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photomyoclonic seizures in the baboon, papio papio.the inborn seizure response of papio papio to intermittent light stimulation has been reviewed as a model of human epilepsy. the electrographic and clinical features have been described and useful methodology has been outlined. a diurnal cyclicity in seizure responsiveness has been described with greatest seizure severity at 8 am in parallel with a rise in urinary output of cortisol. hormonal influences on the seizure response have been described for ethinyl estradiol, thyroxin, and triiodothyro ...197939008
[an electrophysiological study of direct occipito-frontal connections in centrum semi-ovale of papio papio].1. evoked responses to single visual stimuli (vep) and driving by intermittent light stimulation (ils) were recorded with macroelectrodes from the central white matter (centrum semiovale) of 12 papio papio baboons. 2. two types of vep were identified: veps with constant morphology, localized in the long associative bundles connecting the occipital, temporal and frontal lobes; veps with variable morphology and without any preferential localization; these probably originate from other types of fib ...197545946
the sleep of the baboon, papio papio, under natural conditions and in the laboratory.the sleep pattern of sixteen baboons (papio papio) was studied under two very different conditions: (1) in a laboratory at marseilles, the monkey being immobilized in a restraining chair in a soundproof cubicle; (2) in an african reserve, the monkey being housed in a large cage placed in its natural environment. some very marked differences emerged. sleep in the laboratory was longer (by 24 min) and richer in stage 3 and paradoxical sleep. in africa, however, the sleep showed much more stage 1, ...197553145
type c viruses from kirsten sarcoma-transformed mink cells co-cultivated with primate cells and expressing p30 antigens related to feline leukemia virus.two type c viruses with new antigenic and biological properties were isolated by co-cultivating secondary cell strains established from the kidneys of a baboon (papio papio) and a patas monkey (erythrocebus patas) with mink cells non-productively transformed by kirsten sarcoma virus. both new isolates (designated pp-1r and ep-1r) contain major structural proteins (p30) that are immunologically most closely related to the p30 proteins of feline leukemia viruses. the reverse transcriptases of both ...197660495
myoclonus developing after vermisectomy in photosensitive papio papio.two vermisectomized photosensitive baboons exhibited two different types of myoclonus, one induced by intermittent light stimulation (ils) and the other occuring "spontaneously". the characteristics of these two types of myoclonus are described from a clinical and from an ecog point of view. myoclonus induced by ils (ml) started at the eyelids and secondarily invaded the face and body; it was always preceded by frontorolandic spike-waves or polyspike-waves. the "spontaneous" myoclonus which foll ...197878825
comparison of the karyotypes of four cercopithecoidae: papio papio, p. anubis, macaca mulatta, and m. fascicularis.the karyotypes of two species of baboons, papio papio and p. anubis, and of two species of macaca, m. mulatta and m. fascicularis, are compared after the use of numerous banding techniques. no difference was detected between the karyotype of the two papio species. however, a minor change in the t-staining of a short segment, probably heterochromatic, could be detected between the papio species and m. mulatta. a paracentric inversion exists between these three and m. fascicularis. these karyotype ...197983931
complete or almost complete analogy of chromosome banding between the baboon (papio papio) and man. 197897206
blockade of epileptic responses in the photosensitive baboon, papio papio, by two irreversible inhibitors of gaba-transaminase, gamma-acetylenic gaba (4-amino-hex-5-ynoic acid) and gamma-vinyl gaba (4-amino-hex-5-enoic acid).the anticonvulsant potency and neurological toxicity of two new catalytic inhibitors of gaba-transaminase have been assessed in acute experiments in baboons with a natural syndrome of photic epilepsy. gamma-acetylenic gaba, 160--200 mg/kg, or gamma-vinyl gaba, 450--950 mg/kg, intravenously, gave complete protection against generalised myoclonus or seizure responses induced by photic stimulation (in baboons without or with priming with subconvulsant doses of allylglycine). the protection became m ...1978100812
[candidiasis and obstructive intestinal tumor in a captive baboon 'papio papio' (desm.)].report of a case of candidiasis of the digestive tract associated to an obstructive epithelial tumor, with great invasive ability, in a captive baboon, papio papio (desm.). included is a discussion of the incidence of some intestinal disturbances involving candidiasis of subhuman primates.1978104181
secondarily generalized convulsive seizures induced by daily amygdaloid stimulation in rhesus monkeys.amygdaloid kindling in rhesus monkeys resulted in development of secondarily generalized convulsive seizures in an average of 196 days. prior pharmacologic (bemegride) kindling accelerated this seizure development in one animal. none of the animals reached the stage 5 primary generalized seizure of baboons (papio papio), even after 400 daily amygdaloid stimulations. seizure stage instability, with frequent regression to an earlier stage, and the difficulty of establishing a generalized seizure t ...1978106328
rapid evolution of animal mitochondrial dna.mitochondrial dna was purified from four species of higher primates (guinea baboon, rhesus macaque, guenon, and human) and digested with 11 restriction endonucleases. a cleavage map was constructed for the mitochondrial dna of each species. comparison of the maps, aligned with respect to the origin and direction of dna replication, revealed that the species differ from one another at most of the cleavage sites. the degree of divergence in nucleotide sequence at these sites was calculated from th ...1979109836
maternal-fetal transfer of melatonin in the non-human primate.melatonin was detected in the circulation of the near-term rhesus monkey (macaca mulatta) and baboon (papio papio) fetus. we determined whether the source could be the mother by studying placental transfer of melatonin in the rhesus monkey. when [3h]melatonin was administered i.v. to the mother it promptly appeared in the fetal circulation; the rates of disappearance of [3h]melatonin in the maternal and fetal circulations were parallel. the rapid decrease in circulating [3h]melatonin was associa ...1979113767
contribution of vision to muscle responses in monkey during free-fall: visual stabilization decreases vestibular dependent responses.in a previous study the muscle responses from the lower limbs were studied in the baboon (papio-papio) during sudden falls. on the other hand, recent findings concerning the role of vision in the control of posture during rapid perturbations in man have stimulated the present investigation. emg activities were recorded from the fully conscious animal using chronic electrodes implanted in various muscles (splenius, quadriceps femoris, soleus, and tibialis anterior). for testing, the monkey was se ...1979115701
[effect of cannabis on learning in the cynocephalic monkey (papio papio)].chronic treatment of monkeys with cannabis reduce the speed of acquisition of learned behavior, yet, learning is nevertheless possible. after acquisition, cannabis administration disturb the responses in the learning test. in this two experimental procedures, tolerance occurs to the effects of cannabis.1975126742
nonhuman primates: laboratory animals of choice for neurophysiologic studies of sleep.a systematic study was made of several nonhuman primates to learn more about their relative usefulness for studies of sleep. species studied included the guinea baboon (papio papio), kenya or yellow baboon (p cynocephalus), olive baboon (p anubis), sacred baboon (p hamadryas), vervet monkey (cercopithecus aethiops), rhesus monkey (macaca mulatta), bonnet monkey (m radiata), crab-eating monkey (m fascicularis), patas monkey (erythrocebus patas), chimpanzee (pan troglodytes), mongoose lemur (lemur ...1977201798
photosensitive epilepsy in papio papio as a model for drug studies.photically-induced epilepsy in papio papio provides a convenient model for assessing the efficacy and the acute neurological toxicity of new anticonvulsant drugs prior to clinical trial. its drug sensitivity is broadly comparable to that of generalized seizures in man. it also shares some specific properties with syndromes of reflex epilepsy in man.1978220003
mycobacterium bovis infection in baboons (papio papio).two tuberculin-positive baboons in a primate colony were found to have grossly visible tuberculous lesions in the liver, spleen, lung, and mediastinal lymph nodes on necropsy. results of histopathologic examination of the tissues showed granulomas with langhans giant cells. an acid-fast organism was isolated from tissues of each baboon; the isolates were identified as mycobacterium bovis by being negative for niacin production and nitrate reduction and by their susceptibility to thiophen-2-carb ...1977324436
[the sheath of scarpa ganglion cells in the baboon papio papio].the sheath of the bipolar perikarya of the vestibular ganglion (scarpa) in papio papio is made up of several schwann cells which concur to form loose myelin, and at most five layers of compact myelin. most of the schwann cytoplasmic layers stop at the emergence of both neurites, forming at the point an incomplete ranvier half-node. the constitution of the vestibular perikaryal sheath in papio is intermediate between those previously described in the rat and in the human.1977404837
human pb, human post-pb, and nonhuman primate pb proteins: immunological and biochemical relationships.the isolation and characterization of a protein from human parotid saliva termed the "post-pb protein" is described. by several criteria, this protein is closely related to the human pb proteins. when reacted against antisera to human pb protein in double diffusion, the post-pb protein is found to be related to the pb proteins by lines of identity. however, when the partial n-terminal amino acid sequences of the post-pb protein and pb proteins are compare, the sequences are not identical. becaus ...1977412494
connections of latero-dorsal nucleus of the thalamus. ii. experimental study in papio papio.modifications of the latero-dorsal (l.d.) nucleus of the thalamus have been observed earlier in man in relation to limbic lesion of various etiologies. our proposal was to determine the role of l.d. in memory disturbances. we attempted to study the connections of l.d. in papio papio baboon after surgical lesion using silver impregnations as well as traditional techniques. we found three afferent pathways: from the fornix, the posterior cingulate and the parietal cortex (area 7). the most importa ...1977412567
spontaneous recurrent seizure state induced by daily electric amygdaloid stimulation in senegalese baboons (papio papio).daily electrical stimulation of the amygdala in senegalese baboons (papio papio) resulted in the development of generalized convulsive seizures focal onset through five distinct clinical stages in an average of 72 days. the chronologic pattern of electroclinical features suggested that vertical intrahemispheric ictal dissemination was of primary importance in the progressive seizure development. some animals developed spontaneous recurrence of both partial complex and primary generalized seizure ...1976814482
[frontal cerebral cortex and photic epilepsy of the baboon papio papio (author transl)].it was discovered in 1966 that the senegalese baboon (papio papio) exhibits a photosensitive epilepsy. this finding has led, among other work, to the neurophysiological study of this epilepsy. although in some characteristics the baboon's photosensitive epilepsy differs from that of man, it can be considered that this animal presents a real model of essential epilepsy, for the study of the human disease. 2. in the baboon, the eeg disturbances triggered by intermittent light stimulation at 25 hz ...1976819647
metabolic clearance and production rates of progesterone in non-pregnant and pregnant baboons (papio papio).the metabolic clearance rate (mcr) of progesterone was examined in the baboon to determine whether the increased serum progesterone concentrations during gestation result from increased production or decreased clearance. mcr was determined by constant infusion of [3h]progesterone in 6 non-pregnant baboons and 13 pregnant animals, between 58 and 175 days gestation. progesterone mcr (mean+/-se) was significantly greater in pregnant (1316+/-105 1/day, p less than 0.025; 87.3 +/- 6.2 1/day/kg, p les ...1976825366
the metabolism of cortisol by term baboon neonates (papio papio).the metabolism of iv administered (4-14c)cortisol (f) was examined in 3 female, spontaneously delivered, term baboons less than 24th old. sixty and 80% of 14c was recovered in urine within 24 and 68 h,respectively. the distribution of urinary 14c was 44.7% unconjugated, 18.1% glucuronoside, 3.3% sulfate, and 24% unextractable with ethyl acetate. the metabolites were isolated by chromatography and crystallization. eight per cent of unconjugated and 60% of glucuronoside metabolites were more polar ...1976954646
neurophysiology of photically induced epilepsy in papio papio.this chapter critically reviews arguments supporting the role of the frontal cortex in light-sensitive epilepsy of the baboon papio papio in the light of the most recent neurophysiological research. in particular, it is known that spontaneous or ils-induced paroxysmal discharges, as well as generalized seizures, originate in the frontorolandic cortical region. in this region during ils, neurons behave in the same manner as hyperexcitable neurons in focal epileptogenic lesions of animals and man. ...19751146641
excessive light sensitivity in papio papio: its variation with age, sex, and geographic origin.excessive sensitivity (levels 3 and 4) in a population of 1,122 papio papio was related with age, sex, and geographical origin. (1) age. there was no clinical response to intermittent light stimulation under the age of 5 months. these was no difference between animals 6 months to 2 years (j1) and those aged 2 to 4 years (j2). adult females were less often light sensitive (levels 3 and 4 = 32.9%) than immature females (52.4%). adult males could usually not be tested, but were probably less often ...19751149713
recurrent spontaneous seizure state induced by prefrontal kindling in senegalese baboons, papio papio.in our earlier study of amygdaloid kindling in papio papio (pp), the development of partial complex seizure and of focal motor seizure was correlated with bifrontal theta discharge and increasing rolandic spike discharge respectively and the final stage was characterized by primary generalized convulsive seizure. since the latter seizure pattern is known to originate from the frontal focus in man, the frontal cortex became suspect in the development of the final stage seizure pattern. daily pref ...19751201534
the effects of ampa receptor antagonists on kindled seizures and on reflex epilepsy in rodents and primates.two potent glutamate antagonists, nbqx and gyki 52466, that act selectively on non-nmda receptors, have been tested for anticonvulsant activity in 3 models of reflex epilepsy (sound-induced seizures in dba/2 mice and in genetically epilepsy-prone rats and photically-induced myoclonus in papio papio) and in amygdala kindled rats. both compounds potently but transiently suppress reflexly-induced epileptic responses. gyki 52466 also reduces behavioral seizures and afterdischarge duration in amygdal ...19921337444
anticonvulsant profile of mdl 27,266: an orally active, broad-spectrum anticonvulsant agent.the novel anticonvulsant substance mdl 27,266 was tested in a variety of anticonvulsant models to assess its anticonvulsant profile, behavioral toxicity and oral bioavailability. intraperitoneally (i.p.) administered mdl 27,266 afforded complete protection against sound-induced seizures in dba/2j and frings audiogenic-seizure (ags)-susceptible mice (ed50s: 5.0 and 5.1 mg/kg, respectively). it was also effective following i.p. administration to cf#1 mice against maximal electroshock (mes)-, pente ...19921396547
longitudinal effect of tiludronate on bone mineral density, resonant frequency, and strength in monkeys.the effect of tiludronate on bone was studied in 72 growing monkeys (papio papio), 36 males and 36 females, aged 4-7 years. they were randomly allocated into four groups (18 animals per group, 9 males and 9 females): group i, controls; group ii, 10 mg/kg/day; group iii, 20 mg/kg/day; and group iv, 40 mg/kg/day of tiludronate. a total of 12 animals (6 males and 6 females) in each group were sacrificed at the end of treatment (1 year) and 6 animals (3 males and 3 females) per group 1 year later. b ...19921414478
purification of two cytochrome p450 isozymes related to cyp2a and cyp3a gene families from monkey (baboon, papio papio) liver microsomes. cross reactivity with human forms.two cytochrome p450 isozymes, fa and fi, were isolated and characterized from liver microsomes of phenobarbital-induced baboons (papio papio). the cytochrome fa possesses the same n-terminal amino acid sequence as p450 mk2 from crab-eating monkeys (macaca irus) and closely resembles the human p450 3a isozymes. this cytochrome was able to oxidize nifedipine and hydroxylate testosterone at the 6 beta position. the second baboon cytochrome (fi) is closely related to the p450 2a subfamily and has th ...19921541278
calcium-binding protein (calbindin-d28k) and parvalbumin immunocytochemistry in the normal and epileptic human hippocampus.the calcium-binding proteins calbindin-d28k (cabp) and parvalbumin (pv) were localized in the "normal" and "epileptic" human hippocampus to address the possible relationship between the expression of these constitutive cytosolic calcium-binding proteins and the resistance or selective vulnerability of different hippocampal neuron populations in temporal lobe epilepsy. compared to rodents and a baboon (papio papio), the pattern of cabp-like immunoreactivity (li) in the "normal" human hippocampus ...19911865007
anticonvulsant action of the beta-carboline abecarnil: studies in rodents and baboon, papio papio.abecarnil (zk 112119; isopropyl-6-benzyloxy-4-methoxymethyl-beta-carboxylate) is a metabolically stable beta-carboline derivative with potent anxiolytic and few sedative and ataxic effects in rodents. the anticonvulsant and muscle relaxant actions of abecarnil have been evaluated in mice, rats, gerbils and baboons. abecarnil raised the threshold for tonic electroconvulsions in mice after corneal but not after auricular application, had no effect on maximal electroshock-induced tonic convulsions ...19901970362
infectivity of trypanosoma (trypanozoon) brucei gambiense for baboons (papio hamadryas, papio papio).in order to study sensitivity or resistance of t.b. gambiense to baboon serum, two species of baboons, p. hamadryas and p. papio were inoculated with t.b. gambiense clone litat 1.1. both species were receptive to infection but, parasitological and immunological parameters showed that p. papio was more trypanotolerant than p. hamadryas. the vat-specific trypanolysis test and the elisa, using moab for circulating antigen detection may be appropriate for the diagnosis of human trypanosomiasis due t ...19912042999
quantitative evaluation of benzodiazepine receptors in live papio papio baboons using positron emission tomography.the binding of the 11c-labeled benzodiazepine antagonist ro 15-1788 (flumazenil) was measured in the neocortex of live papio papio baboons by positron emission tomography. this allowed us to calculate in vivo (i.e., at physiological temperature, neurotransmitters concentrations, and ionic environment) the apparent density of available benzodiazepine receptors (b'max) and the dissociation constant of ro 15-1788 (kd). by coadministering increasing doses of unlabeled ro 15-1788 with [11c]ro 15-1788 ...19902172764
[value of the monkey papio papio for the study of epilepsy].the baboon papio papio is the only animal model showing a natural photosensitive epilepsy very similar to that observed in some human epileptic patients. in the baboon, intermittent light stimulation (ils) induces bilateral and synchronous myoclonic twitches which are associated with paroxysmal discharges (pds) predominating in the frontal cortex, and can be followed by generalized tonic-clonic seizures. we were able to demonstrate the motor cortical origin of all these manifestations since neur ...19902186340
anticonvulsant activity of the nmda antagonists, d(-)4-(3-phosphonopropyl) piperazine-2-carboxylic acid (d-cpp) and d(-)(e)-4-(3-phosphonoprop-2-enyl) piperazine-2-carboxylic acid (d-cppene) in a rodent and a primate model of reflex epilepsy.d-(-)4-(3-phosphonopropyl)piperazine-2-carboxylic acid (d-cpp) and its unsaturated analogue (d(-)(e)-4-(3-phosphonoprop-2-enyl) piperazine-2-carboxylic acid (d-cppene) have been administered to dba/2 mice (intracerebroventricularly, i.c.v., intraperitoneally, i.p., and orally, p.o.) and to photosensitive baboons, papio papio (intravenously, i.v., and orally), and their effects on reflexly induced epileptic responses assessed. in dba/2 mice the clonic phase of the seizure response to sound is sup ...19902292244
identification of human acrosomal antigen sp-10 in primates and pigs.the intra-acrosomal human sperm protein sp-10 was previously designated a "primary vaccine candidate" by a world health organization taskforce on contraceptive vaccines. in the present study, a monoclonal antibody to sp-10 (mhs-10) was employed on western blots to identify immunoreactive sp-10 in sperm extracts from baboon (papio cyanocephalus anubis) and two macaques (macaca mulatta and macaca fascicularis). in each of these primates, the mhs-10 monoclonal antibody recognized a polymorphic patt ...19902337631
effects of anterior corpus callosum section on cortical glucose utilization in baboons. a sequential positron emission tomography study.cortical glucose utilization was measured under light anaesthesia using positron emission tomography and 18f-fluorodeoxyglucose before and serially after stereotaxic anterior corpus callosum section in 3 adult baboons (papio papio); in 1 animal needles were introduced but callosotomy was not performed ('sham' operation). lesion efficacy was verified by x-ray computerized tomography and by postmortem examination which indicated effective anterior two-thirds callosal section in all 3 baboons, as w ...19902397393
taurine in the hippocampal formation of the senegalese baboon, papio papio: an immunocytochemical study with an antiserum against conjugated taurine.an antiserum raised against taurine conjugated to bovine serum albumin by glutaraldehyde produced intense staining of hippocampal pyramidal neurons at the ca1/ca3 transition (including ca2) and of a small proportion of the granule cells. strongly immunoreactive neurons were also found in a zone overlapping the second reflected blade in the hilus. most glial cells were unlabeled.19852411586
effects of localized, chronic gaba infusions into different cortical areas of the photosensitive baboon, papio papio.the effects of chronic (7 days) intracortical gaba infusions were investigated in both naturally photosensitive and non-photosensitive baboons. bilateral and unilateral infusions into motor and occipital regions blocked photosensitivity, while premotor and prefrontal cortex infusions had no effect on the electro-clinical manifestations of this type of reflex epilepsy; the monkeys with prefrontal gaba infusions, however, showed selective attention deficits, detected with the delayed response test ...19892464486
lack of effect of aspartame or of l-phenylalanine on photically induced myoclonus in the baboon, papio papio.the effects of large doses of l-phenylalanine and of aspartame on seizure susceptibility and severity have been assessed in baboons papio papio from senegal which show photosensitive epileptic responses similar to primary generalised epilepsy in man. l-phenylalanine, 50, 150 or 450 mg/kg, or aspartame, 300 or 1000 mg/kg, were administered orally. peak plasma l-phenylalanine concentrations of approximately 2000 mumoles/l occurred 1-4 h after the highest dose of l-phenylalanine or aspartame. the p ...19892502388
gabaergic mechanisms in the pathogenesis and treatment of epilepsy.1. evidence relating to the role of gaba in the pathogenesis of epilepsy is reviewed. 2. impaired gabaergic function appears to contribute to seizure susceptibility in a variety of genetically-determined syndromes in animals, e.g. genetically epilepsy prone rats showing sound-induced seizures, gerbils with genetically determined epilepsy, and baboons, papio papio, with photosensitive epilepsy. 3. in epilepsy secondary to a cerebral insult there is some morphological and biochemical evidence for ...19892667605
different neuronal localization of aspartate-like and glutamate-like immunoreactivities in the hippocampus of rat, guinea-pig and senegalese baboon (papio papio), with a note on the distribution of gamma-aminobutyrate.antisera were raised in rabbits against aspartate or glutamate conjugated to bovine serum albumin by glutaraldehyde. after immunosorbent purification the antisera reacted selectively with brain protein-glutaraldehyde conjugates of the respective amino acids. these results from model systems encouraged us to employ the antisera to study the distribution of free aspartate and glutamate in brain tissue. the aspartate antiserum produced intense staining of interneurons and deep hilar neurons and mod ...19852869443
cm 40907: a structurally novel anticonvulsant in mice, rats and baboons.cm 40907 [3-(4-hydroxypiperidyl)-6-(2'-chlorophenyl)-pyridazine] is a chemically original compound which possesses the pharmacological properties of a potent, p.o. active anticonvulsant. the anticonvulsant activity of cm 40907 was examined in mice, rats and photosensitive papio-papio baboons and compared to that of phenobarbital, diphenylhydantoin, carbamazepine, sodium valproate and ethosuximide. in mice, cm 40907 antagonized electroconvulsive shock and chemically induced seizures with an overa ...19852989499
3-amino-beta-carboline derivatives and the benzodiazepine receptor. synthesis of a selective antagonist of the sedative action of diazepam.seven 3-n-substituted derivatives of 3-amino-beta-carboline were synthesized and their affinities for the benzodiazepine receptor were assessed in vitro. two compounds, 3-(ethylamino)-beta-carboline and 3-[(methoxycarbonyl)amino]-beta-carboline (beta-cmc), showing ic50 values of 460 and 71 nm, respectively, were selected for in vivo studies. the former compound showed long-lasting proconvulsant activity in papio papio baboons while beta-cmc was shown in mice to selectively antagonize the sedativ ...19852989520
2-amino-6-trifluoromethoxy benzothiazole, a possible antagonist of excitatory amino acid neurotransmission--i. anticonvulsant properties.2-amino-6-trifluoromethoxy benzothiazole (pk 26124) prevented convulsions induced in rodents by maximal electroshock, inhibitors of the synthesis of gamma-aminobutyric acid (gaba) and ouabain, but was inactive against seizures provoked by gaba antagonists, unlike diazepam, chlordiazepoxide, phenobarbital and valproic acid. 2-amino-6-trifluoromethoxy benzothiazole prevented seizures induced by sound stimuli in dba/2 mice (ed50 = 0.66; 2.1 and 4.1 mg/kg, i.p. according to the seizure component), p ...19853018617
stimulus-sensitive myoclonus of the baboon papio papio: pharmacological studies reveal interactions between benzodiazepines and the central cholinergic system.the baboon papio papio develops a nonepileptic myoclonus 20 to 30 min after i.m. benzodiazepine injection. it is characterized by bilateral jerks involving mainly the neck and the trunk, by the absence of any correlative eeg paroxysmal discharge, and by its facilitation during movement or agitation. this myoclonus resembles the intention myoclonus of human patients as seen, for example, after anoxia. we found in experiments on 10 adolescent baboons that atropine alone induced the myoclonus for s ...19863079707
anticonvulsant properties of flunarizine on reflex and generalized models of epilepsy.the anticonvulsant activity of 1-bis(4-fluorophenyl)methyl-4-(3-phenyl-2-propenyl)-piperazine, flunarizine, was studied after intraperitoneal administration in dba/2 mice (seizures induced by sound), intravenous administration in papio papio (myoclonus induced by photic stimulation) and oral administration in wistar rats (seizures induced by cefazolin). protection against sound-induced seizures was observed after intraperitoneal administration of flunarizine (5-40 mg/kg). the ed50 for suppressio ...19863092126
evaluation of two anticonvulsant amino-pyridazine derivatives in the conflict test in rats.two amino-phenyl-pyridazine derivatives, sr 41378 and cm 40907, have been reported to antagonize seizures in mice, rats and papio papio baboons with comparable potencies. structurally, sr 41378 differs from cm 40907 by an additional chlorine in position 6 of the phenyl ring. in the present study the activity of these two compounds in the operant approach-avoidance conflict test in rats was examined and compared with that of diazepam, pentobarbital, meprobamate and valproate. sr 41378 increased p ...19863095540
[animal models of epilepsy and experimental seizures].animal models of epilepsy are essential for the search of new effective antiepileptic drugs. moreover they may lead to the discovery of the basic neuronal dysfunction(s) which underlies human epilepsies. animal epilepsies as well as experimental seizures are usually considered as valid models of human epilepsies when, and only when, the drugs which are effective in human epilepsies prevent seizures in animals. this, however, precludes finding new drugs for resistant epilepsies. animal models of ...19873116633
electroencephalographic manifestations of grand mal epilepsy in africans: observation of relative rarity of interictal abnormalities.interictal eeg records of nigerian epileptic patients living in lagos and clearly diagnosed as having grand mal epilepsy were compared with those of british epileptic patients with a similar diagnosis. interictal eeg abnormalities (spike and wave discharges, (sw), photoparoxysmal discharges (ppd), and nonspecific changes) were significantly less common in nigerian patients (incidence 15.7%) compared with british patients (incidence 52.9%) irrespective of age or sex of the patients. these finding ...19883134191
case of disseminated african histoplasmosis in a baboon.an adult red baboon (papio cynocephalus papio) had a severe disseminated case of african histoplasmosis (histoplasma capsulatum var. duboisii) with skin lesions from small pustules to ulcerative granulomas. osteolytic lesions were seen radiographically. treatment with ketoconazole for 6 months was unsuccessful.19883184166
gaba-containing neurons in the pontine nuclei of rat, cat and monkey. an immunocytochemical study.putative gabaergic elements in the pontine nuclei have been studied in the rat, cat and two old world monkeys (macaca mulatta and papio papio) using an antiserum against gaba-glutaraldehyde-protein conjugates and the peroxidase-antiperoxidase method. in addition, an antiserum against glutamate decarboxylase has been used in the cat. for comparison, golgi impregnated material from cat and macaque has been studied. in all species there is a moderately dense plexus of fibres with gaba-like immunore ...19883393281
new gene assignments and syntenic groups in the baboon (papio papio).mdh2, sod2, peps, and itpa were assigned to papio papio chromosomes 3, 4, 5, and 10, respectively, by their concordant segregation with previously assigned gene markers in a set of baboon x mouse somatic cell hybrids. the linkage of np, idh2, sord, mpi, and pkm2 was confirmed, and three other independently segregating markers (mdh1, acy1, and pepb) were identified. syntenic groups described in the baboon are compared to those found in man and in the rhesus monkey.19863459637
seed-eating by west african cercopithecines, with reference to the possible evolution of bilophodont molars.data on tooth use in eating fruits and seeds were collected on 12 west african monkeys representing five species of cercopithecines, cercopithecus aethiops, cercopithecus campbelli, cercocebus atys, erythrocebus patas, and papio papio. field observations and information in the published literature were used to select fruits for captive feeding trials. a total of over 27,000 tests were conducted to determine the preferences of the monkeys for 78 fruits. data were collected on the selection of fru ...19883364545
photic epilepsy problems raised in man and animals.the data gathered in 30 years' study in man and in several animal species, but especially in the papio papio baboon, tend to show that the cortex plays a decisive part in the seizure and interval discharges induced by intermittent light stimulation in photic epilepsy. two regions of the cortex predominate: the frontorolandic and occipital regions. the cortical cortex can, indeed, transmit or control the visual input to the frontorolandic region and can cause intermittent discharges in certain sp ...19873323124
the non-n-methyl-d-aspartate receptor antagonists, gyki 52466 and nbqx are anticonvulsant in two animal models of reflex epilepsy.the effect of i.p. or i.v. administration of the non-n-methyl-d-aspartate antagonists, gyki 52466 (1-(4-aminophenyl)-4-methyl-7,8-methylendioxy-5h-2,3-benzodiazepin e.hcl, molecular weight 330) and nbqx (2,3-dihydroxy-6-nitro-7-sulfamoyl-benzo(f)-quinoxaline, molecular weight 342) on sound-induced seizures in rats and photically induced myoclonus in baboons was studied. in both species an anticonvulsant effect occurred 15-60 min after administration of gyki 52466 or nbqx. the ed50 value for clon ...19911686756
[myoclonia. from the myoclonia of papio papio to various human myoclonias].the baboon papio papio is naturally predisposed to present several types of myoclonus, the study of which can help in understanding the various human myoclonic symptomatologies. the three types of myoclonus which are studied have been called a, b and c. myoclonus a, which is induced by intermittent photic stimulation in photosensitive animals, is of epileptic nature: it is always preceded by spikes-waves predominating in the fronto-rolandic cortex (areas 4 and 6) and can be followed by secondari ...19863518016
extracellular calcium and potassium concentration changes in chronic epileptic brain tissue.repetitive electrical stimulation and application of excitatory amino acids lead to decreases in extracellular ca2+ concentration and to rises in extracellular k+ concentration [( ca2+]o, [k+]o) with a typical laminar distribution in a given neo- or allocortical structure. these ionic changes result from transmembrane ion fluxes along their respective electrochemical gradients. epileptogenic drugs that impair repolarizing k+ conductances or inhibitory synaptic transmission enhance such extracell ...19863518350
the role of visual reafferents during a pointing movement: comparative study between open-loop and closed-loop performances in monkeys before and after unilateral electrolytic lesion of the substantia nigra.in order to elucidate the compensatory role of visual feedback during movement, two experiments were designed to compare the motor performances of papio papio baboons depending on whether the animals were able to visually control the limb trajectory (visual closed-loop condition) or not (visual open-loop condition). the visuomotor task used consisted of making trained pointing movements towards a stationary target. in experiment a, the baboons were successively presented with these two experimen ...19873556467
the influence of light stimulation on subcortical potentials evoked by single flashes in photosensitive papio papio.visual evoked potentials (veps) from the frontorolandic (fr) cortex and from subcortical nuclei (colliculi superioris, pulvinar, corpori geniculati lateralis, centrum medianum, ventralis lateralis) and from pontine reticular formation were analyzed in papio papio monkeys rendered photosensitive by a subconvulsant dose of allylglycine. the veps induced by single flashes were compared statistically with those induced by flashes preceded by trains of intermittent light stimulation (ils). this latte ...19863948815
glycine-like immunoreactivity in the cerebellum of rat and senegalese baboon, papio papio: a comparison with the distribution of gaba-like immunoreactivity and with [3h]glycine and [3h]gaba uptake.an antiserum against conjugated glycine was characterized and applied to cerebellar sections of rats and baboons that had been perfusion-fixed with glutaraldehyde. after immunosorbent purification the serum reacted with brain protein-glutaraldehyde-glycine conjugates, but did not stain similar test conjugates prepared from other amino acids, including gaba and beta-alanine. in the rat cerebellum the glycine antiserum selectively labelled a subpopulation of golgi neurons. adjacent vibratome secti ...19873582532
[a specific striated muscle antigen of papio papio monkey (author's transl)]. 19734143159
spectral analysis of eeg inhe monkey papio papio. effects of anoxia. 19694186768
distribution of central cholinergic neurons in the baboon (papio papio). ii. a topographic atlas correlated with catecholamine neurons.the topographic distribution of central cholinergic and catecholaminergic neurons has been investigated in the baboon (papio papio). the perikarya were mapped on an atlas through the brain and spinal cord employing sections processed for acetylcholinesterase (ache) pharmacohistochemistry coupled with choline acetyltransferase (chat) immunohistochemistry or aqueous catecholamine-fluorescence histochemistry. compared with subprimates, there is a remarkable increase in the volume occupied by and th ...19854056095
synthesis and activity of 6-aryl-3-(hydroxypolymethyleneamino)pyridazines in animal models of epilepsy.a series of 6-aryl-3-(hydroxypolymethyleneamino)pyridazines derivatives was synthesized and evaluated for anticonvulsant activity. the compounds were screened in mice for their ability to antagonize maximal electroshock- and bicuculline-induced seizures; neurotoxicity was evaluated in the rotorod test. the anticonvulsant activity of the most potent compounds in this series was also examined in kindled amygdaloid rats and in photoepileptic papio papio baboons. phenobarbital, diphenylhydantoin, ca ...19863950916
chromosomal characteristics of a lymphoblastoid line from baboon chacma papio-papio: similarity to human lymphoblastoid lines. 19724207529
distribution of central cholinergic neurons in the baboon (papio papio). i. general morphology.the morphological characteristics of cholinergic neurons in the central nervous system (cns) of the baboon (papio papio) were studied by choline acetyltransferase (chat) immunohistochemistry and acetylcholinesterase (ache) pharmacohistochemistry. the distributions of central cholinergic neurons as visualized by these two histochemical techniques were similar in most, but not all regions of the brain and spinal cord. based upon these observations, central cholinergic neurons that are immunoreacti ...19854056094
seizures induced by allylglycine, 3-mercaptopropionic acid and 4-deoxypyridoxine in mice and photosensitive baboons, and different modes of inhibition of cerebral glutamic acid decarboxylase.1. dl-c-allyglycine, 4-deoxypyridoxine hydrochloride and 3-mercaptopropionic acid have been studied with reference to their convulsant effects in mice and in baboons (papio papio) with photosensitive epilepsy, and their action on the cerebral enzyme synthesizing gamma-aminobutyric acid (l-glutamate-1-carboxy-lyase).2. in mice, the ed(50) values for seizures following intraperitoneal injection were allylglycine 1.0 mmol/kg body weight, 4-deoxypyridoxine 1.1 mmol/kg and 3-mercaptopropionic acid 0. ...19734207045
[action of dimercaprol (bal) on the experimental poisoning of the cynocephale monkey (papio papio) with dibutyl lead diacetate (dpd). comparison with toxicity to rats]. 19714261950
[vaccination of the cinocephal monkey papio papio against plague with a yersinia pestis ev strain supernatant]. 19734198381
changes in intestinal lactase and alkaline phosphatase activity levels with age in the baboon (papio papio). 19744207918
[action of psilocybine on visual evoked potentials in a cercopithecidae papio papio]. 19664228389
[state of vigilance of adult baboons papio papio as studied by telemetry in an african environment]. 19734374991
[method of testing psychotropic substances on the domination behavior of the cynocephalic monkey (papio papio)]. 19704393992
[natural open treponematosis in the papio papio baboon in casamance]. 19714949450
comparison of phospholipid indicators of fetal lung maturity in the amniotic fluid of the monkey (macaca mulatta) and baboon (papio papio). 19744412536
[saccharomyes telluria, a yeast of the animal digestive flora, particularly common in the baboon, papio papio (author's transl)]. 19744467778
[a study of the light sensitivity of papio papio from eastern senegal]. 19684976139
[anti-reserpine action of certain antidepressive agents on the domination behavior of papio papio monkeys]. 19724629636
[note on the organization of social vigilance in the baboon papio papio in east senegal]. 19674961884
central nervous system effects of insulin-induced hypoglycemia in the baboon (papio papio) and monkey (macacus mulatta). 19694980962
[evoked potentials in the monkey papio papio: effects of anoxia]. 19684983018
[nocturnal sleep in the baboon papio papio. observations in its natural environment and electrophysiological data]. 19674961883
[geographic variations of photosensitivity in the baboon papio papio]. 19694985248
[immunization of papio papio monkeys by subcutaneous or respiratory route by means of hemagglutinating subunits of human grippe virus]. 19694979396
[immunological study of pepsinogens from the gastric mucosa of the monkey papio papio]. 19694985084
genetic models of epilepsy with special reference to the syndrome of the papio papio. 19694979312
[comparison of the effects of eserine and atropine in papio papio]. 19694988786
[plaque induction on papio papio kidney cells by echo viruses]. 19704996216
convulsive effects of bicuculline in photosensitive baboons (papio papio) and rhesus monkeys (macaca mulatta). 19714996239
[antigenic community between swine and monkey pepsinogens. localization of pepsinogens in the gastric mucosa of the monkey papio papio by immunofluorescence]. 19704988946
[intestinal yeast flora of the baboon, papio papio (desm.)]. 19704992800
[spectral analysis of the electroencephalogram in the monkey, papio papio. effects of anoxia]. 19694994426
convulsive effects of 4-deoxypyridoxine and of bicuculline in photosensitive baboons (papio papio) and in rhesus monkeys (macaca mulatta). 19715002707
[enumeration of keratinophilic fungi in a population of cynocephalus monkeys (papio papio)]. 19665987836
conservation of the human col1a1-tk-gaa synteny and homoeologous assignment in the african green monkey and the baboon (cercopithecoidae).the pro alpha 1 (i) collagen structural gene (col1a1), the acid alpha-glucosidase (gaa), and the thymidine kinase (tk) genes, known to be closely linked in man (hsa) and mapped to hsa17, were found syntenic in two cercopithecoidae species, the baboon (papio papio, ppa) and the african green monkey (cercopithecus aethiops, cae) and assigned to homoeologous chromosomes, ppa16 and cae19, respectively. the assignment of col1a1 was obtained using two human cdna probes. hind iii restriction sites foun ...19846096258
[experimental action of lysergic acid diethylamide (lsd 25) on the leukocytes of the monkey papio papio]. 19714997650
gamma-glutamyl transferase distribution in the organs of papio papio and macaca fascicularis.tissue distribution of non solubilized gamma-glutamyl transferase (ggt) was studied in eight baboons and ten macaques. in both, ggt is mainly in kidney, pancreas and liver. this tissue distribution of ggt is roughly similar to that observed in man.19806107384
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