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influence of various host plants on the consumption and utilization of food by pieris brassicae (linn.).pieris brassicae (linn.) is a destructive cosmopolitan pest of cruciferous crops. it is present wherever its host plants occur, and it is considered to be one of the most widely distributed of all the lepidoptera. we investigated the affect of various host plants on the food consumption and utilization by p. brassicae. we quantified consumption of food, larval duration, pupal duration and weight on cabbage (brassica oleracea var. capitata), cauliflower (brassica oleracea var. botrytis), radish ( ...201122030306
phytoextraction of endosulfan a remediation technique.endosulfan is a cyclodiene insecticide used all over the world for the control of various insect pests on variety of food and non crop products. despite judicious use endosulfan has been detected in atmosphere, soil, water, sediment, surface water rain water and food stuffs, which is of concern. in view of the above the use of mustard and maize plants as potential phytoremediation inputs have been evaluated. the potential of mustard (brassica campestris linn.) and maize (zea maize) to remove a o ...201222052137
assessment of the interactive effects of ambient o₃ and npk levels on two tropical mustard varieties (brassica campestris l.) using open-top chambers.rising o(3) concentrations in agricultural areas have been identified as a significant threat to crop production in asia including india. the present work reports the results of a field study conducted to assess the usefulness of higher than recommended npk dose in modifying the physiological, growth, yield, and seed quality responses of two mustard (brassica campestris l. var. vardan and aashirwad) varieties under ambient ozone level at a rural site of india, using open-top chambers. twelve hou ...201222072445
bioaccumulation and translocation of cadmium in cole (brassica campestris l.) and celery (apium graveolens) grown in the polluted oasis soil, northwest of china.a pot experiment was conducted to study the bioaccumulation and translocation of cadmium (cd) in cole (brassica campestris l.) and celery (apium graveolens) grown in the cd-polluted oasis soil, northwest of china. the results showed that cd in the unpolluted oasis soil was mainly bound to carbonate fraction (f2) and fe-mn oxide fraction (f3). however, marked change of cd fractions was observed with increasing soil cd concentrations, in which the concentration of cd in fl (exchangeable fraction), ...201122128545
effect of different fertilizers on nitrogen isotope composition and nitrate content of brassica campestris.the effect of different fertilizers on the δ(15)n value, nitrate concentration, and nitrate reductase activity of brassica campestris and the δ(15)n value of soil has been investigated through a pot experiment. the δ(15)n mean value of b. campestris at the seedling stage observed in the composted chicken treatment (+8.65‰) was higher than that of chemical fertilizer treatment (+5.73‰), compost-chemical fertilizer (+7.53‰), and control check treatment (+7.86‰). there were significantly different ...201222242784
synthesis, structure, and biological activity of novel (oxdi/tri)azoles derivatives containing 1,2,3-thiadiazole or methyl moiety.to develop novel inhibitors of ketol-acid reductoisomerase, a series of (oxdi/tri)azoles derivatives was synthesized and characterized by (1)h  nmr, ms, elemental analyses, and crystallography. according to the biological activities of these compounds obtained both in vivo and in vitro, compound 4-cyclopropyl-3-((4-fluorobenzyl)thio)-5-methyl-4h-1,2,4-triazole showed excellent kari inhibitory activity (100% at 100 μg ml (-1)  in vitro). in addition, most of the title compounds exhibited good her ...201222249419
sequence characterization and expression pattern of bcmf21, a novel gene related to pollen development in brassica campestris ssp. chinensis.in this report a full length cdna, brassica campestris male fertile 21 (bcmf21) was successfully isolated from one of the cdna-amplified fragment length polymorphism (cdna-aflp) transcript-derived fragments (tdfs), bbp10, that was found down-regulated in the flower buds of sterile plants in brassica campestris l. ssp. chinensis makino genic male sterile (gms) ab line system (bcajh 97-01a/b). bcmf21 protein structure analysis showed a signal peptide at the n-terminus; two protein kinase c phospho ...201222311045
ethnoveterinary remedies of diseases among milk yielding animals in kathua, jammu and kashmir, india.the triangle of relationship between human beings, animals and plants has existed for ages, and has given rise to intense-relationships and consequently rich traditions of ethnoveterinary knowledge throughout the world. the predominantly rural population and the strong agricultural base have provided unique situation for rich ethnoveterinary practices in the study area.201222366093
morphological, cytological, and molecular characterization of hybrids and their progenies derived from the somatic hybridization of brassica campestris and brassica oleracea.in order to produce interspecific somatic hybrids between brassica campestris (2n = 20, aa) and brassica oleracea (2n = 18, cc), we isolated protoplasts from cotyledons and hypocotyls of young seedlings, and fused by 40% polyethylene glycol (peg). fused cells were cultured in modified k8p liquid medium supplemented with 0.2 mg/l 2,4-dichorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-d) +0.5 mg/l 6-benzylaminopurine (6-ba)+0.1 mg/l naphthaleneacetic acid (naa)+ 0.1 mg/l kinetin (kin), 0.3 mol/l sucrose and 0.3 mol/l ...201122393713
deciphering the traits associated with pah degradation by a novel serratia marcesencs l-11 strain.polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (pahs) are wide spread industrial pollutants that are released into the environment from burning of coal, distillation of wood, operation of gas works, oil refineries, vehicular emission, and combustion process. in this study a lipolytic bacterium was isolated from mixed stover compost of saccharum munja and brassica campestris. this strain was identified by both classical and 16s ribosomal dna sequencing method and designated as serratia marcesencs l-11. hplc-ba ...201222416870
effects of humic acid on phytodegradation of petroleum hydrocarbons in soil simultaneously contaminated with heavy metals.the use of humic acid (ha) to enhance the efficiency of phytodegradation of petroleum hydrocarbons in soil contaminated with diesel fuel was evaluated in this study. a sample of soil was artificially contaminated with commercially available diesel fuel to an initial total petroleum hydrocarbons (tph) concentration of 2300 mg/kg and four heavy metals with concentrations of 400 mg/kg for pb, 200 mg/kg for cu, 12 mg/kg for cd, and 160 mg/kg for ni. three plant species, brassica campestris, festuca ...201122432335
bcnrt1, a plasma membrane-localized nitrate transporter from non-heading chinese cabbage.a nitrate transporter, bcnrt1, was isolated from non-heading chinese cabbage (brassica campestris ssp. chinensis makino) cultivar 'suzhouqing'. the full-length cdna was obtained using the rapid amplification of cdna ends technique and contains an open reading frame of 1,770 bp that predicts a protein of 589 acid residues that possesses 12 putative transmembrane domains. using the gus marker gene driven by the bcnrt1 promoter, we found bcnrt1 expression to be concentrated in primary and lateral r ...201222539185
microtubule and male sterility in a gene-cytoplasmic male sterile line of non-heading chinese cabbage.microtubules are the basic components of the cytoskeleton in eukaryotic cells and are made up of 13 parallel protofilaments, each composed of α- and β-tubulin unit molecules aligned along the longitudinal axis of the microtubule.201222581783
synthesis and herbicidal potential of substituted aurones.with the objective of exploring the herbicidal activity of substituted aurones, a series of 4,6-disubstituted and 4,5,6-trisubstituted aurones were synthesised, and their herbicidal activities against brassica campestris l. and echinochloa crusgalli (l.) beauv. were evaluated in laboratory bioassays. effects of some of the compounds were evaluated on seed germination. the most active compounds in the laboratory were evaluated in the greenhouse.201222718431
indirect prediction of surface ozone concentration by plant growth responses in east asia using mini-open top chambers.we developed small and mobile open top chambers (mini-otc) measuring 0.6 m (w) × 0.6 m (d) × 1.2 m (h) with an air duct of 0.6 m (w) × 0.23 m (d) × 1.2 m (h). the air duct can be filled with activated charcoal to blow charcoal filtered air (cf) into the chamber, as opposed to non-filtered ambient air (nf). ozone sensitive radish raphanus sativus cv. red chime and rosette pakchoi brassica campestris var. rosularis cv. atu171 were exposed to nf and cf in mini-otcs at different locations in east as ...201322752963
evaluation of rhizospheric pseudomonas and bacillus as biocontrol tool for xanthomonas campestris pv campestris.xanthomonas campestris pv campestris (xcc), causing black rot, is one of the most yield-limiting and destructive pathogens of cruciferous crops. the intention of this study was to evaluate the potential of rhizobacteria in black rot management. fifty-four isolates from rhizosphere soil of brassica campestris were screened against xcc. two isolates namely, ka19 and se, with inhibition radius >11 mm were selected. the combined use of them produced an average inhibition zone of 18.1 ± 1.4 mm radius ...201222806865
[a novel method for extracting leaf-level solar-induced fluorescence of typical crops under cu stress].the leaf-level solar-induced fluorescence changes when the typical crops are under cu stress, which can be considered as a sensitive indicator to estimate the stress level. in the present study, wheat (triticum aestivum l.), pea (pisum sativum l.) and chinese cabbage (brassica campestris l.) were selected and cultured with copper solutions or copper polluted soil with different cu stress. the apparent reflectance of leaves was measured by an asd fieldspec spectrometer and an integrating sphere. ...201222827073
the role of a dark septate endophytic fungus, veronaeopsis simplex y34, in fusarium disease suppression in chinese cabbage.the soil-inhabiting fungal pathogen fusarium oxysporum has been an increasing threat to chinese cabbage (brassica campestris l.). a dark septate endophytic fungus, veronaeopsis simplex y34, isolated from yaku island, japan, was evaluated in vitro for the ability to suppress fusarium disease. seedlings grown in the presence of the endophyte showed a 71% reduction in fusarium wilt disease and still had good growth. the disease control was achieved through a synergetic effect involving a mechanical ...201222923110
effects of ambient and elevated level of ozone on brassica campestris l. with special reference to yield and oil quality parameters.tropospheric ozone (o(3)) has become a serious threat to growth and yield of important agricultural crops over asian regions including india. effect of elevated o(3) (ambient+10ppb) was studied on brassica campestris l. (cv. sanjukta and vardan) in open top chambers under natural field conditions. eight hourly mean ambient o(3) concentration varied from 26.3ppb to 69.5ppb during the growth period. plants under o(3) exposure showed reductions in photosynthetic rate, reproductive parameters, yield ...201222986091
uptake of human pharmaceuticals and personal care products by cabbage (brassica campestris) from fortified and biosolids-amended soils.human pharmaceuticals and personal care products (ppcps) are routinely found in biosolids from wastewater treatment plants (wwtps). once land applied, the ppcps in biosolids are potentially available for plant uptake and bioaccumulation. this study used a greenhouse model to investigate uptake of ppcps commonly detected in biosolids by the agricultural plant chinese cabbage (brassica campestris). two series of greenhouse experiments were conducted as part of this project. in the first set of exp ...201223051741
bcmf11, a novel non-coding rna gene from brassica campestris, is required for pollen development and male fertility.key message : bcmf11 as a non-coding rna gene has an essential role in pollen development, and might be useful for regulating the pollen fertility of crops by antisense rna technology. we previously identified a 828-bp full-length cdna of bcmf11, a novel pollen-specific non-coding mrna-like gene from chinese cabbage (brassica campestris l. ssp. chinensis makino). however, little information is known about the function of bcmf11 in pollen development. to investigate its exact biological roles in ...201323064614
the pollen wall and tapetum are altered in the cytoplasmic male sterile line rc₇ of chinese cabbage (brassica campestris ssp pekinensis).cytoplasmic male sterile line rc(7) of chinese cabbage produces mature anthers without pollen. to understand the mechanisms involved, we examined the ultrastructural changes during development of the microspores. development of microspores was not affected at the early tetrad stage. during the ring-vacuolated period, some large vacuoles appeared in the tapetum cells, making them larger, extending to the anther sac center during the monocyte period. at the same time, the tapetum degenerated as th ...201223079967
[uptake effect of cd and pb by rape under single cd/pb and cd-pb combined stress].this paper investigated the effects of single cd/pb and cd-pb combined pollution of desert grey soils from the oasis regions on the uptake and translocation of cd and pb by rape (brassica campestris l.), and analyzed the interaction between cd and pb. the results of pot experiment showed that the concentration of cd or pb was promoted when the concentration of cd in soil was less than 7.0 mg x kg(-1) and the concentration of pb in soil was less than 1 500 mg x kg(-1) in single cd/pb and cd-pb co ...201223243889
production and characterization of a somatic hybrid of chinese cabbage and cabbage.in order to broaden chinese cabbage gene pool, we conducted interspecific somatic hybridization between chinese cabbage (brassica campestris, 2n=20, aa) and cabbage (b. oleracea, 2n=18, cc). protoplasts were isolated from 10-day-old cotyledons and hypocotyls of young seedlings, and fused by 40% polyethylene glycol (peg). fused cells were cultured in modified k8p liquid medium supplemented with some plant growth regulators. fusion products were characterized by their morphological, cytological an ...201223289310
[degradation and bioaccumulation characteristics of ciprofloxacin in soil-vegetable system].a pot experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of applying ciprofloxacin (cip) on the growth of flowering chinese cabbage (brassica campestris), radish (raphanus sativus), tomato (solanum lycopersicum) and long bean (vigna unguiculata), the bioaccumation of cip in the vegetables, and the degradation of the antibiotics in soil. the results showed that applying 5, 30 and 75 mg x kg(-1) of cip had no significant effects on the plant biomass of flowering chinese cabbage, tomato and long b ...201223359930
[allelopathic effects of streptomyces sp. 6803 on plants].streptomyces can produce an overwhelming majority of known antibiotics and several biologically active compounds, but whether streptomyces can display allelopathic effects on higher plants is largely unknown. in this study, seven actinomyces strains isolated from soils showed inhibitory effect on plant seedlings growth, among which, streptomyces sp. 6803 had strong capability in inhibiting the seedlings growth of brassica campestris and echinochloa crusgalli in both solid and liquid cultures. th ...201223359933
identification of gene expression profile during fertilization in brassica campestris subsp. chinensis.fertilization is controlled by a complex gene regulatory network. to study the fertilization mechanism, we determined time courses of the four developmental stages of fertilization in chinese cabbage pak-choi (brassica campestris subsp. chinensis) by cytological observation. we then used the arabidopsis ath1 microarray to characterize the gene expression profiles of pollinated and unpollinated pistils in b. campestris subsp. chinensis. the result showed 44 up-regulated genes and 33 down-regulate ...201323379337
identification of a novel jasmonate-responsive element in the atjmt promoter and its binding protein for atjmt repression.jasmonates (jas) are important regulators of plant biotic and abiotic stress responses and development. atjmt in arabidopsis thaliana and bcntr1 in brassica campestris encode jasmonic acid carboxyl methyltransferases, which catalyze methyl jasmonate (meja) biosynthesis and are involved in ja signaling. their expression is induced by meja application. to understand its regulatory mechanism, here we define a novel ja-responsive cis-element (jare), g(c)tcctga, in the atjmt and bcntr1 promoters, by ...201323393583
medicinal uses of honey (quranic medicine) and its bee flora from dera ismail khan district, kpk, pakistan.this study was carried out during 2005-2008 to identify existing plant species visited by workers of honeybees for nectar and pollen collection in dera ismail khan (d.i.khan) district, pakistan. the honeybee species investigated in the area were, rock bee (apis dorsata f.), little bee (a. florea f.) and european honeybee (a. mellifera l.). a detailed list of 86 plant species both wild and cultivated was prepared, out of which 12 species, phulai (acacia modesta wall.), sarsoon (brassica campestri ...201323455201
drying behaviour of rapeseed under thin layer conditions.thin layer drying behaviour of rapeseed (toria, brassica campestris) varieties like 'tl-15', 'th-68' and 'sangam' in the temperature range of 30 to 70°c and at constant air velocity of 2 m/sec was studied. the validity of modified page's equation for prediction of drying time was assessed by fitting the experimental drying data. the drying air temperature affected drying time significantly. the effect of variety on drying time was not significant. drying constants of modified page's model were c ...201023572648
identification of differentially accumulating pistil proteins associated with self-incompatibility of non-heading chinese cabbage.non-heading chinese cabbage (brassica campestris l. ssp. chinensis makino), an important vegetable crop in china, exhibits a typical sporophytic self-incompatibility (si) system. to better understand the mechanism of si response and identify potential candidate proteins involved in the si system of this vegetable crop, the proteomic approach was taken to identify differential accumulating pistil proteins. pistils were collected at 0 h and 2 h after self-pollination at anthesis in self-incompatib ...201423581423
generation and identification of brassica alboglabra-brassica campestris monosomic alien addition lines.four monosomic alien addition lines (maals) for brassica alboglabra-brassica campestris were developed through digenomic triploid (acc) backcrossing with the recurrent parent b. alboglabra (cc). the objectives of this study were to compare morphological traits, microsatellite markers (simple sequence repeats), chromosomal karyotypes, and meiotic behaviors. based on the new chromosome nomenclature system established for brassica, we preliminarily identified these maals as cc+a1, cc+a3, cc+a6, and ...201323659701
uptake of di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (dehp) by the plant benincasa hispida and its use for lowering dehp content of intercropped vegetables.uptake of di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (dehp) by the plant benincasa hispida and its use for topical phytoremediation were investigated by cultivation of plants in dehp-contaminated environments. the results showed that major plant organs of b. hispida , including leaves, stems, and fruits, readily absorbed dehp from the air. the amount of dehp that accumulated in leaves, stems, and fruits was mainly dependent upon exposure time, and most dehp accumulated in their inner tissues. a single plant of ...201323675826
oxygen and air nanobubble water solution promote the growth of plants, fishes, and mice.nanobubbles (<200 nm in diameter) have several unique properties such as long lifetime in liquid owing to its negatively charged surface, and its high gas solubility into the liquid owing to its high internal pressure. they are used in variety of fields including diagnostic aids and drug delivery, while there are no reports assessing their effects on the growth of lives. nanobubbles of air or oxygen gas were generated using a nanobubble aerator (buvitas; ligaric company limited, osaka, japan). b ...201323755221
genotypic differences in nitrate uptake, translocation and assimilation of two chinese cabbage cultivars [brassica campestris l. ssp. chinensis (l.)].a hydroponic trial was conducted to investigate genotypic differences in nitrate uptake, translocation and assimilation between low nitrate accumulator l18 and high accumulator h96 of chinese cabbage [brassica campestris l. ssp. chinensis (l.)]. the results suggested that h96 could uptake more nitrate than l18 in the root but lower transport inside leaf cells and assimilation in the leaf. it was showed that root morphology parameters - length, surface area and volume of h96 were 18.0%, 31.6% and ...201323770590
identification of micrornas potentially involved in male sterility of brassica campestris ssp. chinensis using microrna array and quantitative rt-pcr assays.micrornas (mirnas) are a class of newly identified, noncoding, small rna molecules that negatively regulate gene expression. many mirnas are reportedly involved in plant growth, development and stress response processes. however, their roles in the sexual reproduction mechanisms in flowering plants remain unknown. pollen development is an important process in the life cycle of a flowering plant, and it is closely related to the yield and quality of crop seeds. this study aimed to identify mirnas ...201323864334
enantioselective uptake and translocation of a novel chiral neonicotinoid insecticide cycloxaprid in youdonger (brassica campestris subsp. chinensis).for a novel potential commercial chiral pesticide, an independent study on the fate characteristics and residues of each stereoisomer is essential if the application rates for the pesticide and human exposure are to be reduced. the absorption and translocation behavior of a chiral insecticide, cycloxaprid, in plants treated by root immersion and blade smearing was studied using (14)c-labeling tracer techniques. with the root treatment, total absorption of (1r;8s)-cycloxaprid (rs) (12.39%) was mu ...201323873706
maize grain concentrations and above-ground shoot acquisition of micronutrients as affected by intercropping with turnip, faba bean, chickpea, and soybean.most research on micronutrients in maize has focused on maize grown as a monocrop. the aim of this study was to determine the effects of intercropping on the concentrations of micronutrients in maize grain and their acquisition via the shoot. we conducted field experiments to investigate the effects of intercropping with turnip (brassica campestris l.), faba bean (vicia faba l.), chickpea (cicer arietinum l.), and soybean (glycine max l.) on the iron (fe), manganese (mn), copper (cu) and zinc (z ...201323900569
effect of sewage water on mineral nutritive potential of six fodder species grown under semiarid conditions.investigation was performed to assess the effect of different sewage water treatments on the metal status of different fodder species consumed by ruminants under semi-arid conditions. five samples each of six fodder species viz., trifolium alexandrinum, cichorium intybus, avena sativa, medicago polymorpha, brassica campestris and medicago sativa were collected from three fields irrigated with canal water, mix water (canal water and sewage water) and sewage water, respectively. fodder samples wer ...201123961142
design, synthesis and herbicidal activities of novel 4-(1h-pyrazol-1-yl)-6-(alkynyloxy)-pyrimidine derivatives as potential pigment biosynthesis inhibitors.with the objective of finding novel valuable herbicidal candidates, a series of novel 4-(1h-pyrazol-1-yl)-6-(alkynyloxy)-pyrimidine derivatives were synthesised and their herbicide activities were evaluated in vivo.201423966363
occurrence of clubroot on pak-choi caused by plasmodiophora brassicae.clubroot symptoms occurred severely on roots of pak-choi (brassica campestris ssp. chinensis) grown in greenhouses in gwangju city, gyeonggi province, korea in september, 2008. the incidence of the disease symptoms reached as high as 90% in three greenhouses investigated. the root galls collected from the greenhouses were sectioned using a scalpel and observed by light microscope. many resting spores were found in the cells of the root gall tissues. suspension of resting spores was prepared from ...200923983511
the maturation zone is an important target of piriformospora indica in chinese cabbage roots.the mutualistic symbiont piriformospora indica exhibits a great potential in agriculture. the interaction between p. indica and chinese cabbage (brassica campestris cv. chinensis) results in growth and biomass promotion of the host plant and in particular in root hair development. the resulting highly bushy root phenotype of colonized chinese cabbage seedlings differs substantially from reports of other plant species, which prompted the more detailed study of this symbiosis. a large-scale expres ...201324006423
characterisation of cell wall polysaccharides from rapeseed (brassica napus) meal.to enable structural characteristics of individual cell wall polysaccharides from rapeseed (brassica napus) meal (rsm) to be studied, polysaccharide fractions were sequentially extracted. fractions were analysed for their carbohydrate (linkage) composition and polysaccharide structures were also studied by enzymatic fingerprinting. the rsm fractions analysed contained pectic polysaccharides: homogalacturonan in which 60% of the galacturonic acid residues are methyl-esterified, arabinan branched ...201324053853
development of a sensitive monoclonal antibody-based indirect competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for analysing chlorantraniliprole residues.chlorantraniliprole (cap) is a new anthranilic diamide insecticide acting with high efficacy on ryanodine receptors of most of the species within the lepidoptera order and has been used worldwide. to monitor its residue in food and environmental samples, we developed an indirect competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (icelisa), based on monoclonal antibodies. the established icelisa possesses a concentration of producing 50% inhibition (ic50) of 1.60ng/ml. in addition, the assay had the a ...201424054242
microrna expression analysis of rosette and folding leaves in chinese cabbage using high-throughput solexa sequencing.in this study, a global analysis of mirna expression from rosette leaves (rls) and folding leaves (fls) of chinese cabbage (brassica rapa l. ssp. pekinensis) was conducted using high-throughput solexa sequencing. in total, over 12 million clean reads were obtained from each library. sequence analysis identified 64 conserved mirna families in each leaf type and 104 and 95 novel mirnas from rls and fls, respectively. among these, 61 conserved mirnas and 61 novel mirnas were detected in both types ...201324055726
characterization of the small rna transcriptome in plant-microbe (brassica/erwinia) interactions by high-throughput sequencing.non-coding, small rnas (srnas) have been identified in a wide spectrum of organisms ranging from bacteria to humans; however, the role and mechanisms of these srna in plant immunity is largely unknown. to determine possible roles of srna in plant-pathogen interaction, we carried out a high-throughput srna sequencing of brassica campestris using non-infected plants and plants infected with erwinia carotovora. consistent with our hypothesis that distinct classes of host srnas alerts their expressi ...201424126536
stereoselective uptake and distribution of the chiral neonicotinoid insecticide, paichongding, in chinese pak choi (brassica campestris ssp. chinenesis).neonicotinoid chiral insecticidal paichongding is a promising substitute for the widely used imidacloprid. four stereoisomers of paichongding, 5r,7r, 5s,7s, 5s,7r and 5r,7s, were employed in both foliage and roots of chinese pak choi to investigate their stereoselective uptake and distribution in pak choi. results showed that after foliar application, no stereoselective absorption into pak-choi plants was observed among the enantiomers. total absorptions were 35.40% of the applied amount for 5r, ...201324140538
comparison of ascorbic acid biosynthesis in different tissues of three non-heading chinese cabbage cultivars.ascorbic acid (l-asa) is an important antioxidant in plants and humans. vegetables are one of the main sources of ascorbic acid for humans. for instance, non-heading chinese cabbage (brassica campestris ssp. chinensis makino) is considered as one of the most important vegetables in south china. to elucidate the mechanism by which asa accumulates, we systematically investigated the expression profiles of d-mannose/l-galactose pathway-related genes. we also investigated the recycling-related genes ...201324157701
the morphology, cytology, and c-banded karyotypes of brassica campestris, b. oleracea, and b. napus plants regenerated from protoplasts.the behaviour of brassica campestris (2n=20, aa), b. oleracea (2n=18, cc), and b. napus (2n=38, aacc) were studied during a tissue-culturing process. hypocotyl-protoplasts were cultivated into calli from which new plants were regenerated. the regenerated plants were compared, and mitotic root-tip cells were c-banded and karyotyped. a majority of the plants were tetraploid. the meioses were studied in the pmcs. a number of abberations were observed, mainly due to faulty spindle function. there wa ...199624162299
registration of s alleles in brassica campestris l by the restriction fragment sizes of slgs.polymorphism of slg (the s-locus glycoprotein gene) in brassica campestris was analyzed by pcr-rflp using slg-specific primers. nucleotide sequences of pcr products from 15 s genotypes were determined in order to characterise the exact dna fragment sizes detected in the pcr-rflp analysis. forty-seven lines homozygous for 27 s-alleles were used as plant material. one combination of primers, ps5 + ps 15, which had a nucleotide sequence specific to a class-i slg, gave amplification of a single dna ...199624166262
inheritance of oilseed rape (brassica napus) rapd markers in a backcross progeny with brassica campestris.different cultivars/transgenic lines of oilseed rape (brassica napus) were crossed (as females) with different cultivars/populations of brassica campestris. all cross combinations produced seed, with an average seed set per pollination of 9.8. backcrossing of selected interspecific hybrids (as females) to b. campestris resulted in a much lower seed set, average 0.7 seed per pollination. in the single backcross progeny where a large enough population (92 plants) was obtained for analysis, 33 b. n ...199624166276
genetic variation within and among different cultivars and landraces of brassica campestris l. and b. oleracea l. based on isozymes.genetic variation based on isozymes was studied in 43 landraces and cultivars of brassica campestris from china, 4 cultivars of b. campestris from sweden and 1 from india, and 5 cultivars of b. oleracea from sweden and 1 from china (b. alboglabra). a total of 17 isozyme loci was studied, 10 of these were polymorphic in b. campestris and 6 were polymorphic in b. oleracea. the level of heterozygosity seemed to be reduced in the swedish cultivars compared to the chinese landraces and cultivars of b ...199524169784
inheritance of isozymes in brassica campestris l. and genetic divergence among different species of brassiceae.electrophoretic investigations of brassica campestris revealed 8 polymorphic loci that had not been described earlier. the inheritance of 7 of them was determined by crosses between different accessions of b. campestris. a phylogeny of b. campestris, b. nigra, b. alboglabra, sinapis arvensis and s. alba was estimated from the analysis of 15 isozyme loci. the phylogeny showed a close relationship between b. nigra and s. arvensis and a less close relationship between b. campestris and b. oleracea. ...199524169785
accumulation and translocation of 198hg in four crop species.the uptake and transport of mercury (hg) through vegetation play an important role in the biogeochemical cycling of hg. however, quantitative information regarding hg translocation in plants is poorly understood. in the present study, hg uptake, accumulation, and translocation in 4 crops-rice (oryza.sativa l.), wheat (triticum l.), corn (zea mays l.), and oilseed rape (brassica campestris l.)-grown in hoagland solution were investigated using a stable isotope ((198)hg) tracing technique. the dis ...201424173818
isolated microspore culture of chinese flowering cabbage (brassica campestris ssp. parachinensis).microspores of several genotypes of brassica campestris ssp. parachinensis have been cultured in vitro and induced to undergo embryogenesis and plant formation. conditions favourable for embryogenesis in this species include a bud size of 2-2.9 mm, nln-13 culture medium (nitsch and nitsch 1967; lichter 1981, 1982; swanson 1990), and an induction through exposure to 32°c for a period of 48 h. longer periods of an elevated temperature for induction of embryogenesis resulted in embryo abortion at e ...199624178416
a high frequency of intergenomic mitochondrial recombination and an overall biased segregation of b. campestris or recombined b. campestris mitochondria were found in somatic hybrids made within brassicaceae.mitochondrial segregation and rearrangements were studied in regenerated somatic hybrids from seven different species combinations produced using reproducible and uniform methods. the interspecific hybridizations were made between closely or more distantly related species within the brassicaceae and were exemplified by three intrageneric, two intergeneric and two intertribal species combinations. the intrageneric combinations were represented by brassica campestris (+) b. oleracea, b. napus (+) ...199424190472
in vitro selection of endosulfan-tolerant strains of brassica compestris (cv. brown sarson).endosulfan tolerant lines of mustard (brassica campestris cv. brown sarson) have been developed through tissue culture methods. cotyledonary expiants excised from eight day old in vitro grown seedlings were used for inducing callus. fast growing friable callus was then transferred to ms medium containing (0.1-2.0 ugl(-1)) endosulfan for selection. five alternating exposures with and without endosulfan containing medium yielded an endosulfan tolerant cell line (etl). the plants regenerated from e ...199424192881
pollen selection for alternaria resistance in oilseed brassicas: responses of pollen grains and leaves to a toxin of a. brassicae.the effects of destruxin b, a host-specific toxin of alternaria brassicae that causes black spot disease in oilseed brassicas, were studied on in vitro pollen germination and pollen-tube growth of brassica campestris var "brown sarson", b. juncea, b. napus cvs "westar" and "cresor", b. nigra and sinapis alba. pollen grains of b. nigra, b. juncea and b. campestris were the most sensitive and those of s. alba the least sensitive to the toxin. effects of the toxin were also studied on the leaves of ...199324193480
studies on plant regeneration from cotyledonary protoplasts in brassica campestris.protoplasts isolated from both 7-day-old light-grown and 4-day-old dark/dim light-grown cotyledons of four brassica campestris varieties (arlo, sonja, bunyip and wonk bok) were cultured in three liquid media: modified k8p, modified ms and modified pelletier's b to compare the capacities for cell division and plant regeneration. following cell wall regeneration the cultured protoplasts from dark/dim light-grown cotyledons of four varieties showed rapid division and high frequency of cell division ...199424193644
role of polyamines on de novo shoot morphogenesis from cotyledons of brassica campestris ssp. pekinensis (lour) olsson in vitro.the promotive effect of ethylene inhibitors (els), i.e. agno3 and aminoethoxyvinylglycine (avg) on de novo shoot regeneration from cultured cotyledonary explants of brassica campestris ssp. pekinensis cv. shantung in relation to polyamines (pas) was investigated. the endogenous levels of free putrescine and spermidine in the explant decreased sharply after 1-3 days of culture, whereas endogenous spermine increased, irrespective of the absence or presence of els. agno3 at 30 μm did not affect end ...199424193830
agrobacterium-mediated transformation and regeneration of fertile transgenic plants of chinese cabbage (brassica campestris ssp. pekinensis cv. 'spring flavor').a procedure for the regeneration of fertile transgenic chinese cabbage (brassica campestris ssp. pekinensis cv. 'spring flavor') is presented in this report. the protocol is based on infection of cotyledon explants of 5-d-old seedlings with an agrobacterium tumefaciens strain lba4404 carrying a disarmed binary vector ptok/bks-1. the t-dna region of this binary vector contains the nopaline synthase/neomycin phosphotransferase ii (nptii) chimeric gene for kanamycin resistance and the cauliflower m ...199524194308
intergeneric hybridization between diplotaxis siettiana and crop brassicas for the production of alloplasmic lines.intergeneric hybrids were produced between diplotaxis siettiana and brassica campestris through embryo rescue. the hybrids were completely pollen sterile and backcrosses with pollen of b. campestris did not yield any seeds. induction of colchiploidy restored pollen fertility and backcross pollinations yielded viable seeds. cytological details of the hybrid, amphidiploid and backcross progenies were studied. both pollen-sterile and pollen-fertile plants have been obtained in backcross 2 progeny. ...199324196049
bioassembly of acyl lipids in microspore-derived embryos of brassica campestris l.the native lipid composition and the capacity of cell-free extracts to biosynthesize acyl lipids in vitro were determined for the first time using the recently reported microspore-derived (md) embryo system from the brassica campestris low erucic acid line bc-2 (baillie et al. 1992). the total lipid fraction isolated from midcotyledonary stage md embryos (21 days in culture) was composed primarily of triacylglycerol (76%) with an acyl composition quite similar to that of mature bc-2 seed. when i ...199324197336
a brassica campestris-alboglabra addition line and its use for gene mapping, intergenomic gene transfer and generation of trisomics.brassica campestris-alboglabra monosomic addition lines were developed from a trigenomic brassica hybrid (2 n=3 x=29, aac) obtained by backcrossing a resynthesized b. napus (2 n=4 x=38, aacc) line to its parental b. campestris (2 n=2 x=20, aa) line. one addition line was characterized genetically with three loci specific for the alien chromosome and cytologically by meiotic analysis. the following results were obtained. (1) the same chromosome in the b. alboglabra (2 n= 2 x=18, cc) genome carrie ...199224201346
atrazine-resistant cytoplasmic male-sterile-nigra broccoli obtained by protoplast fusion between cytoplasmic male-sterile brassica oleracea and atrazine-resistant brassica campestris.protoplast fusion was used to combine the cytoplasmic traits of atrazine resistance and male sterility in brassica oleracea var. italica (broccoli). leaf protoplasts from broccoli with the petaloid b. nigra type of cytoplasmic male sterility were fused with hypocotyl protoplasts from an atrazine-resistant biotype of b. campestris var. oleifera cv candle (oilseed rape). a total of 19 colonies regenerated shoots, all of which were broccolilike in phenotype, i.e., lacked trichomes. four shoots, all ...199124202359
genetic diversity at isozyme and rflp loci in brassica campestris as related to crop type and geographical origin.twenty accessions of brassica campestris, representing the major crop types and their geographical origin, were tested for gene frequency at five isozyme and four rflp loci. the majority of alleles (67%) were found in all geographic regions. nearly 3 times more alleles were detected at rflp loci than at isozyme loci. genetic diversity among crop types (with the exception of turnip) was similar to diversity estimates of geographical regions, implying that crops used for similar purposes (i.e., oi ...199224202754
in vitro culture of isolated microspores and regeneration of plants in brassica campestris.a protocol previously developed for b. napus microspore culture was modified to produce embryos from several lines of brassica campestris. bud size, genotype, media constituents, and incubation time and temperature were examined. donor plants were grown in a growth cabinet at a day/night temperature of 10/5°c. microspores were isolated from buds 2.0 - 2.9 mm in length and cultured in modified lichter (1982) medium containing 17% sucrose, ph 6.2. after 48 h at 32°c, the incubation medium was repl ...199224203130
agrobacterium-mediated genetic transformation of oilseed brassica campestris: transformation frequency is strongly influenced by the mode of shoot regeneration.protocols were developed for efficient shoot regeneration from hypocotyl and cotyledon explants of oilseed brassica campestris (brown sarson) cv. 'pusa kalyani'. these were used for genetic transformation by an agrobacterium based binary vector carrying neomycin phosphotransferase (npt) gene and β-glucuronidase (gus)-intron gene for plant cell specific expression. transformed plants were recovered from hypocotyl explants at a frequency of 7-13%. addition of silver nitrate markedly enhanced shoot ...199224213158
enhanced shoot regeneration from brassica campestris by silver nitrate.the morphogenetic response of brassica campestris genotype r500 to inhibitors of ethylene biosynthesis and action was investigated. a medium containing 1.0 mg.l(-1) naa, 2.0 mg.l(-1) bap, and 30 or 60 μm agno3 significantly enhanced both the percentage shoot regeneration and the number of shoots per cotyledon expiant. although callus proliferation occurred on hypocotyl segments, no shoots were formed in response to agno3 with expiants older than five days. cotyledons older than six days formed s ...199224213282
inheritance of isozyme and rflp markers in brassica campestris and comparison with b. oleracea.using primarily cdna restriction fragment length polymorphism markers (rflps) previously located to brassica oleracea (cabbage, 2n=18) chromosomes, we initiated a comparative rflp map in an f2 population of b. campestris (turnip x mock pak-choi, 2n=20). as with b. oleracea, the genome of b. campestris showed extensive gene duplication, and the majority of detected duplicated loci were unlinked. only 6 of the 49 identified loci were represented as a single copy, and 3 of these 6 were clustered on ...199124213439
the effects of acetosyringone and ph on agrobacterium-mediated transformation vary according to plant species.expiants of five plant species (allium cepa, antirrhinum majus, brassica campestris. glycine max, and nicotiana tabacum) were co-cultivated with three agrobacterium tumefaciens strains under different conditions to assess the effects of acetosyringone and medium ph on strain virulence. tumours were incited on all dicotyledonous species by strains n2/73 and a281. the presence of acetosyringone during co-cultivation generally enhanced the virulence of these strains, most markedly n2/73 on a. majus ...199124213690
efficient shoot regeneration of brassica campestris using cotyledon explants cultured in vitro.a system has been developed for efficient regeneration of shoots from brassica campestris in vitro. using 4-day old cotyledons with petioles as expiants and a combination of ba and naa in the regeneration media, up to 70% of expiants produced shoots after 2 weeks in culture. the optimal conditions for regeneration were found to include a ba concentration of 2mgl(-1) and naa concentration of 1mgl(-1). light intensity had a profound effect on regeneration potential. the use of silver ions as an in ...199124220709
leaf physiological aspects of nitrogen-use efficiency in brassica campestris l.: quantitative genetic variation across nutrient treatments.quantitative genetic parameters for leaf physiological and whole-plant aspects of nitrogen-use efficiency in brassica camprestris l. were estimated in three nutrient treatments in the greenhouse. narrow-sense heritabilities and genetic correlations varied across treatments for some traits. sire effects were significant for leaf nitrogen content in near-optimal and super-optimal, but not in suboptimal nutrient treatments. additive genetic variation for two estimates of leaf physiological nitrogen ...199124221160
molecular and cytological evidence of deletions in alien chromosomes for two monosomic addition lines of brassica campestris-oleracea.a series of rflp and isozyme markers were followed in the progenies of two alien addition lines of brassica campestris-oleracea. one of the lines, carrying the c genome chromosome 4 as the alien chromosome, was surveyed for six markers. fifty-four percent of the plants carrying alien chromosomes displayed all the expected makers, whereas the rest had one to five markers missing. the second line for c genome chromosome 5 displayed a similar behavior when surveyed for three markers. all three mark ...199124221206
transformation of brassica oleracea with an s-locus gene from b. campestris changes the self-incompatibility phenotype.an slg gene derived from the s-locus and encoding and s-locus-specific glycoprotein of brassica campestris l. was introduced via agrobacterium-mediated transformation into b. oleracea l. a self-incompatible hybrid and another with partial self-compatibility were used as recipients. the transgenic plants were altered in their pollen-stigma interaction and were fully compatible upon self-pollination. reciprocal crosses between the transgenic plants and untransformed control plants indicated that t ...199124221439
relationship between protoplast size and critical field strength in protoplast electropulsing and application to reliable dna uptake in brassica.protoplast diameter, a physical parameter controlling the susceptibility to electropermeation, was observed to vary between different batches of brassica napus and brassica campestris protoplasts. in order to control the permeation field strength associated with the protoplast size, we investigated the mathematical relationship between permeant field strength and protoplast size by measuring electroloading of the calcein dye under conditions that did not alter protoplast survival. a roughly line ...199124221493
geographical influences on content of 10-hydroxy-trans-2-decenoic acid in royal jelly in china.the content of 10-hydroxy-trans-2-decenoic acid (10-hda), a marker compound in royal jelly (rj), is the most important criterion in grading rj for commercial trade and varies with its origin. to identify the effect of geographical origin on 10-hda content in rj, 138 samples were collected from 19 provinces of china (divided into three groups) produced by either apis mellifera ligustica spinola, 1806 or a hybrid of a. m. ligustica and apis mellifera carnica pollman, 1879 and analyzed for moisture ...201324224235
effect of agno3 and aminoethoxyvinylglycine on in vitro shoot and root organogenesis from seedling explants of recalcitrant brassica genotypes.the presence of 1-10 μm aminoethoxyvinylglycine (avg) or 5-30 μm agno3 markedly enhanced shoot regeneration from cotyledon and hypocotyl cultures of eight recalcitrant brassica campestris and b. juncea genotypes tested. expiants of b. campestris ssp. chinensis and ssp. parachinensis grown with a high avg concentration (20 μm), regenerated poorly. all cytokinins tested were equally effective in promoting shoot formation, except that kinetin was inhibitory to shoot regeneration from hypocotyls of ...199024226701
diploid brassica napus somatic hybrids: characterization of nuclear and organellar dna.five somatic hybrids between brassica campestris and b. oleracea were obtained. molecular, morphological and cytological information all suggest that the resynthesized b. napus plants were hybrids. all five plants were diploid (2n=38) and had mainly bivalents at meiosis. seedset was low after selfing but normal after crossing with b. napus. molecular proof of the hybrid nature of these plants was obtained by hybridization of a rdna repeat to total dna. analysis of chloroplast dna restriction pat ...198824232106
rearrangement, amplification, and assortment of mitochondrial dna molecules in cultured cells of brassica campestris.we compared brassica campestris mitochondrial and chloroplast dnas from whole plants and from a 2-year-old cell culture. no differences were observed in the chloroplast dnas (cpdnas), whereas the culture mitochondrial dna (mtdna) was extensively altered. hybridization analysis revealed that the alterations are due entirely to rearrangement. at least two inversions and one large duplication are found in the culture mtdna. the duplication element is shown to have the usual properties of a plant mt ...198924232468
quantitative cytology of the sperm cells of brassica campestris and b. oleracea.pollen grains of brassica campestris l. var. acephala dc and b. oleracea l. were serially sectioned and examined using transmission electron microscopy to determine the three-dimensional organization of sperm cells within the microgametophyte and the quantity of membrane-bound organelles occurring within each cell. sperm cells occur in pairs within each pollen grain, but are dimorphic, differing in size, morphology and mitochondrial content. the larger of the two sperm cells (svn) is distinguish ...198724233007
plant regeneration from isolated microspore cultures of chinese cabbage (brassica campestris spp. pekinensis).isolated microspores of chinese cabbage (brassica campestris ssp. pekinensis) were incubated in modified nn medium containing 10% sucrose in darkness at 33°c for one day followed by culture at 25°c. after 14 days of culture, microspores developed into embryos ranging from globular to cotyledonary stage. plants were regenerated after transfer of embryos to medium containing 3% sucrose and no plant growth regulators.198924233535
mapping the chloroplast genome of triazine resistant canola.the chloroplast of a triazine resistant weed biotype of brassica campestris (bird's rape) has been transferred by repeated back-crossing into an agriculturally important strain, 'tower', of brassica napus to form a triazine resistant cultivar of canola, 'triton', that is low in both erucic acid and thioglucosinolate. in this report, the b. campestris derived chloroplast chromosome of b. napus (cv 'triton') has been cloned into bacterial plasmids and physically mapped for eight restriction enzyme ...198624247607
selection of isoresponsive genotypes in toria (brassica campestris l.) based on the pattern of response to environmental variations: a proposed method.thirty-one toria genotypes were compared with three well-established cultivars, 'ludhiana composite-2', 'k-1' and 'tcsu-2' (standard testers). the genotypes, which were almost identical to a standard tester in response to environmental variations and which also had other desirable characteristics, were considered to be acceptable for commercial cultivation. using this criterion, 'tcsu-7', 'th-5' and 'th-4' were found to be acceptable for commercial cultivation. 'th-4' and 'tcsu-7' were found sup ...198524253013
plant regeneration in callus and suspension cultures of brassica campestris cv. yellow sarson.prolific shoot bud differentiation was induced in callus and suspension cultures of hypocotyl origin in brassica campestris cv. yellow sarson on ms medium supplemented with k (13.9-23.2 μm) or ba (13.3-22.1 μm). plantlets were obtained by rooting the in vitro differentiated shoots. histological studies revealed a unique mode of meristemoid formation.198424253325
genetic divergence among thirty-one genotypes of toria (brassica campestris l.) grown in twelve environments.thirty-one toria genotypes were grown in 12 artificially created environments in order to study genetic divergence. d(2) estimates based on 12 characters were used in obtaining the clustering pattern and inter- and intracluster distances. selection of divergent parents has been made in three ways, i.e., on the basis of (a) genetic divergence exhibited when grown in the richest and most productive environment; (b) stable and consistent values of divergence over all 12 environments and (c) pooled ...198424253702
selection of diverse genotypes for heterosis in yield and response in toria (brassica campestris l.).thirty-one genotypes of toria (brassica campestris l.) were grown in twelve environments and subsequently analysed in order to select potential parents which expressed diversity for both 12 different characters (estimated by mahalanobis' d(2) technique) and response to the environments (estimated on the basis of negative correlation between deviations in seed yield of a pair of genotypes from their respective environmental means). coefficients of determination (r(2)) were also used to measure th ...198524254006
the occurrence of free and bound cytokinins in plasmodia of plasmodiophora brassicae isolated from tissue cultures of clubroots.plasmodia have been isolated from brassica campestris tissue infected with plasmodiophora brassicae. cytokinins were extracted from plasmodia and from the remaining host cytoplasm. fractions were separated in a butanol soluble fraction containing free cytokinins and a water soluble fraction containing bound forms, presumably glucose-6-phosphate derivatives of zeatin and zeatin riboside. the butanol fraction was analysed by high pressure liquid chromatography (hplc). the different glucosides were ...198124258747
fraction i protein analysis of parasexual hybrid plants arabidopsis thaliana + brassica campestris.the polypeptide composition of fraction i protein (ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase) prepared from leaves of two clones of the parasexual hybrid plant arabidopsis thaliana + brassica campestris as well as their parents was analyzed by isoelectric focusing. the protein in hybrid plants contained a heterogenous population of small subunits resulting from the expression of both arbabidopsis and brassica nuclear genes, whereas the large subunit polypeptides, and hence the functional chloroplast ...198124258862
characterization and co-expression analysis of wrky orthologs involved in responses to multiple abiotic stresses in pak-choi (brassica campestris ssp. chinensis).the wrky transcription factor is an important member of the stress-related transcription factors, which mediate diverse abiotic stresses in many plants. however, up until now, the number of wrky members, and the regulatory mechanisms involved in abiotic stress responses in pak-choi (brassica campestris ssp. chinensis), remained unknown.201324267479
molecular characterization of two glutathione peroxidase genes of panax ginseng and their expression analysis against environmental stresses.glutathione peroxidases (gpxs) are a group of enzymes that protect cells against oxidative damage generated by reactive oxygen species (ros). gpx catalyzes the reduction of hydrogen peroxide (h2o2) or organic hydroperoxides to water or alcohols by reduced glutathione. the presence of gpxs in plants has been reported by several groups, but the roles of individual members of this family in a single plant species have not been studied. two gpx cdnas were isolated and characterized from the embryoge ...201424269671
inheritance of seed colour in turnip rape (brassica campestris l.).the inheritance of seed colour was investigated in the progenies of crosses between seven yellow seeded forms and a brown seeded one of turnip rape (brassica campestris l.). seed colour differences were found to be determined in each case by one or two genes with epistatic effect. moreover, independent inheritance of hilum colour was observed. seed colour was predominantly but not completely determined by the maternal parent. in total, two genes for seed colour with epistatic (br 1 br 1; br 6 br ...198224270566
is the 'rejection reaction' inducing ability in sporophytic self-incompatible systems restricted only to pollen and tapetum?the present investigation describes the stigmatic rejection response, induced by anther or pollen at developmental stages ranging from anther primordia to mature pollen, as well as in other floral and vegetative tissues. this has been studied in a sporophytic self-incompatible system, brassica campestris (brassicaceae). the implications of these observations have been discussed.198224270697
are "multiple cross-multiple pollen hybrids" an answer for productive populations in brassica campestris var. 'brown sarson'? : part 3. potential of component characters in population breeding.results on 167 f1 'mucromphs' reported earlier were re-examined with the view of determining the potential of component characters in correct identification of parental gca status and f1 heterosis. it was found that a judicious combination of 'plant' and 'ratio' characters would be of direct usefulness in assessing population performance. the role of seedling characters in the process of making a desired level of multiple cross was illustrated. it was found that h x l mucromphs could provide a b ...198224271374
"arabidobrassica": chromosomal recombination and morphogenesis in asymmetric intergeneric hybrid cells.a somatic hybrid cell line, cloned from an individual protoplast-fusion product between arabidopsis thaliana and brassica campestris, gave rise to formation of numerous plants differing drastically in morphology. analysis of these various regenerants, all of which originated from one and the same heterokaryon derived from the fusion of two cells, shows the unspecific elimination of chromosomes of both parental species during the callus growth phase. whereas the parental cells have so far not bee ...198124275880
chromosome pairing in haploids of brassica campestris.the maximum chromosome pairing observed in haploids of brassica campestris was two bivalents plus one trivalent but differences were observed in the chromosome pairing frequencies of the four haploids studied. this pairing supports the theorem that the species is hexasomic for one chromosome, tetrasomic for two and disomic for three others but it is emphasized that some of the observed pairing might be explained by a phenomenon other than homology.198124276328
isolation of a cdna clone for the acyl carrier protein-i of spinach.a 715 base pair cdna clone coding for an acyl carrier protein (acp) in spinach leaves has been isolated and characterized. the amino acid sequence indicated by the cdna sequence closely matches the amino acid sequence of the acp-i isoform. the presence of polyadenylation and dna sequence coding for a precursor protein with a putative transit peptide, and the absence of hybridization between the cloned dna and isolated spinach plastid dna collectively show that the acp-i gene is nuclear-encoded. ...198724276902
diversity of flora used for the cure of equine diseases in selected peri-urban areas of punjab, pakistan.plants have widely been used and documented for their therapeutic potential in many parts of the world. there are, however, few reports on the use of plants for the treatment of diseases of equines. to this end, participatory epidemiology and rapid rural appraisal techniques were used to document the plants having pharmacotherapeutic significance against different ailments of equines in selected population of punjab, pakistan.201324283263
the dynamic growth exhibition and accumulation of cadmium of pak choi (brassica campestris l. ssp. chinensis) grown in contaminated soils.the accumulation of heavy metals, especially cadmium (cd), in leafy vegetables was compared with other vegetables. pak choi (brassica campestris l. ssp. chinensis) is a leafy vegetable consumed in taiwan and its safety for consumption after growing in contaminated soils is a public concern. a pot experiment (50 days) was conducted to understand the dynamic accumulation of cd by pak choi grown in artificially contaminated soils. the edible parts of pak choi were sampled and analyzed every 2-3 day ...201324284350
determination of three triterpene alcohols in rat plasma after oral administration of pollen of brassica campestris based on the utilization of fetal bovine serum as surrogate matrix.24-dehydropollinstanol (deh), 24-methylene cholesterol (met) and 31-norcycloartenol (nor) are the functional triterpene alcohols of pollen of brassica campestris. to study the pharmacokinetics of the above components of pollen of b. campestris in rats, a liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (lc-ms/ms) method was developed. to avoid the interference of endogenous met in rat plasma, fetal bovine serum (fbs) was selected as surrogate matrix and validated. rat plasma was liquid-liquid extr ...201424291607
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