Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year Filter | PMID(sorted ascending) Filter |
|---|
| multiple interactions between human vitronectin and staphylococcus aureus. | multiple interactions between human vitronectin and staphylococcus aureus strain v8 were observed. an upward-curved scatchard plot indicated both high-affinity binding (kd1 = 7.4 x 10(-10) m) with 260 binding sites per bacterial cell and moderate-affinity binding (kd2 = 7.4 x 10(-8) m) with 5240 copies per cell. negative cooperativity of this binding was characterized by its hill coefficient of less than unity (0.70 +/- 0.08). up to 60% of the vitronectin-bacteria interaction was unaffected by h ... | 1993 | 7694658 |
| the role of il-10 in human b cell activation, proliferation, and differentiation. | recent studies have disclosed variable effects of il-10 on viabilities of human b lineage cells. thus, il-10 has been shown to prevent apoptosis of germinal center b cells, whereas il-10 has been found to induce apoptosis of b-chronic lymphocytic leukemia cells, suggesting the possibility that the effects of il-10 might be different depending on the state of activation of b cells. the current studies therefore examined in detail the regulation of the survival of human peripheral blood b cells by ... | 1995 | 7722292 |
| internalization of staphylococcus aureus by endothelial cells induces cytokine gene expression. | the ability of the vascular endothelium to elaborate cytokines in response to gram-positive sepsis has received limited attention. this study examined cytokine expression by human umbilical vein endothelial cells (ec) following infection with a gram-positive bacterial pathogen, staphylococcus aureus. s. aureus infection of ec resulted in the production of interleukin-6 (il-6) and il-1 beta. for il-6, message was detected at 3 h after infection, protein was present at 24 h, and both message and p ... | 1995 | 7729892 |
| imaging the spatial distribution of membrane receptors during neutrophil phagocytosis. | optical microscopy and image processing have been employed to study the distribution of several cell surface receptors on living human neutrophils during opsonin-dependent and opsonin-independent phagocytosis. receptors were labeled using fluorescein-, rhodamine-, or amca-conjugated f(ab')2 fragments of anti-fc gamma riiib (cd16), anti-cr3 (cd11b/cd18), and anti-upar (urokinase-type plasminogen activator receptor) antibodies, intact phycoerythrin-labeled interleukin 8, and fluorescein- or rhodam ... | 1994 | 7734243 |
| involvement of protease inhibitors in staphylokinase-induced fibrin-specific fibrinolysis. | we compared the fibrinolytic properties of recombinant staphylokinase (sak), a fibrin-specific plasminogen activator, with those of streptokinase and tissue-type plasminogen activator (t-pa) by means of the amidolytic method. we also investigated the involvement of alpha 2-macroglobulin, c1-inactivator and alpha 1-antitrypsin in sak-induced fibrin-specific fibrinolysis. both sak and t-pa activated plasminogen efficiently in the presence of fibrin in human plasma. although t-pa activated plasmino ... | 1994 | 7735201 |
| [organ culture preservation of the human cornea at +31 degrees c and risk of infection]. | in order to reduce the risk of infection, we analyzed each stage of conservation of human cornea in organ culture at +31 degrees c. | 1995 | 7738301 |
| pathogenicity of the streptococcus milleri group in pulmonary infections--effect on phagocytic killing by human polymorphonuclear neutrophils. | the pathogenicity of streptococcus constellatus in pulmonary infections was investigated in mice in correlation with the phagocytic killing of the microorganisms by human polymorphonuclear neutrophils (pmns). the histological inflammation score of the lungs in mice inoculated intratracheally with 10(8) cfu/mouse of the virulent strain s. constellatus rzyk001 obtained from bronchoalveolar fluid of a patient with pneumonia, was significantly higher than in mice inoculated with the avirulent strain ... | 1995 | 7745309 |
| immunomodulatory effects of extracellular secretory vesicles isolated from bovine semen. | we demonstrate that extracellular secretory vesicles isolated from bovine seminal plasma have immunomodulatory properties. they inhibit mitogen induced proliferation of bovine and human peripheral blood lymphocytes in a dose dependent fashion. they also inhibit phagocytosis of latex particles by bovine neutrophils. phagocytosis of opsonised staphylococcus aureus however was not affected. furthermore phorbol ester and chemotactic peptide induced superoxide production was decreased especially when ... | 1995 | 7747404 |
| development and characterization of a new model of hematogenous osteomyelitis in the rat. | hematogenous osteomyelitis was produced in the tibia or the mandible of rats by drilling a hole into the bone, injecting sodium morrhuate, and inoculating staphylococcus aureus phillips into the femoral vein. animals were sacrificed after 2 weeks and examined. the infection was characterized grossly and radiographically by bone deformation, histopathologically by a characteristic suppurative reaction, and microbiologically by the recovery of s. aureus phillips from the infected tissue. these fin ... | 1995 | 7751698 |
| expression, in escherichia coli, of a soluble human tumor necrosis factor receptor. | we have expressed in escherichia coli a soluble, truncated form of the human 55 kda tumor necrosis factor (tnf) receptor. for this purpose a plasmid was constructed which contains the extracellular domain of the 55 kda tnf receptor fused to the coding sequence of the igg binding domains of protein a from staphylococcus aureus. the fusion product (tnfr-pa) obtained in e. coli is a soluble protein which bound human tnf alpha (hutnf alpha) with high affinity. in ligand-blotting experiments hutnf al ... | 1993 | 7764112 |
| bacteriophage surface display of an immunoglobulin-binding domain of staphylococcus aureus protein a. | as a model system for the optimization of separation ligands by bacteriophage surface display, we have constructed a phage surface expression system for a single immunoglobulin-binding domain of protein a of staphylococcus aureus. protein a domain b is genetically fused to the gpiii adsorption protein of the filamentous bacteriophage m13, and hence displayed on the phage surface. phage displaying the protein a domain are selectively retained on human igg-sepharose. retention is due to specific p ... | 1994 | 7764430 |
| anti-bacterial antibodies in epstein-barr virus (ebv)-transformed oligoclonal b-cell lines established from normal persons and autoimmune disease patients. | we have established 950 and 430 oligoclonal b-lymphoblastoid cell lines (lcl) from two normal persons and eight autoimmune disease patients, respectively by using epstein-barr virus (ebv)-induced transformation. to re-evaluate the ebv technique for production of human monoclonal antibodies (mab) related to infectious disease, we screened these oligoclonal lcls for antibodies against 31 bacterial strains systematically. a total of 74 cultures out of 1380 were reactive to a total of 18 strains out ... | 1994 | 7765395 |
| probing the structure of human growth hormone by limited proteolysis. | digestion of human growth hormone (hgh) with the glu-specific protease from staphylococcus aureus v8 was performed at 20-22 degrees c or 37 degrees c at a 1:20 ratio (by weight) at ph 7.8 with or without 0.2% sds. there are 14 glu-residues evenly distributed along the polypeptide chain of hgh as possible sites of proteolytic cleavage of v8-protease. the pattern of fragmentation of hgh was analyzed by electrophoresis and reversed-phase hplc, and the identity of the proteolytic fragments isolated ... | 1995 | 7782169 |
| antimicrobial drug resistance in staphylococcus aureus isolated from cattle in brazil. | isolates of staphylococcus aureus obtained from apparently healthy cattle in the state of paraiba, brazil were characterized in relation to resistance to 21 antimicrobial agents. among the 46 isolates obtained, resistance to penicillin was most frequent, followed by resistance to cadmium, streptomycin, arsenate, tetracycline, mercury, erythromycin and kanamycin/neomycin. all isolates were susceptible to fusidic acid, ethidium bromide, cetrimide, chloramphenicol, benzalkonium chloride, doxycyclin ... | 1995 | 7786507 |
| role of yops in inhibition of phagocytosis and killing of opsonized yersinia enterocolitica by human granulocytes. | the virulence plasmid of yersinia enterocolitica codes for the production of the outer membrane protein yada and the secretion of several proteins, called yops, which may play a role in the interaction between granulocytes and this bacterium. we investigated whether the expression of yada or the secretion of yops affected the phagocytosis and killing of opsonized y. enterocolitica by human granulocytes. the rates of phagocytosis and killing of y. enterocolitica by granulocytes in suspension in t ... | 1995 | 7790071 |
| evaluation of rapidec staph for identification of staphylococcus aureus, staphylococcus epidermidis, and staphylococcus saprophyticus. | rapidec staph is a test for presumptive identification of the principal human staphylococcal species, staphylococcus aureus, s. epidermidis, and s. saprophyticus. the test includes control and test cupules for fluorogenic detection of coagulase and chromogenic substrates for alkaline phosphatase and beta-galactosidase. these tests identify s. aureus, s. epidermidis, and s. saprophyticus, respectively. positive results with both chromogenic substrates provide a presumptive identification of s. xy ... | 1994 | 7814525 |
| the role of immunoglobulin binding factors in the pathogenesis and therapy of aids. | the human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) gp120 and gp41 envelope proteins and staphylococcus aureus protein a (spa) all have fc receptor (fcr)-like immunoglobulin binding factor (ibf) activity for the fc constant fragments of human immunoglobulin g (igg). viral ibf may contribute to the pathology of hiv by jamming the network of fcr signals that control fcr-dependent immunity. conversely, the bacterial ibf spa has anti-retroviral activity that may involve antagonism of the immunopathological actio ... | 1994 | 7815974 |
| repair of immunoglobulin response in b cell line (jk32.1) originating from immunodeficient patient via implantation of functional plasma membranes. | human-human b cell hybridoma jk32.1, constructed from b lymphocytes of a common variable immunodeficient patient and nonsecreting cell line, retains the defects of b cell immunodeficiency. efforts to clarify whether the defect is located within the plasma membranes of this cell line were carried out by implanting them with plasma membrane fraction derived from normal functional cells via intact non-infectious sendai virus. the implanted cells were activated with various mitogens and their ig res ... | 1995 | 7828369 |
| stimulatory and inhibitory effects of interleukin (il)-4 and il-13 on the production of cytokines by human peripheral blood mononuclear cells: priming for il-12 and tumor necrosis factor alpha production. | the production of cytokines in monocytes/macrophages is regulated by several different cytokines that have activating or inhibitory effects. interleukin (il)-10, il-4, il-13, and transforming growth factor (tgf)-beta are usually considered to be the most important macrophage-deactivating factors, with inhibitory effects on cytokine production. unlike il-10 and tgf-beta, which appear to act as downmodulators of many phagocytic cell functions, the mode of action of il-4 and il-13 is more complex. ... | 1995 | 7836910 |
| retention of phagocytic functions in cryopreserved human monocytes. | phagocytosis and respiratory burst activity were measured by flow cytometry in fresh and cryopreserved human monocytes, after ingestion of escherichia coli and staphylococcus aureus. mononuclear leukocytes, isolated from 15 healthy donors, were divided into two portions, of which one was examined immediately and the other was cryopreserved for 3 weeks. morphological characteristics and expression of receptors involved in phagocytosis were similar in fresh and cryopreserved monocytes. furthermore ... | 1995 | 7852837 |
| [clinical study of a new injectable cephem, fk037, for acute bacterial prostatitis]. | fk037, a new injectable cephem antibiotic, was administered in the treatment of 13 acute bacterial prostatitis (mean age 53.5, range 30-79), and its effectiveness and safety were evaluated. the human prostatic fluid (pf) concentration of fk037 on 7 specimens 1 hour after 1 g i.v.d., was in the range of 0.87-7.47 micrograms/ml (mean +/- sd, 3.43 +/- 2.23 micrograms/ml), whereas, the serum concentration averaged 45.3 +/- 2.88 micrograms/ml, the ratio of pf/serum consequently being 0.08 +/- 0.05. i ... | 1994 | 7863869 |
| hydroxyapatite orbital implant abscess: histopathologic correlation of an infected implant following evisceration. | a 60-year-old diabetic man with a history of ocular trauma and absolute glaucoma underwent evisceration with placement of an 18 mm hydroxyapatite orbital implant. the host scleral shell was left intact with no posterior opening for vascular ingrowth. one year later the patient presented with implant exposure, limited fibrovascular ingrowth into the implant, and a staphylococcus aureus orbital abscess. the implant was removed, and pathology demonstrated suppurative inflammation with limited vascu ... | 1994 | 7865449 |
| degradation of humoral host defense by candida albicans proteinase. | the effect of an extracellular proteinase from the pathogenic yeast candida albicans on the bactericidal and opsonizing activities of human serum was studied. the ability of human polymorphonuclear leukocytes to kill staphylococcus aureus was greatly reduced when the bacteria were opsonized with human serum treated with the proteinase. the reduction in the opsonizing activity of human serum was attributed to degradation of the fc portion of immunoglobulin g by the action of c. albicans proteinas ... | 1995 | 7868271 |
| role of neutrophil fc gamma riia (cd32) and fc gamma riiib (cd16) polymorphic forms in phagocytosis of human igg1- and igg3-opsonized bacteria and erythrocytes. | the four subclasses of igg have different biological activities associated with their fc regions. fc gamma receptors on leucocytes (fc gamma r) mediate binding and phagocytosis of opsonized particles. two structurally and functionally distinct allelic polymorphisms of the fc gamma r have been defined: the h/r131 forms of fc gamma riia (cd32), and the neutrophil antigen 1 (na1)/na2 forms of fc gamma riiib (cd16). in this study the activities of allotypes of cd16 are analysed with antibacterial ig ... | 1994 | 7875742 |
| staphylococcal neutral phosphatase. a highly cationic molecule with binding properties for immunoglobulin. | staphylococcal neutral phosphatase (nptase) was purified from two staphylococcus aureus strains by sequential high salt extraction, ultracentrifugation and ion exchange chromatography. the enzyme showed maximum phosphatase activity at neutral ph, appeared as two bands in sds-page (31 and 32 kda), and the isoelectric point was > 10. no close similarity between nptase and other known bacterial proteins in respect of their n-terminal amino acid sequences was found. purified nptase bound rat and hum ... | 1994 | 7888157 |
| capsular polysaccharide types 5 and 8 of staphylococcus aureus bind specifically to human epithelial (kb) cells, endothelial cells, and monocytes and induce release of cytokines. | in order to examine the possible implication of capsular polysaccharide (cp) types 5 and 8 (cp5 and cp8) from staphylococcus aureus in the pathological mechanism associated with staphylococcal infections, we tested the immunomodulatory effects of cp5 and cp8 on human epithelial kb cells, endothelial cells, and monocytes. using biotinylated cp5 and cp8, we provide evidence that both cps bind to kb cells, endothelial cells, and monocytes in a dose- and calcium-dependent manner through specific int ... | 1995 | 7890398 |
| superantigens produced by infectious pathogens: molecular mechanism of action and biological significance. | "superantigens" have in common an extremely potent stimulatory activity for cd4+, cd8+, and some gamma delta+ t lymphocytes. superantigens use a unique mechanism: they crosslink variable parts of the t cell receptor with mhc class ii molecules on accessory or target cells. the interaction site on the t cell receptor is the variable part of the beta-chain (v beta). there are several reasons why these molecules have aroused such tremendous interest in recent years. first, they have provided key in ... | 1994 | 7894042 |
| staphylococcus aureus but not staphylococcus epidermidis can acquire iron from transferrin. | staphylococci grow and cause infection under the iron-restricted conditions found in vivo. they therefore must possess mechanisms to obtain iron for metabolism from this environment. to determine if staphylococci can extract iron bound to human transferrin, we labelled transferrin with 55fe and performed uptake assays on cells grown in iron-restricted and iron-plentiful conditions. growing cultures of staphylococcus aureus nctc 8532 could take up radioactive iron during mid- to late-exponential ... | 1995 | 7894712 |
| cd4pos, nk1.1pos t cells promptly produce interleukin 4 in response to in vivo challenge with anti-cd3. | injection of anti-cd3 antibodies causes prompt expression of interleukin (il)-4, il-2, and interferon gamma (ifn-gamma) mrna among spleen cells. the optimal dose of anti-cd3 for such induction was 1.33 microgram/animal; lymphokine mrna was first observed at 30 min, peaked at 90 min, and was undetectable (for il-4) or had declined markedly by 4 h. cells harvested from spleens of mice injected with anti-cd3 90 min earlier secreted il-4, il-2, and ifn-gamma without further stimulation. by contrast, ... | 1994 | 7908323 |
| helium-neon laser irradiation induces effects on cytokine production at the protein and the mrna level. | the construction of an in vitro model allowed an investigation of the basic functions of immunocompetent cells after laser irradiation. among low-energy laser sources, the helium-neon (he-ne) laser, with a wavelength of 632.8 nm, has often been found to produce photobiological effects including evidence of interference with immunological functions. previous experiments revealed an influence of he-ne laser irradiation on concentrations of interleukin-1 alpha (il-1 alpha), tumor necrosis factor-al ... | 1993 | 7908841 |
| histamine inhibits immunoglobulin production via histamine h2 receptors without affecting cell growth in human b cells. | the effect of histamine upon immunoglobulin (ig) production and proliferation in human b cells was studied. histamine inhibited ig production by the human b cell lines im-9 and cbl in a dose-dependent fashion during 4 days of culture. as little as 10(-5) m was inhibitory. in contrast, proliferation was not affected. inhibition by histamine was blocked by histamine h2 antagonist, cimetidine, but not by histamine h1 antagonist, diphenhydramine. moreover, histamine h2 agonist dimaprit inhibited ig ... | 1994 | 7923922 |
| the inhibitory effects of allopurinol on the production and cytotoxicity of tumor necrosis factor. | allopurinol, a xanthine oxidase inhibitor, impaired the cytotoxic effect of human recombinant tumor necrosis factor (tnf) against wehi cells. actinomycin d abolished the inhibition of cytotoxicity by allopurinol. allopurinol also exerted an inhibitory effect on the production of tnf by human mononuclear cells stimulated by either heat-killed staphylococcus aureus or e. coli lipopolysaccharide. it is suggested that allopurinol inhibits tnf cytotoxicity by decreasing the level of oxygen free radic ... | 1994 | 7935861 |
| unilateral galactocele following augmentation mammoplasty. | development of unilateral galactoceles following breast augmentation is reported in 2 young females. both galactoceles were drained and cultured. in 1 patient the implant was removed and a delayed reinsertion was undertaken. in the second patient the implant was replaced at the time of the drainage procedure. culture and sensitivity in 1 patient showed no growth and in the second patient revealed staphylococcus aureus. although the cause is unknown, galactocele formation may be due to manipulati ... | 1994 | 7944201 |
| mutations affecting the activity of toxic shock syndrome toxin-1. | toxic shock syndrome toxin-1 (tsst-1), the potent staphylococcal exoprotein linked to most cases of the toxic shock syndrome, is a v beta-restricted t-cell mitogen (a so-called "superantigen"). tsst-ovine (tsst-o) is a natural variant of tsst-1, and is produced by certain ovine mastitis-associated strains of staphylococcus aureus. compared to tsst-1, tsst-o is only weakly mitogenic for leporine or murine splenocytes. it differs from tsst-1 at 7 amino acid residues over its 194 amino acid length. ... | 1994 | 7947690 |
| mediastinitis with an infection of methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus treated by an omental transfer following cabg using a right gastroepiploic arterial graft: report of a case. | we report a case of severe mediastinitis infected by methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus (mrsa) after a coronary arterial bypass using the internal thoracic arteries and the right gastroepiploic artery (rgea) in which mediastinitis was treated by an omental transfer. the patient was a 60-year-old man diagnosed as having an acute myocardial infarction of the left anterior wall. there was severe coronary stenosis of three vessels involving the left main trunk. the patient underwent a coron ... | 1994 | 7949774 |
| methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus: do we just have to live with it? | infection with methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus is a familiar problem in hospital patients and has been a global issue since the 1960s. control of this organism is expensive both financially and in terms of human resources. this article is an attempt to review the epidemiological evolution and our understanding of the organism and bring together possible solutions. | 1994 | 7950248 |
| characterization and distribution of insertion sequence is1239 in streptococcus pyogenes. | the human pathogenic bacterium streptococcus pyogenes causes pharyngitis, acute rheumatic fever, glomerulonephritis and toxic-shock-like syndrome. the bacterium synthesizes several extracellular products, including the recently described streptococcal superantigen ssa, a molecule that shares considerable homology with several staphylococcus aureus enterotoxins. while studying allelic variation at the ssa locus, six isolates expressing serotypes m4, m23, m33, m41, m43, and provisional type pt4854 ... | 1994 | 7959039 |
| gtp-binding proteins are involved in the modulated activity of human neutrophils treated with the panton-valentine leukocidin from staphylococcus aureus. | significant amounts of leukotriene b4 (ltb4) are generated by human polymorphonuclear neutrophils (pmns) after incubation with the panton-valentine leukocidin (luk-pv) from staphylococcus aureus v8 strains. we showed that gtp-binding proteins (g proteins) are involved in the luk-pv-activated signal transduction of pmns. adp-ribosylation of heterotrimeric g proteins by cholera and pertussis toxins decreased the luk-pv-induced ltb4-generation. in contrast, adp-ribosylation of the low-molecular-wei ... | 1994 | 7960106 |
| conformational differences in human apolipoprotein b-100 among subspecies of low density lipoproteins (ldl). association of altered proteolytic accessibility with decreased receptor binding of ldl subspecies from hypertriglyceridemic subjects. | we asked at what point in the metabolic cascade of very low density lipoproteins (vldl) to low density lipoproteins (ldl) the accessibility of proteolytic cleavage sites in b-100 changes, and we evaluated the effect of hypertriglyceridemia on the proteolytic accessibility, secondary structure, and receptor-binding affinity of b-100 in ldl subspecies of varying density. limited proteolysis with staphylococcus aureus v8 protease and cathepsin d identified the density (about 1.033 g/ml) between two ... | 1994 | 7961878 |
| human menkes x-chromosome disease and the staphylococcal cadmium-resistance atpase: a remarkable similarity in protein sequences. | a search with the proposed amino acid translation product from the new 'candidate gene' for human menkes disease against protein sequence libraries showed a remarkable similarity to that for the cadmium efflux atpase from staphylococcus aureus resistance plasmids. the menkes sequence appears closer to the cada cd2+ sequence than to p-type atpases from animal sources. menkes syndrome is an x-chromosome invariably fatal disease that results from aberrant copper metabolism. the gene that is defecti ... | 1993 | 7968520 |
| binding of surfactant protein a to c1q receptors mediates phagocytosis of staphylococcus aureus by monocytes. | during both steady-state conditions and inflammatory reactions in the lower airways, monocytes migrate to the alveoli where they come into contact with surfactant. surfactant is composed of phospholipids, neutral lipids, and specific proteins, and its main function is to reduce surface tension in the alveoli. the most abundant glycoprotein surfactant protein a (sp-a) affects the structure, function, and metabolism of pulmonary surfactant. the aim of the present study was to determine whether sp- ... | 1994 | 7977768 |
| peptide synthesis catalyzed by the glu/asp-specific endopeptidase. influence of the ester leaving group of the acyl donor on yield and catalytic efficiency. | we recently described a two-step enzymatic semisynthesis of the superpotent analog of human growth hormone releasing factor, [desnh2tyr1,d-ala2,ala15]-grf(1-29)-nh2 (4), from the precursor, [ala15,29]-grf(4-29)-oh (1). c-terminal amidation of 1 to form [ala15]-grf(4-29)-nh2 (2) was achieved by carboxypeptidase-y-catalyzed exchange of ala29-oh for arg-nh2. the target analog 4 was then obtained by acylation of segment 2 with desnh2tyr-d-ala-asp(oh)-or (3) (r = ch3ch2- or 4-no2c6h4ch2-) catalyzed b ... | 1994 | 7982755 |
| juvenile pityriasis rubra pilaris associated with hypogammaglobulinaemia and furunculosis. | we report a case of follicular keratosis with inflammatory changes, consistent with a diagnosis of atypical juvenile pityriasis rubra pilaris. an unusual feature was the occurrence of severe staphylococcus aureus folliculitis and furunculosis, a phenomenon rarely encountered in pityriasis rubra pilaris and the other follicular keratoses. standard antibiotic and antiseptic treatment for chronic s. aureus infection was ineffective. the patient was subsequently found to have hypogammaglobulinaemia, ... | 1994 | 7999608 |
| a proposal for a coherent mammalian histone h1 nomenclature correlated with amino acid sequences. | bio-rex 70 chromatography was combined with reverse-phase (rp) hplc to fractionate histone h1 zero and 4 histone h1 subtypes from human placental nuclei as previously described (parseghian mh et al., 1993, chromosome res 1:127-139). after proteolytic digestion of the subtypes with staphylococcus aureus v8 protease, peptides were fractionated by rp-hplc and partially sequenced by edman degradation in order to correlate them with human spleen subtypes (ohe y, hayashi h, iwai k, 1986, j biochem (to ... | 1994 | 8003976 |
| bactericidal activity of synthetic peptides based on the structure of the 55-kilodalton bactericidal protein from human neutrophils. | short (10- to 11-mer) hydrophilic peptides based on the structure of the 55-kda bactericidal protein (bp55, b/pi, and cap57) from human neutrophil granules were identified from the hydropathy plot of the 456-amino-acid sequence predicted from the nucleotide sequences of cdna clones for bp55 and b/pi. peptides corresponding to amino acid residues 90 to 99 (peptide #90-99), 86 to 99, or 90 to 102 of bp55 were bactericidal toward 5 x 10(6) pseudomonas aeruginosa cells at 0.6 x 10(-5) to 1.5 x 10(-5 ... | 1994 | 8005662 |
| escherichia vulneris osteomyelitis of the tibia caused by a wooden foreign body. | a new species in the family enterobacteriaceae, escherichia vulneris, was characterized by the centers for disease control and prevention in 1982. it has been shown to have a predilection for human wounds, and several case reports have described superficial wound infections with this rare organism. until now, however, there have been no reports of osteomyelitis occurring secondary to e vulneris infection. the authors present the case of a 13-year-old boy who fell on a stick and sustained a penet ... | 1994 | 8022648 |
| biological and kinetic characterization of recombinant human macrophage inflammatory peptides 2 alpha and beta and comparison with the neutrophil activating peptide 2 and interleukin 8. | we examined the biological and kinetic characteristics of two new members of the intercrine family of cytokines. human macrophage inflammatory peptides 2 alpha and beta (humip-2 alpha and beta) were compared to human interleukin 8 (huil-8), neutrophil activating peptide 2 (hunap-2), and n-formyl-l-methionyl-l-phenylalanine (fmlp). the humip-2 peptides were the least potent cytokine tested in triggering neutrophil degranulation. they were also less potent neutrophil chemotaxins than fmlp or huil- ... | 1994 | 8031995 |
| interaction of the two components of leukocidin from staphylococcus aureus with human polymorphonuclear leukocyte membranes: sequential binding and subsequent activation. | the sequential interaction between the two components s and f of leukocidin from staphylococcus aureus and the membrane of human polymorphonuclear neutrophils has been investigated in the presence of 1 mm ca2+. with 125i-labeled components, it has been shown that binding of the f component occurred only after binding of the s component. the kinetic constants of binding of both components were not statistically different (kd, approximately 5 nm; bm, approximately 35,000 molecules per cell), and b ... | 1994 | 8039887 |
| efficacy of tumor necrosis factor-alpha and antibiotics in therapy of experimental murine staphylococcal mastitis. | the mouse model was used to determine the efficacy of the cytokine, tumor necrosis factor-alpha, and antibiotic in treatment of experimentally induced staphylococcal mastitis. recombinant human tumor necrosis factor-alpha alone administered to the mammary glands of lactating mice recruited significantly more polymorphonuclear neutrophils into the gland by 4 h posttreatment than did the untreated control. one hundred times less recombinant mouse tumor necrosis factor-alpha than human tumor necros ... | 1994 | 8046067 |
| comparison of difco esp and organon teknika bact/alert continuous-monitoring blood culture systems. | the difco esp and organon teknika bact/alert (bta) systems were evaluated in a clinical study of 5,421 aerobic and 5,035 anaerobic blood cultures. of 405 clinically significant positive cultures evaluated, 272 grew in both systems, 86 grew in esp only, and 47 grew in bta only (p < 0.005). of 320 organisms detected in aerobic bottles, 208 grew in both systems, 68 grew in esp only and 45 grew in bta only (p < 0.05), with staphylococcus aureus the only organism showing a statistically significant d ... | 1994 | 8051256 |
| n-acetylcysteine enhances in vitro the intracellular killing of staphylococcus aureus by human alveolar macrophages and blood polymorphonuclear leukocytes and partially protects phagocytes from self-killing. | the processes of phagocytosis and intracellular killing of bacteria by alveolar macrophages (ams) and polymorphonuclear leukocytes (pmns) result in the production of reactive oxygen species that can induce self-damage to the phagocytic cells. n-acetylcysteine (nac), a mucolytic agent used to treat chronic respiratory inflammatory disorders, possesses antioxidant properties and has therefore been used for the prevention of damage induced by oxygen radicals. this study was designed to evaluate whe ... | 1994 | 8051494 |
| propofol inhibits phagocytosis and killing of staphylococcus aureus and escherichia coli by polymorphonuclear leukocytes in vitro. | polymorphonuclear leukocytes (pmnl) are important components of the immunological defence system which protects the human organism from invading bacteria. using a fluorescence microscopic method, we examined the influence of propofol and its solvent intralipid on phagocytosis and killing of staphylococcus aureus and escherichia coli by pmnl in vitro. propofol inhibited (p < or = 0.001) phagocytosis of staphylococcus aureus as well as escherichia coli. killing of staphylococcus aureus (p < or = 0 ... | 1994 | 8055616 |
| effect of sparfloxacin on staphylococcus aureus adhesiveness and phagocytosis. | we investigated the effect of sparfloxacin, a new broad-spectrum fluoroquinolone, on the morphology, adhesiveness and phagocytosis of a clinical isolate of staphylococcus aureus sensitive to this compound (mic = 0.06 mg/l). the strain was tested for its adherence to human buccal epithelial cells, measured by interference contrast microscopy, and for phagocytosis by guinea-pig peritoneal macrophages, measured by fluorescence microscopy. accumulation of sparfloxacin by macrophages was studied by m ... | 1994 | 8056692 |
| [the manifestation of functional heterogeneity of the peptidoglycans in opsonophagocytic reactions]. | the peptidoglycan activity of staphylococcus aureus ccm 885 and bifidobacterium bifidum 1 was studied in the opsonophagocytic system on the basis of the luminol-dependent chemiluminescence of human neutrophils. b. bifidum peptidoglycan was more active in direct interaction with neutrophils. after treatment with normal human serum s. aureus peptidoglycan showed more pronounced neutrophil-stimulating properties. this phenomenon was in accord with a higher content of igg antibodies to s. aureus pep ... | 1993 | 8059563 |
| molecular basis for the interaction between human igm and staphylococcal protein a. | to examine the relationship between vh gene usage and reactivity of immunoglobulins, we cloned b cells from peripheral blood from adults and from human neonatal cord blood by ebv transformation. nearly one-third of the b cell clones from both sources produced igm reactive with staphylococcal protein a (spa). none of such igm reacted with other antigens, except for the crude extract of staphylococcus aureus. all of 22 b cell clones producing igm reactive with spa expressed vh3 genes, while none o ... | 1994 | 8062451 |
| [the interaction of staphylococci with plasmin and its inhibitors]. | according to the data obtained by immunoblotting and other immunochemical techniques, the cell wall of staphylococcus aureus, strain 209 p, contain proteinaceous receptors for plasminogen, plasmin and its complexes with alpha 2 glycoprotein and protein a, alpha 2 proteinase inhibitor, alpha 2 antiplasmin. strains cowan 1 and wood 46 have no such receptors. all three strains have been found to contain the receptor for alpha 2 interferon, its molecular weight being equal to 50 kd. | 1993 | 8067117 |
| antibiotic penetration of and bactericidal activity within endothelial cells. | it has been observed that the number of cases of infective endocarditis arising in patients who have no previous identifiable cardiac abnormalities is increasing, suggesting that direct bacterial interactions with endothelium may occur. furthermore, the prolonged natural history of endocarditis, need for lengthy therapy, and frequency of relapse suggest that intracellular bacteria that may be protected from antimicrobial action and host responses exist. using high-performance liquid chromatograp ... | 1994 | 8067738 |
| the interplay of interleukin-10 (il-10) and interleukin-2 (il-2) in humoral immune responses: il-10 synergizes with il-2 to enhance responses of human b lymphocytes in a mechanism which is different from upregulation of cd25 expression. | the role of the interplay of interleukin-2 (il-2) and interleukin-10 (il-10) in responses of human peripheral blood b cells stimulated by ligation of antigen receptors was examined in detail. highly purified peripheral blood b cells from normal human individuals were cultured with staphylococcus aureus cowan i (sa) in the presence or absence of il-10 and il-2. although il-10 alone could modestly induce ig production by sa-activated b cells, il-10 markedly enhanced the ig production in synergism ... | 1994 | 8069928 |
| liver abscesses due to staphylococcus aureus in a patient with aids who underwent small bowel biopsy: case report and review. | a 36-year-old man with overgrowth of staphylococcus aureus in the small bowel underwent a biopsy of the small bowel and presented 5 weeks later with multiple liver abscesses. to our knowledge, small bowel biopsy has never been associated with liver abscesses. we discuss the literature on liver abscesses in patients with aids and the risks of bacteremia following upper endoscopy and small bowel biopsy and propose that the etiology of the liver abscesses in our patient was seeding of the portal ve ... | 1994 | 8075275 |
| characterization of the interaction between plasminogen and staphylokinase. | binding parameters [association (ka) and dissociation (kd) rate constants, and affinity constants (ka = ka/kd)] for the interaction between recombinant staphylokinase (sakstar) and plasmin(ogen) were determined by real-time biospecific interaction analysis. the ka value for binding of sakstar to native human glu-plasminogen was 0.93 x 10(8) m-1 as compared to 2.0 x 10(8) m-1 and 1.6 x 10(8) m-1, respectively, for the binding to [s741a]recombinant plasminogen or lys-[s741a]recombinant plasminogen ... | 1994 | 8076635 |
| ebv infection of b-cll cells in vitro potentiates their allostimulatory capacity if accompanied by acquisition of the activated phenotype. | epstein-barr virus (ebv)-carrying immortalized lymphoblastoid cell lines (lcls) stimulate autologous t lymphocytes in vitro. this t-cell response is independent of the ebv-specific cellular memory because it also occurs in experiments with cells of seronegative individuals. the question can be posed whether the t-cell-stimulatory potential of the lcl is coupled to its immortalized state. b-cll cells were exploited to study this question because the majority of clones, represented by different pa ... | 1994 | 8077053 |
| expression of a g-protein beta subunit-related gene during lymphocyte activation. | using a subtractive strategy, we have cloned an activation-related gene from a human b cell cdna library. sequence analysis revealed that this gene was identical to h12.3, a gene belonging to an expanding family of guanine nucleotide-binding protein beta subunits. the expression of h12.3 was inducible in the late phase of mitogen-stimulated t and b cells. in t cells, il-2 and il-4 by themselves had no direct effect on the expression of h12.3, but they could augment the level of steady-state h12. ... | 1994 | 8080843 |
| pharmacodynamic activity of a cephalosporin, ro 40-6890, in human skin blister fluid: antibiotic activity in concert with host defense mechanisms. | the pharmacokinetics of an antimicrobial drug in human plasma and in vitro susceptibility testing of an antimicrobial drug do not necessarily predict its efficacy in vivo. therefore, the combined activity of an antimicrobial drug and blood-derived polymorphonuclear leukocytes (pmn) against staphylococcus aureus were investigated in vitro. in addition, a pharmacological model allowing analysis of the bactericidal activity of a drug-containing exudate against s. aureus ex vivo was developed. for t ... | 1993 | 8109926 |
| influence of some plasma proteins on in vitro bacterial adherence to ptfe and dacron vascular prostheses. | the in vitro adherence of staphylococcus aureus, staphylococcus epidermidis and escherichia coli (one strain of each species) to commercially available, microporous polytetrafluoroethylene (ptfe) and woven dacron vascular grafts before and after coating with human plasma was compared. standard size segments of the materials were incubated with 35s-labeled bacteria for 0.5-18 h and, following washes, the radioactivity associated with the segment was measured. the binding of each of the tested spe ... | 1993 | 8110449 |
| superantigen modulation of experimental allergic encephalomyelitis: activation of anergy determines outcome. | experimental allergic encephalomyelitis (eae) is an autoimmune disease that can be induced by the adoptive transfer of cd4, myelin basic protein (mbp)-specific t cells. superantigens activate t cells expressing appropriate tcr v genes. in this study, mbp-specific t cells activated in vitro with a superantigen, staphylococcal enterotoxin b (seb), could adoptively transfer a severe form of eae in (plxsjl)f1 mice, but did not transfer disease in pl/j or sjl/j mice. seb treatment of donor mice anerg ... | 1994 | 8120406 |
| novel path to apoptosis: small transmembrane pores created by staphylococcal alpha-toxin in t lymphocytes evoke internucleosomal dna degradation. | peripheral-blood human t lymphocytes were treated with staphylococcus aureus alpha-toxin. membrane permeabilization was assessed by measuring efflux of k+ and rb+ and influx of na+, ca2+, and propidium iodide. cellular atp and [3h]thymidine incorporation following lectin stimulation were measured as parameters for cell viability. internucleosomal cleavage characteristic of programmed cell death was assessed by agarose gel electrophoresis and by quantifying low-molecular-weight, [3h]thymidine-lab ... | 1994 | 8132337 |
| [maintenance hemodialysis in igd- lambda -type multiple myeloma associated with severe renal failure]. | a 52-year-old man was admitted to our hospital because of oliguric renal failure. the patient was well until four weeks earlier, when he developed nausea and anorexia. the urea nitrogen was 179 mg/dl, creatinine 29.2 mg/dl, uric acid 19.0 mg/dl and potassium 8.6 meq/1. hemodialysis was started immediately after admission. bone marrow aspiration showed atypical plasma cell infiltration consistent with multiple myeloma. the immunoelectrophoresis revealed urinary lambda -type bence jones protein an ... | 1994 | 8139151 |
| [in vitro antibacterial activity of isoxazolyl++ naphthoquinones. i]. | the in vitro antibacterial activity of 2-hydroxy-n-(3,4-dimethyl-5-isoxazolyl) 1,4 naphthoquinone-4-imine (i) and three of this derivatives against staphylococcus aureus, escherichia coli, pseudomonas aeruginosa, proteus mirabilis y morganella morganii was investigated. from the four naphthoquinone-imine studied, compound i exhibited activity against s. aureus. this effect was observed even in oxygen atmosphere with 5% co2 and in the presence of human albumin. the development of drug-resistant s ... | 1993 | 8140244 |
| rapid assay for detection of toxic shock syndrome toxin 1 from human sera. | a noncompetitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay that enables the quantitation of toxic shock syndrome toxin 1 (tsst-1) to as little as 30 pg/ml and the detection of tsst-1 to 10 pg/ml in phosphate-buffered saline including 33% human serum or plasma was developed. it takes only 3 h to complete this assay after plate preparation. in this study, 64 human serum samples obtained from 30 patients with toxic shock syndrome or toxic shock syndrome-like symptoms were subjected to testing for the detec ... | 1994 | 8150970 |
| sequestration of muscarinic cholinergic receptors in permeabilized neuroblastoma cells. | the feasibility of using a permeabilized preparation of human sh-sy-5y neuroblastoma cells for studies of muscarinic acetylcholine receptor (machr) sequestration has been evaluated. exposure of cells permeabilized with digitonin, streptolysin-o, or the alpha-toxin from staphylococcus aureus to oxotremorine-m (oxo-m) for 30 min resulted in a 25-30% reduction in the number of cell surface machrs, as monitored by the loss of n[3h]methylscopolamine ([3h]nms) binding sites. the corresponding value fo ... | 1994 | 8158129 |
| management of prostatic abscess in patients with human immunodeficiency syndrome. | to review and assess the management and evaluation of prostatic abscess in patients with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (human immunodeficiency virus [hiv]). | 1994 | 8165764 |
| superantigens. | "superantigens" is the term for a group of molecules that have in common an extremely potent stimulatory activity for t lymphocytes of several species. they stimulate cd4+, cd8+ and gamma delta + t cells by a unique mechanism: they cross-link variable parts of the t-cell receptor (tcr) with mhc class ii molecules on accessory or target cells. the interaction site on the class ii molecule and on the tcr is different from the peptide binding site; on the tcr it is the variable part of the beta cha ... | 1994 | 8166997 |
| role of the sar locus of staphylococcus aureus in induction of endocarditis in rabbits. | a regulatory locus on the staphylococcus aureus chromosome, designated sar, is involved in the expression of cell wall proteins, some of which are potentially important in the pathogenesis of endocarditis. for instance, mutant 11d2 (sar::tn917ltv1) was found to bind substantially less to matrix proteins (i.e., fibrinogen and fibronectin) than parent strain db. remarkably, these two strains did not differ in other phenotypes considered important in the initiation of endocarditis (e.g., binding to ... | 1994 | 8168933 |
| [influence of antagonistic bacteria on quantity of staphylococci in the oral cavity]. | the study was aimed at establishment whether antagonistic influence between physiological oral cavity bacterial flora and staphylococci do exist and whether they influence on quantity of staphylococci in oral cavity environment. in samples of saliva taken from group of 11-13 year old children and a group of adults of both sexes, determinations were performed regarding total number of bacteria, number and percentage of bacteria inhibiting in vitro growth of standard indicator strain staphylococcu ... | 1993 | 8189821 |
| inhibition of bacterial adhesion by sub-inhibitory concentrations: brodimoprim vs trimethoprim. | there is accumulating evidence that sub-inhibitory concentrations (sub-mics) of many antibiotics are not without effect on bacteria and even though they do not kill bacteria, they are still able to interfere with some important aspects of bacterial cell function. the aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of sub-mics of brodimoprim and trimethoprim on escherichia coli and staphylococcus aureus adhesiveness to human mucosal cells. sub-mics of brodimoprim down to 1/32 mic (0.03 mic ... | 1993 | 8195836 |
| in vitro investigation of the intraphagocytic bioactivities of ciprofloxacin and the new fluoroquinolone agents, clinafloxacin (ci-960) and pd 131628. | in this study the intraphagocytic bioactivities of the new fluoroquinolone antimicrobial agents clinafloxacin (ci-960) and pd 131628 (the active metabolite of ci-990) were investigated in vitro at final concentrations of 0.0005-0.5 microgram/ml using human neutrophils and the combination of a radiometric and a colony-counting method, which enabled us to distinguish between intracellular bacteriostatic and bactericidal mechanisms. ciprofloxacin was included for comparison. staphylococcus aureus ( ... | 1993 | 8222871 |
| interference by subinhibitory concentrations of azithromycin with the mechanism of bacterial adhesion to human epithelial cells. | azithromycin is the first member of a novel 15-membered-ring 'azalide' group of macrolides that has entered into clinical practice, and its activity is not restricted to gram-positive bacteria, but extends also to gram-negative bacteria. the aim of this study was to investigate the ability of subinhibitory concentrations (sub-mics) of azithromycin to interfere with the mechanism of bacterial adhesion to human epithelial cells. azithromycin induced a significant inhibition of adhesion from 1/2 to ... | 1993 | 8222872 |
| chronic staphylococcal osteomyelitis: a new experimental rat model. | a rat model of chronic staphylococcal osteomyelitis was developed. fibrin glue (5 microliters) and staphylococcus aureus (2 x 10(6) cfu/5 microliters) were inoculated into the proximal metaphysis of the tibia. the rats were killed at intervals of between 1 and 6 months, and the tibias were removed. induced lesions were evaluated by radiographic, macroscopic, and histological examinations and bacterial counts. roentgenograms revealed osteomyelitis in more than 90% of the tibias. gross bone pathol ... | 1993 | 8225597 |
| effects of interleukin-4 and interferon-gamma on the secretion of igg4 from human peripheral blood mononuclear cells. | whereas ige antibodies are linked with allergy, igg4 antibodies may reflect the state of immunity and protection against a particular antigen. it has been shown that interleukin (il)-4 is required for induction of ige synthesis. in order to elucidate the role of il-4 in the production of igg4 and to compare igg4 and ige regulatory processes, we quantified these immunoglobulin isotypes after in vitro culture of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (pbmc) in the presence of il-4. the production of i ... | 1993 | 8238809 |
| use of fast protein size-exclusion liquid chromatography to study the unfolding of proteins which denature through the molten globule. | fast protein size-exclusion liquid chromatography (sec-fplc) was used to study solvent-induced unfolding of six proteins. two of them (sperm whale myoglobin and hen white lysozyme) denature on the simple n (native)<-->u (completely unfolded) scheme. the other four proteins [bovine and human alpha-lactalbumin, bovine carbonic anhydrase b (bcab), and beta-lactamase from staphylococcus aureus] denature through the molten globule (mg) state (i.e., on the n<-->mg<-->u denaturation scheme). we have sh ... | 1993 | 8241185 |
| serum inhibitory and bactericidal activity against methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus in volunteers receiving novobiocin and rifampin alone and in combination. | the combination of novobiocin and rifampin is effective in eliminating colonization due to methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus (mrsa) and in treating experimental mrsa soft tissue infections. to evaluate novobiocin, rifampin, and the combination of the two agents for potential oral therapy in patients with mrsa infections, we measured the serum inhibitory and bactericidal activity from four volunteers against 20 mrsa strains obtained from seven different institutions. when stratton-relle ... | 1993 | 8243034 |
| recombinant dna procedures for producing small antimicrobial cationic peptides in bacteria. | natural polycationic antibiotic peptides have been found in many different species of animals and insects and shown to have broad antimicrobial activity. to permit further studies on these peptides, bacterial expression systems were developed. attempts to produce these peptides with an n-terminal signal sequence were unsuccessful due to the lability of the basic peptides. therefore, a number of different fusion protein systems were tested, including fusions to glutathione-s-transferase (gst) (on ... | 1993 | 8244033 |
| co-elimination of mec and spa genes in staphylococcus aureus and the effect of agr and protein a production on bacterial adherence to cell monolayers. | phenotypic loss of protein a production was tested in six methicillin-resistant (mcr) staphylococcus aureus (mrsa) isolates and their isogenic methicillin-sensitive (mcs) variants by a radiolabelled igg-binding assay with washed cells and by western blotting of supernates prepared from lysed washed cells. genomic dna was probed for homology with the protein a gene (spa) in ecori digests and for homology to the methicillin resistance gene (mec) in hindiii digests. the mcs variants had lost homolo ... | 1993 | 8246260 |
| improved purification and biologic activities of staphylococcal toxic shock syndrome toxin 1. | an improved method for producing highly purified toxic shock syndrome toxin 1 (tsst-1) by preparative isoelectric focusing in a bio-rad rotofor cell and then chromatofocusing is described. purification to homogeneity was confirmed by silver staining after sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (sds-page; 50 micrograms of protein was loaded), by immunoblotting with polyclonal rabbit antiserum raised against the crude culture supernatant used for purification, and by autoradiogr ... | 1993 | 8253961 |
| immunobiologic and biochemical properties of mutants of toxic shock syndrome toxin-1. | toxic shock syndrome (tss) is a multisystem illness caused mainly by staphylococcus aureus producing tss toxin-1 (tsst-1). a variant of tsst-1 has been isolated from ovine mastitis s. aureus. this toxin, tsst-ovine (tsst-o) is only weakly t cell mitogenic, is nonpyrogenic, does not enhance endotoxin shock, and does not cause tss in the miniosmotic pump model. the sequence of the ovine gene (tsto) differs from the tsst-1 gene (tsth) by 14 nucleotides that change seven amino acids in the mature pr ... | 1994 | 8254210 |
| [adult respiratory distress syndrome due to sepsis caused by staphylococcus aureus: a case report]. | a 59-year-old man, under treatment for osteoarthritis of the right hip joint, was admitted to the department of orthopedic surgery of health insurance nankai hospital with complaints of high fever and severe right hip joint pain. since he developed shock, he was transferred to the department of internal medicine. the laboratory data showed marked increase of acute phase reactants, and staphylococcus aureus was cultured from the abscess in the right hip joint. the chest x-ray film the next day sh ... | 1993 | 8255025 |
| isolated sternoclavicular joint arthritis in heroin addicts and/or hiv positive patients: three cases. | the authors describe three patients in whom septic arthritis of the sternoclavicular joint (scj) occurred, drug addiction and human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) infection representing the predisposing conditions. infectious arthritis is well known in intravenous drug users, but it is rare in hiv positive patients, who are prone to bacterial infections from usual or unusual microorganisms. in one case, staphylococcus aureus methicillin sensitive was responsible for septic arthritis. in another ca ... | 1993 | 8258248 |
| hla class ii molecule-mediated signal transduction mechanism responsible for the expression of interleukin-1 beta and tumor necrosis factor-alpha genes induced by a staphylococcal superantigen. | superantigens including staphylococcal enterotoxins (se) bind to major histocompatibility complex class ii molecules and interact with t cells bearing particular v beta chains. seb was shown to induce the expression of interleukin (il)-1 beta and tumor necrosis factor (tnf)-alpha genes in human peripheral blood monocytes bearing hla class ii molecules. monoclonal antibodies directed against hla-dr and -dq abolished the seb-induced expression of both the il-1 beta and tnf-alpha genes, suggesting ... | 1993 | 8258334 |
| molecular conversions of recombinant staphylokinase during plasminogen activation in purified systems and in human plasma. | recombinant staphylokinase (star) is produced as a 136 amino acid protein with nh2-terminal sequence ser-ser-ser (mature star, hmw-star), which may be converted to lower molecular weight forms (lmw-star) by removal of the first six residues (yielding star-delta 6 with nh2-terminal gly-lys-tyr-) or the first ten residues (yielding star-delta 10 with nh2-terminal lys-gly-asp-). in the present study the occurrence and effects of these conversions during plasminogen activation by hmw-star were studi ... | 1993 | 8259556 |
| effect of recombinant human interleukin-2 on the chemotaxis and chemiluminescence of human polymorphonuclear leukocytes. | recently, unusual frequency of bacteremia and neutrophil dysfunction during interleukin-2 (il-2) therapy for advanced cancer has been reported. to determine the cause of this dysfunction, we investigated the effects of recombinant human il-2 on the chemotaxis and chemiluminescence (cl) response of human polymorphonuclear leukocytes (pmns) and the effects of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (tnf-alpha), which is elevated after il-2 administration, on the chemotaxis of human pmns in vitro. after incuba ... | 1993 | 8294767 |
| early activation events induced by the staphylococcal superantigen toxic shock syndrome toxin-1 in human peripheral blood monocytes. | staphylococcal exotoxins (se) bind to mhc class ii molecules and induce the production of il-1 beta and tnf-alpha in human monocytic cells. here we show that stimulation of peripheral blood monocytes with toxic shock syndrome toxin-1 (tsst-1) induced rapid increase in tyrosine phosphorylation of cytosolic protein substrates, accumulation of inositol phosphates, and de novo tyrosine phosphorylation of the plc-gamma 1 isozyme. accumulation of inositol phosphates was inhibited by preincubation of c ... | 1994 | 8299229 |
| comparison of antibody activity against various microorganisms in intravenous immunoglobulin preparations determined by elisa and opsonic assay. | in the present study the level of antimicrobial antibodies and the phagocytosis-promoting activity in immunoglobulin preparations produced for intravenous use were assessed. the level of antibodies directed against various microorganisms in six immunoglobulin preparations was determined by using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) and was shown to be either equal to or higher than that of pooled normal human serum. all preparations were able to promote phagocytosis of staphylococcus aur ... | 1994 | 8301200 |
| selective inhibition of dihydrofolate reductase from problem human pathogens. | 1993 | 8304174 | |
| immune function of patients receiving recombinant human interleukin-6 (il-6) in a phase i clinical study: induction of c-reactive protein and ige and inhibition of natural killer and lymphokine-activated killer cell activity. | interleukin-6 (il-6) is a cytokine that acts on a variety of cell types, including myeloid progenitor cells and b and t lymphocytes. it has been found to activate cytotoxic t cells and natural killer (nk) cells and to induce t-cell-mediated antitumour effects in animal models. in a phase i clinical trial of recombinant human il-6, 20 patients with advanced cancer were entered to receive daily subcutaneous injections of il-6 over 7 days followed by a 2-week observation period and another 4 weeks ... | 1994 | 8306367 |
| rapid methods for identification of staphylococcus aureus when both human and animal staphylococci are tested: comparison with a new immunoenzymatic assay. | a new immunoenzymatic assay (iea) for the identification of staphylococcus aureus strains of both human and animal origin was compared with rapid commercial kits. the sensitivities and specificities of the commercial kits varied from 90.2 to 96% and 90.8 to 93.7%, respectively. the iea did not give any false-negative or false-positive results, while commercial kits gave high percentages of false-positive results among clumping factor-positive non-s. aureus strains. the iea is particularly useful ... | 1993 | 8315003 |
| furuncle-like lesions in mouse experimental skin infections with staphylococcus aureus. | the pathomechanism of furuncle has not been fully elucidated and should be investigated using an appropriate animal model. we observed the invasion of staphylococcus aureus cells into hair follicles in mice, using a strain of s. aureus isolated from human furunculosis. light microscopical examination revealed that s. aureus cells attached to corneocytes at 6 h after inoculation, proliferated around the ostium of the hair follicle and invaded the hair follicle at 12 h after inoculation. electron ... | 1993 | 8315108 |
| reactivity of human gamma delta t cells to staphylococcal enterotoxins: a restricted reaction pattern mediated by two distinct recognition pathways. | staphylococcal enterotoxins (ses) are known superantigens for t cells expressing the alpha beta t-cell receptor (tcr). they bind to mhc class ii molecules on antigen-presenting cells and can subsequently trigger t-cell responses by binding to v beta-gene products. the reactivity of gamma delta t cells with enterotoxins is less well defined although both proliferative and cytotoxic responses have been described. in the present study we have tested the cytotoxic reactivity of a panel of 41 gamma d ... | 1993 | 8327863 |
| [an unusual cause of myocardial infarct. bacterial mitral valve endocarditis, valve ring and myocardial abscess with direct coronary lesion]. | we report on a 45-year-old man with bacterial mitral valve endocarditis and valve-ring abscess following a staphylococcus aureus sepsis with septic shock and respiratory insufficiency. a thrombosis of the marginal branch of the left circumflex coronary artery with a myocardial infarction occurred as a consequence of the unusual location of the abscess which spread to the left ventricular lateral wall with an encasement of this blood vessel, and with destruction of the arterial wall. the patient ... | 1993 | 8328178 |
| human alveolar macrophages inhibit immunoglobulin production in response to direct b cell mitogen. | b lymphocytes are crucial participants in pulmonary immune defense. however, excess local antibody production is associated with accelerated lung destruction in several types of lung disease. the purpose of the current study was to study the potential role of alveolar macrophages (am) in the local regulation of immunoglobulin (ig) production in the lung in response to a direct b cell mitogen, staphylococcus aureus cowan strain (sac). am, when added to peripheral blood mononuclear cells, caused a ... | 1993 | 8338683 |
| an alternative method for t-cell receptor repertoire analysis: clustering of human v-beta subfamilies selected in responses to staphylococcal enterotoxins b and e. | we have designed a convenient procedure for the analysis of v beta repertoire expression in polyclonal t-cell populations. in this procedure t-cell rna is converted to cdna, polydc-tailed with terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase and submitted to one-side specificity pcr amplification with a constant region oligonucleotide primer. the amplified material is then analysed by reverse spot-test hybridization: after 32p-labelling, the amplification product is put to hybridize on a membrane where spe ... | 1993 | 8341282 |