| genetic relatedness among human rotaviruses. | the genetic relatedness of 81 clinical rotavirus isolates to the human rotavirus prototype strains wa (subgroup 2, serotype 1) and ds-1 (subgroup 1, serotype 2) was examined by rna hybridization techniques. labeled single-stranded (+) transcripts of wa or ds-1 virus were incubated with denatured genomic rotaviral rnas, and the resulting hybrids were subjected to gel electrophoresis and autoradiography. nineteen of the specimens contained subgroup 1 rotavirus with a "short" rna migration pattern. ... | 1985 | 2997383 |
| detection of porcine rotavirus type g9 and of a mixture of types g1 and g5 associated with wa-like vp4 specificity: evidence for natural human-porcine genetic reassortment. | rotavirus type g5 is a primarily porcine pathogen that has caused frequent and widespread diarrhea in children in brazil and in piglets elsewhere. initial results on the rotavirus types circulating in diarrheic piglets in brazil disclosed a high diversity of strains with distinct g types including g1, g4, g5, and g9 and the novelty of p[8], the predominant human p specificity type. those results add strong evidence for the emergence of new strains through natural reassortment between rotaviruses ... | 1999 | 10405435 |
| molecular epidemiology of human p[8],g9 rotaviruses in hungary between 1998 and 2001. | increasing numbers of studies have documented the widespread distribution of human g9 rotaviruses and demonstrated that these strains may represent a fifth epidemiologically important g serotype. serotype g9 strains were identified in hungary for the first time in the 1997-1998 rotavirus season. contrary to numerous surveys that reported several unexpected p-g combinations among recent g9 isolates (e.g. genotypes p[4], p[6] and p[19]), all hungarian strains characterized to date possess the glob ... | 2004 | 15272068 |
| group a human rotavirus genomics: evidence that gene constellations are influenced by viral protein interactions. | group a human rotaviruses (hrvs) are the major cause of severe viral gastroenteritis in infants and young children. to gain insight into the level of genetic variation among hrvs, we determined the genome sequences for 10 strains belonging to different vp7 serotypes (g types). the hrvs chosen for this study, d, ds-1, p, st3, ial28, se584, 69m, wi61, a64, and l26, were isolated from infected persons and adapted to cell culture to use as serotype references. our sequencing results revealed that mo ... | 2008 | 18786998 |
| whole genomic analysis reveals the complex evolutionary dynamics of kenyan g2p[4] human rotavirus strains. | although g2p[4] rotaviruses are common causes of acute childhood diarrhoea in africa, to date, there are no reports on whole genomic analysis of african g2p[4] strains. in this study, the nearly complete genome sequences of two kenyan g2p[4] strains, ak26 and d205, detected in 1982 and 1989, respectively, were analyzed. strain d205 exhibited a ds-1-like genotype constellation, whilst strain ak26 appeared to be an intergenogroup reassortant with a wa-like nsp2 genotype on the ds-1-like genotype c ... | 2011 | 21613446 |
| human infection with g12 rotaviruses, germany. | rotavirus group a g12 genotypes were detected in 3 (1.5%) of 198 stool samples positive for human rotavirus. g12p[6] was present in 2 samples, and a mixed g3g12p[8] was found in 1 sample. phylogenetic analysis of complete open reading frames of all 11 genomic rna segments proved their wa-like genogroup affiliation. | 2009 | 19788829 |
| environmental dissemination of group a rotavirus: p-type, g-type and subgroup characterization. | rotaviruses a (rv-a) infection is the most common cause of acute diarrheal diseases in infants and the dissemination of these viruses in the environment represents a public health hazard. the present study aims to evaluate reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (rt-pcr) based protocols for the detection of rv-a genes in different types of environmental samples. rv-a were concentrated by the adsorption-elution method using negatively charged membranes associated with a centriprep concent ... | 2009 | 19657158 |
| identification of a novel vp4 genotype carried by a serotype g5 porcine rotavirus strain. | rotavirus genome segment 4, encoding the spike outer capsid vp4 protein, of a porcine rotavirus (porv) strain, 134/04-15, identified in italy was sequenced, and the predicted amino acid (aa) sequence was compared to those of all known vp4 (p) genotypes. the aa sequence of the full-length vp4 protein of the porv strain 134/04-15 showed aa identity values ranging from 59.7% (bovine strain kk3, p8[11]) to 86.09% (porcine strain a46, p[13]) with those of the remaining 25 p genotypes. moreover, aa se ... | 2006 | 16364388 |
| relationships among porcine and human p[6] rotaviruses: evidence that the different human p[6] lineages have originated from multiple interspecies transmission events. | porcine rotavirus strains (porvs) bearing human-like vp4 p[6] gene alleles were identified. genetic characterization with either pcr genotyping or sequence analysis allowed to determine the vp7 specificity of the porvs as g3, g4, g5 and g9, and the vp6 as genogroup i, that is predictive of a subgroup i specificity. sequence analysis of the vp8* trypsin-cleavage product of vp4 allowed porvs to be characterized further into genetic lineages within the p[6] genotype. unexpectedly, the strains displ ... | 2006 | 16194556 |
| activation of arp2/3 complex-dependent actin polymerization by plant proteins distantly related to scar/wave. | the arp2/3 complex, a highly conserved nucleator of f-actin polymerization, plays a key role in the regulation of actin dynamics eukaryotic cells. in animal cells and yeasts, wiskott-aldrich syndrome protein (wasp)/suppressor of camp receptor (scar)/wasp family verprolin homologous (wave) family proteins activate the arp2/3 complex in response to localized cues. like other eukaryotes, plants have an arp2/3 complex, which has recently been shown to play an important role in f-actin organization a ... | 2004 | 15534215 |
| identification of two lineages (wa-like and f45-like) within the major rotavirus genotype p[8]. | the fourth gene of a porcine (s8) and eight human rotavirus isolates possessing the major human vp4 specificity (p1a serotype and/or p[8] genotype) were partially sequenced and compared to other available p[8] sequences from rotaviruses types g1, g3, g5 and g9 specificities which had been originally recovered from children with diarrhea in japan, brazil and the usa. brazilian rotavirus s8 represented the single known porcine rotavirus with this p specificity. phylogenetic analysis revealed two l ... | 1999 | 10082386 |
| characterization of human rotavirus genotype p[8]g5 from brazil by probe-hybridization and sequence. | we report the molecular characterization of rotavirus genotype p[8]g5 strains found in fecal specimens collected in four different regions of brazil, using digoxigenin(dig)-labeled oligonucleotide probes, sequence analysis, and rna-rna hybridization. the closest sequence relationships of the neutralization antigens of these strains were to the vp4 protein of p1a[8]g1 strain ku (93.3% identity in amino acids 11 to 282) and to the vp7 protein of g serotype 5 strain osu (87.6% identity in amino aci ... | 1996 | 9526542 |
| full genome-based classification of rotaviruses reveals a common origin between human wa-like and porcine rotavirus strains and human ds-1-like and bovine rotavirus strains. | group a rotavirus classification is currently based on the molecular properties of the two outer layer proteins, vp7 and vp4, and the middle layer protein, vp6. as reassortment of all the 11 rotavirus gene segments plays a key role in generating rotavirus diversity in nature, a classification system that is based on all the rotavirus gene segments is desirable for determining which genes influence rotavirus host range restriction, replication, and virulence, as well as for studying rotavirus epi ... | 2008 | 18216098 |
| phylogenetic analysis of novel g12 rotaviruses in the united states: a molecular search for the origin of a new strain. | rotavirus serotype g12 was initially identified in the philippines in 1987 and was not described again until it reemerged more than 13 years later. g12 strains were first detected in the united states in 2002 and have recently assumed a worldwide distribution. the high similarity between the sequence of the major outer capsid vp7 gene of human g12 strains and the single porcine g12 isolate raised the prospect that human strains may have arisen through reassortment with porcine strains or, altern ... | 2009 | 19235867 |
| recurrent circulation of single nonstructural gene substitution reassortants among human rotaviruses with a short rna pattern. | to determine the relative frequency of intergenogroup reassortants of rotavirus in nature, we analyzed the genetic composition of 22 electrophoretically distinct stool isolates which accounted for 95.2% of stool rotaviruses with a short rna pattern collected during 10 rotavirus seasons. these strains all showed subgroup i and g2 specificities, but two distinct hybridization patterns were observed when the probes prepared from wa (a member of the wa genogroup) and kun (a member of the ds-1 genogr ... | 1994 | 8002791 |
| the molecular epidemiology of rotavirus-associated gastro-enteritis in the transkei, southern africa. | rotaviruses were detected in 32.8% (71/216) of stool specimens collected from young children with gastro-enteritis attending the rehydration unit at umtata general hospital between april 1988 and march 1989. a seasonal distribution was observed with an increase in numbers shedding the virus during the colder months of the year. based on variations in the migration pattern of the rna genome segments when passed through polyacrylamide gels, 14 different electrophoretypes were identified: 69% were ... | 1992 | 1280040 |
| whole genome analysis of multiple rotavirus strains from a single stool specimen using sequence-independent amplification and 454® pyrosequencing reveals evidence of intergenotype genome segment recombination. | infection of a single host cell with two or more different rotavirus strains creates conditions favourable for evolutionary mechanisms like reassortment and recombination that can generate novel strains. despite numerous reports describing mixed rotavirus infections, whole genome characterisation of rotavirus strains in a mixed infection case has not been reported. double-stranded rna, exhibiting a long electropherotype pattern only, was extracted from a single human stool specimen (rva/human-wt ... | 2011 | 22019521 |
| phylogenetic analysis of vp1, vp2, and vp3 gene segments of genotype g5 group a rotavirus strains circulating in brazil between 1986 and 2005. | genotype g5 group a rotavirus (rv-a), which is common in pigs and also detected in horses and cattle, circulated as endemic genotype in the 1980s and early 1990s in brazil. after 1996, g5 rv-a has been replaced by g9 rv-a, becoming only sporadically detected. recently, g5 has been reported in children with severe diarrhea in argentina, cameroon, paraguay, people's republic of china, and vietnam, suggesting that, although uncommon in humans, it has a worldwide distribution. in a previous study, b ... | 2011 | 21827799 |
| full genomic analyses of human rotavirus strains possessing the rare p[8]b vp4 subtype. | rotaviruses with the p[8] vp4 genotype are a major cause of acute infantile diarrhea. the p[8] genotype is classified into two genetically distinct subtypes, p[8]a and p[8]b. most of the p[8] strains belong to subtype p[8]a, whilst p[8]b strains are rare. to date, the whole genomes of a few p[8]a strains have been analyzed, whilst there are no reports on full genomic analysis of the p[8]b strains. to determine the genetic makeup of the rare p[8]b strains and their overall genetic relatedness to ... | 2011 | 21640848 |
| molecular characterization of group a rotaviruses detected in children with gastroenteritis in ireland in 2006-2009. | summarycommunity and hospital-acquired cases of human rotavirus are responsible for millions of gastroenteritis cases in children worldwide, chiefly in developing countries, and vaccines are now available. during surveillance activity for human rotavirus infections in ireland, between 2006 and 2009, a total of 420 rotavirus strains were collected and analysed. upon either pcr genotyping and sequence analysis, a variety of vp7 (g1-g4 and g9) and vp4 (p[4], p[6], p[8] and p[9]) genotypes were dete ... | 2011 | 21396145 |
| sequencing and phylogenetic analysis of the coding region of six common rotavirus strains: evidence for intragenogroup reassortment among co-circulating g1p[8] and g2p[4] strains from the united states. | the segmented genome of rotaviruses provides an opportunity for rotavirus strains to generate a large genetic diversity through reassortment; however, this mechanism is considered to play little role in the generation of mosaic gene constellations between wa-like and ds-1-like strains in genes other than the neutralization antigens. a pilot study was undertaken to analyze these two epidemiologically important strains at the genomic level in order to (i) identify intergenogroup reassortment and ( ... | 2011 | 21264876 |
| full genomic analysis of indian g1p[8] rotavirus strains. | rotavirus g1p[8] strains are the most predominant cause of rotavirus diarrhea, worldwide and are an important component of currently licensed rotateq and rotarix vaccines. despite a significant contribution of these strains in causing diarrhea in indian children, none of them has been characterized completely, to date. this issue was addressed in the present study by sequencing and phylogenetic analysis of complete genomes of 3 indian rotavirus strains (06361, 0613158 and 061060) of g1p[8] speci ... | 2011 | 21256248 |
| genomic characterization of human rotavirus g10 strains from the african rotavirus network: relationship to animal rotaviruses. | global rotavirus surveillance has led to the detection of many unusual human rotavirus (hrv) genotypes. the aim of this study was to elucidate the genetic and evolutionary relationships of short fragments of all 11 gene segments of g10 hrv strains identified in west africa through the african rotavirus network (arn) system. during 1998-2004 surveillance within the arn, we identified 5 g10 p[8] hrv strains. fragments of all 11 gene segments of these g10 strains were sequenced. phylogenetic and se ... | 2010 | 20934537 |
| emergence and characterization of serotype g9 rotavirus strains from africa. | serotype g9 strains have been detected sporadically and in localized outbreaks in various african countries, including south africa, botswana, malawi, kenya, cameroon, nigeria, ghana, guinea-bissau, libya, and mauritius. serotype g9 strains were analyzed to investigate genogroup characteristics, including subgroup specificity, electropherotype, and p and g genotypes. in addition, the antigenic composition of the south african g9 strains was assessed. african g9 strains were associated with both ... | 2010 | 20684719 |
| complete genomic analysis of a bangladeshi g1p[8] rotavirus strain detected in 2003 reveals a close evolutionary relationship with contemporary human wa-like strains. | more than 120 variants of rotavirus strains with different vp7 (g type) and vp4 (p type) combinations are reported thus far. among them wa-like g1p[8] rotaviruses are the most common human strains worldwide. however, characterization of their entire genome complement is limited to a few old prototype strains, and no complete genome data for any g1p[8] strain isolated in the last decade are available. both the currently licensed rotavirus vaccines rotarix and rotateq possess the g1 and p[8] speci ... | 2010 | 20441801 |
| reassortment of human rotavirus gene segments into g11 rotavirus strains. | g11 rotaviruses are believed to be of porcine origin. however, a limited number of g11 rotaviruses have been recently isolated from humans in combination with p[25], p[8], p[6], and p[4]. to investigate the evolutionary relationships of these strains, we analyzed the complete genomes of 2 human g11p[25] strains, 2 human g11p[8] strains, and 3 porcine reference strains. most of the 11 gene segments of these 7 strains belonged to genotype 1 (wa-like). however, phylogenetic clustering patterns sugg ... | 2010 | 20350376 |
| full genomic analysis and possible origin of a porcine g12 rotavirus strain ru172. | human group a rotavirus (gar) g12 strains are regarded as potentially important pathogens for acute gastroenteritis. on the other hand, to date, the only report of detection of g12 in animals was that of a porcine g12p[7] strain ru172. strain ru172 formed a separate g12 lineage, distinct from human g12 strains, and by analyses of deduced amino acid sequences, had a vp4, vp6, nsp4-5 of porcine origin. in the present study, we determined the full-length nucleotide sequences of vp1, vp3, and nsp1-3 ... | 2010 | 20157771 |
| prevalence of human rotavirus genotypes in wuhan, china, during 2008-2011: changing trend of predominant genotypes and emergence of strains with the p[8]b subtype of the vp4 gene. | hospital-based surveillance of rotavirus genotypes was conducted in wuhan, china, between march 2008 and may 2011. the detection rates of group a rotavirus were 24.6% (458/1859) and 12.1% (96/795) in children and adults, respectively, with diarrhea. among the 554 positive specimens, the most frequent genotype was g3p[8] (57.9%), followed by g1p[8] (29.4%). compared with previous studies in wuhan (2000-2008), the relative frequency of g3p[8] has been decreasing year by year, while the predominant ... | 2011 | 21986895 |
| whole genome analyses of african g2, g8, g9, and g12 rotavirus strains using sequence-independent amplification and 454® pyrosequencing. | high mortality rates caused by rotaviruses are associated with several strains such as g2, g8, g9, and g12 rotaviruses. rotaviruses with g9 and g12 genotypes emerged worldwide in the past two decades. g2 and g8 rotaviruses are however also characterized frequently across africa. to understand the genetic constellation of african g2, g8, g9, and g12 rotavirus strains and their possible origin, sequence-independent cdna synthesis, amplification, and 454(®) pyrosequencing of the whole genomes of fi ... | 2011 | 21915879 |
| full genomic analysis of a human group a rotavirus g9p[6] strain from eastern india provides evidence for porcine-to-human interspecies transmission. | deduced amino acid sequence and phylogenetic analyses of a group a rotavirus g9p[6] strain (designated as mcs/13-07), detected from a 3-year-old child in eastern india, revealed a vp8* closely related to porcine p[6] strains (p[6] sublineage 1d), and the vp7 clustered with g9 lineage-iii strains. to our knowledge, this is the first report of human p[6] strain clustering in sublineage id. thus, to further characterize the evolutionary diversity of strain mcs/13-07, all gene segments were analyzed ... | 2009 | 19333549 |
| full genomic analysis of a human rotavirus g1p[8] strain isolated in south korea. | a rotavirus g1p[8] strain c1-81 was isolated from a 5-month-old female infant admitted to hospital with fever and severe diarrhea in incheon, south korea. to investigate its full genomic relatedness and its group, the full genome of strain c1-81 was determined. based on a full genome classification system, c1-81 was shown to possess the typical wa-like genotype constellation: g1-p[8]-i1-r1-c1-m1-a1-n1-t1-e1-h1. on the basis of sequence similarities, the strain was shown to be the closest related ... | 2013 | 23023979 |
| diversity and relationships of cocirculating modern human rotaviruses revealed using large-scale comparative genomics. | group a rotaviruses (rvs) are 11-segmented, double-stranded rna viruses and are primary causes of gastroenteritis in young children. despite their medical relevance, the genetic diversity of modern human rvs is poorly understood, and the impact of vaccine use on circulating strains remains unknown. in this study, we report the complete genome sequence analysis of 58 rvs isolated from children with severe diarrhea and/or vomiting at vanderbilt university medical center (vumc) in nashville, tn, du ... | 2012 | 22696651 |
| molecular characterization of the nsp4 gene of human group a rotavirus strains circulating in tunisia from 2006 to 2008. | non-structural protein 4 (nsp4), encoded by group a rotavirus (rva) genome segment 10, is a multifunctional protein and the first recognized virus-encoded enterotoxin. recently, a new classification system for rvas was proposed and a total of 14 nsp4 genotypes (e1-e14) are currently described. the most common nsp4 genotypes in humans are wa-like e1 and ds-1-like e2. this report represents the first investigation on the genetic diversity of rva nsp4 genes in tunisia from 2006 to 2008. in the pres ... | 2012 | 22406141 |
| whole genomic analysis of a porcine g6p[13] rotavirus strain. | we report here the whole genomic analysis of an unusual porcine g6p[13] rotavirus-a (rva) strain, rva/pig-wt/ind/hp113/2002/g6p[13], detected from a diarrheic piglet in eastern india in 2002. strain hp113 exhibited a g6-p[13]-i2-r1-c1-m1-a1-n1-t7-e1-h1 genotype constellation, not reported previously. the vp1, vp3, vp4, nsp1 and nsp3-nsp5 genes of rva strain hp113 were found to be closely related to those of porcine and/or porcine-like human rvas. on the other hand, the nsp2 gene of hp113 was fou ... | 2015 | 26454565 |
| full-length genomic analysis of porcine rotavirus strains isolated from pigs with diarrhea in northern italy. | group a rotaviruses (rva) cause acute dehydrating diarrhea in young of man and many animal species, including pigs. swine rva has an important economic impact on the farming industry, and pigs represent a potential reservoir for zoonotic transmission of rva to humans. to investigate the genetic diversity of porcine rva strains in italy and identify their possible zoonotic characteristics, 25 rva-positive feces were collected from diarrheic pigs in northern italy, in 2009-2010; all viral strains ... | 2014 | 24704759 |
| molecular characterization of a rare g9p[23] porcine rotavirus isolate from china. | the fifth most important g genotype, g9 rotavirus, is recognized as an emerging genotype that is spreading around the world. sequence analysis was completed of a rare group a rotavirus, strain g9p[23], that was designated rotavirus a pig/china/nmtl/2008/g9p[23] and abbreviated as nmtl. it was isolated from a piglet with diarrhea in china. nucleotide sequence analysis revealed that the vp7 gene clustered within the g9 lineage vid. the vp4 gene clustered within the rare p[23] genotype. nmtl is the ... | 2012 | 22729562 |
| full genome analysis of rotavirus g9p[8] strains identified in acute gastroenteritis cases reveals genetic diversity: pune, western india. | group a rotaviruses (rva) are the major enteric etiological agents of severe acute gastroenteritis among children globally. as g9 rva now represents as one of the major human rva genotypes, studies on full genome of this particular genotype are being carried out worldwide. so far, no such studies on g9p[8] rvas have been reported from pune, western part of india. keeping in view of this, the study was undertaken to understand the degree of genetic diversity of the commonly circulating g9p[8] rva ... | 2017 | 28240365 |
| detection of a novel equine-like g3 rotavirus associated with acute gastroenteritis in brazil. | genotype g3p[8] of rotavirus a (rva) is detected worldwide, usually associated with wa-like constellation and exhibiting a long rna migration pattern. more recently, a novel inter-genogroup, g3p[8] reassortant variant with a short electropherotype, has emerged in asia, oceania and europe, denoting an overall potential of unusual rotavirus strains. during a rva surveillance in brazil, g3p[8] strains were found displaying a short electropherotype pattern, which had not been detected before in this ... | 2016 | 27902376 |
| whole-genome characterisation of g12p[6] rotavirus strains possessing two distinct genotype constellations co-circulating in blantyre, malawi, 2008. | rotavirus a strains detected in diarrhoeal children commonly possess any one of the genotypes g1, g2, g3, g4, and g9, with a recent increase in g12 detection globally. g12p[6] strains possessing short rna (ds-1-like) and long rna (wa-like) migration patterns accounted for 27 % of the strains circulating in blantyre, malawi, between 2007 and 2008. to understand how the g12p[6] strains with two distinct genetic backgrounds emerged in malawi, we conducted whole-genome analysis of two long-rna and t ... | 2017 | 27718073 |
| a candidate packaging signal of human rotavirus differentiating wa-like and ds-1-like genomic constellations. | rotavirus a (rva) possesses a genome of 11 segmented rnas. in human rva, two major genomic constellations are represented by prototype strains wa and ds-1. here packaging signals differentiating wa-like and ds-1-like genomic constellations were searched for by analyzing genomic sequences of wa-like and ds-1-like strains. one pair of 11 nucleotide sites in the coding regions of viral structural protein (vp) 2 and vp6 was found to be complementary specifically among wa-like strains. these sites te ... | 2015 | 26224654 |
| changes in the distribution of lineage constellations of g2p[4] rotavirus a strains detected in japan over 32 years (1980-2011). | rotavirus a (rva) is a leading cause of acute gastroenteritis in young children worldwide. most human rva strains are classified into three major genotype constellations: wa-like, ds-1-like and au-1-like. the evolution of g2p[4] strains possessing the ds-1-like genetic background was described in a few recent studies. however, the strains analyzed in these studies were almost exclusively the ones detected after 2000. in recognition of the scarcity of g2p[4] strains detected before 2000 for which ... | 2015 | 26026594 |
| genomic characterization of g3p[6], g4p[6] and g4p[8] human rotaviruses from wuhan, china: evidence for interspecies transmission and reassortment events. | we report here the whole genomic analyses of two g4p[6] (rva/human-wt/chn/e931/2008/g4p[6], rva/human-wt/chn/r1954/2013/g4p[6]), one g3p[6] (rva/human-wt/chn/r946/2006/g3p[6]) and one g4p[8] (rva/human-wt/chn/e2484/2011/g4p[8]) group a rotavirus (rva) strains detected in sporadic cases of diarrhea in humans in the city of wuhan, china. all the four strains displayed a wa-like genotype constellation. strains e931 and r1954 shared a g4-p[6]-i1-r1-c1-m1-a8-n1-t1-e1-h1 constellation, whilst the 11 g ... | 2015 | 25891280 |
| unexpected spreading of g12p[8] rotavirus strains among young children in a small area of central italy. | rotavirus gastroenteritis is associated mainly with the five genotypes g1,3,4,9p[8] and g2p[4] that are common worldwide, but emerging strains including g6, g8, and g12 are also reported sporadically. g12p[8] rotavirus was observed unexpectedly to spread in a limited area of italy during the rotavirus surveillance season 2012-2013. all strains were genotyped for vp7 and vp4 and subjected to phylogenetic analysis. amino acid sequences of antigenic regions were compared with vaccine and field stra ... | 2015 | 25758365 |
| molecular epidemiology of group a rotavirus among children admitted to hospital in salto, uruguay, 2011-2012: first detection of the emerging genotype g12. | group a rotavirus (rva) is the most important etiologic agent of infant acute gastroenteritis (age) worldwide. detection and molecular characterization of rva in salto department, northwestern region of uruguay, was conducted on 175 clinical samples, being 153 stool and 22 vomit samples, collected from hospitalized children with age, between 0-15 years old, from two hospitals of salto city during 2011 and 2012. rva was detected and genotyped by seminested multiplex rt-pcr in order to determine g ... | 2015 | 25650154 |
| full genome characterization of human rotavirus a strains isolated in cameroon, 2010-2011: diverse combinations of the g and p genes and lack of reassortment of the backbone genes. | over the past few years whole genome sequencing of rotaviruses has become a routine laboratory method in many strain surveillance studies. to study the molecular evolutionary pattern of representative cameroonian rotavirus a (rva) strains, the semiconductor sequencing approach was used following random amplification of genomic rna. in total, 31 rva strains collected during 2010-2011 in three cameroonian study sites located 120 to 1240 km from each other were sequenced and analyzed. sequence anal ... | 2014 | 25460824 |
| prevalence and genomic characterization of g2p[4] group a rotavirus strains during monovalent vaccine introduction in brazil. | this study aims to: estimate the prevalence of g2p[4] rotaviruses in brazil between 2001-2011 from patients with acute gastroenteritis; perform phylogenetic analyses of g2p[4] brazilian strains (from vaccinated and non-vaccinated children) based on vp7 and vp8(∗) encoding genes and analyze the antigenic regions of these proteins comparing with rv1; and assess the full genetic background of eleven selected brazilian strains. the g2p[4] detection rate among rva positive samples was 0/157 in 2001, ... | 2014 | 25239525 |
| whole genomic analysis of human g12p[6] and g12p[8] rotavirus strains that have emerged in kenya: identification of porcine-like nsp4 genes. | g12 rotaviruses are globally emerging rotavirus strains causing severe childhood diarrhea. however, the whole genomes of only a few g12 strains have been fully sequenced and analyzed, of which only one g12p[4] and one g12p[6] are from africa. in this study, we sequenced and characterized the complete genomes of three g12 strains (rva/human-tc/ken/kdh633/2010/g12p[6], rva/human-tc/ken/kdh651/2010/g12p[8], and rva/human-tc/ken/kdh684/2010/g12p[6]) identified in three stool specimens from children ... | 2014 | 25111611 |
| a novel human rotavirus serotype with dual g5-g11 specificity. | rotavirus serotype g5 isolates were recently recovered from children with diarrhoea in brazil. like most human strains, they exhibited long electropherotypes and subgroup ii and wa-like vp4 specificity. we report the successful propagation and the molecular and antigenic characterization of one of these isolates (ial-28). cross-neutralization of ial-28 and a single gene reassortant, uk x ial-28, which contains the gene encoding the ial-28 vp7 in the uk genomic background, with prototype g1 to g1 ... | 1997 | 9191932 |
| electrophoretic typing of nosocomial rotavirus infection in a general paediatric unit showing the continual introduction of community strains. | during 1989 stool specimens from hospitalised children with gastroenteritis at ga-rankuwa hospital in south africa were examined for the presence of rotaviruses. overall 16% of the children were positive for rotavirus. however, 43% of the rotavirus positive patients were infected in the hospital. further characterisation of the rotavirus strains was performed by electrophoresis of the rna genome and hybridisation analysis of the vp7 and vp4 genes present. the strains associated with nosocomial i ... | 1993 | 8395553 |
| distribution of vp4 gene alleles in human rotaviruses by using probes to the hyperdivergent region of the vp4 gene. | the rotavirus vp4 protein elicits the production of neutralizing antibodies and is known to play a role in inducing resistance to disease. at least five human rotavirus vp4 gene alleles have been described on the basis of antigenic polymorphism and/or nucleotide sequence differences. in the present study, we developed cdna probes directed at the hyperdivergent region of the vp4 gene of the five described human rotavirus vp4 alleles (wa, ds1, m37, au228, and 69m) and used them in hybridization as ... | 1993 | 8394374 |
| rotavirus surveillance in kisangani, the democratic republic of the congo, reveals a high number of unusual genotypes and gene segments of animal origin in non-vaccinated symptomatic children. | group a rotavirus (rva) infections form a major public health problem, especially in low-income countries like the democratic republic of the congo (cod). however, limited data on rva diversity is available from sub-saharan africa in general and the cod in particular. therefore, the first aim of this study was to determine the genetic diversity of 99 rvas detected during 2007-2010 in kisangani, cod. the predominant g-type was g1 (39%) and the most predominant p-type was p[6] (53%). a total of ei ... | 2014 | 24968018 |
| gastroenteritis outbreaks caused by a ds-1-like g1p[8] rotavirus strain, japan, 2012-2013. | rotavirus a (rva) genotype g1p[8], a hallmark of the wa-like strain, typically contains only genotype 1 genes. however, an unusual rva g1p[8] with genotype 2 genes was recently detected in japan. we determined the complete genomic constellation of this rva. our findings suggest that mixed rvas may be more competitive than once thought. | 2014 | 24856174 |
| distinct evolutionary origins of g12p[8] and g12p[9] group a rotavirus strains circulating in brazil. | g12 group a rotavirus (rva) are currently recognized as a globally emerging genotype and have been described in combination with several p-types. in brazil, g12 rva strains have been described in the southern (2003) and northern (2008-2010) regions, in combination with the p[9] and p[6] genotype, respectively. to date, few complete genomes of g12 rva strains have been described (none from brazilian strains), considering g12p[9] genotype just one strain, rva/human-tc/tha/t152/1998/g12p[9], has th ... | 2014 | 24747965 |
| complete genotype constellation of human rotavirus group a circulating in thailand, 2008-2011. | this study has identified diverse and re-assorted group a rotavirus (rva) strains by sequence and phylogenetic analysis of the 11 genomic segments. the 22 cases investigated in this study were collected from children with diarrhea between 2008 and 2011. the rva genomic constellations identified in this study were identified as g1-p[8]-i1-r1-c1-m1-a1-n1-t1-e1-h1 22.7% (5/22); g2-p[4]-i2-r2-c2-m2-a2-n2-t2-e2-h2 27.3% (6/22); g3-p[8]-i1-r1-c1-m1-a1-n1-t1-e1-h1 18.2% (4/22); g3-p[9]-i3-r3-c3-m3-a3-n ... | 2014 | 24296010 |
| phylogenetic analysis of g1p[6] group a rotavirus strains detected in northeast brazilian children fully vaccinated with rotarix™. | in 2009 the world health organization recommended the use of group a rotavirus (rva) vaccines in all national immunization programs (nips) in order to control severe rva gastroenteritis disease. in brazil, rotarix™ was introduced in the nip in march 2006, and a significant reduction in mortality rates among children ≤ 5 years old was observed, especially in the northern and northeastern brazil. in the current study the 11 gene segments of six brazilian g1p[6] rva strains, isolated in 2009 and 20 ... | 2013 | 23538335 |
| sequence analysis of the whole genomes of five african human g9 rotavirus strains. | the g9 rotaviruses are amongst the most common global rotavirus strains causing severe childhood diarrhoea. however, the whole genomes of only a few g9 rotaviruses have been fully sequenced and characterised of which only one g9p[6] and one g9p[8] are from africa. we determined the consensus sequence of the whole genomes of five african human group a g9 rotavirus strains, four g9p[8] strains and one g9p[6] strain collected in cameroon (central africa), kenya (eastern africa), south africa and zi ... | 2013 | 23369762 |
| the origin of two rare human p[10] rotavirus strains. | the group a rotavirus (rva) p[10] is a rare genotype of the rva vp4 gene. to date, the whole genome sequence of only a single p[10] rva strain, rva/human-tc/idn/69m/1980/g8p4[10], has been determined, revealing a ds-1-like genotype constellation. whole genomic analyses of p[10] rva strains with other vp7 genotypes are essential to obtain conclusive data on the origin and genetic diversity of the p10] rvas. in the present study, the whole genome of a human g4p[10] rva strain, rva/human-tc/idn/57m ... | 2013 | 23178318 |
| genotype constellation and evolution of group a rotaviruses infecting humans. | numerous rotavirus group a (rva) strains with distinct g-genotype and p-genotype combinations have been described infecting humans worldwide. however, the increasing amount of complete rva genome data which have become available, suggest that only rva strains with 2 discrete genotype constellations have been successful in sustaining infection of humans worldwide over longer periods of time. those genotype constellations have been designated i1-r1-c1-m1-a1-n1-t1-e1-h1 and i2-r2-c2-m2-a2-n2-t2-e2- ... | 2012 | 22683209 |
| whole-genomic analysis of a human g1p[9] rotavirus strain reveals intergenogroup-reassortment events. | group a rotavirus (rva) strain k8 (rva/human-tc/jpn/k8/1977/g1p[9]) was found to have wa-like vp7 and nsp1 genes and au-1-like vp4 and nsp5 genes. to determine the exact origin and overall genetic makeup of this unusual rva strain, the remaining genes (vp1-vp3, vp6 and nsp2-nsp4) of k8 were analysed in this study. strain k8 exhibited a g1-p[9]-i1-r3-c3-m3-a1-n1-t3-e3-h3 genotype constellation, not reported previously. the vp6 and nsp2 genes of strain k8 were related closely to those of common hu ... | 2012 | 22592265 |
| repeated circulation over 6 years of intergenogroup mono-reassortant g2p[4] rotavirus strains with genotype n1 of the nsp2 gene. | human rotavirus a, a major cause of acute diarrhoea in infants and young children worldwide, contains the genome of 11 segments of double-stranded rna, which is grouped into three major genotype constellations: the wa genogroup (g1-p[8]-i1-r1-c1-m1-a1-n1-t1-e1-h1), the ds-1 genogroup (g2-p[4]-i2-r2-c2-m2-a2-n2-t2-e2-h2), and the au-1 genogroup (g3-p[9]-i3-r3-c3-m3-a3-n3-t3-e3-h3). recently, a g2p[4] strain detected in kenya in 1982 was reported to be a nonstructural protein 2 (nsp2) gene mono-re ... | 2012 | 22575821 |
| evidence for the porcine origin of equine rotavirus strain h-1. | equine group a rotavirus (rva) strain h-1 (rva/horse-tc/gbr/h-1/1975/g5p9[7]) was found to have vp4, vp6-7, nsp1 and nsp4 genes of porcine origin. in order to obtain conclusive information on the exact origin and evolution of this unusual equine strain, the remaining six genes (vp1-3, nsp2-3 and nsp5 genes) of strain h-1 were analyzed in the present study. by whole genomic analysis, strain h-1 exhibited a porcine rva-like genotype constellation (g5-p[7]-i5-r1-c1-m1-a8-n1-t1-e1-h1), different fro ... | 2012 | 22437009 |
| full genome characterization of a porcine-like human g9p[6] rotavirus strain isolated from an infant in belgium. | interspecies transmissions of group a rotavirus (rva) strains among animals and humans are thought to take place frequently. during a rva surveillance study in belgium we isolated an unusual g9p[6] rva strain, rva/human-wt/bel/be2001/2009/g9p[6], from a 1month old boy, which did not cluster with other g9 or p[6] strains isolated in belgium. in this study we sequenced and characterized the complete genome of this unusual g9p[6] strain be2001. phylogenetic analyses of all 11 genes revealed a uniqu ... | 2012 | 22430049 |
| whole genomic characterization of korean porcine g8p[7] reassortant rotaviruses. | this study analyzed eleven genomic segments of three korean porcine g8p[7] group a rotavirus (rva) strains. phylogenetically, these strains contained two bovine-like and nine porcine-like genomic segments. eight genes (vp1, vp2, vp6 and nsp1-nsp5) of strains 156-1 and 42-1 and seven genes (vp1, vp2, vp6 and nsp2-nsp5) of strain c-1 clustered closely with porcine and porcine-like animal strains and distantly from typical human wa-like strains. the vp3-m2 genotype of these strains clustered closel ... | 2016 | 27393603 |
| distinguishing the genotype 1 genes and proteins of human wa-like rotaviruses vs. porcine rotaviruses. | group a rotaviruses (rvas) are 11-segmented, double-stranded rna viruses and important causes of gastroenteritis in the young of many animal species. previous studies have suggested that human wa-like rvas share a close evolutionary relationship with porcine rvas. specifically, the vp1-vp3 and nsp2-5/6 genes of these viruses are usually classified as genotype 1 with >81% nucleotide sequence identity. yet, it remains unknown whether the genotype 1 genes and proteins of human wa-like strains are d ... | 2016 | 27180895 |
| acoustic cue weighting by adults with cochlear implants: a mismatch negativity study. | formant rise time (frt) and amplitude rise time (art) are acoustic cues that inform phonetic identity. frt represents the rate of transition of the formant(s) to a steady state, while art represents the rate at which the sound reaches its peak amplitude. normal-hearing (nh) native english speakers weight frt more than art during the perceptual labeling of the /ba/-/wa/ contrast. this weighting strategy is reflected neurophysiologically in the magnitude of the mismatch negativity (mmn)-mmn is lar ... | 2017 | 26655914 |
| emergence and characterization of unusual ds-1-like g1p[8] rotavirus strains in children with diarrhea in thailand. | the emergence and rapid spread of unusual ds-1-like g1p[8] rotaviruses in japan have been recently reported. during rotavirus surveillance in thailand, three ds-1-like g1p[8] strains (rva/human-wt/tha/pcb-180/2013/g1p[8], rva/human-wt/tha/skt-109/2013/g1p[8], and rva/human-wt/tha/sskt-41/2013/g1p[8]) were identified in stool specimens from hospitalized children with severe diarrhea. in this study, we sequenced and characterized the complete genomes of strains pcb-180, skt-109, and sskt-41. on wh ... | 2015 | 26540260 |
| identification of a multi-reassortant g12p[9] rotavirus with novel vp1, vp2, vp3 and nsp2 genotypes in a child with acute gastroenteritis. | the g12 rotavirus genotype is globally emerging to cause severe gastroenteritis in children. common g12 rotaviruses have either a wa-like or ds-1-like genome constellation, while some g12 strains may have unusual genome composition. in this study, we determined the full-genome sequence of a g12p[9] strain (me848/12) detected in a child hospitalized with acute gastroenteritis in italy in 2012. strain me848/12 showed a complex genetic constellation (g12-p[9]-i17-r12-c12-m11-a12-n12-t7-e6-h2), like ... | 2015 | 26205691 |
| whole genomic analysis of human g12p[6] and g12p[8] rotavirus strains that have emerged in myanmar. | g12 rotaviruses are emerging rotavirus strains causing severe diarrhea in infants and young children worldwide. however, the whole genomes of only a few g12 strains have been fully sequenced and analyzed. in this study, we sequenced and characterized the complete genomes of six g12 strains (rva/human-tc/mmr/a14/2011/g12p[8], rva/human-tc/mmr/a23/2011/g12p[6], rva/human-tc/mmr/a25/2011/g12p[8], rva/human-tc/mmr/p02/2011/g12p[8], rva/human-tc/mmr/p39/2011/g12p[8], and rva/human-tc/mmr/p43/2011/g12 ... | 2015 | 25938434 |
| large increase of rotavirus diarrhoea in the hospital setting associated with emergence of g12 genotype in a highly vaccinated population in nicaragua. | rotaviruses (rvs) are a major cause of severe diarrhoea in young children. nicaragua introduced routine immunization with the pentavalent rv vaccine (rv5) in 2006, which greatly reduced the incidence of diarrhoea. a remaining concern has been the possible emergence of new rv strains to which the vaccination has less effect. in this study, 837 children with diarrhoea in hospital settings were investigated for rv between may 2011 and july 2013. rvs were subsequently typed by multiplex pcr and/or s ... | 2015 | 25677631 |
| g1p[8] species a rotavirus over 27 years--pre- and post-vaccination eras--in brazil: full genomic constellation analysis and no evidence for selection pressure by rotarix® vaccine. | epidemiological data on species a rotavirus (rva) infections have demonstrated the genetic diversity of strains circulating worldwide. many g and p genotype combinations have been described over the years, varying regionally and temporally, especially in developing countries. however, the most common g and p genotype combinations identified in rva human strains worldwide are g1p[8], g2p[4], g3p[8], g4p[8] and g9p[8]. rva genotype g1p[8] strains are responsible for more than 50% of child infectio ... | 2015 | 25562122 |
| human g3p[9] rotavirus strains possessing an identical genotype constellation to au-1 isolated at high prevalence in brazil, 1997-1999. | rotavirus (rv) a is a very common cause of acute diarrhoea in infants and young children worldwide. most human strains are classified into two major wa-like and ds-1-like genotype constellations, whilst a minor third strain, au-1, was described in 1989 among human rv isolates from japan. au-1 demonstrates a high degree of homology to a feline rv, frv-1, which suggests interspecies transmission of feline rv. however, there has been no subsequent report of rvs possessing the au-1 genotype througho ... | 2015 | 25467218 |
| complete genome characterization of recent and ancient belgian pig group a rotaviruses and assessment of their evolutionary relationship with human rotaviruses. | group a rotaviruses (rvas) are an important cause of diarrhea in young pigs and children. an evolutionary relationship has been suggested to exist between pig and human rvas. this hypothesis was further investigated by phylogenetic analysis of the complete genomes of six recent (g2p[27], g3p[6], g4p[7], g5p[7], g9p[13], and g9p[23]) and one historic (g1p[7]) belgian pig rva strains and of all completely characterized pig rvas from around the globe. in contrast to the large diversity of genotypes ... | 2015 | 25378486 |
| comparative genomic analysis of genogroup 1 (wa-like) rotaviruses circulating in the usa, 2006-2009. | group a rotaviruses (rva) are double stranded rna viruses that are a significant cause of acute pediatric gastroenteritis. beginning in 2006 and 2008, respectively, two vaccines, rotarix™ and rotateq®, have been approved for use in the usa for prevention of rva disease. the effects of possible vaccine pressure on currently circulating strains in the usa and their genome constellations are still under investigation. in this study we report 33 complete rva genomes (orf regions) collected in multip ... | 2014 | 25301114 |
| full genomic characterization of a novel genotype combination, g4p[14], of a human rotavirus strain from barbados. | since 2004, the pan american health organization (paho) has carried out rotavirus surveillance in latin america and the caribbean. here we report the characterization of human rotavirus with the novel g-p combination of g4p[14], detected through paho surveillance in barbados. full genome sequencing of strain rva/human-wt/brb/cdc1133/2012/g4p[14] revealed that its genotype is g4-p[14]-i1-r1-c1-m1-a8-n1-t1-e1-h1. the possession of a genogroup 1 (wa-like) backbone distinguishes this strain from oth ... | 2014 | 25251674 |
| large-scale whole genome sequencing identifies country-wide spread of an emerging g9p[8] rotavirus strain in hungary, 2012. | with the availability of rotavirus vaccines routine strain surveillance has been launched or continued in many countries worldwide. in this study relevant information is provided from hungary in order to extend knowledge about circulating rotavirus strains. direct sequencing of the rt-pcr products obtained by vp7 and vp4 genes specific primer sets was utilized as routine laboratory method. in addition we explored the advantage of random primed rt-pcr and semiconductor sequencing of the whole gen ... | 2014 | 25239526 |
| novel porcine-like human g26p[19] rotavirus identified in hospitalized paediatric diarrhoea patients in ho chi minh city, vietnam. | during a hospital-based diarrhoeal disease study conducted in ho chi minh city, vietnam from 2009 to 2010, we identified four symptomatic children infected with g26p[19] rotavirus (rv)--an atypical variant that has not previously been reported in human gastroenteritis. to determine the genetic structure and investigate the origin of this g26p[19] strain, the whole genome of a representative example was characterized, revealing a novel genome constellation: g26-p[19]-i5-r1-c1-m1-a8-n1-t1-e1-h1. t ... | 2014 | 25121549 |
| a decade of g3p[8] and g9p[8] rotaviruses in brazil: epidemiology and evolutionary analyses. | this study aims to estimate the frequency of group a rotaviruses (rva) infection with genotypes g3p[8] and g9p[8] in children that suffered from diarrheal disease (dd) between 2001 and 2011 in different brazilian regions. in addition, the genetic diversity of g3p[8] and g9p[8] rva strains recovered from vaccinated and non-vaccinated children was assessed. laboratory-based rva surveillance included 15,115 cases of dd, and rva was detected by enzyme immune-assay and/or polyacrylamide gel electroph ... | 2014 | 24861814 |
| whole genome analyses of g1p[8] rotavirus strains from vaccinated and non-vaccinated south african children presenting with diarrhea. | group a rotaviruses (rvas) are the leading cause of severe gastroenteritis and eventually death among infants and young children worldwide, and disease prevention and management through vaccination is a public health priority. in august 2009, rotarix™ was introduced in the south african expanded programme on immunisation. as a result, substantial reductions in rva disease burden have been reported among children younger than 5 years old. rotavirus strain surveillance post-vaccination is crucial ... | 2015 | 24841697 |
| neurophysiology of spectrotemporal cue organization of spoken language in auditory memory. | listeners assign different weights to spectral dynamics, such as formant rise time (frt), and temporal dynamics, such as amplitude rise time (art), during phonetic judgments. we examined the neurophysiological basis of frt and art weighting in the /ba/-/wa/ contrast. electroencephalography was recorded for thirteen adult english speakers during a mismatch negativity (mmn) design using synthetic stimuli: a /ba/ with /ba/-like frt and art; a /wa/ with /wa/-like frt and art; and a /ba/(wa) with /ba ... | 2014 | 24576808 |
| genetic diversity of g9p[8] rotavirus strains circulating in italy in 2007 and 2010 as determined by whole genome sequencing. | this study reports the molecular characterization of g9p[8] rotavirus strains from children with acute diarrhea identified in different cities of italy, in 2007 and 2010. seventeen samples exhibited a g9p[8] genotype by rt-pcr and semi-nested pcr. preliminary sequence analysis of the vp7 and vp8(*) encoding genes revealed nucleotide identities ranging between 96% and 100%. full genome sequencing of four g9p[8] strains selected in different cities or years showed that the investigated italian str ... | 2013 | 23542095 |
| whole genomic analysis reveals the co-evolutionary phylodynamics of korean g9p[8] human rotavirus strains. | three human rotavirus g9p[8] strains, rva/human-tc/kor/cau05-202/2005/g9p[8], rva/human-tc/kor/cau09-371/2009/g9p[8], and rva/human-tc/kor/cau09-376/2009/g9p[8], were isolated from female pediatric patients with diarrhea from 2005 to 2009 using a cell culture system, and their complete genomic sequences were analyzed. the 11 gene segments of the three korean strains possessed the g9-p[8]-i1-r1-c1-m1-a1-n1-t1-e1-h1 genotype, which is closely related to the wa-like genotype 1 constellation. intere ... | 2013 | 23504107 |
| full-genome characterization of a g8p[8] rotavirus that emerged among children with diarrhea in croatia in 2006. | the whole genome of a g8p[8] rotavirus from the 2006 epidemic in croatia was sequenced and showed a wa-like genotype constellation. its vp7 gene clustered with ds-1-like g8 african rotaviruses and a g8p[4] german strain. remaining genes clustered with contemporary belgian g1p[8] rotaviruses, suggesting reassortment between human g8 and g1p[8] rotaviruses in croatia or other european countries. | 2013 | 23426928 |
| whole genomic analyses of asymptomatic human g1p[6], g2p[6] and g3p[6] rotavirus strains reveal intergenogroup reassortment events and genome segments of artiodactyl origin. | although p[6] group a rotaviruses (rva) cause diarrhoea in humans, they have been also associated with endemics of predominantly asymptomatic neonatal infections. interestingly, strains representing the endemic and asymptomatic p[6] rvas were found to possess one of the four common human vp7 serotypes (g1-g4), and exhibited little antigenic/genetic differences with the vp4 proteins/vp4 encoding genome segments of p[6] rvas recovered from diarrhoeic children, raising interest on their complete ge ... | 2013 | 23347969 |
| whole genomic analysis of human g1p[8] rotavirus strains from different age groups in china. | g1p[8] rotaviruses are an important cause of diarrhea in humans in china. to date, there are no reports on the whole genomic analysis of the chinese g1p[8] rotaviruses. to determine the origin and overall genetic makeup of the recent chinese g1p[8] strains, the whole genomes of three strains, rva/human-wt/chn/e1911/2009/g1p[8], rva/human-tc/chn/r588/2005/g1p[8] and rva/human-tc/chn/y128/2004/g1p[8], detected in an infant, a child and an adult, respectively, were analyzed. strains e1911, r588 and ... | 2012 | 23012626 |
| comparative analysis of the rotarix™ vaccine strain and g1p[8] rotaviruses detected before and after vaccine introduction in belgium. | g1p[8] rotaviruses are responsible for the majority of human rotavirus infections worldwide. the effect of universal mass vaccination with rotavirus vaccines on circulating g1p[8] rotaviruses is still poorly understood. therefore we analyzed the complete genomes of the rotarix™ vaccine strain, and 70 g1p[8] rotaviruses, detected between 1999 and 2010 in belgium (36 before and 34 after vaccine introduction) to investigate the impact of rotavirus vaccine introduction on circulating g1p[8] strains. ... | 2017 | 28070453 |
| complete genome analysis of contemporary g12p[8] rotaviruses reveals heterogeneity within wa-like genomic constellation. | g12 rotaviruses are globally emergent rotaviruses causing severe childhood gastroenteritis. little is known about the evolution and diversity of g12p[8] rotaviruses and the possible role that widespread vaccine use, globally, has had on their emergence. in sicily, italy, surveillance activity for rotaviruses has been conducted uninterruptedly since 1985, thus representing a unique observatory for the study of human rotaviruses in the pre- and post-vaccine era. g12 rotaviruses were first detected ... | 2016 | 27353490 |
| evidence of multiple reassortment events of feline-to-human rotaviruses based on a rare human g3p[9] rotavirus isolated from a patient with acute gastroenteritis. | a rare human/feline-like rotavirus g3p[9] strain, cau14-1-262, from a 2-year-old girl with severe gastroenteritis was isolated and sequenced. the 11 gene segments of the cau14-1-262 strain possessed a novel genotype constellation, g3-p[9]-i3-r3-c3-m3-a3-n3-t1-e3-h6, which was identified for the first time. phylogenetic analysis of this strain identified the following genome origins: vp7, vp4, vp6, vp1-vp3, nsp1, nsp2, and nsp4 genes possessed an au-1-like genotype 3 constellation with high seque ... | 2016 | 27260811 |
| detection of uncommon g3p[3] rotavirus a (rva) strain in rat possessing a human rva-like vp6 and a novel nsp2 genotype. | rotavirus is one of the leading causes of acute gastroenteritis in infants and young children. rvas infect not only humans but also a wide range of mammals including rats, which represent a reservoir of several other zoonotic pathogens. due to the segmented nature of the rva genome, animal rva strains can easily adapt to the human host by reassortment with co-infecting human viruses. this study aims to detect and characterize rva in the intestinal content of italian sinantropic rats (rattus ratt ... | 2017 | 28603021 |
| molecular characterization of rotavirus strains detected during a clinical trial of a human rotavirus vaccine in blantyre, malawi. | the human, g1p[8] rotavirus vaccine (rotarix™) significantly reduced severe rotavirus gastroenteritis episodes in a clinical trial in south africa and malawi, but vaccine efficacy was lower in malawi (49.5%) than reported in south africa (76.9%) and elsewhere. the aim of this study was to examine the molecular relationships of circulating wild-type rotaviruses detected during the clinical trial in malawi to rix4414 (the strain contained in rotarix™) and to common human rotavirus strains. of 88 r ... | 2012 | 22520123 |
| increased frequency of rotavirus g3p[8] and g12p[8] in argentina during 2008-2009: whole-genome characterization of emerging g12p[8] strains. | group a rotaviruses are the leading cause of non-bacterial severe diarrhea disease in infants and young children. in humans, the most common genotypes are g1-g4 and g9. recently, g12 strains have been sporadically reported in several countries, including argentina, brazil and paraguay. | 2012 | 22410133 |