Publications

[3-(1,4-cyclohexadienyl)-l-alanine,8-lysine]vasopressin: synthesis and some pharmacological properties.	[3-(1,4-cyclohexadienyl)-l-alanine,8-lysine]vasopressin, otherwise known as [3-(2,5-dihydrophenylalanine),8-lysine]vasopressin or [dihphe3]lysine-vasopressin, has been synthesized in an attempt to utilize 2,5-dihydrophenylalanine (dihphe) to evaluate the contribution of aromaticity in position 3 to biological activity. the analogue has the same primary structure as lysine-vasopressin, except that two additional hydrogen atoms are present on the ring moiety of the phenylalanine residue in positio ...	1979	536993
biosynthetic relationships among the secalonic acids. isolation of emodin, endocrocin and secalonic acids from pyrenochaeta terrestris and aspergillus aculeatus.	cynodontin, emodin, endocrocin and secalonic acids a, e and g have been isolated from five strains of pyrenochaeta terrestis. aspergillus aculeatus produces emodin, endocrocin and secalonic acids b, d and f. no cynodontin was detected. isolation of emodin in small amounts supports previous evidence that it is an intermediate in secalonic acid biosynthesis. isolation of cynodontin and endocrocin, which are co-produced with secalonic acids in other organisms, suggests that these compounds are form ...	1979	541252
factors affecting aflatoxin production by aspergillus parasiticus in a chemically defined medium.	the optimum levels of sucrose, (nh4)2so4, mgso4, kh2po4 and znso4 for aflatoxin production in a chemically defined medium have been established. the last two were found to be essential for fungal growth and aflatoxin production. the effect of various carbon sources on aflatoxin production was tested using the defined medium. asparagine was found to be essential for aflatoxin production. very little aflatoxin was produced in the absence of asparagine with any of the other inorganic nitrogen sourc ...	1979	541661
[immunological studies on allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis--probably induced by aspergillus oryzae (author's transl)].		1979	541917
manganese deficiency leads to elevated amino acid pools in citric acid accumulating aspergillus niger.	free amino acid pools have been investigated in a citric acid accumulating strain of aspergillus niger during batch growth under manganese sufficient and deficient conditions by means of an improved chromatographic method. studies on the mycelial content of several nitrogenous compounds under manganese sufficient and deficient conditions showed that manganese deficiency resulted in lower amino acid pool sizes during trophophase and considerable accumulation during idiophase, and in a reduction o ...	1979	543776
complement, polymorphonuclear leukocytes and platelets in acute experimental respiratory reactions to aspergillus.		1979	544166
aspergillus granuloma of maxillary sinus - a case report.		1979	544489
toxic naphtho-gamma-pyrones from aspergillus niger.		1979	544666
[isolation and some properties of homogenous nuclease s1 from alpha-amyloryzin].	a purification method for isolating homogeneous single-strand specific nuclease s1 from alpha-amyloryzin has been developed. the yield was about 16% and purification factor--9000. nuclease s1 thus obtained was proved to be free of contaminations of any others nucleolytic enzymes. it is shown for the first time that ribo- and deoxy-dinucleosidemonophosphates are hydrolyzed by nuclease s1 to form 5'-nucleotides with ph optimum for apa equal to 4.6.	1979	547181
[purification of main saponin from tuber of ficaire (ficaria ranunculoides moench) by a strain of aspergillus niger (author's transl)].		1979	547816
anthranilate hydroxylase, an iron enzyme, from aspergillus niger.		1979	548462
[phosphoric metabolism of aspergillus niger in calcareous and saline soils].		1977	548699
antimicrobial and toxicological studies on an antiseptic based on hexachlorophene and destructive distillate of castor oil.	bactericidal, bacteriostatic, fungistatic and toxicological evaluaton of an emulsion containing 0.25% hexachlorophene (w/v), 9.5% terpineol (v/v), 1.5% oil of terpentine (v/v), 13% ethanol (v/v), 6% castor oil distillate 1201275 degrees c (v/v) and 6% sodium salt of the residue (w/v) in aqueous medium was performed. the bactericidal concentration for salmonella typhi was found to be 1:400 which increased to 1:350 in the presence of 5% horse serum. the bacteriostatic concentration of the emulsion ...	1978	549568
studies on the inhibitory effects of zinc heptanoate on microorganisms.	inhibitory effect of zinc heptanoate was observed on different cultures of bacteria and fungi. growth of all the bacteria was inhibited by the compound. greatest inhibition was seen in the case of staphylococcus albus, streptococcus pyogenes, shigella dysenteriae, shigella sonnei, shigella flexneri, salmonella typhi, s. paratyphi a, s. paratyphi b, vibrio cholerae, corynebacterium diphtheriae, and e. coli whereas least inhibition was found in the case of staphylococcus aureus. in triethanolamine ...	1979	553835
[aflatoxin b1 in flours (author's transl)].	inadequate storage conditions may cause growth of fungi on foodstuffs. most well known fungi are aspergillus species, which produce a number of toxins known as aflatoxins, destructive to human health. several health organisations consider these aflatoxins and their metabolites as toxic and cancerogenic and state limitations on their amount in foodstuffs. in ninety three flour samples screened for aflatoxins, three were found to contain aflatoxin b1 over the limits or very close to it.	1979	554004
a comparative study of carotenoids of aschersonia aleyroides and aspergillus giganteus.	the orange-red sporodochium of aschersonia aleyroides contains six caortenes with beta-carotene (87%) as the major pigment. in old cultures there is a decrease in total carotenoids, the disappearance of two trans-carotenes and the appearance of two cis-carotenes. in the case of aspergillus giganteus and its mutant a. giganteus mut. alba the major carotene is also beta-carotene (80%) with six other carotenoids, including possibly the acid pigment aspserxanthin. until now this latter pigment has o ...	1979	554534
incidence of fungal spores at the homes of allergic patients in an agricultural community. i. a 12-month study in and out of doors.	a 12-month survey of the fungal spores in and out of homes of 145 allergic patients in an agricultural community was conducted. more than 6,100 colonies were recovered and 33 genera identified frm november, 1977, through october, 1978. cladosporium was the most common genus identified and was recovered from 90% of the homes. peak cladosporium counts were observed during november through january, with another peak in march. penicillium and alternaria were recovered from 57% and 33% of the homes r ...	1979	555599
aflatoxin in a swedish grain sample.	so far aflatoxin has not been detected in crops grown in sweden but only in imported feedstuffs or in feed mixtures containing imported products. during the survey for other mycotoxins in swedish crops a compound was detected in oats which, by further analysis, was identified as aflatoxin b1. quantitative evaluation showed concentrations as high as 2.6 ppm. the fungal population in this highly contaminated sample consisted almost entirely of aspergillus flavus.	1978	556541
comparative merits of eight popular media in aerometric studies of fungi.	although cultural surveys of airborne fungi are pursued widely, the comparative virtues of popular media have not been systematically tested. to facilitate an informed choice, eight different agar media were compared using paired single-plate exposures of identical, wind-oriented, andersen samplers. modified mehrlich's (mm), sabouraud's dextrose (sab), malt extract (malt), v8 juice (v8), and potato dextrose-rose bengal (pdar) agar were compared initially; potato dextrose (pda), malt, rose bengal ...	1977	556550
[hypersensitivity to fungi in the etiology of respiratory allergic infections and the results of desensitization therapy].		1977	557376
13c nuclear magnetic resonance spectra and biosynthetic studies of xanthomegnin and related pigments from aspergillus sulphureus and melleus.		1977	558204
the structures of five new didehydropeptides related to neoechinulin, isolated from aspergillus amstelodami.		1977	558214
[moulds of bakery dusts (author's transl)].	a total of 260 samples from bakery dusts were investigated. the samples were taken in the great part with the sedimentation-method. a large concentration of moulds was found in the meal-room. the fungal flora was here charcterized by species of rhizopus nigricans, mucor and circinella. with a new volumetric sampler a total quantity of 8 680 fungus spores of particles in 1 m3 was registrated. by a re-examination we found 4473. in the baker's rooms besides moulds (aspergillus, penicillium etc.) th ...	1977	558701
bovine mycotic abortion: some epidemiological aspects.	records from 898 cases of bovine mycotic abortion occurring over the five years 1969 to 1974 in south wales were examined with particular reference to incidence and climate. mean incidence was lowest in september and highest in january and february. annual incidence of aspergillus-type infection decreased but that of mucortype did not alter significantly. most abortions occurred during the last trimester of pregnancy. the abortion rate for cattle fed hay in cowsheds was extremely high compared w ...	1977	560075
[synthetic studies on echinulin and related natural products. iv. isolation, structure and synthesis of flavoglaucin-auroglaucin type natural products isolated from aspergillus amstelodami (author's transl)].		1977	560464
[synthetic studies on echinulin and related natural products. v. isolation, structure and synthesis of echinulin-neoechinulin type alkaloids isolated from aspergillus amstelodami (author's transl)].		1977	560465
[synthetic studies on echinulin and related natural products. vi. structure and synthesis of aurechinulin (author's transl)].		1977	560466
[bronchial mucoid impaction associated with fungal infection--a case study].		1977	560589
pulmonary hypersensitivity to alternaria and aspergillus in baker's asthma.	in two cases of baker's asthma pulmonary hypersensitivity was found to the fungi alternaria and aspergillus. provocative bronchial challenge revealed a dual response; an immediate and an arthus type hypersensitivity to aspergillus in the first case. a primary binding assay revealed high titres of anti-aspergillus antibody in the serum. in the second case intradermal and bronchial challenge suggested an immediate type i hypersensitivity response to alternaria. the suspected organisms were present ...	1977	561668
[influence of cooling temperatures on aflatoxin formation in milk products (author's transl)].	in the literature several contradictionary results have been published on the aflatoxin formation at temperatures below 10 degrees c. therefore experiments with pastes made from milk and cheese powder artificially contaminated with aspergillus parasiticus, were performed at temperatures of 1 degree c, 5 degrees c, and 10 degrees c for 28 days at a relative humidity of 90--95%. even at 1 degree c, the aflatoxins b1, b2, g1, g2, and m1 could be determined quantitatively. the lactose content did no ...	1977	562043
the effect of osmotic pressure and salinity of the medium on the growth and sporulation of aspergillus niger and paecilomyces lilacinum species.	the effect of osmotic pressure and salinity on the production of conidia and growth of aspergillus niger and paecilomyces lilacinum, isolated from the soil, have been studied in this investigation. the maximum production of conidia in both species was observed in the nutrient medium containing 1% nacl wheras maximum growth was recorded in the nutrient medium containing 3% nacl. it has been thus observed that the salinity and the osmotic pressure related to it effect the reproductive as well as t ...	1977	562476
[the pathology of mycotic cattle abortions].		1977	563100
glyceride synthesis by four kinds of microbial lipase.	apart from their usual mechanism of action, lipases from aspergillus niger and rhizopus delemar also catalyzed the synthesis of glycerides from oleic acid and glycerol. lipases from geotrichum candidum and penicillium cyclopium were inactivated by oleic acid, but were stable in the presence of casein, albumin or buffer of appropriate ph. lipases from aspergillus niger and rhizopus delemar synthesized glycerides from, not only fatty acid, but dibasic acids and aromatic acids, making ester bonds o ...	1977	563245
mycotoxicological investigations on zambian maize.		1978	564851
[investigations on the antimicrobial activity of amin-aldehyde-condensates. 3. communication: n,o-acetals (author's transl)].	in the scope of our research about the antimicrobial activity of amin-aldehyde-condensates a number of partly new n,o-acetals was synthesized by reaction of formaldehyde with several alcohols and secondary amines. structures and physically constants are shown in the tables 1 and 2. the antimicrobial activity is demonstrated by the results of the disk-test (table 3), of the minimal inhibition concentration (mic, table 4) and the suspension and area disinfecting test following the methods of the d ...	1978	566008
studies concerning the metabolites produced by stachybotrys atra, penicillium islandicum, penicillium viridicatum and aspergillus versicolor.	over the past ten years it has become quite apparent that mycotoxins, or toxins produced by fungi, are responsible for a wide variety of human and animal illnesses and, in many cases, deaths. consequently, the study of the metabolites produced by fungi and the possible occurrence of such metabolites in foodstuffs is of critical importance. it is the purpose of this paper to outline the approach taken at the u.s. food and drug administration in evaluating the possible hazard to human health posed ...	1977	566067
the problem of aflatoxic human disease in parts of india-epidemiological and ecological aspects.	an outbreak of a disease characterised by jaundice, rapidly developing ascites and portal hypertension associated with 20 p. 100 mortality rate was investigated in 1974. analysis of food samples revealed that the disease outbreak was due to the consumption of maize (corn) heavily infested with the fungus aspergillus flavus. unseasonal rains prior to harvest, chronic drought conditions, poor storage facilities and ignorance of dangers of consuming fungal contaminated food seem to have caused the ...	1977	566071
[mycological aspects of food toxicoses].		1978	566370
[newer antimycotics. v. 3-aryl-azo-indoles (author's transl)].	the author produced a number of 3-aryl-azo-indoles, and investigated their fungistatic efficiency in vitro. he proved, that the 3-(tolyl-azo)- and 3-(bhloro-phenyl-azo)-indoles exert a strong fungistatic effect on trichophyton- and epidermophyton-species, but they are inactive on other fungi-strains. their fungistatic efficiency is considerable independent of the position of their methyl- or chloro-substituents.	1978	566497
effect of three antagonists on the development of bacterial leaf streak of rice.	among 11 epiphytic microorganisms one species each of pseudomonas, erwinia, and aspergillus were antagonistic to xanthomonas translucens subsp. oryzicola. symptoms of bacterial leaf streak did not develop when the antagonists were sprayed on rice leaves 24 h before inoculation. although the symptoms developed when the antagonists were applied 24 h after inoculation, the number of lesions and their length was significantly reduced over control. when the mixture of each antagonist and the pathogen ...	1978	567522
[contents of fungi in the sputum of patients with broncho-pulmonary diseases].		1978	567890
aerobiological studies based in derby. ii. simultaneous pollen and spore sampling at eight sites within a 60 km radius.	in order to determine whether a sampling site in the centre of derby, where air sampling had been carried out for five summers, really provided valid aerobiological data for the surrounding area, eight identical volumetric spore traps were operated simultaneously during the summer of 1969 at various sites up to 56 km from derby. for most pollen and spore types, total numbers and seasonal pattern at all the sampling sites were found to be similar, although a few extreme and unexpected variations ...	1978	568523
[comparison of methods for the quantitative detection of moulds in foods. iii. comparison of different culture media for the mould plate count (author's transl)].	the mould plate count and taxonomical grouping of the mould flora of 9 moulded non-fluid foods were compared on totally 12 different media, which are commonly used for the detection of moulds.--in contrary to the bacteriological practice, moulds should only be counted on plates with 20-50 colonies, as on plates covered densely with a mixed mould flora, simple colonies are often no more detectable. mould plate counts of all tested products were in the same range on all media with a sugar content ...	1978	568864
occupational hypersensitivity lung disease.	a case of occupational hypersensitivity pneumonitis caused by an air conditioning unit is presented. aspergillus fumigatus and aureobasidium pullulans were cultured from this unit and antibodies to these organisms were found the patient's blood. the case shows that this disease may present in a very subtle form and may be diagnosed by a culture from the patient's environment and an easily performed blood precipitin test. the importance of searching for this type of lung disease and the need for ...	1978	569690
seasonal variation in fungi from eye patients in lucknow.		1979	571413
the nutritive value of dehulled soybeans fermented with aspergillus oryzae or rhizopus oligosporus as evaluated by rats.		1979	571903
[pulmonary allescheriosis (author's transl)].	in a patient properly treated for a previous cavitary tuberculosis, we had the surprise, after hemoptyses, to find a sleigh-bell shaped picture suggesting an intra-cavitary aspergilloma with a very special mycosis with allescheria boydii. proof was provided by the presence of the fungus in direct examination and in culture in bronchial secretions. surgical exeresis did not cure the patient and a secondary recurrence appeared on which antifungal drugs were ineffective. antigens were made from the ...	1979	572967
[effect of the lipid component of the medium on lipase biosynthesis by fungi].	the lipolytic activity of the fungi aspergillus and rhizopus was studied on a medium with soybean flour. the lipolytic activity of the aspergillus fungi was low or absent whereas many of the cultures belonging to the rhizopus genus possessed the lipolytic activity. the effect of soybean flour components on lipase biosynthesis was studied with geotrichum asteroides and rhizopus cohnii aucmf-597. the lipid component was shown to be necessary for lipase biosynthesis by g. asteroides and to stimulat ...	1979	573367
[ecology of opportunistic fungi].	as most of the pathogenic fungi, opportunistic fungi have a saprophytic life in the soil. the knowledge of their life in natural conditions may allow to avoid their proliferation in the vicinity of man. examples of ecology were taken among aspergilli and mycetoma-inducing fungi. the ecology of these fungi was studied in senegal-mauritania where mycetoma is fairly frequent and well studied. cultures of l. senegalensis and l. tompkinsii were very often isolated from dry thorns of acacias or other ...	1979	573714
an intracavitary fungus ball composed of syncephalastrum.	a case of a pulmonary intracavitary fungus ball composed of syncephalastrum sp., a member of the class zygomycetes not previously reported in association with human disease, is presented. the fungus was cultured preoperatively from bronchial secretions as well as from the fungal mass from the resected lung. this fungus appeared to behave in a saprophytic manner similar to that of the more common aspergillus fungus ball.	1979	574368
[checking disinfection measures at mold infested sites].		1979	574697
conjugation of glucose oxidase from aspergillus niger and rabbit antibodies using n-hydroxysuccinimide ester of n-(4-carboxycyclohexylmethyl)-maleimide.	glucose oxidase from aspergillus niger was conjugated with rabbit immunoglobulin g or its monovalent fragments (fab'). the enzyme was treated with n-hydroxysuccinimide ester of n-(4-carboxycyclohexylmethyl)-maleimide to introduce maleimide groups, which were then allowed to react with thiol groups of reduced igg or fab'. more than 40% of immunoglobulin g, fab' and enzyme used could be conjugated without self-coupling. the enzyme activity decreased about 26 and 15% upon conjugation with immunoglo ...	1979	574817
pyroglyphid mites, xerophilic fungi and allergenic activity in dust from hospital mattresses.	dust from mattresses of different composition and age was analysed for mites, xerophilic fungi and allergenic activity. the mites of the genus demodex were the most abundant (58.2 per cent). also pyroglyphid mites occurred commonly (36.6 per cent). pyroglyphid mites were present in small numbers (mean: 1 specimen/0.2 g of dust) in 12 out of the 17 older polyester-foam mattresses. the 11 cotton-horsechair mattresses and the newly used polyester-foam mattresses (three tested) were without them. th ...	1977	579540
acute toxicity of penicillic acid and rubratoxin b in dogs.	the effect of intraperitoneally administered penicillic acid, a mycotoxin produced by several species of penicillium and aspergillus, on female dogs of mixed breeding was determined by serum tests, by observation of clinical signs and survival times, and by evaluation of gross and microscopic lesions. combination studies employing penicillic acid and a second mycotoxin, rubratoxin b, also were undertaken. post mortem examination disclosed hemorrhaging of the serosal surfaces of the abdomen of do ...	1977	580698
cerebral mycotic aneurysm of fungal origin. case report.	a young man who had a long history of sinusitis developed subarachnoid hemorrhage and died. autopsy showed a mycotic aneurysm of fungal origin at the junction of the right posterior cerebral and internal carotid arteries. four of five reported cases of fungal aneurysm were due to aspergillus infection.	1978	580788
kinetic studies of the phenol sulphate-phenol sulphotransferase of aspergillus oryzae.	arylsulphatase ii of aspergillus oryzae exhibits both hydrolytic and sulphotransferase activities. the kinetic data suggest the formation of an intermediate covalent enzyme-sulphate complex with transfer of sulphate from donor to acceptor proceeding via a ping pong mechanism. the unusual kinetic behaviour when 2-hydroxy-5-nitrophenyl sulphate is the substrate is also consistent with this mechanism.	1977	588253
fungal antigens as a source of sensitization and respiratory disease in scottish maltworkers.	mycological and serological studies were carried out as part of a survey of respiratory disease in scottish maltworkers. 70% of stained sputum smears from 574 workers showed the presence of higher plant cells and/or myclelia, and the spores of common environmental fungi. penicillium spp. (90%), rhizopus stolonifer (48%) and yeasts (53%) were the dominant fungi in 699 sputum cultures, and showed a similar proportional distribution in 327 samples of grain, malt, culms and dusts from fifty-six malt ...	1977	589785
studies on mycobacillin derivatives. iv. o-methylation of the antibiotic and identification of the active tyrosine residue.	methylation of myocobacillin with dimethyl sulfate and methyl iodide produced respectively mono- and di-methyl derivatives. the products were inactive against fungal spores and erythrocytes. tyrosine hydroxyl groups only were methylated; in the monomethyl derivative, the hydroxyl of the tyrosine residue in position 6 is methylated, whereas the hydroxyl of the tyrosine in position 4 remains free; both hydroxyl groups are methylated in the dimethyl derivative. the results indicate that the hydroxy ...	1977	591465
[production of patulin in a liquid medium by moulds belonging to the genera: aspergillus and penicillium (author's transl)].	the toxinogenesis of 10 strains of penicillium granulatum, 5 of p. expansum, 4 of aspergillus terreus, 2 of a. clavatus, p. thomii, p. urticae, p. italicum and 1 of p. claviforme was tested at 26 degrees c in czapek's enriched liquid medium (8 p. 1000 glucose + 2 p. 1000 yeast extract). 6 strains of p. granulatum, 5 of p. expansum, 1 of p claviforme and p. thomii produced patulin after 9 days of culture. mycotoxin concentrations recovered was between 0.2 ppm and 3127 ppm. highly toxinogenic stra ...	1977	596791
a rapid direct assay for the determination of the separate activities of the three arylsulphatases of aspergillus oryzae.	1. the three arylsulphatases of aspergillus oryzae exhibit pronounced kinetic differences and substrate specificities. arylsulphatase i hydrolyses all substrates tested, whereas arylsulphatase iii will not hydrolyse tyrosine o-sulphate or phenolphthalein disulphate. arylsulphatase ii does not hydrolyse p-nitrophenyl sulphate or phenolphthalein disulphate at appreciable rates in the absence of added phenolic compounds. phenols such as tyramine increase the rate of hydrolysis of these substances b ...	1977	597235
differential repression of arylsulphatase synthesis in aspergillus oryzae.	1. the activities of the three arylsulphatases (arylsulphate sulphohydrolase, ec 3.1.6.1) of aspergillus oryzae produced under a variety of repressing and non-repressing conditions were determined. 2. these enzymes exhibit different sensitivities to repression by inorganic sulphate. 3. arylsulphatase i, but not arylsulphatases ii and iii, exhibits a transient de-repression in the early growth phase in sulphate media. 4. when the fungus is cultured in repressing media and subsequently transferred ...	1977	597236
release of peptide-bound sialic acid from landschütz ascites-tumour cells by proteinase 1 of aspergillus oryzae [proceedings].		1977	598591
mycotoxic diseases produced in mice by species of the aspergillus ochraceus group.		1977	598791
[direct selection of aspergillus terricola variants having different toxicity on a culture of fibroblasts].	a direct method is proposed to select less toxic mutants of aspergillus terricola on a culture of fibroblasts. the conidia are first irradiated with uv, and then are used to grow colonies on the glass surface of tubes or flasks containing medium 199. the cells of fibroblasts are added thereupon and the two cultures are being grown together for 24--48 hours. the colonies which inhibit the growth of fibroblasts to a less extent are selected using microscopy. the method can be used for primarily se ...	1977	600087
[the protective role of pigments against uv rays in fungi isolated from the mesosphere].	five among six species of microorganisms isolated from the mesosphere contained pigments which made them more resistant to the action of uv as compared to pigmentless microorganisms in the atmosphere of earth. uv irradiation in the atmosphere is supposed to select resistant pigmented forms, so that they predominate in the mesosphere. to confirm this assumption, mutants of aspergillus niger, penicillium notatum and circinella muscae were sported by irradiating them four times and then subjecting ...	1977	600090
[formation of diploids by aspergillus niger and their biosynthesis of citric acid].	diploid organisms appeared spontaneously in heterokaryons of aspergillus niger produced by crossing a beige mutant, which was adenine-deficient, and a green mutant requiring the addition of yeast autolysate. the frequency of diploidization increased two-fold under the action of colchicine (0.5%). the diploids became prototrophous, the colour of their conidia increased 1.5--2.4 times. the rate of production of citric acid by the diploid strains which had originated under the action of colchinine ...	1977	600107
[fungal flora of ankara air in the morning and evening (author's transl)].	the fungal flora in different areas parts of ankara in morning and evening atmosfere are discussed. it was seen that penicillium, and mycelia sterilia were found more in evenings, when cladosporium and alternaria were found in higher concentrations in mornings. aspergillus was found in evening air either in less or at least in same concentrations. the rate of monilia in evenings and mornings showed variable concentration according to areas.	1977	600116
a study on the toxicity of spontaneously molded bread.	molds of geni penicillium, aspergillus and paecilomyces were found in spontaneously molded finnish bread. patulin was detected in 91% of 23 samples analysed in concentrations ranging from 27 to 138 microgram/kg. the toxin was found in dark bread in higher amounts than in white. neither aflatoxins (12 samples) nor ochratoxin a (10 samples) were detected. penicillic acid was found in one of five samples. no significant changes were found in the haemoglobin or leucocyte counts of rats kept on feed ...	1977	600695
cerebral aspergillosis: report of two cases.	two cases of cerebral aspergillosis in tamilians presenting as intracranial space-occupying lesions are reported. the first patient had a left frontal lobe abscess and a specific diagnosis was made by histopathology and isolation of aspergillus versicolor. he responded well to excision followed by anticonvulsant therapy. in the other, the diagnosis was based on histopathology alone and she died after surgery. these are the first cases reported from tamil nadu and probably only one similar case h ...	1977	601658
growth of fungi in broiler houses.	the growth of fungi in broiler houses with and without histories of problems of unknown etiology or of mycotoxicoses was studied. fungal growth data were obtained by the strip bait method and results expressed as frequency and relative density. the frequency and relative density of fungal growth of several species were higher in problem houses than in those without problems. in problem houses many known toxic fungi and several fungi of unknown toxicity were found growing, increasing in density a ...	1977	605041
histochemical changes in adrenals of swiss mice on intraperitoneal administration of aspergillus spores.		1977	606359
[aspergillus mycetoma of the foot].		1977	607471
fungal infections in the cancer patient.	fungal infections are increasing in frequency, especially among patients with haematological malignancies. the fungi which cause most of the infections in cancer patients are candida spp. and aspergillus spp. these fungi seldom infect individuals with normal host defence mechanisms. many factors predispose patients to fungal infection, including neutropenia, lymphopenia, gastro-intestinal ulceration, intravenous catheters and adrenal corticosteroid therapy. candida spp. cause 5 major types of in ...	1977	607507
the anthranilate synthetase enzyme complex and the trifunctional trpc gene of aspergillus.		1977	610841
[the efficacy of preserving agents in an o/w emulsion after microbial contamination].		1977	613317
incidence and control of mycotoxin producing molds in domestic and imported cheeses.	molds were isolated from moldy cheese trimmings and both nonmoldy and moldy samples of domestic and imported retail samples of cheese. the majority of molds found were penicillium species. a small percentage (about 4 p. 100) of the molds encountered were species known to be capable of producing recognized mycotoxins (p. cyclopium, p. viridicatum, a. flavus and a. ochraceus). most of the molds isolated has psychrotrophic properties and were capable of growing at 5 degrees c. sorbates were found t ...	1977	613908
kind and frequency of toxin production by cereals contaminating aspergilli and penicillia.		1977	613911
incidence of aflatoxin-potential contamination in spanish sausages.	525 strains of moulds were isolated from 8 samples of red pepper (capsicum annuum) and from 3 samples of black pepper (piper nigrum). these spices were commonly added to the various kinds of spanish sausages, specially to the spanish "chorizo". of these 525 isolated moulds, 100 belonged to the aspergillus flavus group. 69 were isolated from red pepper and 31 from black pepper. of these strains, 28 strains isolated from red pepper were found positive in producing aflatoxin b1 while only 8 of the ...	1977	613913
[contamination of cotton seeds and of cotton seed cake by aflatoxin].	following the discovery of aflatoxin m in cow's milk in the previous study, the contamination with aflatoxin of cotton-seed and cotton-seed cake which constitute the principal feed of local animals was measured. the samples were taken from 2 factories. the grain from the 1st factory was grown in the centre of the country in dry climate, and those from the 2nd source originated from the humid region of the north of iran. the grain and cotton-seed cake from the 1st factory did not contain aflatoxi ...	1977	613918
[bioproduction of sterigmatocystine by aspergillus versicolor (vuill.) tiraboschi in dry fodder].	lucerne and ray-grass, sterilized or not, were equilibrated at relative humidity (e.r.h.) 84, 88, 93 p. 100, and contaminated by spores of a highly toxinogenic a. versicolor strain and maintained in these e.r.h. during 6 months. a peculiar technique for extraction and purification was necessary; the quantification limit for sterigmatocystin was 100 ppb; measurements had been done monthly in 3 replicates. solvent water was estimated from water sorption isotherms: toxin yield progressively increas ...	1977	613923
mycotoxins of aspergillus oryzae strains for use in the food industry as starters and enzyme producing molds.		1977	613924
biosynthesis of aflatoxins.	the role of zinc on the primary metabolism of aspergillus parasiticus in relation to aflatoxin biosynthesis was studied. zinc deficiency impaired growth and metabolism of nucleic acid and protein while stimulating that of lipid. the activities of enzymes of glycolytic cycle were affected indicating that these are zinc dependent enzymes. impaired glycolytic cycle tends to reduce the level of primary metabolites like pyruvate, citrate and oxaloacetate which trigger aflatoxin formation. during stat ...	1977	613925
hepato-and cardiotoxicity of xanthoascin, a new xanthocillin analogue produced by aspergillus candidus. ii. a preliminary electron microscopic observation of the heart and lung with intranuclear myelin-like figures.	xanthoascin (1-4(hydroxyphenyl)-4-(2,2-dimethyl-6-chromanyl)-2,3-diisocyano-1,3-butadiene), a toxic metabolite recently isolated from rice grains infested with aspergillus candidus l., caused acute hepatic injury with jaundice in mice. following this, if the animals survived, degeneration of the myocardium developed over several weeks. myocardial cells of dilated ventricular walls were diffusely vacuolated in routine h.e. sections. electron microscopically, the vacuoles were filled with osmiophi ...	1977	613931
relative effectiveness of mutagens on amylase production in aspergillus wentii.		1977	614190
[animal experimental studies on the thrombolytic effect of ocrase].	the thrombolytic effect of "ocrase", a protease isolated from aspergillus ochraceus, was investigated in animal experiments. to prevent general hyperproteolysis a protease dose was used which was was neutralized by the inhibitors in the blood of the animals. experimentally produced deposition and clotting thrombi in peripheral venous or arterial vessels of mice, rats, dwarf pigs and dogs were lysed by regional and systemic administration, and the therapeutic result was estimated by vital microsc ...	1977	614755
fungus infection of ear.	of 2,632 patients seeking medical help for symptoms pertaining to the ear, 1,264 were clinically suspected to be suffering from fungus infection. microbiological confirmation of diagnosis was obtained in 209 cases including 82 cases with mixed infections (both fungus and bacteria). the commonest species of fungus isolated was aspergillus (aspergillus niger, 67%; aspergillus fumigatus, 24%). best results in fungus infection of the ear was obtained by daily packing of the external meatus by a wick ...	1977	615577
primary cutaneous aspergillosis in a leukemic child.	primary cutaneous aspergillosis is rare. in this report we describe a primary skin infection by aspergillus flavus in a child with leukemia. the lesions were characterized by erythematous macules and papules associated with pain and itching, followed by a rapid progression to ulcers and central black eschars with a raised erythematous border. a favorable response to topical nystatin therapy was observed. the multiple cutaneous lesions seen in our patient were most likely due to primary inoculati ...	1978	619788
studies on lectins. xxxvii. isolation and characterization of the lectin from jimson-weed seeds (datura stramonium l.).	the lectin of jimson-weed seeds (datura stramonium l.) was isolated by affinity chromatography on a polysaccharide mixture from mycelium of aspergillus niger. the lectin yields two bands on disc electrophoresis, it has sedimentation coefficient s20,w = 3.8 s and its apparent molecular weight estimated by thin layer gel chromatography is 120,000. the lectin reduced with mercaptoethanol yields on polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis in the presence of dodecyl sulfate three zones corresponding to sub ...	1978	620059
microbiological transformation of biflavone.	incubation of 5,5'-7,7'-tetramethoxy-8,8'-biflavone with aspergillus niger results in the formation of 4,4'-dihydroxy-5,5'-7,7'-tetramethoxy-8,8'-biflavan.	1978	620728
relationship between fungal growth and aflatoxin production in varities of maize and groundnut.		1978	621329
upper boundary of the biosphere.	by using meterological rockets fitted with specially designed analyzers, samples for microbiological investigation have been taken. the analyzer design prevented extraneous microorganisms from penetrating into the analyzer. before being used, the analyzers were sterilized with high gamma-ray doses. for the first time microorganisms have been detected in the mesosphere at an altitude of 48 to 77 km. the microorganisms are microscopic fungi having black conidia or spores (circinella muscae, asperg ...	1978	623455
wild rice as fermentation substrate for mycotoxin production.	many cereal grains have been studied for their suitability as substrates for the fermentative production of mycotoxins. however, except for aflatoxin, wild rice has not been investigated. hence, five mold cultures known to produce the mycotoxins ochratoxin-a, penicillic acid, patulin, vomitoxin, and zearalenone were grown on wild rice under varying conditions of moisture and temperature to determine whether this grain would serve as a suitable substrate for toxin production. under appropriate fe ...	1978	623456
structural factors influencing the biodegradation of imides.	comparative studies on the biodegradability of amides and imides are presented. low-molecular-weight imides of varying chain lengths (4, 6, 7, 8, 18, and 20 carbons) were biodegrable. n-alkyl substitution of amides and imides resulted in non-biodegrable derivatives when the amide portion was greater than two carbons in length. n-alkyl-substituted derivatives of acetamide or diacetamide, however, were biodegrable. several soil isolates, including aspergillus niger and species of flavobacterium an ...	1978	623472
properties of a beta-d-mannosidase from aspergillus niger.	the beta-d-mannosidase (beta-d-mannoside mannohydrolase, ec 3.2.1.25) from culture filtrate of aspergillus niger has been purified in large amounts by fractionation with (nh4)2so4 and deae-cellulose chromatography. the removal of traces of alpha-d-galactosidase was performed on a sepharose-epsilon-aminocaproyl-galactosylamine column. the final enzyme preparation (specific activity 188 units) has no other glycosidase activity and is judged homogeneous. the enzyme has a molecular weight of 130 000 ...	1978	623772
cellulose-decomposing fungi of salt marshes in egypt.	seventy-five species and three varieties which belong to thirty-four genera were identified from 74 soil samples collected from salt marshes in egypt. the most frequent fungi were aspergillus fumigatus, aspergillus niger, cladosporium herbarum and alternatia alternata, followed by aspergillus terreus, curvularia spicifera and penicillium notatum. six genera were of moderate occurrence: penicillium, fusarium, curvularia, rhizopus, stachybotrys, and chaetomium. five genera were of low occurrence: ...	1978	624509
effects in mice of simultaneous prenatal exposure to ochratoxin a and t-2 toxin.	aspergillus ochraceus and fusarium tricinctum are food contaminating molds whose toxic metabolites, ochratoxin a and t-2 toxin, are known mammalian teratogens. in order to determine the possible effects of simultaneous exposure to such environmental agents, ochratoxin a (2 or 4 mg/kg) and t-2 toxin (0.5 mg/kg) were injected ip, either together or individually, in cd-1 mice on gestation days 8 or 10. ochratoxin induced craniofacial malformations when given alone on day 8, but not on day 10. t-2 t ...	1978	625706
quadrone, a new antitumor substance produced by aspergillus terreus. production, isolation and properties.	a new antitumor compound named quadrone was isolated from the culture broth of aspergillus terreus nrrl 11,156. quadrone was active against kb cells in vitro, but died not possess antimicrobial activity.	1978	627521
substrate specificity and mode of action of a cellulase from aspergillus niger.	the mode of action and substrate specificity of a cellulase purified from aspergillus niger were examined. the enzyme showed little capacity to hydrolyse highly ordered cellulose, but readily attacked soluble cellulose derivatives and amorphous alkali-swollen cellulose. activity towards barley glucan and lichenin was greater than with cm-cellulose. low activity was detected with cm-pachyman (a substituted beta-1,3-glucose polymer) and xylan. activity towards yeast glucan, mannan, ethlene glycol ...	1978	629761
the mode of action of alpha sarcin and a novel assay of the puromycin reaction.	a new technique was developed for measuring the amount of peptidyl-trna in a protein-synthesizing system in vitro. by this technique the course of the puromycin reaction may be followed and the modes of action of various inhibitors of protein synthesis readily determined. we conclude that the polypeptide alpha sarcin inhibits the binding of aminoacyl-trna into the ribosomal 'a' site, that sparsomycin inhibits the peptidyl transferase reaction and that cycloheximide may block translocation.	1978	629783
rate equation for amylase-catalyzed hydrolysis, transglycosylation and condensation of linear oligosaccharides and amylose.		1978	632229