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establishing a canine superficial pyoderma model.pyoderma, predominantly associated with staphylococcus pseudintermedius, is a common skin infection of dogs that typically requires long-lasting treatments, complicated by increasing antimicrobial resistance. to investigate new treatment strategies, we aimed at establishing a dog model of pyoderma that closely mimics the natural disease.201727891724
selection of antibiotics for meticillin-resistant staphylococcus pseudintermedius: time to revisit some old drugs?the aim of this review is to consider systemic therapy options for meticillin-resistant staphylococcus pseudintermedius (mrsp). infections caused by mrsp in small animals--particularly dogs--have been frustrating veterinarians in recent years. after a susceptibility test is performed, veterinarians are left to select from drugs that have not been frequently encountered on a susceptibility report. some of these are old drugs that have not been used regularly by veterinary dermatologists. as mrsp ...201222313056
comparative activity of pradofloxacin and marbofloxacin against coagulase-positive staphylococci in a pharmacokinetic-pharmacodynamic model based on canine pharmacokinetics.pradofloxacin (pra), a novel veterinary 8-cyano-fluoroquinolone (fq), is active against staphylococcus pseudintermedius, the primary cause of canine pyoderma. an in vitro pharmacokinetic-pharmacodynamic model was used to compare the activities of pra and marbofloxacin (mar) against three clinical isolates of s. pseudintermedius and reference strain staphylococcus aureus atcc 6538. experiments were performed involving populations of 10(10) cfu corresponding to an inoculum density of approximately ...201222276681
comparative genomic analysis of the genus staphylococcus including staphylococcus aureus and its newly described sister species staphylococcus simiae.staphylococcus belongs to the gram-positive low g + c content group of the firmicutes division of bacteria. staphylococcus aureus is an important human and veterinary pathogen that causes a broad spectrum of diseases, and has developed important multidrug resistant forms such as methicillin-resistant s. aureus (mrsa). staphylococcus simiae was isolated from south american squirrel monkeys in 2000, and is a coagulase-negative bacterium, closely related, and possibly the sister group, to s. aureus ...201222272658
exploring staphylococcus pseudintermedius: an emerging zoonotic pathogen? 201627750440
acquisition of the fexa and cfr genes in staphylococcus pseudintermedius during florfenicol treatment of canine pyoderma. 201627750159
40 years of veterinary papers in jac - what have we learnt?this review, for the occasion of the 40th anniversary of the journal of antimicrobial chemotherapy (jac), gives an overview of the manuscripts related to veterinary bacteriology published in the journal in the past 40 years with a focus on 'one health' aspects. from 1975 to 2000 the number of manuscripts related to veterinary medicine was limited, but thereafter, the number steadily increased. most manuscripts published were related to food-producing animals, but companion animals and minor spec ...201627660260
pyogenic ventriculitis and ventricular empyema associated with staphylococcus pseudintermedius in a puppy.a 40-day-old male, blue heeler puppy with hindlimb ataxia, nystagmus, apathy, motor incoordination and hyperaesthesia of the forelimbs died 3 days after the onset of clinical signs. significant gross findings included cerebellar herniation, cerebral oedema and dilation of the third and right lateral cerebral ventricles due to the accumulation of a purulent exudate. histopathological examination revealed pyogenic ventriculitis and purulent meningoencephalitis. pure colonies of a coagulase-positiv ...201728041618
high diversity of staphylococcus aureus and staphylococcus pseudintermedius lineages and toxigenic traits in healthy pet-owning household members. underestimating normal household contact?forty-three unrelated pet-owning households were screened in spain to study the staphylococcus aureus and staphylococcus pseudintermedius nasal carriage, their genetic lineages and virulence traits. sixty-seven healthy owners and 66 healthy pets were investigated. isolates characterization was performed and potential interspecies transmission was assessed. s. aureus was present in 51.2% of households studied while s. pseudintermedius in 30.2%. twenty-eight owners (41.8%) carried s. aureus: one m ...201323153600
the skin microbiome in allergen-induced canine atopic dermatitis.studies focusing on next-generation sequencing of the bacterial 16s rrna gene have allowed detailed surveys of skin bacterial populations (microbiota) of the skin.201627485242
case-control study of staphylococcus lugdunensis infection isolates from small companion animals.coagulase-negative staphylococcus lugdunensis has recently been shown to cause invasive infections of people, which are similar in pathogenic effect to those caused by staphylococcus aureus. little is known about the pathogenicity of s. lugdunensis in companion animals.201222862546
characterisation of nasal staphylococcus delphini and staphylococcus pseudintermedius isolates from healthy donkeys in tunisia.staphylococcus intermedius group (sig) bacteria can colonise the nares of some animals but are also emerging pathogens in humans and animals.201524913693
species differentiation within the staphylococcus intermedius group using a refined maldi-tof ms database.among coagulase-positive staphylococci of animal origin, the members of the staphylococcus intermedius-group (sig: s. intermedius, staphylococcus pseudintermedius and staphylococcus delphini) are important opportunistic pathogens in different animal hosts and occasionally in humans. however, the unambiguous species diagnosis of sig is often challenging. therefore, matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization-time of flight mass spectrometry (maldi-tof ms) -based sig-identification with bruker mic ...201424807701
interaction of chlorhexidine with trisedta or miconazole in vitro against canine meticillin-resistant and -susceptible staphylococcus pseudintermedius isolates from two uk regions.topical therapy is an important alternative to systemic antibacterial therapy for treatment of canine superficial pyoderma in light of the emergence of multidrug-resistant staphylococci. chlorhexidine is widely used in shampoo products alone or in combination with miconazole or tromethamine-ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (trisedta). comparisons of these combinations have not been made.201627406860
residual antibacterial activity of canine hair treated with topical antimicrobial sprays against staphylococcus pseudintermedius in vitro.topical antimicrobial therapy is increasingly important in the treatment of canine pyoderma as the incidence of multidrug resistance has risen. however, little information is reported on the persistence of activity of topical antimicrobial products.201627374468
high genotypic diversity among methicillin-resistant staphylococcus pseudintermedius isolated from canine infections in denmark.methicillin-resistant staphylococcus pseudintermedius (mrsp) has emerged globally in companion animals in the last decade. in europe, the multidrug-resistant sequence type (st)71 is widespread, but recently other clones have appeared. the objective of this study was to examine genotypic diversity and antimicrobial resistance of clinical mrsp isolates obtained from dogs, including dogs sampled on multiple occasions, in denmark over a six-year period. for that purpose a total of 46 clinical mrsp i ...201627357502
antimicrobial synergy between carprofen and doxycycline against methicillin-resistant staphylococcus pseudintermedius st71.new therapeutic strategies are needed to face the rapid spread of multidrug-resistant staphylococci in veterinary medicine. the objective of this study was to identify synergies between antimicrobial and non-antimicrobial drugs commonly used in companion animals as a possible strategy to restore antimicrobial susceptibility in methicillin-resistant staphylococcus pseudintermedius (mrsp).201627342694
colonization with methicillin-resistant staphylococcus pseudintermedius in multi-dog households: a longitudinal study using whole genome sequencing.despite a worldwide increase in the presence of methicillin-resistant staphylococcus pseudintermedius (mrsp) in dogs and its potential to cause serious canine health problem, the understanding of the transmission and long-term carriage of mrsp is limited. the objective of this study was to investigate the transmission of mrsp to contact dogs living in multiple dog households where one or more of the dogs had been diagnosed with a clinically apparent infection with mrsp. mrsp carriage was investi ...201627259821
human infections due to staphylococcus pseudintermedius, an emerging zoonosis of canine origin: report of 24 cases.staphylococcus pseudintermedius has been recently identified as a novel species within the genus staphylococcus, and is commonly associated with infections in dogs. currently, there are few reports of human infections due to this bacterium.201627241371
characterization of canine and feline methicillin-resistant staphylococcus pseudintermedius (mrsp) from thailand.methicillin-resistant staphylococcus pseudintermedius (mrsp) in small animal practice are very difficult to treat due to multi-resistance. in contrast to other countries, little is known about mrsp from thailand. in particular, information on feline mrsp isolates in general is rare. in total, 39 mrsp isolates from dogs (n=28) and cats (n=11) from thailand collected from independent clinical cases were used. oxacillin resistance and presence of the meca gene was confirmed. susceptibility to addit ...201627160358
evaluation of a silver-impregnated coating to inhibit colonization of orthopaedic implants by biofilm forming methicillin-resistant staphylococcus pseudintermedius.to evaluate the in vitro antibacterial activity of a silver-impregnated coating against a biofilm-forming strain of methicillin-resistant staphylococcus pseudintermedius (mrsp).201627102292
characterization of staphylococcus pseudintermedius isolated from diseased dogs in lithuania.the aim of this study was to characterize staphylococcus pseudintermedius for its antimicrobial resistance and virulence factors with a special focus on methicillin-resistant (mrsp) strains isolated from sick dogs in lithuania. clinically sick adult dogs suffering from infections (n=214) and bitches with reproductive disorders (n=36) from kennels were selected for the study. samples (n=192) from the 250 tested (76.8%) dogs were positive for staphylococcus spp. molecular profiling using the speci ...201627096782
biofilm-associated gene expression in staphylococcus pseudintermedius on a variety of implant materials.to evaluate the expression of biofilm-associated genes in staphylococcus pseudintermedius on multiple clinically relevant surfaces.201627079435
adherence of methicillin-resistant staphylococcus pseudintermedius to suture materials commonly used in small animal surgery.to evaluate adherence of methicillin-resistant staphylococcus pseudintermedius (mrsp) to 5 suture materials commonly used in small animal surgery.201627027714
efficacy of medical grade honey in the management of canine otitis externa - a pilot study.the high prevalence of antimicrobial resistance within otic pathogens has created a need for alternative therapies of otitis externa (oe). evidence suggests that medical grade honey (mgh) may be effective against drug-resistant pathogens.201626929137
crystal structure of fhud at 1.6 å resolution: a ferrichrome-binding protein from the animal and human pathogen staphylococcus pseudintermedius.staphylococcus pseudintermedius is a leading cause of disease in dogs, and zoonosis causes human infections. methicillin-resistant s. pseudintermedius strains are emerging, resembling the global health threat of s. aureus. therefore, it is increasingly important to characterize potential targets for intervention against s. pseudintermedius. here, fhud, an s. pseudintermedius surface lipoprotein implicated in iron uptake, was characterized. it was found that fhud bound ferrichrome in an iron-depe ...201626919525
prior antibacterial drug exposure in dogs with meticillin-resistant staphylococcus pseudintermedius (mrsp) pyoderma.the emergence of meticillin-resistant staphylococcus pseudintermedius (mrsp) has become a significant animal health problem. recent studies have indicated that previous antibacterial drug exposure is a factor in acquisition of meticillin-resistant strains of staphylococci.201626909526
canine staphylococcus pseudintermedius sinonasal infection in human hosts.staphylococcus pseudintermedius is a gram-positive bacterium commonly found as part of the normal skin and nasal flora of healthy dogs. it may act as an opportunistic pathogen in dogs, but has also been shown to colonize the nasal mucosa of humans. we report 4 cases of chronic rhinosinusitis (crs) refractory to aggressive medical management with cultures that grew s. pseudintermedius, with clinical improvement only after initiating culture-directed therapy.201626880481
first report of a meca-positive multidrug-resistant staphylococcus pseudintermedius isolated from a dog in new zealand.a 14-year-old neutered male sealyham terrier was referred for assessment of a persistent pyoderma. it had experienced numerous episodes of dermatitis involving pododermatitis, pyoderma and otitis over the previous 6 years.201626850500
antimicrobial susceptibility of staphylococcus pseudintermedius colonizing healthy dogs in saskatoon, canada.this study reports antimicrobial susceptibility of staphylococcus pseudintermedius carried by healthy dogs in saskatoon, and describes changes in antimicrobial resistance since a 2008 study. one hundred healthy dogs presenting to the wellness service at the western college of veterinary medicine were screened for s. pseudintermedius by culturing rectal and pharyngeal swabs. staphylococcus pseudintermedius was identified biochemically and antimicrobial minimum inhibitory concentrations were deter ...201626740701
identification of vaccine candidate antigens of staphylococcus pseudintermedius by whole proteome characterization and serological proteomic analyses.the recent emergence of methicillin-resistant staphylococcus pseudintermedius (mrsp) has complicated considerably the treatment of infections caused by these bacteria. therefore new treatment strategies are urgently needed, namely through the development of vaccines towards the control of bacterial infections. our study describes an extensive characterization of the proteome of s. pseudintermedius through a 2-de maldi-tof/tof approach, followed by serological proteome analysis (serpa) to identif ...201626721443
characterization of a novel composite staphylococcal cassette chromosome mec in methicillin-resistant staphylococcus pseudintermedius from thailand.a novel staphylococcal cassette chromosome mec (sccmec) composite island (sccmecai16-sccczrai16-ci) was identified in staphylococcus pseudintermedius. four integration site sequences for scc subdivided the 60,734-bp island into 41,232-bp sccmecai16, 19,400-bp sccczrai16, and 102-bp scc-likeai16 elements. sccmecai16 represents a new combination of ccra1b3 genes with a class a mec complex. sccczrai16 contains ccra1b6 and genes related to restriction modification and heavy metal resistance. sccmeca ...201626643350
comparative rna-seq-based transcriptome analysis of the virulence characteristics of methicillin-resistant and -susceptible staphylococcus pseudintermedius strains isolated from small animals.staphylococcus pseudintermedius is often associated with pyoderma, which can turn into a life-threatening disease. the dissemination of highly resistant isolates has occurred in the last 10 years and has challenged antimicrobial treatment of these infections considerably. we have compared the carriage of virulence genes and biofilm formation between methicillin-resistant and methicillin-susceptible s. pseudintermedius (mrsp and mssp, respectively) isolates and their in vitro gene expression prof ...201626621622
occurrence and characterization of inducible clindamycin resistance in canine methicillin-resistant staphylococcus pseudintermedius.this study aimed to detect inducible clindamycin (icli) resistance in staphylococcus pseudintermedius isolated from dogs in thailand using d-zone testing. strains that were icli-resistant were characterized by molecular typing and antibiogram and were detected in 10/200 s. pseudintermedius isolates (5%) from 7/41 dogs (17%). all were methicillin-resistant s. pseudintermedius (mrsp) and demonstrated multidrug resistance. the icli-resistant mrsp contained erm(b) and had identical or closely relate ...201626616424
comparative genomics of the staphylococcus intermedius group of animal pathogens.the staphylococcus intermedius group consists of three closely related coagulase-positive bacterial species including s. intermedius, staphylococcus pseudintermedius, and staphylococcus delphini. s. pseudintermedius is a major skin pathogen of dogs, which occasionally causes severe zoonotic infections of humans. s. delphini has been isolated from an array of different animals including horses, mink, and pigeons, whereas s. intermedius has been isolated only from pigeons to date. here we provide ...201222919635
in vitro miconazole susceptibility of meticillin-resistant staphylococcus pseudintermedius and staphylococcus aureus.the emergence and dissemination of meticillin-resistant staphylococci has created significant treatment challenges in veterinary medicine and increased interest in topical therapy for superficial infections. concern has been expressed regarding the use of some topical antimicrobials in animals because of the potential for emergence of resistance, and additional options are required. miconazole has limited antibacterial properties that include antistaphylococcal activity.201222830415
evaluation of cefoxitin disk diffusion breakpoint for detection of methicillin resistance in staphylococcus pseudintermedius isolates from dogs.cefoxitin disk diffusion susceptibility testing is a recommended screening method for the detection of methicillin resistance in human isolates of staphylococcus aureus and coagulase-negative staphylococci. a retrospective analysis of 1,146 clinical isolates of staphylococcus pseudintermedius from dogs was conducted to determine if screening by the cefoxitin disk method can be similarly useful with s. pseudintermedius. the distribution of cefoxitin growth inhibition zone diameters within this co ...201222786971
occurrence of methicillin-resistant staphylococci in surgically treated dogs and the environment in a swedish animal hospital.to investigate whether hospitalised dogs treated surgically may become culture positive for methicillin-resistant staphylococcus pseudintermedius or methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus.201222747733
methicillin-resistant staphylococcal contamination of cellular phones of personnel in a veterinary teaching hospital.hospital-associated infections are an increasing cause of morbidity and mortality in veterinary patients. with the emergence of multi-drug resistant bacteria, these infections can be particularly difficult to eradicate. sources of hospital-associated infections can include the patients own flora, medical staff and inanimate hospital objects. cellular phones are becoming an invaluable feature of communication within hospitals, and since they are frequently handled by healthcare personnel, there m ...201222533923
antimicrobial resistance of staphylococcus pseudintermedius.staphylococcus pseudintermedius, staphylococcus intermedius and staphylococcus delphini together comprise the s. intermedius group (sig). within the sig, s. pseudintermedius represents the major pathogenic species and is involved in a wide variety of infections, mainly in dogs, but to a lesser degree also in other animal species and humans. antimicrobial agents are commonly applied to control s. pseudintermedius infections; however, during recent years s. pseudintermedius isolates have been iden ...201222681522
genetic and phenotypic characterization of methicillin-resistant staphylococci isolated from veterinary hospitals in south korea.staphylococci were isolated from veterinary staff, hospitalized animals, and medical equipment from 2 major tertiary veterinary hospitals in south korea to investigate antimicrobial resistance and genetic relatedness. the detection rate for staphylococci was 55.2% (111/201 samples), and 11 species were identified among the collected staphylococcal strains. the most prevalent species were staphylococcus pseudintermedius (52/111, 46.8%), staphylococcus epidermidis (21/111, 18.9%), and staphylococc ...201222529115
emergence of biofilm-producing staphylococcus pseudintermedius isolated from healthy dogs in south korea.staphylococcus pseudintermedius is a common bacterial pathogen in dogs with pyoderma, otitis externa, and wound infection.201526404519
a novel microfluidic wound model for testing antimicrobial agents against staphylococcus pseudintermedius biofilms.current methods for testing treatments for veterinary surgical site infections can successfully emulate elements of a chronic wound, but these are time consuming and costly, requiring specialized laboratory equipment and considerable space to house study animals. microfluidic devices however, can be coated with collagen and maintained at basal body temperature, providing a more cost-effective and space-saving model of a chronic wound. our study assesses the applicability of a new microfluidic mo ...201424411017
[antimicrobial resistance and molecular epidemiology of staphylococcus pseudintermedius strains isolated from dog clinical samples].twenty-eight strains isolated from dog clinical samples identified as staphylococcus pseudintermedius by mass spectrometry (maldi-tof) were studied to assess antimicrobial susceptibility by the diffusion method and clonal relationship by pulsed field gel electrophoresis (pfge). methicillin resistance (3/28 isolates; 10,7%) was evaluated by meca pcr. fifteen strains (53.6%) were resistant to at least one of the antibiotics tested, and eleven of them (39.3%) showed multiple resistance (3 or more a ...201526323373
evaluation of canine-specific minocycline and doxycycline susceptibility breakpoints for meticillin-resistant staphylococcus pseudintermedius isolates from dogs.using the us clinical and laboratory standards institute (clsi) human tetracycline breakpoints to predict minocycline and doxycycline susceptibility of staphylococcus pseudintermedius (sp) isolates from dogs is not appropriate because they are too high to meet pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic data using a standard dose. new breakpoints have been approved for doxycycline and proposed for minocycline. revised breakpoints are four dilutions lower than tetracycline breakpoints, providing a more conse ...201526216025
in vitro antimicrobial susceptibility of staphylococcus pseudintermedius isolates of human and animal origin.mic results for 115 staphylococcus intermedius group isolates are presented. of these, 33% were methicillin resistant, among which 51.4% were susceptible to doxycycline, 29.7% to clindamycin, and 21.6% to trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole. all of the isolates were susceptible to ceftaroline, daptomycin, linezolid, nitrofurantoin, quinupristin-dalfopristin, rifampin, tigecycline, and vancomycin. of all the isolates, 82.6%, 67.8%, and 23.5% were susceptible to ciprofloxacin, erythromycin, and penicill ...201626962087
what's in a name? the impact of accurate staphylococcus pseudintermedius identification on appropriate antimicrobial susceptibility testing.bacteria in the staphylococcus intermedius group, including staphylococcus pseudintermedius, often encode meca-mediated methicillin resistance. reliable detection of this phenotype for proper treatment and infection control decisions requires that these coagulase-positive staphylococci are accurately identified and specifically that they are not misidentified as s. aureus. as correct species level bacterial identification becomes more commonplace in clinical laboratories, one can expect to see c ...201626763965
are staphylococcus intermedius infections in humans cases of mistaken identity? a case series and literature review.staphylococcus intermedius and staphylococcus pseudintermedius are difficult to distinguish using conventional microbiological methods. molecular diagnostic tools change our understanding of the epidemiology of these 2 organisms. in this study, we present (1) a detailed review of the current literature on molecular diagnostics and (2) a case series in which misidentification was proven in 1 case. we conclude that s pseudintermedius is a more common human pathogen than previously recognized.201526509181
new insights in staphylococcus pseudintermedius pathogenicity: antibiotic-resistant biofilm formation by a human wound-associated strain.staphylococcus pseudintermedius is an opportunistic pathogen recognized as the leading cause of skin, ear, and post-operative bacterial infections in dogs and cats. zoonotic infections have also recently been reported causing endocarditis, infection of surgical wounds, rhinosinusitis, and catheter-related bacteremia. the aim of the present study is to evaluate, for the first time, the pathogenic potential of s. pseudintermedius isolated from a human infection. to this end, strain dsm 25713, whic ...201525994406
increasing antimicrobial resistance in clinical isolates of staphylococcus intermedius group bacteria and emergence of mrsp in the uk.frequencies of antimicrobial resistance were determined amongst 14,555 clinical staphylococcus intermedius group (sig) isolates from uk dogs and cats to estimate resistance trends and quantify the occurrence of meticillin-resistant staphylococcus pseudintermedius (mrsp). reports from two diagnostic laboratories (13,313 general submissions, 1242 referral centre only submissions) were analysed retrospectively (2003/2006-2012). mrsp were defined by phenotypic resistance to meticillin and concurrent ...201525376505
antibiotic resistance and molecular characterization of ophthalmic staphylococcus pseudintermedius isolates from dogs.the prevalence, virulence potential, and antibiotic resistance of ophthalmic staphylococcus pseudintermedius (sp) isolated from dogs were examined. sixty-seven staphylococcus species were isolated from ophthalmic samples and surveyed for species-specific sequences in the staphylococcus intermedius group (sig) nuclease gene (sinuc), exfoliative toxin gene for sig (siet), and antibiotic resistance genes (blaz and meca). pcr-restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis of the pta gene was also ...201424690601
design and application of a loop-mediated isothermal amplification assay for the rapid detection of staphylococcus pseudintermedius.staphylococcus pseudintermedius is a commensal and opportunistic pathogen of dogs. it is mainly implicated in canine pyoderma, as well as other suppurative conditions of dogs. although bacterial culture is routinely used for clinical diagnosis, molecular methods are required to accurately identify and differentiate s. pseudintermedius from other members of the staphylococcus intermedius group. these methods, owing largely to their cost, are not easy to implement in nonspecialized laboratories or ...201424398904
prior antimicrobial use as a risk factor for resistance in selected staphylococcus pseudintermedius isolates from the skin and ears of dogs.antimicrobial resistance within bacteria continues to present therapeutic challenges. one presumed risk factor for increased rates of resistance is prior exposure to antimicrobial drugs.201627870236
carriage rate and antibiotic susceptibility of coagulase-positive staphylococci isolated from healthy dogs in victoria, australia.studies in australia and elsewhere have shown high levels of antibiotic resistance in coagulase-positive staphylococci in dogs visiting veterinary clinics with pyoderma and related conditions. although important, such studies tend to overestimate the burden of resistance. the aim of the current study was to investigate the prevalence of coagulase-positive staphylococci in healthy dogs in central victoria to assess the level of antibiotic resistance among these isolates.201627804112
complete genome sequences of three important methicillin-resistant clinical isolates of staphylococcus pseudintermedius.we report the first complete genome sequences of three predominant clones (st68, st71, and st84) of methicillin-resistant staphylococcus pseudintermedius in north america. all strains were isolated from canine infections and have different sccmec elements and antibiotic resistance gene patterns.201627795289
treatment of a perforating thoracic bite wound in a dog with negative pressure wound therapy.case description a 4-year-old male dachshund was examined following a bite attack that had occurred 5 days previously. the dog had acutely deteriorated despite iv antimicrobial treatment and fluid therapy. clinical findings on initial examination, the patient was recumbent with signs of septic shock and a flail chest. three penetrating wounds in the left thoracic wall with malodorous discharge were evident. the animal trauma triage score was 8 out of 18. thoracic and abdominal radiography reveal ...201627654166
perioperative administration of antimicrobials during tibial plateau leveling osteotomy.to evaluate perioperative antimicrobial administration during tibial plateau leveling osteotomy (tplo) in dogs at the ontario veterinary college health sciences centre.201425196889
adverse events associated with chloramphenicol use in dogs: a retrospective study (2007-2013).chloramphenicol is a broad spectrum antibiotic that has been increasingly utilised since the emergence of methicillin-resistant staphylococcal infections. due to toxicities in humans, use of the drug has been limited. in dogs, gastrointestinal signs are common adverse events described, and bone marrow suppression is possible. the aim of this study was to evaluate the adverse events associated with chloramphenicol in dogs seen by one specialty practice from january 2007 through june 2013. the dat ...201425096589
evaluation of the impact of methicillin-resistant staphylococcus pseudintermedius biofilm formation on antimicrobial susceptibility.to compare the minimum inhibitory concentration (mic) of four antimicrobials in planktonic vs. biofilm-associated staphylococcus pseudintermedius.201627500604
resistance of canine methicillin-resistant staphylococcus pseudintermedius strains to pradofloxacin.we investigated in vitro activity of a novel veterinary fluoroquinolone, pradofloxacin, against methicillin-resistant staphylococcus pseudintermedius (mrsp) isolates and compared with other fluoroquinolones. a total of 38 mrsp isolates were subjected to agar disk diffusion tests for sensitivity to pradofloxacin, orbifloxacin, marbofloxacin, enrofloxacin, and ciprofloxacin. the minimal inhibitory concentration (mic) values of pradofloxacin, ciprofloxacin, and enrofloxacin were determined. mutatio ...201627449131
resistance to fluoroquinolones and methicillin in ophthalmic isolates of staphylococcus pseudintermedius from companion animals.resistance to fluoroquinolones and methicillin was determined for 49 ophthalmic isolates of staphylococcus pseudintermedius from dogs with and without ophthalmic disease. resistance was observed for ciprofloxacin (40.8%), ofloxacin (38.8%), enrofloxacin (38.8%), levofloxacin (34.7%), and moxifloxacin (4.1%). eighteen isolates, 16 of which were resistant to oxacillin, were meca-positive. nine of the 16 oxacillin-resistant meca-positive s. pseudintermedius isolates were resistant to more than one ...201424982521
clinical, microscopic and microbial characterization of exfoliative superficial pyoderma-associated epidermal collarettes in dogs.the microscopic and microbial features of the spreading epidermal collarettes of canine exfoliative superficial pyodermas are poorly characterized.201727426474
new categories designated as healthcare-associated and community-associated methicillin-resistant staphylococcus pseudintermedius in dogs.the incidence of mrsp has been increasing, and treatment options in veterinary medicine are limited. few previous studies of mrsp have described the relationships between the genotypes, phenotypes, and clinical backgrounds of the isolates. to gain insight into the associations between the microbiological and clinical characteristics of mrsp, we analyzed 282 staphylococcus pseudintermedius isolates from dogs. a total of 195 (69.1%) strains were identified as meca-positive mrsp and were classified ...201627417508
changes in the population of methicillin-resistant staphylococcus pseudintermedius and dissemination of antimicrobial-resistant phenotypes in the netherlands.methicillin-resistant staphylococcus pseudintermedius (mrsp), which is often multidrug resistant (mdr), has recently emerged as a threat to canine health worldwide. knowledge of the temporal distribution of specific mrsp lineages, their antimicrobial resistance phenotypes, and their association with clinical conditions may help us to understand the emergence and spread of mrsp in dogs. the aim of this study was to determine the yearly proportions of mrsp lineages and their antimicrobial-resistan ...201626582835
coagulase-positive staphylococcus: prevalence and antimicrobial resistance.staphylococcus pseudintermedius is the most prevalent coagulase-positive staphylococcus inhabitant of the skin and mucosa of dogs and cats, causing skin and soft tissue infections in these animals. in this study, coagulase-positive staphylococcus species were isolated from companion animals, veterinary professionals, and objects from a clinical veterinary environment by using two particular culture media, baird-parker rpf agar and chromagar staph aureus. different morphology features of colonies ...201526535454
cluster of infections caused by methicillin-resistant staphylococcus pseudintermedius in humans in a tertiary hospital.the dog-associated staphylococcus pseudintermedius is a rare pathogen in humans. here we describe a cluster of infections caused by the methicillin-resistant s. pseudintermedius clone st71-j-t02-ii-iii. it involved four elderly patients at a tertiary hospital. three patients had wound infections, and the strain had a tendency to cause bullous skin lesions.201424871217
minocycline pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics in dogs: dosage recommendations for treatment of meticillin-resistant staphylococcus pseudintermedius infections.although minocycline is not licensed for use in dogs, this tetracycline has therapeutic potential against meticillin-resistant staphylococcus pseudintermedius.201424840325
staphylococcus pseudintermedius infection associated with nodular skin lesions and systemic inflammatory response syndrome in a dog.a 10-year-old pekingese dog with atopic dermatitis was referred due to pyrexia, multiple skin nodules, anorexia, and depression. the dog was diagnosed as having systemic inflammatory response syndrome (sirs) induced by bacterial dermatitis. this case presents diagnosis and treatment of sirs with staphylococcal skin infection in a dog that was immunosuppressed due to long-term use of corticosteroid.201424790236
guidelines for the diagnosis and antimicrobial therapy of canine superficial bacterial folliculitis (antimicrobial guidelines working group of the international society for companion animal infectious diseases).superficial bacterial folliculitis (sbf) is usually caused by staphylococcus pseudintermedius and routinely treated with systemic antimicrobial agents. infection is a consequence of reduced immunity associated with alterations of the skin barrier and underlying diseases that may be difficult to diagnose and resolve; thus, sbf is frequently recurrent and repeated treatment is necessary. the emergence of multiresistant bacteria, particularly meticillin-resistant s. pseudintermedius (mrsp), has foc ...201424720433
genotypic relatedness and characterization of staphylococcus pseudintermedius associated with post-operative surgical infections in dogs.staphylococcus pseudintermedius is a commensal organism of dogs that can also be implicated in surgical site infections (ssis) in dogs. particularly with the recent emergence and spread of the st71-t02-sccmecii-iii multidrug-resistant s. pseudintermedius clonal lineage (mdrsp), it is important to understand the clonal diversity of s. pseudintermedius in ssis in dogs. the study reported here investigated the genotypic relatedness of 124 s. pseudintermedius isolates from the surgical wounds of 90 ...201526449388
methicillin-resistant staphylococcus pseudintermedius (mrsp) from healthy dogs in norway - occurrence, genotypes and comparison to clinical mrsp.the aim of the study was to investigate the occurrence of methicillin-resistant staphylococcus pseudintermedius (mrsp) in healthy dogs and further to determine genetic relatedness between carrier isolates and clinical mrsp from dogs in norway. a total of 189 healthy dogs visiting ten veterinary clinics were screened for mrsp during the period february to april 2013. carrier isolates were susceptibility tested with disk diffusion and genotyped using multilocus sequence typing (mlst) and pulsed-fi ...201526423808
fosfomycin susceptibility of canine methicillin-resistant staphylococcus pseudintermedius isolates.the effectiveness of fosfomycin was examined across 31 methicillin-resistant staphylococcus pseudintermedius (mrsp) strains by agar dilution. prevalence of the fosfomycin-resistance determinant gene, fosb, was assessed by pcr analysis. results found that 84% of isolates were fosfomycin-susceptible. interestingly, 87% of isolates possessed fosb, indicating no association between this putative staphylococci resistance gene and phenotypic resistance. further evaluation of fosfomycin as a potential ...201424569298
prevalence of mupirocin resistance in staphylococcus pseudintermedius.in the united states, veterinary use of mupirocin is primarily limited to the treatment of canine pyoderma caused by methicillin-resistant staphylococcus pseudintermedius (mrsp). in this study, only 1 of 581 s. pseudintermedius isolates tested was resistant to mupirocin and carried the high-level mupirocin resistance gene, iles2, on a plasmid.201424478408
association between methicillin-resistant staphylococcus pseudintermedius carriage and the development of surgical site infections following tibial plateau leveling osteotomy in dogs.to evaluate the association between preoperative carriage of methicillin-resistant staphylococcus pseudintermedius (mrsp) and the development of surgical site infections (ssis) following tibial plateau leveling osteotomy (tplo) in dogs.201526421403
negative pressure wound therapy with instillation for body wall reconstruction using an artificial mesh in a dachshund.a 4-year-old spayed female dachshund was presented in shock, displaying multiple haematomas and puncture wounds along the left abdominal wall and ventral aspect of the abdomen after being attacked by another dog. a defect of the left lateral body wall was palpated. surgery revealed a massive body wall defect and concurrent injury of the intestines. surgical debridement was performed and the injured portion of the jejunum was resected. the abdominal wall was reconstructed using a polypropylene me ...201526412118
dam-to-offspring transmission and persistence of staphylococcus pseudintermedius clones within dog families.staphylococcus pseudintermedius is an opportunistic pathogen that causes mainly skin infections in dogs. although vertical transmission of s. pseudintermedius strains from dam to offspring has been reported, the persistence of the dam's strains in offspring over long periods of time is virtually unknown.201424267321
use of linezolid to treat mrsp bacteremia and discospondylitis in a dog.a 1.5 yr old male german shepherd dog was evaluated for recurrent intermittent episodes of fever and lethargy. clinicopathologic abnormalities were suggestive of a discospondylitis at the seventh and eighth thoracic vertebrae. blood and urine cultures yielded growth of methicillin-resistant staphylococcus pseudintermedius (mrsp) that was resistant to all commonly used antibiotics. extralabel antibiotic susceptibility testing demonstrated susceptibility of both blood and urine isolates to linezol ...201524216492
adverse effects of rifampicin in dogs and serum alanine aminotransferase monitoring recommendations based on a retrospective study of 344 dogs.rifampicin has been reported to have potent activity against staphylococci, including meticillin-resistant staphylococcus pseudintermedius. there is limited documented information regarding adverse effects and recommendations for serum biochemistry monitoring.201324164464
a peptide factor secreted by staphylococcus pseudintermedius exhibits properties of both bacteriocins and virulence factors.staphylococcus pseudintermedius is a common commensal bacterium colonizing the skin and mucosal surfaces of household animals. however, it has recently emerged as a dangerous opportunistic pathogen, comparable to s. aureus for humans. the epidemiological situation is further complicated by the increasing number of methicillin-resistant s. pseudintermedius infections and evidence of gene transmission driving antibiotic resistance between staphylococci colonizing human and zoonotic hosts. in the p ...201526411997
direct repeat unit (dru) typing of methicillin-resistant staphylococcus pseudintermedius from dogs and cats.methicillin-resistant staphylococcus pseudintermedius (mrsp) has emerged in a remarkable manner as an important problem in dogs and cats. however, limited molecular epidemiological information is available. the aims of this study were to apply direct repeat unit (dru) typing in a large collection of well-characterized mrsp isolates and to use dru typing to analyze a collection of previously uncharacterized mrsp isolates. two collections of mrsp isolates from dogs and cats were included in this s ...201526378275
isolation of coagulase-positive staphylococci from bitches' colostrum and milk and genetic typing of methicillin-resistant staphylococcus pseudintermedius strains.among the coagulase-positive, potentially pathogenic staphylococci, staphylococcus pseudintermedius has been frequently isolated from bitches' milk. this organism colonizes the mammary gland or causes infection, while s. aureus has been only occasionally reported. the objective of this study was to investigate the occurrence and persistence of coagulase-positive staphylococci in the colostrum and milk of postpartum bitches, either treated or untreated with antimicrobials, and to assess the incid ...201526202520
effectiveness of a combined (4% chlorhexidine digluconate shampoo and solution) protocol in mrs and non-mrs canine superficial pyoderma: a randomized, blinded, antibiotic-controlled study.there is a lack of studies comparing topical antiseptics to systemic antibiotics in the treatment of canine superficial pyoderma.201526140535
detection of methicillin-resistant staphylococcus pseudintermedius st169 and novel st354 sccmec ii-iii isolates related to the worldwide st71 clone.the recent appearance of methicillin-resistant staphylococcus pseudintermedius (mrsp) is a concern for both veterinary and human healthcare. mrsp clonal lineages with sequence type (st) 71-spa t02-staphylococcal cassette chromosome mec (sccmec) ii-iii and st68-spa t06-sccmec v have spread throughout europe and north america, respectively. the current study compared the molecular characteristics of 43 mrsp isolates from dogs in japan with those of mrsp from previous reports using multilocus seque ...201626138564
an evaluation of matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry for the identification of staphylococcus pseudintermedius isolates from canine infections.it has been proposed, based on taxonomic and molecular studies, that all canine isolates belonging to staphylococcus intermedius group (sig) should be renamed staphylococcus pseudintermedius. however, isolates of sig and other coagulase-positive staphylococci share many phenotypic characteristics, which could lead to misidentification. the accuracy of matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (maldi-tof ms) for identifying s. pseudintermedius isolates obtained ...201525680922
improved detection of staphylococcus intermedius group in a routine diagnostic laboratory.the staphylococcus intermedius group (sig) includes zoonotic pathogens traditionally associated with dog bites. we describe a simple scheme for improved detection of sig using routine laboratory methods, report its effect on isolation rates, and use sequencing to confirm that, apart from one atypical sig strain, most isolates are staphylococcus pseudintermedius.201525502532
phenotypic and genotypic characterization of canine pyoderma isolates of staphylococcus pseudintermedius for biofilm formation.biofilm-forming ability is increasingly being recognized as an important virulence factor in several staphylococcus species. this study evaluated the biofilm-forming ability of sixty canine derived clinical isolates of s. pseudintermedius, using three phenotypic methods, microtiter plate test (mtp), congo red agar method (cra) and tube adherence test, and the presence and impact of biofilm-associated genes (icaa and icad). the results showed that icaa and icad genes were detected concomitantly i ...201525892615
genome sequence of methicillin-resistant staphylococcus pseudintermedius sequence type 233 (st233) strain k7, of human origin.we report the genome sequence of the methicillin-resistant staphylococcus pseudintermedius strain k7, isolated from the nares of a veterinarian in seoul, south korea.201323788539
lincosamide resistance is less frequent in denmark in staphylococcus pseudintermedius from first-time canine superficial pyoderma compared with skin isolates from clinical samples with unknown clinical background.antimicrobial resistance may be overestimated in bacterial isolates from clinical samples because veterinarians often submit samples in cases of treatment failure or recurrent cases, which are more frequently associated with resistant strains.201525891140
antibacterial activity of novel cationic peptides against clinical isolates of multi-drug resistant staphylococcus pseudintermedius from infected dogs.staphylococcus pseudintermedius is a major cause of skin and soft tissue infections in companion animals and has zoonotic potential. additionally, methicillin-resistant s. pseudintermedius (mrsp) has emerged with resistance to virtually all classes of antimicrobials. thus, novel treatment options with new modes of action are required. here, we investigated the antimicrobial activity of six synthetic short peptides against clinical isolates of methicillin-susceptible and mrsp isolated from infect ...201425551573
genomic insights into the rapid emergence and evolution of mdr in staphylococcus pseudintermedius.mdr methicillin-resistant staphylococcus pseudintermedius (mrsp) strains have emerged rapidly as major canine pathogens and present serious treatment issues and concerns to public health due to their, albeit low, zoonotic potential. a further understanding of the genetics of resistance arising from a broadly susceptible background of s. pseudintermedius is needed.201525527273
antimicrobial resistance, virulence genes, and genetic lineages of staphylococcus pseudintermedius in healthy dogs in tunisia.nasal swabs of 100 healthy dogs were obtained in 2011 in tunisia and tested for staphylococcus pseudintermedius recovery. antimicrobial resistance profile and virulence gene content were determined. multilocus-sequence-typing (mlst) and smai-pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (pfge) were investigated. s. pseudintermedius was recovered in 55 of the 100 tested samples (55 %), and one isolate per sample was further studied. all 55 s. pseudintermedius isolates were susceptible to methicillin (mssp) bu ...201323686400
prevalence of staphylococcal enterotoxins in staphylococcus pseudintermedius isolates from dogs with pyoderma and healthy dogs.to investigate the role of staphylococcal enterotoxins (ses) produced by staphylococcus pseudintermedius in the pathogenesis of pyoderma, isolates from dogs with pyoderma and healthy dogs were analyzed. according to reverse passive latex agglutination, 14/184 isolates (7.6%) from dogs with pyoderma and 9/87 (10.3%) from healthy dogs produced ses (sea, sec or sed). according to multiplex pcr, 99 isolates (53.7%) from dogs with pyoderma and 97 (90.8%) from healthy dogs possessed one or more se gen ...201323659343
staphylococcus pseudintermedius heterogeneously expresses the meca gene. 201323642412
pharmacokinetics and pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic integration of marbofloxacin after intravenous and intramuscular administration in beagle dogs.1.the aim of the present study was to determine the pks of marbofloxacin in beagle dogs after intravenous (i.v.) and intramuscular (i.m.) administration, the ex vivo and in vitro pk/pd indices of marbofloxacin against clinical isolates of staphylococcus pseudintermedius, and the ex vivo auc/mic ratios associated with different levels of antibacterial activity. 2.after i.v. of marbofloxacin (2 mg/kg), the mean ± sem values of auc, t1/2β, vss, and cl were 8.47 ± 3.51 h µg/ml, 8.08 ± 6.25 h, 2.32 ± ...201525470431
large outbreak caused by methicillin resistant staphylococcus pseudintermedius st71 in a finnish veterinary teaching hospital--from outbreak control to outbreak prevention.the purpose of this study was to describe a nosocomial outbreak caused by methicillin resistant staphylococcus pseudintermedius (mrsp) st71 sccmec ii-iii in dogs and cats at the veterinary teaching hospital of the university of helsinki in november 2010 - january 2012, and to determine the risk factors for acquiring mrsp. in addition, measures to control the outbreak and current policy for mrsp prevention are presented.201425333798
identification of appropriate reference genes for qpcr studies in staphylococcus pseudintermedius and preliminary assessment of icaa gene expression in biofilm-embedded bacteria.quantitative pcr is rapidly becoming the standard method for analyzing gene expression in a wide variety of biological samples however it can suffer from significant error if stably expressed reference genes are not identified on which to base the analysis. suitable reference genes for qpcr experiments on staphylococcus pseudintermedius have yet to be identified.201425023435
genome sequence of staphylococcus pseudintermedius strain e140, an st71 european-associated methicillin-resistant isolate.we report the first genome sequence of the methicillin-resistant staphylococcus pseudintermedius (mrsp) strain e140, isolated from a canine bite wound infection in denmark. this strain represents the dominant clonal lineage associated with canine mrsp infections in europe.201323516230
methicillin-resistant staphylococcus pseudintermedius infection in a bone marrow transplant recipient.staphylococcus pseudintermedius is a veterinary pathogen that has seldom been described as an agent of human disease. features of this probably underreported coagulase-positive staphylococcus species are depicted here through the description of a graft-versus-host disease-related wound infection caused by a multidrug-resistant strain.201323486715
successful treatment of encrusted cystitis associated with staphylococcus pseudintermedius infection in the urinary bladder of a dog.a 5-year-old female spayed mixed-breed dog was examined because of signs of persistent stranguria following treatment for urethral obstruction.201323445291
characterization of meticillin-resistant and meticillin-susceptible isolates of staphylococcus pseudintermedius from cases of canine pyoderma in australia.meticillin-resistant staphylococcus pseudintermedius (mrsp) has recently emerged as a worldwide cause of canine pyoderma. in this study, we characterized 22 s. pseudintermedius isolates cultured from 19 dogs with pyoderma that attended a veterinary dermatology referral clinic in australia in 2011 and 2012. twelve isolates were identified as mrsp by meca real-time pcr and phenotypic resistance to oxacillin. in addition to β-lactam resistance, mrsp isolates were resistant to erythromycin (91.6 %), ...201424994658
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