| anticonvulsant and proconvulsant properties of viloxazine hydrochloride: pharmacological and pharmacokinetic studies in rodents and the epileptic baboon. | viloxazine hcl is evaluated as an anticonvulsant in a wide range of rodent seizure models and in the epileptic baboon (papio papio). in the maximal electroshock test, the oral ed50 for abolition of tonic extension was 9 mg/kg-1 after 30-min pretreatment (mouse) rising to 30 mg/kg-1 after 60 min (mouse and rat). comparable ed50 values were also found for protection against tonic extension in the mouse induced by the administration of the chemical convulsants metrazole or 3-mercaptopropionic acid. ... | 1982 | 6808538 |
| [serologic and microscopic confirmation of treponemosis in guinea baboons]. | | 1966 | 5333741 |
| [enumeration of keratinophilic fungi in a population of cynocephalus monkeys (papio papio)]. | | 1966 | 5987836 |
| comparative gene mapping of the baboon (papio papio) and man. | seven new gene assignments were demonstrated in the baboon (papio papio) by cosegregation analysis of twelve cell hybrids obtained between ppa fibroblasts and a mouse cell line deficient in thymidine kinase. the following markers and syntenic groups were localized : gusb on ppa3 ; np-mpi-pkm2-idh2 on ppa7; ada on ppa10 and idh1 on ppa12. these results are consistent with the following homoeologies of ppa and hsa chromosomes : ppa3-hsa7 ; ppa7-hsa14 and 15 ; ppa10-hsa20 and ppa12-hsa2q | 1982 | 6979294 |
| [evoked potentials in the monkey papio papio: effects of anoxia]. | | 1968 | 4983018 |
| transient abolition of generalized photosensitive epileptic discharge in humans by apomorphine, a dopamine-receptor agonist. | apomorphine, an agonist of dopamine receptors, blocks or significantly reduces photically induced seizures in the baboon (papio papio). we therefore studied the effect of subcutaneously administered apomorphine in 11 patients with generalized photosensitive epilepsy. visual evoked potentials were not altered by apomorphine, but in nine patients apomorphine transiently blocked the epileptic photosensitivity for an average of 45 minutes. therefore, dopaminergic mechanisms play a role in the pathop ... | 1980 | 7191513 |
| production of 18f-labelled 2-deoxy-2-fluoro-d-glucose and preliminary imaging results. | to allow an additional approach to the study of brain metabolism in our laboratory, the synthesis of 18f-2-deoxy-2-fluoro-d-glucose (18fdg) has been adapted by the development of simple, reliable control techniques for routine use. by positron emission computed tomography, it has been established, in the baboon papio papio, that there was a correlation between an epileptic focus and an increase in glucose incorporation. on the other hand, in man, a comparison between the local glucose utilizatio ... | 1982 | 6981509 |
| conservation of the human col1a1-tk-gaa synteny and homoeologous assignment in the african green monkey and the baboon (cercopithecoidae). | the pro alpha 1 (i) collagen structural gene (col1a1), the acid alpha-glucosidase (gaa), and the thymidine kinase (tk) genes, known to be closely linked in man (hsa) and mapped to hsa17, were found syntenic in two cercopithecoidae species, the baboon (papio papio, ppa) and the african green monkey (cercopithecus aethiops, cae) and assigned to homoeologous chromosomes, ppa16 and cae19, respectively. the assignment of col1a1 was obtained using two human cdna probes. hind iii restriction sites foun ... | 1984 | 6096258 |
| silent delta-globin gene in old world monkeys. | the delta polypeptide chain is present in the adult hemoglobin of all higher primates except old world monkeys. because old world monkeys have evolved from higher primate ancestors, it can be concluded that the ability to synthesize this polypeptide has been lost relatively recently. it is shown here that the gene for delta globin exists in two of these species, the rhesus monkey (macaca mulatta) and the baboon (papio papio). restriction endonuclease fragments of monkey genomic dna bearing the d ... | 1980 | 6251467 |
| assessment of cell-mediated immunity against coxsackievirus b3-induced myocarditis in a primate model (papio papio). | delayed hypersensitivity and myocarditis were induced in five baboons (papio papio) after inoculation with myocarditic murine coxsackievirus b3 (cvb3m). by means of the [3h]thymidine incorporation assay and the agarose droplet cell migration inhibition assay, specific cell-mediated immunity was detected in all five animals against viral antigens and/or kcl-extractable soluble antigens extracted from the heart of a cvb3m-inoculated baboon. kcl-extracted antigens from normal baboon heart tissues, ... | 1981 | 6260666 |
| naturally occurring yaba tumor in a baboon (papio papio). | | 1981 | 6267372 |
| the influence of d-penicillamine treatment upon seizure activity and trace metal status in the senegalese baboon, papio papio. | reports suggesting participation of trace metals in processes of seizure initiation and propagation in humans and experimental animals prompted an investigation of the relationship between copper and zinc status and seizure activity in the senegalese baboon, papio papio. an evaluation of serum trace metal concentrations in three species of nonhuman primates revealed the presence of elevated zinc levels in p. papio moderately sensitive to photically induced seizures, compared with mildly seizure- ... | 1981 | 7205648 |
| okt8 human phenotype expressed by papio papio monkey lymphocytes. | the potential cross-reactivity between human and papio papio monkey lymphocyte antigens was investigated using various monoclonal antibodies specific for human t cell subsets and hla-dr antigens. monkey circulating lymphocytes expressed the okt8 antigen, specific for the suppressor/cytotoxic t cell population and the htla antigens. these reactivities were also detected on lymphoid cells in the thymus and lymph nodes of the papio monkey. | 1982 | 6982277 |
| behavioural and convulsant actions of two methyl esters of beta-carboline-3-carboxylic acid in photosensitive baboons and in dba/2 mice. | the proconvulsant and convulsant actions of methyl 6,7-dimethoxy-4-ethyl-beta-carboline-3-carboxylate (dmcm) and of methyl-beta-carboline-3-carboxylate (beta-ccm) have been evaluated in two animal models of reflex epilepsy, the photosensitive baboon, papio papio, and the audiogenic seizure prone dba/2 mouse. in baboons, myoclonic responses to photic stimulation are markedly enhanced 1 min after dmcm, 0.25 mg/kg i.v. in the absence of photic stimulation dmcm, 0.5 mg/kg i.v. induces a single brief ... | 1984 | 6499918 |
| [experimental action of lysergic acid diethylamide (lsd 25) on the leukocytes of the monkey papio papio]. | | 1971 | 4997650 |
| heterogeneity of hepatic microsomal udp-glucuronosyltransferase(s) activities: comparison between human and mammalian species activities. | the first comparative profiles of udp-glucuronosyltransferase(s) (udpgt) activities obtained under standard conditions in vitro in mammals (man, rat [wistar and gunn], mouse, monkey [papio papio and cynomolgus], pig, guinea pig, rabbit, dog) are presented for 16 aglycones. a decreasing scale of these activities was obtained from planar to bulky molecules. the scale was identical for each of the mammals studied, including man. statistical analysis of the results revealed a division of the aglycon ... | 1984 | 6439424 |
| genetic animal models of epilepsy as a unique resource for the evaluation of anticonvulsant drugs. a review. | genetic animal models of epilepsy comprise genetically predisposed animal species in which seizures either occur spontaneously or in response to sensory stimulation. the major advantage of these naturally occurring epilepsies in animals as models of human epilepsy is that they simulate the clinical situation more closely than any other experimental epilepsy. models with idiopathic spontaneous recurrent seizures are epileptic dogs, tottering mice, and rats with spike-wave absence (petit mal) seiz ... | 1984 | 6439966 |
| [connections of the laterodorsal nucleus of the thalamus in the monkey. study of efferents]. | efferent pathways of the ld nucleus of the thalamus were studied in 6 papio-papio baboons with the retrograde transport technique utilizing hrp. injections were made in cingular and parietal cortex and hippocampal formation. large projection from the ld to the cingular and subicular cortex were visualized as reciprocal connections. no pathway to parietal area 7 was found. the course of the fibers is via the fornix, the cingular bundle and the retro-lenticular portion of the internal capsule. the ... | 1984 | 6505490 |
| [presence of anti-a or anti-b agglutinins in serums of monkeys papio papio desm]. | | 1956 | 13302881 |
| physostigmine antagonizes benzodiazepine-induced myoclonus in the baboon, papio papio. | the antagonism of some benzodiazepine (bz) actions by physostigmine was investigated in 4 papio papio baboons. as a model of these actions, the myoclonus induced in this species by clonazepam i.m. administration was used. the baboon develops, 20-30 min after bz i.m. injection, a non-epileptic myoclonus characterized by clinical symptomatology (jerks involving mainly the neck and the trunk bilaterally), by the absence of any correlative eeg discharge, and by its facilitation during movement. this ... | 1984 | 6527840 |
| beta-adrenergic control of lipolysis in primate white fat cells: a comparative study with nonprimate mammals. | the beta-adrenoceptor subtypes involved in the control of lipolysis in white fat cells of rat, dog, marmoset (callithrix jacchus), baboon (papio papio), macaque (macaca fascicularis), and human were compared. in all species [3h]cgp-12177 binding (up to 3 nm) indicated the existence of a homogeneous population of binding sites in fat cell membranes, and competition studies showed that beta 1- and beta 2-adrenoceptors were present. selective beta 1 or beta 2-adrenoceptor agonists induced lipolysis ... | 1994 | 7914069 |
| globus pallidus and motor initiation: the bilateral effects of unilateral quisqualic acid-induced lesion on reaction times in monkeys. | the results of many experimental studies have shown that the globus pallidus (gp) is involved in the control of motor activities, particularly during motor execution. whether or not the gp is involved in the initiation phase is still a matter of controversy, however. this question was investigated in the present study in papio papio monkeys after gp lesion using a simple reaction time (rt) task, focusing particularly on the initiation phase. the monkeys were trained to perform this task, which c ... | 1994 | 7925805 |
| the gamma-aminobutyric acid uptake inhibitor, tiagabine, is anticonvulsant in two animal models of reflex epilepsy. | the effects of i.p. administration of the gamma-aminobutyric acid (gaba) uptake inhibitors r(-)n-(4,4-di(3-methylthien-2-yl)-but-3-enyl) nipecotic acid hydrochloride (tiagabine; molecular weight 412.0), (1-(2-(((diphenylmethylene)-amino)oxy)ethyl)-1,2,5,6-tetrahydro-3- pyridinecarboxylic acid hydrochloride (nnc-711; molecular weight 386.9), and (+/-)-nipecotic acid (molecular weight 128.2) are compared with those of carbamazepine (molecular weight 236.3) on sound-induced seizures and locomotor p ... | 1995 | 7737333 |
| cloning and sequencing of baboon and cynomolgus monkey intra-acrosomal protein sp-10: homology with human sp-10 and a mouse sperm antigen (msa-63). | in this study, cdnas encoding the intraacrosomal protein sp-10 were cloned and sequenced from baboon (papio papio) and macaque (macaca fascicularis) testis libraries and the sequence compared to that of human sp-10. two alternatively spliced sp-10 cdnas were obtained from both baboon and macaque testis libraries. the two cdnas in each species contained open reading frames encoding proteins of exactly 285 and 251 amino acids. a 98% homology between baboon and macaque sp-10 was found at the protei ... | 1993 | 8442953 |
| manual and hemispheric specialization in the manipulation of a joystick by baboons (papio papio). | manual performance asymmetries were examined in 8 baboons (papio papio). using a joystick, monkeys had to track and hit with a cursor a randomly moving target on a monitor. the left or right hand was tested first, depending on group assignment, followed by a transfer to the other hand. a transfer effect is reported for the total number of trials to criterion and total number of successful trials. no effect was found for response time. however, for both test and transfer, the group initially test ... | 1993 | 8447954 |
| control of lipolysis in intra-abdominal fat cells of nonhuman primates: comparison with humans. | the mechanisms that control lipolysis in intra-abdominal fat cells from various primate species, the marmoset (callithrix jacchus), the baboon (papio papio), and the macaque (macaca fascicularis), were compared to those of human intraabdominal fat cells. selective beta 1- or beta 2-adrenoceptor agonists induced lipolysis in all species. selective beta 3-agonists (brl 37344, cl 316243, and sr 58611) acted as partial agonists in marmoset but were inefficient in other primates, including humans. al ... | 1995 | 7775857 |
| processing of global and local visual information and hemispheric specialization in humans (homo sapiens) and baboons (papio papio). | global precedence was examined in 8 baboons and 14 humans using compound stimuli presented in the left visual hemifield (lvf) or the right visual hemifield (rvf). humans showed a global advantage and global-to-local interference. baboons showed a local advantage and no interference. for humans and baboons, a lvf advantage appeared for global matching and an unsignificant rvf advantage appeared for local matching. the local advantage in baboons still emerged when the memory load of the task was r ... | 1997 | 9104003 |
| new gene assignments in the baboon and new chromosome homoeologies with man. | eight new gene assignments were demonstrated in the baboon (papio papio, ppa) by cosegregation analysis of twelve hybrid clones obtained by fusion between ppa fibroblasts and a mouse cell line deficient in thymidine kinase. the following markers and syntenic groups were assigned: sod1 to ppa3, glo-me1 to ppa-4, pgm2 to ppa5, ckbb-sord to ppa7, ldhb to ppa11 and ldha to ppa14. these localizations are in agreement wit hthe following homoeologies with the human karyotype: ppa3-hsa21, ppa4-hsa6, ppa ... | 1983 | 6604489 |
| [stereological analysis of normal papio papio liver parenchymal cells (author's transl)]. | stereological analysis of normal papio papio liver parenchymal cells has been performed according to the method of weibel (1969). the study was carried out on liver samples collected from 3 males and 3 females. sampling was done at three levels of magnification (x 250, x 5 000, x 15 000) without taking into consideration the lobular variations. the lobular stereological model included the hepatocyte, all the cellular organelles and the extra-hepatocytic space compartment. surface and volume dens ... | 1980 | 7212697 |
| sequence and characterization of the sperm protein sp17 from the baboon. | in this study, cdnas encoding the sperm protein sp17 from the baboon (papio papio) have been cloned and sequenced. three clones, differing in the lengths of their 3' untranslated regions, were identified, which were encoded by mrna transcripts of 0.8-1.35 kb. the open reading frame encodes 163 amino acids with a predicted molecular mass of 18.8 kda. the baboon sp17 protein sequence is 97% identical to human sp17 but differs significantly by the addition of 12 amino acids at the c-terminal, provi ... | 1997 | 9110316 |
| spontaneous isolated lipoma of the choroid plexus in the baboon. | a case of symptomless, solitary lipoma of the choroid plexus is described. the tumour was found in the left lateral ventricle of an adult female baboon (papio papio) in the course of post-mortem examination. routine histological investigation showed that the tumour was composed exclusively of characteristic adipose cells with scarce collagen septa and without other hamartoma-like constituents, such as glial cells, neurons, cartilage or muscle fibres. the tumour mass was lined by a typical single ... | 1994 | 8056876 |
| comparative assessment of distance processing and hemispheric specialization in humans and baboons (papio papio). | this comparative study explored the ability to process distance and its lateralization in humans and baboons. using a conditional matching-to-sample procedure in a divided-field format, subjects had to decide whether or not the distance between a line and a dot belonged to a short- or a long-distance category. experiments 1, 2, and 4 demonstrated the ability of baboons to process and categorize distances. moreover, humans showed better distance processing for right visual field/left hemisphere p ... | 1998 | 9853095 |
| synthesis of a fluorine-18 labeled derivative of epibatidine for in vivo nicotinic acetylcholine receptor pet imaging. | epibatidine (exo-2-(2'-chloro-5'-pyridyl)-7-azabicyclo[2.2.1]heptane), a natural compound isolated from the skin of the ecuadorian poison frog epipedobates tricolor, is the most potent nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (nachr) agonist reported to date. in order to visualize and quantify in vivo these receptors in human brain using positron emission tomography (pet), [18f]norchlorofluoroepibatidine (exo-2-(2'-[18f]fluoro-5'-pyridyl)-7-azabicyclo[2.2.1]heptane), a fluorine-18 (t(1/2): 110 min) radi ... | 1999 | 10220033 |
| primary (idiopathic) generalized epilepsy and underlying mechanisms. | primary generalized epilepsy (pge) has been more hotly debated over the past decades than other forms of epileptic seizure disorder. the sudden synchronous appearance of bilateral spikes and spike-waves (mainly with myoclonus resp. absence) used to perplex the earliest generation of electroencephalographers, and the enigmatic genesis of these discharges (and seizures) has not ceased to fascinate the investigators of this phenomenon. a "centrencephalic" concept with paroxysmal discharges arising ... | 1996 | 8719497 |
| localization of fcgr1 encoding fcgamma receptor class i in primates: molecular evidence for two pericentric inversions during the evolution of human chromosome 1. | the human high-affinity receptor for immunoglobulin g, fcgammari (fcgr1), is encoded by a family of three genes that share over 95% sequence homology. curiously, the three genes in this recently duplicated gene family flank the centromere of human chromosome 1, with fcgr1b located at 1p12 and both fcgr1a and fcgr1c located at 1q21. we have previously speculated that a pericentric inversion could account for the separation of the genes in the fcgr1 family and explain their current chromosomal loc ... | 1998 | 9763663 |
| synthetic peptide strategy for the detection of and discrimination among highly divergent primate lentiviruses. | we developed a simple, rapid, inexpensive, and highly sensitive and specific strategy for the detection and lineage differentiation of primate lentiviruses (piv-elisa). it is based on the use of two indirect elisa methods using synthetic peptides mapping the gp41/36 region (detection component) and the v3 region (differentiation component) of four lentivirus lineages, namely sivcpz/hiv-1 (groups m, o, n, and sivcpz-gab), sivmnd, sivagm, and sivsm/sivmac/hiv-2. this strategy was evaluated with pa ... | 2001 | 11461679 |
| [the problem of the use of mercurials cosmetics in senegal (author's transl)]. | the use of skin-lightening preparations appears to be a problem for the coloured women in africa as well as for the black people in general. the mercurial creams occupy a place of choice into the most useful products for the skin depigmentation. an epidemiological study from twenty senegalese women using mercurials cosmetics has permitted to determine a mean value of 155,75 +/- 75,38 ppm hg in scalp hair while the normal level is less than 10 ppm. an experimental study was realised with monkeys ... | 1981 | 7302943 |
| initiation of a goal-directed movement in the monkey. role of the cerebellar dentate nucleus. | the participation of the dentate nucleus (dn) in the initiation of a voluntary movement was investigated in five baboons (papio papio). in these experiments, we have analyzed the effects of excluding the dn on the latency (reaction time, rt) of a learned goal-directed movement. two techniques were for excluding the dn. in three animals, the structure was cooled with a probe, stereotaxically implanted on the side ipsilateral to the active hand. in two others, a partial electrolytic destruction of ... | 1980 | 7428885 |
| absence of seizure activity following focal cerebral injection of enkephalins in a primate. | baboons (papio papio) with photosensitive have been chronically prepared with guide cannulae and deep electrodes to study the effects of focal injections of opioids. in the hippocampus, amygdala and thalamus (centre median) 50--100 micrograms morphine, 20--100 micrograms met-enkephalin or 2--10 micrograms fk 33,824 do not induce local or general electrographic or motor signs of epilepsy. the acute epileptogenic effect of morphine and enkephalins observed in rats is not a general phenomenon where ... | 1981 | 7302294 |
| [on the chromosomes of cercopithecidae papio-papio, macaca mulatta, cercopithecus aethiops, erythrocebus patas]. | | 1964 | 14210582 |
| mfasat: a new alphoid dna sequence isolated from macaca fascicularis (cercopithecidae, primates). | a new highly repeated dna fragment isolated from macaca fascicularis (mfasat) is described. our findings obtained by sequencing, southern blot analysis, and fluorescent in situ hybridization (fish) on metaphasic chromosomes strongly suggest that mfasat can be considered as a member of the alphoid dna family characteristic of old world monkeys. the chromosomal localization of mfasat, obtained by fish, showed that this alphoid dna is present in the peri-centromeric area of all the chromosomes. mfa ... | 1999 | 10659771 |
| relative digit lengths and testosterone levels in guinea baboons. | a growing body of literature suggests that the ratio of the lengths of the second to fourth digits (2d:4d) on human hands is sexually dimorphic and associated with prenatal exposure to gonadal hormones, circulating serum testosterone, and a number of psychological and behavioral measures. little research has investigated digit ratios in nonhuman species. in the present study, we investigated sex differences in digit ratios and their possible association with serum testosterone in a captive group ... | 2004 | 15053945 |
| intronic sequence motifs of hla-dqb1 are shared between humans, apes and old world monkeys, but a retroviral ltr element (dqltr3) is human specific. | long terminal repeats (ltrs) of the human endogenous retrovirus k (herv-k) family have been found at several sites within the human genome, of which one is located in the vicinity of hla-dqb1. since this dqltr3 is only present on some haplotypes, we performed a linkage analysis in 130 caucasian families. in order to date the integration event we also investigated the presence of this dqltr3 in apes and old world monkeys. additionally, we sequenced the adjacent region of dqltr3-positive and -nega ... | 1999 | 10395105 |
| pictorial gaze cues do not enhance long-tailed macaques' performance on a computerised object-location task. | the perception of pictorial gaze cues was examined in long-tailed macaques (macaca fascicularis). a computerised object-location task was used to explore whether the monkeys would show faster response time to locate a target when its appearance was preceded with congruent as opposed to incongruent gaze cues. despite existing evidence that macaques preferentially attend to the eyes in facial images and also visually orient with depicted gaze cues, the monkeys did not show faster response times on ... | 2006 | 16962253 |
| a study of the periocular projections towards the frontal cortex in papio papio. | | 2014 | 4129628 |
| co-localization of glycine and gaba immunoreactivity in interneurons in macaca monkey cerebellar cortex. | previous work demonstrates that the cerebellum uses glycine as a fast inhibitory neurotransmitter [ottersen op, davanger s, storm-mathisen j (1987) glycine-like immunoreactivity in the cerebellum of rat and senegalese baboon, papio papio: a comparison with the distribution of gaba-like immunoreactivity and with [3h]glycine and [3h]gaba uptake. exp brain res 66(1):211-221; ottersen op, storm-mathisen j, somogyi p (1988) colocalization of glycine-like and gaba-like immunoreactivities in golgi cell ... | 2006 | 16784818 |
| a review of the preclinical pharmacology of tiagabine: a potent and selective anticonvulsant gaba uptake inhibitor. | we review the neurochemical and behavioral profile of the selective gamma-aminobutyric acid (gaba) uptake inhibitor, (r)-n-(4,4-di-(3-methylthien-2-yl)but-3-enyl) nipecotic acid hydrochloride [tiagabine (tgb), previously termed nnc 05-0328, no 05-0328, and no-328], which is currently in phase iii clinical trials for epilepsy. tgb is a potent, and specific gaba uptake inhibitor. tgb lacks significant affinity for other neurotransmitter receptor binding sites and/or uptake sites. in electrophysiol ... | 1995 | 7555976 |
| [chromosome study of the monkey, papio papio]. | | 1964 | 14228194 |
| the effect of acth and hcg on adrenal steroidogenesis in the neonatal baboon (papio papio). | | 1992 | 206082 |
| control of the corridor illusion in baboons (papio papio) by gradient and linear-perspective depth cues. | the corridor illusion was recently demonstrated in baboons with background pictures containing rich depth information (barbet and fagot 2002, behavioural brain research 132 111-115). in the current research we determined the contribution of gradient texture and perspective lines to that illusion. in experiment 1, the corridor illusion was tested in two baboons, with pictures of a hallway as backgrounds, or the same image of the hallway represented by perspective lines. findings confirmed that th ... | 2007 | 17455754 |
| [photosensitive epilepsy in papio papio. a model of photosensitive epilepsy in humans]. | | 1973 | 18847049 |
| comparative analysis of muscle architecture in primate arm and forearm. | a comparative study of myological morphology, i.e. muscle mass (mm), muscle fascicle length and muscle physiological cross-sectional area (an indicator of the force capacity of muscles), was conducted in nine primate species: human (homo sapiens), chimpanzee (pan troglodytes), gibbon (hylobates spp.), papio (papio hamadryas), lutong (trachypithecus francoisi), green monkey (chlorocebus aethiops), macaque monkey (macaca spp.), capuchin monkey (cebus albifrons) and squirrel monkey (saimiri sciureu ... | 2010 | 19958344 |
| long-term associative memory capacity in man. | long-term episodic memory depends on the retention of associative information, such as the relationship between a friend's face and his name, a home and its neighborhood, and a mint and its odor. how many of these associative links can be stored and recalled? many have considered memory's capacity, but relevant data are scant. some previous experiments on humans have assessed the retention of thousands of visual impressions using forced-choice picture recognition and have concluded that there ar ... | 2009 | 19966258 |
| delta9-tetrahydrocannabinol and epilepsy in the photosensitive baboon, papio papio. | | 2015 | 4525183 |
| photosensitive epilepsy of the baboon papio papio. | | 2016 | 5085037 |
| processing of biological motion point-light displays by baboons (papio papio). | humans apply complex conceptual judgments to point-light displays (plds) representing biological motion (bm), but how animals process this kind of display remains uncertain. four baboons (papio papio) were trained to discriminate bm from nonbiological motion plds using an operant computerized test system. transfer tests were given after training with novel bm stimuli representing humans or baboons (experiment 1), with inverted plds (experiment 2), and with bm stimuli in which body parts had been ... | 2007 | 17924787 |
| relational matching in baboons (papio papio) with reduced grouping requirements. | analogical reasoning is a corner stone of human cognition, but the phylogenetic origins of this skill are still unknown. recent animal studies have suggested that only apes can solve the 2- by 2-item relational matching (rmts) analogy problem, with potential benefits of language- (premack, 1983) or token-training procedures (thompson, oden, & boysen, 1997). in this study, 6 baboons were initially trained in an rmts task in which the same and different relations were exemplified by compound stimu ... | 2010 | 20384399 |
| automated testing of cognitive performance in monkeys: use of a battery of computerized test systems by a troop of semi-free-ranging baboons (papio papio). | fagot and paleressompoulle (2009) published an automated learning device for monkeys (aldm) to test the cognitive functions of nonhuman primates within their social groups, but the efficiency of the aldm procedure with large groups remains unknown. in the present study, 10 aldm systems were provided ad lib to a troop of 26 semi-free-ranging baboons that were initially naive with computerized testing. the test program taught baboons to solve two-alternative forced choice (2afc) and matching-to-sa ... | 2010 | 20479182 |
| baboons (papio papio) spontaneously process the first-order but not second-order configural properties of faces. | a two-alternative forced-choice discrimination task was used to assess whether baboons (n=7) spontaneously process qualitative (i.e., first-order) or quantitative (i.e., second-order) variations in the configural arrangement of facial features. experiment 1 used as test stimuli second-order pictorial faces of humans or baboons in which the mouth and the eyes were rotated upside down relative to the normal face. baboons readily discriminated two different normal faces but did not discriminate a n ... | 2008 | 18027865 |
| comparison of grouping abilities in humans (homo sapiens) and baboons (papio papio) with the ebbinghaus illusion. | this research comparatively assessed grouping mechanisms of humans (n = 8) and baboons (n = 8) in an illusory task that employs configurations of target and surrounding circles arranged to induce the ebbinghaus (titchener) illusion. analyses of response behaviors and points of subjective equality demonstrated that only humans misjudged the central target size under the influence of the ebbinghaus illusion, whereas baboons expressed a more veridical perception of target sizes. it is argued that h ... | 2007 | 18085924 |
| patterns of gastro-intestinal parasites and commensals as an index of population and ecosystem health: the case of sympatric western chimpanzees (pan troglodytes verus) and guinea baboons (papio hamadryas papio) at fongoli, senegal. | the exponential decline of great apes over the past 50 years has resulted in an urgent need for data to inform population viability assessment and conservation strategies. health monitoring of remaining ape populations is an important component of this process. in support of this effort, we examined endoparasitic and commensal prevalence and richness as proxies of population health for western chimpanzees (pan troglodytes verus) and sympatric guinea baboons (papio hamadryas papio) at fongoli, se ... | 2011 | 20853397 |
| discrimination of contour-deleted images in baboons (papio papio) and chimpanzees (pan troglodytes). | humans readily group component elements into a coherent perceptual whole and perceive the global form of visual patterns in priority over local features, which stands in contrast to at least some data from the animal literature, suggesting possible species differences in perceptual processes. in this study, chimpanzees and baboons were required to match intact and partially contour-deleted line-drawings in a computerized task in order to further explore the ability of nonhuman primates to group ... | 2011 | 21225440 |
| preliminary lack of evidence for simian odour preferences of savanna populations of anopheles gambiae and other malaria vectors. | the behavioural response to several culicine and anopheline mosquitoes to the odour of alternative hosts (human vs monkey) arranged in a choice set-up using odour-baited entry traps (obets) was assessed in a field experiment in south-eastern senegal. the experimental protocol followed procedures analogous to those adopted in olfactometer laboratory tests. two adult cercopithecus aethiops and a child of similar mass slept inside separate tents and their odours were drawn to each one of two paired ... | 2001 | 12402527 |
| divergent simian t-cell lymphotropic virus type 3 (stlv-3) in wild-caught papio hamadryas papio from senegal: widespread distribution of stlv-3 in africa. | among eight samples obtained from a french primatology research center, six adult guinea baboons (papio hamadryas papio), caught in the wild in senegal, had a peculiar human t-cell leukemia virus type 2 (htlv-2)-like western blot seroreactivity (p24(+), gd21(+), k55(+/-)). partial sequence analyses of the tax genes (433 bp) indicated that these baboons were infected by a novel divergent simian t-cell lymphotropic virus (stlv). analyses of the complete proviral sequence (8,892 bp) for one of thes ... | 2003 | 12477886 |
| irregular xenoantibodies against human red blood cells in papio anubis, p ursinus, p hamadryas, p papio, saimiri sciureus, and macaca mulatta: possible effect on xenotransplantation results. | to assess the presence of irregular xenoantibodies against human red blood cells (rbcs) in 6 primate species used in xenotransplantation and other experimental procedures. | 2010 | 20172355 |
| discriminating the relation between relations: the role of entropy in abstract conceptualization by baboons (papio papio) and humans (homo sapiens). | two baboons (papio papio) successfully learned relational matching-to-sample: they picked the choice display that involved the same relation among 16 pictures (same or different) as the sample display, although the sample display shared no pictures with the choice displays. the baboons generalized relational matching behavior to sample displays created from novel pictures. further experiments varying the number of sample pictures and the mixture of same and different sample pictures suggested th ... | 2001 | 11676083 |
| conceptual thresholds for same and different in old-(macaca mulatta) and new-world (cebus apella) monkeys. | learning of the relational same/different (s/d) concept has been demonstrated to be largely dependent upon stimulus sets containing more than two items for pigeons and old-world monkeys. stimulus arrays containing several images for use in same/different discrimination procures (e.g. 16 identical images vs. 16 nonidentical images) have been shown to facilitate and even be necessary for learning of relational concepts (flemming et al., 2007; wasserman et al., 2001; young et al., 1997). in the pre ... | 2011 | 21238555 |
| the influence of cortisone on eeg and seizure activity in the baboon papio papio. | the ability of cortisone to modify eeg and seizure activity was investigated in the baboon, papio papio. acute intramuscular doses (0.5-4 mg/kg) caused a dose-dependent increase in seizure response to a flashing light stimulus. this increase in seizure response was apparent in both seizure duration and the spread of convulsive activity. along with enhancement of seizures, cortisone was found to cause marked changes in the eeg, ranging from the appearance of interictal paroxysmal activity to alte ... | 2000 | 89944 |
| proconvulsant, convulsant and other actions of the d- and l-stereoisomers of allylglycine in the photosensitive baboon, papio papio. | the effects of the intravenous or intracerebroventricular injection of the stereoisomers, and the racemic mixture, of allylglycine (2-amino-pent-4-enoic acid) have been studied in baboons, papio papio, with photosensitive epilepsy. enhancement of the natural syndrome of photosensitivy epilepsy is seen 1-12 h (maximally at 3-8 h) after l-allyglycine, 100 mg/kg, intravenously, or d,l-allyglycine, 200 mg/kg, intravenously. such enhancement is seen with a slower onset, and to a lesser, and more vari ... | 2000 | 89942 |
| centre-embedded structures are a by-product of associative learning and working memory constraints: evidence from baboons (papio papio). | influential theories have claimed that the ability for recursion forms the computational core of human language faculty distinguishing our communication system from that of other animals (hauser, chomsky, & fitch, 2002). in the present study, we consider an alternative view on recursion by studying the contribution of associative and working memory processes. after an intensive paired-associate training with visual shapes, we observed that baboons spontaneously ordered their responses in keeping ... | 2012 | 22225966 |
| anticonvulsant action of a 1,5-benzodiazepine, clobazam, in reflex epilepsy. | clobazam, an anxiolytic 1,5-benzodiazepine, has been evaluated as an anticonvulsant in 2 animal models. in mice showing sound induced seizures, clobazam, 1--4 mg/kg, i.p., blocked seizure responses for 1--2 hr. in senegalese baboons papio papio showing photically induced myoclonus or seizures, clobazam, 2--12 mg/kg, i.v., totally prevented such responses for up to 6 hr. in baboons pretreated with allylglycine, 170--185 mg/kg, a similar but briefer protection was induced by clobazam. neurological ... | 2001 | 98317 |
| reflex epilepsy in the papio-papio baboon, particularly photosensitive epilepsy. | papio-papio baboons may present two types of reflex paroxysmal manifestations: --myoclonia and generalized seizures are induced by intermittent light stimulation in predisposed animals; this photosensitive epilepsy resembles that observed in some human patients; it involves mainly the cerebral cortex during myoclonia which are accompanied by eeg paroxysmal discharges, and the mesencephalic reticular formation during seizures; --myoclonia of a different type, never accompanied by eeg paroxysmal d ... | 1995 | 7642345 |
| effects of melatonin on the photosensitive epilepsy of the baboon, papio papio. | the acute pharmacological effects of melatonin (5-methoxy-n-acetyl-tryptamine) were evaluated on behaviour and electrographic signs in the photosensitive baboon (papio papio), including visually evoked potentials veps). doses of 5 and 10 mg/kg i.v. had little effect, contrasting with the enhancement of spontaneous paroxysmal activity and latency of clinical signs elicited by intermittent light stimulation (ils) produced by the 20 and 50 mg/kg doses. moreover, a modification of the electrographic ... | 2001 | 60219 |
| photically induced seizures in the yellow baboon, papio cynocephalus. | significant susceptibility to photically induced seizures has in the past been observed only in senegales baboons (papio papio) and epileptic humans. however, we have unexpectedly observed a photomyoclonic response to intermittent photic stimulation in 5 of a sample of 6 yellow baboons (papio cynocephalus). | 2001 | 114296 |
| alterations in learning performance in the seizure-prone baboon: effects of elicited seizures and chronic treatment with diazepam and phenobarbital. | a comparison was made of the effects of chronically administered diazepam and phenobarbital with those of elicited seizures on repeated acquisition learning in 3 prepubertal papio papio. the learning task required the baboons each day to perform different sequences of lever presses on a three-lever behavior panel. middle dose levels of both diazepam and phenobarbital were found to improve learning performance relative to base-line control levels, as measured by total errors, efficiency, and time ... | 2001 | 98318 |
| [correlation between the regional blood volume and epileptic seizures in papio papio]. | the method of labelling red cells with technetium-99m was used to measured regional blood volume auring different types of epileptic seizures induced in the baboon papio papio. during seizures the cerebral blood volume increases and there is simultaneously a decrease of blood volume in nasal and hepatic regions, and a transitory increase of blood volume in the forepaws. | 2002 | 117933 |
| [stereotaxic anatomy of the cerebellar nuclei of the baboon (papio papio)]. | | 2016 | 5004900 |
| [preliminary results of electrographic effects on the section of the corpus callosum in photosensitive papio papio]. | | 2016 | 4995954 |
| Hair cortisol levels track phylogenetic and age related differences in hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis activity in non-human primates. | Hair has been shown to archive a uniquely time averaged signal of endocrine activity, and holds attractive advantages for both laboratory and field research. Prior research has explored the potential of hair hormone analysis to examine hormone-behavior relationships. To date, no research has focused on the potential of the technique to investigate age-related changes or taxon differences in endocrine function. It is known that non-human primate infants of many taxa exhibit high cortisol levels a ... | 2011 | 21893059 |
| high prevalence of antibodies against the bacterium treponema pallidum in senegalese guinea baboons (papio papio). | the bacterium treponema pallidum is known to cause syphilis (ssp. pallidum), yaws (ssp. pertenue), and endemic syphilis (ssp. endemicum) in humans. nonhuman primates have also been reported to be infected with the bacterium with equally versatile clinical manifestations, from severe skin ulcerations to asymptomatic. at present all simian strains are closely related to human yaws-causing strains, an important consideration for yaws eradication. we tested clinically healthy guinea baboons (papio p ... | 2015 | 26588087 |
| contrasted patterns of variation and evolutionary convergence at the antiviral oas1 gene in old world primates. | the oligoadenylate synthetase 1 (oas1) enzyme acts as an innate sensor of viral infection and plays a major role in the defense against a wide diversity of viruses. polymorphisms at oas1 have been shown to correlate with differential susceptibility to several infections of great public health significance, including hepatitis c virus, sars coronavirus, and west nile virus. population genetics analyses in hominoids have revealed interesting evolutionary patterns. in central african chimpanzee, oa ... | 2015 | 26156123 |
| a comparative study of working memory: immediate serial spatial recall in baboons (papio papio) and humans. | two experiments assessed if non-human primates can be meaningfully compared to humans in a non-verbal test of serial recall. a procedure was used that was derived from variations of the corsi test, designed to test the effects of sequence structure and movement path length in humans. two baboons were tested in experiment 1. the monkeys showed several attributes of human serial recall. these included an easier recall of sequences with a shorter number of items and of sequences characterized by a ... | 2011 | 22015260 |
| blockade of photically induced epilepsy by 'dopamine agonist' ergot alkaloids. | the effect of the intravenous administration of ergot alkaloids on epileptic responses to intermittent photic stimulation )ips) has been studied in adolescent baboons, papio papio, from senegal. ergocornine, 1--2 mg/kg, produced marked autonomic and behavioural effects, slowed the eeg, and abolished myoclonic responses to ips for 30--90 min. ergometrine, 1 mg/kg, activated the eeg and blocked the induction of myoclonic responses for 1--3 h. bromocriptine, 0.5--4 mg/kg, did not consistently preve ... | 1999 | 96470 |
| frequent attacks and anatomical lesions in the photosensitive papio papio. | | 2012 | 4103565 |
| drugs modifying dopaminergic activity and behaviour, the eeg and epilepsy in papio papio. | acute changes in spontaneous motor activity, the eeg and photically induced epileptic responses have been observed in baboons (papio papio) following the i.v. injection of drugs acting on dopaminergic transmission. apomorphine hydrochloride, 0.5-1.0 mg/kg, produced a phase of acute excitement with accentuated vigilance and abnormal buccal motor activity lasting 30-40 min; during this phase myoclonic responses to intermittent photic stimulation were absent. after piribedil (et 495, 1,2'' -pyrimid ... | 1991 | 1149807 |
| Age-dependant behavioral strategies in a visual search task in baboons (Papio papio) and their relation to inhibitory control. | A computerized visual search task was presented to 18 guinea baboons (Papio papio) ranging from 2.7 to 14.3 years of age. The task, inspired from Hick's (1952) task, required detection of a target among a variable number of distractors equidistant to a start button. The reaction times (RTs) and movement times both increased with the number of distractors expressed in bits of information. However, the slope of RT per bit function correlated positively with age, whereas a negative correlation was ... | 2011 | 22142038 |
| generalized relational matching by guinea baboons (papio papio) in two-by-two-item analogy problems. | analogical reasoning is considered the hallmark of human reasoning, but some studies have demonstrated that language- and symbol-trained chimpanzees can also reason analogically. despite the potential adaptive value of this ability, evidence from other studies strongly suggests that other nonhuman primates do not have this capacity for analogical reasoning. in our three experiments, 6 of 29 baboons acquired the ability to perform a relational matching-to-sample (rmts) task in which pairs of shap ... | 2011 | 21934135 |
| utilization of dehydroepiandrosterone and its sulphate for oestrogen production by pregnant baboons (papio papio). | the effect of varying maternal circulating 3beta-hydroxy-5-androsten-17-one (d) and its sulphate (ds) on urinary oestrogen (oe) excretion by baboons was determined between 65 and 174 days gestation (term = 184 days). oe (mainly oestrone) was determined by radioimmunoassay after enzymic hydrolysis of conjugates. increments in oe were estimated from the difference between oe during 5 days pre- and post-treatment. oestradiol-17beta (5 mg in 5.0 ml saline-ethanol, 1:1) administered iv increased (p l ... | 1995 | 176856 |
| insights into the genetic foundation of aggression in papio and the evolution of two length-polymorphisms in the promoter regions of serotonin-related genes (5-httlpr and maoalpr) in papionini. | aggressive behaviors are an integral part of competitive interactions. there is considerable variation in aggressiveness among individuals both within and among species. aggressiveness is a quantitative trait that is highly heritable. in modern humans and macaques (macaca spp.), variation in aggressiveness among individuals is associated with polymorphisms in the serotonergic (5-ht) neurotransmitter system. to further investigate the genetics underlying interspecific variation in aggressiveness, ... | 2016 | 27287312 |
| bloodfeeding patterns of sylvatic arbovirus vectors in southeastern senegal. | dengue (denv), yellow fever (yfv) and chikungunya (chikv) viruses circulate in sylvatic, enzootic transmission cycles in southeastern senegal, but understanding of the vector-host interactions involved is limited. | 0 | 23423342 |
| [electrophysiological effects of psilocybin in a cercopithecinae, papio papio]. | | 2014 | 4182890 |
| speciation in the baboon and its relation to gamma-chain heterogeneity and to the response to induction of hbf by 5-azacytidine. | in the baboon (papio species), the two nonallelic gamma-genes produce gamma-chains that differ at a minimum at residue 75, where isoleucine (i gamma-chain) or valine (v gamma) may be present. this situation obtains in baboons that are sometimes designated as papio anubis, papio hamadryas, and papio papio. however, in papio cynocephalus, although the i gamma-chains are identical with those in the above mentioned types, the v gamma-chains have the substitutions ala----gly at residue 9 and ala----v ... | 1984 | 6201212 |
| proceedings: examination of neural mechanism involved in photogenic seizure susceptibility in epileptic senegalese baboon: papio papio. | | 2015 | 4680334 |
| chimpanzees routinely fish for algae with tools during the dry season in bakoun, guinea. | wild chimpanzees regularly use tools, made from sticks, leaves, or stone, to find flexible solutions to the ecological challenges of their environment. nevertheless, some studies suggest strong limitations in the tool-using capabilities of chimpanzees. in this context, we present the discovery of a newly observed tool-use behavior in a population of chimpanzees (pan troglodytes verus) living in the bakoun classified forest, guinea, where a temporary research site was established for 15 months. b ... | 2017 | 27813136 |
| bilateral hydronephrosis secondary to endometriosis managed by endoscopic ureteral stent placement in a captive guinea baboon (papio papio). | spontaneous endometriosis is an estrogen-dependent, progressive and painful disease that affects a variety of nonhuman primates, including several species of baboons (papio sp.). this case documents multimodal management of severe endometriosis in a captive female baboon within a zoological institution. an 18-yr-old, intact female guinea baboon (papio papio) was found to have an enlarged uterus. fifteen months post ovariohysterctomy, scarring associated with endometrial tissue resulted in ureter ... | 2011 | 22204076 |
| tissue specificity of the acrosomal protein sp-10: a contraceptive vaccine candidate molecule. | the tissue specificity of the intra-acrosomal protein sp-10 was examined by northern blot and polymerase chain reaction (pcr) analysis. messenger rna from 36 tissues in the female baboon (papio papio) was isolated, separated on agarose gels, transferred to nylon, and probed with either sp-10, beta-actin, or cyclophilin cdna. northern blots, which were processed at both low and high stringency, showed sp-10 to be expressed exclusively in the testis. the mrna from each tissue was also reverse tran ... | 1994 | 8167233 |
| observations on the susceptibility of sooty mangabeys (cerococebus fuliginosus) and a baboon (papio papio) to poliomyelitis. | | 1947 | 20255498 |
| can old-world and new-world monkeys judge spatial above/below relations to be the same or different? some of them, but not all of them. | chimpanzees (pan troglodytes) with the aid of token training can achieve analogical reasoning, or the ability to understand relations-between-relations (e.g., premack, 1976; thompson, oden, & boysen, 1997). however, extraordinarily few numbers of old- and new-world monkeys have demonstrated this ability in variants of relational matching to sample tasks. moreover, the rarity of replications leaves open the question of whether the results are normative for other captive colonies of the same speci ... | 2016 | 26581319 |
| calcification of thymic hassal's corpuscles in prenatal and postnatal nonhuman primates. | calcification of thymic hassal's corpuscles was found in three prematurely delivered fetuses, one each of the species papio papio, macaca mulatta, and saimiri sciureus. the cause of these lesions was not determined. | 1980 | 7464030 |
| non-abo blood group systems phenotyping in non-human primates for blood banking laboratory and xenotransplantation. | some biomedical research procedures, such as organ xenotransplantation, usually require intensive hemotherapy. knowledge of the whole phenotype of blood donor and graft could be useful in the field of xenotransplantation. human and simian-type categories of blood groups have been established and they can be tested by standard methods used for human blood grouping. the aim of this work was to study the incidence of non-abo blood group systems in different species of non-human primates, which are ... | 2013 | 23563364 |