| early diagnosis and prompt treatment by surgery in jorge lobo's disease (keloidal blastomycosis). | in 1931 the brazilian doctor jorge lobo examined a patient from the amazon basin who had nodular confluent skin lesions over the lumbosacral region and encountered a new fungus pathogenic for man paracoccidioides loboi. this classification was based on the morphological aspect of the parasite which was very similar to paracoccidioides brasiliensis the causative agent of a systemic mycosis paracoccidioidomycosis or south american blastomycosis. other authors use the name loboa loboi. the final de ... | 1981 | 7242649 |
| pathogenesis and immune response to paracoccidioides brasiliensis in the fructivorous bat, artibeus lituratus. | groups of neotropical bats (artibeus lituratus) were inoculated by the intraperitoneal or intranasal routes with varying doses of yeast phase paracoccidioides brasiliensis. bats infected with 10(6) viable yeast cells intraperitoneally developed fatal, disseminated disease, with delayed hypersensitivity appearing within 2 weeks. no precipitating antibodies were detected up to 7 weeks post-exposure. after intranasal instillation of 10(5) viable p. brasiliensis, the disease spread from the lung to ... | 1981 | 7292205 |
| ultrastructural studies on the dimorphism of paracoccidioides brasiliensis, blastomyces dermatitidis and histoplasma capsulatum. | whole cells or cell walls of the yeastlike and mycelial forms of paracoccidioides brasiliensis, blastomyces dermatitidis and histoplasma capsulatum were treated successively with sodium hydroxide, beta-1,3-glucanase and pronase. the microfibrils in the insoluble residues, probably composed of chitin, were examined in the electron microscope. in the yeastlike form, tightly interwoven, randomly oriented microfibrils were seen. on the other hand, in the mycelial form, a large portion of microfibril ... | 1981 | 7323909 |
| demonstration and quantification oomycosis. | using a radioimmunoassay technique, we have determined the total ige concentration and specific ige antibody level against paracoccidioides brasiliensis in the sera of patients with mycologically confirmed active paracoccidioidcosis. patients with aspergilloma, or individuals with antibodies against cadida albicans, and sera of apparently healthy individuals from the endemic area were also examined. the level of total ige was significantly elevated in 9 out of 10 cases of paracoccidioidomycosis. ... | 1980 | 7390639 |
| lipid composition of paracoccidioides brasiliensis: possible correlation with virulence of different strains. | the lipid content and composition of four strains of paracoccidioides brasiliensis were analysed to determine any possible correlation with their virulence for hamsters and mice. two strains, pb168 and pb141, were equal in virulence, pb9 was slightly virulent and pb140 was avirulent under the experimental conditions. no correlation was observed between virulence and the total lipid or phospholipid content of the strains. the lipid yield was highest in pb9 and lowest in pb168. polar lipids were h ... | 1980 | 7391815 |
| in vitro susceptibility testing of paracoccidioides brasiliensis to sulfonamides. | a total of 60 clinical isolates of paracoccidioides brasiliensis were tested for susceptibility to sulfadiazine and sulfadimethoxyne by the agar dilution technique. a modification of the mueller-hinton medium was devised which gave good growth of the yeast form. the minimum inhibitory concentrations for only 51.6% of the isolates were in the range of the recommended blood serum concentration (50 micrograms/ml). for 6 to 8% of the isolates, the minimum inhibitory concentrations were above 200 mic ... | 1980 | 7416744 |
| small forms and hyphae of paracoccidioides brasiliensis in human tissue. | a 53 year-old man had a three-year recurrent respiratory infection. no fungi was detected in sputum examinations. immunodiffusion test with paracoccidiodin revealed two precipitin bands. very small forms and hyphae of a fungus were seen on silver methenamine stained serial sections from lung's lesion. p. brasiliensis was identified on the basis of the rare multibudding small forms. | 1980 | 7421979 |
| lipid composition of paracoccidioides brasiliensis: comparison between the yeast and mycelial forms. | the total lipid extracted from the yeast form of paracoccidioides brasiliensis was twice as much as from the mycelial form. in both morphological forms neutral lipids were predominant and triglycerides were the greatest single component in the extracts. relative percentage of phospholipid was higher in y form than in m form. phosphatidylcholine was predominant in the former and phosphatidylethanolamine in the latter. diphosphatidylglycerol was the most unsaturated lipid in both the forms, and in ... | 1980 | 7455860 |
| natural killer cell activity in experimental paracoccidioidomycosis of the syrian hamster. | the study evaluated the activity of nk cells during the course of experimental infection of hamsters with paracoccidioides brasiliensis. eighty hamsters were infected with p. brasiliensis by intratesticular route and sacrificed at 24h, 48h, 96h, 1, 2, 4, 8 and 11 weeks of infection and compared to 40 noninfected hamsters employed as controls. these animals were submitted to the study of nk cytotoxic activity by a single-cell assay and humoral immune response by immunodiffusion and elisa tests. t ... | 1995 | 7481468 |
| plasma amylase levels as a marker of disease severity in an isogenic murine model of paracoccidioidomycosis. | survival patterns after peritoneal infection with paracoccidioides brasiliensis vary according to the mouse strain and to the virulence of the fungal isolate. it has previously been observed that a significant increase in plasma amylase levels occurs only when susceptible mice (b10.a) were infected with a virulent isolate (pb18). in order to verify if increased amylase levels correlate with susceptibility to p. brasiliensis infection, 12 mouse strains with different susceptibility patterns to th ... | 1994 | 7515958 |
| nature of the reactive epitopes in paracoccidioides brasiliensis polysaccharide antigen. | fava nettos' polysaccharide antigen (fnpa), shown to detect humoral and cellular responses in paracoccidioidomycosis, was investigated. skin tests with fnpa were negative after alkaline hydrolysis or depletion of gp43 peptide epitopes. purified antibodies to fnpa or gp43 from paracoccidioidomycosis patients cross-reacted, showing common epitopes and fnpa-specific ones. normal human sera, in contrast to paracoccidioidomycosis sera, were unreactive with gp43 but recognized epitopes of fnpa suscept ... | 1994 | 7515959 |
| a comparative study of four different staining methods for estimation of live yeast form cells of paracoccidioides brasiliensis. | a comparative study of four different staining methods for estimation of live yeast form cells of paracoccidioides brasiliensis was carried out. the staining methods used were fluorescent staining, vital dye exclusion tests with erythrosin b and by janus green and lactophenol cotton blue staining. colony forming units (cfu) of the yeast form of eight p. brasiliensis isolates on brain heart infusion agar (bhia) supplemented with 4% horse serum plus 5% p. brasiliensis cell extract (bhia + hs + ext ... | 1993 | 7517514 |
| fungal polysaccharides. | fungal polysaccharides are cell wall components which may act as antigens or as structural substrates. as antigens, the role of mannans in saccharomyces cerevisiae and candida albicans, and of glycoproteins in aspergillus fumigatus are discussed. analyses on beta-glucan synthetase in paracoccidioides brasiliensis and the inhibitory effect of hansenula mrakii killer toxin on beta-glucan biosynthesis are also considered. | 1994 | 7536840 |
| effect of macrophage blockade on the resistance of inbred mice to paracoccidioides brasiliensis infection. | the effect of macrophage blockade on the natural resistance and on the adaptative immune response of susceptible (b10.d2/osn) and resistant (a/sn) mice to paracoccidioides brasiliensis infection was investigated. b10.d2/osn and a/sn mice previously injected with colloidal carbon were infected ip with yeast cells to determine the 50% lethal dose, and to evaluate the anatomy and histopathology, macrophage activation, antibody production and dth reactions. macrophage blockade rendered both resistan ... | 1995 | 7566066 |
| paracoccidioides brasiliensis. a mycologic and immunochemical study of a sample isolated from an armadillo (dasipus novencinctus). | a sample of p. brasiliensis isolated from the spleen and the liver of an armadillo (dasipus novencinctus) has been analysed under a mycological and immunochemical viewpoint. the armadillo was captured in an area of tucuruí (state of pará, brazil), the animal being already established as an enzootic reservoir of p. brasiliensis at that region of the country. this sample maintained in the fungal collection of the tropical medicine institute of são paulo (brazil) numbered 135, has got all the chara ... | 1995 | 7569639 |
| unraveling the secrets of histoplasma capsulatum. a model to study morphogenic adaptation during parasite host/host interaction. | early in the developmental period of microbiology, pasteur first observed the phenomenon of dimorphism in fungi when he noticed that the bread mold mucor grew as a filamentous mold aerobically on the surface of broth cultures but at the bottom of the flask where the environment was anaerobic it reproduced as budding yeast cells. several infectious fungal pathogens of humans, namely histoplasma capsulatum, blastomyces dermatitidis, paracoccidioides brasiliensis, sporothrix schenkii, and coccidioi ... | 1995 | 7571855 |
| granulomatous reaction in the hamster cheek pouch induced by killed paracoccidioides brasiliensis. | we have studied the role of paracoccidioides brasiliensis viability in the morphology of paracoccidioidomycotic granulomas in the hamster cheek pouch, an immunologically privileged site. naive (n = 75) and previously sensitized (n = 50) two-month old male hamsters (mesocricetus auratus) were inoculated into the pouch with 5 x 10(5) live or heat- or formalin-killed fungi. previously sensitized animals presented a positive footpad test and immunodiffusion demonstrable antibodies (titer 1/32), at t ... | 1995 | 7581043 |
| paracoccidioides brasiliensis expresses both glycosylphosphatidylinositol-anchored proteins and a potent phospholipase c. | this study reports, for the first time, the detection of glycosylphosphatidylinositol (gpi) membrane anchors in proteins of a pathogenic fungus, paracoccidioides brasiliensis. taking into account that fungal antigens are found in the sera of paracoccidioidiomycosis patients and that cleavage of this glycolipid by phospholipases is a means of selective protein release, the presence of an enzyme with this property has also been investigated. using a methodological approach in which the proteins we ... | 1995 | 7614372 |
| characterization of an exocellular serine-thiol proteinase activity in paracoccidioides brasiliensis. | an exocellular proteinase activity has been characterized in paracoccidioides brasiliensis culture filtrates. chromatographic analysis showed that the activity was eluted from an anion-exchange resource q column at 0.08-0.1 m nacl, and by gel filtration near ovalbumin elution, in a single peak. purification of the proteinase, however, was hampered by the low protein yield, in contrast to the high peptidase activity. numerous chromogenic peptidyl p-nitroanilide derivatives and internally quenched ... | 1995 | 7619058 |
| influence of the genetic pattern and sex of mice in experimental paracoccidioidomycosis. | eight genetically different strains of mice were compared regarding the dissemination of paracoccidioides brasiliensis to the lungs, liver and omentum/pancreas, dth responses and specific antibody production at 16 weeks after intraperitoneal infection with pb18, a virulent p. brasiliensis isolate. the degree of dissemination of the infection varied: b10.a and c57b1/6, the most susceptible mouse strains, had positive cultures and high colony-forming unit (cfu) counts in all analysed organs. dba/2 ... | 1995 | 7621580 |
| differential correlation between interleukin patterns in disseminated and chronic human paracoccidioidomycosis. | in an attempt to understand better the immunoregulatory disorders in paracoccidioidomycosis (pcm), the possible correlation between interleukin pattern, lymphoproliferation, c-reactive protein (crp) and specific antibody levels was investigated in the polarized clinical forms of this disease. we studied 16 pcm patients, eight with the disseminated disease (four under treatment and four non-treated) and eight with the chronic disease. the patients with disseminated disease exhibited high antibody ... | 1995 | 7648715 |
| the role of somatic structure of the fungus paracoccidioides brasiliensis upon b cell activation in experimental paracoccidioidomycosis. | in this study, we report an increase of the number of antibody-secreting cells and the augmentation of antibody production against unrelated antigens in mice infected with the fungus p. brasiliensis, as well as in mice inoculated with cell wall preparation isolated from p. brasiliensis (cw). the immunomodulatory effect of the live fungus and the cw preparation was dose-dependent, and their actions were mainly restricted to the i.v. or i.p. inoculation simultaneously with the sheep erythrocyte ch ... | 1995 | 7648716 |
| cloning and nucleotide sequence of a specific dna fragment from paracoccidioides brasiliensis. | we cloned and sequenced a species-specific 110-bp dna fragment from paracoccidioides brasiliensis. the dna fragment was generated by pcr with primers complementary to the rat beta-actin gene under a low annealing temperature. comparison of the nucleotide sequence, after excluding the primers, with those in the genbank database identified approximately 60% homology with an exon of a major surface glycoprotein gene from pneumocystis carinii and a fragment of unknown function in saccharomyces cerev ... | 1995 | 7650207 |
| delayed hypersensitivity test with paracoccidioidin in captive latin american wild mammals. | the aim of this investigation was to study epidemiological aspects of paracoccidioidomycosis, the main endemic systemic mycosis in brazil. this study was carried out using the paracoccidioidin delayed hypersensitivity test in 96 latin american wild mammals, including 49 arboreal animals (primates): 33 cebus apella (weeping-capuchin), 16 callithrix jacchus (marmoset); and 47 terrestrial animals (carnivora): 37 nasua nasua (coatimundi), and 10 felidae [panthera onca (jaguar), felis paradalis (ocel ... | 1995 | 7650577 |
| severe juvenile type paracoccidioidomycosis in an adult. | paracoccidioidomycosis has recently been classified into juvenile (acute) and adult (chronic) forms. the latter affects middle-aged men and causes mucocutaneous lesions, while the more rare juvenile form affects the reticuloendothelial system of children and adults of both sexes under 30 years of age. it is not yet known, however, if the patient's age has a role in determining the immune response patterns to the fungus and the evolution to one form or the other. we present a 45-year-old man who ... | 1995 | 7650582 |
| lack of reactivity of paracoccidioidomycosis sera in the double immunodiffusion test with the gp43 antigen: report of two cases. | sera from two patients with chronic active paracoccidioidomycosis yielded negative double immunodiffusion results with a culture filtrate antigen from paracoccidioides brasiliensis routinely used in our laboratory. complement fixation tests were positive for both sera using a polysaccharide-rich antigen. this study reports the results of a more extensive serological investigation of these two sera. both a somatic antigen and a saline extract from the fungus yielded positive results in the double ... | 1995 | 7658301 |
| responses of t and b lymphocytes to a paracoccidioides brasiliensis cell wall extract in healthy sensitized and nonsensitized subjects. | antigen-specific cellular immunity in paracoccidioidomycosis (pcm) has been poorly studied due to lack of standard in vitro lymphocyte proliferation assays. to standardize such an assay, we studied t and b cell responses to a paracoccidioides brasiliensis cell wall extract (pbag) in healthy subjects sensitized to either p. brasiliensis [pb(+)hc(-)] or to histoplasma capsulatum [hc(+)pb(-)], and in nonsensitized persons. all subjects showed, as expected, a vigorous proliferative response to a con ... | 1995 | 7677223 |
| combined histochemical stains in the differential diagnosis of cryptococcus neoformans. | three combinations of histochemical stains were used to study 69 routinely processed tissues containing various "yeast-like" fungal organisms (cryptococcus neoformans, blastomyces dermatitidis, coccidioides immitis, histoplasma capsulatum, paracoccidioides brasiliensis, and candida albicans). fontana-masson stain combined either with mucicarmine or alcian blue produced distinctive staining of c. neoformans (fontana-masson-positive wall and mucin-positive capsule) that was not identified in other ... | 1993 | 7678937 |
| characterization of paracoccidioides brasiliensis isolates by random amplified polymorphic dna analysis. | we initially used 25 different random primers in order to test their ability to generate random amplified polymorphic dna fragments from the dimorphic human pathogenic fungus paracoccidioides brasiliensis. from the tested primers we chose five to distinguish between seven isolates of this microorganism. the dna amplification patterns allowed clear differentiation of the seven isolates into two distinct groups with only 35% genomic identity. one of these groups contained two subgroups with 81% ge ... | 1995 | 7714219 |
| pulmonary paracoccidioidomycosis in resistant and susceptible mice: relationship among progression of infection, bronchoalveolar cell activation, cellular immune response, and specific isotype patterns. | using the intraperitoneal route of infection, we demonstrated previously that a/sn mice are resistant and b10.a mice are susceptible to paracoccidioides brasiliensis infection. since paracoccidioidomycosis is a deep systemic granulomatous disorder that involves primarily the lungs and then disseminates to other organs and systems, we herein investigated the course of the infection and the resulting immune responses developed by a/sn and b10.a mice after intratracheal infection with p. brasiliens ... | 1995 | 7729885 |
| paracoccidioides brasiliensis protoplast production by enzymatic treatment. | the action of the enzymes novozym 234, chitinase and zymolyase 20t on the yeast-like cells of paracoccidioides brasiliensis was studied in an attempt to obtain protoplast release. three enzyme systems were used: the first consisted of novozym 234 and chitinase plus 0.2 m phosphate buffer, 0.9 m sorbitol and 0.5 m sodium thioglycolate; the second consisted of novozym 234, chitinase, zymolyase 20t, buffer and osmotic stabilizer, with no sodium thioglycolate; the third consisted of the same enzymes ... | 1994 | 7746289 |
| structural alterations in candida albicans by caffeine and caffeine salts. | cytological alterations of candida albicans following exposure to subinhibitory concentrations of caffeine and caffeine salts were examined by light and transmission electron microscopy (tem). the effect was different from that induced by ketoconazole. caffeine and especially caffeine salts caused an increase in unusual modes of proliferation with signs of multiple budding in candida albicans. structurally, such yeast cells present some resemblance to paracoccidioides brasiliensis. | 1994 | 7746292 |
| experimental paracoccidioidomycosis of hamster inoculated in the cheek pouch. | we compared the granuloma morphology and immune response of hamsters inoculated with paracoccidioides brasiliensis (pb) into the cheek pouch, which lacks lymphatic drainage, and into the footpad, which is rich in lymphatics. our objective was to better understand the modulation of pb granuloma in an immunocompetent animal inoculated in an immunologically privileged site. the humoral immune response (elisa) and cell mediated immunity (footpad test) became positive on days 7 and 14, respectively i ... | 1994 | 7777036 |
| fibrosis patterns of lesions developed by athymic and euthymic mice infected with paracoccidioides brasiliensis. | athymic and euthymic mice with balb/c background were used to study the patterns of fibrosis during ip infection with a virulent isolate of paracoccidioides brasiliensis. specimens from various organs were collected from the animals at 1, 4 and 7 weeks after infection and observed under light microscopy using various histologic staining methods. lesions from the first week of infection, in both animal groups, presented a predominance of collagen iii over i, carboxylated proteoglycans, and a tend ... | 1994 | 7787813 |
| characterization of glycoprotein gp43, the major laminin-binding protein of paracoccidioides brasiliensis. | we have demonstrated that laminin mediates the adhesion of p. brasiliensis to monolayers of epithelial cells through specific binding to the surface glycoprotein gp43. this binding seems to be related to the fungal pathogenesis. we now report the confirmation of these findings by scanning electron microscopy and show that some isolates that do not secrete gp43 do express the protein as seen by studying whole cell extracts. these results confirm the ability of these strains to produce paracoccidi ... | 1994 | 7787814 |
| monoclonal antibody capture enzyme immunoassay for detection of paracoccidioides brasiliensis antibodies in paracoccidioidomycosis. | four murine monoclonal antibodies (mabs 17c, 21a, 21f, and 32b) raised against the 43-kda glycoprotein of paracoccidioides brasiliensis were tested in a capture enzyme immunoassay (eia) for the detection of specific human anti-gp43 immunoglobulin g in patients with paracoccidioidomycosis (pcm). all mabs reacted similarly in the assay. these mabs, which detected anti-gp43 at levels of as low as 500 pg/ml, were demonstrated to specifically recognize at least two different epitopes in gp43 binding ... | 1994 | 7814469 |
| phylogeny of dermatophytes and dimorphic fungi based on large subunit ribosomal rna sequence comparisons. | the phylogeny of dermatophytes and dimorphic fungi was considered using the large-subunit of ribosomal rna (25s rrna). aligned sequences of 595 nucleotides covering the two most divergent domains d1 and d2, permitted a comparison of phylogenetic relationships at different levels. the dimorphic species (onygenaceae) were significantly separated from dermatophytes (arthrodermataceae) and from a third group including geophilic or very weakly pathogenic species (onygenaceae and gymnoascaceae). on a ... | 1994 | 7844699 |
| production and regeneration of protoplasts from the y-phase of the human pathogenic fungus paracoccidioides brasiliensis. | protoplasts of y-cells and partially converted m-cells from several human isolates of paracoccidioides brasiliensis were obtained with a combined enzyme system containing novozym 234 and a chitinase. a laboratory made extract from trichoderma harzianum cbs-345-33 supplemented with chitinase induced the release of protoplasts from partially converted m-cells but not from established y-cells. a similar yield of protoplasts (1-2 x 10(5) ml-1 after 16 h) was produced by using either enzymatic system ... | 1994 | 7844703 |
| experimental paracoccidioidomycosis in hamster: transmission electron microscopy of inoculation site lesion. | interaction between paracoccidioides brasiliensis (pb) and inflammatory cells in hamster testis was studied sequentially by transmission electron microscopy. in early lesions (six hours after inoculation), polymorphonuclear neutrophils (pmns) were the major and mononuclear cells and eosinophils were the minor constituents of the inflammatory cells. pmns were later replaced by mononuclear cells. viable pb cells were phagocytosed or surrounded by inflammatory cells. preserved pb cells usually had ... | 1994 | 7855485 |
| human alpha beta and gamma delta t cells from unexposed individuals respond to protein antigens of the yeast form of paracoccidioides brasiliensis. | paracoccidioides brasiliensis, a dimorphic fungus, causes chronic granulomatous mycosis in susceptible individuals. different reports have shown that cell-mediated immunity is essential for protection against systemic mycosis, including paracoccidioidomycosis. we analyzed the reactivity of alpha beta and gamma delta t cells from unexposed caucasian donors to p. brasiliensis yeast form components. our results indicate: (i) alpha beta and gamma delta t cells proliferate after in vitro stimulation ... | 1994 | 7865465 |
| chemiluminescent immunoassays: discrimination between the reactivities of natural and human patient antibodies with antigens from eukaryotic pathogens, trypanosoma cruzi and paracoccidioides brasiliensis. | quantitative chemiluminescent enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) and dot-blotting procedures were developed to evaluate the reactivity of human antibodies with crude antigens and purified molecules of parasites and fungi, mainly trypanosoma cruzi and paracoccidioides brasiliensis. reproducible, highly sensitive, and strictly dose-responding results were obtained, with the specificity depending on the kind of antigen used. mixed antigens (epimastigote membrane and hiv-1 heptapeptide) appli ... | 1994 | 7869183 |
| causes of death in renal transplant recipients: a study of 102 autopsies from 1968 to 1991. | a study was conducted on 102 patients submitted to renal transplant who died and were autopsied at the university hospital, faculty of medicine of ribeirão preto, brazil, from 1968 to 1991. the cause of death, based on a review of medical records and autopsy reports, was assigned to one of the following categories: infectious (69.6%); cardiovascular (12.7%); gastrointestinal (7.8%); graft rejection (6.9%); tumoral (2.0%); and undetermined (1.0%). among the 71 cases of death caused by infection, ... | 1995 | 7884765 |
| human cord blood t-cell receptor alpha beta cell responses to protein antigens of paracoccidioides brasiliensis yeast forms. | paracoccidioides brasiliensis causes a chronic granulomatous mycosis, prevalent in south america, and cell-mediated immunity represents the principal mode of protection against this fungal infection. we investigated the response of naive cord blood t cells to p. brasiliensis lysates. our results show: (1) p. brasiliensis stimulates t-cell expansion, interleukin-2 (il-2) production and differentiation into cytotoxic t cells; (2) t-cell stimulation depends on p. brasiliensis processing and major h ... | 1995 | 7890308 |
| paracoccidioides brasiliensis-stimulated human gamma/delta t cells support antibody production by b cells. | paracoccidioidomycosis patients show hyperactive humoral immune responses. consequently, we investigated whether cytokines in supernatants from paracoccidioides brasiliensis-stimulated gamma/delta t cells support b-cell activation. we detected proliferation of b cells and increased immunoglobulin m (igm) and igg production. thus, gamma/delta t cells may participate in polyclonal b-cell activation during paracoccidioidomycosis. | 1995 | 7890430 |
| viability and morphological alterations of paracoccidioides brasiliensis strains preserved under mineral oil for long periods of time. | we evaluated the survival and the morphological alteration of 70 strains of paracoccidioides brasiliensis maintained in the fungal culture collection of institute oswaldo cruz and initially preserved by successive subculturing and later under mineral oil at room temperature from 1923 to 1992. of the 70 strains preserved under mineral oil, 18 (26%) continued to be viable. the mycelia of the 18 viable strains and the mycelia of four representatives of the non-viable strains presented transitional ... | 1994 | 7898512 |
| classical and alternative complement pathway activation in paracoccidioidomycosis. | the following study presents evidence of complement activation in paracoccidioidomycosis (pcm). twenty-eight untreated patients were studied from endemic areas of parana in southern brazil. the activation of the classical pathway, evaluated by the c4d/c4 ratio, was significantly elevated in the patients compared to the control population (p < 0.005). six patients were examined prospectively with the c4d/c4 assay during treatment and they showed a decrease in this ratio associated with clinical i ... | 1994 | 7921333 |
| delayed-type hypersensitivity response in an isogenic murine model of paracoccidioidomycosis. | the specific delayed-type hypersensitivity (dth) response was evaluated in resistant (a/sn) and susceptible (b10.a) mice intraperitoneally infected with yeasts from a virulent (pb18) or from a non-virulent (pb265) paracoccidioides brasiliensis isolates. both strains of mice were footpad challenged with homologous antigens. pb18 infected a/sn mice developed an evident and persistent dth response late in the course of the disease (90th day on) whereas b10.a animals mounted a discrete and ephemeral ... | 1994 | 7935728 |
| phylogenetic spectrum of fungi that are pathogenic to humans. | recent phylogenetic studies based on ribosomal rna sequences have confirmed that the organisms traditionally treated as fungi include those that have evolved from several different lines (multiphyletic organisms), as has been suspected. even organisms causing disease in humans represent at least two evolutional lines. pythium insidiosum and prototheca species are both believed to have evolved from one line, while the rest of the pathogens have evolved from another line. p. insidiosum is more clo ... | 1994 | 7948565 |
| infection and apparent invasion of vero cells by paracoccidioides brasiliensis. | paracoccidioides brasiliensis probably uses many different mechanisms to establish itself in the host and cause disease. in this work, we assess an in vitro model system which uses cultured mammalian cells to investigate the virulence factors of p. brasiliensis. we were able to demonstrate an invasion process of the yeast form of this fungus in vero cell cultures. we deduced that the overall invasive process involved three steps: adhesion, followed by invasion of individual epithelial cells and ... | 1994 | 7965489 |
| chromosome aberrations in lymphocyte cultures from paracoccidioidomycosis patients. | blood cell lymphocyte chromosomes from untreated (ut) and clinically-cured (cc) patients with paracoccidioidomycosis and from healthy (control) people (co) were studied. the frequency of aneuploid cells in the ut patients was higher than in the cc and co individuals. the frequency of metaphase cells with premature centromere division was significantly higher in the ut than in the cc and co group. no structural aberration and no statistically significant difference in the frequency of polyploidy ... | 1994 | 7965490 |
| alkaline phosphatase at the cell wall of the yeast phase of paracoccidioides brasiliensis. | the activity of alkaline phosphatase demonstrated by histochemical techniques was shown at the cell wall of the yeast form of paracoccidioides brasiliensis at 3, 6, and 9 days of culture. the results showed a very active deposition at the cell wall as early as 9 days of culture of the fungus which made us think an inactive salt precipitate was also present. | 1994 | 7984214 |
| [comparative study of the pathogenicity and antigenicity of 6 paracoccidioides brasiliensis strains]. | a comparative study of antigenicity and pathogenicity for rats of six paracoccidioides brasiliensis strains was carried out. the antigenic capacity "in vitro" of cytoplasmic extract from each strain was determined by immunodiffusion test against 6 serum samples obtained from rats experimentally infected with paracoccidioides brasiliensis, that had presented positive reactions with a metabolic control antigen. the cytoplasmic extracts were used at final concentration of 100 mg/ml. all of them sho ... | 1993 | 7997758 |
| [paracoccidioidomycosis evidencing spinal cord involvement treated with success by fluconazole]. | the involvement of central nervous system in paracoccidiodomycosis has rarely been described, with an incidence rate varying from 9.99% to 27.27%. there are two basic forms of clinical presentation: meningeal and tumor-like (abscesses, granulomas, nodules, and cysts). the paracoccidioides brasiliensis is preferentially described in cerebral hemispheres, cerebellum, medulla oblonga and meninges, and exceptionally in the spinal cord. the authors present a case of paracoccidioidomycosis which diagn ... | 1994 | 8002815 |
| [the evaluation of ketoconazole in mice inoculated with paracoccidioides brasiliensis by liver and spleen histopathology and by the intradermal paracoccidioidin reaction]. | male albino mice were inoculated intravenously with 0.5 x 10(7) viable yeast forms of p. brasiliensis (strain 2052). these animals were treated with two doses of ketoconazole (50 and 100 mg/kg) during fifty days and the sacrificed. we studied the presence of p. brasiliensis, the inflammatory granulomatous response of liver and spleen and the anti p. brasiliensis delayed hypersensitivity response measured by the footpad test after 48 hours. it was observed that: 1. animals infected and treated wi ... | 1994 | 8008914 |
| specific digestive deficiency of phagocytes in paracoccidioidomycosis. its absence in peripheral blood neutrophils of members of the nuclear family of patients. an initial report. | paracoccidioidomycosis (para) affects only a minority of individuals, who have presumably been exposed to the causative fungus (paracoccidioides brasiliensis). neutrophils (pmns) from patients with para show a significant and specific digestive deficiency phagocytosed p. brasiliensis in vitro. it is not known whether the defect is acquired after contact with the fungus, or precedes it. we studied the spouses and offspring of three patients with para. individuals studied stayed in the same house ... | 1993 | 8015557 |
| involvement of cell wall glucans in the genesis and persistence of the inflammatory reaction caused by the fungus paracoccidioides brasiliensis. | the role of cell wall polysaccharides in leucocyte recruitment and granuloma formation in paracoccidioidomycosis was investigated. the inflammatory cells recruitment to the peritoneal cavity in rats inoculated with cell wall fraction (cw-265 or f1-265) from an avirulent strain of paracoccidioides brasiliensis (pb265), was greater than that observed for the cell wall fraction (cw-hc or f1-hc) recovered from the virulent strain (pbhc). moreover, the inoculation of f1-hc and f1-265 into the subcuta ... | 1994 | 8025684 |
| comparative evaluation of chemiluminescent dna probe assays and exoantigen tests for rapid identification of blastomyces dermatitidis and coccidioides immitis. | chemiluminescent dna probe (accuprobe) assays developed by gen-probe, inc. (san diego, calif.), for the rapid identification of blastomyces dermatitidis and coccidioides immitis were evaluated and compared with the exoantigen test by using 74 mycelial cultures of b. dermatitidis and 72 mycelial cultures of c. immitis. seventeen isolates of the dimorphic pathogen paracoccidioides brasiliensis were included because of their gross morphologic and antigenic relatedness to b. dermatitidis. the hetero ... | 1994 | 8027336 |
| pathogenicity and immunogenicity of paracoccidioides brasiliensis isolates in the human disease and in an experimental murine model. | the pathogenicity and immunogenicity of six recently isolated paracoccidioides brasiliensis samples derived from patients presenting distinct and well defined clinical forms of paracoccidioidomycosis (pcm) were compared as to their virulence, tropism to different organs and ability to induce specific cellular and humoral immune response in susceptible (b10.a) inbred mice. isolates pb44 and pb47 were obtained from acute cases, pb50 from a chronic severe form, pb45 from a chronic moderate case and ... | 1994 | 8033408 |
| altered expression of surface alpha-1,3-glucan in genetically related strains of blastomyces dermatitidis that differ in virulence. | recent studies of the dimorphic fungal pathogens histoplasma capsulatum and paracoccidioides brasiliensis have suggested a role in virulence for the cell surface carbohydrate alpha-(1,3)-glucan. to investigate a possible basis for alpha-(1,3)-glucan in the pathogenicity and virulence of the dimorphic fungus blastomyces dermatitidis, we examined three genetically related strains of b. dermatitidis that differ in their virulence for mice: wild-type virulent strain atcc 26199; mutant strain atcc 60 ... | 1994 | 8039925 |
| paracoccidioidin and histoplasmin sensitivity in tupí-mondé amerindian populations from brazilian amazonia. | a cross-sectional epidemiological survey for paracoccidioidomycosis and histoplasmosis, including skin tests with paracoccidioidin and histoplasmin, physical examinations and x-rays, was conducted among three tupí-mondé amerindian populations from brazilian amazonia. the study followed the diagnosis of an increasing number of cases of paracoccidioidomycosis among the suruí in recent years. positivity rates to paracoccidioidin and histoplasmin (> or = 5 mm of intradermal induration 24-48 h post-i ... | 1994 | 8067815 |
| immunohistochemical detection of a novel 22- to 25-kilodalton glycoprotein of paracoccidioides brasiliensis in biopsy material and partial characterization by using species-specific monoclonal antibodies. | two murine monoclonal antibodies (mabs) specific to paracoccidioides brasiliensis (as determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay [elisa] and western blot [immunoblot]) were produced by using a modification of standard hybridization protocols, with cyclophosphamide included as an immunomodulator to abolish responses to highly cross-reactive immunodominant epitopes. mabs ps14 and ps15 are two different clones which exhibit similar characteristics by elisa and western blot. they are directed a ... | 1994 | 8077405 |
| severe acute paracoccidioidomycosis in children. | this report describes clinical and immunologic features of five illustrative cases of paracoccidioidomycosis in previously healthy children. all had disseminated disease and two of them died despite treatment. the major clinical presentation in four patients was fever and diffuse superficial and intraabdominal adenopathy, with or without hepatosplenomegaly. other sites were also affected: three patients had multiple osteoarticular lesions, occasionally with intense tissue destruction; two had cu ... | 1994 | 8078739 |
| synthesis of heat-shock proteins in mycelia and yeast forms of paracoccidioides brasiliensis. | the induction of heat-shock proteins has been postulated to play a role not only in thermo-adaptation, but also in phase transition of the dimorphic fungi. in this study, we used yeast and mycelial forms of the thermally dimorphic fungus paracoccidioides brasiliensis to evaluate the effect of temperature on the induction of the heat-shock response. we also evaluated protein synthesis by p. brasiliensis caused by exposure to low ph and h2o2. analysis of protein synthesis by sds-page disclosed tha ... | 1994 | 8107061 |
| support of paracoccidioides brasiliensis multiplication by human monocytes or macrophages: inhibition by activated phagocytes. | the interaction of human monocytes or monocyte-derived macrophages and yeast-form paracoccidioides brasiliensis was studied in vitro. yeast cells were readily ingested by adherent monocytes or macrophages. multiplication of p. brasiliensis, measured by growth as colony forming units (cfu) on a supplemented medium with good plating efficiency, was greater in monocyte co-cultures compared to the number of cfu obtained from complete tissue-culture medium (ctcm). multiplication increased with time i ... | 1994 | 8114064 |
| binding of paracoccidioides brasiliensis to laminin through surface glycoprotein gp43 leads to enhancement of fungal pathogenesis. | extracellular matrix protein laminin binds specifically to yeast forms of paracoccidioides brasiliensis and enhances adhesion of the fungus to the surface of epithelial madin-darby canine kidney cells in vitro. immunoblotting of fungal extracts showed that the gp43 glycoprotein is responsible for adhesion. this was confirmed by binding assays using purified gp43, with a kd of 3.7 nm. the coating of p. brasiliensis yeast forms with laminin before injection into hamster testicles enhanced the fung ... | 1994 | 8132354 |
| inhibitory effect of deferoxamine or macrophage activation on transformation of paracoccidioides brasiliensis conidia ingested by macrophages: reversal by holotransferrin. | conidia of p. brasiliensis ingested by murine macrophages at 37 degrees c showed enhanced transformation to yeast cells and further intracellular growth compared with conidia in culture medium alone. treatment of macrophages with the iron chelator deferoxamine inhibited the intracellular conidium-to-yeast transformation. cytokine-activated macrophages could also exert this inhibitory effect. holotransferrin reversed the inhibitory effect of either deferoxamine or activated macrophages on intrace ... | 1994 | 8132359 |
| immunohistochemical characterization of mononuclear cells in delayed hypersensitivity reactions to paracoccidiodes brasiliensis (paracoccidioidin test). | the density and distribution of t cells, t helper cells, macrophages and b cells at the site of skin tests with a cytoplasmic paracoccidioides brasiliensis antigen (paracoccidioidin) was studied at 24 and 48 h post-challenge in 10 patients with the chronic form of paracoccidioidomycosis and in 5 non-infected individuals. the in situ study was carried out using immunoperoxidase techniques and monoclonal antibodies. the controls showed negative skin test. in the patients, the great majority of the ... | 1993 | 8159219 |
| gelatinase activity of exoantigens from virulent and non-virulent isolates of paracoccidioides brasiliensis. | differences in the occurrence of components with gelatinase activity were detected among four isolates of paracoccidioides brasiliensis: pb339 and pb18 (highly virulent), and pb265 and pb18av (very low virulence). culture filtrates from these isolates were electrophoresed in substrate gels and tested for gelatinase activity. pb339 showed three enzyme bands of apparent molecular masses: 43, 53 and 78 kda; pb18 had two bands, one at 59 kda and another with molecular mass higher than 78 kda. isolat ... | 1994 | 8207624 |
| histopathological alterations induced by non-viable cells and biochemical fractions from paracoccidioides brasiliensis in mice. | non-viable cells and biochemical fractions from paracoccidioides brasiliensis were obtained for experimental inoculation in mice and posterior histopathological analysis. dead total fungus, total fungus disrupted by sonorous waves, lipids of the fungus, supernatant of the lipid purification, integral and disrupted fungus free of lipids were obtained. the six preparations arose from masses of lyophilized yeasts of a recent isolate of p. brasiliensis (strain jt-1) and from a "pool" equitably const ... | 1993 | 8246745 |
| [paracoccidioides brasiliensis, a new sample isolated from feces of a penguin (pygoscelis adeliae)]. | the authors show the results obtained through the study of a paracoccidioides strain isolated from a penguin in the uruguaian antartide by gezuele et al. (1989). from the fecal mater it was isolated a fungus which was recently considered as a new species of the genus paracoccidioides--p. antarcticus. however, the mycological and immunochemical studies including the demonstration of the 43 kda glycoprotein by immunodiffusion test, sds-page and immunoelectrophoresis disclosed that such strain is s ... | 1993 | 8278752 |
| the causative agent of jorge lobo's disease, the fungus p. loboi (= loboa loboi) may be seen extracellularly tightly encircled by histiocytes. observations at the transmission and scanning electron microscopes. | | 1993 | 8278764 |
| biochemical and physiological aspects in the dimorphism of paracoccidioides brasiliensis. | paracoccidioides brasiliensis is a dimorphic fungus pathogenic for humans. it shows a yeast like phase at 37 degrees c and a mycelial phase at 23 degrees c. biochemical aspects of its dimorphism are related to the presence of hormone receptors, regulation of camp, or modulation of glucan synthetase activity through cytoplasmic proteinases. these aspects are reviewed herein. | 1993 | 8298276 |
| two-dimensional immunoelectrophoresis of histoplasmin and a purified polysaccharide-protein antigen of histoplasma capsulatum. | crude histoplasmin and a polysaccharide-protein complex (ppc-histo) antigens obtained from culture filtrates of histoplasma capsulatum were analyzed by single and tandem two-dimensional immunoelectrophoresis (td-iep) using a rabbit hyperimmune anti-histoplasmin polyvalent serum. single td-iep showed 14 arc precipitates for histoplasmin. continuity of arcs 2, 6, and 7, and 9 and 10 was observed, suggesting a different polymeric configuration of the same antigen. this was also confirmed in tandem ... | 1993 | 8326996 |
| tumour necrosis factor production in vivo and in vitro in response to paracoccidioides brasiliensis and the cell wall fractions thereof. | tumour necrosis factor (tnf) was detected in serum from mice challenged with paracoccidioides brasiliensis. the serum tnf levels of mice challenged with an avirulent strain were significantly higher than those of mice challenged with a virulent strain, and the same was observed for the tnf levels of mice challenged with a cell wall fraction (f1) from the two fungal strains. fraction f1 consisted of chitin and beta-glucan; but although the chitin contents were similar for the two strains, the avi ... | 1993 | 8348743 |
| factors associated with paracoccidiodes brasiliensis infection among permanent residents of three endemic areas in colombia. | the natural habitat of paracoccidioides brasiliensis, the aetiologic agent of paracoccidioidomycosis, has not been determined. consequently, the events leading to the acquisition of infection remain controversial. to identify factors associated with infection in endemic areas we conducted a survey in three rural communities in colombia where we had previously diagnosed paracoccidioidomycosis in children. permanent residents were surveyed taking into consideration environmental and occupational v ... | 1993 | 8348926 |
| an improved culture medium for detecting live yeast phase cells of paracoccidioides brasiliensis. | the plating efficiency of standard mycological media such as brain heart infusion (bhi) agar is poor for paracoccidioides brasiliensis. we prepared a water-extract of yeast phase cells of p. brasiliensis and examined it for growth-enhancing activity for the fungus. the water-extract, when added to bhi agar to a concentration of 5%, improved the plating efficiency of the medium for the fungus to some extent, but the degree of improvement was considerably varied among p. brasiliensis isolates. by ... | 1993 | 8360811 |
| placental involvement in paracoccidioidomycosis. | a case of juvenile-type paracoccidioidomycosis in a pregnant woman is reported. the disease pre-dated pregnancy and antifungal treatment was being administered when she became pregnant. a premature male infant was delivered with no evidence of infection. microscopic examination of the placenta showed numerous paracoccidioides brasiliensis yeast forms in the intervillous space, enmeshed in a macrophagic-phagocytic reaction, with damage of the trophoblastic layer. placental transfer of specific p. ... | 1993 | 8360816 |
| a preliminary study of in vitro antibiotic activity of saperconazole and other azoles on paracoccidioides brasiliensis. | saperconazole, a new triazole related to itraconazole, was tested against paracoccidioides brasiliensis and results compared with ketoconazole and itraconazole. the fungus was highly sensitive to the action of these compounds, particularly saperconazole, with minimum inhibitory concentrations and minimum fungicidal concentrations ranging from 10(-7) to 10(-10) m (equivalent to 6.7 x 10(-2)-6.7 x 10(-5) micrograms ml-1 for saperconazole), according to the morphological phase and the antifungal te ... | 1993 | 8389848 |
| recovery of adrenal function after treatment of paracoccidioidomycosis. | in endemic areas, the systemic mycosis paracoccidioidomycosis (pcm) is the most frequent etiology of addison's disease. paracoccidioides brasiliensis, the causative agent of pcm, exhibits a high tropism for the adrenal glands, which results in a low hormone reserve and in more severe cases, in symptoms of primary adrenal insufficiency. in these cases, the hormone deficit is usually treated with replacement corticoid therapy for the rest of the patient's life. recently, we identified three patien ... | 1993 | 8390794 |
| effect of anti-il-4, interferon-gamma and an antifungal triazole (sch 42427) in paracoccidioidomycosis: correlation of ige levels with outcome. | paracoccidioidomycosis is characterized by depressed cellular but enhanced humoral immune responses, which suggests a th2 type of response to infection. we investigated possible therapeutic roles for anti-il-4, interferon-gamma (ifn-gamma) and/or sch 42427 (sch), a new triazole antifungal agent, and their effect on serum ige levels in a murine model of chronic paracoccidioides brasiliensis infection. balb/c mice infected by the pulmonary route were studied with three programmes. the subacute mod ... | 1993 | 8403491 |
| experimental murine paracoccidioidomycosis: relationship among the dissemination of the infection, humoral and cellular immune responses. | the dissemination of paracoccidioides brasiliensis cells to the heart, omentum/pancreas, spleen, liver and lungs, assessed by colony forming unit (cfu) counts, the levels of specific antibodies to this fungal agent (by elisa), and the specific dth reaction were studied in susceptible (b10.a) and resistant (a/sn) mice. the animals were infected intraperitoneally with p. brasiliensis yeast cells and were evaluated 2, 4, 12 and 16 weeks later. the most remarkable differences between the two mouse s ... | 1993 | 8403521 |
| cell wall fractions from paracoccidioides brasiliensis induce hypergammaglobulinemia. | the antibody response against the antigen sheep red blood cells (srbc) was investigated in mice pre-treated with formalin-killed paracoccidioides brasiliensis or with cell wall fractions of the fungus. pre-treatment with p. brasiliensis, as well as with the fl fraction and beta-glucan significantly increased the anti-srbc antibody response in the experimental groups as compared to the control group that received only srbc. this immunomodulatory effect varied with the different doses employed and ... | 1993 | 8437613 |
| immunological response to cell-free antigens of paracoccidioides brasiliensis: relationship with clinical forms of paracoccidioidomycosis. | sera from patients with the acute (af) and chronic (cf) forms of paracoccidioidomycosis (pcm) were tested against paracoccidioides brasiliensis cell-free antigens by western blot (immunoblot). the cfa preparation contained components ranging in molecular mass from 18 to 102 kda. the immunoglobulin g (igg) reactivity profiles were similar for patients with both forms of the disease, and the 43-kda component was recognized by 100% of the sera. igm antibodies from the af- and the cf-pcm sera recogn ... | 1993 | 8458961 |
| paracoccidioidomycosis: an update. | this review summarizes knowledge on various aspects of paracoccidioidomycosis. mycelial propagules, chlamydospores, and arthroconidia exhibit thermal dimorphism; arthroconidia are infectious in animals and, by electron microscopy, appear well provided for survival. the mycelial-to-yeast-phase transformation requires a strict control of glucan synthesis probably mediated by membrane enzymes. hormonal influences on the transformation of the fungus (mycelium or conidium to yeast phase) have been de ... | 1993 | 8472249 |
| identification of sialic acids on the cell surface of hyphae and yeast forms of the human pathogen paracoccidioides brasiliensis. | paracoccidioides brasiliensis, the agent of paracoccidioidomycosis, when grown in a synthetic medium, expresses at the cell surface of both yeast and mycelial forms acidic glycoconjugates containing n-acetylneuraminic acid units. sialic acids were extracted using mild hydrolytic conditions, and were identified by thin-layer and gas chromatography, standard colorimetry, reaction with periodate-resorcinol and mass spectrometry. their surface location was inferred from fluorescent-lectin (limulus p ... | 1993 | 8472922 |
| dialysable leukocyte extracts modify the course of experimental paracoccidioidomycosis in the syrian hamster. | the effect of dialysable leukocyte extracts (dle) obtained from hamsters immunized with paracoccidioides brasiliensis (immune dle) and from non-immunized hamsters (non-immune dle) was studied in hamsters inoculated with p. brasiliensis by the intratesticular route. treatment with immune or non-immune dle was started during the third week of infection and was repeated at 7, 11, 15 and 19 weeks. a group of untreated infected animals was used as control. animals were submitted to the delayed hypers ... | 1993 | 8474531 |
| the role of the complement system in the neutrophil functions stimulated in vitro by an alkali-insoluble cell wall fraction of paracoccidioides brasiliensis. | we investigated the capacity of an alkali-insoluble cell wall polysaccharide fraction (f1) of paracoccidioides brasiliensis to induce rat polymorphonuclear neutrophil (pmn) migratory and chemiluminescence (cl) responses. normal rat serum pre-incubated with f1 induced a chemotactic neutrophil response which was fully abolished by heat-inactivation. the participation of the alternative complement pathway was more effective than that of the classical pathway since depletion of factor b by heating a ... | 1993 | 8483056 |
| effect of ajoene on dimorphism of paracoccidioides brasiliensis. | ajoene, a compound derived from ethanolic garlic extracts, inhibits the growth of the dimorphic pathogenic fungus paracoccidioides brasiliensis, yeast cells being more sensitive to its action than mycelial cultures. sulphydryl protector groups were able to cancel the inhibitory effect on the yeast cells but not on the mycelial cultures. the dimorphic process was also blocked when mycelia were placed to transform to yeast. synthesis in vitro of cell wall glucan was not affected by ajoene. we disc ... | 1993 | 8509950 |
| diagnosis of paracoccidioidomycosis by passive haemagglutination assay of antibody using a purified and specific antigen-gp43. | sheep red blood cells, treated with glutaraldehyde and sensitized with a purified paracoccidioides brasiliensis antigen of molecular mass 43 kda (gp43), were used to detect antibodies to p. brasiliensis by passive haemagglutination (pha). sera from 50 patients with paracoccidioidomycosis had pha titres of > 1/800, and had antibodies detectable by immunodiffusion while antibodies to gp43 were detectable by pha in sera from patients with histoplasmosis, aspergillosis, candidiasis, jorge lobo's dis ... | 1993 | 8509952 |
| paracoccidioidomycosis and its etiologic agent paracoccidioides brasiliensis. | paracoccidioides brasiliensis is the causative agent of paracoccidioidomycosis, a systemic mycosis endemic to latin america. in this paper we review clinical, therapeutic and immunological aspects of the disease, as well as the biology and ecology of the fungus, restricting the review to the period 1989-1992. | 1993 | 8509955 |
| optimization of a mouse immunization protocol with paracoccidioides brasiliensis antigens. | the objectives of the present study were to optimize the protocol of mouse immunization with paracoccidioides brasiliensis antigens (rifkind's protocol) and to test the modulation effect of cyclophosphamide (cy) on the delayed hypersensitivity response (dhr) of immunized animals. experiments were carried out using one to four immunizing doses of either crude particulate p. brasiliensis antigen or yeast-cell antigen, followed by dhr test four or seven days after the last immunizing dose. the data ... | 1995 | 8524083 |
| cyclophosphamide effect on paracoccidioidomycosis in the rat. | paracoccidioidomycosis is an endemic fungal disease widely distributed throughout latin america. the potent immunosuppressor cyclophosphamide (cy) has been used to modulate host immune response to paracoccidioides brasiliensis in an experimental model. inbred male buffalo/sim rats weighing 250-300 g were inoculated with 5 x 10(6) p. brasiliensis cells of the yeast phase form by intracardiac route. one group of animals was treated with 20 mg/kg body weight at days +4, +5, +6, +7, +11 and +12 post ... | 1995 | 8525267 |
| paracoccidioidomycosis associated with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. report of seven cases. | we report the clinical findings and evolution of seven patients (five men and two women), the majority of them intravenous drug users, with paracoccidioidomycosis associated to acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (aids). in four of the patients the paracoccidioidomycosis was restricted to the lung and in the three others was generalized with cutaneous involvement. only two of them had lived recently in rural area, an indication of the possible reactivation of latent focal infection in the other f ... | 1995 | 8525274 |
| expression and isoforms of gp43 in different strains of paracoccidioides brasiliensis. | individual exoantigens from 13 paracoccidioides brasiliensis isolates were obtained and tested against a panel of 50 sera from patients with paracoccidioidomycosis by immunodiffusion test. the index of positivity varied from 20 to 100% according to the isolate. when these exoantigens were analysed by sds-page, eight presented high amounts of the glycoprotein gp43, two presented small amounts and in three there was no detectable gp43. the eight isolates presenting high amounts of gp43 were submit ... | 1995 | 8531019 |
| glycolipids from paracoccidioides brasiliensis. isolation of a galactofuranose-containing glycolipid reactive with sera of patients with paracoccidioidomycosis. | in the present study, we describe the isolation of glycolipids from yeast and mycelium forms of paracoccidioides brasiliensis. both forms contains glucosylceramide as the only neutral glycosphingolipid and two acidic glycolipids termed band 1 and band 2. band 1 was found to be reactive with 100% of sera of patients with paracoccidioidomycosis tested. structural analysis of band 1 revealed that it is composed of mannose and galactose in molar ratios of 2:1, and a trace amount of glucose. furtherm ... | 1995 | 8531023 |
| isoenzyme profile of paracoccidioides brasiliensis. | isoenzyme profiles of 10 strains of paracoccidioides brasiliensis from different origins (nine strains from patients with different clinical forms of paracoccidioidomycosis and one from the faeces of a penguin) were determined by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis using 37 different enzymes. differences in carbonate dehydratase, phosphoglucomutase, phosphoglucoseisomerase, glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase, 6-phosphogluconate dehydrogenase, lactate dehydrogenase and beta-esterase were detected a ... | 1995 | 8544079 |
| addison's disease caused by paracoccidioides brasiliensis: diagnosis by needle aspiration biopsy of the adrenal gland. | | 1996 | 8553971 |
| isolation and partial characterization of a paracoccidioides brasiliensis 58 kda extracellular glycoprotein which is recognized by human immune sera. | a novel 58 kda antigenic determinant of the fungus paracoccidioides brasiliensis was identified by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay using a panel of species-specific murine monoclonal antibodies (mabs). western immunoblot analysis, deglycosylation studies and isoelectric focusing indicated that this 58 kda antigen is a glycoprotein, with a pi of approximately 5.2. the molecule was purified from p. brasiliensis culture filtrate and yeast cytoplasmic antigens by membrane ultrafiltration, liquid i ... | 1995 | 8560542 |
| biochemistry and molecular biology of the main diagnostic antigen of paracoccidioides brasiliensis. | the 43,000 dalton glycoprotein of paracoccidioides brasiliensis (gp 43) is the main exocellular antigen recognized by sera from patients with paracoccidioidomycosis in a variety of serological assays. specific conformational peptide epitopes are recognized by the human antibodies as determined by antigen deglycosylation. procedures for the purification of the gp43 using immunoaffinity chromatography have been described. the secretion of the gp43 as a function of the growth curve, its partial agg ... | 1995 | 8580684 |
| in search of the natural habitat of paracoccidioides brasiliensis. | paracoccidioides brasiliensis (pb) is the dimorphic fungus responsible for paracoccidioidomycosis (pcm), one of the most important systemic mycosis in latin america where the disease is geographically restricted. the natural habitat of the causative agent remains undetermined. we are planning to use pcr-based technology in order to amplify specific dna fragments. the high sensitivity of this technique may allow us to detect the natural habitat of pb. in this study, we prepared a cdna library fro ... | 1995 | 8580685 |