Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year Filter | PMID(sorted ascending) Filter |
|---|
| [scanning microscopical observations on the foregut structures o mosquitoes and their role for the ingestion of microfilariae (author's transl)]. | experiments on the transmission of brugia malayi by various mosquitoes had shown that microfilariae ingested by some species were badly damaged when they reached the stomach, but were much less hurt in others. the structures of the foregut likely to cause these injuries, were investigated and documented by scanning microscope techniques. in anopheles albimanus, a. arabiensis, a. stephensi and a. pharoensis which have well developed armatures the microfilariae showed a high rate of destruction. i ... | 1979 | 44040 |
| toxicity of parasporal crystals of bacillus thuringiensis subsp. israelensis to mosquitoes. | toxicity of bacillus thuringiensis subsp. israelensis (onr-60a/who 1897) parasporal crystals to three medically important mosquito larvae is described. the numbers of larvae killed are in relation to crystal dry weight. the crystals are lethally toxic to aedes aegypti linnaeus (mean 50% lethal concentration [lc50] = 1.9 x 10(-4) micrograms/ml), culex pipiens var. quinquefasciatus say (lc50 = 3.7 x 10(-4) micrograms/ml), and anopheles albimanus wiedemann (lc50 = 8.0 x 10(-3) micrograms/ml). purfi ... | 1979 | 44177 |
| morphologic variants of anopheles albimanus and susceptibility to plasmodium vivax and p. falciparum. | three morphologically different, true-breeding phenotypes have been isolated from a strain of anopheles albimanus from lake apastepeque, el salvador. studies with coindigenous strains of plasmodium vivax and p. falciparum show that these phenotypes differ significantly in their susceptibility to malaria parasites. this difference is apparent both in the number of mosquitoes that become infected and the level of infection obtained. variations in malaria susceptibility are markedly greater with p. ... | 1977 | 329696 |
| computer simulation of the effectiveness of male-linked translocations for the control of anopheles albimanus wiedemann. | a deterministic simulation model was used to establish the potential value of releasing male-linked translocation heterozygotes as a control measure for anopheles albimanus wiedemann. theoretical population reductions exceeding 90% were obtained within 90 and 120 days after releases at initial ratios of 5 translocation males (tm): 1 normal male (nm) and 1 tm: 1 nm, respectively. additional simulations emphasized the importance of the need for a method that would eliminate females from the releas ... | 1979 | 434306 |
| sterlizing and packaging males of anopheles albimanus wiedemann for field release. | technology was developed for sterilizing and packaging as many as 1 million male anopheles albimanus wiedemann per day for field release. the average sterility produced in the males during a 1.5-year period was 98.9%. mortality due to transport of the males in specially developed cages averaged 4.5% for 72-hour-old adults and 2.5% for 24-hour-old adults. the average mortality due to transport and field exposure of pupae was 1.2 to 9.8%, depending on the technique used. | 1979 | 484773 |
| histological and chemical observations of the black larva mutant in anopheles albimanus (diptera: culicidae). | 1977 | 606814 | |
| genetic method for the preferential elimination of females of anopheles albimanus. | recent field experiments demonstrated the possibility of using the sterile male method for the control of anopheles albimanus wiedemann, the most important vector of human malaria in central america. until now there was no practical method for excluding females from the releases of sterile males. a genetic method was developed for the preferential elimination of females during any of the four life stages. this genetic sexing system utilizes propoxur (o-isopropoxyphenyl methyl-carbamate) suscepti ... | 1978 | 663614 |
| release of romanomermis culicivorax for the control of anopheles albimanus in el salvador i. mass production of the nematode. | the mosquito parasite, romanomermis culicivorax, was mass produced for the treatment of 144,000 m2 of anopheles albimanus breeding area in el salvador. the production of the necessary inoculum required the exposure of 1.6 x 10(6) first-instar culex p. quinque-fasciatus larvae to 137 x 10(6) preparasites (1:14 ratio) each week for 6 weeks. the method employed produced an average 13.7 g (ca. 2,200/g) of postparasitic nematodes per rearing tray (20,000 mosquitoes), a total of 6,392 g (14.1 lb) for ... | 1978 | 727330 |
| release of romanomermis culicivorax for the control of anopheles albimanus in el salvador ii. application of the nematode. | the mosquito breeding area of lake apastepeque, el salvador, was treated 11 times over a 7-week period with romanomermis culicivorax to control anopheles albimanus and an. p. pseudopunctipennis. parasitism averaged 58% but varied greatly from treatment to treatment and from site to site. however, three applications made during evening hours to avoid wind and wave action on the lake produced an average 86% parasitism. no significant differences in susceptibility to r. culicivorax were found betwe ... | 1978 | 727331 |
| carbamate resistance in anopheles albimanus. penetration and metabolism of carbaryl in propoxur-selected larvae. | the roles of increased metabolism and reduced penetration as possible mechanisms of resistance to carbaryl were investigated in a strain of a. albimanus from el salvador in which carbamate and organophosphorus resistance had been induced by laboratory selection with propoxur. carbaryl was metabolized to n-hydroxymethylcarbaryl, 5,6-dihydro-5,6-dihydroxycarbaryl and an unidentified metabolite a. the rate of metabolism by the resistant strain was only slightly higher than that by the parental stra ... | 0 | 813837 |
| studies on human malaria in aotus monkey. vii. comparative infectivity of two strains of plasmodium vivax to to anopheles freeborni, a. maculatus, and for strains of a. albimanus. | a strain of plasmodium vivax from el salvador was shown to be more infectious to the apastepeque strain of anopheles albimanus from el salvador than was a strain of p. vivax from colombia, s. a. the apastepeque mosquito strain was also more susceptible to the savadoran strain of p. vivax than were 2 other strains of this mosquito from el salvador. a strain of a. albimanus from panama was more susceptible to both of the parasite than were any of the salvadoran strains of a. albimanus. | 1976 | 817008 |
| computer simulation of mosquito populations (anopheles albimanus) for comparing the effectiveness of control technologies. | 1977 | 845897 | |
| x-ray induced pericentric inversions in anopheles albimanus. | sixteen different pericentric inversions, ten on chromosome 2 and six on chromosome 3, have been isolated and characterized. the partial sterility in the inversion heterozygotes ranged from about 28 to 50%. contrary to theoretical considerations, a curvilinear relationship exists between inversion length and partial sterility, whereby a reduction in sterility was noted for progressively longer inversions. the break-points are distributed randomly over the autosomes, but are observed more frequen ... | 1977 | 861830 |
| the genetics of black larva, an autosomal recessive lethal mutation located on chromosome 3 in the mosquito anopheles albimanus. | a spontaneous autosomal recessive lethal mutation, black larva (bl), producing black pigmented larvae that die during the 4th larval instar has been discovered in the mosquito anopheles albimanus wiedemann. genetic investigations using two y-autosome translocations and a 3rd chromosome dominant marker, st indicate that bl is located on chromosome 3 at a distance of 15 map units from st. | 1976 | 938979 |
| a prospective study of the effects of ultralow volume (ulv) aerial application of malathion on epidemic plasmodium falciparum malaria. i. study design and perspective. | a large-scale prospective study was designed to test the effects of aerial ultralow volume (ulv) application of malathion on epidemic plasmodium falciparum malaria. the study was conducted during 1972 to 1973, in the miragoane valley of haiti, an area having annual anticipated outbreaks of malaria, which allowed prospective assessment. spraying of malathion at a dosage of 4.5 fluid ounces per acre reduced populations of adult anopheles albimanus to less than 1% of prespray levels and interrupted ... | 1975 | 1091167 |
| a prospective study of the effects of ultralow volume (ulv) aerial application of malathion on epidemic plasmodium falciparum malaria. ii. entomologic and operational aspects. | in a large-scale study in the miragoane valley of haiti, designed to test the effects of aerial ultralow volume (ulv) malathion on epidemic plasmodium falciparum malaria, spray operations resulted in an immediate and sharp decline in numbers of the vector, anopheles albimanus. the adult population of this mosquito remained at less than 1% of previous levels until several weeks after a 50-day spray period (27 october-16 december 1972) during which six cycles were completed. the study area offered ... | 1975 | 1091168 |
| a prospective study of the effects of ultralow volume (ulv) aerial application of malathion on epidemic plasmodium falciparum malaria. iv. epidemiologic aspects. | in the miragoane valley of haiti a consistent pattern in the incidence of plasmodium falciparum malaria over a 10-year period made it possible to predict an annual outbreak and perform a prospective study to test the effects of aerial ultralow volume (ulv) malathion on epidemic levels of this disease. at the end of october 1972, after epidemic levels (100 cases/month/10,000 population) had been reached, spray operations were begun. the first spray cycle produced a sharp and immediate drop in pop ... | 1975 | 1091170 |
| natural infections of anopheles albimanus with plasmodium in a small malaria focus. | entomologic surveys conducted in a small village in an area of known high malaria transmission in el salvador yielded a high rate of infection in anopheles albimanus collected inside houses in which cases of malaria had occurred. of 324 specimens dissected, 12 were found to harbor sporozoites or oocysts. this is in contrast to prior reports of extremely low infection rates in collections of this species from malarious areas, and suggests that under some circumstances a. albimanus does meet the c ... | 1975 | 1098498 |
| resistance to organophosphates and carbamates in anopheles albimanus based on reduced sensitivity of acetylcholinesterase. | 1975 | 1141487 | |
| field evaluations of three types of light traps for collection of anopheles albimanus wiedeman (diptera: culicidae). | 1975 | 1181447 | |
| studies on x-ray induced chromosomal translocations in anopheles albimanus. i. chromosomal translocations and genetic control. | 2005 | 1200253 | |
| studies on x-ray induced chromosomal translocations in anopheles albimanus. ii. laboratory evaluation of sexual competitiveness of translocation males. | 1975 | 1200254 | |
| results of spraying with ultra-low-volume malathion at ground level in panama city. | several ultra-low-volume (ulv) sprayings of technical malathion (95 per cent) were carried out in panama city. their purpose was to find out how useful this ulv technique could be in helping to combat mosquitoes, especially aedes aegypti. two residential areas were selected as sites for the trials. one of these was san francisco, a district near the shoreline of the bay of panama with many individual houses and a few tall buildings. the other was el cangrejo, a district further inland containing ... | 1975 | 1212538 |
| proceedings: carbamate and organophosphate resistance in anopheles albimanus. | 1975 | 1216307 | |
| analysis of the principal problems impeding normal development of malaria eradication programs. | the problems currently impeding the advance of anti-malaria programs in the americas fall into several different categories. these include vector resistance to insecticides, parasite resistance to chloroquine, human behavior patterns which promote human/vector contact or reduce the impact of control efforts, and developments affecting operation, administration, and financing of the control program itself. vector resistance, of course, may be either physiological, behavioral, or both. with regard ... | 1975 | 1240013 |
| studies on x-ray induced chromosomal translocations in anopheles albimanus. iii. effect of the release of translocation males on the dynamics of cage populations. | anopheles albimanus males carrying an y-autosome translocation were continuously released into a cage population at a ratio of 1:5 in favor of translocation males. the release caused a significant decrease in the absolute density of cage populations. virtually complete replacement of wild type y chromosome by translocated y chromosome was observed after four generations. the results obtained from the cage experiments encourage actual field trials for the control of this vector species. | 1976 | 1259080 |
| linkage relationships and chromosome assignment of four esterase loci in the mosquito anopheles albimanus. | although anopheline mosquitoes are important vectors of malaria, their genetic makeup has not yet been extensively investigated. the present studies concentrate on the genetic basis of esterases in anopheles albinomanus. nine zones of esterase activity activity have been resolved by gel electrophoresis. four of these esterases: est-2, est-4, est-6, and est-8 are present throughout all developmental stages and also posess allelic variation. mass matings were carried out with homozygous males and ... | 0 | 1269905 |
| ecology of malaria vectors in the americas and future direction. | the resurgence of malaria in the americas has renewed interest in anopheles biology. anopheles darlingi, an. albimanus, an. nuneztovai and an. aquasalis are reconfirmed as major malaria vectors and other species are playing important roles in regional malaria transmission. adult biting activity and larval ecology are discussed in detail. seasonal abundance and daily biting activity of anophelines vary considerably among species and geographically for the same species. anopheles albimanus has the ... | 1992 | 1343717 |
| virus-dependent mortality in rift valley fever, eastern equine encephalomyelitis, and chikungunya virus-inoculated mosquito (diptera: culicidae) larvae. | the effect of inoculation of mosquito larvae with rift valley fever (rvf) virus on survival to the adult stage was evaluated in aedes aegypti (l.), ae. fowleri (charmoy), ae. mcintoshi huang, ae. taeniorhynchus (wiedemann), ae. triseriatus (say), eretmapodites quinquevittatus theobald, anopheles albimanus wiedemann, and culex pipiens l. pupation rates were similar for rvf virus-inoculated and diluent-inoculated larvae of all mosquito species tested except cx. pipiens. however, with the exception ... | 1992 | 1357176 |
| scanning electron microscopy of egg hatching of anopheles albimanus (diptera: culicidae). | scanning electron and light microscopic observations showed that egg hatching in anopheles albimanus wiedemann is aided by a chisel-shaped spine. this hatching tooth is surrounded by a thin flexible membrane fixed to a groove in the head of the larvae. increased intracranial pressure may force the spine against the egg shell until a fissure is produced. further opening of the egg is achieved by movements of the head and the entire body of the larva. | 1992 | 1404271 |
| tests for the existence of genetic determination or conditioning in host selection by anopheles albimanus (diptera: culicidae). | the existence of sympatric populations within anopheles albimanus wiedemann with specific host preferences and the question of whether host selection has a genetic basis or is a learned characteristic were investigated. progeny of wild females collected from corrals or human bait were reared in an insectary. f1 females were fed on a cow or on a human host, allowed to oviposit, and then were released in an experimental hut divided into three compartments. the side rooms occupied by two human or o ... | 1992 | 1404273 |
| a generalized approach to detection of organophosphate resistance in mosquitoes. | insecticide bioassays and biochemical microtitre assays were compared for detection of resistance to the organophosphate insecticides malathion and fenitrothion, using inbred laboratory strains of malaria vectors anopheles albimanus wiedemann, an.arabiensis patton and an.stephensi liston. with susceptible mosquitoes, the lt100 values determined from bioassays corresponded closely with times taken to abolish the activity of acetylcholinesterase activity in biochemical assays: approximately 2 h fo ... | 1992 | 1421479 |
| field evaluation of an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for estimating the sporozoite rate in anopheles albimanus. | we have verified for specimens of anopheles albimanus that an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) used to assess plasmodium vivax and p. falciparum sporozoite antigen rates gives results comparable to the salivary gland dissection method for estimating sporozoite rates. for 14,150 adults of an. albimanus, captured at five locations in guatemala, we report sporozoite antigen rates of 0.03-0.57%, which correlate with the malaria prevalences at the study sites. we also present data that sugge ... | 1992 | 1443346 |
| gonotrophic cycle and survivorship of anopheles albimanus (diptera: culicidae) in southern mexico. | the length of the gonotrophic cycle of anopheles albimanus was estimated by 12 mark-release-recapture studies conducted in corrals in southern mexico from 1987 to 1990. the initial set of three mark-release studies indicated that the gonotrophic cycle takes at least 4 d based on the day when gravid mosquitoes were first recaptured. however, in later experiments, mosquitoes recaptured seeking hosts at 48 h after release were in sella's and christophers' stages i and ii, but parity rates had nearl ... | 1992 | 1625288 |
| scanning electron microscopic observations of anopheles albimanus (diptera: culicidae) eggs. | to investigate the existence of subspecies of anopheles albimanus wiedeman in southern mexico, the egg morphology of specimens obtained from several field populations and from insectary-adapted colonies of uniform pupal phenotype was examined. scanning electron microscopic observations have shown that the eggs of an. albimanus are polymorphic in respect to the size and shape of their floats, but not in their ornamentation. four types of eggs were found. differences in the proportion of the vario ... | 1992 | 1625289 |
| heat-shock mortality and induced thermotolerance in larvae of the mosquito anopheles albimanus. | temperature effects on anopheles albimanus larval survival were investigated. larvae were exposed to 30 min heat shocks at various temperatures. almost no mortality was observed at 40 degrees c, but was complete at 43 degrees c. increased larval thermotolerance could be induced by higher rearing temperature or by a 30 min exposure to 37 degrees c. | 1991 | 1787398 |
| efficacy assessment of quwenling, a mosquito repellent from china. | quwenling, an insect repellent product of china derived from extracts of the lemon eucalyptus plant (eucalyptus maculata citriodon), was evaluated. laboratory tests compared quwenling with deet against anopheles albimanus, an. quadrimaculatus, aedes aegypti, ae. albopictus and field tests with ae. taeniorhynchus. cloth treated with quwenling at greater than 2x the dosage of deet was effective against 2 of 4 species tested (ae. albopictus 29 days, an. quadrimaculatus 28 days). on the skin of volu ... | 1991 | 1791453 |
| genetic structure of natural populations of anopheles albimanus in colombia. | electrophoretic and cytogenetic studies were undertaken on the population structure of anopheles albimanus from 11 localities in colombia, 3 from northern (atlantic coast) and 8 from southern (pacific coast) regions. of the 25 allozyme loci examined, significant allele frequency differences were observed at 4 loci: hydroxy acid dehydrogenase (had-1) and 3 esterases (est-2, est-4 and est-6). the northern populations had higher variability, with 55% polymorphic loci, a mean heterozygosity of 20.4% ... | 1991 | 1791454 |
| field evaluation of ultra-low volume applications with a mixture of d-allethrin and d-phenothrin for control of anopheles albimanus in haiti. | ultra-low volume applications of d-allethrin and d-phenothrin could possibly reduce populations of anopheles albimanus when used in conjunction with residual spraying of fenitrothion. the experiments were carried out in les cayes, haiti. | 1991 | 1791463 |
| [the pilot project results of applications of the biolarvicide bacillus sphaericus 2362 on mosquito breeding grounds of the town of santa cruz del norte (la habana province)]. | the effectiveness of the bacillus sphaericus strain 2362 in liquid formulation, at a 10 ml/m2 dose, was tested in 157 breeding sites of culex quinquefasciatus mosquitos, 2 breeding sites of culex quinquefasciatus and anopheles albimanus and 1 breeding site of aedes taeniorhynchus, consisting of 1 river, 2 oxidation ponds, 1 pond, 4 dams, 2 microdams and 150 pits. the results reached with the application of 1800 1 of biolarvicide show its effectiveness. within 24 hours of treatment, mortality rat ... | 1991 | 1801088 |
| [the infective capacity of the nematode romanomermis culicivorax ross et smith, 1976 (rhabditida: mermithidae) in mosquito larvae of the species anopheles albimanus wiedemann, 1821 (diptera: culicidae) under natural conditions]. | an experimental study was carried out in two natural breeding sites of anopheles albimanus wiedemann, 1821 in havana city, in order to test the effectiveness of the nematode romanomermis culicivorax ross and smith, 1976. in one of the breeding sites fresh preparasiticals from eggs recently hatched in cultures were applied at a 10:1 dose, a mean infestation rate being found of mean = 3 with a 97 +/- 0.86% mortality. the second breeding site was treated with preparasiticals 30 hours after their ob ... | 1991 | 1801090 |
| comparative sensitivity of four anopheles (diptera: culicidae) to five repellents. | five repellents were evaluated against anopheles albimanus wiedemann an. freeborni aitken, an. gambiae giles, and an. stephensi liston, using a "free choice," dose-response testing procedure on rabbits. overall, deet was the most effective repellent based on effective dosages (ed50's and ed95's), except against an. albimanus. an. albimanus was significantly more tolerant to deet compared with dimethyl phthalate or ethyl hexanediol. permethrin was effective against all four anopheline species at ... | 1991 | 1875369 |
| age structure and abundance levels in the entomological evaluation of an insecticide used in the control of anopheles albimanus in southern mexico. | applications of bendiocarb produced a high insecticidal residual effect lasting up to 3 months on the most common indoor house surfaces. no significant decreases in mosquito man-biting rate levels were observed between treated and untreated villages. it was shown that almost equal proportions of intra- and peridomicillary mosquitoes came into contact with the insecticide, indicating that mosquitoes commonly enter houses, rest on treated surfaces and return to bite both indoors and outdoors. alth ... | 1991 | 1895076 |
| plasmodium berghei ookinete densities in three anopheline species. | plasmodium berghei ookinete kinetics and densities were examined in the blood meals of 3 species of anopheles mosquitoes fed simultaneously from a gametocytemic mouse. simple techniques were developed for estimating relative and absolute ookinete densities within individual mosquito blood meals. the kinetics of ookinete formation were similar in all 3 species, with peak ookinete densities occurring from 12 to 24 hr postingestion. ookinete densities consistently were lower in anopheles stephensi ... | 1991 | 1919925 |
| dot-blot test for identification of insecticide-resistant acetylcholinesterase in single insects. | a test was developed to detect the presence of insecticide-resistant acetylcholinesterase (ache) in single insects based on the quasipermanent binding of proteins onto blotting membranes. the method is simple, sensitive, requires inexpensive equipment, and produces a permanent record of results. ache activity is revealed by the karnovsky & roots staining technique in the presence of propoxur, or after exposure of the membrane to paraoxon and rinsing with water. we chose insecticide concentration ... | 1991 | 2019683 |
| structural diversity of trypsin from different mosquito species feeding on vertebrate blood. | mosquito trypsin was purified using a combination of ion exchange and affinity chromatography with the ligand soybean trypsin inhibitor. three aedes and three anopheles species were tested, all of which are specialized in the digestion of vertebrate blood. amino-terminal sequences of hplc-purified trypsins from aedes aegypti and anopheles quadrimaculatus revealed homologies of 30-40% with vertebrate and other invertebrate proteases previously identified as serine-proteases. the purified mosquito ... | 1991 | 2065758 |
| limnological and botanical characterization of larval habitats for two primary malarial vectors, anopheles albimanus and anopheles pseudopunctipennis, in coastal areas of chiapas state, mexico. | field surveys of mosquito breeding sites on the pacific coastal plain and foothill regions of southern chiapas, mexico, were carried out in the dry and wet seasons of 1988. at each site, selected environmental variables were measured or estimated, presence and percent cover of aquatic plants recorded, a water sample collected for subsequent analyses, and 10-30 dips made for mosquito larvae. logistic regression and discriminant analyses revealed that the occurrence of anopheles albimanus larvae i ... | 1990 | 2098467 |
| studies of the susceptibility of anopheles albimanus and anopheles vestitipennis from dajabon, dominican republic, to insecticides. | insecticide susceptibility of anopheles albimanus and an. vestitipennis in dajabon province, dominican republic, was investigated. only 74.3% of an. albimanus exposed to 4% ddt for 1 h died. the mortality in this species following exposure for 1 h to 0.25% permethrin was also 74.3%. however, this species was susceptible to malathion, fenitrothion and propoxur. the mortality obtained following exposure of an. vestitipennis to 4% ddt and 0.1% propoxur, both for 1 h, was 71% and 100%, respectively. ... | 1990 | 2098471 |
| bionomic studies of the anopheles mosquitoes of dajabon, dominican republic. | field studies of dajabon province, dominican republic, revealed that anopheles albimanus and an. vestitipennis were the most abundant anopheline species followed by an. crucians and an. grabhamii. three of the species were collected as adults and larvae whereas an. grabhamii was found only in the adult stage. perennial ponds and rice fields were the most important larval habitats. the anophelines were predominantly exophilic and exophagic; however, outdoor resting sites could not be identified. ... | 1990 | 2098472 |
| field evaluation of four biorational larvicide formulations against anopheles albimanus in honduras. | four biorational larvicide formulations: teknar (b.t.i.), arosurf msf (monomolecular surface film), arosurf msf combined with teknar, and san-809-i ([s]-methoprene combined with b.t.i.), were evaluated against naturally occurring populations of the malaria vector mosquito anopheles albimanus wiedemann in honduras. all formulations reduced the mean number of larvae per sample area to 0 within 48 h after treatment, and gave significant (p less than 0.05) control when compared with similar untreate ... | 1990 | 2133006 |
| testing anopheles albimanus for genetic linkage of insecticide resistance genes by combining insecticide bioassay and biochemical methods. | a microtitre-plate assay which distinguishes propoxur-resistant from susceptibles anopheles albimanus weidemann was used to test for linkage between the genes for propoxur- and dieldrin-resistance. the adult progeny of a backcross between a doubly-resistant colony and a fully susceptible colony were exposed in conventional test kits to the standard discriminating dose of dieldrin, and kept in the insectary overnight. both live and dead insects were then assayed individually for propoxur-resistan ... | 1990 | 2133012 |
| attraction of mosquitoes to diethyl methylbenzamide and ethyl hexanediol. | studies by prior workers have shown that insect repellents can act as attractants when present as low concentrations, deposits or residues. in the present study deet and ethyl hexanediol were tested in 2-fold serial doses from 1.9 x 10(-9) to 1.6 x 10(-2) mg/cm2 on the forearms of volunteers against colonized anopheles albimanus, aedes aegypti and ae. taeniorhynchus. both compounds were significantly repellent at the high end of the dose range, as expected. neither was significantly attractant t ... | 1990 | 2230775 |
| [water pollution and presence of anopheles albimanus wiedemann, 1821 and culex nigripalpus theobald, 1901]. | 1990 | 2259776 | |
| small scale field trials of bacillus sphaericus (strain 2362) against anopheline and culicine mosquito larvae in southern mexico. | experimental breeding sites simulating natural conditions were used to evaluate the efficacy of 2 formulations of bacillus sphaericus (strain 2362) against anopheles albimanus and culicine (mostly culex coronator and cx. quinquefasciatus) mosquito larvae of southern mexico. three doses of each formulation were used in a first field trial: 2, 3 and 4 g/m2 (granular) or 2, 3 and 4 ml/m2 (liquid); and in a second field trial: 0.125, 0.24 and 0.5 g/m2 (granular) or 0.125, 0.25 and 0.5 ml/m2 (liquid) ... | 1990 | 2370538 |
| comparative functional morphology of the mouth brushes of mosquito larvae (diptera: culicidae). | structural and morphological features of the feeding brushes of fourth instars of four species of mosquitoes were studied using light and scanning electron microscopes. the fine structure of the elements of the lateral palatal brushes, anteromedian palatal brushes, mandibular brushes and combs, and maxillary brushes of each species was investigated and related to feeding behavior. the movement of the mouth brushes in living larvae was observed by stereomicroscopy under laboratory conditions. mou ... | 1990 | 2388219 |
| field evaluation of methods for estimating carbamate resistance in anopheles albimanus mosquitos from a microplate assay for insensitive acetylcholinesterase. | the reliability of a published method to predict survivorship in the who propoxur-resistance bioassay (who test) from the results of a biochemical assay for detecting the insensitivity of acetylcholinesterase (ache) is described. for biochemical assay data from three field populations of anopheles albimanus mosquitos, the results obtained using the method did not correlate consistently with the findings of the who test. a modified method is then described that eliminates the effect on the assay ... | 0 | 2393978 |
| rapid microtitre plate test distinguishes insecticide resistant acetylcholinesterase genotypes in the mosquitoes anopheles albimanus, an. nigerrimus and culex pipiens. | a rapid method of distinguishing insecticide insensitive acetylcholinesterase (ache) genotypes was applied to three species of mosquitoes. this relies on comparing rates of an ache mediated reaction in the presence and absence of insecticides which are inhibitors, using a kinetic microtitre plate reader. clearer and more rapid resolution between genotypes was achieved than with previous assays which measure the amount of product formed at a fixed end-point. results are presented for the f1s from ... | 1989 | 2519652 |
| variation in binding of bacillus sphaericus toxin and wheat germ agglutinin to larval midgut cells of six species of mosquitoes. | bacillus sphaericus toxin labeled with fluorescein isothiocyanate was readily ingested by culex pipiens, aedes aegypti, anopheles stephensi, anopheles gambiae, anopheles quadrimaculatus, and anopheles albimanus larvae. fluorescent toxin bound to the luminal cell surface in discrete regions of the posterior midgut and gastric caecum in c. pipiens. in anopheles spp., toxin bound in a variable pattern to these structures and central and anterior midgut as well. the toxin did not bind to midgut cell ... | 1989 | 2566636 |
| natural control of larval anopheles albimanus (diptera: culicidae) by the predator mesocyclops (copepoda: cyclopoida). | forty-two ground water sites on the pacific and atlantic coasts of colombia were sampled quantitatively with a plankton net to assess the abundance of mosquito larvae and associated fauna. many of the sites contained substantial numbers of anopheles albimanus wiedemann larvae, but the larvae were virtually absent wherever there were large populations of the copepods mesocyclops venezolanus, m. longisetus, or m. aspericornis. mesocyclops were observed to prey readily upon first-instar an. albiman ... | 1989 | 2585457 |
| irritability to ddt of natural populations of the primary malaria vectors in colombia. | natural populations of anopheles albimanus, an. darlingi and an. nuneztovari were tested for their irritability to ddt in different regions of colombia. individual anophelines were exposed to filter papers impregnated with 2% ddt and irritability was determined based on the number of flights a mosquito made in 15 min. all three species showed variability in their irritability to ddt. anopheles albimanus showed irritability only in bolivar, but not in three other regions. anopheles darlingi showe ... | 1989 | 2708989 |
| isolation and characterization of histones from anopheles albimanus weidemann. | 1. histones from anopheles albimanus adults were prepared by a combination of techniques including chromatin isolation and selective extractions. 2. the anopheline histones were identified on acid urea gels by comparing their electrophoretic profile with that of calf thymus histones and histones isolated from other tissue. 3. excellent separation of histones was obtained after the extractions by a single electrophoretic run. 4. in addition to the five major classes of histones found in eukaryote ... | 1989 | 2721151 |
| factors influencing ingestion of particulate materials by mosquito larvae (diptera: culicidae). | relative ingestion rates of mosquito larvae, as indicated by the number of substrate-filled gut segments per unit time, were determined for culex tarsalis coquillett, aedes aetypti l., and anopheles albimanus wiedemann. among the three species, ae. aegypti larvae were the most rapid feeders. f50 (median time for complete repletion of 50% of the larvae) was 61, 42, and 100 min for the three species feeding on a wheat flour suspension, respectively. food particles with nutritive values (dried yeas ... | 1989 | 2724318 |
| effect of temperature on an enzyme assay to detect fenitrothion resistance in anopheles albimanus mosquitos. | a laboratory strain of anopheles albimanus wiedemann of known fenitrothion resistance was used in the field to compare the results of the who test for determining fenitrothion resistance in mosquitos with those of an enzyme microplate assay. the level of resistance obtained with the enzyme assay increased with the ambient temperature, and in order to compensate for this temperature effect, the incubation time was reduced. with the adjusted incubation times, the results for the microassay from 23 ... | 0 | 2743539 |
| detection of organophosphate detoxifying esterases by dot-blot immunoassay in culex mosquitoes. | a dot-blot immunoassay, using antiserum raised against esterase b1 responsible for organophosphate (op) resistance in culex quinquefasciatus, was used to study different laboratory strains and field collections of this species, as well as of cx. pipiens, cx. tarsalis, anopheles albimanus and an. stephensi. the frequency of esterase b1 positive individuals revealed by this test was in agreement with the data obtained by other methods, indicating the potential of this method for the detection and ... | 1989 | 2746205 |
| microassay of acetylcholinesterase activity in small portions of single mosquito homogenates. | 1. a simple, rapid microassay method is described for measuring acetylcholinesterase (ache) activity accurately and precisely in small portions of single mosquito homogenates. 2. up to 30 microassay replicates were possible for individual insects. 3. microassay data on individual mosquitoes were compared with conventional enzyme assay data acquired using pools of the same homogenates. 4. under the optimum reaction conditions established, an average vmax of 7.1 nmol/l/min/mosquito and an average ... | 1988 | 2904854 |
| isolation and characterization of chromosomal proteins from the mosquito anopheles albimanus weidemann. | 1. nuclei were isolated from adult anopheline mosquitoes and fractionated into nucleolar chromatin, nucleoplasmic chromatin and ribonucleoprotein particles by sucrose density gradients. 2. histones and nonhistone proteins were selectively dissociated from chromatin by treatment with sodium chloride, urea and guanidine hc1. 3. a special class of nonhistone proteins (tight proteins) were extracted from chromatin with na4p2o7. 4. the electrophoretic properties of the histones, nonhistone proteins a ... | 1988 | 2907884 |
| host range and selected factors influencing the mosquito larvicidal activity of the pg-14 isolate of bacillus thuringiensis var. morrisoni. | laboratory bioassay of the pg-14 isolate of bacillus thuringiensis var. morrisoni (serotype 8a:8b) against early fourth instar larvae of 8 species of mosquitoes revealed a range of susceptibilities similar to the susceptibilities of these species to bacillus thuringiensis var. israelensis (serotype 14). the most susceptible species were: culex quinquefasciatus, cx. salinarius, anopheles albimanus and aedes aegypti. the least susceptible species tested was an. quadrimaculatus. separate bioassays ... | 1988 | 3193097 |
| microplate assay analysis of reduced fenitrothion susceptibility in haitian anopheles albimanus. | reduced fenitrothion susceptibility in haitian anopheles albimanus is documented using time/mortality measurements from otherwise standard world health organization (who) bioassays. survival beyond a time threshold in bioassays is shown to be highly correlated with elevated non-specific esterase levels. a shift in resistance incidence from less than 20 to over 60% in a six-month period is documented using both the bioassay and microassay procedures, showing the potential of microplate assay meth ... | 1988 | 3193111 |
| laboratory evaluation of formulations of bacillus thuringiensis var. israelensis combined with methoprene or a monomolecular surface film against anopheles albimanus and an. stephensi. | 1988 | 3193121 | |
| mosquito repellents: monocarboxylic esters of aliphatic diols. | selected monocarboxylic esters of aliphatic diols that contained an alicyclic group in the acyl portion of the molecule were effective repellents for aedes aegypti, anopheles quadrimaculatus and an. albimanus when tested on cloth. although 25 of the esters provided greater than 21 days of protection against all 3 species, the repellent potency of the 143 hydroxyesters that were tested was found to vary with mosquito species. anopheles quadrimaculatus was especially susceptible to this type of st ... | 1988 | 3199120 |
| laboratory oviposition, fecundity and egg hatching ability of colonized anopheles albimanus from southwestern mexico. | fecundity, oviposition patterns and egg hatching characteristics were studied in two colonies of anopheles albimanus isolated from the pacific coast of southern mexico. fecundity was inversely proportional to the cage space available to the female and was influenced by the bloodmeal source, feeding method and previous feeding history. the length of the gonotrophic cycle decreased with succeeding experience from a mean 6.6 in the first to 2.6 days for the fifth cycle. oviposition timing was also ... | 1988 | 3225569 |
| microplate assay analysis of the distribution of organophosphate and carbamate resistance in guatemalan anopheles albimanus. | simple microplate assay methods for determining the frequency of insecticide resistance in single mosquitos were used to study the distribution and localization of organophosphate and carbamate resistance in field populations of anopheles albimanus weidemann in guatemala, where such resistance, caused by heavy use of agricultural pesticides, has long been assumed to be widespread. areas of complete susceptibility to organophosphates and carbamates were observed, as well as areas where the resist ... | 1988 | 3262440 |
| genetic variability and mapping of peptidase-4 in anopheles albimanus. | field-collected and laboratory populations of anopheles albimanus were analyzed for the presence of variability for the enzyme, peptidase. four zones of peptidase electromorphs were observed. the peptidase-4 (pep-4) locus was analyzed genetically and assigned to a location adjacent to the centromere on the right arm of chromosome 2 by employing crosses involving morphological mutants, allozyme markers, a holandric translocation, and pericentric inversions. the gene sequence (and map distances) o ... | 2011 | 3305694 |
| [susceptibility and/or resistance of adult anopheles albimanus wiedemann, 1821 (diptera: culicidae) to insecticides used in public health and in agriculture]. | 1987 | 3313561 | |
| [results obtained in the laboratory on the breeding of anopheles albimanus wiedemann, 1821 (diptera-culicidae) in cuba]. | 2012 | 3313562 | |
| reduction of malaria prevalence after introduction of romanomermis culicivorax (mermithidae: nematoda) in larval anopheles habitats in colombia. | the worldwide resurgence of malaria has become a major public health problem. new methods of controlling the vectors of the disease are required, and we therefore studied the biological control of anopheles albimanus by romanomermis culicivorax in colombia. the investigation was carried out in el valle and nuquí, two towns on the northern pacific coast of the country. all of the mosquito larval habitats surrounding el valle were seeded with the eggs and adults of r. culicivorax. the nematode est ... | 1987 | 3499249 |
| efficacy of arosurf msf and formulations of bacillus thuringiensis var. israelensis against anopheles albimanus: laboratory bioassay. | the efficacy of arosurf msf alone and in combination with three preparations of bacillus thuringiensis var. israelensis (b.t.i.) against anopheles albimanus larvae, pupae and eggs was determined by bioassay. arosurf msf alone was effective against the egg, 4th larval instar and pupal stages. all arosurf msf and b.t.i. combined formulations produced over 90% mortality of all larvae and pupae, 48 hr posttreatment. egg eclosion was reduced to approximately 25% with all formulations containing arosu ... | 1987 | 3504934 |
| floating bait formulations increase effectiveness of bacillus thuringiensis var. israelensis against anopheles larvae. | the development and screening of floating-type bait formulations designed to improve the activity of bacterial toxins against larval anopheles is described. floating and spreading abilities of carrier particles (wheat flour) were compared using corn oil, lecithin, and two products yielding surface films on water (arosurf and liparol). mixtures containing 1 or 5% arosurf showed the best spreading abilities on a water surface, but strongly inhibited the ingestion of wheat flour by anopheles albima ... | 1987 | 3504944 |
| the biting and resting behavior of anopheles albimanus in northern haiti. | a one-year study of the biting and resting habits of the malaria vector anopheles albimanus was carried out in four rural villages of northern haiti. man-biting rates and nightly biting cycles were determined by the use of all-night man-biting captures inside and outside houses. seasonal changes in density and behavior were determined by repeating the captures on a bimonthly basis throughout one year. exophily was demonstrated in these anopheline populations by a comparison of inside-biting with ... | 1986 | 3507484 |
| comparison of an experimental updraft ultraviolet light trap with the cdc miniature light trap and biting collections in sampling for anopheles albimanus in haiti. | three methods of capturing anopheles albimanus mosquitoes were compared during a field study in four villages in northern haiti. updraft ultraviolet (uv) light traps proved to be more effective than biting collections, regardless of season or whether the tests were done indoors or outdoors. biting collections were in turn more effective than the centers for disease control (cdc) miniature light traps. updraft uv light traps and biting collections yielded more an. albimanus outdoors than indoors; ... | 1986 | 3507485 |
| field trial in chiapas, mexico, of a rapid detection method for malaria in anopheline vectors with low infection rates. | a method consisting of filtration of up to 100 macerated mosquitoes in a batch, followed by fixation with glutaraldehyde and concentration of filtrate by centrifugation has been developed to rapidly assess malaria infection in anopheline mosquitoes. determination of the presence of sporozoites is made by observation of a sample of the final filtrate with a phase microscope. the method is simple and field adaptable, essential factors for the application of any technique to large scale field opera ... | 1986 | 3513640 |
| genetic mapping, distribution, and properties of an aconitase isozyme in anopheles albimanus (diptera:culicidae). | electrophoretic analysis of the developmental stages and tissues of anopheles albimanus showed that qualitatively similar allozymes of aconitase (acon-2) occur at all stages, and the enzyme is widespread in every larval and adult tissues. relative heat stabilities of the allozymes were investigated by electrophoresis of heated aqueous extracts and by heating the enzyme in situ in acrylamide gels after electrophoretic separation in tris-citrate and tris-maleate buffer systems. the pupal aconitase ... | 1987 | 3579868 |
| an evaluation of bendiocarb and deltametrin applications in the same mexican village and their impact on populations of anopheles albimanus. | 1987 | 3664052 | |
| the sporogonic cycle of plasmodium reichenowi. | plasmodium reichenowi, a malarial parasite of the chimpanzee, was infective to anopheles freeborni, anopheles quadrimaculatus, anopheles stephensi, anopheles maculatus, anopheles dirus, and anopheles culicifacies mosquitoes. anopheles gambiae and anopheles albimanus were not infected. mean oocyst diameters of p. reichenowi were smaller than those of the other chimpanzee parasite, plasmodium schwetzi. sporozoites were present in the salivary glands of an. freeborni at 15 days when held at 25 to 2 ... | 1986 | 3734994 |
| the status of deet (n,n-diethyl-m-toluamide) as a repellent for anopheles albimanus. | 1985 | 3880221 | |
| recessive lethal mutations in anopheles albimanus. | six recessive lethal mutants of anopheles albimanus are described. homozygotes for three of the autosomal mutants, viz., bar eye, dot eye and hairy, die during the last larval or early pupal stages; complete linkage data are lacking for bar eye and hairy but dot eye is tightly linked to red eye on the right arm of chromosome 2. larval and pupal mortality is high for homozygotes of the other two autosomal mutants, diseased larva and lunate. survival to the adult stage of the lunate type is about ... | 1985 | 3880234 |
| maintenance of anopheles albimanus on frozen blood. | 1985 | 3880275 | |
| infectivity of two strains of plasmodium vivax to anopheles albitarsis mosquitoes from colombia. | anopheles albitarsis obtained from villavicencio, colombia, were colonized in the laboratory using force-mating techniques. laboratory reared mosquitoes were allowed to feed on aotus monkeys infected with the salvador ii or the rio meta strains of plasmodium vivax from el salvador and colombia, respectively. in comparison with other species, the an. albitarsis were less susceptible than anopheles freeborni, anopheles culicifacies and strains of anopheles albimanus from el salvador, panama and co ... | 1985 | 3912483 |
| vector competence of cartagena strain of anopheles albimanus for plasmodium falciparum and p. vivax. | 1985 | 3913070 | |
| evaluation of chlorphoxim used against anopheles albimanus on the south coast of mexico: 2. use of two curtain-trap techniques in a village-scale evaluation trial. | 1985 | 4027455 | |
| studies on a newly isolated strain of plasmodium brasilianum in aotus and saimiri monkeys and different anophelines. | a strain of plasmodium brasilianum was isolated from an aotus vociferans monkey from peru. the parasite readily infected aotus monkeys from bolivia and columbia and saimiri sciureus monkeys from peru and bolivia. highest level mosquito infections were obtained by feeding on the saimiri monkeys. the most susceptible mosquito was anopheles freeborni, followed by anopheles dirus, anopheles stephensi, anopheles gambiae, anopheles culicifacies, anopheles maculatus and anopheles albimanus. anopheles q ... | 1985 | 4093810 |
| the comparative toxicity of ddt and analogues to susceptible and resistant houseflies and mosquitos. | studies of the comparative toxicity of more than 120 ddt analogues to susceptible and insecticide-resistant houseflies (musca domestica l.) and mosquitos (culex fatigans wiedemann and anopheles albimanus wiedemann) have shown that the relative effectiveness of these compounds against ddt-resistant insects is correlated with the susceptibility of the molecule to attack by ddt-ase at the benzylic hydrogen. compounds highly effective against ddt-resistant flies and mosquitos are produced by blockin ... | 0 | 4386201 |
| aliphatic amines against insecticide-susceptible and resistant strains of culex pipiens quinquefasciatus and anopheles albimanus. | 1969 | 4387585 | |
| development of resistance to carbamates and organophosphorus compounds in anopheles albimanus in nature. | 0 | 4538199 | |
| the practical implications of resistance of malaria vectors to insecticides. | insecticide resistance is an inherent characteristic dependent on relatively simple genetic mechanisms. this seems to be especially true of dieldrin resistance in anopheline mosquitos, though less obvious in ddt resistance among these species; little is known as yet about the inheritance of organophosphate and carbamate resistance as it occurs in anopheles albimanus. the speed of selection of resistance depends on the original frequency of the gene or genes involved, the nature of the resistance ... | 0 | 4547328 |
| population patterns of anopheles albimanus and their significance to malaria abatement. | data obtained between 1967 and 1972 on naturally occurring populations of a. albimanus in el salvador were used to construct 24-hour and seasonal patterns of activity for the species. the resulting patterns are discussed in terms of control implications, and specific examples are given to relate the importance of a knowledge of population dynamics to the success of conventional and alternative methods of anopheline control in malaria abatement programmes. a retrospective view of a successful fea ... | 1974 | 4548395 |
| recent developments in methods of mosquito control. | since residual insecticide spraying in domiciles does not sufficiently control some species of anophelines to halt malaria transmission, alternate methods of control have been investigated. these include ultra-low-volume (ulv) sprays or aerosols, the release of sterile males to suppress or eradicate populations, and the use of diseases or parasites to interfere with transmission or to reduce populations of mosquitos. the ulv aerial sprays gave practical control of anopheles albimanus in haiti an ... | 1974 | 4548396 |
| overnight access to sugar and response to ddt in anopheles albimanus wied. | a study was made of the response of a. albimanus females to ddt after overnight access to sugar solutions. tarsal contact with the solutions had a statistically significant protective effect proportional to the strength of the solution. prior access to sugar can produce considerable experimental error and thus invalidate ddt susceptibility tests. reports of ddt resistance among anophelines should be treated with caution when the tests were conducted on insects that had access to sugar. | 0 | 4549354 |
| carbamate resistance in anopheles albimanus. cross resistance spectrum and stability of resistance. | carbamate resistance induced in a field strain of a. albimanus from el salvador by laboratory selection with propoxur remained fairly stable on relaxation of selection pressure for 12 generations. studies on cross and multiple resistance showed that this strain was not resistant to the pyrethroids bioresmethrin, bioallethrin, and crc 11451, although resistance to cismethrin was 2.3-fold. resistance to 10 carbamates of various structural configurations covered a broad spectrum, being for example ... | 0 | 4549614 |
| insect chemosterilants: gas chromatography, p-values, and relationship of p-values to sterilant activity in pupae of anopheles albimanus. | 1973 | 4710942 |