Publications

effect of benzimidazole on nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate phosphomonoesterase activity in wheat leaves.	nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate phosphomonoesterase was isolated and partially purified from wheat (triticum aestivum l. var. selkirk) leaves. the enzyme had knadp value of 1.4 x 10(-4) m and a ph optimum of 5.9. in vitro activity of this enzyme was unaffected by precursors of nad (nicotinamide and nicotinic acid) or cytokinins (kinetin and benzimidazole). however, when detached wheat leaves were treated with solutions of these compounds, the precursors lowered the specific activity ...	1976	9313
wheat-germ aspartate transcarbamoylase. purification and cold-lability.	1. aspartate transcarbamoylase was purified approx. 3000-fold from wheat (triticum vulgare) germ in 15-20% yield. the product has a specific activity of 14 mumol/min per mg of protein and is approx. 90% pure. the purification scheme includes the use of biospecific "imphilyte" chromatography as described by yon [biochem.j.(1977) 161, 233-237]. the enzyme was passed successively through columns of cpad [n-(3-carboxypropionyl)aminodecyl]-sepharose in the absence and presence respectively of the lig ...	1979	43131
investigations on the biological activity of tylopilus felleus (bull. ex fr.) p. karst. by means of phytobiological tests.	the effect of the undialysed (nd) aqueous fraction prepared from the fruitbodies of tylopilus felleus and of actinomycin c on the biosynthesis of dna in the seedling roots of triticum vulgare and on the increase of their mass was investigated. the content of dna (expressed in mug) in the determined amount of the seedling roots of triticum vulgare after treating of material with the nd fraction, was 9-1--23-3% higher than in the control. the investigated fraction inhibited the increase of the mas ...	2013	54908
properties of common wheat ferredoxin, and a comparison with ferredoxins from related species of triticum and aegilops.	wheat ferredoxin was purified from the leaves of common wheat (triticum aestivum). the absorption spectrum showed maxima at 465, 425, 332, and 278 nm. the absorbance ratio, a425 nm/a278 nm was 0.49, and the millimolar extinction coefficient at 425 nm was 10.8 mm-1. cm-1. the amino acid composition was determined to be lys5, his2, arg1, asp11, thr5, ser7, glu18, pro5, gly6, ala7, cys5, val7, met1, ile4, leu7, tyr4, phe1, and trp1. the total number of amino acid residues was 97. the molecular weig ...	1979	110795
influence of homoeologous chromosomes on gene-dosage effects in allohexaploid wheat (triticum aestivum l.).	gene-dosage responses for a group of six wheat endosperm proteins have been investigated by using compensated nulli-tetrasomic lines of cv. chinese spring. practically linear dosage responses have been observed for all the proteins. however, for two of the proteins (and probably for a third one), the net output of protein, at each dosage of its structural gene, was 30-80% higher when the chromosome carrying an active homoeogene was absent. the possible significance of this effect in connection w ...	1977	274731
modified chromogenic alpha-amylase assay for sprouted wheat.	sensitivity of a test in which a commercially available substrate was used for the assay of alpha-amylase in sprouted wheat has been increased by the use of optimally buffered (ph 6.20) cibacron-blue dyed amylose at 60 degrees c. with the modified test, measurable alpha-amylase levels were in the range of 3--30 millidextrinizing units (mdu) as compared to the 10--90 mdu range in a test previously reported for bread wheats. the modification extends the use of the test to evaluation of sprout dama ...	1979	311358
[additional limitations of the shrikhande method and their verification].	shrikhande's method was checked on linear-variety common wheat lutescens 62. two causes for a distortion of the ratio of genotypic and paratypic components of the variance were established: parameter b of smith's law is not constant for a given field and depends on the method of parcelling: smith's law is not confirmed at all. a two-stage test of shrikhande's method correctness is suggested for checking its limitations in practice. the analysis of variance for any given parcelling is done at the ...	2008	356360
plant histone 2 from wheat germ, a family of histone h2a variants. partial amino acid sequences.	1. the 0.5 m perchloric acid extract prepared from chromatin of wheat germ, triticum aestivum, contains a group of histones formerly called plant histones. these can be resolved by gel filtration on bio-gel p-60 with subsequent cm-cellulose ion-exchange chromatography into five histone fractions containing families of histones h2a and h2b. 2. the partial amino acid sequences of histone h2a variants h2a(1)triticum, h2a(2)triticum and h2a(3)triticum are presented. extensive sequence homology exist ...	1979	454665
the amino acid sequence of ferredoxin from triticum aestivum (wheat).	the amino acid sequence of the ferredoxin of triticum aestivum (wheat) was determined by using a beckman 890c sequencer in combination with the dansyl--phenylisothiocyanate method to characterize peptides obtained by tryptic, chymotryptic and thermolytic digestion of cnbr-cleavage fragments. the molecule consists of a single polypeptide chain of 97 residues and has an unblocked n-terminus. it shows considerable similarity to other plant-type ferredoxins.	1979	486088
[electron microscopic study of the mitochondria in the apical meristem of a wheet shoot in ontogeny].	the mitochondria of apical meristem cells in the wheat (triticum aestivum l.) shoot were studied during ontogenesis using electron microscope and morphometrical methods. changes in their structure were followed from the juvenile mitochondria of the seed embryonic ear cells. the parameters of the "average" mitochondrion, such as profile area, outer membrane length, were shown to differ relatively weakly during the periods with different meristem activity. changes in the internal structure of the ...	1979	492656
wheat-germ aspartate transcarbamoylase. steady-state kinetics and stereochemistry of the binding site for l-aspartate.	1. the steady-state kinetics of the bisubstrate reaction catalysed by aspartate transcarbamoylase purified from wheat (triticum vulgare)-germ have been studied at 25 degrees c, ph 8.5 and i 0.10-0.12. initial-velocity and product-inhibition results are consistent with an ordered sequential mechanism in which carbamoyl phosphate is the first substrate to bind, followed by l-aspartate, and carbamoyl aspartate is the first product to leave, followed by pi. the order of substrate addition is support ...	1979	534495
[lectins as reagents for the differentiation of serum enzymes. lectins as reagents, i. (author's transl)].	lectins from canavalia ensiformis, phaseolus vulgaris, and triticum vulgare react with arylamidase, alkaline phosphatase, gamma-glutamyltransferase, and cholinesterase of human sera by formation of enzymatically active, mostly insoluble complexes. arylamidase, alkaline phosphatase, and cholinesterase react more intensely in sera of healthy people than in sera of patients with liver and neoplastic diseases. arylesterase is bound to a distinct degree only by concanavalin a. the enzymes mentioned a ...	1979	547035
polyploidy and domestication: the origin and survival of polyploids in cytotype mixtures.	the origin and survival of a polyploid in a mixture of this polyploid and its parent(s) is reviewed. with several examples a picture is drawn of the interference of cytotypes in a mixture of cytotypes. some natural polyploids, both wild and domesticated, are very successful. they, like bread wheat and banana, largely replaced their parents. the same is true for some artificial polyploids like autotriploid hybride sugar beet in europe and autotetraploid perennial ryegrass. but when grown together ...	1979	550834
[effects of pipobroman and other piperazine derivatives on mitotic activity and nucleic acids of root meristems of wheat (triticum aestivum l.) i. cytological studies].		1977	602798
[effects of pipobroman and other piperazine derivatives on mitotic activity and nucleic acids of root meristems of wheat (triticum aestivum l.) ii. biochemical studies].		1977	602799
low-intensity two-step absorption of chlorophyll a in vivo.	the intensity-dependent transmission of primary leaves of triticum aestivum seedlings at lambda = 694 nm was measured with single pulses of a q-switch ruby laser. at photon flux densities above 2 x 10(17) cm-2s-1 a decrease of transmission was observed. the result is interpreted as a two-step absorption of cooperative units of 10(5)-10(6) chlorophyll molecules.	1978	623865
analysis of plant genomes. iii. denaturation and reassociation properties of cryptic satellite dnas in barley (hordeum vulgare) and wheat (triticum aestivum).	a cryptic satellite fraction was isolated from barley and wheat by preparatory ultracentrifugation of total dna in ag+-cs2so4 density gradients and was characterized by studying its denaturation-reassociation properties. wheat satellite dna underwent thermal denaturation as a single component with a tm of 81 degrees c while barley satellite dna consisted of one major (tm = 82.5 degrees c) and one minor (tm = 91 degrees c) component. when the barley and wheat satellites were reassociated and then ...	1978	698222
some characteristics of protein disulfide isomerase (e.c.5.3.4.1) from wheat (triticum vulgare) embryo.		1978	698293
alterations in cell surface membrane components of adapting rat small intestinal epithelium. studies with lectins after massive proximal jejunoileal resection and jejunoileal transposition.	after proximal resection or transposition of intestinal segments, the small intestinal mucosa of rats was examined with fluorescein-conjugated lectins derived from ricinus communis and triticum vulgare (wheat germ). these agglutinins are thought to be specific for the nonreducing end-terminal carbohydrate residues, beta-d-galactose and beta-n-acetyl-d-glucosamine, respectively. after 70% proximal jejunoilealal resection as well as transposition of ileal segments to jejunum, ileal villus cell sur ...	1978	710859
genetic aspects of wheat gliadin proteins.	inheritance of gliadin components unique to three different varieties of common wheat (triticum aestivum l.) was studied in f1 and f2 seeds of intervarietal crosses using protein patterns obtained by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis in aluminum lactate buffer (ph 3.2). the patterns of f1 seeds of the crosses cheyenne x justin and inia 66r x justin evidenced all the bands present in the patterns of the parents; band intensities reflected gene dosage levels dependent on whether the contributing ...	1978	728070
phosphorylation of ribosomal proteins from eukaryotes in homologous and heterogous cell-free systems.	the phosphorylation of ribosomal proteins from eukaryotes in homologous and heterologous cell-free systems has been studied. the ribosomes and protein kinases from yeast (saccharomyces cerevisiae, strain bu), wheat (triticum vulgare) and rabbit (orystolagus cuniculus) have been used. it has been found that five ribosomal proteins incorporate gamma-32p from atp during the incubation of wheat ribosomes with wheat protein kinase. when the phosphorylation of isolated wheat ribosomal proteins was exa ...	1976	764872
conserved message of o-diphenolase in wheat embryos (triticum aestivum).		1975	812720
location of chromosomal control of ga-induced enzyme release by distal half-grains of wheat.	the three enzymes, alpha-amylase, peroxidase, and acid phosphatase, are among those released by the aleurone of bread wheat, triticum aestivum, as a direct response to gibberellins (ga) from the embryo during germination. aneuploid genotypes are used to investigate the chromosomal location, nature, and extent of genetic control of the release of these enzymes in endosperms after induction by exogenous ga. ditelosomics demonstrate the effect of removal of known chromosome arms, and tetrasomics sh ...	1977	849252
wheat germ agglutinin. evidence for a genetic basis of multiple forms.	germ from hexaploid wheat (triticum aestivum l.) contained three forms of agglutinin separable by ion-exchange column chromatography at ph 3.8, while germ from tetraploid wheat (triticum turgidum l. (durum group)) contained only two such forms. the different number of forms, not due to protein modification occurring during the purification process, was demonstrable in commercial germ and in bran fractions containing germ from single wheat varieties. this evidence for a genetic basis of lectin mu ...	1976	953023
[pollen development in the anthers of several cereal strains and hybrids during cultivation in vitro].	in order to induce androgenesis in vitro anthers of some cereals were cultivated. the highest number of proembryos was obtained in the hybrid triticale in f3 generation on blayder's medium supplemented with 3 and 12% sucrose. proembryos represented multi-nuclear and multicellular formations which stagnated at the globular stage of development. origin of roots from calluses was not accompanied by formation of buds. there was no formation of embryos from pollen grains in case of lines triticum aes ...	0	982576
developmental specificity and evolution of the acid phosphatase isozymes of triticum aestivum and its progenitor species.	the tissue and developmental specificities of the acid phosphatase (acph) isozymes of triticum aestivum and its progenitor species t. turgidum and t. tauschii have been determined and compared using the zymogram technique. tissue and/or developmental variation in relative staining intensity, suggestive of variation in the quantity of active enzyme present, was observed for each of the seven major isozymes expressed. isozymes homologous to each of the major isozymes of the hexaploid were detected ...	1976	985382
translocation and metabolic fate of monosodium methanearsonic acid in wheat (triticum aestivum l).		2002	1002900
identification of wheat (triticum aestivum l.) chromosomes with genes controlling the level of nitrate reductase, nitrite reductase, and acid proteinase using the chinese spring-hope substitution lines.	the levels of nitrate reductase, nitrite reductase, and acid proteinase were compared in the primary leaves of 8-day-old wheat seedlings of chinese spring, hope, and the 21 disomic substitution lines of hope in chinese spring. two chromosomes, 7b and 7d, were considered to contain genes controlling the level of nitrate reductase. substitution of hope chromosome 7b caused a highly significant increase in the in vitro stability of nitrate reductase. nitrite reductase appeared to be controlled by t ...	1976	1016225
formation of root hairs by the wheat triticum vulgare host. trichoblasts.	the process of root hair formation has been studied by light-, transmission-and scanning electron microscopy. in the course of root hair development a break of the outer cell wall is observed by electron microscopy. it apparently occurs after the break of the fibrillar layer. the break of the outer layer of the cell wall is assumed to represent the break of the outer mucilage, the cuticle and the adjoining amorphous matrix with irregularly oriented cellulose microfibrils. the scheme of successiv ...	1976	1025984
evaluation of branched ear derivatives of triticum aestivum l.	the branched spikes of triticum turgidum l. have a potential of producing a high number of kernels. some of the selected lines of t. turgidum yielded up to 150 kernels per spike as compared to 60--70 kernels per spike in the common wheat cultivar chenab-70. the best of these lines were crossed with the common wheats chenab-70, mexipak, and c-271. among the lines obtained by selection from the advanced generations of the t. turgidum x chenab-70 cross, some are similar to chenab-70 with respect to ...	2002	1032097
heritability estimates from four generations of a diallel cross of common wheat.	the heritabilities of 10 quantitative characters were studied on f1, f2, backcross, and selfed backcross generations of a five-parent diallel cross of common wheat grown at two locations. from this study it was found that (a) most of the characters in question were highly heritable, (b) the heritabilities estimated by regression and variance component methods were more or less the same (r=0.84 to 0.95), and (c) the heritability of some characters was affected by location or by generation; in ...	2008	1032103
diallel analysis of four agronomic traits in common wheat.	the common wheat cultivars aköz, florence, mentana, jaral, and siete cerros were crossed in 1972 in all possible combinations excluding reciprocals. in 1972--1973 the f1 hybrids and the five parents were field grown at bornova in randomized complete blocks. the characters studied were plant height, spike length, 1000-kernel weight, and plant yield. the analysis of data showed that (a) with respect to plant height and 1000-kernel weight all f1 combinations deviated from the corresponding midparen ...	2008	1032104
quantitative genetically nonequivalent reciprocal crosses in cultivated plants.	quantitative expressions of character difference between reciprocal crosses have been studied by different researchers in a number of plant species, such as epilobium, zea mays, oryza sativa, hordeum sativum, triticum aestivum, trifolium hybridum, linum usitatissimum, nicotiana rustica, and others. in all cases it was found that the nonequivalence of reciprocal crosses manifested itself beginning with the f1 generation, with the exception of some flax crosses in which reciprocals differed beginn ...	2015	1032105
wheat protein.	results from aid-supported nebraska research to improve the nutritional quality of wheat indicate that substantial genetic variation for grain protein content exists in wheat. experimental lines with 5% higher protein in their grain than ordinary varieties have been selected from a high-protein x high-protein cross. genetic variablity for lysine in wheat grain is limited. the genetic component of total lysine variability among 12,6000 wheats in the usda world collection was only 0.5%. genetic in ...	2013	1032110
structural studies on wheat (triticum aestivum) proteins lacking phenylalanine and histidine residues.	1. three very similar proteins, each of approx. 120 amino acid residues but lacking phenylalanine and histidine, were isolated from wheat (triticum aestivum) flour in sufficient quantities for further structural studies. 2. each protein, after reduction and carboxymethylation, was cleaved at the three methionine residues with cnbr to give four major peptides, which were isolated. these peptides are suitable for future sequencing studies, as the sums of their amino acid compositions are in good a ...	2003	1201000
[investigation on wheat varieties of better protein quantity and quality (author's transl)].	a research has been conducted on several hundreds of cultivars and selection lines of bread wheat to find out new varieties of better nutritive characteristics. for a coarse evaluation of protein quantity and quality, a screening method (dyebinding capacity, dbc) was utilized. on the same samples, nitrogen was determined also by the kjeldahl method; in some cases aminoacids analysis was carried out. a very high correlation was found between protein content and dbc and, even higher in this case, ...	2013	1243931
analysis of the genome of plants. ii. characterization of repetitive dna in barley (hordeum vulgare) and wheat (triticum aestivum).	barley and wheat dnas have been characterized by studying their kinetics of reassociation, melting properties and sedimentation behaviour in neutral cscl gradients as well as in cs2so4 gradients containing ag+ or hg2+. in both species, reassociation kinetics have revealed the presence of approx. 76% redundant nucleotide sequences which have been grouped into very rapidly reassociating (cot 0-0.01), rapidly reassociating (cot 0.01-1.0) and slowly reassociating (cot 1-100) fractions. the barley co ...	1976	1247616
[synthesis of analogues of acetohydroxam lacetic acid with phytotoxic activity].	syntheses, spectroscopic data and phytotoxic activities of some n-acyl-o-alkylhydroxylamines, similar in structure to the natural compoud, methyl acetohydroxamyl acetate, are reported. many of synthesized compounds show strong growth-inhibiting activity on both roots and coleoptiles of triticum vulgare seedlings.	1976	1253963
amino acid composition of the endosperm free amino acids and proteins from a maturing common wheat and its extracted tetraploid.		2008	1270689
diacylglycerol kinase in plasma membranes from wheat.	diacylglycerol kinase activity was demonstrated in highly purified plasma membranes isolated from shoots and roots of dark-grown wheat (triticum aestivum l.) by aqueous polymer two-phase partitioning. the active site of the diacylglycerol kinase was localized to the inner cytoplasmic surface of the plasma membrane using isolated inside-out and right-side-out plasma membrane vesicles from roots. the enzyme activity in plasma membrane vesicles from shoots showed a broad ph optimum around ph 7. the ...	1992	1310876
absence of guar efficacy in complex spaghetti meals on postprandial glucose and c-peptide levels in healthy control and non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus subjects.	the effects of guar incorporated into a complex spaghetti meal on the glycaemic response in 11 healthy and 6 non-insulin dependent diabetic (niddm) subjects was studied. to this end, subjects consumed spaghetti made of either triticum aestivum or triticum durum wheat with or without 20 g% guar, as part of a complex meal containing 27% fat, 19% protein and 51% carbohydrate. in both the healthy as well as the niddm subjects the incremental integrated postprandial glucose and c-peptide responses af ...	1992	1337059
toward a cytogenetically based physical map of the wheat genome.	bread wheat (triticum aestivum l. em thell) is well suited for cytogenetic analysis because the genome, buffered by polyploidy, can tolerate structurally and numerically engineered chromosomes for analysis over infinite generations. this feature of polyploidy can be used in developing a high-resolution, cytogenetically based physical map of the wheat genome. we show that numerous deletions, observed in the progeny of a monosomic addition of a chromosome from triticum cylindricum in wheat, result ...	2006	1360666
metabolic response to treatment with cold, paraquat, or 3-amino-1,2,4-triazole in leaves of winter wheat.	we treated leaves of winter wheat (triticum aestivum l.) with cold, paraquat, or 3-amino-1,2,4-triazole and compared the responses. we assayed the activities of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase, catalase, dehydroascorbate reductase and ascorbate free radical reductase and levels of hydrogen peroxide, glucose-6-phosphate, fructose-6-phosphate, ascorbate, dehydroascorbate, reduced and oxidized glutathione. with any of the three treatments, contents of cellular peroxides and hexose phosphates were ...	2005	1369090
construction of a chromosome-enriched hpaii library from flow-sorted wheat chromosomes.	we report here the first successful generation of a chromosome-enriched library from flow sorted plant chromosomes. chromosomes with a characteristic dna content (a peak) were sorted from a synchronized cell culture (takb1, derived from triticum aestivum). a hpaii library was constructed from the sorted chromosomes and half of the cloned dna sequences analysed are unique or low copy. approximately half of these sequences when used as probes detect sequences on wheat chromosome 4a. the generation ...	1992	1374560
block-surface staining for differentiation of starch and cell walls in wheat endosperm.	a staining technique for differentiating starch granules and cell walls was developed for computer-assisted studies of starch granule distribution in cells of wheat (triticum aestivum l.) caryopses. blocks of embedded caryopses were sectioned, exposing the endosperm tissue, and stained with iodine potassium iodide (iki) and calcofluor white. excessive tissue hydration during staining was avoided by using stains prepared in 80% ethanol and using short staining times. the iki quenched background f ...	1992	1376154
variations in chloroplast proteins and nucleotide sequences of three chloroplast genes in triticum and aegilops.	two alloplasmic wheat lines having the same common wheat nucleus but the cytoplasms of aegilops crassa and ae. columnaris together with the corresponding normal line (control) were used in the two-dimensional gel electrophoresis of soluble and thylakoid membrane proteins of the chloroplast. three chloroplast polypeptides: the rubisco large subunit, the beta subunit of atp synthase, and an unidentified 31 kda protein, differed in the common wheat and two aegilops cytoplasms. three chloroplast gen ...	1992	1388032
effect of alpha-gliadin-derived peptides from bread and durum wheat on k562(s) cells.	previous studies suggested that the proteins and peptides that are responsible for coeliac small intestinal lesions, are also able to agglutinate k562(s) cells. on the contrary, peptides from whole gliadins from durum (tetraploid) wheat do not agglutinate these cells. bread wheat alpha-gliadins have been identified as a major toxic fraction in coeliac disease. in the present research, alpha-gliadins were purified from durum and bread wheat cultivars. alpha-gliadin peptides from bread wheat were ...	1992	1392022
enhanced stability of histone octamers from plant nucleosomes: role of h2a and h2b histones.	gel filtration and sedimentation studies have previously established that the vertebrate animal core histone octamer is in equilibrium with an (h3-h4)2 tetramer and an h2a-h2b dimer [eickbush, t. h., & moudrianakis, e. n. (1978) biochemistry 17, 4955-4964; godfrey, j. e., eickbush, t. h., & moudrianakis, e. n. (1980) biochemistry 19, 1339-1346]. we have investigated the core histone octamer of wheat (triticum aestivum l.) and have found it to be much more stable than its vertebrate animal counte ...	1992	1420197
sensory evaluation of and acceptability trials on biscuits prepared from raw and malted wheat (triticum aestivum)-bengal gram (cicer arietinum) mixes with or without a green leafy vegetable.	biscuits were prepared by varying the amounts of the basic ingredients to arrive at the most acceptable recipe. the final recipe contained 40 g of mix, 40 g of jaggery and 20 g of ghee. sensory evaluation of biscuits containing 5 or 10% colocasia leaf powder by composite scoring test and hedonic scale showed that the former type of biscuit was preferred over the latter. the acceptability trial conducted on 42, 3 to 6 year old children showed that biscuits from either malted mix with or without 7 ...	1992	1438072
rapid separation of tyrosine-specific trna from white lupin.	during isolation of total ribonucleic acids from white lupin (lupinus albus) and their subsequent separation by 10% polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, a fast migrating rna band is very well separated. the nucleotide sequence analysis of 76 nucleotide long sequence with many modified nucleosides was found to be identical with that of tyrosine specific trna of yellow lupin seeds (lupinus luteus) and wheat germ (triticum aestivum). also this trna(tyr) is identical with plant amber suppressor trna. ...	1992	1441849
glycaemic index of conventional carbohydrate meals.	the glycaemic index (gi) and the triacylglycerol response were measured in thirty non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus patients given 50 g portions of five different conventional indian meals containing semolina (triticum aestivum) cooked by two different methods, or combinations of semolina and pulse (black gram dhal (phaseolus mungo), green gram dhal (phaseolus aureus) or bengal gram dhal (cicer arietum)). there were no significant differences among meals in mean gi except for meals based o ...	1992	1445824
histochemistry of glandular metaplasia at the trigone of the urinary bladder in cows.	the epithelium at the trigone of the urinary bladder showed intestinal metaplasia of a colonic type in three holstein-friesian cows affected with chronic polypoid cystitis. except for ricinus communis (rca-i), almost all goblet cells in the whole crypt were positive to periodic acid-schiff (pas), alcian blue (ab) ph 2.5, ab ph 1.0, periodate borohydride-potassium hydroxide-pas (pb-koh-pas), ulex europaeus (uea-i), triticum vulgare (wga) and arachis hypogaea (pna) after neuraminidase digestion. t ...	1992	1452812
fructo-oligosaccharides from the stems of triticum aestivum.	fructo-oligosaccharides, extracted with hot water from wheat stems before flowering, were fractionated by gel-permeation chromatography on biogel p2. the tri-/tetra- and penta-saccharide fractions were purified by hplc and analysed by the reductive cleavage method. the trisaccharides 1-kestose and 6-kestose, the branched tetrasaccharide bifurcose, and the (2-->6)-linked pentasaccharide were identified. the fractions of higher molecular weight were also investigated and confirmed the branched-lev ...	1992	1473106
sequence and expression of a wheat gene that encodes a novel protein associated with pathogen defense.	wheat (triticum aestivum) exhibits local acquired resistance to the powdery mildew pathogen erysiphe graminis f. sp. tritici. the resistant state can be induced by a preinoculation with the nonhost pathogen e. g.f. sp. hordei, the barley powdery mildew, and is accompanied by the activation of putative defense genes. here, we report the sequence of a pathogen-induced gene, wir1a, and a corresponding cdna, wir1, that encode novel defense-related proteins of 88 and 85 amino acids, respectively. ana ...	1992	1477405
two intron-containing pre-trnas(tyr) from triticum aestivum are efficiently processed and spliced in homologous cell-free extract.	two wheat pre-trnas(tyr) containing introns and flanks are accurately and efficiently spliced in homologous wheat germ s23 extract. the initiation and termination sites upon in vitro transcription in hela cell extract have been estimated for both pre-trnas.	1992	1485489
nucleotide sequence of the internal transcribed spacer region of rdna in wheat, triticum aestivum l. (gramineae).		1992	1515605
different patterns of rdna organization at interphase in nuclei of wheat and rye.	the physical location of the rdna repeating units (25 s, 18 s and 5.8 s rrna genes and the intergenic spacer sequences) was investigated in rye (secale cereale l.) and wheat (triticum aestivum l.) root tip meristematic cells by in situ hybridization using light and electron microscopy. the rdna sequences are organized differently in the two related and intercrossable species. in rye (2n = 14, one pair of chromosomes with nucleolar organizing regions, nors), two condensed blocks of rdna-containin ...	0	1527177
zinc, a neurotoxin to cultured neurons, contaminates cycad flour prepared by traditional guamanian methods.	we have used cultured ventral mesencephalic and cerebellar granule cells to test the toxicity of extracts of cycad seeds (genus cycas) and cycad-derived flours traditionally prepared in guam. there was no significant difference in the toxicity of extracts prepared from the female gametophyte tissue of c. circinalis, c. revoluta, and c. media, common wheat flour, and 13 of 17 cycad flour samples. however, extracts prepared from 4 of 17 guamanian flour samples exhibited marked dose-dependent neuro ...	1992	1556606
5s ribosomal gene clusters in wheat: pulsed field gel electrophoresis reveals a high degree of polymorphism.	the long-range structure of 5s rrna gene clusters has been investigated in wheat (triticum aestivum l.) by means of pulsed field gel electrophoresis. using aneuploid stocks, 5s rrna gene clusters were assigned to sites on chromosomes 1b, 1d, 5b and 5d. cluster sizes were evaluated and the copy number of 5s dna repeats was estimated at 4700-5200 copies for the short repeating unit (410 bp) and about 3100 copies for the long repeat (500 bp) per haploid genome. a comparison of wheat cultivars revea ...	1992	1557028
surface structure and properties of plant seed oil bodies.	storage triacylglycerols (tag) in plant seeds are present in small discrete intracellular organelles called oil bodies. an oil body has a matrix of tag, which is surrounded by phospholipids (pl) and alkaline proteins, termed oleosins. oil bodies isolated from mature maize (zea mays) embryos maintained their discreteness, but coalesced after treatment with trypsin but not with phospholipase a2 or c. phospholipase a2 or c exerted its activity on oil bodies only after the exposed portion of oleosin ...	1992	1560029
characterization of two galactosidases extracted from wheat germ with a hydroalcoholic solvent.	alpha- and beta-d-galactosidases were characterized from a hydroalcoholic extract of wheat germ (triticum vulgare). kinetic constants (vmax and km) and the optimal phs for the hydrolysis of p-nitrophenyl galactopyranosides by both enzymes were determined. these enzymes presented a high stability in hydroalcoholic medium and were inhibited by iodoacetamide and sodium p-hydroxy-mercuribenzoate.	1992	1576209
nucleotide sequence of a nuclear trna(tyr) gene from triticum aestivum.		1992	1600158
gamma irradiation induced deletions in an alien chromosome segment of the wheat 'indis' and their use in gene mapping.	deletion mutants were produced in a translocated chromosome segment derived from thinopyrum distichum (thunb.) löve. spikes of the translocation line 'indis' were irradiated with gamma rays at dosages of 15, 20, and 25 gy. the irradiated spikes were pollinated with 'inia 66' pollen and the f2 and f3 generations screened for translocation mutants, using the genes for leaf rust resistance and yellow endosperm pigmentation as markers. finally, endopeptidase polymorphisms were utilized to select mut ...	1992	1618387
role of cytoskeleton in cell shaping of developing mesophyll of wheat (triticum aestivum l.).	the effects of oryzalin and cytochalasin b (cb) on microtubule and actin microfilament arrays and on cell shaping were investigated in developing wheat mesophyll. excised immature leaf sections capable of differentiating were incubated with the drugs. the behavior of the cytoskeleton was monitored by fluorescence microscopy after labeling with fluorescent dyes. brief incubation with oryzalin (40 min, 10 microm) caused disassembly of microtubules. recovery of microtubule arrays was comparatively ...	1992	1639093
sequence and tissue-specific expression of a putative peroxidase gene from wheat (triticum aestivum l.).	we have used a cdna clone encoding a pathogen-induced putative wheat peroxidase to screen a genomic library of wheat (triticum aestivum l. cv. cheyenne) and isolated one positive clone, lambda pox1. sequence analysis revealed that this clone contains a gene encoding a putative peroxidase with a calculated pi of 8.1 which exhibits 58% and 83% sequence identity to the amino acid sequence of the turnip (brassica rapa) peroxidase and a pathogen-induced putative wheat peroxidase, respectively. the tw ...	1991	1653627
ruminal escape protein supplementation and zeranol implantation effects on performance of steers grazing winter annuals.	fifty-four crossbred steers (275 kg) were assigned randomly to one of three isoenergetic but not isonitrogenous ruminal escape protein (ep) supplements: high ruminal escape protein (hep), low ruminal escape protein (lep), or corn. the supplements contained corn, distillers' dried grains with solubles (ddgs), and fish meal. supplements were fed at approximately 1.5 kg/d; the hep and lep supplements provided .25 and .12 kg more ep per day than corn, respectively. these supplements also supplied .2 ...	1991	1654314
restriction fragment length polymorphism (rflp) analysis in wheat. ii. linkage maps of the rflp sites in common wheat.	sixty-six f2 plants from the cross, triticum aestivum cv. chinese spring (abbrev. cs) x t. spelta var. duhamelianum (spelta), exhibiting the greatest number of rflps among eight common wheats, were analyzed for their rflp genotypes using genomic dna clones of cs as probes. in total, 204 rflp loci were identified and their linkage relationships established. by nulli-tetrasomic analyses, all linkage groups were assigned to one another of the 21 wheat chromosomes. in addition, the carrier chromosom ...	1991	1685660
changes in glycoconjugates revealed by lectin staining in the developing airways of syrian golden hamsters.	lectin binding was studied in the developing airways of syrian golden hamsters on gestational days 11-16 (day 16 is the day of birth). the trachea and lungs were fixed in 4% formaldehyde-1% glutaraldehyde, 6% mercuric chloride-1% sodium acetate-0.1% glutaraldehyde, and 95% ethanol; embedded in paraffin; and stained with eight lectin-horseradish peroxidase conjugates: triticum vulgare (wga), dolichos biflorus (dba), helix pomatia (hpa), maclura pomifera (mpa), griffonia simplicifolia i-b4 (gsa i- ...	1990	1700650
patterns of actin filaments during cell shaping in developing mesophyll of wheat (triticum aestivum l.).	young leaves of wheat exhibit a smooth developmental gradient with meristematic cells at the base and highly differentiated cells at the tip. during differentiation, mesophyll cells attain a lobed outline resembling tube-shaped balloons with almost regularly spaced isthmi. microfilament patterns in developing wheat mesophyll cells were investigated using fluorescent-labeled phalloidin. various patterns were found, including delicate arrays of transversely oriented microfilaments in the cortex of ...	1991	1724752
oxidative stress causes rapid membrane translocation and in vivo degradation of ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase.	we have studied the turnover of an abundant chloroplast protein, ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase (rbu-p2 carboxylase/oxygenase), in plants (spirodela oligorrhiza and triticum aestivum l.) and algae (chlamydomonas reinhardtii and c. moewusii) induced to senesce under oxidative conditions. rbu-p2 carboxylase/oxygenase activity and stability in vivo were found to be highly susceptible to oxidative stress, resulting in intermolecular cross-linking of large subunits by disulfide bonds ...	1992	1733975
lectin binding to gp60 decreases specific albumin binding and transport in pulmonary artery endothelial monolayers.	the effect of albumin binding to cultured bovine pulmonary artery endothelial cell (bpaec) monolayers on the transendothelial flux of 125i-labelled bovine serum albumin (bsa) was examined to determine its possible role on albumin transcytosis. the transport of 125i-bsa tracer across bpaec grown on gelatin- and fibronectin-coated filters (0.8 microns pore diam.) was affected by the presence of unlabelled bsa in the medium in that transendothelial 125i-bsa permeability decreased, reaching a 40% re ...	1991	1744181
two-dimensional electrophoresis of 1d-encoded b and d glutenin subunits in common wheats with similar omega gliadins.	gli-d1-encoded omega gliadins of bread wheats show little variation; their electrophoretic patterns can be classified into two main groups which broadly resemble the patterns found in the cultivars chinese spring and in cheyenne. b and d subunits of low molecular weight glutenin encoded by the chromosome 1d loci glu-d3 and gli-d1, respectively, also showed little variation. d subunits were found only in bread wheats with "chinese spring-type" omega gliadins and they all exhibited the same electr ...	1991	1747100
the cytogenetic and molecular architecture of chromosome 1r--one of the most widely utilized sources of alien chromatin in wheat varieties.	chromosome 1r of rye (secale cereale) is one of the most intensively used sources of alien chromatin in bread wheat. it provides a source of valuable disease resistance genes and its widespread use has stimulated the development of genetic maps incorporating protein and dna markers. published data as well as new mapping data were combined into a consensus map by using common markers in the different mapping studies to orient the various data sets relative to each other. the consensus map provide ...	1991	1769268
fructan chemical structure and sensitivity to an exohydrolase.	a fructan exohydrolase selective for (2----1)-linked terminal fructosyl linkages, isolated from barley (hordeum vulgare l. cv. morex) stems and leaf sheaths, was used to elucidate the chemical structures of several oligomeric fructans extracted from liliaceous and graminaceous species. products released by enzymic and mild acid hydrolysis were separated by reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography. gas-liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry of partially methylated alditol acetates p ...	2006	1797396
a pathogen-induced wheat gene encodes a protein homologous to glutathione-s-transferases.	winter wheat (triticum aestivum) shows local, induced resistance against the plant-pathogenic fungus erysiphe graminis f. sp. tritici following exposure to the nonpathogen e. g. f. sp. hordei. the onset of this resistance has been shown to be correlated with the activation of putative defense genes, and cdna clones representing transcripts of induced genes have been obtained (p. schweizer, w. hunziker, and e. mösinger, plant molecular biology 12:643-654, 1989). we have cloned and sequenced a gen ...	1991	1799693
induction of beta-1,3-glucanase in barley in response to infection by fungal pathogens.	the sequence of a partial cdna clone corresponding to an mrna induced in leaves of barley (hordeum vulgare) by infection with fungal pathogens matched almost perfectly with that of a cdna clone coding for beta-1,-3-glucanase isolated from the scutellum of barley. western blot analysis of intercellular proteins from near-isogenic barley lines inoculated with the powdery mildew fungus (erysiphe graminis f. sp. hordei) showed a strong induction of glucanase in all inoculated lines but was most pron ...	1991	1815765
cellular and humoral responses in coeliac disease. 2. protein extracts from different cereals.	the humoral and cellular immune responses to grain protein extracts from coeliac-toxic and non-toxic cereals were compared by use of a number of elisa and immunoblotting methods and the indirect leucocyte migration inhibition factor (lmif) assay. both adult and child coeliacs had elevated levels of serum antibody to proteins from the coeliac-toxic cereals, namely bread wheat, durum wheat, rye and barley and low levels of proteins from other cereals. using protein blotting techniques, antibody bi ...	0	1819454
nucleotide sequence of a wheat (triticum aestivum l.) cdna clone encoding the waxy protein.		1991	1863765
nucleotide sequence of a triticum aestivum cdna clone which is homologous to the 26 kda chloroplast-localized heat shock protein gene of maize.		1991	1863777
a triticum aestivum cdna clone encoding a low-molecular-weight heat shock protein.		1991	1863780
cloning and sequencing of cdnas encoding a pathogen-induced putative peroxidase of wheat (triticum aestivum l.).	we report here the complete amino acid sequence of a pathogen-induced putative peroxidase from wheat (triticum aestivum l.) as deduced from cdna clones representing mrna from leaves infected with the powdery mildew fungus erysiphe graminis. the protein consists of 312 amino acids, of which the first 22 form a putative signal sequence, and has a calculated pi of 5.7. sequence comparison revealed that the putative wheat peroxidase is most similar to the turnip (brassica rapa) peroxidase, with whic ...	1991	1893103
characterization of a cdna clone encoding the triticum aestivum l. cm16 protein: homology with the triticum durum desf. sequence.		1991	1893108
carbonic anhydrase assay: strong inhibition of the leaf enzyme by co2 in certain buffers.	apparent carbonic anhydrase activity in leaf extracts, measured as the rate of h+ production associated with the co2 hydration reaction, varied by as much as 25-fold when the assay buffer was varied. highest activities were usually recorded in barbitone buffer, with lower activities in imidazole, tricine, hepes, tris, and phosphate buffers. the greatest differences were observed with the enzyme isolated from leaves of the monocotyledonous plants zea mays (maize) and triticum aestivum (wheat). sm ...	1991	1904692
gene expression during cold and heat shock in wheat.	translatable messenger rnas expression was compared in cold- and heat-stressed winter wheat (triticum aestivum l. 'fredrick' and 'norstar') and spring wheat (t. aestivum l. 'glenlea'). polyadenylated rna isolated from the crown and leaf tissues was translated in a wheat germ cell free system and the acidic and basic in vitro products were resolved by two-dimensional sds-page and autoradiography. the results showed that low temperature stress rapidly induced two groups of mrnas. the first group w ...	1974	1910736
intrinsic labelling of different foods with stable isotope of zinc (67zn) for use in bioavailability studies.	intrinsically-labelled foods are required to validate extrinsic-labelling techniques used to study the bioavailability of trace elements. wheat (triticum aestivum), peas (pisum sativum), goat's milk, human milk, eggs and chicken meat were selected for intrinsic-labelling studies with 67zn. peas were grown hydroponically in enriched nutrient solution and wheat was grown in sand and watered with enriched nutrient solution. some of the wheat plants were also given stem injections of 67zn solution. ...	1991	1931906
isolation and nucleotide sequence of a cdna clone encoding the bread wheat (triticum aestivum l.) cm17 protein.		2007	1932681
a dna fragment mapped within the submicroscopic deletion of ph1, a chromosome pairing regulator gene in polyploid wheat.	bread wheat is an allohexaploid consisting of three genetically related (homoeologous) genomes. the homoeologous chromosomes are capable of pairing but strict homologous pairing is observed at metaphase 1. the diploid-like pairing is regulated predominantly by ph1, a gene mapped on long arm of chromosome 5b. we report direct evidence that a mutant of the gene (ph1b) arose from a submicroscopic deletion. a probe (xksus1-5) detects the same missing fragment in two independent mutants ph1b and ph1c ...	1991	1936962
[effects of autoclaving and surface disinfection of wheat (triticum aestivum) on the production of ergosterol, ochratoxin a and citrinin by penicillium verrucosum].	moist wheat was autoclaved, surface disinfected with naocl or left untreated. after inoculation with conidia of a toxigenic strain of penicillium verrucosum kernels were stored at 10 and 4 degrees c. the production of ergosterol, a chemical indicator of fungal growth, was accelerated at both temperatures by each of the two treatments, compared to untreated wheat. the accumulation of ochratoxin a and citrinin was accelerated by each of the two treatments at 10 degrees c, whereas it was accelerate ...	1991	1950201
sucrose metabolism in developing endosperm of immature wheat (triticum aestivum l.) grain.	with a view to investigating the role of the enzyme pyrophosphate-fructose-6-phosphate-1-phosphotransferase (pfp) in sucrose breakdown in developing endosperm of wheat grain, the activity of pfp and related enzymes such as phosphofructokinase (pfk), fructose-6-bisphosphatase (fbpase), fructose-6-phosphate-2-kinase (pfk-2) and fructose-2,6-bisphosphatase (f2, 6-p2ase) and the contents of the various intermediates of the pathway serving either the substrate or the effectors of these enzymes such a ...	1990	1964151
the isolation of high molecular weight dna from wheat, barley and rye for analysis by pulse-field gel electrophoresis.	a method is presented for the preparation of large dna molecules from protoplasts embedded in agarose blocks of three different cereals--hexaploid bread wheat (triticum aestivum), barley (hordeum vulgare) and rye (secale cereale). pulse-field gel electrophoresis (pfge) analysis of these dna preparations using a contour-clamped homogeneous field (chef) apparatus indicated that the size of the dna molecules was greater than 6 mb. dna samples prepared by this method were shown to be useful for rest ...	0	1966389
restriction fragment length polymorphism (rflp) analysis in wheat. i. genomic dna library construction and rflp analysis in common wheat.	to develop detailed linkage maps of restriction fragment length polymorphism (rflp) sites in wheat chromosomes, it was necessary to construct a genomic dna library and to characterize the clones obtained. forty-nine per cent of the clones were of single or low copy number per genome. with 91 clones of this class, as probes, and with two to four restriction endonucleases, for dna digestion, rflps were examined among eight common wheats and a single emmer wheat. about 20% of the probes, and 13% of ...	1990	1979008
structural and functional analysis of promoter from gliadin, an endosperm-specific storage protein gene of triticum aestivum l.	to identify cis-regulatory elements of the gliadin gene, a study of the gliadin gene promoter was conducted by transient expression analysis of plasmid dnas which were introduced into plant protoplasts by electroporation. the promoter region (-592 bp to +18 bp from the translational start) of this developmentally regulated gene, when fused upstream to the chloramphenicol acetyl transferase (cat) reporter cassette was unable to direct significant cat expression in wheat or tobacco suspension cell ...	1991	2000092
[characteristics of triticum vulgare in the early phases of development (ontogenesis) in space flight].	the effect of space flight factors on the growth and development of wheat grown in a svetoblock-m unit on the orbital station mir was investigated. the data obtained allow the conclusion that wheat plants develop flight-induced changes. when compared to control plants, experimental plants show a delayed growth in terms of biometric parameters, different distribution of biogenic elements, lower phytoncidal activity, increased bacterial and fungal contamination, and a changed pigment and lipid com ...	2006	2046298
[use of phytostimolin vaginal cream and lavage in cervical dystrophy after dtc of the cervix].	the study evaluated the efficacy and tolerance of the active components of "phytostimolin" cream and vaginal lavage, triticum vulgare and ether glycoethylen-mono-phenolic, in 40 patients suffering from dystrophic cervico-vaginal pathologies (group 1), and in 20 patients following dtc of the portio due to ectropion (group 2). the study was double blind. an overall efficacy of 70% was observed in group 1 and 90% in group 2. the results obtained, the absence of side effects, and the good level of t ...	1991	2057103
nucleotide sequence of a cdna encoding an alpha/beta-type gliadin from hexaploid wheat (triticum aestivum).		1990	2102865
differences in the susceptibility of plant membrane lipids to peroxidation.	peroxidation of three membrane lipid preparations from plants was initiated using fe-edta and ascorbate and quantified as the production of aldehydes and loss of esterified fatty acids. using liposomes prepared from commercial soybean asolecithin, the degree of peroxidation was shown to be dependent on: the free radical dose, which was varied by the ascorbate concentration; the presence of tocopherol in the liposome; the configuration, of the liposome, multilamellar or unilamellar; and time afte ...	1990	2124926
effects of sodium chloride stress and calcium supply on growth, potassium uptake, and internal chloride and sodium levels of winter wheat seedlings.	the effects of saline conditions on the k+ (86rb), na+ and cl- uptake and growth of 6-day-old wheat (triticum aestivum l. cv. gk szeged) seedlings were studied in the absence and presence of ca2+. it was found that on direct nacl treatment the k+ uptake of the roots in the absence of ca2+ declined significantly with increasing salinity. the reverse was true, however, in the case of nacl pretreatment: seedlings grown under highly saline conditions (50 mm nacl) absorbed more k+ than those pretreat ...	1990	2131712
differential expression of two types of sucrose synthase-encoding genes in wheat in response to anaerobiosis, cold shock and light.	the expression of two types of sucrose synthase-encoding genes, ss1 and ss2, in hexaploid wheat (triticum aestivum, l.), has been investigated using type-specific probes, corresponding to the 250-270 bp c-terminal portions of the respective cdna clones. both types of genes are highly expressed in developing endosperm, where the expression of the ss2 type slightly precedes in time that of the ss1 type. expression of ss genes is lower in etiolated leaves and in roots than in endosperm. in the firs ...	1990	2140810
an internal part of the chloroplast atpa gene sequence is present in the mitochondrial genome of triticum aestivum: molecular organisation and evolutionary aspects.	an internal part of the chloroplast atpa gene has been identified in the mitochondrial dna of triticum aestivum. it is located near the 18s-5s ribosomal genes and partially contained within a repeated sequence. comparison of the transferred sequence with the original ct sequence reveals several nucleotide changes and shows that neither 5' nor 3' ends are present in the mt genome. no transcript of this region could be detected by northern analysis. this sequence is present in mitochondrial genome ...	1990	2143966
a novel metabolic form of the 32 kda-d1 protein in the grana-localized reaction center of photosystem ii.	two forms of the 32 kda-d1 reaction center protein of photosystem ii (psii), having slightly different mobilities on denaturing polyacrylamide gels, have been resolved in spirodela oligorrhiza, glycine max l., gossypium hirsutum l., triticum aestivum l., and zea mays l. the protein band with faster mobility is identified as the 32 kda-d1 protein, and the less mobile band as a novel form, designated 32*. the two forms are structurally similar based on immunological and partial proteolytic tests. ...	1990	2203777