Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year Filter | PMID(sorted ascending) Filter |
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| cloning a plant amino acid transporter by functional complementation of a yeast amino acid transport mutant. | amino acids are transported across the plasma membrane of plant cells by proton-amino acid symports. we report here the successful cloning of a neutral amino acid carrier by functional complementation. a histidine transport deletion mutant of saccharomyces cerevisiae was transformed with an arabidopsis thaliana cdna library constructed in a yeast expression vector. forty transformants, out of 10(5), allowed growth on a histidine-limiting medium. the acquired ability to grow on low histidine was ... | 1993 | 8356039 |
| functional analysis of arabidopsis thaliana rrna gene and spacer promoters in vivo and by transient expression. | in eukaryotes, rna polymerase i transcription is controlled by dna elements located within the spacers that separate the tandemly arranged rrna genes. unlike rrna coding sequences, the intergenic spacers evolve rapidly and have little sequence similarity even among closely related species. nonetheless, the arrangement of functional elements, such as spacer promoters and enhancers, is thought to be highly conserved. here, we identify spacer promoters in the plant arabidopsis thaliana, thereby dem ... | 1993 | 8356050 |
| expression of the arabidopsis ataux2-11 auxin-responsive gene in transgenic plants. | five constructions containing deletions of the promoter from an auxin-inducible gene of arabidopsis thaliana, ataux2-11, were fused to the coding region of the reporter gene lacz, which encodes beta-galactosidase, and a polyadenylation 3'-untranslated nopaline synthase sequence from agrobacterium. these chimeric genes were introduced into arabidopsis by agrobacterium tumefaciens-mediated transformation, and expression of the gene was examined by spectrophotometric and histochemical analyses. a 6 ... | 1993 | 8358026 |
| ring finger motif of arabidopsis thaliana cop1 defines a new class of zinc-binding domain. | the cop1 gene of arabidopsis thaliana encodes a protein mediating the switch between the two developmental pathways utilized in light and darkness. a cysteine-rich motif identified the cop1 protein as a member of a group of regulatory proteins which share the amino acid motif cys-x-x-cys-loop i-cys-x-his-x-x-cys-x-x-cys-loop ii-cys-x-x-cys (ring finger). although this new class of cysteine-rich motifs has been proposed to bind metal ions, no direct evidence supporting this has been presented. by ... | 1993 | 8366106 |
| a uv-sensitive mutant of arabidopsis defective in the repair of pyrimidine-pyrimidinone(6-4) dimers. | plants are continually subjected to ultraviolet-b (uv-b) irradiation (290 to 320 nanometers) as a component of sunlight, which induces a variety of types of damage to the plant dna. repair of the two major dna photoproducts was analyzed in wild-type arabidopsis thaliana and in a mutant derivative whose growth was sensitive to uv-b radiation. in wild-type seedlings, repair of cyclobutane pyrimidine dimers occurred more slowly in the dark than in the light; repair of this photoproduct was not affe ... | 1993 | 8372351 |
| the origin of the bifunctional dihydrofolate reductase-thymidylate synthase isogenes of arabidopsis thaliana. | in most prokaryotic and eukaryotic organisms dihydrofolate reductase (dhfr) and thymidylate synthase (ts) are encoded by independent genes. evidence is presented here that the higher plant arabidopsis thaliana has two bifunctional dhfr-ts genes. the structure of the genes, dhfr at the amino terminus and ts at the carboxy terminus, is identical to their organization in protozoa, the only other known organisms with bifunctional genes. sequence alignments suggest that the bifunctional genes from pr ... | 1993 | 8374616 |
| a glutathione s-transferase with glutathione-peroxidase activity from arabidopsis thaliana. molecular cloning and functional characterization. | a full-length cdna clone for a novel glutathione s-transferase was isolated from arabidopsis thaliana and characterized. the cdna encodes a polypeptide of 218 amino acids with a calculated molecular mass of 24,363 da. the sequence was most related to the theta class within the glutathione-s-transferase superfamily of enzymes. the protein encoded by the cdna was functionally expressed and enzymically active in escherichia coli; glutathione-s-transferase activity with the standard enzyme substrate ... | 1993 | 8375395 |
| the genomic sequence of cardamine chlorotic fleck carmovirus. | the complete genomic sequence of cardamine chlorotic fleck carmovirus (ccfv) has been determined. the genome is a positive-sense ssrna molecule 4041 nucleotides in length, and has 47 to 64% sequence identity with turnip crinkle, carnation mottle and melon necrotic spot carmoviruses. ccfv and these other carmoviruses have four similar open reading frames (orfs), and ccfv has large regions of amino acid identity in all of these orfs with a european isolate of turnip crinkle virus. ccfv, which repl ... | 1993 | 8376969 |
| branched-chain-amino-acid biosynthesis in plants: molecular cloning and characterization of the gene encoding acetohydroxy acid isomeroreductase (ketol-acid reductoisomerase) from arabidopsis thaliana (thale cress). | towards the goal of gaining a better understanding of the molecular mechanisms controlling branched-chain-amino-acid biosynthesis in plants, we have isolated, sequenced and characterized a gene encoding acetohydroxy acid isomero-reductase (ketol-acid reductoisomerase) from arabidopsis thaliana (thale cress). comparison between the acetohydroxy acid isomeroreductase cdna and the genomic sequence has allowed us to determine the exon structure of the coding region. the isolated acetohydroxy acid is ... | 1993 | 8379936 |
| molecular cloning of cdna for vacuolar membrane proton-translocating inorganic pyrophosphatase in hordeum vulgare. | we obtained a cdna clone(pp10) for the vacuolar membrane proton-translocating inorganic pyrophosphatase from barley roots by immunoscreening. the nucleotide sequence contained a 2308 bp open reading frame capable of coding for a polypeptide with 761 amino acids (m(r) 79,841). the polypeptide is highly hydrophobic and 12 membrane-spanning regions are deduced from the hydropathic evaluation. the characteristic cluster of the basic and acidic residues is observed in the hydrophilic segment. a conse ... | 1993 | 8382487 |
| recent stable insertion of mitochondrial dna into an arabidopsis polyubiquitin gene by nonhomologous recombination. | sequence analysis of a newly identified polyubiquitin gene (ubq13) from the columbia ecotype of arabidopsis thaliana revealed that the gene contained a 3.9-kb insertion in the coding region. all subclones of the 3.9-kb insert hybridized to isolated mitochondrial dna. the insert was found to consist of at least two, possibly three, distinct dna segments from the mitochondrial genome. a 590-bp region of the insert is nearly identical to the arabidopsis mitochondrial nad1 gene. ubq13 restriction fr ... | 1993 | 8382544 |
| protein phosphatases in higher plants: multiplicity of type 2a phosphatases in arabidopsis thaliana. | two dna fragments, ap-1 and ap-2, encoding amino acid sequences closely related to ser/thr protein phosphatases were amplified from arabidopsis thaliana genomic dna. fragment ap-1 was used to screen a. thaliana cdna libraries and several positive clones were isolated. clones ep8a and ep14a were sequenced and found to encode almost identical proteins (97% identity). both proteins are 306 amino acids in length and are very similar (79-80% identity) to the mammalian isotypes of the catalytic subuni ... | 1993 | 8382968 |
| the intron of arabidopsis thaliana polyubiquitin genes is conserved in location and is a quantitative determinant of chimeric gene expression. | we have isolated and determined dna sequence for the 5'-flanking regions of three arabidopsis thaliana polyubiquitin genes, ubq3, ubq10, and ubq11. comparison to cdna sequences revealed the presence of an intron in the 5'-untranslated region at the same position immediately upstream of the initiator methionine codon in each of the three genes. an intron at this position is also present in two sunflower and two maize polyubiquitin genes. an intron is also found in the 5'-untranslated regions of s ... | 1993 | 8385509 |
| identification of a mobile endogenous transposon in arabidopsis thaliana. | a mobile endogenous transposable element, tag1, has been identified in the plant arabidopsis thaliana. tag1 was found in the nitrate transporter gene, chl1, of a chlorate-resistant mutant present in a population of plants containing an active maize ac transposon. tag1 excises from the chl1 gene producing chlorate-sensitive revertants with tag1 or tag1-related elements at different loci. tag1 and related elements are present in the landsberg but not columbia or wassilewskija ecotypes of arabidops ... | 1993 | 8385803 |
| formation of a stable adduct between ubiquitin and the arabidopsis ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme, atubc1+. | ubiquitin conjugating enzymes (e2s) are an integral part of a multienzyme pathway that ligates ubiquitin to intracellular target proteins. this ligation has been implicated in a number of fundamental processes including protein degradation, cell cycle progression, dna repair, and organelle biogenesis. to function, e2s form a labile thiol-ester intermediate between a specific cysteine within the e2 and the carboxyl terminus of ubiquitin; this high energy intermediate then serves as the donor for ... | 1993 | 8386169 |
| isolation and identification by sequence homology of a putative cytosine methyltransferase from arabidopsis thaliana. | a plant cytosine methyltransferase cdna was isolated using degenerate oligonucleotides, based on homology between prokaryote and mouse methyltransferases, and pcr to amplify a short fragment of a methyltransferase gene. a fragment of the predicted size was amplified from genomic dna from arabidopsis thaliana. overlapping cdna clones, some with homology to the pcr amplified fragment, were identified and sequenced. the assembled nucleic acid sequence is 4720 bp and encodes a protein of 1534 amino ... | 1993 | 8389441 |
| transposon tagging of a male sterility gene in arabidopsis. | transformation of the well-studied maize transposable elements into other plant species should enable transposon tagging methodology to be used for the isolation of interesting genes in the heterologous host. here we describe the isolation of a transposon-tagged male sterile mutant in arabidopsis thaliana using the maize enhancer-inhibitor transposable element system introduced into arabidopsis. the mutant lacks pollen, preventing normal self-fertilization, a characteristic important for product ... | 1993 | 8390620 |
| poly(a) tail length of a heat shock protein rna is increased by severe heat stress, but intron splicing is unaffected. | the small heat shock proteins (shsps) are induced in all eukaryotes in response to high temperature stress, but are most abundant among members of the plant kingdom where they accumulate in multiple subcellular compartments. we have analyzed the expression of the chloroplast-localized shsp from arabidopsis thaliana, hsp21, and characterized the structure of the gene encoding this protein to facilitate future genetic studies on the function of hsp21 in the heat shock response. hsp21 is encoded in ... | 1993 | 8391109 |
| high-frequency germinal transposition of dsals in arabidopsis. | we have established an efficient transposontagging system in arabidopsis thaliana using the activator/dissociation (ac/ds) elements from maize. this system consists of two components, a stable trans-activator, acst, that supplies transposase, and a cis-responsive ds element. ds and acst were constructed with different selectable and screenable markers to facilitate monitoring of ds excisions and insertions as well as segregation of ds and acst. fusions of the 35s, rbcs, or chs promoters to ac tr ... | 1993 | 8392193 |
| factors affecting the excision frequency of the maize transposable element ds in arabidopsis thaliana. | a two-element transposon system based on the maize elements ac and ds is currently being used for insertional mutagenesis in arabidopsis. with the aim of making this system as efficient as possible we have continued to analyse several parameters which affect ds activity in arabidopsis. the influence of genomic position on ds excision has been analysed in five lines carrying ds integrated in different genomic locations. differences in both somatic and germinal excision were observed between the d ... | 1993 | 8393513 |
| two putative protein kinases from arabidopsis thaliana contain highly acidic domains. | two cdna clones (ask1 and ask2) for plant protein kinases were cloned from arabidopsis thaliana by screening cdna libraries with a degenerate oligonucleotide probe that corresponds to a highly conserved motif among protein kinases. sequence analysis shows that the clones contain open reading frames that encode 41.2 kda (ask1) and 40.1 kda (ask2) proteins, respectively. these coding regions contain all the conserved motifs of protein kinases. structural analysis of the coding regions revealed tha ... | 1993 | 8393717 |
| sequence of a leishmania major gene encoding an ubiquitin fusion protein. | a gene encoding an ubiquitin-tail protein fusion was isolated from the parasitic protozoan, leishmania major, and sequenced. the l. major tail protein shares 97, 96, 67, 62, 62 and 61% sequence identity with the tail proteins of trypanosoma brucei, trypanosoma cruzi, yeast, dictyostelium discoideum, human, and arabidopsis thaliana, respectively. the putative 'zinc finger' nucleic acid-binding domain found in all ubiquitin 'tail' or 'extension' proteins described is also conserved in the l. major ... | 1993 | 8396548 |
| transposition pattern of the maize element ds in arabidopsis thaliana. | as part of establishing an efficient transposon tagging system in arabidopsis using the maize elements ac and ds, we have analyzed the inheritance and pattern of ds transposition in four independent arabidopsis transformants. a low proportion (33%) of plants inheriting the marker used to monitor excision contained a transposed ds. selection for the transposed ds increased this to at least 49%. overall, 68% of ds transpositions inherited with the excision marker were to genetically linked sites; ... | 1993 | 8397137 |
| arabidopsis mutations at the rps2 locus result in loss of resistance to pseudomonas syringae strains expressing the avirulence gene avrrpt2. | we isolated and characterized two arabidopsis thaliana mutants that fail to mount a hypersensitive defense response (hr) when infiltrated with phytopathogenic pseudomonas strains carrying the avirulence (avr) gene avrrpt2 but still mount an hr when infiltrated with strains carrying other avr genes. one of these mutants was isolated using a method we developed that enriches for arabidopsis seedlings that survive vacuum-infiltration with a bacterial strain carrying an avr gene. genetic analysis sh ... | 1993 | 8400373 |
| gametophytic and sporophytic expression of an anther-specific arabidopsis thaliana gene. | genomic and cdna clones of the anther-specific apg gene from arabidopsis thaliana and brassica napus, which encodes a novel proline-rich protein, were isolated and characterized. southern blotting and northern analysis of male fertile and cytoplasmic male sterile varieties of b. napus showed that the apg gene is present as a single copy in the arabidopsis genome, and that the b. napus apg gene is a member of a small anther-specific gene family. analysis of developmentally staged b. napus flower ... | 1993 | 8401599 |
| promoter and leader regions involved in the expression of the arabidopsis ferredoxin a gene. | ferredoxin is a nuclear-encoded protein that is involved in a variety of electron transfer reactions in both photosynthetic and non-photosynthetic plastids. we show here that the expression of the ferredoxin a gene (feda) in arabidopsis thaliana is light-regulated, with its mrna level increased 4.5-fold by transfer of dark-grown seedlings to white light for 3 h. a portion of this light regulation is mediated by phytochrome through a very low fluence type of response. in addition, it is likely th ... | 1993 | 8401602 |
| mobility of the maize transposable element en/spm in arabidopsis thaliana. | the autonomous element en-1 of the maize en/spm transposable element system is capable of frequent somatic and germinal excision in the heterologous host arabidopsis thaliana. the pattern of en-homologous transcripts generated in transgenic arabidopsis resembles en transcription in maize. an excision reporter construct based on npt-ii gene (pken2) can be used reliably for the isolation of en-1 germinal revertants by seed germination on kanamycin-containing medium. re-insertion after germinal exc ... | 1993 | 8401610 |
| light-regulated expression of the arabidopsis thaliana ferredoxin a gene involves both transcriptional and post-transcriptional processes. | ferredoxin is part of the photosynthetic apparatus of the chloroplast and is encoded in the nucleus. in arabidopsis thaliana expression of the ferredoxin a gene is influenced by both the presence of chloroplasts and light. tobacco plants transformed with a ferredoxin promoter-gus fusion gene showed a tissue-specific and light-dependent expression pattern. the effect of light on the expression of the fusion gene in transgenic seedlings was only two- to fourfold, which is less pronounced than the ... | 1993 | 8401612 |
| sequence of a cdna encoding wheat eukaryotic protein synthesis initiation factor 4a. | a cdna encoding wheat translation initiation factor 4a (eif-4a) was isolated from a wheat cdna library and sequenced. the deduced wheat eif-4a amino acid sequence from the cdna is compared to eif-4a from arabidopsis thaliana, tobacco, mouse and saccharomyces cerevisiae. putative rna helicase motifs, and putative atp-binding and hydrolysis sites are identified. | 1993 | 8406026 |
| an aspartic proteinase present in seeds cleaves arabidopsis 2 s albumin precursors in vitro. | the arabidopsis thaliana 2 s albumins are examples of vacuolar proteins which undergo intensive posttranslational processing. an in vitro processing assay to screen for processing enzymes present in seeds was developed using an in vitro synthesized 2 s albumin precursor as the substrate. a protease was characterized which cleaved the substrate into two fragments with molecular weights (as determined from their migration distance on sds-polyacrylamide gel) corresponding to those of the small and ... | 1993 | 8407921 |
| characterization of a chloroplast homologue of the 54-kda subunit of the signal recognition particle. | proteins and rnas homologous to components of the eukaryotic signal recognition particle (srp) have been identified in a number of prokaryotic organisms. here we report the isolation of an arabidopsis thaliana cdna, ffc (fifty-four chloroplast homologue), that encodes a chloroplast protein (54cp) homologous to the 54-kda subunit of the signal recognition particle. 54cp shares 27% identity with mammalian srp54 and 44% identity with the escherichia coli ffh gene product suggesting a prokaryotic or ... | 1993 | 8408079 |
| structural characterization of the early indoleacetic acid-inducible genes, ps-iaa4/5 and ps-iaa6, of pea (pisum sativum l.). | two early auxin-inducible genes (ps-iaa4/5 and psiaa6) from pea were cloned using previously isolated complementary dna sequences. they are present in single copy per haploid genome, and are members of a large divergent multigene family that encodes similar proteins. the genes were structurally characterized and sequence analysis of their 5'-flanking regions revealed the presence of several highly conserved sequences found in various auxin-regulated genes from other plant species. their coding r ... | 1993 | 8411182 |
| promiscuous germination and growth of wildtype pollen from arabidopsis and related species on the shoot of the arabidopsis mutant, fiddlehead. | when pollen lands upon the stigmatic surface of a receptive flower, recognition events take place that permit germination, pollen tube growth, and tube penetration into the cell walls of the stigmatic papillae. previously, we have described a mutant of arabidopsis thaliana, named fiddlehead (fdh), where noncarpel organs of the shoot fuse late in ontogeny (lolle et al., 1992). here we demonstrate that wildtype arabidopsis pollen grows on noncarpel organs of the fdh mutant. pollen grains adhere, g ... | 1993 | 8416837 |
| characterization of the rickettsia prowazekii pepa gene encoding leucine aminopeptidase. | the pepa gene, encoding a protein with leucine aminopeptidase activity, was isolated from rickettsia prowazekii, an obligate intracellular parasitic bacterium. nucleotide sequence analysis revealed an open reading frame of 1,502 bp that would encode a protein of 499 amino acids with a calculated molecular weight of 53,892, a size comparable to that of the protein produced in escherichia coli minicells containing the rickettsial gene. also, heat-stable leucine aminopeptidase activity was demonstr ... | 1993 | 8416891 |
| cdna cloning and expression of an arabidopsis gtp-binding protein of the arf family. | a cdna clone encoding a small gtp-binding protein, the adp-ribosylation factor (arf) was isolated from a cdna library of arabidopsis thaliana cultured cells. the predicted amino acid sequence was highly homologous to the known yeast, bovine and human arf sequences. southern analysis of arabidopsis genomic dna suggested the existence of at least two copies of arf genes. the level of arf mrna was found to be nearly constant during all cell growth stages in suspension cultures. | 1993 | 8420798 |
| genomic dna structure of a gene encoding cytosolic ascorbate peroxidase from arabidopsis thaliana. | a genomic dna clone encoding cytosolic ascorbate peroxidase was isolated from a genomic library of arabidopsis thaliana, using a cdna for the enzyme as a probe. nucleotide sequence and primer extension analyses of this gene (apx1) revealed nine exons split by eight introns, one of which is inserted in the 5'-untranslated region. the exon/intron organization of the apx1 gene differs from that of the guaiacol peroxidase genes. | 1993 | 8422923 |
| examination of the role of tyrosine-174 in the catalytic mechanism of the arabidopsis thaliana chitinase: comparison of variant chitinases generated by site-directed mutagenesis and expressed in insect cells using baculovirus vectors. | using the catalytic mechanism of lysozyme as a paradigm for the mechanism of other enzymes that catalyze the hydrolysis of beta-1,4-glycosidic linkages, including chitinase, we have examined the effect of chemical modification with 1-ethyl-3-(3-dimethylaminopropyl)-carbodiimide (edc) on the reaction catalyzed by zea mays chitinase. inactivation with edc did not result in derivatization of essential carboxylic acid residues, but resulted in the selective modification of a single essential tyrosin ... | 1993 | 8424656 |
| molecular cloning and characterization of anther-preferential cdna encoding a putative actin-depolymerizing factor. | a cdna clone, lmp131a, which is preferentially expressed in mature anther was isolated from a lily cdna library. northern blot analysis and plaque hybridization experiments showed that the lmp131a mrna is present at ca. 0.3% of the mrna in mature pollen and is not detectable in carpel, petal, floral bud, leaf, or root. the clone contains an open reading frame of 139 amino acid residues which shows greater than 40% sequence identity in a 91 amino acid overlap to animal actin-depolymerizing factor ... | 1993 | 8425049 |
| isolation of putative defense-related genes from arabidopsis thaliana and expression in fungal elicitor-treated cells. | numerous arabidopsis genes have been cloned that correspond to putative pathogen defense-related genes identified in parsley (petroselinum crispum). treatment of arabidopsis cells with fungal elicitor leads to rapid accumulation of the respective mrnas with time courses comparable to those observed for their counterparts in parsley. evolutionary sequence conservation of many of these genes in several plant species suggests they code for important plant functions. | 1993 | 8425063 |
| purification, complete amino acid sequence and structural characterization of the heat-stable sweet protein, mabinlin ii. | a new sweet protein, named mabinlin ii, was extracted with 0.5 m nacl solution from the seeds of capparis masaikai lévl. and purified by ammonium sulfate fractionation, carboxymethylcellulose-sepharose ion-exchange chromatography and gel filtration. the sweetness of mabinlin ii was unchanged by at least 48 h incubation at nearly boiling temperature. purified mabinlin ii thus obtained gave a single band having a molecular mass of 14 kda on sds/page. in the presence of dithiothreitol, mabinlin ii ... | 1993 | 8425538 |
| complementation in situ of the yeast plasma membrane h(+)-atpase gene pma1 by an h(+)-atpase gene from a heterologous species. | in plants and fungi, the transport of solutes across the plasma membrane (pm) is driven by a proton pump (h(+)-atpase) that produces an electric potential and a ph gradient. we expressed aha2, a member of the arabidopsis thaliana pm h(+)-atpase gene family, in yeast cells in which transcription of the endogenous pm h(+)-atpase gene (pma1) had been turned off. aha2 was expressed mainly in intracellular membranes and only supported very slow growth of transformed yeast cells. removal of the last 9 ... | 1993 | 8425607 |
| cloning of the beta-amylase gene from bacillus cereus and characteristics of the primary structure of the enzyme. | the gene encoding the beta-amylase of bacillus cereus bq10-s1 (spoii) was cloned into escherichia coli jm 109. a sequenced dna fragment of 2,001 bp contains the beta-amylase gene. the n-terminal sequences (avngkg mnpdykaylmaplkki), the c-terminal sequences (shtssw), and the amino acid sequences of the five regions in the beta-amylase molecules were determined. the mature beta-amylase contains 514 amino acid residues with a molecular mass of 57,885 da. the amino acid sequence homology with those ... | 1993 | 8434930 |
| characterization of the expression of a desiccation-responsive rd29 gene of arabidopsis thaliana and analysis of its promoter in transgenic plants. | we characterized the expression of genes that correspond to a cdna clone, rd29, which is induced by desiccation, cold and high-salt conditions in arabidopsis thaliana. northern analysis of desiccation-induced expression revealed a two-step induction process. early induction occurs within 20 min and secondary induction occurs 3 h after the start of desiccation. exogenous abscisic acid (aba) induces rd29 mrna within 3 h. two genes corresponding to rd29, rd29a and rd29b, are located in tandem in an ... | 1993 | 8437577 |
| an adenine nucleotide translocator gene from arabidopsis thaliana. | the sequence of an adenine nucleotide translocator (ant) gene of arabidopsis contains three introns, the first of which is located upstream of the assumed initiation codon. the presequence characteristic for plant ants is processed also in arabidopsis as suggested by western blot analysis, most likely at the conserved cleavage site. | 1993 | 8439563 |
| the expression of a rab-related gene, rab 18, is induced by abscisic acid during the cold acclimation process of arabidopsis thaliana (l.) heynh. | 1993 | 8443352 | |
| cloning and characterization of a plant gene encoding a protein kinase. | the cloning and sequence analysis of a gene that encodes a homologue of protein kinase (pk) from arabidopsis thaliana is reported. we screened a genomic dna library of a. thaliana using as probes oligodeoxyribonucleotides or fragments from the polymerase chain reaction that correspond to conserved regions in the catalytic domains of various pks. one genomic clone, named atpk5, was sequenced and analyzed. transcripts of the corresponding gene, atpk5, were detected in root, leaf and flower tissues ... | 1993 | 8444349 |
| differential expression of two related, low-temperature-induced genes in arabidopsis thaliana (l.) heynh. | plant cold acclimation is correlated to expression of low-temperature-induced (lti) genes. by using a previously characterized lti cdna clone as a probe we isolated a genomic fragment that carried two closely located lti genes of arabidopsis thaliana. the genes were structurally related with the coding regions interrupted by three similarly located short introns and were transcribed in the same direction. the nucleotide sequences of the two genes, lti78 and lti65, predict novel hydrophilic polyp ... | 1993 | 8448363 |
| two cdnas from arabidopsis thaliana encode putative rna binding proteins containing glycine-rich domains. | two related dna sequences encoding small (-17kda) glycine-rich proteins (grps) have been isolated from an arabidopsis thaliana cdna library. atgrp7 and atgrp8 encode proteins with a bipartite structure consisting of an amino-terminal putative rna-binding domain and a carboxyl-terminal domain composed of stretches of glycines and serines with interspersed hydrophilic residues. these cdnas exhibit structural similarity to a class of stress-induced transcripts found in other plant species. the prot ... | 1993 | 8448367 |
| nucleotide sequence and characterization of a cdna encoding the acetohydroxy acid isomeroreductase from arabidopsis thaliana. | the primary structure of acetohydroxy acid isomeroreductase from arabidopsis thaliana was deduced from two overlapping cdna. the full-length cdna sequence predicts an amino acid sequence for the protein precursor of 591 residues including a putative transit peptide of 67 amino acids. comparison of the a. thaliana and spinach acetohydroxy acid isomeroreductases reveals that the sequences are conserved in the mature protein regions, but divergent in the transit peptides and around their putative p ... | 1993 | 8448371 |
| the hat4 gene of arabidopsis encodes a developmental regulator. | the hat4 gene from the plant arabidopsis thaliana encodes a homeo domain protein that contains a leucine zipper motif. homeo domain-leucine zipper (hd-zip) proteins have not been found in animal systems, suggesting that hat4 may define a new family of transcription factors that regulate higher plant development. to explore this possibility, functional studies of hat4 were carried out in yeast and in transgenic plants. point mutants of hat4 isolated in yeast define functionally critical residues ... | 1993 | 8449400 |
| the second largest subunit of rna polymerase ii from arabidopsis thaliana. | 1993 | 8451172 | |
| primary structure and characterization of an arabidopsis thaliana calnexin-like protein. | a cdna clone (pte-83) encoding a protein (cnx1p) related to the microsomal ca(2+)-binding protein, calnexin, was isolated from an arabidopsis thaliana expression library. southern and northern hybridization indicated that cnx1 is a single-copy gene encoding a message of 1900 nucleotides. the open reading frame encodes a polypeptide with 530 amino acids, a molecular mass of 60.5 kda, and overall 48% identity to dog calnexin. both animal calnexin and cnx1p contain a large luminal domain followed b ... | 1993 | 8454626 |
| analysis of naturally occurring late flowering in arabidopsis thaliana. | we have examined the late-flowering behavior of two ecotypes of arabidopsis thaliana, sf-2 and le-0. the late-flowering trait segregates as a single dominant gene in crosses with the early-flowering columbia ecotype. this gene, which we refer to as fla, is located at one end of chromosome 4 between rflp markers 506 and 3843 and is thus distinct from previously mapped genes that affect flowering time. the extreme delay in flowering time caused by the fla gene can be overcome by vernalization in b ... | 1993 | 8455554 |
| semi-constitutive expression of an arabidopsis thaliana alpha-tubulin gene. | in arabidopsis tissues, the pool of tubulin protein is provided by the expression of multiple alpha-tubulin and beta-tubulin genes. previous evidence suggested that the tua2 alpha-tubulin gene was expressed in all organs of mature plants. we now report a more detailed analysis of tua2 expression during plant development. chimeric genes containing tua2 5'-flanking dna fused to the beta-glucuronidase (gus) coding region were used to create transgenic arabidopsis plants. second-generation progeny o ... | 1993 | 8467087 |
| interaction of xanthomonas campestris with arabidopsis thaliana: characterization of a gene from x. c. pv. raphani that confers avirulence to most a. thaliana accessions. | infiltration of leaves of arabidopsis thaliana accession columbia with xanthomonas campestris pathovar campestris leads to bacterial growth and disease symptoms reminiscent of those incited in brassica plants inoculated under the same conditions. a search among a. thaliana accessions for variation in the reaction phenotype to strains of x. campestris pathovars campestris, aberrans, and raphani showed that there were no clear differential responses between plant accessions to the individual bacte ... | 1993 | 8471795 |
| the plant hormone abscisic acid mediates the drought-induced expression but not the seed-specific expression of rd22, a gene responsive to dehydration stress in arabidopsis thaliana. | nine cdna clones, corresponding to genes that are responsive to dehydration (named rd), have been isolated from arabidopsis thaliana. the sequence of a putative protein encoded by one of the rd cdna clones, rd22, exhibits considerable homology to an unidentified seed protein (usp) of vicia faba. northern analysis showed that rd22 mrna is induced by salt stress as well as by water deficit but not by cold or heat stress. rd22 mrna appeared after the application of abscisic acid (aba), an indicatio ... | 1993 | 8479424 |
| two cdnas from the plant arabidopsis thaliana that partially restore recombination proficiency and dna-damage resistance to e. coli mutants lacking recombination-intermediate-resolution activities. | escherichia coli ruvc recg mutants lack ruvc endonuclease, which resolves crossed-strand joint molecules (holliday junctions) formed during homologous recombination into recombinant products, and an activity (recg) thought to partially replace ruvc. they are therefore highly deficient in homologous recombination, and sensitive to uv light and chemical dna-damaging agents, presumably because of inability to tolerate unrepaired dna damage by recombinational mechanisms (lloyd, r.g. (1991) j. bacter ... | 1993 | 8479917 |
| pcr-dependent amplification and sequence characterization of partial cdnas encoding myosin-like proteins in anemia phyllitidis (l.) sw. and arabidopsis thaliana (l.) heynh. | partial cdnas encoding for myosin-like proteins from anemia phyllitidis and arabidopsis thaliana have been isolated using pcr technology. the deduced amino acid sequences show an average similarity up to 62% with known myosin heavy chain genes. from northern blot analysis we were able to estimate that transcripts of ca. 6.1 kb size are expressed in a. phyllitidis. | 1993 | 8490128 |
| identification and characterization of a second plasma membrane h(+)-atpase gene subfamily in nicotiana plumbaginifolia. | a cdna clone was isolated for a fourth pma gene encoding a putative plasma membrane h(+)-atpase of nicotiana plumbaginifolia. the sequence of the predicted 952 residue pma4 polypeptide was compared with those of other known plant pmas, revealing a higher identity with the arabidopsis thaliana proteins (86-89%) than with the other three n. plumbaginifolia pma proteins (80-82%). this supports the view that there are two pma subfamilies which probably arose from a gene duplication predating the sep ... | 1993 | 8490141 |
| identification of a gene family (kat) encoding kinesin-like proteins in arabidopsis thaliana and the characterization of secondary structure of kata. | a gene family, designated kat, has been characterized in arabidopsis thaliana by genomic southern hybridization and nucleotide sequencing analysis. the kat gene family includes at least five members, named kata, katb, katc, katd and kate, whose products share appreciable sequence similarities in their presumptive atp-binding and microtubule-binding motifs with known kinesin-like proteins. the carboxyl-terminal region of the kata protein deduced from the nucleotide sequence of the cdna clone has ... | 1993 | 8492804 |
| abscisic acid-insensitive mutations provide evidence for stage-specific signal pathways regulating expression of an arabidopsis late embryogenesis-abundant (lea) gene. | an arabidopsis homolog of the abscisic acid (aba)-inducible cotton d19 and wheat em genes was cloned and its expression assayed at two developmental stages in wild-type, aba-deficient (aba) and three aba-insensitive (abi) lines of arabidopsis thaliana. expression of this gene was reduced slightly in seeds of aba mutants and approximately ten-fold in abi3 mutants, but seed expression was not decreased in either abi1 or abi2 monogenic mutants. in contrast, the abi1 and abi2 mutants showed a very s ... | 1993 | 8492808 |
| two different em-like genes are expressed in arabidopsis thaliana seeds during maturation. | using a radish cdna probe, we have isolated and characterized two genomic clones from arabidopsis thaliana (gea1 and gea6) encoding two different proteins that are homologous to the "early methionine-labelled" (em) protein of wheat. gea1 differs from gea6 and em clones of wheat in that a sequence coding for 20 amino acid residues is tandemly repeated 4 times. these two genomic clones correspond to two genes named atem1 and atem6. sequencing of several cdna clones showed that both genes are expre ... | 1993 | 8492809 |
| modular organization and development activity of an arabidopsis thaliana ef-1 alpha gene promoter. | the activity of the arabidopsis thalana a1 ef-1 alpha gene promoter was analyzed in transgenic arabidopsis plants. the 5' upstream sequence of the a1 gene and several promoter deletions were fused to the beta-glucuronidase (gus) coding region. promoter activity was monitored by quantitative and histochemical assays of gus activity. the results show that the a1 promoter exhibits a modular organization. sequences both upstream and downstream relative to the transcription initiation site are involv ... | 1993 | 8492811 |
| the cowpea mosaic virus m rna-encoded 48-kilodalton protein is responsible for induction of tubular structures in protoplasts. | tubular structures extending from plasmodesmata in cowpea mosaic virus (cpmv)-infected tissue have been implicated to play an important role in cell-to-cell movement of this virus. using a cauliflower mosaic virus 35s promoter-based transient expression vector, we show that expression of only the cpmv m rna-encoded 48-kda protein (48k protein) in cowpea protoplasts is sufficient to induce these structures. strikingly, expression of the 48k protein in protoplasts from a number of nonhost plant sp ... | 1993 | 8497075 |
| cloning and sequencing of the genes coding for the a and b subunits of vacuolar-type na(+)-atpase from enterococcus hirae. coexistence of vacuolar- and f0f1-type atpases in one bacterial cell. | the eubacterium enterococcus hirae atcc 9790 possesses a h(+)-translocating atpase, and the deduced amino acid sequences of the genes coding for this enzyme have indicated that it is a typical f0f1-type atpase (shibata, c., ehara, t., tomura, k., igarashi, k., and kobayashi, h. (1992) j. bacteriol. 174, 6117-6124). we cloned the ntpa and ntpb genes coding for the a and b subunits, respectively, of na(+)-translocating atpase from the same bacterium, and the full amino acid sequences of the two su ... | 1993 | 8505293 |
| rns2: a senescence-associated rnase of arabidopsis that diverged from the s-rnases before speciation. | several self-compatible species of higher plants, such as arabidopsis thaliana, have recently been found to contain s-like rnases. these s-like rnases are homologous to the s-rnases that have been hypothesized to control self-incompatibility in solanaceous species. however, the relationship of the s-like rnases to the s-rnases is unknown, and their roles in self-compatible plants are not understood. to address these questions, we have investigated the rns2 gene, which encodes an s-like rnase (rn ... | 1993 | 8506358 |
| the vacuolar membrane protein gamma-tip creates water specific channels in xenopus oocytes. | the vacuolar membrane (tonoplast) of higher plant cells contains an abundant 27 kda protein called tip (tonoplast intrinsic protein) that occurs in different isoforms and belongs to a large family of homologous channel-like proteins found in bacteria, plants and animals. in the present study, we identified and characterized the function of gamma-tip from arabidopsis thaliana by expression of the protein in xenopus oocytes. gamma-tip increased the osmotic water permeability of oocytes 6- to 8-fol ... | 1993 | 8508761 |
| identification and characterization of a chlorate-resistant mutant of arabidopsis thaliana with mutations in both nitrate reductase structural genes nia1 and nia2. | mutant plants defective in the assimilation of nitrate can be selected by their resistance to the herbicide chlorate. in arabidopsis thaliana, mutations at any one of nine distinct loci confer chlorate resistance. only one of the chl genes, chl3, has been shown genetically to be a nitrate reductase (nr) structural gene (nia2) even though two nr genes (nia1 and nia2) have been cloned from the arabidopsis genome. plants in which the nia2 gene has been deleted retain only 10% of the wild-type shoot ... | 1993 | 8510658 |
| haploid and diploid expression of a brassica campestris anther-specific gene promoter in arabidopsis and tobacco. | the anther-specific cdna clone bcp1 from brassica campestris is expressed in both the haploid pollen and diploid tapetum, as shown by in situ hybridization. we have isolated bgp1, a genomic clone homologous to bcp1. the coding region and extensive 5' flanking sequences of bgp1 have been sequenced, and the coding region shows 88% identity with bcp1. rna gel blot analysis confirmed the expression of bgp1-specific transcripts in b. campestris pollen. a 767 bp 5' dna fragment was fused to the report ... | 1993 | 8510662 |
| the higher plant arabidopsis thaliana encodes a functional cdc48 homologue which is highly expressed in dividing and expanding cells. | we have identified an arabidopsis thaliana cdc48 gene which, unlike the putative mammalian homologue vasolin-containing protein (vcp), functionally complements saccharomyces cerevisiae cdc48 mutants. cdc48 is an essential gene in s. cerevisiae and genetic studies suggest a role in spindle pole body separation. biochemical studies link vcp function to membrane trafficking and signal transduction. we have described the atcdc48 expression pattern in a multicellular eukaryote; the zones of cell divi ... | 1995 | 8521820 |
| characterisation of an arabidopsis thaliana cdna encoding glutathione synthetase. | an arabidopsis thaliana cdna (atgshs) encoding a protein with high primary sequence identity to cdnas previously isolated from xenopus laevis (42%), schizosaccharomyces pombe (40%), rattus norvegicus (40%) and homo sapiens (37%) encoding glutathione synthetase (ec 6.3.2.3) has been isolated by functional complementation of an escherichia coli mutant deficient in this enzyme. atgshs is encoded by a single gene, gshb, as determined by southern blot analysis and the corresponding mrna is abundant i ... | 1995 | 8521973 |
| construction of a cdna library for a specific region of a chromosome using a novel cdna selection method utilizing latex particles. | a novel method is described for the rapid concentration of particular cdnas and their mapping to specific regions of a genome. the strategy for 'cdna scanning' is based on the hybridization of an entire library of cdnas to a large fragment of genomic dna that is covalently bound to latex particles. the hybridized cdnas are eluted, amplified by pcr and cloned into a lambda vector. selected cdnas that hybridized to the genomic dna are cloned, with subsequent sequence analysis. region-specific dna ... | 1995 | 8522170 |
| arabidopsis mutants deficient in t-dna integration. | arabidopsis thaliana mutants originally isolated as hypersensitive to irradiation were screened for the ability to be transformed by agrobacterium transferred dna (t-dna). one of four uv-hypersensitive mutants and one of two gamma-hypersensitive mutants tested showed a significant reduction in the frequency of stable transformants compared with radioresistant controls. in a transient assay for t-dna transfer independent of genomic integration, both mutant lines took up and expressed t-dna as eff ... | 1995 | 8524849 |
| ethylene-binding sites generated in yeast expressing the arabidopsis etr1 gene. | mutations in the etr1 gene of arabidopsis thaliana confer insensitivity to ethylene, which indicates a role for the gene product in ethylene signal transduction. saturable binding sites for [14c]ethylene were detected in transgenic yeast expressing the etr1 protein, whereas control yeast lacking etr1 showed no detectable ethylene binding. yeast expressing a mutant form of etr1 (etr1-1) also showed no detectable ethylene binding, which provides an explanation for the ethylene-insensitive phenotyp ... | 1995 | 8525372 |
| mutations throughout an arabidopsis blue-light photoreceptor impair blue-light-responsive anthocyanin accumulation and inhibition of hypocotyl elongation. | this paper reports the characterization of novel mutations within the arabidopsis thaliana hy4 gene, which has previously been shown to encode a protein (cry1) with characteristics of a blue-light photoreceptor. several point mutations were identified within the amino-terminal domain of cry1--this region of cry1 has high homology to photolyase and is likely to be involved in blue-light-mediated electron transfer. mutations were found within the region of homology to the known chromophore binding ... | 1995 | 8528277 |
| the minimal ribosomal rna gene promoter of arabidopsis thaliana includes a critical element at the transcription initiation site. | the genes encoding the precursor of 18s, 5.8s and 25s ribosomal rnas are transcribed in the nucleolus by rna polymerase i. unlike rrna gene promoters in animals which differ substantially across species boundaries, plant rrna gene promoters share sequence similarity for several nucleotides upstream and downstream of the transcription start site (+ 1). the conserved sequence consists of a near-consensus tata box, a critical promoter element of most genes transcribed by rna polymerase ii and certa ... | 1995 | 8528280 |
| identification of genes required for pollen-stigma recognition in arabidopsis thaliana. | in higher plants, cell-cell recognition reactions taking place following pollination allow the selective restriction of self-pollination and/or interspecific pollination. many of these systems function by regulating the process of water transfer from the cells found at the stigmatic surface to the individual pollen grain. interspecific pollination studies on the cruciferous weed arabidopsis thaliana revealed only a broad specificity of pollen recognition such that pollen from all tested members ... | 1995 | 8528281 |
| molybdenum co-factor biosynthesis: the arabidopsis thaliana cdna cnx1 encodes a multifunctional two-domain protein homologous to a mammalian neuroprotein, the insect protein cinnamon and three escherichia coli proteins. | the molybdenum co-factor (moco) is an essential part of all eukaryotic molybdoenzymes. it is a molybdopterin and reveals the same principal structure in eubacteria, archaebacteria and eukaryotes. this paper reports the isolation of cnx1, a cdna clone of arabidopsis thaliana which complements the escherichia coli moco mutant moga. the mapping data of this cdna correlate well with the mapping position of the a. thaliana molybdenum co-factor locus chl6. as mutants in chl6 are known to be repairable ... | 1995 | 8528286 |
| the cic library: a large insert yac library for genome mapping in arabidopsis thaliana. | a new arabidopsis thaliana (ecotype columbia) genomic library has been constructed in yeast artificial chromosomes: the cic library (for ceph, inra and cnrs). optimization of plant culture conditions and protoplast preparation allowed the recovery of large amounts of viable protoplasts. mechanical shearing of dna was minimized by isolation of dna from protoplasts embedded in agarose. cloning of large inserts was favored by including two successive size fractionation steps (after partial ecori di ... | 1995 | 8528287 |
| construction of an equalized cdna library from arabidopsis thaliana. | using a kinetic approach, a cdna library composed of almost equal representations of all genes expressed in the aerial parts of 2-week-old arabidopsis was constructed. a cdna was synthesized with an oligo dt primer containing a notl site. a linker containing the nucleotide sequence of sse8387i which recognizes octanucleotides was added at the ends of the synthesized cdna. the cdna was amplified by the polymerase chain reaction (pcr), denatured, and reassociated under modified conditions. thereaf ... | 1995 | 8528288 |
| identification of a family of closely related human ubiquitin conjugating enzymes. | two very closely related human e2 ubiquitin conjugating enzymes, ubfh5b and ubch5c, have been identified. these enzymes are products of distinct genes and are 88-89% identical in amino acid sequence to the recently described human e2, ubch5 (now designated ubch5a), ubch5a-c are homologous to a family of five ubiquitin conjugating enzymes from arabidopsis thaliana, atubc8-12. they are also closely related to saccharomyces cerevisiae scubc4 and scubc5, which are involved in the stress response, an ... | 1995 | 8530467 |
| a 29.425 kb segment on the left arm of yeast chromosome xv contains more than twice as many unknown as known open reading frames. | the nucleotide sequence of a 29.425 kb fragment localized on the left arm of chromosome xv from saccharomyces cerevisiae has been determined. the sequence contains 13 open reading frames (orfs) of which four encode the known genes adh1, coq3, msh2 and rcf4. predictions are made concerning the functions of the unknown orfs. some of the orfs contain sequences similar to expressed sequence tags (est) found in the database made available by tigr. in particular, the highly expressed adh1 gene is repr ... | 1995 | 8533473 |
| athila, a new retroelement from arabidopsis thaliana. | an analysis of arabidopsis thaliana heterochromatic regions allowed the identification of a new family of retroelements called athila. these 10.5 kb elements, representing ca. 0.3% of the genome, present several features of retrotransposons and retroviruses. athila elements are flanked by 1.5 kb long terminal repeats (ltr) that are themselves bounded by 5 bp perfect inverted repeats. these ltrs start and end with the retroviral consensus 5'tg...ca3' nucleotides. a putative trna-binding site and ... | 1995 | 8534844 |
| expression of arabidopsis cytosolic ascorbate peroxidase gene in response to ozone or sulfur dioxide. | the effects of ozone or sulfur dioxide on antioxidant enzymes were investigated in arabidopsis thaliana. plants were fumigated with 0.1-0.15 ppm ozone or sulfur dioxide up to about 1 week in an environment-controlled chamber. both pollutants increased the activities of ascorbate peroxidase and guaiacol peroxidase in leaves, but had little effect on the activities of superoxide dismutase, catalase, monodehydroascorbate reductase, dehydroascorbate reductase or glutathione reductase. ozone was more ... | 1995 | 8534847 |
| differential accumulation of the transcripts of 22 novel protein kinase genes in arabidopsis thaliana. | 22 novel members of the arabidopsis thaliana protein kinase family (aks) were identified by using degenerate oligonucleotide primers directed to highly conserved amino acid sequences of the protein kinase (pk) catalytic domain. of these 22 genes, 16 turned out to carry intron sequences. homologies of ak sequences were detected to s-locus receptor protein kinases (srks) from brassica spp., to srk-like pks from maize and a. thaliana and to several other receptor pks from a. thaliana. sequence simi ... | 1995 | 8534852 |
| tissue-specific and light-responsive regulation of the promoter region of the arabidopsis thaliana chloroplast omega-3 fatty acid desaturase gene (fad7). | the arabidopsis fad7 gene encodes a chloroplast omega-3 fatty acid desaturase that catalyzes the desaturation of lipid-linked dienoic fatty acids (18:2 and 16:2). an 825 bp fad7 promoter fragment upstream from the transcriptional start point contained several short sequences which were homologous to the cis-elements (box ii, g-box, etc.) conserved in many light-responsive genes. we introduced the fad7 promoter fused to the beta-glucuronidase (gus) or the luciferase (luc) reporter gene into tobac ... | 1995 | 8534855 |
| ectopic expression of the arabidopsis transcriptional activator athb-1 alters leaf cell fate in tobacco. | the arabidopsis thaliana athb-1 is a homeobox gene of unknown function. by analogy with homeobox genes of other organisms, its gene product, athb-1, is most likely a transcription factor involved in developmental processes. we constructed a series of athb-1-derived genes to examine the roles of athb-1 in transcriptional regulation and plant development. athb-1 was found to transactivate a promoter linked to a specific dna binding site by transient expression assays. in transgenic tobacco plants, ... | 1995 | 8535134 |
| arabidopsis mutants lacking phenolic sunscreens exhibit enhanced ultraviolet-b injury and oxidative damage. | we have assessed ultraviolet-b (uv-b)-induced injury in wild-type arabidopsis thaliana and two mutants with altered aromatic secondary product biosynthesis. arabidopsis mutants defective in the ability to synthesize uv-b-absorbing compounds (flavonoids in transparent testa 5 [tt5] and sinapate esters in ferulic acid hydroxylase 1 [fah1]) are more sensitive to uv-b than is the wild-type landsberg erecta. despite its ability to accumulate uv-absorptive flavonoid compounds, the ferulic acid hydroxy ... | 1995 | 8539286 |
| effect of volatile methyl jasmonate on the oxylipin pathway in tobacco, cucumber, and arabidopsis. | the effect of atmospheric methyl jasmonate on the oxylipin pathway was investigated in leaves of tobacco (nicotiana tabacum l.), cucumber (cucumis sativa l.), and arabidopsis thaliana (l.). differential sensitivities of test plants to methyl jasmonate were observed. thus, different concentrations of methyl jasmonate were required for induction of changes in the oxylipin pathway. arabidopsis was the least and cucumber the most sensitive to methyl jasmonate. methyl jasmonate induced the accumulati ... | 1995 | 8539290 |
| comparison of different constitutive and inducible promoters for the overexpression of transgenes in arabidopsis thaliana. | we compared the organ specificity and the strength of different constitutive (camv-35s, camv-35somega, arabidopsis ubiquitin ubq1, and barley leaf thionin bth6 promoter) and one inducible promoter (soybean heat-shock promoter gmhsp17.3) in stably transformed arabidopsis thaliana plants. for this purpose we constructed a set of plant expression vectors equipped with the different promoters. using the uida reporter gene we could show that the camv-35s promoter has the highest expression level whic ... | 1995 | 8541491 |
| molecular cloning, characterization and expression analysis of isoforms encoding tonoplast-bound proton-translocating inorganic pyrophosphatase in tobacco. | the tonoplast-bound proton-translocating inorganic pyrophosphatase (v-type ppase) and the proton atpase (v-type atpase) are electrogenic proton pumps guaranteeing the energization of solute transport across the tonoplast. using an arabidopsis thaliana pcr cdna fragment corresponding to clone atavp3 we have isolated 24 cdna clones encoding tonoplast-bound inorganic pyrophosphatase of tobacco. based on restriction analysis the cdna clones could be grouped into three different classes. the complete ... | 1995 | 8541508 |
| cloning of an arabidopsis thaliana cdna encoding cystathionine beta-lyase by functional complementation in escherichia coli. | cystathionine beta-lyase, the second enzyme involved in the methionine biosynthetic pathway in plants, catalyses the synthesis of homocysteine from cystathionine. a cdna encoding cystathionine beta-lyase was cloned from an arabidopsis thaliana expression library by complementation of an escherichia coli mutant deficient in this enzyme. as deduced from the full-length nucleotide sequence (1.7 kb), the polypeptide contains 464 amino acids and presents a predicted m(r) of 50372. a. thaliana cystath ... | 1995 | 8541513 |
| co-action between phytochrome b and hy4 in arabidopsis thaliana. | a combination of physiological and genetic approaches was used to investigate whether phytochromes and blue light (bl) photoreceptors act in a fully independent manner during photomorphogenesis of arabidopsis thaliana (l.) heynh. wild-type seedlings and phya, phyb and hy4 mutants were daily exposed to 3 h bl terminated with either a red light (r) or a far-red light (fr) pulse. in wild-type and phya-mutant seedlings, bl followed by an r pulse inhibited hypocotyl growth and promoted cotyledon unfo ... | 1995 | 8547813 |
| extension-growth responses and expression of flavonoid biosynthesis genes in the arabidopsis hy4 mutant. | the hy4 mutant of arabidopsis thaliana (l.) heynh. was previously shown to be impaired in the suppression of hypocotyl extension specifically by blue light. we report here that hy4 is altered in a range of blue-light-mediated extension-growth responses in various organs in seedlings and mature plants: it shows greater length of bolted stems, increased petiole extension and increased leaf width and area in blue light compared to the wild type. the hy4 mutant shows decreased cotyledon expansion in ... | 1995 | 8547814 |
| endogenous gibberellin levels influence in-vitro shoot regeneration in arabidopsis thaliana (l.) heynh. | the regeneration of shoot buds from callus cells in vitro is an important technique in modern plant genetic manipulation. whilst it is clear that genetic factors play a major role in determining the ability of callus cells to become organized into regenerating shoot buds, the precise nature of these factors remains unknown. here we show that callus derived from mutants of arabidopsis thaliana which have reduced levels of endogenous bioactive gibberellins (gas), or reduced responsivity to gas, re ... | 1995 | 8547816 |
| acclimation of arabidopsis thaliana to the light environment: changes in photosynthetic function. | arabidopsis thaliana (l.) heynh. cv. landsberg erecta was grown under light regimes of differing spectral qualities, which results in differences in the stoichiometries of the two photosynthetic reaction centres. the acclimative value of these changes was investigated by assessing photosynthetic function in these plants when exposed to two spectrally distinct actinic lights. plants grown in an environment enriched in far-red light were better able to make efficient use of non-saturating levels o ... | 1995 | 8547817 |
| isolation and preliminary characterization of gas1-1, a mutation causing partial suppression of the phenotype conferred by the gibberellin-insensitive (gai) mutation in arabidopsis thaliana (l.) heyhn. | the semi-dominant gai mutation of arabidopsis confers a dark-green dwarf phenotype resembling that of gibberellin (ga)-deficient mutants. in contrast to ga-deficient mutants, gai mutants do not respond to ga treatments and accumulate higher levels of bioactive gas than are found in wild-type controls. the gai mutation thus alters the responses of plant cells to ga, indicating that the gai (wild-type) gene product is involved in ga reception and/or signal transduction. here we describe the isolat ... | 1995 | 8547820 |
| isolation of an ion channel gene from arabidopsis thaliana using the h5 signature sequence from voltage-dependent k+ channels. | a degenerate oligonucleotide corresponding to the k+ channel signature sequence (tmttvgygd) was used to isolate the genomic and cdna forms of a new channel gene, akt3, from arabidopsis thaliana. the deduced protein sequence has a predicted membrane topography similar to shaker-like k+ channels. three distinct modules comprise the carboxyl-terminal half: a nucleotide-binding motif, an ankyrin repeat domain, and a polyglutamate track. xenopus oocytes injected with crna exhibited an inward-rectifyi ... | 1996 | 8549795 |
| inward and outward rectifying potassium currents in saccharomyces cerevisiae mediated by endogenous and heterelogously expressed ion channels. | disruption of genes encoding endogenous transport proteins in saccharomyces cerevisiae has facilitated the recent cloning, by functional expression, of cdnas encoding k+ channels and amino acid transporters from the plant arabidopsis thaliana [1-4]. in the present study, we demonstrate in whole-cell patch clamp experiments that the inability of trk1deltatrk2delta mutants of s. cerevisiae to grow on submillimolar k+ correlates with the lack of k+ inward currents, which are present in wild-type ce ... | 1994 | 8550001 |
| open reading frame 176 in the photosynthesis gene cluster of rhodobacter capsulatus encodes idi, a gene for isopentenyl diphosphate isomerase. | isopentenyl diphosphate (ipp) isomerase catalyzes an essential activation step in the isoprenoid biosynthetic pathway. a database search based on probes from the highly conserved regions in three eukaryotic ipp isomerases revealed substantial similarity with orf176 in the photosynthesis gene cluster in rhodobacter capsulatus. the open reading frame was cloned into an escherichia coli expression vector. the encoded 20-kda protein, which was purified in two steps by ion exchange and hydrophobic in ... | 1996 | 8550491 |