Publications

the disulfide bridges of the trypsin-kallikrein inhibitor k from snails (helix pomatia). thermal inactivation and proteolysis by thermolysin (author's transl).	isoinhibitor k is the main component of the complex mixture of isoinhibitors of broad specificity secreted into the mucus by the roman snail (helix pomatia). the disulfide pairing was determined after the amino acid sequence had been elucidated. two cystine-containing peptides with the disulfide bridges cys32-cys53 and cys32-cys53 plus cys7-cys57 were obtained after thermolytic hydrolysis of the native inhibitor at 80 degrees c and chromatographic separation of the peptides using se-sephadex. th ...	1976	3462
studies on the hatching of miracidia of dicrocoelium dendriticum (author's transl).	the eggs of dicrocoelium dendriticum were induced to open by solutions of formic acid and caproic acid (table 1). the miracidia hatched in o2-free water after the eggs had been dried with n2 or in vacuum. the miracidia were able to live for 3 hours if water contained 20 mm nacl, 10 mm kcl, and 1 mm cacl2. ca++-ions are obviously necessary for the mobility of miracidia. the experimental use of intestinal juice of the roman snail helix pomatia gave hatching results which were dependent on the abse ...	1975	3901
tyrosine hydroxylase in snail (helix pomatia) nervous tissue.		1976	5096
relaxation kinetics of helix pomatia alpha-hemocyanin. whole-half molecule reaction at ph 5.7 in 0.4 m nacl.		2000	18098
improved hydrolysis of urinary 17-hydroxycorticosteroid glucuronides with beta-glucuronidase from helix pomatia, on adding sodium sulfate.	sodium sulfate increases the hydrolysis of urinary 17-hydroxycorticosteroid glucuronides with beta-glucuronidase preparations derived from helix pomatia because it removes the inhibitory activity of urinary high-molecular-weight substances. for maximum hydrolysis of urinary 17-hydroxycorticosteroid glucuronides, the hydrolysis 5 ml of urine, 0.5 ml of 2 mol/liter acetate buffer (ph 5.0) should be conducted in the presence of sodium sulfate (final concentration: 80 g/liter) with (a) 600 fishman u ...	1977	21763
kinetics of the bohr effect in the reaction of helix pomatia beta-hemocyanin with oxygen.		2001	29614
[immunologic properties of various cell fractions of a wild strain and a mutant strain of saccharomyces cerevisiae hansen].	some fractions of the saccharomyces cerevisiae cell wall have been prepared by the action of helix pomatia juice on intact cells. immunosera were obtained by injecting rabbits with these fractions. immunofluorescence reactions, obtained with these sera, show that some fractions of mannopeptides when extracted from a "smooth-colony" mutant strain, have lost antigenic determinants.	1977	70263
class-specific antibody titres (elisa) against the primary immunogen helix pomatia haemocyanin (hph) in man.	using the indirect elisa technique, igm, igg and iga antibody titres against the primary test immunogen helix pomatia haemocyanin (hph) could be measured. all twenty-seven normal volunteers (age range 26-74 years) developed maximal or high igm, igg and iga antibody titres 2 weeks after primary immunization with 1.0 mg hph subcutaneously. lower dose immunization resulted in submaximal responses. titre kinetics in the three ig classes correlated in height and time per person. there was no signific ...	1978	80296
some properties and the axonal transport of choline acetyltransferase in nervous tissue of the snail helix pomatia.		2000	87198
subsets of malignant lymphomas in children related to the cell phenotype.	we studied the lymphomatous cells of 39 children presenting with the classical features of malignant lymphoma. twenty-two had t lymphoblasts. we could classify these patients into three subsets: the t lymphoblasts from children group 1 displayed antigen(s) shared by a thymocyte subpopulation, had terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase (tdt), but no affinity for peanut agglutinin (pna). the t lymphoblasts from children group 2 lacked the thymocyte antigen(s), had no tdt, but showed affinity for pn ...	1999	91395
immunological and electrophoretic comparison of the haemocyanins of helix pomatia [proceedings].		2001	92959
[structuro-functional analysis of identified grape snail neurons].	the study of microanatomy of central neurons in helix pomatia showed that each identified neurone has a constant number of definitely directed processes. the branching pattern of the processes is also specific for each neurone, but in the same cell the number of the branches may vary. it is concluded, that the general morphology of the neurone is its sufficiently stable characteristic and may serve as a criterion for its identification. the possible functional role of different types of the neur ...	1999	93832
[effect of schizophrenic patients' serum immunoglobulins on nerve cell potentials].	with the aid of the microelectrode method, the influence of different protein fractions isolated from the blood serum of schizophrenic patients and normals on an edible snail was studied. the fractions were isolated by means of ion exchange chromatography and contained immunoglobulins (igg, iga, igm). it was established that the fraction of the blood serum in schizophrenic patients, containing igm is significantly stronger than the respective fraction in normals, depolarizing and inactivating th ...	1998	106612
[electron microscopic detection of blood group antigen a on human erythrocytes by means of ferritin- and gold-labelled protectin of helix pomatia].	by means of ferritin- and gold-labelled protectin from the albumen gland of the edible snail helix pomatia the blood group antigen a was located on human erythrocytes of groups a1, a2 and a1b. with erythrocytes of groups o and b the reaction is negative. the antigen is focally distributed on the outer surface of the cell membrane. cells from groups a1 and a1b have an antigen a concentration about 4 times greater than a2 cells. the numbers of particles after tagging with ferritin or gold are comp ...	1976	134531
universality of gonadotropic hormone effect. effect of mammalian fsh on the ovotestis of the snail helix pomatia.	gonadotropic hormone (fsh) stimulated markedly spermatogenesis in the ovotestis of snails. this is indicative of the presence of receptors sensitive to gonadotropic hormone in snail spermatogonia. fsh had no influence on oogenesis.	1975	168707
hydrolysis of steroid glucuronides with beta-glucuronidase preparations from bovine liver, helix pomatia, and e. coli.	we determined the enzymic activity of beta-glucuronidase preparations from bovine liver, helix pomatia, and escherischia coli with steroid glucuronides and nonsteroid glucuronides as substrates. we also studied the effect of na2so4 on the enzymic hydrolysis of several substrates with the three preparations of beta-glucuronidase. na2so4 increases the rate of hydrolysis of all substrates with beta-glucuronidase from bovine liver. hydrolysis of a steroid glucoronide with beta-glucuronidase from hel ...	1977	189953
the reaction of mercaptans with tyrosinases and hemocyanins.	1. titration of neurospora tyrosinase with 2-mercaptoethanol shows that the increase of absorbance at 700 nm is directly correlated to the loss of enzymatic activity. approximately 2 mol of 2-mercaptoethanol per mole of protein are needed for full development of the green, enzymatically inactive complex. the increase of absorbance at 700 nm is also proportional to the intensity of the epr signal and the amount of non-covalently bound 2-[35s] mercaptoethanol to the enzyme. the maximal epr intensi ...	1989	209826
[effect of 6n2'o-dibutyryl adenosine-3',5'-cyclomonophosphate on the protein synthesis of the subpharyngeal ganglia complex in the mollusk, helix pomatia].	proteins of the helix pomatia abdominal complex were separated by electrophoresis. the electrophoretic mobility of most of the proteins was rf = 0.2--0.6. the abdominal ganglion was incubated in the medium with 1 = (4.5h3)-leucine and 2.10(-6) m 6n2'o-dibutyryladenosine-3',5'-cyclomonophosphate for 3, 6 and 24 hours. it was shown that radioactivity of specific low-mol wt neuronal proteins was increased by the former, but the latter inhibited this process.	1978	218655
adherent cells as targets in mitogenic t-lymphocyte stimulation: replacement of lymphocyte-bound mitogens by nonmitogenic substances.	the sequence of events in mitogenic t-lymphocyte activation was investigated by employing purified mouse peritoneal adherent cells and t-lymphocyte populations. after treatment of adherent cells with the oxidizing agents sodium periodate or neuroaminidase plus galactose oxidase and removal of the mitogens, the cells acquired the ability to stimulate purified t-lymphocytes added subsequently. for this process of t-lymphocyte activation, the additional presence of the membrane interacting substanc ...	1979	226472
neuraminidase inhibition by chemically sulphated glycopeptides.	chemically sulphated glycopeptides (derived from pig duodenal mucosa) inhibited clostridium perfringens neuraminidase (ec 3.2.1.18) activity in a ph-dependent manner. analysis of inhibition kinetics data indicated that, although the enzyme inhibition could not be categorized into any of the classical types of inhibition, it could be interpreted as a function of the size and shape of the substrates used. the enzyme activity was inhibited by 86% and 40% when tested with bovine submaxillary-gland m ...	1979	227363
[the monoamines in molluscs. ii. dopamine and neurotransmission. cardiac dopaminergic innervation in helix pomatia (author's transl)].	in the molluscs, dopamine is very probably a chemical transmitter at the level of both the central nervous system and certain peripheral structures. the heart of helix pomatia does not have any intrinsic innervation, but it receives extrinsic innervation from fibres coming from the visceral nerve. formaldehyde fluorescence histochemistry localizes the cardiac catecholamines in some of these fibres and in their endings. however, dopamine, which dominates, does not seem to be a transmitter involve ...	1997	232723
quantitative precipitin studies on the specificity of an extract from tridacna maxima (röding).	haemolymph from the clam tridacna maxima precipitated with purified h-blood-group substances, helix pomatia galactogen, and pneumococcus type xiv polysaccharide. although gel diffusion, gel electrophoresis, and inhibition experiments indicated that only a single precipitating lectin was present in the haemolymph, quantitative precipitin and haemagglutination results suggested that a second agglutinin with anti-h-like specificity was also present. evidence obtained from hapten inhibition experime ...	1975	236090
myocardial efficiency in the isolated ventricle of the snail, helix pomatia l.		1984	241539
[gelelectrofocusing of protektin anti ahp from the albumin gland of helix pomatia (author's transl)].	the protektin anti ahp from the albumine gland of helix pomatia is a very interesting substance because of its ability to agglutinate erythrocytes of blood group a as well as group c streptococci. purification is possible by reversible absorption on sephadex g200. isoelectric focusing in a sucrose density gradient is difficult, because the protein precipitates at the isoelectric point. the agglutinin, which is homogeneous in disk electrophoresis experiments (in an alkaline gel system as well as ...	1975	242131
helix pomatia a hemagglutinin: selectivity of binding to lymphocyte surface glycoproteins on t cells and certain b cells.	human and mouse lymphocytes were surface-labeled by lactoperoxidase-catalyzed iodination, or by galactose oxidase oxidation followed by reduction with tritiated sodium borohydride. the labeled cells were lysed with nonidet p-40. proteins binding to helix pomatia a hemagglutinin (hp) were isolated by affinity chromatography on hp-sepharose and analyzed by sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and autoradiography. a major cell surface glycoprotein (apparent mol. wt. 150 000, us ...	1978	309819
a new surface marker on mouse natural killer cells: receptors for helix pomatia a hemagglutinin.	natural killer (nk) cells in normal mouse spleen have so far been found to lack conventional cell surface markers. recently, neuraminidase treatment has been shown to uncover receptors for the a hemagglutinin of the snail helix pomatia (hp) on populations (preferentially t cells) of human blood lymphocytes. we have used hp coupled to sepharose in columns to fractionate mouse spleen cells. fractions consisted of passed cells (fraction i) and cells eluted with the competitive hapten n-acetyl-d-gal ...	1978	309820
a new rat lymphocyte surface marker: characterization and separation of cells with receptors for helix pomatia hemagglutinin.	thirty-two percent of neuraminidase-treated da rat spleen lymphocytes and 48% of lymph node lymphocytes possess receptors for helix pomatia hemagglutinin (hp). moreover, these hp-receptor-bearing cells can be separated from b cells by affinity chromatography on hp-sepharose columns. the virtual absence of immunoglobulin (ig) receptors and the close correlation with reported t-cell content of these lymphoid tissues suggest that hp-receptor lymphocytes are probably t cells and that hp may provide ...	1977	322264
receptors for helix pomatia a haemagglutinin (hp) on a subpopulation of human b cells.	receptors for helix pomatia a haemagglutinin (hp) have earlier been found on neuramidinase treated t-lymphocytes in human peripheral blood. in contrast, the majority of the b-lymphocytes, characterized by surface bound igm and/or igd(sig)lack these receptors. double marker experiments with fluorochrome labelled reagents have now shown that a minor fraction (3--24%) of the igm/d bearing lymphocytes in normal human blood also have hp-receptors. these hp+ b-cells constitute approximately 1% of the ...	1978	349677
enzyme immunoassay for total oestrogens in pregnancy plasma or serum.	we have developed an enzyme immunoassay for total oestrogens in pregnancy serum of plasma, using horseradish peroxidase (hrp) as the marker enzyme. a test combination consisting of an antiserum against oestriol-16/17-monosuccinyl-albumin and oestriol-16/17-monosuccinyl-hrp yielded a sensitive system, which reacted to approximately the same extent with oestrone, oestradiol, oestriol and their 16- and 17-conjugates. samples had to be diluted 1 to 10 to avoid interference of plasma factors with the ...	1978	361293
characterization of human lymphocytes bearing fc receptors for ige isolated from blood and lymphoid organs.	human lymphocytes isolated from adult peripheral blood and cord blood, tonsils, adenoids and spleens were analysed for fc receptors for ige (fcepsilon) by rosette assays. the fcepsilon+ cells were also characterized for their class of surface immunoglobulin (sig), complement receptors, receptors for sheep erythrocytes (e), and helix pomatia a haemagglutinin (hp), and their abilities to phagocytoze and adhere. the average number of fcepsilon+ cells was in adult peripheral blood 1.2 +/- 0.4%, in c ...	1979	368962
mutagenicity of plant flavonols in the salmonella/mammalian microsome test: activation of flavonol glycosides by mixed glycosidases from rat cecal bacteria and other sources.	over 70 naturally occurring and synthetic flavonoids were screened for mutagenicity with 5 tester strains in the salmonella/mammalian microsome assay: ta1535, ta100, ta1537, ta1538 and ta98. frameshift mutagenicity was confined to the flavonols (flavon-3-ols) in strain ta98, ta1537 and ta100. the two most mutagenic falvonols, namely, quercetin (3,3',4',5,7-pentahydroxyflavone) and kaempferol (3,4',5,7-tetrahydroxyflavone), exhibiting 12 and 7 revertants/nmol in ta98 respectively, are also the mo ...	1979	375081
purification of some glycoside hydrolases by affinity chromatography.	two glycoproteins have been isolated from the cell walls of baker's yeast. one is a glucan-protein complex which has been partially characterised as having a branched carbohydrate structure composed of chains of (1 leads to 3)-linked beta-d-glucosyl residues, some of which are attached by (1 leads to 6)-linkages to the main chain. immobilization of this glycoprotein was achieved by covalent attachment to sepharose, and the product was used to isolate a number of (1 leads to 3)-beta-d-glucan hydr ...	1977	409497
effects of calcium and calcium-chelating agents on the inward and outward current in the membrane of mollusc neurones.	1. effects of internal and external ca and ca-chelating agents, egta and edta on transmembrane ionic currents were studied in isolated, internally dialysed neurones from the molluscs, helix pomatia and limnea stagnalis.2. the possible pharmacological effect of internally applied egta was investigated on the background of constant free ca concentration (5.3 x 10(-9)m). egta had no effect on ca and na inward currents but considerably depressed the delayed k outward current. no effective removal of ...	1999	409839
the isolectins of helix pomatia. separation by isoelectric focusing and preliminary characterization.	helix pomatia lectin was fractionated into several (at least 12) components by isolectric focusing in pharmalytetm. eight of these were recovered from a preparative column experiment and shown to be essentially pure by analytical electrofocusing in polyacrylamide gel slabs. the lectin components had haemagglutinating activity against human group a erythrocytes and similar molecular weights of 80 000 as determined vidual components showed slight variations in composition. the components are consi ...	1979	465535
heterogeneity and mechanism of action of human natural killer lymphocytes: differential distribution of receptors for helix pomatia haemagglutinin (hp receptors).	neuraminidase-treated lymphocytes from the peripheral blood of normal human donors were fractionated on columns charged with helix pomatia haemagglutinin (hp) coupled to sepharose 4b. while lymphocytes lacking hp receptors (hp-) passed directly through the column (fraction i), lymphocytes with hp receptors (hp+) were subsequently eluted in two distinct fractions with two different concentrations of the competitive hapten n-acetyl-d-galactosamine (fraction ii and iii, respectively). the natural c ...	1979	493880
synaptic and hormonal modulation of a neuronal oscillator: a search for molecular mechanisms.	1. the central ganglia of a number of gastropod molluscs (including the marine snail aplysia californica and the terrestrial snail helix pomatia) contain neurones which exhibit endogenous patterns of oscillatory activity. 2. this oscillatory activity can be modulated for long periods of time by synaptic and hormonal stimulation. 3. stimulation of appropriate pre-synaptic nerves causes long-lasting hyperpolarization in these neurones, with complete abolition of oscillatory activity. this synaptic ...	1979	512575
[preparation and properties of protoplasts from saccharomyces vini k-42].	lytic enzymes from the edible snail--helix pomatia--were used to obtain protoplasts of yeast saccharomyces vini k-42. the yeast grown in aerobic conditions proved more sensitive. the resultant protoplasts oxidized glucose and sucrose and did not oxidize maltose.	1979	515001
[receptors of human red blood cells for anti-tah and anti-ahp in the course of intravascular aging].	human o-erythrocytes aged in situ do not expose free receptors for anti-t agglutinin of arachis hypogea. new receptors for concentrated anti-a agglutinin of helix pomatia are manifested but are lost again in the course of further ageing of the cells in situ. a remasking of exposed receptors for anti-tah and anti-ahp byautologous, strongly binding globulins is supposed. these globulins could constitute the decisive signal for the autologous phagocytosis of senescent red blood cells.	1979	525143
[lectins as reagents for the differentiation of serum enzymes. lectins as reagents, i. (author's transl)].	lectins from canavalia ensiformis, phaseolus vulgaris, and triticum vulgare react with arylamidase, alkaline phosphatase, gamma-glutamyltransferase, and cholinesterase of human sera by formation of enzymatically active, mostly insoluble complexes. arylamidase, alkaline phosphatase, and cholinesterase react more intensely in sera of healthy people than in sera of patients with liver and neoplastic diseases. arylesterase is bound to a distinct degree only by concanavalin a. the enzymes mentioned a ...	1979	547035
studies on the cell-free biosynthesis of beta-lactam antibiotics.	cell walls of cephalosporium acremonium mycelia were lysed by enzyme preparations from either helix pomatia (snail) digestive juice or cytophaga. the yield of protoplasts depended on the lytic-enzyme preparation and the age of the culture, and it increased after the mycelia were pretreated with dithiothreitol. a cell-free preparation, obtained by osmotic lysis of protoplasts, synthesized labelled penicillin n from l-[14c]valine. approx. 0.03-0.06% of the amino acid was incorporated into penicill ...	1977	559491
carbohydrate binding specificity of four n-acetyl-d-galactosamine- "specific" lectins: helix pomatia a hemagglutinin, soy bean agglutinin, lima bean lectin, and dolichos biflorus lectin.		1977	560855
studies on lectins. xxxvi. properties of some lectins prepared by affinity chromatography on o-glycosyl polyacrylamide gels.	a number of lectins has been purified by affinity chromatography on o-glycosyl polyacrylamide gels. the lectins isolated (and the particular sugar ligands used in the affinity carriers) are as follows: anguilla anguilla, serum (alpha-l-fucosyl-), vicia cracca, seeds; phaseolus lunatus, seeds; glycine soja, seeds; dolichos biflorus, seeds; maclura pomifera, seeds; sarothamnus scoparius, seeds; helix pomatia, ablumin glands; clitocybe nebularis, fruiting bodies (all n-acetyl-alpha-d-galactosaminyl ...	1978	563738
[fractional protein makeup of candida utilis yeast protoplasts in the process of their growth and development].	candida utilis ibfmy-405 was grown in a synthetic medium with glucose. cells taken at the logarithmic phase of growth were studied. the cells were treated with the enzyme from helix pomatia to prepare protoplasts which were separated by differential centrifugation into groups according to their size. three protein fractions were isolated from each group and the amino acid composition of the proteins was determined. proteins of the first fraction (cytoplasmic) prevailed in all of the protoplast g ...	1979	571510
a versatile immunoadsorbent capable of binding lectins of various specificities and its use for the separation of cell populations.	a procedure for cell fractionation using lectin-affinity chromatography is described. it consists of a single affinity adsorbent, hog gastric mucin blood group a+h substance covalently coupled to sephadex or sepharose, to which lectins of various specificities can bind. the complex formed, lectin in equilibrium hog a+h substance-sephadex, then serves as an affinity probe for isolating and fractionating cells. the lectins from ulex europaeus, lotus tetragonolobus, helix pomatia, dolichos biflorus ...	1979	573269
immunochemical detection of the thomsen-friedenreich antigen (t-antigen) on platelet plasma membranes.	platelet plasma membranes were found to possess the disaccharide beta-d-galactosyl (1-3)-n-acetyl-d-galactosamine which was measured by gas chromatography after release by alkaline borohyride treatment and desialylation. immunological evidence using the specific lectins from arachis hypogoea and agaricus bisporus and an anti-t serum confirmed the presence of this disaccharide, the immunodominant group of the thomsen-friedenreich antigen (t-antigen). this receptor was only found after prior neura ...	1978	580492
3,3-bis-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-7-methyl-2-indolinone (bhmi), the active metabolite of the laxative sulisatin.	the disodium salt of the sulphuric diester of 3,3-bis-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-7-methyl-2-indolinone (sodium sulisatin, laxitex), a synthetic laxative with two phenolic groups esterified with sulfate, has been studied in order to find out if its laxative properties may be attributed to the unaltered compound or to its diphenolic derivative bhmi. we first studied the effect of homogenates of the gastrointestinal tract of rats and of rat cecal content of the hydrolysis of sulfate ester bonds of sulisatin ...	1979	583222
electron microscopic detection of the cryptantigen ahumhp (friedenreich antigen) on human erythrocytes by means of gold-labelled agglutinin from helix pomatia.	using the gold-labelled agglutinin anti-ahp from helix pomatia (edible snail) the ultrastructural site and distribution of the cryptantigen (friedenreich antigen) ahumhp was revealed on neuraminidase treated human o and b erythrocytes. on a1 and a2 cells the antigen was demonstrated simultaneously with the blood group antigen a by labelling the cells with anti-ahp-ferritin followed by removing the neuraminic acid and labelling with anti-ahp-gold. the cryptantigen is focally distributed on the ce ...	1977	602347
opsonizing effect of serum and albumin gland extracts on the elimination of human erythrocytes from the circulation of helix pomatia.		1978	632614
studies on lectins. xl. o-glycosyl derivatives of spheron in affinity chromatography of lectins.	free monosaccharides can be used for direct glycosylation of spheron, a spherical macroporous hydroxyalkyl methacrylate-ethylene dimethacrylate copolymer, in a reaction that proceeds at room temperature in dioxane medium under catalysis of dry hcl or bf3. derivatives of l-fucose, d-galactose, d-glucose, d-mannose, n-acetyl-d-galactosamine and n-acetyl-d-glucosamine thus prepared from spheron beads have been shown to be efficient affinity carriers in isolation of lectins from seeds of canavalia e ...	1978	638203
substrates for the assay of alpha-l-iduronidase.	procedures are described for the preparation of two disaccharides, 4-o-alpha-l-iduronosyl-2,5-anhydro[3h]mannitol and 3-o-alpha-l-iduronosyl-2,5-anhydro[3h]-talitol, from heparin and dermatan sulfate, respectively. these disaccharides lend themselves to an easy assay of alpha-l-iduronidase which is based on the fractionation of the liberated neutral anhydro[3h]mannitol or anhydro[3h]talitol from the unreacted substrate by adsorption of the latter to dowex 1. investigation of the reaction conditi ...	1978	709885
a 1h nuclear-magnetic-resonance study of the solution conformation of the isoinhibitor k from helix pomatia.	the isoinhibitor k from helix pomatia was investigated by high-resolution 1h nuclear magnetic resonance at 360 mhz. detailed studies of the labile protons and the resonances of the aromatic residues indicated extensive homologies between the spatial structures of the snail inhibitor, the basic pancreatic trypsin inhibitor (kunitz) from bovine tissue and the cos colostrum trypsin inhibitor. comparison of these three homologous inhibitors indicated that the overall flexibility of the globular prot ...	1978	710398
a sulphate metabolite of trimethoprim in goats and pigs.	1. urine from goats and pigs after intravenous administration of [14c]trimethoprim contained an unidentified fraction of 'other water-soluble metabolites'. this fraction accounts for 56% of the administered dose in goat urine and 65% in pig urine. 2. a sulphate metabolite comprising the major part of the latter fraction in both goat and pig urine was isolated by gel filtration and paper chromatography and identified by spectroscopic methods as 2,4-diamino-5-(3,4-dimethoxy-5-sulphooxybenzyl)pyrim ...	1978	726512
interaction of peanut agglutinin with human lymphocytes. binding properties and topology of the receptor site.	the relationship between the mitogenic lectin pna and other mitogenic and non-mitogenic lectins was investigated. pna labelled with 125i was found to bind equally well to t and b lymphocytes, after neuraminidase treatment, with 3.88 times 10(6) and 3.73 times 10(6) binding sites respectively. only the t cell fraction was stimulated, however, and only after neuraminidase treatment. preincubation of neuraminidase-treated cells with non-mitogenic lectins and antiserum which appeared to bind to the ...	1978	726549
enrichment of helix pomatia (hp) lectin binding variant from the ta3st mouse ascites tumor by repeated column selection.		1978	738331
immuno-chemical studies on the alkali-labile carbohydrate chains of human serum glycoproteins.	human serum glycoproteins can be classified into those containing n-acetyl-d-galactosamine and into those lacking this hexosamine. the n-acetyl-d-galactosamine-containing serum glycoproteins have alkali-labile chains containing this hexosamine linked o-glycosidically to hydroxy amino acids. these alkali-labile chains can be demonstrated in neuraminic acid free serum glycoproteins by gas liquid chromatography and by using precipitating lectins from invertebrates and plants. they are represented b ...	1979	762504
[decomposition of steroids during incubation with beta-glucuronidase and during storage of urine].	androsterone, etiocholanolone, pregnanetriol, dehydroepiandrosterone, pregnanediol, tetrahydrocortisol, 5-pregnenolone and 11-beta-oh-androsterone were incubated with beta-glucuronidase preparations (helix pomatia, bovine liver and e. coli) for 96 hrs at 37 degrees c. after extraction and silylation they were gas-chromatographed. the first 3 steroids were left practically intact. the least decomposition of the last 5 steroids occurred with the liver enzyme. testosterone and 11-ketoandrosterone w ...	1975	765125
the interaction of nonmitogenic and mitogenic lectins with t lymphocytes: association of cellular receptor sites.	the relationship between the surface receptors on neuraminidase-treated human blood lymphocytes for the mitogenic lectins phaseolus vulgaris leukoagglutinin (la), concanavalin a (con a) and soy bean agglutinin (sba) and the non-mitogenic lectin helix pomatia a hemagglutinin (hp) was investigated. two different techniques, co-capping with different fluorochrome-labeled lectins and cell binding-inhibition experiments with 125i-labeled lectins, were used. the results demonstrated that the nonmitoge ...	1976	772792
an ultrastructural analysis of protoplast-spheroplast induction in cryptococcus neoformans.	protoplasts-spheroplasts of a human isolate of cryptococcus neoformans were prepared using the gut enzyme of helix pomatia. the induction process, as studied by transmission electron microscopy, occurred in two stages. early in the induction process, protoplasts-spheroplasts emerged from whole cells through a break in the cell wall-capsule envelope. later, a gradual dissolution of the entire cell wall occurred releasing the intact protoplast-spheroplast. a comparison of protoplasts-spheroplasts ...	1976	788868
occurrence of a blood group a-like substance in eggs of the prosobranch snail pomacea canaliculata.	in the eggs of the prosobranch snails pomacea canaliculata and pomacea insularum a blood group a-like substance has been detected by anti-a from the snails helix pomatia, helix aspersa and cepaea nemoralis.	1976	815102
[use of an agglutinin from the albumin gland of the edible snail for immunoelectron microscopic localization of cell membrane antigens with terminal n-acetyl-d-galactosamine].		1975	829939
radioimmunological determination of urinary tetrahydroaldosterone.	a method is presented for radioimmunological determination of 3alpha, 5beta-tetrahydroaldosterone. it is based upon the reactivity of this steroid with an antiserum induced by the 3-carboxymethyloxime of 18, 21-aldosterone diacetate conjugated with bovine serum albumin. one hundred microliters of urine enzymatically hydrolyzed with an helix pomatia preparation, containing tritiated tetrahydroaldosterone for the yield calculation, were extracted with dichloromethane and chromatographed on a small ...	1977	910248
high-performance liquid chromatographic separation and photometric detection of phospholipids.	a rapid and efficient method for the separation of (phospho)lipids by high-performance liquid chromatography using n-hexane-2-propanol-water mixtures as the solvent system is described. the lipid separation occurs on silica gel columns and the individual components are monitored directly by uv absorption at 206 nm. of a total lipid extract from erythrocytes as well as suboesophageal ganglia of the snail helix pomatia, a complete separation is achieved of cholesterol, phosphatidic acid, phosphati ...	1977	914946
peroxidase and gold complexes of lectins for double labeling of surface-binding sites by electron microscopy.	double labeling experiments were performed for visualization of the binding sites of concanavalin a and anti-ahel (the lectin from helix pomatia). the anti-ahel was labeled with the colloidal gold whereas the membrane bound concanavalin a was demonstrated by an affinity technique using horseradish peroxidase. the two markers used could be clearly distinguished electron microscopically. the specificity of the cell surface double labeling was demonstrated in the control experiments. a topological ...	1977	915241
alkali-labile oligosaccharides from glycoproteins of different erythrocyte and milk fat globule membranes.	phenol extraction of horse, sheep, cow, pig and human erythrocyte membranes and human milk fat globule membranes gave glycoprotein fractions, all of which were shown by gas chromatography to contain the reduced disaccharide beta-d-galactosyl (1-3)-n-acetyl-d-galactosaminital after treatment with alkaline borohydride. cow and pig erythrocyte membrane glycoproteins were found however to contain much lower amounts than the erythrocyte membrane glycoproteins of the other species tested. after gel fi ...	1976	963062
determination of arginine in the reactive site of proteinase inhibitors by selective and reversible derivatization of the arginine side chain.	reversible and selective modification of the guanidino group by 1,2-cyclohexanedione or 2,3-butanedione in borate buffer was applied to identify arginine residues in the reactive sites of proteinase inhibitors. the ability of the method to distinguish between arginine and lysine residues was examined. trypsin inhibitors with arginine at the reactive site were almost completely inactivated within 2 h, e.g. the low-molecular weight inhibitors from soybeans (kunitz), peanuts and porcine seminal pla ...	1976	964925
analysis by a plaque assay of igg- or igm- dependent cytolytic lymphocytes in human blood.	when monolayers of bovine erythrocytes (eb) were exposed to purified human blood lymphocytes and either igg or igm fractions of rabbit anti-eb serum, clear zones (plaques) appeared when eb had been lysed by antibody-dependent effector cells (k cells). igg-dependent plaque formation was complete by 20 h of incubation, while the igm-dependent reaction required 40 h. the estimated minimal numbers of plaque forming cells (pfc) were 5.6% (igg) and 2.0% (igm) of the added lymphocytes. inhibition exper ...	1976	993729
[direct action of angiotensin ii on the central neurons].	reactions of the nervous cells in the somatosensory and visual regions of the brain cortex and the frontal hypothalamus in rabbits, as well as of the isolated nervous peripharyngeal ring of the helix pomatia to the microionophoretic application of angiotensin ii (a-ii) was studied. reactions of the neurons in the rabbit brain to a-ii displayed an increase in the spike frequency depending on the quantity of the agent applied. reactions of the frontal hypothalamus neurons showed a lower threshold ...	1976	1026279
trypsin-kallikrein isoinhibitor k (type kunitz) from snails (helix pomatia). purification and characterization.	a basic proteinase inhibitor, isoinhibitor k, was purified by se-sephadex c-25 column chromatography from the mixture of acid-stable and heat-stable isoinhibitors of the snail (helix pomatia). isoinhibitor k is homogeneous in polyacrylamide gel, cellulose acetate and polyacrylamide-dodecylsulfate electrophoresis. from the electrophoretic mobility in dodecylsulfate-polyacrylamide gel and apparent molecular weight of 6500 +/- 200 was estimated. from the amino acid composition the inhibitor consist ...	1975	1081050
receptors for helix pomatia a haemagglutinin on leukaemic lymphocytes from patients with chronic lymphocytic leukaemia (cll).	blood lymphocytes from thirteen patients with cll were studied for surface-bound ig (sig), fc receptors (ea rosettes), receptors for sheep erythrocytes (e rosettes) and receptors for helix pomatia a haemagglutinin (hp), a carbohydrate-binding protein with specificity for n-acetyl-d-galactosamine and related sugars. fluorescein-labelled hp binds to subpopulations of human peripheral blood lymphocytes (pbl) treated with neuraminidase. in normal peripheral blood, hp binds to the t-lymphocytes while ...	1976	1086751
fractionation of human blood lymphocytes on helix pomatia a haemagglutinin coupled to sepharose beads.	treatment of human blood lymphocytes with neuraminidase has previously been shown to uncover receptors for the a haemagglutinin of the snail helix pomatia (hp). neuraminidase-treated lymphocytes were now fractionated on columns charged with large sepharose particles to which hp had been coupled covalently. hp-receptor negative (hp-) lymphocytes passed the columns while hp-receptor positive (hp+) lymphocytes were retained. the latter cells were eluted by addition of the competitive hapten n-acety ...	1976	1088709
concanavalin a and other lectins in the study of tumor cell surface organization.	cell surface structures of two mouse ascites tumors were studied using lectins. the tumors are sublines of the spontaneous mammary adenocarcinoma ta3 in strain a, differing in two main characteristics. subline ta3-st grows only in syngeneic mice and has high expression of h-2 antigens. subline ta3-ha, in contrast, proliferates in all mouse strains, and has low amounts of exposed h-2 antigens. concanavalin a (con a), phytohemagglutinin (pha) and helix pomatia anti a hemagglutinin (hp) were used i ...	1975	1098413
[immunoelectronmicroscopic localization of cell wall antigens in streptococci. ii. localization of the group-specific polysaccharide of group c streptococci with ferritin- and peroxidase-labelled helix pomatia-agglutinin (author's transl)].	the carbohydrate of the cell wall of group c streptococci is one of the best known group-specific streptococcal antigens with respect to its chemical structure. in the present paper, the ultrastructural location of the carbohydrate was investigated by means of immunoelectronmicroscopic techniques. besides group-specific antibodies, the specific binding of an agglutinin (protectin anti-ahp) of the edible snail (helix pomatia) to structures with terminal n-acetylgalactosamine was used to demonstra ...	1975	1154918
[production of candida lipolytica protoplasts].	optimal conditions were found for the production and isolation of the protoplasts of candida lipolytica. the maximum amount of the protoplasts was produced after 90 minutes of the incubation with a crude preparation of the enzyme from helix pomatia (100 mg/g wet biomass). longer incubation results in lysis of the protoplasts and structural damages of the intracellular components. the yield of the protoplasts does not depend on the nature of stabilizing agent. a decrease in the stabilizer concent ...	1975	1160627
[spheroplasts of torulopsis candida yeasts and their oxidizing activity].	the paper describes the conditions in which the spheroplasts of the yeast torulopsis candida ibfm-y-127 with a high respiration rate can be isolated. the preliminary incubation of the cells with sh-reagents has to be carried out in a buffer without an osmotic stabilizer, and the incubation in a medium containing 0.6 m kcl, 0.1 m mgso4, 0.1 mkh2po4, ph 5.2. in these conditions the cells are incubated with the enzyme from helix pomatia during 15 to 20 minutes, and the yield of the spheroplasts is ...	1975	1172174
further characterization of some heterophile agglutinins reacting with alkali-labile carbohydrate chains of human erythrocyte glycoproteins.	the nature of the receptor sites for several agglutinins is characterized by hemagglutination inhibition assays. the inhibitory activity of human erythrocytes glycoproteins, from which sialic acid, sialic acid and galactose or alkali-labile oligosaccharides have been removed, is compared to the inhibitory effect of compounds with known structure. it is shown that the lectin from arachis hypogea and anti-t bind to alkali-labile galactosyl-residues. agglutinins from bauhinia purpurea and variegata ...	1975	1172890
humoral and cell-mediated immune response in patients with malignant melanoma. i. in vitro lymphocyte reactivity to pha and antigens following immunization.	in vitro lymphocyte function was evaluated in 61 patients with different clinical stages of malignant melanoma. thirty-one of these patients had localized disease, 13 regional metastases, 10 distant lymph node or skin metastases, and 7 visceral metastases. following immunization, in vitro lymphocyte reactivity to three antigens (diphtheria toxoid, tetanus toxoid and alpha-hemocyanin of helix pomatia) was studied in the presence of autologous serum, in addition to lymphocyte reactivity to phytohe ...	2005	1175127
the amino-acid sequence of isoinhibitor k form snails (helix pomatia). a sequence determination by automated edman degradation and mass-spectral identification of the phenylthiohydantoins.	performic-acid-oxidized isoinhibitor k of snails (helix pomatia) was subjected to arginine-directed tryptic proteolysis. six peptide fragments including one overlap peptide from limited cleavage of the arg-3-pro-4 bond were purified to homogeneity. four arginine peptides and the c-terminal peptide were sequenced by automatic edman degradation using a special peptide program. the phenylthiohydantoins were all identified by chemical ionization mass spectrometry, except four cysteic acid residues t ...	1975	1183446
[the enzymatic hydrolysis of cell wall applied to yeasts classification (author's transl)].	the rigid structure of yeast cell wall may be a taxonomic criterion. using the helix pomatia juice (with mercaptoethylamine hydrochloride) as a polyenzymatic system, we have always obtained protoplasts from ascomycetous yeasts and never from basidiomycetous yeasts tested. then, we have applied this enzymatic analysis to the fungi imperfecti yeasts and, according to this test, separated genus looking like basidiomycetous behaviour: trichosporon, pityrosporum, rhodotorula, cryptococcus and non fer ...	1975	1190637
the lack of mitogenic response of neuraminidase-treated and untreated human blood lymphocytes to divalent, hexavalent, or insoluble helix pomatia a hemagglutinin.		1975	1193182
[neuraminidase induced hemolytic anemia. experimental and clinical observations (author's transl)].	recently, increasing attention has been focussed on the in vivo action of neuraminidase as possible pathogenetical factor of hemolytic anemia and even hemolytic-uremic syndrome. neuraminidase action in red cell membranes results in the release of neuraminic acid, and thereby the uncovering of previously hidden receptors, socalled cryptantigens. with special reference to the phythemagglutinin anti-tah from the peanut (arachis hypogae) and the agglutinin anti-ahp from the albumin gland of the smal ...	1976	1246237
immunochemical detection of the thomsen-friedenreich antigen (t-antigen) on the pig lymphocyte plasma membrane.	a method for the isolation of lymphocytes from pig peripheral blood and preparation of plasma membranes was developed. the method resulted in a ten-fold increase in 5'-nucleotidase activity and neuraminic acid, relative to protein. a cholesterol/phospholipid ratio of 0.93 was obtained. alkaline borohydride treatment of isolated plasma membrane, after desialylation, released the disaccharide beta-d-galactosyl-(1 leads to 3)-n-acetyl-d-galactosaminitol (the immunodominant group of the t-antigen), ...	1976	1278165
modulation of voltage-activated ion currents on identified neurons of helix pomatia l. by interleukin-1.	1. the effect of interleukin-1 (il-1) was studied on voltage-activated ion currents of the identified central neurons of helix pomatia l. using a two-microelectrode voltage clamp. the voltage-activated inward current (ica) was decreased, whereas the outward current (i(net) k) was increased by il-1. 2. il-1 affects both the transient and the delayed rectifying potassium currents. the il-1 modulatory effect on the voltage-activated ion currents was voltage and dose dependent. the threshold concent ...	1992	1281756
comparative study of prostatic carcinoma bone metastasis among japanese in japan and japanese americans and whites in hawaii.	metastatic prostate carcinomas in autopsy cases from three populations 49 cases of indigenous japanese, 29 cases of japanese americans and 14 from whites in hawaii) were compared in terms of their clinicopathological, immunohistochemical (tenascin and ras p21) and lectin binding (helix pomatia antigen, hpa) properties. only the clinicopathological features were analyzed in the cases of whites in hawaii. the results indicate that poorly differentiated carcinoma is less common, whereas distant met ...	1992	1283503
[the structural organization of the snail sensory systems].	in the paper are reviewed the author's data on the structure of peripheral nervous system of the body wall, gravitational organs--statocysts, eyes, and organs of distant chemoreception--ommatophors, or posterior head tentacles, of the snails helix vulgaris and helix pomatia. localization in the cns of central parts of the main sensory systems is shown and some structural characteristics of them are described. the data on the organization of the procerebrum which takes part in processing of infor ...	2008	1284183
lectin histochemistry and alkaline phosphatase activity in the pia mater vessels of spontaneously hypertensive rats (shr).	some lectins were used to study the localization of sugar residues on the endothelial cell surface in the pia mater blood vessels of control (wky) and hypertensive rats (shr). the lectins tested recognized the following residues: beta-d-galactosyl (ricinus communis agglutinin 120, rca-1), alpha-l-fucosyl (ulex europaeus agglutinin, uea-1), n-acetylglucosaminyl and sialyl (wheat germ agglutinin, wga), n-glycolyl-neuraminic acid (limax flavus agglutinin, lfa), and n-acetyl-d-galactosaminyl (helix ...	1992	1297933
early increase in lymphocyte cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterase activity upon mitogenic activation of human peripheral blood mononuclear cells.	cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterase activity of human peripheral blood mononuclear cells was significantly increased following a short (30 min) incubation with the mitogenic lectin concanavalin a. con a stimulated phosphodiesterase activity to the same extent whatever the subcellular compartment (homogenate, cytosol or pellet). further separation of the con a-activated mononuclear cells into lymphocyte-enriched and monocyte-enriched populations showed that the con a-induced increase of phosphodi ...	1992	1309823
recognition of beta-glucuronidase by the calcium-independent phosphomannosyl surface receptor of haemocytes from the gastropod mollusc, helix pomatia.		2006	1323490
ultrastructural, biochemical and electrophysiological changes induced by 5,6-dihydroxytryptamine in the cns of the snail helix pomatia l.	the serotonin neurotoxin, 5,6-dihydroxytryptamine (5,6-dht), was injected into the body cavity of snails. changes induced in the central nervous system (cns) by the neurotoxin were studied by morphological, electrophysiological and biochemical techniques for up to 90 days following injection. the neurotoxin induced a variety of ultrastructural alterations during the early phase (1st to 6th days) following treatment. on day 6 after treatment, membranous structures first appeared in the synaptic-l ...	1992	1324760
duck lymphocytes--v. transformation responses to phorbol ester and calcium ionophore.	1. lymphocytes purified from duck blood and spleen were cultured in the presence of phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (pma) and the calcium ionophore a23187. stimulation was assessed by the incorporation of [3h]thymidine after 3 days' culture. 2. pma stimulated over a wide range of concentrations, with maximum stimulation at final concentrations of 5 x 10(-7)-5 x 10(-8) m/litre. a23187 was effective in the range 5 x 10(-6)-5 x 10(-7) m/litre and also, in some experiments using spleen lymphocytes, ...	1992	1354147
quantitative changes of ricinus communis agglutinin i and helix pomatia lectin binding sites in the acrosome of rat spermatozoa during epididymal transit.	during passage through the epididymis, spermatozoa undergo a number of changes which result in their acquisition of fertility and motility. some of the changes that occur include loss of the cytoplasmic droplet and changes in sperm morphology, metabolism and properties of the nucleus and plasma membrane. changes have also been reported in the acrosomic system of mammalian spermatozoa during their transit through the epididymis. in the present study, the quantitative changes of the glycoconjugate ...	1992	1385371
mannose-induced dysmorphogenesis of metanephric kidney. role of proteoglycans and adenosine triphosphate.	because various fetal anomalies are seen in diabetic offspring, we examined the effects of sugars on proteoglycans (pgs): extracellular matrix (ecm) macromolecules modulating morphogenesis. 13-d-old mouse metanephric kidney explants were exposed to mannose for 7 d and labeled with [35s]sulfate, [35s]-methionine, or [3h]thymidine. mannose exposure caused reduction in kidney size and disorganization of ureteric bud branches with inhibition of glomerulogenesis. tissue autoradiographic and immunoflu ...	1992	1401058
expression of glycoconjugates in the human fetal cochlea.	the distribution of glycoconjugates in the human fetal cochlea was analyzed using six biotinylated lectins: wheat germ agglutinin (wga), abrus precatorius agglutinin (apa), ulex europaeus agglutinin i (uea-i), ricinus communis agglutinin 120 (rca120), helix pomatia agglutinin (hpa), concanavalin a (cona). the tectorial membrane (tm) in the 11- and 15-week-old human fetuses was labelled with wga, apa, rca120 and cona, but not with uea-i and hpa. in the 19-week-old fetuses, the reaction of the tm ...	1992	1442009
comparative lectin histochemistry on taste buds in foliate, circumvallate and fungiform papillae of the rabbit tongue.	taste buds (tb) in the foliate, circumvallate and fungiform papillae of the rabbit tongue were examined with lectin histochemistry by means of light (lm) and electron (em) microscopy. biotin- and gold-labeled lectins were used for the detection of carbohydrate residues in tb cells and subcutaneous salivary glands. at the lm level, the lectins of soybean (sba) and peanut (pna) react with material of the foliate and circumvallate taste pores only after pretreatment of the section with neuraminidas ...	1992	1452451
lectin binding to secretory structures, the cuticle and the surface coat of toxocara canis infective larvae.	toxocara canis infective larvae are known to produce abundant glycosylated molecules which may be found associated with the surface or secreted into their environment. using a range of fluorescein-conjugated and gold-conjugated lectins, the localization of particular carbohydrates was defined on the surface of live parasites, and internally at the ultrastructural level. surface exposure of n-acetyl galactosamine and n-acetyl glucosamine was deduced by binding of fitc-conjugated helix pomatia (hp ...	1992	1454426
impact of o-glycosylation on the function of human intestinal lactase-phlorizin hydrolase. characterization of glycoforms varying in enzyme activity and localization of o-glycoside addition.	lactase-phlorizin hydrolase (lph) is an integral intestinal brush border membrane glycoprotein responsible for the hydrolysis of lactose, the primary carbohydrate in mammalian milk. to assess the role of n- and o-glycosylation on the function of lph, lectin-binding experiments combined with enzymatic and chemical deglycosylation of purified lph molecules were performed. these investigations provided evidence for the existence of two forms of brush border lph, an n-glycosylated molecule (lphn) an ...	1992	1460044
[characterization of streptococcus uberis with special consideration of supposed pathogenicity factors].	streptococcus uberis, as one of the principal causes of bovine streptococcal mastitis, has been characterized serologically and biochemically. serological grouping of s. uberis revealed polysaccharide antigens of groups e, g, p and u. the biochemical properties of s. uberis, determined with the strep-zym identification system, differed clearly from those of s. agalactiae and s. dysgalactiae. some cultures of s. uberis produced the enzymes hyaluronidase and neuraminidase. in addition s. uberis pa ...	1992	1497584
separation and identification of the 4-hydroxyantipyrine sulphoconjugate.	in a previous study we observed, during separation of total antipyrine metabolites by high-performance liquid chromatography and after enzymatic hydrolysis, an unidentified peak corresponding to an ionic compound with pyrazolinone features. in the present study, this compound was identified as the 4-hydroxyantipyrine sulphoconjugate, and its structure was definitively confirmed by gas chromatographic-mass spectrometric analysis and by the use of pure synthetic substance. we also demonstrated the ...	1992	1500444
the use of immobilized lectins in the separation of staphylococcus aureus, escherichia coli, listeria and salmonella spp. from pure cultures and foods.	lectins from helix pomatia, canavalia ensiformis, agaricus bisporus and triticum vulgaris agglutinated cultures of staphylococcus aureus, escherichia coli, listeria and salmonella spp. this agglutination was specific as it was inhibited (except with a. bisporus lectin) by the competing sugar substrates. the ability of three of these lectins, immobilized on a variety of supports, to separate these micro-organisms from pure cultures was investigated. immobilization of the lectins on magnetic micro ...	1992	1512177
[characteristics of obtaining protoplasts from 2 strains of tolypocladium inflatum subsp. blastosporum].	the optimal conditions for preparing protoplasts with high yields by using the cells of two (low and high potent) isogenic cyclosporine-producing tolypocladium strains were developed. a specific medium containing 0.5 per cent yeast autolysate (by dry weight) and 3 per cent glucose was used. when grown on this medium the cells of the highly potent strain 847 acquired a yeast-like shape. high yields of protoplasts prepared from the low potent strain 43 mycelium were obtained via prior incubation w ...	1992	1514857
histochemical localization of glycoconjugates in the developing endolymphatic sac and vestibular end organs of the mouse.	the distribution of glycoconjugates in the endolymphatic sac (es) and vestibular end organs from the 12th gestational day (gd) in the developing mouse to the 6th day after birth was analyzed using six biotinylated lectins: wheat germ agglutinin (wga), abrus precatorius agglutinin (apa), ulex europaeus agglutinin i (uea-i), ricinus communis agglutinin 120 (rca120), helix pomatia agglutinin (hpa), concanavalin a (cona). in the 13th and 15th gd sections, the luminal contents in the fetal es were st ...	1992	1518658