Publications
Title | Abstract | Year(sorted ascending) Filter | PMID Filter |
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primary structure of the trpc gene from aspergillus nidulans. | we have determined the structure and complete nucleotide sequence of the trifunctional trpc gene from the ascomycetous fungus aspergillus nidulans. results from rna gel blot analyses showed that this gene encodes two size classes of polyribosomal, poly (a)+rnas with approximate lengths of 2,400 and 2,600 nucleotides. s1 nuclease protection studies demonstrated that the distribution into the two size classes is due to selection of alternative sites for polyadenylation. the transcription units con ... | 1985 | 3158796 |
probing fungal mitochondrial evolution with trna. | sequence data are now available for almost the entire complement of mitochondrial rrnas from five fungi: schizosaccharomyces pombe, saccharomyces cerevisiae, toropulis glabrata, aspergillus nidulans and neurospora crassa. analysis of these data show that the five mitochondria can be related to a common ancestor. the unusually high similarity between some s. pombe mt trnas may be due to a process similar to gene conversion. using the number of differences between trna pairs as a measure of the ev ... | 1985 | 2417640 |
heterogeneity of 5s rna in fungal ribosomes. | neurospora crassa has at least seven types of 5s rna genes (alpha, beta, gamma, epsilon, delta, zeta, and eta) with different coding regions. a high resolution gel electrophoresis system was developed to separate minor 5s rna's from the major 5s rna (alpha). a study of several neurospora crassa strains, four other species in the genus neurospora, members of two closely related genera, and three distantly related genera demonstrated that 5s rna heterogeneity is common among fungi. in addition, di ... | 1985 | 2579431 |
nitrogen catabolite repression in yeasts and filamentous fungi. | 1985 | 2869649 | |
isolation and characterization of the aspergillus niger trpc gene. | the aspergillus niger trpc gene was isolated by complementation experiments with an escherichia coli trpc mutant. plasmid dna containing the a. niger trpc gene transforms an aspergillus nidulans mutant strain, defective in all three enzymatic activities of the trpc gene, to trp+, indicating the presence of a complete and functional trpc gene. southern blot analysis of dna from these trp+ transformants showed that plasmid dna was present but that this dna was not integrated at the site of the chr ... | 1985 | 2936650 |
cloning and characterization of the rdna repeat unit of podospora anserina. | dna coding for ribosomal rna in podospora anserina has been cloned and was found as a tandemly repeated 8.3 kb sequence. the cloned rdna was characterized by restriction endonuclease mapping. the location of 5.8s, 18s and 28s rrna coding regions was established by dna-rna hybridization and s1 nuclease mapping. the organization of p. anserina rrna genes is similar to that of neurospora crassa and aspergillus nidulans. the rdna unit does not contain the sequence coding for 5s rna. | 1985 | 2987647 |
cloning of phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase gene from a cyanobacterium, anacystis nidulans, in escherichia coli. | the phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase gene (ppc) from anacystis nidulans, a cyanobacterium (blue-green alga), was cloned in escherichia coli. chromosomal dna of a. nidulans was partially digested with sau3ai, and the obtained dna fragments were ligated in the bamhi site of pbr322. the hybrid plasmids were first transformed into e. coli k802 (hsdr-, hsdm+) to obtain the gene bank of a. nidulans. the bank consisted of about 12,000 clones. these hybrid plasmids were then transformed into e. coli pcr1 ... | 1985 | 2989256 |
helical packing in the hydrophobic sector of cytochrome c oxidase. | an arrangement for the membrane-spanning segments of the three larger subunits of cytochrome c oxidase is proposed on the basis of sequence comparison and polarity distribution estimated from the data available for 11 different organisms. | 1985 | 2991455 |
identification and molecular analysis of a third aspergillus nidulans alcohol dehydrogenase gene. | an aspergillus nidulans functional cdna encoding an alcohol dehydrogenase (adh) was isolated by its ability to complement an adh1 mutation in saccharomyces cerevisiae. alignment of the cdna and cloned genomic dna sequences indicated that the adh gene contains two small introns. the presence of ethanol in the growth medium was shown to result in adh mrna accumulation presumably due to transcriptional induction of the gene. however, adh mrna accumulation was at most only partially repressed by the ... | 1985 | 2998782 |
nucleotide sequence of the phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase gene of the cyanobacterium anacystis nidulans. | nucleotide sequence of the open reading frame (orf) for the phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase gene (ppc) of the cyanobacterium anacystis nidulans was determined. the orf consists of 3159 bp and codes for 1053 amino acid (aa) residues. the codon usage of the ppc of a. nidulans is not so markedly different from that of the escherichia coli ppc, yet, in a. nidulans the preferred codons are aag for lysine and ccc for proline, whereas those are seldom used in the e. coli ppc. | 1985 | 2998946 |
development of a high-frequency transforming vector for aspergillus nidulans. | the pyr4 gene of neurospora crassa, which codes for orotidine-5'-phosphate decarboxylase, is capable of transforming an aspergillus nidulans pyrg mutant by chromosomal integration, despite low homology between the transforming dna and the recipient genome. integration of pfb6, a plasmid carrying pyr4 and capable of replication in escherichia coli, was not observed at the pyrg locus. the efficiency of transformation was considerably enhanced (50-100 fold) by inclusion in the transforming vector o ... | 1985 | 3000883 |
expression of an escherichia coli beta-galactosidase fusion gene in aspergillus nidulans. | we inserted in frame the escherichia coli lacz gene into the protein-coding region of the aspergillus nidulans trpc gene and introduced the resultant fused gene into the a. nidulans genome. a functional beta gal fusion protein was produced. removal of the trpc transcription and translation initiation sequences from the fusion gene abolished production of the fusion protein, showing that expression is dependent on these sequences. thus, lacz fusions should be of use for estimating gene activity i ... | 1985 | 3005133 |
self-cloning in the cyanobacterium anacystis nidulans r2: fate of a cloned gene after reintroduction. | functional analysis of cloned genes often makes use of complementation after introducing these genes into cells of a mutant strain. problems with this self-cloning step in the cyanobacterium anacystis nidulans r2 have been encountered, which were mainly due to recombinational instability of gene and vector after transformation. therefore, conditions determining the exchange of material between chromosome, insert and plasmids were studied to achieve the necessary stability. the fate of plasmid pm ... | 1985 | 3006100 |
transformation of aspergillus nidulans with a cloned, oligomycin-resistant atp synthase subunit 9 gene. | an allele (olic31) of the a. nidulans olic gene has been cloned using homology with the equivalent gene from n. crassa. olic31 codes for an oligomycin-resistant, triethyltin-hypersensitive form of subunit 9 of the mitochondrial atp synthase complex. direct selection for oligomycin-resistance was possible following transformation of a. nidulans with the olic31 gene. the phenotypes of transformants cultured in the presence of oligomycin were indicative of the position of integration of the transfo ... | 1986 | 3010049 |
gene cloning in aspergillus nidulans: isolation of the isocitrate lyase gene (acud). | an aspergillus nidulans gene library was constructed in a high-frequency transformation vector, pdjb3, based on the neurospora crassa pyr4 gene. this gene library was used to isolate the structural gene for isocitrate lyase (acud) by complementation of a deficiency mutation following transformation of a. nidulans. plasmids rescued in escherichia coli were able to transform five different a. nidulans acud mutants. transformation using plasmids containing the cloned fragment resulted in integratio ... | 1986 | 3010050 |
endogenous energy supply to the plasma membrane of dark aerobic cyanobacterium anacystis nidulans: atpase-independent efflux of h+ and na+ from respiring cells. | the ejection of protons from oxygen-pulsed cells and the gradients of na+ concentration (na+o/na+i at 150 mm external nacl) and proton electrochemical potential (delta mu h+) across the plasma membrane of anacystis nidulans were studied in response to dark endogenous energy supply. saturating concentrations of the f0f1-atpase inhibitors dicyclohexylcarbodiimide (f0) and 7-chloro-4-nitrobenz-2-oxa-1,3-diazole (f1) eliminated oxidative phosphorylation and lowered the atp level from 2.6 +/- 0.15 to ... | 1986 | 3010878 |
structural genes for phosphatases in aspergillus nidulans. | 1986 | 3011590 | |
phosphatase regulation in aspergillus nidulans: responses to nutritional starvation. | 1986 | 3011591 | |
cloning of the arg-12 gene of neurospora crassa and regulation of its transcript via cross-pathway amino acid control. | the arg-12 locus of neurospora crassa encodes ornithine carbamoyl transferase, which is one of many amino acid synthetic enzymes whose activity is regulated through cross-pathway (or general) amino acid control. we report here the use of probes derived from the functionally equivalent arg-b gene of aspergillus nidulans to identify and clone a 10 kb neurospora dna fragment carrying the arg-12 gene. short neurospora dna probes derived from this fragment were used to identify a 1.5 kb polya+ transc ... | 1986 | 3012277 |
an immunochemical study of neurospora nucleases. | nucleases derived from neurospora crassa mycelia with neutral single-strand (ss) endodeoxyribonuclease activity have been examined by immunochemical techniques and by sodium dodecyl sulfate - dna gel electrophoresis. all of the intracellular nucleases, which have different divalent metal ion requirements, different strand specificities with single- and double-strand dna, different modes of action on dna and rna, and other distinguishing characteristics, are immunochemically related to neurospora ... | 1986 | 3013242 |
cloning of the regulatory gene area mediating nitrogen metabolite repression in aspergillus nidulans. | the area gene, which mediates nitrogen metabolite repression in the fungus aspergillus nidulans, lies sufficiently close to a telomere that no indispensable gene can be distal to it. we were able therefore to exploit the existence of a near terminal pericentric inversion to devise a method for cloning area plus the region beyond it towards the telomere. in crosses heterozygous for this inversion a class of duplication-deficient progeny lacking area and the region centromere-distal to it is obtai ... | 1986 | 3013617 |
regulation of gene expression by ph of the growth medium in aspergillus nidulans. | in the fungus aspergillus nidulans the levels of a number of enzymes whose location is at least in part extracellular (e.g. acid phosphatase, alkaline phosphatase, phosphodiesterase) and of certain permeases (e.g. that for gamma-amino-n-butyrate) are controlled by the ph of the growth medium. for example, at acidic ph, levels of acid phosphatase are high and those of alkaline phosphatase are low whereas at alkaline ph the reverse is true. mutations in five genes, pala, b, c, e and f, mimic the e ... | 1986 | 3016485 |
controlled gene expression utilising lambda phage regulatory signals in a cyanobacterium host. | this study presents plasmid systems that utilize regulatory signals of bacteriophage lambda to accomplish regulated expression of cloned genes in an a. nidulans r2 derivative strain. an operator-promoter region and the temperature-sensitive repressor gene ci857 of bacteriophage lambda were employed. linked to a cyanobacterial replicon, the plasmid vectors efficiently transformed anacystis and were stably maintained within this host. the cat structural gene, encoding chloramphenicol acetyltransfe ... | 1986 | 3018433 |
heterologous insertion of transforming dna and generation of new deletions associated with transformation in aspergillus nidulans. | the analysis of four transformants for the proline catabolism (prn) gene cluster of aspergillus nidulans is reported. using a combination of traditional genetic methodology and southern hybridisation we have shown that in two cases multiple copies of the transforming plasmid have been integrated into linkage groups other than vii, which contains the prn cluster. in the other two cases integration of the plasmid has probably occurred homologously. the phenotype of these transformants is broadly c ... | 1986 | 3018435 |
molecular analysis of the argb gene of aspergillus nidulans. | the transcriptional organization and sequence of the aspergillus nidulans argb gene, encoding ornithine carbamoyl transferase (octase; e.c. 2.1.3.3.), was determined. transcription of the gene begins within a methionine-initiated open translation reading frame, indicating that a second methionine codon of the open reading frame is used for translation initiation. the predicted length of the octase precursor peptide is 359 amino acids, and it contains a highly basic amino terminus that is probabl ... | 1986 | 3020372 |
oxidative phosphorylation and energy buffering in cyanobacteria. | the onset of respiration in the cyanobacteria anacystis nidulans and nostoc sp. strain mac upon a shift from dark anaerobic to aerobic conditions was accompanied by rapid energization of the adenylate pool (owing to the combined action of atp synthase and adenylate kinase) and also the guanylate, uridylate, and cytidylate pools (owing to nucleoside diphosphate and nucleoside monophosphate kinases). rates of the various transphosphorylation reactions were comparable to the rate of oxidative phosp ... | 1986 | 3023299 |
expression of the aspergillus nidulans argb gene in escherichia coli. | the aspergillus nidulans argb gene coding for ornithine carbamoyltransferase (otcase) is not expressed in escherichia coli. however, e. coli otcase-deficient strains transformed with plasmids carrying the argb gene from a. nidulans reverted to prototrophy at a high frequency. in these derivatives the argb gene became functional due to dna rearrangements upstream of the coding sequence. two types of rearrangement were characterized. one was identified as an insertion of is2. the second was a dele ... | 1986 | 3027235 |
a cloned tryptophan-synthesis gene from the ascomycete cochliobolus heterostrophus functions in escherichia coli, yeast and aspergillus nidulans. | a gene (trp1) in the tryptophan biosynthetic pathway of the fungal plant pathogen cochliobolus heterostrophus was isolated by complementation of an escherichia coli trpf mutant which lacked phosphoribosylanthranilate isomerase (prai) activity. the cloned gene also complemented an e. coli trpc mutant lacking indoleglycerolphosphate synthase (igps) activity, a yeast trp1 mutant missing prai activity and an aspergillus nidulans trpc mutant. it functioned in e. coli and a. nidulans without apparent ... | 1986 | 2941339 |
genetics of filamentous fungi. | 1986 | 2945991 | |
amino acid transport in eucaryotic microorganisms. | 1986 | 2947629 | |
localization of alkaline phosphatase activity at microbody membranes of neurospora crassa and aspergillus nidulans. | hyphal cells of neurospora crassa and aspergillus nidulans, grown in sabouraud glucose broth or in a defined medium with xanthine or its catabolites as the nitrogen source, contained single membrane-bound organelles cytochemically identified as microbodies. modified gomori procedures at the ultrastructural level revealed putative alkaline phosphatase activity sites in thin sections of cells of both species of fungi. microbody membranes displayed electron opaque deposits (lead phosphate) which we ... | 1986 | 2948778 |
sequence analysis and transformation by the catabolic 3-dehydroquinase (qute) gene from aspergillus nidulans. | the induction of catabolic 3-dehydroquinase by quinic acid in aspergillus nidulans has been shown to involve transcriptional control and yields a single major 0.8 kb mrna. the nucleotide sequence of the catabolic 3-dehydroquinase qute gene has been determined and contains a single uninterrupted open reading frame of 462 bases encoding a 16,505 da protein of 153 residues. comparison with the corresponding qa2 gene of neurospora crassa reveals the absence of 75 nucleotides encoding 25 amino acids ... | 1986 | 2949740 |
isolation and identification of the aspergillus nidulans gdha gene encoding nadp-linked glutamate dehydrogenase. | the neurospora crassa am gene was used as a heterologous probe to identify clones from two independently constructed aspergillus nidulans gene libraries. these clones have a common hindiii 1.85 kb fragment. this a. nidulans nucleotide stretch hybridises to a n. crassa 2.7 kb bamhi fragment of wild type dna but not to a co-migrating fragment from the dna of the n. crassa am132 deletion mutant. one a. nidulans clone was shown to complement the n. crasse am132 deletion strain. the n. crassa transfo ... | 1986 | 2834076 |
tallysomycin-induced mitotic aneuploidy and point mutations in aspergillus nidulans. | tallysomycin is an antibiotic compound structurally related to bleomycin, and like bleomycins and phleomycins also shows antitumour activity. we have investigated the genetic activity of tallysomycin in the ascomycete aspergillus nidulans for malsegregation of chromosomes at mitosis and for point mutations. we found that the antibiotic at very low concentrations from 0.025 to 0.2 micrograms/ml had an inhibitory effect on colonial growth of up to 50% and it increased the number of mitotic malsegr ... | 1986 | 2457783 |
5s rrna genes from aspergillus nidulans are not transcribed in saccharomyces cerevisiae. | several different 5s rrna genes from aspergillus nidulans cloned in an escherichia coli--saccharomyces cerevisiae shuttle vector were introduced into s. cerevisiae cells by transformation. the a. nidulans 5s rrna genes were not transcribed in s. cerevisiae. | 1986 | 2436448 |
selectivity to k+ and na+ of protoplast fractions isolated from different regions of aspergillus nidulans hyphae. | the selectivity to k+ and na+ of protoplast samples representing cytoplasm isolated from different regions of the hyphal filament of aspergillus nidulans was investigated. concentrations of both ions contained in successive protoplast fractions were measured. during lytic digestion, protoplasts were released first from apical regions and subsequently from progressively older regions of hyphae. a low k+/na+ ratio was found in protoplasts containing primarily apical cytoplasm and a high k+/na+ rat ... | 1986 | 3095487 |
isolation and nucleotide sequence analysis of the ferredoxin i gene from the cyanobacterium anacystis nidulans r2. | two mixed oligonucleotide probes derived from conserved regions of the synechocystis sp. strain pcc 6714 ferredoxin amino acid sequence were utilized to isolate an anacystis nidulans r2 clone containing the ferredoxin i gene. nucleotide sequence analysis revealed a 297-base-pair (bp) open reading frame with a deduced amino acid sequence having high homology to other cyanobacterial ferredoxins. assuming proteolytic cleavage of the initial methionine residue, the molecular weight of the mature a. ... | 1986 | 3096975 |
the atp synthase subunit 9 gene of aspergillus nidulans: sequence and transcription. | we have determined the nucleotide sequence of the aspergillus nidulans nuclear gene olic31, which encodes subunit 9 of mitochondrial atp synthase. the open reading frame contains no introns and specifies a predicted protein of 143 amino acids comprising a pre-sequence of 62 residues and a mature protein of 81 residues. the amino acid homology with the equivalent neurospora crassa protein is 50% for the pre-sequence and 80% for the mature protein. a comparison with this and other imported mitocho ... | 1986 | 2880279 |
osmotic adjustment in the filamentous fungus aspergillus nidulans. | aspergillus nidulans was shown to be xerotolerant, with optimal radial growth on basal medium amended with 0.5 m nacl (osmotic potential [psi s] of medium, -3 mpa), 50% optimal growth on medium amended with 1.6 m nacl (psi s of medium, -8.7 mpa), and little growth on medium amended with 3.4 m nacl (psi s of medium, -21 mpa). the intracellular content of soluble carbohydrates and of selected cations was measured after growth on basal medium, on this medium osmotically amended with nacl, kcl, gluc ... | 1986 | 3536874 |
isolation of mip (microtubule-interacting protein) mutations of aspergillus nidulans. | we identified four mutations in two previously undescribed loci involved in microtubule function in aspergillus nidulans as extragenic suppressors of bena33, a heat-sensitive beta-tubulin mutation. three of the four mutations map to a locus closely linked to ribob on linkage group viii; we designated this locus mipa (for microtubule-interacting protein). we were not able to map the remaining suppressor because of chromosomal rearrangements. however, since it recombines with ribob at a significan ... | 1986 | 3537728 |
saccharomyces cerevisiae centromere cen11 does not induce chromosome instability when integrated into the aspergillus nidulans genome. | we constructed aspergillus nidulans transformation plasmids containing the a. nidulans argb+ gene and either containing or lacking centromeric dna from saccharomyces cerevisiae chromosome xi (cen11). the plasmids transformed an argb aspergillus strain to arginine independence at indistinguishable frequencies. stable haploid transformants were obtained with both plasmids, and strains were identified in which the plasmids had integrated into chromosome iii by homologous recombination at the argb l ... | 1986 | 3540597 |
genetic analysis of aspergillus nidulans amds+ transformants. | to correlate the genetic background of the aspergillus nidulans amds deletion strain mh1277 with the integrational behaviour of transforming vectors, classical genetic methods were used to construct amds- strains in which whole chromosomes had been exchanged with those of a master strain. progeny strains were transformed to the amds+ phenotype with vector p3sr2. from southern analysis it was concluded that transformants from all constructions contained tandemly repeated, multiple copy inserts of ... | 1986 | 3543620 |
intracellular localization of aspergillus nidulans ornithine carbamoyltransferase in native host cells and in saccharomyces cerevisiae cells harbouring its cloned structural gene. | differential centrifugation of the aspergillus nidulans cell lysate shows that ornithine carbamoyltransferase (ec 2.1.3.3) appears mainly in the particulate (organellar) fraction. the enzyme was located to the mitochondria by co-sedimentation with cytochrome oxidase in isopycnic density gradient and by cytochemical-electron microscopic means. arginase (ec 3.5.3.1) and ornithine delta-aminotransferase (e.c. 2.6.1.13) were found to reside in cytosol. the release of ornithine carbamoyltransferase f ... | 1986 | 3544621 |
primary structure of mucor miehei aspartyl protease: evidence for a zymogen intermediate. | the gene encoding the aspartyl protease of the filamentous fungus mucor miehei has been cloned in escherichia coli and the dna sequenced. the deduced primary translation product contains an n-terminal region of 69 amino acid (aa) residues not present in the mature protein. by analogy to the evolutionarily related mammalian gastric aspartyl proteases it is inferred that the primary secreted product is a zymogen containing a 47-aa propeptide. this propeptide is presumably removed in the later step ... | 1986 | 3549462 |
a system for the analysis of expression signals in aspergillus. | to analyse gene expression signals in aspergillus we have constructed a set of integration vectors each of which contains in front of the escherichia coli 'lacz gene a unique bamhi site in one of the three possible translational reading frames and the a. nidulans argb gene as a selection marker. the vectors allow in-phase translational fusion of any gene to 'lacz. after transformation of an a. nidulans argb strain, the vectors integrate with a high percentage at the argb locus of the genome, as ... | 1986 | 3549463 |
the subunit i of the respiratory-chain nadh dehydrogenase from cephalosporium acremonium: the evolution of a mitochondrial gene. | a cephalosporium acremonium mitochondrial gene equivalent to human urf1 has been identified. the primary structure of the protein is highly homologous to its human (39%) and a. nidulans (66%) counterparts. hydrophobicity profiles and predicted secondary structures are also very similar suggesting that this gene codes for the subunit i of the respiratory-chain nadh dehydrogenase. the nucleotide sequence of the gene, 70% homologous to the a. nidulans one, presents a high at content (72%) and this ... | 1986 | 3447737 |
the amds gene of aspergillus nidulans: control by multiple regulatory signals. | 1986 | 3551935 | |
the watermelon mitochondrial urf-1 gene: evidence for a complex structure. | we have cloned and sequenced a fragment of watermelon mitochondrial dna (mtdna) which contains a gene homologous to mitochondrial urf-1 (unidentified reading frame-1) of vertebrates, drosophila yakuba and aspergillus nidulans. urf-1 is thought to encode a component of the respiratory chain nadh dehydrogenase. two coding regions in the watermelon gene are separated by approximately 1,450 bp of untranslatable dna. these two exons encode the central portions of urf-1, and are highly conserved. we p ... | 1986 | 3447741 |
effect of the bnca gene on the instability of aspergillus nidulans. | 1986 | 3552882 | |
organization of the genes for protein synthesis elongation factors tu and g in the cyanobacterium anacystis nidulans. | the genes for protein synthesis elongation factors tu and g were cloned from the cyanobacterium anacystis nidulans. the locations of these genes were mapped within the cloned dna fragment by hybridization with escherichia coli probes. the organization of the cloned fragment and the dna flanking it in the a. nidulans chromosome was also determined. the elongation factor tu and g genes are adjacent to one another and in the same 5'-to-3' orientation. in contrast to other gram-negative bacteria, a. ... | 1986 | 3082860 |
transformation of the cyanobacterium anacystis nidulans 6301 with the escherichia coli plasmid pbr322. | anacystis nidulans 6301 has been transformed in the light to ampicillin resistance with the plasmid pbr322. permeaplasts prepared by 2-hr treatment of cells with lysozyme and edta are transformed with a 50-fold higher efficiency than that observed for cells. beta-lactamase is present in a. nidulans transformed either with pbr322 or the plasmid pch1 as evidenced by hydrolysis of the beta-lactam ring of nitrocefin in extracts of transformants. beta-lactamase also can be immunoprecipitated from ext ... | 1986 | 3085098 |
grouping of aspergillus species with exoantigens. | ninety-two slant extracts prepared from 2-week-old cultures of seven aspergillus groups, nonsporulating "albino-type" a.fumigatus, blastomyces dermatitidis, histoplasma capsulatum, 3 penicillium spp., 2 pseudallescheria spp., 3 paecilomyces spp., and acremonium sp., were analyzed concurrently against antisera to a. fumigatus, a. flavus, a. nidulans, a. niger, and a. terreus. the extract of each of the aforementioned five pathogenic aspergillus spp. produced 2-11 specific antigen-antibody complex ... | 1986 | 3086014 |
characterization of dna uptake by the cyanobacterium anacystis nidulans. | the binding and uptake of nick-translated 32p-labeled pbr322 by anacystis nidulans 6301 have been characterized. both processes were considerably enhanced in permeaplasts compared to cells. the breakdown of labeled dna was not correlated with binding or uptake by permeaplasts or cells. uptake of dna by permeaplasts was unaffected by: mg2+ or ca2+, light, or inhibitors of photophosphorylation such as valinomycin or gramicidin d in the presence or absence of nh4cl. atp at 2.5-10 mm inhibited both ... | 1986 | 3093820 |
nucleotide sequence of the triosephosphate isomerase gene from aspergillus nidulans: implications for a differential loss of introns. | a functional cdna from aspergillus nidulans encoding triosephosphate isomerase (tpi) was isolated by its ability to complement a tpi1 mutation in saccharomyces cerevisiae. this cdna was used to obtain the corresponding gene, tpia. alignment of the cdna and genomic dna nucleotide sequences indicated that tpia contains five introns. the intron positions in the tpia gene were compared with those in the tpi genes of human, chicken, and maize. one intron is present at an identical position in all fou ... | 1986 | 3521890 |
aspergillus nidulans 5s rrna genes and pseudogenes. | the sequence of four aspergillus nidulans 5s rrna genes and of two pseudogenes has been determined. a conserved sequence about 100 bp upstream of the 5s rrna coding sequences has been found in three genes and one pseudogene. the two pseudogenes correspond to the 5' half of the 5s rrna coding sequence and their 3' flanking sequences which are not homologous to 5s rrna are strongly conserved. | 1986 | 3327606 |
genetic and molecular characterization of argb+ transformants of aspergillus nidulans. | thirty-three argb- to argb+ transformants of aspergillus nidulans have been subjected to genetic and molecular analysis. two showed high levels of mitotic instability although it is suggested that this is a consequence of heterokaryosis rather than instability of the transformation event. most transformants resulted from the integration of the transforming dna in tandem with the chromosomal argb locus. the maximum number of inserted sequences was two, to generate three copies of the argb locus. ... | 1986 | 3327613 |
mitotic recombination in stable and unstable chromosome iii disomics of aspergillus nidulans. | approximately 2% of the haploid breakdown sectors of heterozygous chromosome iii disomics of aspergillus nidulans are the result of recombination between the homologous chromosomes. the exchanges are concentrated between the two mutations spanning the centromere. comparisons are made between disomics hemizygous for the sodiii a1 mutation (upshall et al. 1979) which are stable when grown at 37 degrees c, and disomics carrying the wild type allele of the sodiii a1 locus, which are unstable under a ... | 1986 | 3327614 |
behaviour of recombinant plasmids in aspergillus nidulans: structure and stability. | a pyrg- aspergillus strain was transformed with plasmid pdjb-1, derived from pbr325 by insertion of the neurospora crassa pyr4 gene (orotidine 5'-phosphate carboxylase), giving mitotically unstable transformants. aspergillus dna which acted as an "autonomously replicating sequence" (ars) in yeast was inserted into pdjb-1 and the resulting construct, pdjb12.1, gave mitotically stable transformants when introduced into aspergillus. transformants obtained with pdjb-1 and pdjb12.1 gave few pyr- prog ... | 1986 | 3329034 |
heat shock phenomena in aspergillus nidulans. i. the effect of heat on mycelial protein synthesis. | heat shock was found to induce characteristic changes in the pattern of protein synthesis in aspergillus nidulans as analysed by sds-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. six to seven new bands were found to show increased incorporation to 35s-methionine at 43 degrees c compared to 37 degrees c, the standard temperature for this organism. the heat shock response of five different strains of a. nidulans was examined. this comparative study showed that these strains (haploids and diploids) show exac ... | 1986 | 3329035 |
systems and results of tests for chemical induction of mitotic malsegregation and aneuploidy in aspergillus nidulans. | in aspergillus several types of test systems have been developed for detection of chemicals which induce aneuploidy and/or malsegregation of chromosomes. results from 23 papers were reviewed in which numerical data for 42 chemicals had been reported. the test systems fall into two groups. one group includes all purely genetic tests that detect euploid mitotic segregants from heterozygous diploids and identify these either as products of malsegregation of chromosomes or as products of crossing-ov ... | 1986 | 3510377 |
pyruvate carboxylase from saccharomyces cerevisiae. quaternary structure, effects of allosteric ligands and binding of avidin. | the quaternary structure of pyruvate carboxylase purified from saccharomyces cerevisiae was investigated by electron microscopic examination of negatively stained samples. in the most frequently observed projection form four intensity maxima were arranged at the corners of a rhombus; a cleft along the longitudinal axis of individual protomers could often be discerned. the observation of occasional triangular and dual-intensity projections and the interconversion of all three projection forms in ... | 1986 | 3514213 |
the isolation and nucleotide sequence of the complex arom locus of aspergillus nidulans. | the arom locus of a. nidulans, which governs five consecutive steps in pre-chorismate aromatic amino acid biosynthesis, has been cloned in a bacteriophage vector. the nucleotide sequence of the locus reveals a single, open reading-frame of 4,812 base-pairs, apparently without introns. an internal segment of the a. nidulans arom sequence has extensive homology with the e. coli aroa gene that encodes the 5-enolpyruvylshikimate 3-phosphate synthase. | 1986 | 3515316 |
the fatty acid composition of the conidia and mycelia of the fungus aspergillus nidulans. | the total fatty acids were characterized from conidia, exponential phase, and stationary phase aspergillus nidulans. several quantitative and qualitative variations were observed. most notable was the approximately 15-fold increase in linolenate observed during the 1st day of incubation and its subsequent total disappearance by day 4. | 1986 | 3516353 |
mitotic crossing over in chromosome i disomics of aspergillus nidulans. | the frequency and pattern of homologous recombination in chromosome i disomics of aspergillus nidulans is presented. approximately 6% of randomly selected haploid breakdown sectors are recombinant. most of these arise from double exchange events, one of which is located in the centromere region, the other distal on the left arm. other marked regions are rarely involved in a recombination event. reciprocal genotypes arise in approximately equal frequencies indicating that exchange results in reci ... | 1986 | 3520237 |
tests which distinguish induced crossing-over and aneuploidy from secondary segregation in aspergillus treated with chloral hydrate or gamma-rays. | a system of tests with the ascomycete aspergillus nidulans was devised that can detect 3 primary effects of genotoxic agents: (1) increases in mitotic crossing-over; (2) induced aneuploidy; and (3) clastogenic effects which cause chromosomal imbalance. conidia of a new diploid tester strain, heterozygous for 4 recessive markers which alter conidial color, are treated and plated onto nonselective media. in cases of induced crossing-over, large color segments are found in normal green colonies, fr ... | 1986 | 3520302 |
genetic analysis of dna repair in aspergillus: evidence for different types of mms-sensitive hyperrec mutants. | to identify genes which affect dna repair and possibly recombination in aspergillus nidulans, mutants hypersensitive to methyl methanesulphonate (mms) were induced with ultraviolet light (uv) or gamma-rays. about half of them contained associated translocations and many were hypersensitive to uv and/or defective in meiosis. two are alleles of the known uvsb gene while most others define new genes. in addition, among available uvs mutants many were found to be mms-sensitive. some of the various u ... | 1986 | 3523224 |
genetic and functional analysis of beta tubulin in aspergillus nidulans. | 1986 | 3524367 | |
functional assembly in vitro of phycobilisomes with isolated photosystem ii particles of eukaryotic chloroplasts. | phycobiliproteins obtained by dissociation of phycobilisomes were reassociated in vitro with intact thylakoids or isolated photosystems i and ii preparations obtained from cyanophytes (prokaryotes) or green algae (eukaryotes) to form bound phycobilisome complexes. energy transfer from fremyella diplosiphon phycobiliproteins to chlorophyll a of reaction centers i and ii was measured in: complexes containing intact thylakoids of the cyanophytes f. diplosiphon or anacystis nidulans and the eukaryot ... | 1986 | 3528156 |
a comparative study on selected chemical carcinogens for chromosome malsegregation, mitotic crossing-over and forward mutation induction in aspergillus nidulans. | 10 "false negative" chemical carcinogens, i.e. ineffective in bacterial mutagenicity assays, were thoroughly investigated for their genotoxic activity in the mould aspergillus nidulans. forward mutations (methionine suppressors), mitotic crossing-over and chromosome malsegregation were the end-points scored. positive results were obtained in tests for the induction of mitotic segregation with benzene, ethylenethiourea and urethane, which increased the frequency of abnormal presumptive aneuploid ... | 1986 | 3531838 |
transcription and processing signals in the 3-phosphoglycerate kinase (pgk) gene from aspergillus nidulans. | the 3-phosphoglycerate kinase gene from aspergillus nidulans contains two 57-bp introns and codes for a 421-amino acid (aa) protein with considerable homology to the saccharomyces cerevisiae (68%) and mammalian (64%) proteins. almost total conservation is found in aspergillus of residues thought to be important to the structure and function of the yeast enzyme, and the introns fall between coding sequences for postulated structures in the n-domain. the strong codon preference found is more simil ... | 1986 | 3533726 |
characterization of aspergillus nidulans mutants in carbon metabolism isolated after d-galacturonate enrichment. | a selective method for the isolation of aspergillus nidulans mutants defective in the pyruvate dehydrogenase complex was devised. the essential steps in the procedure were a mutagenic treatment of conidia with x-rays to about 50% survival, followed by filtration enrichment in minimal medium with d-galacturonate as sole carbon source, and rescue on complete medium with acetate. the mutants thus isolated were phenotypically characterized on the basis of growth tests, and different genotypes were a ... | 1986 | 3534135 |
exploiting classical genetics to clone a eukaryotic regulatory gene. | 1986 | 3153577 | |
genotoxicity of hexachlorobenzene and other chlorinated benzenes. | hexachlorobenzene (hcb) and other chlorinated benzenes have had only limited mutagenicity evaluation but tests have shown a general lack of evidence for mutagenicity. bacterial reverse mutation studies have been typically negative and only a few studies on cultured mammalian cells have been published. recent reports indicate that hcb does not induce sister chromatid exchange or dna-strand breakage in vitro. a single report of hcb-induced reverse mutation in yeast is suspect due to the failure to ... | 1986 | 3596730 |
a case of guttural pouch mycosis in a horse. | a case of guttural pouch mycosis in an 11-year-old horse is described. the fungus isolated was identified as emericella nidulans. housing under bad hygienic conditions without ventilation for three years might have been a predisposing factor. | 1986 | 3725585 |
biosynthesis of a 42-kd polypeptide in the cytoplasmic membrane of the cyanobacterium anacystis nidulans strain r2 during adaptation to low co(2) concentration. | when cells of anacystis nidulans strain r2 grown under high co(2) conditions (3%) were transferred to low co(2) conditions (0.05%), their ability to accumulate inorganic carbon (c(i)) increased up to 8 times. cytoplasmic membranes (plasmalemma) isolated at various stages of low co(2) adaptation were analyzed by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. there was a marked increase of a 42-kilodalton polypeptide in the cytoplasmic membrane during adaptation; a linear relationship ... | 1986 | 16664655 |
variation in the polypeptide composition of phycobilisomes from anacystis nidulans and three pigment mutants. | phycobilisomes, light harvesting antenna pigment systems, were studied from anacystis nidulans wild type and from several spontaneous pigment mutants selected for improved growth in far-red light (>650 nm). this is the first characterization and description of polypeptide composition of phycobilisomes from spontaneous mutants (not chemically induced) of a. nidulans. the mutants had significant changes in the phycobiliprotein content relative to chlorophyll (chl). two phycobiliproteins, c-phycocy ... | 1986 | 24443211 |
genetic transformation of the fungal pathogen responsible for rice blast disease. | the analysis of complex genetic determinants that control the ability of a fungus to colonize its host has been impaired by the lack of sophisticated genetic tools for characterizing important pathogens. we have developed a system for the genetic transformation of magnaporthe grisea, the causal agent of rice blast disease, to overcome this limitation. a m. grisea arginine auxotroph was shown to contain a mutation (arg3-12) that abolishes ornithine carbamoyltransferase activity. m. grisea strains ... | 1987 | 16593854 |
the susceptibility of photosynthesis to photoinhibition and the capacity of recovery in high and low light grown cyanobacteria, anacystis nidulans. | the susceptibility of photosynthesis to photoinhibition and the rate of its recovery were studied in the cyanobacterium anacystis nidulans grown at a low (10 micromoles per square meter per second) and a high (120 micromoles per square meter per second) photosynthetically active radiation. the rate of light limited photosynthetic o(2) evolution was measured to determine levels of photoinhibition and rates of recovery. studies of photoinhibition and recovery with and without the translation inhib ... | 1987 | 16665264 |
chemical and biological characterization of hazardous industrial waste. ii. eukaryotic bioassay of a wood-preserving bottom sediment. | the eukaryotic haploid and diploid forms of aspergillus nidulans were used to detect gene mutations and various types of chromosome damage, respectively, in the acid, base and neutral fractions of a wood-preserving bottom sediment. the corresponding response to prokaryotic mutagenicity assays and major chemical constituents of the 3 waste fractions were described by donnelly et al. (1987). the haploid methionine system detected genotoxic compounds in all 3 primary waste fractions without metabol ... | 1987 | 3306353 |
induction and isolation of mutants in fungi at low mutagen doses. | since the yield of mutants per surviving cell increases in general with increasing dose of mutagen, it has often been concluded in the literature that it is the most efficient to apply high mutagen doses so that most spores are killed. as high doses of mutagen produce chromosome rearrangements and unnoticed mutations which disturb the genetic background, the relationship between mutant frequency and survival was analyzed with aspergillus nidulans as a model. it is shown that for different types ... | 1987 | 3329055 |
microheterogeneity in aspergillus nidulans 5s rrna genes. | we have determined the sequence of 4 aspergillus nidulans 5s rrna genes and compared it with 4 previously established sequences. no extensive homologies are found in 5' flanking sequences, but in the 3' flanks of two genes and two pseudogenes similar sequences are observed. in the coding sequences differences occur in 7 positions. two 5s rrna genes which are found in one plasmid 1.1 kb apart are located in opposite orientations. | 1987 | 3329974 |
suppressors suac109 and suaa101 of aspergillus nidulans alter the ribosomal phenotype in vitro. | a new homologous, cell-free system for protein synthesis has been devised for use with ribosomes and elongation factors from aspergillus nidulans. ribosome preparations from strains with either the suaa101 or suac109 mutations have a higher misreading ratio (non-cognate:cognate amino acid incorporation) in the presence of hygromycin than controls. they can be classed as fidelity mutants. these results also prove that the mutations must be in genes coding for ribosomal proteins or enzymes which m ... | 1987 | 3331121 |
cloning and molecular analysis of the ornithine carbamoyl transferase gene of aspergillus niger. | we have cloned the gene encoding ornithine carbamoyl transferase (octase) from aspergillus niger. the structure and complete nucleotide sequence of this gene have been determined. the gene encodes an mrna of 1.3 kb. the transcription unit contains an open reading frame of 1110 nucleotides (nt) which shows strong homology to the octase of aspergillus nidulans along most of its length. the n terminus, which shows little or no homology to other octases, is highly basic and is probably involved in m ... | 1987 | 3443301 |
chemical and physical agents assayed in tests for mitotic intergenic and intragenic recombination in aspergillus nidulans diploid strains. | data from aspergillus nidulans mitotic recombination assays published over the period 1960-1986 are briefly reviewed. the results of the testing of 104 chemical agents and three physical agents are summarized. a tentative comparison of the performance of recombinational, mutational and aneuploidy assays in a. nidulans suggests that the former can effectively detect dna-damaging agents which either induce true genetic recombination (intergenic or intragenic crossing-over) or mimic it by inducing ... | 1987 | 3328037 |
cloning, mapping and molecular analysis of the pyrg (orotidine-5'-phosphate decarboxylase) gene of aspergillus nidulans. | we have modified the transformation procedures of ballance et al. [biochem. biophys. res. commun. 112 (1983) 284-289] to give increased rates of transformation in aspergillus nidulans. with the modified procedures we have been able to complement pyrg89, a mutation in the orotidine-5'-phosphate decarboxylase gene of a. nidulans, by transformation with a library of wild-type (wt) sequences in pbr329. we have recovered, by marker rescue from one such transformant, a plasmid (pjr15) that carries an ... | 1987 | 3328733 |
emericella nidulans in a maxillary sinus fungal mass. | sexual reproductive stages of fungi are very rarely found within mammalian tissues. we report here coexistence of cleistothecia associated with emericella nidulans and its conidial state, aspergillus nidulans, in a fungal mass which developed in a maxillary sinus. | 1987 | 3323452 |
monoclonal antibody probes for the niad specified subunit in the nadph-nitrate reductase from aspergillus nidulans. | in aspergillus nidulans, the nitrate assimilatory pathway is regulated by a variety of agents, one being the autogenous enzyme nitrate reductase. a major subunit of the enzyme which is specified by the niad structural gene and is implicated in autogenous control exhibits both nitrate inducible diaphorase activity and ammonium repression. the former was used to test the extent to which alterations in the niad specified protomer might affect its formation in selected niad point and deletion mutant ... | 1987 | 3323853 |
on the mechanism of mitotic segregation induction in aspergillus nidulans by benzene hydroxy metabolites. | the principal hydroxy-metabolites of benzene--hydroquinone, catechol and phenol--were assayed in tests for mitotic segregation induction in aspergillus nidulans diploid strain 19. hydroquinone was the most effective chemical, increasing the frequency of mitotic segregants up to 10-fold at 1-3 mm. catechol was similarly active at 10-20 mm and phenol was weakly positive at 15 mm. genetic characterization of induced abnormal segregating colonies by replating and complementary assays with haploid st ... | 1987 | 3325750 |
fixing on an enigma. | 1987 | 3153172 | |
regulation of the mrna levels of nima, a gene required for the g2-m transition in aspergillus nidulans. | the temperature-sensitive cell cycle mutation nima5 causes nuclei of aspergillus nidulans to be blocked in late g2 at restrictive temperature. under these conditions the spindle pole body divides but does not separate and the mitotic index drops to zero. if nima5 is blocked for more than one doubling time and then shifted from restrictive to permissive temperature, nuclei immediately enter mitosis, the mitotic spindle forms, and the chromosomes condense (oakley, b. r., and n. r. morris, 1983, j. ... | 1987 | 3294854 |
comparison of the cis-acting control regions of two coordinately controlled genes involved in ethanol utilization in aspergillus nidulans. | the alca and alda genes of aspergillus nidulans are regulated in exactly the same manner, being subject to positive control by the product of the alcr gene. we report the complete nucleotide sequence of the alca gene and its 5' non-coding region, preliminary localization of the region involved in the regulation of alca expression, and a detailed comparison of this region to the 5' non-coding region of alda (pickett et al., 1987). the 5' flanking regions of the genes contain six similar sequence ... | 1987 | 3297923 |
conditionally lethal tuba alpha-tubulin mutations in aspergillus nidulans. | we have mapped 17 extragenic suppressors of bena33, a heat-sensitive beta-tubulin mutation of aspergillus nidulans, to the tuba alpha tubulin locus. fifteen of these tuba mutations cause cold sensitivity in a genetic background with bena33 and appear to cause lethality in a background with the wild-type bena allele. we examined the microtubule-mediated processes, nuclear division and nuclear migration, in seven different cold-sensitive double mutants, each carrying bena33 and a different cold-se ... | 1987 | 3302605 |
proteolysis by toxigenic aspergillus nidulans from nigerian palm produce. | the submerged cultures of aspergillus nidulans had optimal growth and protease production at 37 degrees c and within 6 days of incubation. a rapid drop in ph of the growth medium from 6.9 to 4.8 and a subsequent gradual rise was recorded with the period of incubation. the acid-protease produced was purified by a combination of ethanolic precipitation, ultrafiltration and fractionation on deae-cellulose and sephadex g-200. a single peak showing protease activity was subsequently obtained with a 1 ... | 1987 | 3302717 |
antisuppressor mutations in aspergillus nidulans: cold-resistant revertants of suppressor suac109. | 1987 | 3305170 | |
an endogenous inducer of sexual development in aspergillus nidulans. | during development of the homothallic ascomycete aspergillus nidulans, asexual sporulation is followed by sexual sporulation. we report here the detection of a solvent-extractable activity which inhibits asexual sporulation and stimulates premature sexual sporulation. this activity, called precocious sexual inducer (psi), is overproduced by certain mutants that are blocked in both modes of sporulation. using partially purified preparations of psi, biological response could be elicited with as li ... | 1987 | 3309182 |
demonstration of an altered phenylalanyl-trna synthetase in an analogue-resistant mutant of aspergillus nidulans. | we have isolated and characterized a new class of p-fluorophenylalanine (fpa)-resistant mutant in aspergillus nidulans using a phena strain as the wild type, by optimizing the conditions of growth. all four spontaneous mutants selected on a medium containing fpa were found to be recessive to their wild-type alleles in heterozygous diploids. complementation analyses and linkage data showed that they were allelic and mapped at a single locus (fpau) in the faca-ribod interval on the right arm of li ... | 1987 | 3312953 |
cotransformation of aspergillus nidulans: a tool for replacing fungal genes. | when a non-selected dna sequence was added during the transformation of amds320 deletion strains of aspergillus nidulans with a vector containing the wild-type amds gene the amds+ transformants were cotransformed at a high frequency. cotransformation of an amds320, trpc801 double mutant strain showed that both the molar ratio of the two vectors and the concentration of the cotransforming vector affected the cotransformation frequency. the maximum frequency obtained was defined by the gene chosen ... | 1987 | 3312958 |
isolation and characterization of the positively acting regulatory gene quta from aspergillus nidulans. | the positively acting regulator gene quta from aspergillus nidulans has been identified and located within a cluster of quinic acid utilisation (qut) genes isolated within a recombinant phage lambda (lambda q1). the dna sequence of the quta gene reveals a single uninterrupted reading frame coding for a protein of mw 90.416 kd. the quta protein sequence has a protein motif in the form of a putative "dna finger" that shows strong homology to other such motifs in the gal4, ppr1, argrii, lac9 and qa ... | 1987 | 3313276 |
13c-nmr analysis of aspergillus mutants disturbed in pyruvate metabolism. | the metabolic consequences of two defects in pyruvate metabolism of the hyphal fungus aspergillus nidulans have been investigated by natural abundance 13c-nmr spectroscopy. a pyruvate dehydrogenase complex (pdh) mutant, grown on acetate, accumulates alanine upon starvation which is derived from mannitol reserves. the l-alanine level increases further upon incubation with the non-permissive substrate d-glucose. l-glutamate is absent from these spectra as it is required both for the transamination ... | 1987 | 3315006 |
[modern electron microscopy at cellular and macromolecular levels. strategies for preparation, imaging and image interpretation]. | conventional electron microscopy has significantly contributed to the understanding of structure-function relationships in living systems on cellular and macromolecular levels. new approaches and strategies will provide further insight into the organization of life. these new developments include cryopreparation and imaging techniques, x-ray microanalysis on frozen samples, electron energy loss spectroscopy, electron spectroscopic imaging, electron microscopic immunocytochemistry, preparation an ... | 1987 | 3317069 |