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[effects of rehmannia glutinosa, plastrum testudinis, aconitum carmichaeli and cinnamomum cassia on the beta-adrenergic receptors of hyperthyroid rat kidneys]. 19863028655
[experimental effect of rehmannia glutinosa on the pituitary and adrenal cortex in a glucocorticoid inhibition model using rabbits]. 19883409436
a study on the mutagenicity of 102 raw pharmaceuticals used in chinese traditional medicine.the mutagenic potential of traditional chinese drugs was studied. after extraction with boiling water and frozen vacuum drying, preparations from 102 raw drugs were tested with the ames test, and the micronucleus and chromosomal aberration assays in mice in vivo. astragalus mongholicus bunge (+s9), sophora japonica l. (+/- s9) and eucommia ulmoides oliv. (+/- s9) were found to significantly induce his+ revertants in salmonella typhimurium ta98 and/or ta100. besides these 3, 10 other extracts wer ...19912027343
[hypoglycemic activity of polysaccharide fraction from rhizome of rehmannia glutinosa libosch. f. hueichingensis hsiao and the effect on carbohydrate metabolism in normal mouse liver].the ethanol precipitate fraction (rg-wp) obtained from the hot water extract from rhizome of rehmannia glutinosa libosch. f. hueichingensis hsiao is mainly composed of pectin-like polysaccharide, and exhibited hypoglycemic activity in normal and streptozotocin-induced mice by intraperitoneal administration of the fraction. the results obtained after chemical modification and proteinase treatments of rg-wp suggest that the activity exists in the polysaccharide moiety. furthermore, the effect of r ...19921432591
shi-quan-da-bu-tang (ten significant tonic decoction), sqt. a potent chinese biological response modifier in cancer immunotherapy, potentiation and detoxification of anticancer drugs.shi-quan-da-bu-tang (ten significant tonic decoction), or sqt (juzentaihoto, tj-48) was formulated by taiping hui-min ju (public welfare pharmacy bureau) in chinese song dynasty in ad 1200. it is prepared by extracting a mixture of ten medical herbs (rehmannia glutinosa, paeonia lactiflora, liqusticum wallichii, angelica sinesis, glycyrrhiza uralensis, poria cocos, atractylodes macrocephala, panax ginseng. astragalus membranaceus and cinnamomum cassia) that tone the blood and vital energy, and s ...19921294861
[32 cases of postoperative osteogenic sarcoma treated by chemotherapy combined with chinese medicinal herbs].32 cases of postoperative osteogenic sarcoma treated by chemotherapy combined with chinese medicinal herbs were compared with 26 similar cases as control group. the drugs used in chemotherapy consisted of two regimens, ddp and high-dose mtx plus vcr. the results showed that the side effects of chemotherapy in control group were consistent with literatures; while the group treated with chinese medicinal herbs suffered less toxic effects, the difference between two groups was statistically signifi ...19938339032
[determination of hepatocyte adrenergic alpha 1 receptor and study on actions of nourishing yin and replenishing qi drugs in experimental hyperthyroid rats].in this study, hyperthyroid rat models (group 1) were established by daily intramuscular injections of thyroxine for 7 days. group 2 were hyperthyroid rats receiving at the same time nourishing yin and replenishing qi drugs (ophiopogonis japonis, pseudostellariae heterophylla and rehmannia glutinosa). normal rats served as controls. group 1 and group 2 rats showed manifestations of hyperthyroidism, higher rectal temperature, increased o2 consumption, as well as significantly higher serum tt3 and ...19948044019
studies on rehmanniae radix. i. effect of 50% ethanolic extract from steamed and dried rehmanniae radix on hemorheology in arthritic and thrombosic rats.effects of 50% ethanolic extract (jr-ext) from chinese rehmanniae radix (the steamed and dried root of rehmannia glutinosa, "jyuku-jio" in japanese) on the hemorheology of inflammatory, thrombosic and intact animals were examined in the in vivo models. jr-ext (200 mg/kg, p.o.) inhibited the reduction of fibrinolytic activity and erythrocyte deformability, the decrease in erythrocyte counts and the increase in connective tissue of the thoracic artery in a chronic inflammatory model, adjuvant-indu ...19947841954
structural features and anti-complementary activity of rehmannan sa, a polysaccharide from the root of rehmannia glutinosa.the structural features of rehmannan sa, a polysaccharide with remarkable reticuloendothelial system-potentiating activity obtained from the root of rehmannia glutinosa, were investigated by methylation analysis and periodate oxidation. rehmannan sa is mainly made up of arabino-3,6-galactan type structural units. both rehmannan sa and rehmannan sb showed pronounced anti-complementary activity.19947954919
[chemical studies on crude drug processing. x. on the constituents of rehmanniae radix (4): comparison of the constituents of various rehmanniae radixes originating in china, korea, and japan].in order to characterize the chemical change of their constituents during the processing of various rehmanniae radixes, we have investigated the constituents by comparing with those of chinese juku-jio (variously processed root of chinese rehmannia sp.), korean kan-jio (dried root of korean rehmannia sp.) and each two species of japanese sho-jio (fresh root), japanese kan-jio (dried root), and japanese juku-jio (steamed root), prepared from rehmannia glutinosa libosch. var. purpurea makino (akay ...19958587039
[studies on rehmanniae radix. iii. the relation between changes of constituents and improvable effects on hemorheology with the processing of roots of rehmannia glutinosa].the relation between constituents and effects on hemorheology with processing of root of rehmannia glutinosa was investigated. with the processing to dried or steamed root from crude root, the content of stachyose, which was the highest component in crude root, was decreased and the content of manninotriose was increased. iridoid glycoside, catalpol, was gradually decreased with the processing. from these results, the content of carbohydrates and catalpol made it possible to estimate the quality ...19968717282
[historical investigation on herbal and medical literatures of processing and effect of rehmanniae radix].the radix of rehmannia glutinosa has been applied to medicinal use since ancient times, and has been called kiou in the han dynasty and has been classified by prepared methods, with each preparation given a different name. there were syoujiou, kanjiou and zyukujiou etc. the first was introduced in the sinnou-honzoukyou and the first and second had been used to prepare some prescriptions contained in the kinki-youryaku and so on. the third began to appear on the medical and herbal literatures fro ...199611619111
effect of rehmannia glutinosa on immediate type allergic reaction.we investigated the effect of aqueous extract of rehmannia glutinosa steamed root (rgae) on the allergic reactions in vivo and in vitro. rgae dose-dependently inhibited systemic allergic reaction induced by compound 48/80. when rgae was pre-treated at the same concentrations with systemic allergic reaction test, the plasma histamine levels were reduced in a dose-dependent manner. rgae dose-dependently inhibited skin allergic reaction activated by anti-dinitrophenyl (dnp) ige. rgae also dose-depe ...19989730258
liu-wei-dihuang: a study by pulse analysis.pulse analysis method was used in studying the traditional chinese formula liu-wei-dihuang as well as five of its main components (rehmannia glutinosa, cornus officinalis, paeonia suffruticosa, poria cocos and alisma plantogo-aquatica var oriental). based on our recently developed resonance theory, we tried to elucidate the mechanism and mutual reactions of these meridian related herbs. hot water herbal extracts were injected intraperitoneally into rats and the pressure pulse spectrum at the cau ...19989592596
rehmannia glutinosa inhibits tumour necrosis factor-alpha and interleukin-1 secretion from mouse astrocytes.we investigated whether an aqueous extract of rehmannia glutinosa steamed root (rgae) inhibits secretion of tumour necrosis factor-alpha (tnf-alpha) and interleukin-1 (il-1) from primary cultures of mouse astrocytes. rgae dose-dependently inhibited the tnf-alpha secretion by astrocytes stimulated with substance p (sp) and lipopolysaccharide (lps). il-1 has been shown to elevate tnf-alpha secretion from lps-stimulated astrocytes while having no effect on astrocytes in the absence of lps. we there ...199910433877
influence of traditional chinese anti-inflammatory medicinal plants on leukocyte and platelet functions.the enzymes 5-lipoxygenase and elastase are therapeutic targets in dermatological disorders such as psoriasis. fifteen extracts from traditional chinese medicinal plants used to treat topical inflammations were screened for their inhibitory effect on lipoxygenase, cyclooxygenase and elastase activity in intact leukocytes and platelets. astragalus membranaceus, forsythia suspensa and poria cocos inhibited 5-lipoxygenase, with ic50 values of 141, 80 and 141 microg ml(-1), respectively. the latter ...200314604471
induction of phenylalanine ammonia-lyase gene expression by paraquat and stress-related hormones in rehmannia glutinosa.rehmannia glutinosa is a medicinal herb that is tolerant to the non-selective herbicide paraquat. acteoside, a phenolic compound present in the plant, has been shown to inhibit paraquat. to understand regulation of the phenylpropanoid pathway that produces the acteoside moiety, we isolated a phenylalanine ammonia-lyase (pal) cdna clone (rgpal1) and used it to examine pal expression. the deduced 712 amino acid sequence of the open reading frame contains the conserved active site and potential pho ...200314503842
effect of rehmannia glutinosa libosch extracts on bone metabolism.rehmannia glutinosa libosch extracts (rgx) were investigated to determine if they play roles in bone metabolism.200312867291
the activities of antioxidant enzymes in response to oxidative stresses and hormones in paraquat-tolerant rehmannia glutinosa plants.all members of r. glutinosa show the unique characteristic of intrinsic tolerance to paraquat (pq). antioxidant enzymes have been proposed to be the primary mechanism of pq resistance in several plant species. therefore, the antioxidant enzyme systems of r. glutinosa were evaluated by comparatively analyzing cellular antioxidant enzyme levels, and their responses of oxidative stresses and hormones. the levels of ascorbate peroxidase (apx), glutathione reductase (gr), non-specific peroxidase (pox ...200415479627
stachyose extract from rehmannia glutinosa libosch. to lower plasma glucose in normal and diabetic rats by oral administration.the hypoglycemic effects of water extract and stachyose extract (part iii) from rehmannia glutinosa libosch. were investigated in this paper by oral administration to normal, glucose- and adrenaline-induced hyperglycemic and alloxan-induced diabetic rats. the results showed that part iii had the effect of lowering fasted plasma glucose level and partially preventing hyperglycemia induced by glucose (2.5 g x kg(-1), i.p.) and adrenaline (300 microg x kg(-1), i.p.), respectively, but no obvious do ...200415296094
antiosteoporotic activity of the water extract of dioscorea spongiosa.after 60 meoh and water extracts of natural crude drugs were screened for their ability to stimulate osteoblast proliferation, four meoh extracts (cynomorium songaricum, drynaria fortunei, lycium chinense, rehmannia glutinosa) and seven water extracts (cornus officinalis, dendrobium nobile, dioscorea spongiosa, drynaria fortunei, eucommia ulmoides, lycium chinensis, viscum coloratum) showed that potent activities were evaluated for inhibition of osteoclast formation. the results indicated that t ...200415056872
hypoglycemic effect of rehmannia glutinosa oligosaccharide in hyperglycemic and alloxan-induced diabetic rats and its mechanism.the hypoglycemic and anti-diabetic effect of rehmannia glutinosa oligosaccharide (ros) in glucose-induced hyperglycemic and alloxan-induced diabetic rats and its mechanism was investigated in this paper. it was found that pretreatment of ros in normal rats with 100 mg/kg for 3 days, i.p., induced a partial prevention of hyperglycemia caused by glucose (2g/kg, i.p.), while when hyperglycemia was induced in adrenalectomized (adx) rats, the preventive effect of ros on hyperglycemia was lost. in all ...200414698506
antioxidant property of an active component purified from the leaves of paraquat-tolerant rehmannia glutinosa.acteoside extracted from the leaves of rehmannia glutinosa was examined to determine the mechanism(s) of its antioxidant properties. the deoxyribose assay system showed that acteoside has a high redox potential as electron donor, which generates hydroxyl radicals in an fe3+-dependent manner similar to ascorbic acid. however, the antioxidant properties of acteoside differ from those of ascorbic acid in that the superoxide anion-mediated reduction of nitroblue tetrazolium was actively inhibited by ...200516438803
[discovery of the main active constituents of siwu mixture for reversing the multidrug resistance of human erythrocyte leukemic cell line k562/adm].to study the main active constituents of siwu mixture for reversing the multidrug resistance (mdr) of human erythrocyte leukemic cell line k562/adm.200516011098
[the correlation between 2d-ir and hplc in dried rehmannia glutinosa processed by different processing techniques].to establish one easier and higher efficient method of evaluating the quality of dried rehmanwa glutinosa processed by different processing techniques in different producing areas.200516011092
hot water-extracted lycium barbarum and rehmannia glutinosa inhibit proliferation and induce apoptosis of hepatocellular carcinoma cells.to investigate the effect of hot water-extracted lycium barbarum (lbe) and rehmannia glutinosa (rge) on cell proliferation and apoptosis in rat and/or human hepatocellular carcinoma (hcc) cells.200616874858
rehmannia glutinosa induces glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor gene expression in astroglial cells via cpkc and erk1/2 pathways independently.among four herbs of traditional chinese medicines (tcms) used in the therapy of dementia, rehmannia glutinosa (rg) was found to induce the gene expression of glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor (gdnf) in c6 glioblastoma cells and primary cultured astrocytes. the rg-induced gdnf mrna up-regulation in c6 glioblastoma cells was completely attenuated by the presence of a pan-specific protein kinase c (pkc) inhibitor (ro-31-8220) and a mapk/erk kinase 1 (mek1) inhibitor (u0126). a conventiona ...200616600621
herbal formulation, yukmi-jihang-tang-jahage, regulates bone resorption by inhibition of phosphorylation mediated by tyrosine kinase src and cyclooxygenase expression.anti-bone resorption properties of the korean herbal medicine, yukmi-jihang-tang (yj), which is comprised of seven herbs such as rehmannia glutinosa libosch, dioscorea japonica thunb, cornus officinalis sieb et. zucc, smilax glabra roxb, paeonia suffruticosa andr, alisma platago-aquatica var. orientale samuels and hominis placenta, were investigated. cyclooxygenase-2 (cox-2) and tyrosine kinase involve on prostaglandin e2 (pge2) production in mouse calvarial osteoblasts stimulated by cytokine in ...200616513308
catalpol protects dopaminergic neurons from lps-induced neurotoxicity in mesencephalic neuron-glia cultures.inflammation plays an important role in the pathogenesis of parkinson's disease (pd). microglia, the resident immune cells in the central nervous system, are pivotal in the inflammatory reaction. activated microglia can induce expression of inducible nitric-oxide synthase (inos) and release significant amounts of nitric oxide (no) and tnf-alpha, which can damage the dopaminergic neurons. catalpol, an iridoid glycoside, contained richly in the roots of rehmannia glutinosa, was found to be neuropr ...200617049947
rehmannia glutinosa activates intracellular antioxidant enzyme systems in mouse auditory cells.steamed roots of rehmannia glutinosa (r. glutinosa) have been traditionally used in oriental medicine for the treatment of auditory diseases such as tinnitus and hearing loss. to investigate whether the ethanol extract of steamed roots of r. glutinosa (srg) increases activity of antioxidant enzymes and the level of glutathione (gsh), we measured activities of superoxide dismutase (sod), catalase (cat), glutathione peroxidase (gpx), and glutathione reductase (gr) and gsh level in hei-oc1 cells af ...200617163596
[hairy root induction and plant regeneration of rehmannia glutinosa libosch. f. hueichingensis (chao et schih) hsiao transformed by agrobacterium rhizogenes].an efficient system of genetic transformation and plant regeneration was established in rehmannia glutinosa libosch. f. hueichingensis (chao et schih) hsiao by infecting the segments of leaves, stems and petioles of young regenerated plantlets with agrobacterium rhizogenes strain 15834. hairy roots were produced directly from the wounded surface of the explants on hormone-free murashige and skoog (ms) medium after infection by a. rhizogenes. transformed roots grew rapidly either on solid or on l ...200717966459
[rapd analysis on genetic relationship among varieties of rehmannia glutinosa].to define the genetic relationship and other genetic characters of different varieties of rehmannia glutinosa.200718051891
[effect of rehmannia glutinosa water extraction on insulin resistance and gene expression of resistin in type 2 diabetes mellitus rats].to investigate the effect of rehmannia glutinosa water extraction (rgl) on adipose metabolic disorder and gene expression of resistin in type 2 diabetes mellitus rats.200718306758
[effects of successive cropping rehmannia glutinosa on rhizosphere soil microbial flora and enzyme activities].with the soils cropped rehmannia glutinosa for one and two years as test materials, this paper studied the variations of microbial flora and enzyme activities in rhizosphere. the results showed that with increasing year of cropping, the numbers of bacteria and fungi in rihzosphere had a slight decrease. in the soil successively cropped r. glutinosa for two years, the number of actinomycetes in rihzosphere was 4 times higher, the ammonifier, aerobic azotobacter, sulphate reducer, denitrifier, and ...200718333450
[experimental research about the effect of rehmannia glutinosa on the drug effect fingerprints of the rabbit's blood serum of yin deficiency and heat flourishing syndrome].to study about the effect of rehmannia glutinosa libosch on the drug effect fingerprints of the rabbit's blood serum of yin deficiency and heat flourishing syndrome.200718422187
neuroprotective activities of catalpol on mpp+/mptp-induced neurotoxicity.catalpol is an iridoid glycoside, distributed in the roots of rehmannia glutinosa libosch. in vitro results showed that preincubation with catalpol (0.5-0.5 mm) for 0.5 hours before and during 48 hour exposure to 0.2 mm mpp+ appeared to be significant protective effect while catalopl was considerably less effective at the doses of 0.001 to 0.01 mm. the addition of catalpol at the dose of 0.05-0.5 mm significantly increased da and dopac to mpp+ treated group. c57bl/6 mice received administration ...200818423111
rehmannia inhibits adipocyte differentiation and adipogenesis.rehmannia glutinosa, a traditional chinese medicine (tcm), has been used to increase physical strength. here, we report that rehmannia glutinosa extract (re) inhibits adipocyte differentiation and adipogenesis. re impairs differentiation of 3t3-l1 preadipocytes in a dose-dependent manner. at the molecular level, treatment with re inhibits expression of the key adipocyte differentiation regulator c/ebpbeta, as well as c/ebpalpha and the terminal marker protein 422/ap2, during differentiation of p ...200818395006
[effect of rehmannia glutinosa libosch water extraction on gene expression of proinsulin in type 2 diabetes mellitus rats].to investigate the mechanisms of treating 2-dm by rehmannia glutinosa libosch water extraction (rgle).200818619246
protective effects of catalpol against h2o2-induced oxidative stress in astrocytes primary cultures.it has been proposed that ros production, including h(2)o(2), may lead to neurodegenerative disorders such as parkinson's disease and alzheimer's disease. catalpol, an iridoid glycoside, presents in the root of rehmannia glutinosa, protects cells and mice from damage caused by a variety of toxic stimuli. in this study, we investigated whether catalpol could protect astrocytes from oxidant stress induced by h(2)o(2) because of the critical role of astrocytes in the brain and found the possible me ...200818652878
characterization of the anti-diabetic and antioxidant effects of rehmannia glutinosa in streptozotocin-induced diabetic wistar rats.this study investigated the effects of rehmannia glutinosa individually as well as in combination with the oral hypoglycemic agent, metformin in streptozotocin (stz)-induced diabetic wistar rats. r. glutinosa ethanolic extract was prepared and the constituents were characterized using fractionation by column chromatography, followed by high performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry. stz (65 mg/kg) was injected intraperitoneally to induce diabetes in wistar rats. the diabetic rats were ...200819051338
further pharmacological evidence of the neuroprotective effect of catalpol from rehmannia glutinosa.we have previously evaluated the neuroprotective effect of catalpol on aging mice induced by d-galactose, in which catalpol treatment ameliorated cognition deficits and attenuated oxidative damage in mice brain. to thoroughly elucidate the anti-aging effects of catalpol, the liver and spleen antioxidative systems and energy metabolism in senescent mice induced by d-galactose have been studied. except control group, mice were subcutaneously injected with d-galactose (150mgkg(-1)body weight) for 6 ...200818281203
association of 'candidatus phytoplasma asteris' with yellowing and phyllody of plantago lanceolata.long plantains (plantago lanceolata l.) with symptoms resembling those associated with phytoplasma infection were observed repeatedly during the period 2000-2008 in southern bohemia (czech republic). the symptoms of the plants were leaf yellowing, stunted growth, flower phyllody and lack of seed production. transmission electron microscopy showed phytoplasmas in the sieve cells of affected plants but not in healthy ones. association of phytoplasmas with the disease was confirmed by polymerase ch ...200919937222
rehmannia glutinosa ameliorates the progressive renal failure induced by 5/6 nephrectomy.rehmannia glutinosa, the steamed root of the scrophulariaceae family, has been widely used in asian countries for the treatment of renal diseases. in this study, we evaluated the renoprotective effect of aqueous extract of rehmannia glutinosa in progressive renal failure.200919146934
catapol production in chinese foxglove (rehmannia glutinosa libos.) hairy roots transformed with agrobacterium rhizogenes atcc15834.hairy root clones of rehmannia glutinosa were established via transformation with agrobacterium rhizogenes atcc15834. to optimize the culturing conditions for both root growth and catalpol production, the effects of various combinations of seven basal media, ph, and carbon sources were examined in the dark. the fastest root growth was obtained in an sh medium containing 4% sucrose, ph 5.8. the highest catalpol content (0.54% dry weight) was achieved in a wpm medium supplemented with 4% sucrose, ...200919521851
mechanisms of inhibiting proliferation of vascular smooth muscle cells by serum of rats treated with dahuang zhechong pill.dahuang zhechong pill (dhzcp), a famous and classical chinese herbal prescription, consists of twelve traditional chinese drugs: eupolyphaga sinensis walker., rheum officinale baill., scutellaria baicalensis georgi., glycyrrhiza uralensis fisch., prunus persica batsch., prunus armeniaca l., paeonia lactiflora pall., rehmannia glutinosa libosch., toxicodendron vernicifluum f.a. barkl., tabanus bivittatus mats., hirudo nipponica whitman. and holotrichia diomphalia bates., and is clinically used to ...200919527826
catalpol ameliorates beta amyloid-induced degeneration of cholinergic neurons by elevating brain-derived neurotrophic factors.the purpose of this work is to study the effect of catalpol, an iridoid from rehmannia glutinosa on neurodegenerative changes induced by beta-amyloid peptide abeta(25-35) or abeta(25-35)+ibotenic acid and the underlying mechanism. results showed that catalpol significantly improved the memory deficits in the neurodegenerative mouse model produced by injection of abeta(25-35)+ibotenic acid to the nucleus magnocellularis basalis, yet it is neither a cholinesterase inhibitor nor a muscarinic (m) re ...200919635525
effects of aif on knee osteoarthritis patients: double-blind, randomized placebo-controlled study.anti-inflammatory factor (aif) is a water soluble extract of three herbs, panax notoginseng (burk.) f. h. chen, rehmannia glutinosa libosch and eleutherococcus senticosus. the present study aimed to investigate the safety and efficacy of herb extracts, aif, on korean knee osteoarthritis patients for six weeks. fifty seven patients with knee osteoarthritis, ranging from 43 to 73 years of age, who fulfilled the "american college of rheumatology" (acr) classification of idiopathic osteoarthritis of ...200919885024
comparing the effects of distilled rehmannia glutinosa, wild ginseng and astragali radix pharmacopuncture with heart rate variability (hrv): a randomized, sham-controlled and double-blind clinical trial.this study compared the effects of distilled rehmannia glutinosa, wild ginseng and astragali radix pharmacopuncture on the autonomic nervous system and heart rate variability. the purpose of the trial was to observe the influence distilled astragali radix, wild ginseng and rehmannia glutinosa pharmacopuncture have on the autonomic nervous system. 120 healthy male volunteers were divided into four groups, which consisted of three experimental groups and a control group. this study was a randomize ...200920633498
topical application of rehmannia glutinosa extract inhibits mite allergen-induced atopic dermatitis in nc/nga mice.rehmannia glutinosa is known in asia as a traditional herbal medicine with anti-inflammatory properties. atopic dermatitis (ad) is an inflammatory skin disease associated with enhanced t-helper 2 (th2) lymphocyte responses to allergens that results in elevated serum ige levels and leukocyte infiltration. although some studies have shown that rehmannia glutinosa extract (rge) has anti-inflammatory and anti-allergic activities, these properties have not been demonstrated in ad. this study investig ...201021129471
catalpol inhibits apoptosis in hydrogen peroxide-induced endothelium by activating the pi3k/akt signaling pathway and modulating expression of bcl-2 and bax.catalpol, an iridoid glucoside found in the root of rehmannia glutinosa libosch, has been demonstrated to reduce apoptosis in neuronal cell lines. recent data suggests that catalpol also exerts anti-apoptotic effects on other cell types. the aim of the present study was to investigate whether catalpol protects against hydrogen peroxide (h(2)o(2)) induced apoptosis in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (huvecs). apoptotic cells were detected by terminal deoxyribonucleotidyl transferase-mediat ...201019962976
catalpol attenuates mptp induced neuronal degeneration of nigral-striatal dopaminergic pathway in mice through elevating glial cell derived neurotrophic factor in striatum.the protective effect of an iridoid catalpol extracted and purified from the traditional chinese medicinal herb rehmannia glutinosa on the neuronal degeneration of nigral-striatal dopaminergic pathway was studied in a chronic 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,4-tetrahydropyridine (mptp)/probenecid c57bl/6 mouse model and in 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridimium (mpp(+)) intoxicated cultured mesencephalic neurons. rotarod performance revealed that the locomotor ability of mice was significantly impaired after comple ...201020123001
the effects of the chinese herbal medicine emf01 on salicylate-induced tinnitus in rats.traditional chinese medicine (tcm) has been reported to successfully alleviate tinnitus, although well-controlled studies have not been conducted. in this study, we attempted to test a tcm, er ming fang (emf01) containing rehmannia glutinosa, cornus officinalis, salvia mittiorrhiza, pueraria, schisandra chinensis, poria cocos and platycodon grandiflorum, on salicylate-induced tinnitus in rats, using a conditioned lick suppression paradigm.201020138209
antihyperglycemic effect of catalpol in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats.the antihyperglycemic effect of catalpol (1) purified from the roots of rehmannia glutinosa was investigated in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats (stz-diabetic rats) representing insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. bolus intravenous injection of 1 showed antihyperglycemic activity in a dose-dependent manner in stz-diabetic rats. an effective dose of 0.1 mg/kg 1 significantly attenuated the increase of plasma glucose induced by an intravenous glucose challenge test in normal rats. catalpol en ...201020518543
[isolation and identification of endophytic fungi from different swollen root of rehmannia glutinosa].the swollen root of rehmannia glutinosa is used as one kind of important chinese traditional medicine. the root of r. glutinosa usually swelled in rotational cropping but not in continuous cropping. the rhizosphere microorganisms of r. glutinosa under different farming condition were thought related to that. in this study, the endophytic fungi in the root of r. glutinosa growing in various soil conditions were isolated for the study of the relationship between the microorganisms and the root enl ...201020862955
[exploration into rules of combined chinese and western medical treatment on immune infertility].in order to explore the rules of combined chinese and western medical treatment on immune infertility, the study was carried out by searching relative primary documents from databases and 26 articles (dealing with 5865 cases) were screened out. excel was used to perform the frequency analysis on the western drugs and 27 chinese recipes emerging in the documents separately. it was discovered that the combined use of chinese and western medicines has its superiority. low dose glucocorticoids toget ...201020535936
Neuroprotective effects of a traditional herbal prescription on transient cerebral global ischemia in gerbils.Kyung-Ok-Ko (KOK), a traditional herbal prescription composed of Rehmannia glutinosa var. purpurae, Panax ginseng, Poria cocos, Lycium chinense, Aquillaria agallocha and honey, has been used to treat age-related symptoms, such as amnesia or dementia, and has been shown to ameliorate scopolamine-induced memory impairment in mice. However, the effects of KOK on transient cerebral global ischemia-induced brain damage are unclear.201122020275
comparative metaproteomic analysis on consecutively rehmannia glutinosa-monocultured rhizosphere soil.the consecutive monoculture for most of medicinal plants, such as rehmannia glutinosa, results in a significant reduction in the yield and quality. there is an urgent need to study for the sustainable development of chinese herbaceous medicine.201121655235
effects of a multi-herbal extract on type 2 diabetes. 201121375727
plasma glucose lowering mechanisms of catalpol, an active principle from roots of rehmannia glutinosa, in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats.catalpol is one of the active principles from roots of rehmannia glutinosa steud (scrophulariaceae) that is widely used to treat diabetic disorders in chinese traditional medicine using the name of di-huang, which is used to investigate the mechanisms for lowering of plasma glucose in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats (stz-diabetic rats). catalpol decreased plasma glucose in a dose-related manner, and this action was reduced by pretreatment with naloxone or naloxonazine. an increase of plasma ...201121391677
[research on abatement measures of allelopathic autotoxicity of rehmannia glutinosa].to explore effects on allelopathic autotoxicity of rehmannia glutinosa of different abatement measures.201121598529
review of the traditional chinese medicine formula, rehmannia six formula, on diabetes mellitus and its complications.rehmannia six formula (rf) is a formula which is commonly used to treat patient with diabetes in traditional chinese medicine. a search in pubmed was performed for the years from 2000 to 2009 using keywords including rf, rehmannia glutinosa, corni fructus, dioscorea alata/dioscorea opposita/dioscorea batatas, poria cocos, alisma orientalis/alisma plantago aquatica and paeonia suffruticosa/cortex moutan. the formula appeared to have beneficial effects on blood glucose, neuropathy and nephropathy. ...201121631896
two high-copy plasmids found in plants associated with strains of "candidatus phytoplasma asteris"complete sequences for two plasmids associated with two strains of "candidatus phytoplasma asteris" have been obtained. the plasmid named pparg1 was found in rehmannia glutinosa l. associated with phytoplasma classified in the 16sr i-c subgroup. plasmid ppabn1 was from phytoplasma associated with infected winter oilseed rape and classified in the 16sr i-b subgroup. the plasmids pparg1 (4371 nt) and ppabn1 (3529 nt) have high a+t content of about 75%, similar to that of phytoplasma genomes. six a ...201121723316
[responses of physiological ecology and quality evaluation of rehmannia gltinosa in continuous cropping].to study responses of physiological ecology and quality evaluation of rehmannia glutinosa in continuous cropping.201121842635
Hot water extracted Lycium barbarum and Rehmannia glutinosa inhibit liver inflammation and fibrosis in rats.Polysaccharide-rich Lycium barbarum and Rehmannia glutinosa have been considered to have immune-modulating activity. This study investigated the effects of water extracted Lycium barbarum and Rehmannia glutinosa (HE) on carbon tetrachloride (CCl(4))-induced liver injury in rats. Male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into: normal diet + peritoneal injection of olive oil (control), normal diet + CCl(4) injection (CCl(4)), 1 × HE (0.05% HE for each) + CCl(4) (1 × HE), and 3 × HE (0.15% HE ...201122083989
Rehmannia glutinosa ameliorates scopolamine-induced learning and memory impairment in rats.Many studies have shown that the steamed root of Rehmannia glutinosa (SRG), which is widely used in the treatment of various neurodegenerative diseases in the context of Korean traditional medicine, is effective for improving cognitive and memory impairments. The purpose of this study was to examine whether SRG extracts improved memory defects caused by administering scopolamine (SCO) into the brains of rats. The effects of SRG on the acetylcholinergic system and proinflammatory cytokines in the ...201121876380
[preliminary study on promoting effects of endophytic fungi to growth of rehmannia glutinosa].in previous studies, four endophytic fungi were isolated from different swollen roots of rehmannia glutinosa. it's thought that ceratobasidium sp. , one of the discovered endophytic fingi, was a major promoter for the growth of the roots. in this study, symbiotic experiments were performed to measure the effects of different endophytic fingi cultivated with r. glutinosa. the results showed that the r. glutinosa had significant increases in the size of roots and amount of chlorophyll cultivated w ...201121842636
differential mirna expression in rehmannia glutinosa plants subjected to continuous cropping.the productivity of the medicinally significant perennial herb rehmannia glutinosa is severely affected after the first year of cropping. while there is some information available describing the physiological and environmental causes of this yield decline, there is as yet no data regarding the changes in gene expression which occur when the species is continuously cropped.201121439075
antifungal and cytotoxic activities of the secondary metabolites from endophytic fungus massrison sp.three novel compounds with spiro-5, 6-lactone ring skeleton has been isolated from the fermentation broth of massrison sp. which could be isolated repeatedly from wild rehmannia glutinosa. psetariae oryza p-2b was applied to guide fractionation of bioactive compounds produced by massrison sp. the molecular structures were established by a variety of one- and two-dimensional nmr experiments and the compounds with similar skeleton were reported for the first time from endophytic fungi of terraneou ...201121377856
[study on optimization of induction system of test-tube tuberous roots from leaves of rehmannia glutinosa].to study the effect of sucrose and plant growth substances of different concentrations on the induction of test-tube tuberous roots of rehmannia glutinosa, in order to establish an efficient system for the induction of test-tube tuberous roots from leaves of r. glutinosa.201223627185
food- and gender-dependent pharmacokinetics of paeoniflorin after oral administration with samul-tang in rats.samul-tang (si-wu-tang in chinese, shimotsu-to in japanese), widely used in eastern asia, is composed of angelica gigas (angelicae gigantis radix), cnidium officinale (cnidii rhizoma), paeonia lactiflora (paeonia radix) and rehmannia glutinosa (rehmanniae radix preparata). paeoniflorin, one of active components in samul-tang has anti-platelet, anti-inflammation, anti-cancer and neuroprotective properties. however, there is no information about the effects of gender and food intake on the pharmac ...201222543167
yeast exposure in the preparation of steamed rehmannia root improving its effects on alloxan-induced diabetic rats.the root of rehmannia glutinosa (gaertn.) dc. has been used in china for more than 2000 years to treat various diseases including diabetes mellitus (dm) and its complications. steamed rehmannia root (srr) is one of the mainly used forms. during its preparation, the material has the chance to be exposed to microorganisms, particularly yeast. the aim of this study is to verify the effect of srr on diabetes complications and the necessity of yeast exposure.201324041459
dodder transmission of phytoplasmas.transmission of phytoplasmas from naturally infected plant host species using the parasitic plant cuscuta spp. (dodder) to catharanthus roseus (madagascar periwinkle) is an effective way to maintain a wide range of phytoplasmas for further research. here, we describe transmission via dodder from an infected medicinal plant rehmannia glutinosa var. purpurea and from a symptomatic redcurrant plant (ribes spp.) to c. roseus indicator plants using a "stable bridges" method. in both cases, typical sy ...201322987404
a new diphenyl ether from the endophytic fungus verticillium sp. isolated from rehmannia glutinosa.to investigate the chemical constituents of the endophytic fungus verticillium sp. isolated from rehmannia glutinosa.201324345509
a metabolic profiling analysis of the acute hepatotoxicity and nephrotoxicity of zhusha anshen wan compared with cinnabar in rats using (1)h nmr spectroscopy.zhusha anshen wan (zsasw), a traditional chinese medicine (tcm) prescription, composed of cinnabar (cinnabaris), coptidis rhizoma (coptis chinensis french.), angelicae sinensis radix (angelica sinensis (oliv.) diels), uncooked rehmanniae radix (rehmannia glutinosa libosch.), honey fried glycyrrhizae radix et rhizoma (glycyrrhiza uralensis fisch.), has been widely used for sedative therapy. cinnabar, the chief component of zsasw, has been proved to possess the toxicities.201323376283
[detection of tobacco mosaic virus (tmv) in rehmannia glutinosa f. hueichingensis by ic-rt-pcr].to establish a rapid, sensitive and efficient detection method for tobacco mosaic virus (tmv), and provide technical support of tmv detection of rehmannia glutinosa f. hueichingensis. the virus-free plantlets could be produced on a large scale to ameliorate breed degeneration caused by viral disease.201324079232
transcriptome/degradome-wide identification of r. glutinosa mirnas and their targets: the role of mirna activity in the replanting disease.rehmannia glutinosa, a traditional chinese medicine herb, is unable to grow normally in a soil where the same species has recently been cultivated. the biological basis of this so called "replanting disease" is unknown, but it may involve the action of micrornas (mirnas), which are known to be important regulators of plant growth and development. high throughput solexa/illumina sequencing was used to generate a transcript library of the r. glutinosa transcriptome and degradome in order to identi ...201323861915
neuroprotective effect of liuwei dihuang decoction on cognition deficits of diabetic encephalopathy in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rat.liuwei dihuang decoction (lwdhd) is a well-known prescription of traditional chinese medicine (tcm) and consists of six crude drugs including rehmannia glutinosa libosch. (family: scrophulariaceae), cornus officinalis sieb. (family: cornaceae), dioscorea oppositifolia l. (family: dioscoreaceae), paoenia ostii (family: paeoniaceae), alisma orientale (g. samuelsson) juz (family: alismataceae) and poria cocos (schw.) wolf (family: polyporaceae). it has been used for the treatment of "kidney-yin" de ...201324041458
hematopoietic effects and mechanisms of fufang e׳jiao jiang on radiotherapy and chemotherapy-induced myelosuppressed mice.fufang e׳jiao jiang (fej), which has been widely used in clinic to replenish qi (vital energy) and nourish blood, is a famous traditional chinese medicine formula made up of colla corii asini (donkey-hide gelatin prepared by stewing and concentrating from the hide of equus asinus linnaeus.), radix codonopsis pilosulae (the root of codonopsis pilosula (franch.) nannf.), radix ginseng rubra (the steamed and dried root of panax ginseng c.a. mey.), fructus crataegi (the fruit of crataegus pinnatifid ...201424534527
integrating traditional chinese medicine healthcare into diabetes care by reducing the risk of developing kidney failure among type 2 diabetic patients: a population-based case control study.our previous study indicated that the traditional chinese medicine (tcm) formula liu-wei-di-huang-wan, which consists of six type of herbs, namely rehmannia glutinosa (gaertn.) dc., root, dried; cornus officinalis siebold & zucc., fructus, dried; dioscorea oppositifolia l., root, dried; alisma plantago-aquatica subsp. orientale (sam.) sam., tuber, dried; paeonia × suffruticosa andrews, bark, dried; poria cocos (fr.) wolf., sclerotium, dried, is the most frequently prescribed herbal formula used ...201425178949
antidiabetic effects of carassius auratus complex formula in high fat diet combined streptozotocin-induced diabetic mice.carassius auratus complex formula, including carassius auratus, rhizoma dioscoreae, lycium chinense, and rehmannia glutinosa libosch, is a combination prescription of traditional chinese medicine, which has always been used to treat diabetes mellitus in ancient china. in this study, we provided experimental evidence for the use of carassius auratus complex formula in the treatment of high fat diet combined streptozotocin- (stz-) induced type 2 diabetes. carassius auratus complex formula aqueous ...201424511320
nonomuraea fuscirosea sp. nov., an actinomycete isolated from the rhizosphere soil of rehmannia (rehmannia glutinosa libosch).a novel actinomycete, designated strain neau-dht8(t), was isolated from the rhizosphere soil of rehmannia (rehmannia glutinosa libosch) and characterized using a polyphasic approach. the organism was found to have morphological and chemotaxonomic characteristics typical of the genus nonomuraea. the g+c content of the dna was 68.47 mol%. on the basis of 16s rrna gene sequence similarity studies, strain neau-dht8(t) was most closely related to nonomuraea maheshkhaliensis 16-5-14(t) (99.31%), nonom ...201424368692
plant-microbe rhizosphere interactions mediated by rehmannia glutinosa root exudates under consecutive monoculture.under consecutive monoculture, the biomass and quality of rehmannia glutinosa declines significantly. consecutive monoculture of r. glutinosa in a four-year field trial led to significant growth inhibition. most phenolic acids in root exudates had cumulative effects over time under sterile conditions, but these effects were not observed in the rhizosphere under monoculture conditions. it suggested soil microbes might be involved in the degradation and conversion of phenolic acids from the monocu ...201526515244
[cloning and expression analysis of the expansin gene rgexpa10 in rehmannia glutinosa].using cdna from rehmannia glutinosa leaf as template, a 972 bp fragment of expansin gene which containing a 762 bp orf that encoded 253 amino acids, was cloned, named rgexpa10, which genbank accession number for this gene is kf011918. a 1 207 bp genomic sequence of rgexpa10 was amplified by pcr with leaf dna as template, sequencing analysis revealed that three exons and two introns in rgexpa10 genomic sequence, and which genbank accession number is kf011919. molecular and bioinformatic analyses ...201525975035
in vivo screening of traditional medicinal plants for neuroprotective activity against aβ42 cytotoxicity by using drosophila models of alzheimer's disease.alzheimer's disease (ad) is the most common neurodegenerative disorder, characterized by progressive neuronal loss with amyloid β-peptide (aβ) plaques. despite several drugs currently used to treat ad, their beneficial effects on ad progress remains under debate. here, we established a rapid in vivo screening system using drosophila ad models to assess the neuroprotective activities of medicinal plants that have been used in traditional chinese medicine. among 23 medicinal plants tested, the ext ...201526458335
effect of probiotic bacteria-fermented medicinal plants (gynura procumbens, rehmannia glutinosa, scutellaria baicalensis) as performance enhancers in growing pigs.this study was conducted to investigate the effect of dietary supplementation of mixed fermented medicinal plants (fmp) obtained from exudates of gynura procumbens, rehmannia glutinosa and scutellaria baicalensis fermented with lactobacillus plantarum, saccharomyces cerevisiae and bacillus licheniformis, respectively, on growth performance in growing pigs in order to assess the feasibility of using fmp as an alternative to antibiotic growth promoters (agp), such as tiamulin. a total of 150 growi ...201525523719
cloning, molecular characterization, and expression analysis of a nucleoporin gene (rgnup98-96) from rehmannia glutinosa.nucleoporin 98 (nup98) and nucleoporin 96 (nup96) are essential components of the nuclear pore complex (npc) in eukaryote cells. however, there is a lack of available information about complete rehmannia glutinosa nup98-96 (rgnup98-96) sequences. here, the full-length cdna sequence of rgnup96-98 was isolated from r. glutinosa using rapid amplification of cdna ends (race) technology, based on a cloned cdna sequence (genbank accession no. jz483329). the identified rgnup98-96 was 3476 bp, and it en ...201526505455
ba-wei-die-huang-wan (hachimi-jio-gan) can ameliorate cyclophosphamide-induced ongoing bladder overactivity and acidic adenosine triphosphate solution-induced hyperactivity on rats prestimulated bladder.ba-wei-die-huang-wan (bwdhw) is the traditional chinese medicine formula containing eight ingredients, namely rehmannia glutinosa (gaetn.) dc., root, steamed & dried; cornus officinalis siebold & zucc., fructus, dried; dioscorea oppositifolia l., root, dried; alisma plantago-aquatica, subsp. orientale (sam.) sam., tuber, dried; poria cocos (fr.) wolf., sclerotium, dried; paeonia×suffruticosa andrews, bark, dried; cinnamomum cassia (nees & t.nees) j. presl, bark, dried; aconitum carmichaeli debea ...201626719284
simultaneous determination of catalpol, aucubin, and geniposidic acid in different developmental stages of rehmannia glutinosa leaves by high performance liquid chromatography.although r. glutinosa roots are currently the only organ source in clinics, its leaves are a potential supplement for the roots especially in extraction of some important bioactive compounds. our early work found that the contents of catalpol and total iridoid glycosides varied among different developmental stages of r. glutinosa leaves. aucubin and geniposidic acid, the abundant major bioactive compounds in eucommia ulmoides and gardenia jasminoides, respectively, were found present in r. gluti ...201627429834
biotransformation and metabolic profile of catalpol with human intestinal microflora by ultra-performance liquid chromatography coupled with quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry.traditional chinese medicine (tcm) has been used in clinical practice for thousands of years. catalpol, an iridoid glucoside, abundantly found in the root of the common used herb medicine rehmannia glutinosa libosch, has been reported to show various biological effects and pharmacological activities. after oral administration, the active ingredient might have interactions with the intestinal bacteria, which could help unravel how the medicine was processed in vivo. in this work, different pure b ...201626741989
complete genome sequence of rehmannia mosaic virus infecting rehmannia glutinosa in south korea.the complete genome sequence of a south korean isolate of rehmannia mosaic virus (remv) infecting rehmannia glutinosa was determined through next-generation sequencing and sanger sequencing. to our knowledge, this is the first report of a natural infection of r. glutinosa by remv in south korea.201626823577
post-hematopoietic stem cell transplantation in patients with hematologic disorders: chinese herbal medicine for an unmet need.while much progress has been made in the field of hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (hsct), headway in the promotion of recovery following this procedure has been limited. data regarding the potential of chinese herbal medicine (chm) for patients with hematologic disorders who received hsct are gradually increasing; however, these data are mostly in chinese. therefore, we set out to summarize the existing data. we searched pubmed, the cochrane library and the china national knowledge infra ...201627641605
a chinese 2-herb formula (nf3) promotes hindlimb ischemia-induced neovascularization and wound healing of diabetic rats.diabetic foot ulcer is closely associated with peripheral vascular disease. enhancement of tissue oxidative stress, reduction of nitric oxide (no) and angiogenic growth factors, and abnormal matrix metalloproteinase (mmp) activity are pathophysiological factors in post-ischemic neovascularization and diabetic wound healing. our previous study demonstrated that the chinese 2-herb formula, nf3, showed significant wound healing effects on diabetic foot ulcer rats. a novel rat diabetic foot ulcer wi ...201624731763
construction and quality analysis of transgenic rehmannia glutinosa containing tmv and cmv coat protein.plant viruses, especially tobacco mosaic virus (tmv) and cucumber mosaic virus (cmv) are serious threats to rehmannia glutinosa which is a "top grade" herb in china. in the present study, tmv- and cmv-resistant rehmannia glutinosa libosch. plants were constructed by transforming the protein (cp) genes of tmv and cmv into rehmannia glutinosa via a modified procedure of agrobacterium tumefaciens-mediated transformation. integration and expression of tmv cp and cmv cp transgenes in 2 lines, lba-1 a ...201627618888
enhancement of trichothecene mycotoxins of fusarium oxysporum by ferulic acid aggravates oxidative damage in rehmannia glutinosa libosch.rehmannia glutinosa is an important medicinal herb that cannot be replanted in the same field due to the effects of autotoxic substances. the effects of these substances on r. glutinosa in continuous cropping systems are unknown. in the present study, bioassays revealed that r. glutinosa exhibited severe growth restriction and higher disease indices in the fo+fa (f.oxysporum pretreated with ferulic acid) treatment. the increases in the contents of mda and h2o2 were greater in the fa+fo treatment ...201627667444
ameliorating effects of herbal formula hemomine on experimental subacute hemorrhagic anemia in rats.hemomine (hm) is an herbal mixture consisting of 5 varieties of the hematopoietic herbal extracts (angelica gigas nakai, cnidium officinale makino, paeonia lactiflora pall., rehmannia glutinosa liboschitz ex stueudel, glycyrrhiza uralensis fischer).201728089715
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