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characteristics of antisweet substances, sweet proteins, and sweetness-inducing proteins.recent studies on structures and functions of sweetness-inhibiting substances (gymnemic acid, ziziphin, and gurmarin); sweet proteins (monellin, thaumatin and mabinlin); and taste-modifying proteins (miraculin and curculin) were reviewed. several gymnemic acid homologues and gurmarin were purified from the leaves of gymnema sylvestre and their structures were determined. ziziphin was also purified from leaves of ziziphus jujuba. gymnemic acid and ziziphin are glycoside of triterpenes that suppre ...19921418601
[antioxidative activity studies on the meaning of same original of herbal drug and food].the antioxidative activity of aqueous extracts of 6 kinds of common food, ziziphus jujuba, crataegus pinnatifida, fresh allium sativum, fresh zingiper efficinale, citrus tangerina and green tea, which are also used as traditional herbal drugs, was studied. the result indicated that all these extracts can scavenge (o2) free radical, inhibit lipid peroxidation of mice liver homogenate (in vivo and in vitro), decrease hyaluronic acid depolymerization induced by (o2), and inhibit the adenosine deami ...19912065395
[a preliminary study on the pharmacology of the compound prescription huangqin tang and its component drugs].results obtained from the pharmacological experiments demonstrated that the compound prescription huangqin tang and its component drugs, roots of paeonia lactiflora, scutellaria baicalensis and glycyrrhiza uralensis, and the fruit of ziziphus jujuba showed marked anti-inflammatory effect. the compound prescription and its component drugs, except the peony root, possessed significant antispastic effect. antipyretic effect of radix scutellariae, radix glycyrrhizae and huangqin tang was suggested. ...19902390172
anxiolytic effect of seed of ziziphus jujuba in mouse models of anxiety.the aim of the present study was to investigate the ethanolic extract of semen ziziphi jujuba (szje) induced anxiolytic effect. the szje was orally administered to male icr mice, at 0.5, 1.0 and 2. 0 g/kg, 30 min before the behavioral evaluation in the black and white test (bwt) and elevated plus maze (epm). the szje at the dosage 0.5-2.0 g/kg increased the first time entry, total changes and times spent in the white chamber of the bwt. the szje at the dosage 0.5-1.0 g/kg increased the percentag ...200010996283
inhibitory effect of jujuboside a on penicillin sodium induced hyperactivity in rat hippocampal ca1 area in vitro.to study the effect of jujuboside a (jua), one constituent of chinese herbal medicine ziziphus jujuba mill var spinosa (bunge) hu,on the penicillin sodium induced hyperactivity in rat ca1 neurons in vitro.200111749788
the inhibitory effects of jujuboside a on rat hippocampus in vivo and in vitro.jujuboside a (jua) is a glycoside extracted from the seed of ziziphus jujuba mill var. spinosa (bunge) hu ex h f chou, a chinese herbal medicine, which has long been known as a sedative-hypnotic drug. the present study used the method of intracerebroventricular (i.c.v.) jua in vivo to detect the effect of jua on paired-pulse responses of dentate gyrus granule cells in urethane-anaesthetized rats, and the method of hippocampal slice bathing in jua in vitro to detect the effects of jua on the resp ...200212357390
the great wall of china: a physical barrier to gene flow?one population from each of six plant species along both sides of the juyong-guan great wall, together with one population from each of five species along both sides of a path on a mountain top near juyong-guan, were selected to study the effect of the great wall as a barrier on genetic differentiation between two subpopulations using rapd markers. significant genetic differentiation was found between the subpopulations on both sides of the great wall. a wind-pollinated woody species, ulmus pumi ...200312634804
inhibitory effect of jujuboside a on glutamate-mediated excitatory signal pathway in hippocampus.jujuboside a (jua) is a main component of jujubogenin extracted from the seed of ziziphus jujuba mill var spinosa (bunge) hu ex h f chou (ziziphus), which is widely used in chinese traditional medicine for the treatment of insomnia and anxiety. previously, we reported the inhibitory effects of jua on hippocampal formation in vivo and in vitro, the present study was carried out to examine the effects of jua on glutamate (glu)-mediated excitatory signal pathway in hippocampus. microdialysis couple ...200314531016
phenological observations on shrubs to predict weed emergence in turf.phenology is the study of periodic biological events. if we can find easily recognizable events in common plants that precede or coincide with weed emergences, these plants could be used as indicators. weed seedlings are usually difficult to detect in turf, so the use of phenological indicators may provide an alternative approach to predict the time when a weed appears and consequently guide management decisions. a study was undertaken to determine whether the phenological phases of some plants ...200515846520
ckbm stimulates mapks but inhibits lps-induced ifn-gamma in lymphocytes.ckbm is an herbal formula composed of five chinese medicinal herbs (panax ginseng, schisandra chinensis, fructus crataegi, ziziphus jujuba and glycine max) supplemented with processed saccharomyces cerevisiae. it has been demonstrated that ckbm is capable of triggering the release of il-6 and tnfalpha from human peripheral blood mononuclear cells. in this report, t-lymphocytic sup-t1 cells and b-lymphocytic ramos cells were utilized as cellular models to investigate how ckbm regulates intracellu ...200616775808
comparison of the sedative and hypnotic effects of flavonoids, saponins, and polysaccharides extracted from semen ziziphus jujube.semen ziziphus jujube (szj), the seeds of ziziphus jujuba mill. var. spinosa, is a kind of traditional chinese medicine used for its action on insomnia. in order to analyze the effective component, we investigated and compared the sedative and hypnotic effects of three kinds of compounds, flavonoids, saponins, and polysaccharides. flavonoids, saponins, and polysaccharides were extracted from szj and orally administered to mice separately at 17 g kg(-1) per day for certain days before animal test ...200717479419
antioxidant and antimicrobial capacity of chinese medicinal herb extracts in raw sheep meat.antioxidant and antimicrobial properties of 10 chinese medicinal herb extracts were evaluated by dipping raw sheep meat in extracts, packaging the samples in polyethylene, and refrigerating them at 4 degrees c. the optimum concentrations of codonopsis pilosula, platycodon grandiflorum, artemisia capillaris, cinnamomum cassia, rheum palmatum, ziziphus jujuba, gardenia jasminoides, santalum album, angelica sinensis, and bletilla striata were 0.10, 0.10, 0.25, 0.10, 0.25, 0.25, 0.25, 0.10, 0.25, an ...200717612075
effect of cold stratification treatments on germination of drought tolerant shrubs seeds.this study was carried out to determine effects of different durations (20, 40, 60 days and control) of cold stratification treatments on seed germination and to overcome dormancy in seeds of twelve different drought tolerant plants. the species used in this study were arbutus andrachne l., cistus creticus l., colutea armena bois. huet., cotinus coggygria scop., cotoneaster numullaria fisch. and mey, elaeagnus angustifolia l., jasminum fruticans l., paliurus spina-christii mill., punica granatum ...200717929764
characterization and expression of beta-1,3-glucanase genes in jujube fruit induced by the microbial biocontrol agent cryptococcus laurentii.abstract two beta-1,3-glucanase genes were cloned from jujube (ziziphus jujuba mill) fruit and designated glu-1 and glu-2 (genbank accession numbers dq012940 and dq093571), respectively. the expression of glu-1 and glu-2 in jujube fruit in response to wounding and microbial biocontrol agent was evaluated by semi-quantitative reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction analysis. wounding and treatment with cryptococcus laurentii stimulated an increase in beta-1,3-glucanase (ec 3.2.1.39) activ ...200718943644
high-performance liquid chromatography--two wavelength detection of triterpenoid acids from the fruits of ziziphus jujuba containing various cultivars in different regions and classification using chemometric analysis.a simple and sensitive hplc-dad method has been developed for the first time to simultaneously determine 10 triterpenoid acids (ceanothic acid, alphitolic acid, zizyberanal acid, zizyberanalic acid, epiceanothic acid, ceanothenic acid, betulinic acid, oleanolic acid, ursonic acid and zizyberenalic acid) in the dried fruit of ziziphus jujuba (called dazao) which has been widely used as one of the traditional chinese medicines (tcms). this hplc assay was performed on a reversed-phase c(18) column ...200919359121
ethnobotanical survey of antidiarrhoeal plants of parinche valley, pune district, maharashtra, india.maharashtra is the third largest state in india with a large tribal population. documentation of traditional knowledge through ethnobotanical studies is important for conservation and utilization of indigenous knowledge. diarrhoeal diseases are the second largest cause of morbidity in rural india. medicinal plants given by the traditional healers of parinche in pune district, maharashtra are known to be efficacious for many common ailments, including diarrhoeal diseases.200919429366
systematic evaluation of antioxidant capacities of the ethanolic extract of different tissues of jujube (ziziphus jujuba mill.) from china.jujube (ziziphus jujuba mill.) has long been used for human consumption and medicinal purposes in china. it is recommended for some diseases in which radical species are produced as a result of oxidative stress. however, the systematic study on the antioxidant capacities of various tissues of jujube is still lacking. in order to address this, various tissues of three jujube varieties were characterized with respect to their antioxidant capacities and antioxidant compounds such as flavonoid, asco ...201020230870
hypnotic effect of jujubosides from semen ziziphi spinosae.ethnopharmacological significance: semen ziziphi spinosae, the seed of ziziphus jujuba mill. var. spinosa (bunge) hu ex h.f. chow has been widely used in treating insomnia and anxiety.201020347951
possible attenuation of nitric oxide expression in anti-inflammatory effect of ziziphus jujuba in rat.the hydroalcoholic extract of fruits of ziziphus jujuba (zj) was investigated for its anti-inflammatory effect using acute and chronic models of inflammation in rat. wistar albino rats of either sex were employed in the present study (n = 6). acute inflammation was induced by subplantar administration of carrageenan (1%) in rat hind paw. chronic inflammation was induced by interscapular implantation of a sterile cotton pellet (50 mg). zj extract as test drug and indomethacin (10 mg/kg) as standa ...201121479860
Bioactive components in the fruits of Ziziphus jujuba Mill. against the inflammatory irritant action of Euphorbia plants.Chinese jujube (also known as Chinese date) is the fruit of Ziziphus jujuba Mill. (Rhamnaceae). As a famous folk medicine, it is used as antidote in traditional Chinese formula, Shi Zao Decoction, to relieve the drastic inflammatory irritant nature of Euphorbia species. The irritant activities may cause serious adverse effects in clinical practices. This study aimed to investigate the active components of Z. jujuba through the inhibitory effects on the inflammatory cells activated by Euphorbia k ...201121982434
old formula, new rx: the journey of phy906 as cancer adjuvant therapy.phy906, is a decoction of a mixture of the four herbs scutellaria baicalensis geori, glycyrrhiza uralensis fisch, paeonia lactiflora pall, and ziziphus jujuba mill. a combination of these four herbs has been in continuous use in traditional chinese medicine for over 1800 years for treating a variety of gastrointestinal distress such as diarrhea, cramps, nausea, vomiting etc.201222326673
pollen analysis of natural honeys from the central region of shanxi, north china.based on qualitative and quantitative melissopalynological analyses, 19 chinese honeys were classified by botanical origin to determine their floral sources. the honey samples were collected during 2010-2011 from the central region of shanxi province, north china. a diverse spectrum of 61 pollen types from 37 families was identified. fourteen samples were classified as unifloral, whereas the remaining samples were multifloral. bee-favoured families (occurring in more than 50% of the samples) inc ...201223185358
[species differentiation and quality assessment of ziziphus jujuba var. spinosa based on the hplc fingerprint and quantitative analysis].to establish an hplc method of a characteristical chemical fingerprint analysis in combination with simultaneous determination of four bioactive components for species differentiation and quality assessment of ziziphus jujuba var. spinosa.201223627084
host plant selection by larvae of the muga silk moth, antheraea assamensis, and the role of the antenna and maxillary palp.the importance of olfactory senses in food preference in fifth instar larvae of antheraea assamensis helfer (lepidoptera: saturniidae) was examined by subjecting larvae with only antennae or maxillary palpi after microsurgery to food and odor choice tests. mean percent consumption, total consumption, and choice indices were used as parameters for drawing conclusions. the foods used were two hosts, two non-hosts, and a neutral medium (water). both antennae and maxillary palpi were fully competent ...201323909481
crude extract from ziziphus jujuba fruits, a weapon against pediatric infectious disease.pediatric infectious disease is one of the main problems in cancerous children that treat by chemotherapy drugs. thus, study in this regard is necessary. the aim of this study was to evaluate antimicrobial properties of ethanolic extract of ziziphus jujuba fruits against different infectious pathogens.201324575267
phytochemical and biological activities of four wild medicinal plants.the fruits of four wild plants, namely, capparis decidua, ficus carica, syzygium cumini, and ziziphus jujuba, are separately used as traditional dietary and remedial agents in remote areas of khyber pakhtunkhwa, pakistan. the results of our study on these four plants revealed that the examined fruits were a valuable source of nutraceuticals and exhibited good level of antimicrobial activity. the fruits of these four investigated plants are promising source of polyphenols, flavonoids, alkaloids, ...201425374941
biogenic synthesis of multi-applicative silver nanoparticles by using ziziphus jujuba leaf extract.herein, we are reporting for the first time one step biogenic synthesis of silver nanoparticles (agnps) at room temperature by using ziziphus jujuba leaf extract as a reducing and stabilizing agent. the process of nanoparticles preparation is green, rapid, environmentally benign and cost effective. the synthesized agnps were characterized by means of uv-vis., xrd, ft-ir, tem, dls and zeta potential. the absorption band centered at λmax 434 nm in uv-vis. reflects surface plasmon resonance (spr) o ...201525459621
indigenous knowledge of folk medicines among tribal minorities in khyber pakhtunkhwa, northwestern pakistan.mapping ethnomedicinal plants and associated indigenous knowledge of folk medicines can provide a comprehensive overview of individual herbs employed in health care. reliance on medicinal plants in remote parts of northern pakistan is high, especially among women, but no research has investigated specifically which plants are used. this study investigated indigenous knowledge of folk medicines among tribal minorities in selected sites in upper swat, buner and chitral districts in khyber pakhtunk ...201525792019
the traditional herbal medicine, ge-gen-tang, inhibits pacemaker potentials by nitric oxide/cgmp dependent atp-sensitive k(+) channels in cultured interstitial cells of cajal from mouse small intestine.ge-gen-tang (ggt) is a traditional chinese medicinal formula composed of puerariae radix (pueraria lobata ohwi), ephedrae herba (ephedra sinica stapf), cinnamomi ramulus (cinnamomum cassia blume), paeoniae radix (paeonia lactiflora pallas), glycyrrhizae radix preparata (glycyrrhiza uralensis fischer), zingiberis rhizoma (zingiber officinale roscoe), and zizyphi fructus (ziziphus jujuba mill. var. inermis rehder) and is widely used to ameoliorate the symptoms of gastrointestinal (gi) disorders re ...201526003723
effect of petroleum on decomposition of shrub-grass litters in soil in northern shaanxi of china.the impacts of petroleum contamination on the litter decomposition of shrub-grass land would directly influence nutrient cycling, and the stability and function of ecosystem. ten common shrub and grass species from yujiaping oil deposits were studied. litters from these species were placed into litterbags and buried in petroleum-contaminated soil with 3 levels of contamination (slight, moderate and serious pollution with petroleum concentrations of 15, 30 and 45 g/kg, respectively). a decomposit ...201526141899
jubanines f-j, cyclopeptide alkaloids from the roots of ziziphus jujuba.five ib-type cyclopeptide alkaloids, jubanines f-j (1-5), and three known compounds, nummularine b (6), daechuine-s3 (7), and mucronine k (8) were isolated from the roots of ziziphus jujuba. their structures were fully characterized by spectroscopic analyses in combination with chemical derivatization. compounds 1-3, and 6 were evaluated for their antiviral activity against the porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (pedv). compounds 2, 3, and 6 showed potent inhibitory effects on pedv replication.201526361730
hypoglycemic effects of three iranian edible plants; jujube, barberry and saffron: correlation with serum adiponectin level.one of the most common disorders of the endocrine system is diabetes mellitus. this disease is associated with dyslipidemia. adiponectin is a protein hormone that secreted by adipocytes and has an important role in regulating of glucose and fatty acid metabolic pathways. this study was designed to investigate the changes in serum level of adiponectin in diabetic rats treated with hydroalcoholic extracts of three medicinal plants; jujube (ziziphus jujuba), barberry (berberis vulgaris) and saffron ...201526639503
investigation of traditional medicinal floral knowledge of sarban hills, abbottabad, kp, pakistan.ethno medicinal traditional knowledge regarding the uses of indigenous medicinal plants for treating various human infectious diseases is totally in hold of the elder community members. the young generation is not much aware about such vital traditional medicinal practices.201626739924
gastroprotective effect of aqueous stem bark extract of ziziphus jujuba l. against hcl/ethanol-induced gastric mucosal injury in rats.to evaluated the gastroprotective effects of standardized aqueous extract of ziziphus jujuba (z. jujuba) stem bark against acidified ethanol-induced gastric ulcers as well as anti helicobacter pylori activity of the plant extract in rats.201526742312
hypnotic effect of coriandrum sativum, ziziphus jujuba, lavandula angustifolia and melissa officinalis extracts in mice.the aim of the present study was to evaluate hypnotic effect of coriandrum sativum, ziziphus jujuba, lavandula angustifolia and melissa officinalis hydroalcoholic extracts in mice to select the most effective ones for a combination formula. three doses of the extracts (250, 500 and 1000 mg/kg of c. sativum and z. jujuba and 200, 400 and 800 mg/kg of l. angustifolia and m. officinalis) were orally administered to male swiss mice (20-25 g) and one hour later pentobarbital (50 mg/kg, i.p.) was inje ...201726779267
characterization of ssr genomic abundance and identification of ssr markers for population genetics in chinese jujube (ziziphus jujuba mill.).chinese jujube (ziziphus jujuba mill. [rhamnaceae]), native to china, is a major dried fruit crop in asia. although many simple sequence repeat (ssr) markers are available for phylogenetic analysis of jujube cultivars, few of these are validated on the level of jujube populations. in this study, we first examined the abundance of jujube ssrs with repeated unit lengths of 1-6 base pairs, and compared their distribution with those in arabidopsis thaliana. we identified 280,596 ssrs in the assemble ...201626925343
anti‑inflammatory and antioxidant activity of the traditional herbal formula gwakhyangjeonggi‑san via enhancement of heme oxygenase‑1 expression in raw264.7 macrophages.gwakhyangjeonggi‑san (ghjgs) is a mixture of herbal plants, including agastache rugosa, perilla frutescens, angelica dahurica, areca catechu, poria cocos, magnolia officinalis, atractylodes macrocephala, citrus reticulata, pinellia ternata, platycodon grandiflorum, glycyrrhiza uralensis, ziziphus jujuba and zingiber officinale. ghjgs has been used for treating diarrhea‑predominant irritable bowel syndrome in traditional korean medicine. in the present study, the anti‑inflammatory and antioxidant ...201627052497
type 1 metallothionein (zjmt) is responsible for heavy metal tolerance in ziziphus jujuba.metallothioneins (mts) are a family of low molecular weight, cysteine-rich, metal-binding proteins that are able to make cells to uptake heavy metals from the environment. molecular and functional characterization of this gene family improves understanding of the mechanisms underlying heavy metal tolerance in higher organisms. in this study, a cdna clone, encoding 74-a.a. metallothionein type 1 protein (zjmt), was isolated from the cdna library of ziziphus jujuba. at the n- and c-terminals of th ...201627301284
a new species in the genus crisicoccus ferris (hemiptera: coccomorpha: pseudococcidae), with a key to chinese species.a new mealybug, crisicoccus ziziphus sp. nov. (hemiptera: coccomorpha: pseudococcidae), collected on the leaves and twigs of ziziphus jujuba (rhamnaceae), is described from china. all the female developmental stages (adult, third-instar, second-instar and first-instar nymphs) are described and illustrated. keys are provided to separate the female instars and to identify adult females of crisicoccus species from china.201627395186
aflatoxin biosynthesis control produced by aspergillus flavus in layer hens feed during storage period of six months.aflatoxins (afts) are a group of closely related toxins that are produced by different fungus species. food and feed contamination with aft is a worldwide health-related problem. as a result of fungal attack, the food and feed resulted in a principal socioeconomic loss and toxins produced in feed and food items harm the humans and animals in different ways. the anti-aflatoxigenic effect psidium guajava, ficus benghalensis, gardenia radicans, punica granatum and ziziphus jujuba leaves were evalua ...201728351513
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