Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year Filter | PMID(sorted ascending) Filter |
|---|
| the ascendancy of amblyomma americanum as a vector of pathogens affecting humans in the united states. | until the 1990s, amblyomma americanum was regarded primarily as a nuisance species, but a tick of minor importance as a vector of zoonotic pathogens affecting humans. with the recent discoveries of ehrlichia chaffeensis, ehrlichia ewingii, and "borrelia lonestari," the public health relevance of lone star ticks is no longer in question. during the next 25 years, the number of cases of human disease caused by a. americanum-associated pathogens will probably increase. based on current trajectories ... | 2003 | 12414740 |
| prevalence of coinfection with francisella tularensis in reservoir animals of borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato. | studies on lyme borreliosis and other tick-borne zoonoses in the austrian and slovakian borderland, a region endemic for tularemia, revealed a relatively high prevalence of infection with borrelia burgdorferi s.l. and francisella tularensis in small terrestrial mammals, as well as in the ticks, during a one-year survey. the occurrence of coinfection with the agents of lyme borreliosis and tularemia was assessed in different species of rodents. | 2002 | 12422587 |
| the genus caedibacter comprises endosymbionts of paramecium spp. related to the rickettsiales (alphaproteobacteria) and to francisella tularensis (gammaproteobacteria). | obligate bacterial endosymbionts of paramecia able to form refractile inclusion bodies (r bodies), thereby conferring a killer trait upon their ciliate hosts, have traditionally been grouped into the genus caedibacter: of the six species described to date, only the paramecium caudatum symbiont caedibacter caryophilus has been phylogenetically characterized by its 16s rrna gene sequence, and it was found to be a member of the alphaproteobacteria related to the rickettsiales: in this study, the ca ... | 2002 | 12450827 |
| structural analysis of francisella tularensis lipopolysaccharide. | the structure of the lipid a and core region of the lipopolysaccharide (lps) from francisella tularensis (atcc 29684) was analysed using nmr, mass spectrometry and chemical methods. the lps contains a beta-glcn-(1-6)-glcn lipid a backbone, but has a number of unusual structural features; it apparently has no substituent at o-1 of the reducing end glcn residue in the lipid part in the major part of the population, no substituents at o-3 and o-4 of beta-glcn, and no substituent at o-4 of the kdo r ... | 2002 | 12473106 |
| nine-analyte detection using an array-based biosensor. | a fluorescence-based multianalyte immunosensor has been developed for simultaneous analysis of multiple samples. while the standard 6 x 6 format of the array sensor has been used to analyze six samples for six different analytes, this same format has the potential to allow a single sample to be tested for 36 different agents. the method described herein demonstrates proof of principle that the number of analytes detectable using a single array can be increased simply by using complementary mixtu ... | 2002 | 12498211 |
| survival and growth of francisella tularensis in acanthamoeba castellanii. | francisella tularensis is a highly infectious, facultative intracellular bacterium which causes epidemics of tularemia in both humans and mammals at regular intervals. the natural reservoir of the bacterium is largely unknown, although it has been speculated that protozoa may harbor it. to test this hypothesis, acanthamoeba castellanii was cocultured with a strain of f. tularensis engineered to produce green fluorescent protein (gfp) in a nutrient-rich medium. gfp fluorescence within a. castella ... | 2003 | 12514047 |
| discrimination of human pathogenic subspecies of francisella tularensis by using restriction fragment length polymorphism. | we describe the use of two insertion sequence elements (isftu1 and isftu2) in francisella tularensis to type strains by restriction fragment length polymorphism (rflp). the rflp profiles of 17 epidemiologically unrelated isolates were determined and compared. our results showed that rflp profiles can be used to assign f. tularensis strains into five main groups corresponding to strains of f. tularensis subsp. tularensis, f. tularensis strain atcc 6223, strains of f. tularensis subsp. holarctica, ... | 2003 | 12517824 |
| serologic survey for viral and bacterial infections in western populations of canada lynx (lynx canadensis). | a serologic survey for exposure to pathogens in canada lynx (lynx canadensis) in western north america was conducted. samples from 215 lynx from six study areas were tested for antibodies to feline parvovirus (fpv), feline coronavirus, canine distemper virus, feline calicivirus, feline herpesvirus, yersinia pestis, and francisella tularensis. a subset of samples was tested for feline immunodeficiency virus; all were negative. for all other pathogens, evidence for exposure was found in at least o ... | 2002 | 12528455 |
| francisella tularensis inhibits toll-like receptor-mediated activation of intracellular signalling and secretion of tnf-alpha and il-1 from murine macrophages. | microbial ligands, including lipopolysaccharide (lps) and bacterial lipoproteins, activate toll-like receptors (tlr) of mononuclear phagocytes, thereby inducing proinflammatory cytokines and antimicrobial activity. we show that francisella tularensis, an intracellular pathogen, is capable of inhibiting this macrophage response. infection with the live vaccine strain f. tularensis lvs rendered cells of the murine macrophage-like cell line j774a.1 incapable of secreting tnf-alpha or il-1beta and m ... | 2003 | 12542469 |
| detection of francisella tularensis within infected mouse tissues by using a hand-held pcr thermocycler. | the diagnosis of human cases of tularemia often relies upon the demonstration of an antibody response to francisella tularensis or the direct culturing of the bacteria from the patient. antibody response is not detectable until 2 weeks or more after infection, and culturing requires special media and suspicion of tularemia. in addition, handling live francisella poses a risk to laboratory personnel due to the highly infectious nature of this pathogen. in an effort to develop a rapid diagnostic a ... | 2003 | 12574268 |
| fatal infection caused by francisella tularensisin a neutropenic bone marrow transplant recipient. | francisella tularensis is one of the most infectious pathogenic bacteria known. even though immunity against this organism is thought to be primarily t cell mediated, some evidence suggests that neutrophils may also play an important protective role. we report a case of tularemia in a neutropenic bone marrow transplant recipient that sheds light on the importance of neutrophils in protection against this infection and review clinical aspects of this fascinating infection emphasizing areas of int ... | 2003 | 12574964 |
| [tularemia ("rabbit plague")]. | 2003 | 12596770 | |
| [prevalence of antibodies against francisella tularensis in castilla y león (spain) before 1997]. | the aim of this paper was determine the prevalence of antibodies against francisella tularensis in the representative sample of people from castilla-león (spain) before epidemic outbreak of end 1997. | 2003 | 12605730 |
| tularaemia. | tularaemia is a zoonotic bacterial disease of the northern hemisphere. the causative agent, francisella tularensis, is spread to humans by direct contact with infected rodents or lagomorphs, aerogenic exposure, ingestion of contaminated food or water, or by arthropod bites. the prevalence of tularaemia shows a wide geographic variation. in some endemic regions, outbreaks occur frequently, whereas nearby rural parts of a country may be completely free. f. tularensis is a facultative intracellular ... | 2003 | 12608453 |
| virulence determinants and protective antigens of francisella tularensis. | very little is known about virulence mechanisms of the highly virulent bacterium francisella tularensis. specific genetic features of f. tularensis have been obstacles for the development of effective tools for genetic manipulation. however, recent genomic sequencing and large-scale proteomic work have resulted in a substantial increase in the knowledge of f. tularensis. there is also a paucity of information on potential vaccine candidates. recent work assessing the protective efficacy of the f ... | 2003 | 12615222 |
| mice intradermally-inoculated with the intact lipopolysaccharide, but not the lipid a or o-chain, from francisella tularensis lvs rapidly acquire varying degrees of enhanced resistance against systemic or aerogenic challenge with virulent strains of the pathogen. | the present study examines the relationship between the structure and important biological effects of the lipopolysaccharide (lps) of the intracellular bacterial pathogen, francisella tularensis lvs. it shows that treating mice with sub-immunogenic amounts of intact f. tularensis lps rapidly induces an enhanced resistance to intradermal or aerogenic challenge with strains of the pathogen of varying virulence. however, neither the free lipid a nor core-o-chain produced by mild acid hydrolysis of ... | 2003 | 12620383 |
| serologic evidence of human infection by francisella tularensis in the population of castilla y león (spain) prior to 1997. | prior to an outbreak in castilla y león in december 1997, tularaemia was practically non-existent in spain. in this paper we studied the prevalence of antibodies against francisella tularensis in a representative sample of the population (4825 people) from castilla y león (spain) in samples collected before this outbreak. antibodies against f. tularensis were detected in nine (0.19%) of the 4825 sera, with antibody titres ranging from 1/20 to 1/160. of these nine sera, one was positive in seroag ... | 2003 | 12628554 |
| [tularemia in inactive natural foci]. | the data on the epidemiological and epizootological manifestations of tularemia on the territory of the ulyanovsk region are presented. the characteristics describing the process of the of francisella tularensis circulation as well as the environmental objects, most important for the manifestations of tularemia infection, are given. | 2003 | 12630366 |
| tularemia on martha's vineyard: seroprevalence and occupational risk. | we conducted a serosurvey of landscapers to determine if they were at increased risk for exposure to francisella tularensis and to determine risk factors for infection. in martha's vineyard, massachusetts, landscapers (n=132) were tested for anti-f. tularensis antibody and completed a questionnaire. for comparison, serum samples from three groups of nonlandscaper martha's vineyard residents (n=103, 99, and 108) were tested. twelve landscapers (9.1%) were seropositive, compared with one person to ... | 2003 | 12643831 |
| will the enigma of francisella tularensis virulence soon be solved? | francisella tularensis is one of the most infectious bacterial pathogens known and is the causative agent of the zoonotic disease tularemia. in spite of the importance of this pathogen little is known about its virulence mechanisms. however, it is clear that the bacterium is an intracellular pathogen, replicating mainly in macrophages, with replication in amoebae also having been reported. the genome sequence of a high virulence strain of f. tularensis is close to completion and when available, ... | 2003 | 12648943 |
| innate and adaptive immune responses to an intracellular bacterium, francisella tularensis live vaccine strain. | the immune response to intracellular bacterium, francisella tularensis, which causes tularemia and is proposed to be a potential bioterrorism pathogen, has been studied in mice using the attenuated live vaccine strain (lvs). here we review this infection model, which provides a convenient means of studying protective immune mechanisms not only for francisella, but also for the large and important class of intracellular pathogens. | 2003 | 12650771 |
| capillary electrophoresis and fluorescence studies on molecular beacon-based variable length oligonucleotide target discrimination. | molecular beacons (mbs) are oligonucleotide probes having a compact hairpin structure, with a fluorophore attached to one end and a quencher molecule attached to the other end. in its native state, the fluorophore is quenched by virtue of its proximity to the quencher molecule. upon hybridization with its complementary oligonucleotide target, fluorescence is elicited due to a conformational change that results in separation of the fluorophore and quencher molecule. the present study describes th ... | 2003 | 12652574 |
| tick salivary gland extract accelerates proliferation of francisella tularensis in the host. | accelerated proliferation of the tick-borne bacterial pathogen francisella tularensis was demonstrated in mice when the bacterium was injected together with salivary gland extract from ixodes ricinus ticks. a significant increase in the numbers of bacteria was recorded in the dermal site of infection,the draining lymph nodes, and the spleen. analysis of the expression of cytokine messenger ribonucleic acids showed polarization toward a th2 profile. salivary gland extract-mediated suppression of ... | 2003 | 12659297 |
| towards proteome database of francisella tularensis. | the accessibility of the partial genome sequence of francisella tularensis strain schu 4 was the starting point for a comprehensive proteome analysis of the intracellular pathogen f. tularensis. the main goal of this study is identification of protein candidates of value for the development of diagnostics, therapeutics and vaccines. in this review, the current status of 2-de f. tularensis database building, approaches used for identification of biologically important subsets of f. tularensis pro ... | 2003 | 12659739 |
| molecular evidence for novel tick-associated spotted fever group rickettsiae from thailand. | ticks are of considerable medical and veterinary importance because they directly harm the host through their feeding action and indirectly through vectoring many bacterial pathogens. despite many ticks being known from thailand, very little is known about the bacteria they may harbor. we report here the results of a survey of tick-associated bacteria in thailand. a total of 334 individuals representing 14 species of ticks in five genera were collected from 10 locations in thailand and were exam ... | 2003 | 12693853 |
| [outbreak of tularemia in the republic of dagestan]. | in daghestan in the focus of the flood-plain swamp type 64 persons fell ill with tularemia in 1999. during the epizootological survey 8 francisella tularensis strains were isolated from vectors and carriers and in 7 samples taken from open water reservoirs, as well as in 1 sample obtained from ixodes ticks, tularemia antigen was detected. humans were infected mainly by the transmissive route, as found in 71.8% of patients. 28% of patients were infected through contacts. the disease took mainly a ... | 2001 | 12718181 |
| [germs and toxins in bioterrorism]. | 2003 | 12722194 | |
| [modern possibilities of bioterrorism diagnosis]. | one of the most important components of early detecting and response to biological attack are microbiological diagnostic methods. in order to provide the effectiveness of diagnosis continuous training in detection of potentially dangerous bioterrorist agents is needed. basic information about selected microbiological agents most dangerous for public health, belonging to a and b cdc categories are presented in the article. the most potent biological weapon mentioned in the last decade is anthrax. ... | 2003 | 12728676 |
| [tularemia possibly transmitted by red swamp crayfish]. | 2003 | 12729545 | |
| experimental tularemia in mice challenged by aerosol or intradermally with virulent strains of francisella tularensis: bacteriologic and histopathologic studies. | balb/c and c57bl/6 mice were challenged by aerosol or intradermally with low doses ( approximately 10-20 colony forming units) of virulent type a and type b strains of the facultative intracellular pathogen, francisella tularensis, and the course of infection was monitored. both mouse strains were equally susceptible to infection, but type a strains reached lethal numbers a few days earlier than type b strains regardless of challenge route. balb/c mice showed overt signs of infection for several ... | 2003 | 12732472 |
| tularemia of the head and neck: a possible sign of bioterrorism. | recent bioterror attacks and other world events have focused the medical community's attention on agents that might be used in biological warfare. one of these potential biological weapons is francisella tularensis, a gramnegative coccobacillus that is one of the most infectious bacteria known. f tularensis can cause severe, even fatal, systemic tularemia. under normal circumstances, f tularensis is transmitted by infected ticks, insects, and other animals. as a weapon of terrorism, the bacteriu ... | 2003 | 12735158 |
| francisella novicida lps has greater immunobiological activity in mice than f. tularensis lps, and contributes to f. novicida murine pathogenesis. | to further understand the role of lps in the pathogenesis of francisella infection, we characterized murine infection with f. novicida, and compared immunobiological activities of f. novicida lps and the lps from f. tularensis live vaccine strain (lvs). f. novicida had a lower intradermal ld(50) in balb/cbyj mice than f. tularensis lvs, and mice given a lethal f. novicida dose intraperitoneally died faster than those given the same lethal f. tularensis lvs dose. however, the pattern of in vivo d ... | 2003 | 12737995 |
| a case of primary tularemic pneumonia presenting with necrotizing mediastinal and hilar lymph nodes. | tularemia is an unusual disease caused by the gram-negative coccobacillus francisella tularensis. the clinical features of the disease depend on the route of inoculation. ulceroglandular and typhoidal forms have been recognized as occurring in tularemia, however primary or secondary pneumonic infections have also been reported. symptoms, laboratory markers and radiological features are non-specific in tularemic pneumonia. diagnosis is made on clinical grounds and evidence of elevated agglutinati ... | 2003 | 12741082 |
| a method for allelic replacement in francisella tularensis. | a vector for mutagenesis of francisella tularensis was constructed based on the puc19 plasmid. by inserting the sacb gene of bacillus subtilis, orit of plasmid rp4, and a chloramphenicol resistance gene of shigella flexneri, a vector, ppv, was obtained that allowed specific mutagenesis. a protocol was developed that allowed introduction of the vector into the live vaccine strain, lvs, of f. tularensis by conjugation. as a proof of principle, we aimed to develop a specific mutant defective in exp ... | 2003 | 12770718 |
| rabbit's revenge. | 2003 | 12781506 | |
| francisella tularensis bacteremia. | bacteremia caused by francisella tularensis is rare and has been reported mainly in the united states and infrequently in europe. we report herein the first case of bacteremic f. tularensis pneumonia in an immunocompetent individual in southern europe. | 2003 | 12791928 |
| a vaccine for tularaemia. | francisella tularensis is an intracellular pathogen with a very low infectious dose for humans. several forms of tularaemia occur, which range from a severely debilitating to a fatal disease. diagnosis is difficult due to the generalised, nonspecific nature of symptoms and the difficulty in culturing the slow-growing and nutritionally fastidious pathogen. a live attenuated vaccine strain (lvs) has been used in humans as an investigational new drug and does appear to induce a protective response. ... | 2003 | 12831369 |
| genome-wide dna microarray analysis of francisella tularensis strains demonstrates extensive genetic conservation within the species but identifies regions that are unique to the highly virulent f. tularensis subsp. tularensis. | francisella tularensis is a potent pathogen and a possible bioterrorism agent. little is known, however, to explain the molecular basis for its virulence and the distinct differences in virulence found between the four recognized subspecies, f. tularensis subsp. tularensis, f. tularensis subsp. mediasiatica, f. tularensis subsp. holarctica, and f. tularensis subsp. novicida. we developed a dna microarray based on 1,832 clones from a shotgun library used for sequencing of the highly virulent stra ... | 2003 | 12843022 |
| francisella strains express hemolysins of distinct characteristics. | historically, francisella strains have been described as nonhemolytic. in this study, we show by use of solid and liquid hemolysis assays that some francisella strains have hemolytic properties. the francisella novicida type strain u112 is hemolytic to horse erythrocytes and francisella philomiragia type strain fsc144 is hemolytic towards both human and horse erythrocytes. the f. novicida strain u112 released a protein (novilysin a) into the culture supernatant which cross-reacted with antiserum ... | 2003 | 12855173 |
| genetic diversity of bacterial agents detected in ticks removed from asymptomatic patients in northeastern italy. | a total of 360 ticks were removed from 353 asymptomatic subjects in belluno province, italy and surrounding areas, from 1998 to 2001. ticks were identified as ixodes ricinus (357), ixodes hexagonus (1), rhipicephalus sanguineus (1), and ixodes ventalloi (1). tick dna was investigated by pcr and subsequent sequencing of amplified products to identity associated bacterial agents. primers targeting different genes of rickettsia (glta and ompa), borrelia (16s rdna, rpob), francisella (16s rdna), and ... | 2003 | 12860623 |
| expression cloning and biochemical characterization of a rhizobium leguminosarum lipid a 1-phosphatase. | lipid a of rhizobium leguminosarum, a nitrogen-fixing plant endosymbiont, displays several significant structural differences when compared with escherichia coli. an especially striking feature of r. leguminosarum lipid a is that it lacks both the 1- and 4'-phosphate groups. distinct lipid a phosphatases that attack either the 1 or the 4' positions have previously been identified in extracts of r. leguminosarum and rhizobium etli but not sinorhizobium meliloti or e. coli. here we describe the id ... | 2003 | 12869541 |
| delineation of the molecular mechanisms of francisella tularensis-induced apoptosis in murine macrophages. | francisella tularensis is a facultative intracellular bacterium capable of inducing apoptosis in murine macrophages. here we analyzed the pathway leading to apoptosis in the murine macrophage-like cell line j774a.1 after infection with f. tularensis strain lvs (named lvs for live vaccine strain). we obtained evidence that the infection affected the mitochondria of the macrophages, since it induced release of the mitochondrial molecule cytochrome c into the cytosol and changed the potential over ... | 2003 | 12874344 |
| molecular characterization of the sucb gene encoding the immunogenic dihydrolipoamide succinyltransferase protein of bartonella vinsonii subsp. berkhoffii and bartonella quintana. | members of the genus bartonella have historically been connected with human disease, such as cat scratch disease, trench fever, and carrion's disease, and recently have been recognized as emerging pathogens causing other clinical manifestations in humans. however, because little is known about the antigens that elicit antibody production in response to bartonella infections, this project was undertaken to identify and molecularly characterize these immunogens. immunologic screening of a bartonel ... | 2003 | 12874367 |
| tularemia presenting as tonsillopharyngitis and cervical lymphadenitis: a case report and review of the literature. | in this report, we describe a 57-year-old woman with oropharyngeal tularemia who presented with tonsillopharyngitis and cervical lymphadenitis. clinical and radiological manifestations and histopathological characteristics of this disease are discussed with a review of the world literature. the oropharyngeal form of tularemia should be considered in the differential diagnosis of cases involving tonsillopharyngitis and cervical lymphadenitis, particularly in those not responding to penicillin tre ... | 2003 | 12883950 |
| multiple t cell subsets control francisella tularensis lvs intracellular growth without stimulation through macrophage interferon gamma receptors. | a variety of data suggest that in vivo production of interferon (ifn)-gamma is necessary, but not sufficient, for expression of secondary protective immunity against intracellular pathogens. to discover specific ifn-gamma-independent t cell mediated mechanisms, we took advantage of an in vitro culture system that models in vivo immune responses to the intracellular bacterium francisella tularensis live vaccine strain (lvs). lvs-immune lymphocytes specifically controlled 99% of the growth of lvs ... | 2003 | 12885873 |
| [seroepidemiological studies of zoonotic infections in hunters in southeastern austria--prevalences, risk factors, and preventive methods]. | the aim of this study was to investigate the seroprevalences to zoonotic pathogens in hunters, to propose preventive measures and to obtain more information about the occurrence of zoonotic pathogens in local wild animal populations. from 146 male and 3 female hunters originating from the south-eastern austrian federal states of styria and burgenland blood samples were taken and anamnestic data were obtained using a questionnaire. the serological investigations included the following viral, bact ... | 2003 | 12894685 |
| specific antibodies contribute to the host protection against strains of francisella tularensis subspecies holarctica. | t cells are crucial to the control and eradication of the facultative intracellular bacterium francisella tularensis. a contributory role of humoral antibodies in the host defence remains to be assessed. we used b-cell-deficient mice to study the possible contribution of antibodies to the defence against the live vaccine strain (lvs) or a clinical isolate of f. tularensis, both belonging to the subspecies holarctica (type b). when b-cell-deficient (igmu(-/-)) mice of the c57bl/10 background were ... | 2003 | 12901846 |
| characterization of a novicida-like subspecies of francisella tularensis isolated in australia. | francisella tularensis is found throughout the northern hemisphere, where it is associated with the disease of tularaemia in animals and humans. the isolation and identification is reported of a novicida-like subspecies of f. tularensis from a foot wound sustained in brackish water in the northern territory of australia. | 2003 | 12909664 |
| serologic survey for diseases in free-ranging coyotes (canis latrans) from two ecologically distinct areas of utah. | the influence of habitat and associated prey assemblages on the prevalence of canine diseases in coyotes (canis latrans) has received scant attention. from december 1997 through december 1999, we captured 67 coyotes in two ecologically distinct areas of utah (usa): deseret land and livestock ranch and us army dugway proving ground. these areas differ in habitat and prey base. we collected blood samples and tested for evidence of various canine diseases. prevalence of antibodies against canine pa ... | 2003 | 12910777 |
| tularemia in balb/c and c57bl/6 mice vaccinated with francisella tularensis lvs and challenged intradermally, or by aerosol with virulent isolates of the pathogen: protection varies depending on pathogen virulence, route of exposure, and host genetic background. | in order to begin understanding the immunological basis for immunity to tularemia, and to establish a baseline for judging the efficacy of potential novel vaccines, the present study examined the ability of the live vaccine strain of francisella tularensis (f. tularensis) lvs, to elicit immunity in mice against subsequent systemic and aerosol challenge with highly virulent strains of the pathogen. the results show, that infection with lvs protects balb/c mice against systemic challenge with viru ... | 2003 | 12922099 |
| francisella tularensis selectively induces proinflammatory changes in endothelial cells. | naturally acquired infections with francisella tularensis, the bacterial agent of tularemia, occur infrequently in humans. however, the high infectivity and lethality of the organism in humans raise concerns that it might be exploited as a weapon of bioterrorism. despite this potential for illicit use, the pathogenesis of tularemia is not well understood. to examine how f. tularensis interacts with cells of its mammalian hosts, we tested the ability of a live vaccine strain (lvs) to induce proin ... | 2003 | 12928407 |
| [tularemia, a potential bioterrorism weapon]. | a potential weapon: because of its highly contagious nature with a low inoculum, principally with the biovar a, f. tularensis is considered as an agent that could be used by terrorists, notably when sprayed. any epidemic of tularemia, essentially in its respiratory form, particularly in areas of low incidence of this infection, should be suspected to be a biowarfare attack. the voluntary contamination of water with this bacteria could also be used as a biological weapon. the different forms of t ... | 2003 | 12947746 |
| missed sentinel case of naturally occurring pneumonic tularemia outbreak: lessons for detection of bioterrorism. | family physicians are likely to care for patients that have been exposed to diseases associated with bioterrorism. persons with seemingly nondescript initial disease symptoms could be harbingers of a larger outbreak, whether naturally occurring or purposefully created. | 2003 | 12949036 |
| [the role of lipopolysaccharide in toxicity of francisella genus bacteria]. | it was demonstrated that the lipopolysaccharides (lps) preparations, which were isolated from all representatives of francisella genus bacteria, i.e. f. tularensis, f. novicida, f. novicida-like and f. philomiragia by using the method of r.p. darveau, r.e. hancock (1983), were not toxic for white rats and white mice. a comparative study of toxicity of live f. tularensis bacteria (both wild and lps-defective strains) made it possible to establish a direct correlation between the toxicity of micro ... | 2003 | 12966923 |
| identifying and subtyping species of dangerous pathogens by automated ribotyping. | an investigation of dangerous bacterial pathogens was conducted to determine the usefulness of automated rrna operon ribotyping (riboprinter system) to identify species. a total of 26 isolates comprising bacillus anthracis, brucella spp., burkholderia mallei, francisella tularensis, and yersinia pestis were tested using restriction endonucleases ecori, psti, pvuii and asei. the main problem was that the system's database-relying on ecori as restriction enzyme-does not contain the essential dange ... | 2003 | 12967744 |
| characterization of the o antigen gene cluster and structural analysis of the o antigen of francisella tularensis subsp. tularensis. | a gene cluster encoding enzymes involved in lps o antigen biosynthesis was identified from the partial genome sequence of francisella tularensis subsp. tularensis schu s4. all of the genes within the cluster were assigned putative functions based on sequence similarity with genes from o antigen biosynthetic clusters from other bacteria. ten pairs of overlapping primers were designed to amplify the o antigen biosynthetic cluster by pcr from nine strains of f. tularensis. although the gene cluster ... | 2003 | 12972577 |
| the recovery of pasteurella tularensis from natural waters by guinea pig inoculation. | 1952 | 12998365 | |
| reviews in infectious diseases in israel and the near east: tularemia. | 1952 | 13007394 | |
| studies on the immunization of white mice against infections with bacterium tularense. | 1952 | 13011309 | |
| cross-agglutination reactions among brucella, vibrio, and other microorganisms. | 1953 | 13050897 | |
| relation between changes in the stability of pasteurella tularensis suspensions and in its bacterial population. i. the stability of suspensions of pasteurella tularensis in the presence of electrolytes. | 1953 | 13069457 | |
| relation between changes in the stability of pasteurella tularensis suspensions and in its bacterial population. ii. mutual influence between salt-agglutinable and salt-nonagglutinable types. | 1953 | 13069458 | |
| the survival of bacterium tularense in lice and louse feces. | 1954 | 13114603 | |
| in vitro and vivo activities of several kinds of basic antibiotics from streptomyces upon pasteurella tularensis. | 1953 | 13136154 | |
| [characteristics of strains of bacillus tularense isolated during hibernal epidemic in muridae]. | 1954 | 13157594 | |
| [isolation of pasteurella tularensis from the blood of blood-filled ticks ixodes ricinus l]. | 1953 | 13161093 | |
| the anaerobic glucose metabolism of bacterium tularense. | 1954 | 13208294 | |
| studies on the nutrition of pasteurella tularensis. | 1955 | 13242527 | |
| electron microscopically revealed structural elements of bacterium tularense and their in vitro and in vivo role in immunologic reactions. | 1955 | 13242796 | |
| [virulence of strains of pasteurella tularensis isolated by direct culture from mature ticks dermacentor marginatus collected in natural conditions]. | 1955 | 13257821 | |
| studies on tularemia. i. the relation between certain pathogenic and immunogenic properties of variants of pasteurella tularensis. | 1955 | 13263289 | |
| studies on tularemia. ii. the antigenic properties of variants of pasteurella tularensis in various hosts. | 1955 | 13263290 | |
| studies on the physiology of virulence of pasteurella tularensis. i. citrulline ureidase and deamidase activity. | 1955 | 13263296 | |
| virulence of bacterium tularense. i. a study of the virulence of bacterium tularense in mice, guinea pigs, and rabbits. | 1955 | 13263645 | |
| virulence of bacterium tularense. ii. evaluation of criteria of virulence of bacterium tularense. | 1955 | 13263646 | |
| [variability of pasteurella tularensis]. | 1955 | 13281744 | |
| a morphological study of yatobyo bacteria (bacterium tularense). | 1955 | 13291383 | |
| the multiplication of pasteurella tularensis in human body lice. | 1956 | 13302207 | |
| studies on the physiology of virulence of pasteurella tularensis. ii. serine deaminase and transaminase activity. | 1956 | 13306703 | |
| [characteristics of the polysaccharide containing fraction of the pasteurella tularensis]. | 1956 | 13325902 | |
| [evaluation of the effectiveness of various methods for isolation of pasteurella tularensis in experimental tularemia in white mice]. | 1956 | 13325903 | |
| [cultural and biochemical characteristics of pasteurella tularensis]. | 1956 | 13325904 | |
| [bactericidal effect of natural human gastric juice on pasteurella tularensis]. | 1956 | 13325909 | |
| [characteristics of strains of b. tularense cultivated in poland during 1952-53]. | 1956 | 13333679 | |
| [antigen titers of pasteurella tularensis]. | 1955 | 13350883 | |
| [dissemination of pasteurella tularensis in the system of immunized and nonimmunized animals]. | 1956 | 13353670 | |
| [in vivo and in vitro behavior of pasteurella tularensis isolated during the evolution of tularemia in diversely receptive hosts]. | 1955 | 13403366 | |
| survival of pasteurella tularensis in sugar solutions after cooling and warming at sub-zero temperatures. | 1957 | 13416201 | |
| [is pasteurella novicida n. sp. a variation of pasteurella tularensis]. | 1957 | 13425102 | |
| in vitro bactericidal activity of blood for pasteurella tularensis. | 1957 | 13429081 | |
| survival of pasteurella tularensis in gelatin-saline after cooling and warming at subzero temperatures. | 1957 | 13459425 | |
| glutamic acid dehydrogenase of pasteurella tularensis. | 1957 | 13475268 | |
| reduced triphosphopyridine nucleotide oxidase of pasteurella tularensis. | 1957 | 13480993 | |
| [length of preservation of tularemia bacilli on grain and straw]. | 1957 | 13486923 | |
| the geography of food and cooking. | 1957 | 13491131 | |
| [prolonged survival of pasteurella tularensis in frozen carcass]. | 1957 | 13497175 | |
| effect of electrolytes on the uptake by bacteria of labelled glutamate. | 1958 | 13504128 | |
| a microscopic study of pasteurella tularensis in the human body louse. | 1957 | 13504864 | |
| the effect of inorganic ions on respiration in pasteurella tularensis and escherichia coli. | 1958 | 13525641 | |
| the antigenic structure of bacterium tularense. | 1957 | 13525737 |