| a sero-epidemiological study of arboviral fevers in djibouti, horn of africa. | arboviral infections have repeatedly been reported in the republic of djibouti, consistent with the fact that essential vectors for arboviral diseases are endemic in the region. however, there is a limited recent information regarding arbovirus circulation, and the associated risk predictors to human exposure are largely unknown. we performed, from november 2010 to february 2011 in the djibouti city general population, a cross-sectional elisa and sero-neutralisation-based sero-epidemiological an ... | 2014 | 25502692 |
| current and future niche of north and central american sand flies (diptera: psychodidae) in climate change scenarios. | ecological niche models are useful tools to infer potential spatial and temporal distributions in vector species and to measure epidemiological risk for infectious diseases such as the leishmaniases. the ecological niche of 28 north and central american sand fly species, including those with epidemiological relevance, can be used to analyze the vector's ecology and its association with transmission risk, and plan integrated regional vector surveillance and control programs. in this study, we mod ... | 2013 | 24069478 |
| re-emergence of visceral and cutaneous leishmaniasis in the greek island of crete. | leishmaniases are vector-borne diseases transmitted by phlebotomine sand flies. three species of leishmania are found in the mediterranean basin: leishmania infantum, the most common species responsible for both visceral (vl) and cutaneous leishmaniasis (cl); leishmania major, found in north africa and middle east causing cl; leishmania tropica with a limited presence in europe, causing cl. during the last 25 years, crete has become an endemic zone for l. infantum with a high number of infected ... | 2012 | 22217163 |
| faunal distribution and seasonal bio-ecology of naturally infected sand flies in a new endemic zoonotic cutaneous leishmaniasis focus of southern iran. | cutaneous leishmaniasis is a major health problem in iran in spite of implementation of control program. this infectious disease caused morbidity in less than 27000 people in 2010. this study was set to determine some ecological aspects of sand flies in fasa district, fars province, southern iran during 2011-2012. | 2016 | 28032108 |
| entomological study of sand flies (diptera: psychodidae: phlebotominae) in asalouyeh, the heartland of an iranian petrochemical industry. | to investigate the fauna and seasonal activity of different species of sand flies (diptera: psychodidae: phlebotominae) in asalouyeh, the heartland of an iranian petrochemical industry, southern iran, as a oil rich district. sand flies are the vectors of at least three different kinds of disease, the most important of which is leishmaniasis, and it is a major public health problem in iran with increased annual occurrence of clinical episodes. | 0 | 25183089 |
| molecular identification of potential leishmaniasis vector species within the phlebotomus (euphlebotomus) argentipes species complex in sri lanka. | leishmaniasis is an emerging vector-borne disease in sri lanka. phlebotomus (euphlebotomus) argentipes sensu lato annandale and brunette 1908 is suspected to be a potential vector. three sibling species have been reported in the species complex based on analysis of morphological data. a study was carried out in different parts of sri lanka including cutaneous leishmaniasis prevailing localities to characterise the sibling species of phlebotomus (euphlebotomus) argentipes sensu lato and to establ ... | 2013 | 24499561 |
| species composition of sand flies and bionomics of phlebotomus papatasi and p. sergenti (diptera: psychodidae) in cutaneous leishmaniasis endemic foci, morocco. | cutaneous leishmaniasis (cl) is one of the most neglected tropical diseases in morocco. leishmania major and l. tropica are the main culprits identified in all endemic foci across the country. these two etiological agents are transmitted by phlebotomus papatasi and p. sergenti, the two most prevalent sand fly species in morocco. previous studies reflected gaps of knowledge regarding the environmental fingerprints that affect the distribution of these two potential vectors across morocco. | 2016 | 26830689 |
| first detection of leishmania infantum dna in wild caught phlebotomus papatasi in endemic focus of cutaneous leishmaniasis, south of iran. | to identify the vectors and reservoirs of cutaneous leishmaniasis in the endemic focus of farashband, fars province, south of iran. | 2013 | 24075350 |
| monthly activity of phlebotominae sand flies in sistan-baluchistan province, southeast iran. | the monthly activity of sand flies, which are vectors of leishmaniasis, was studied from may to october 1997 in three regions (plains, mountainous, coastal) of the sistan-bluchistan province using sticky paper traps. in each village, three houses were selected. 30 sticky traps were installed indoors (bedroom, guestroom, toilet, bathroom) and 30 were installed outdoors (rodent burrows, wall cracks). in total, 8,558 and 1,596 sand fly specimens were collected and identified from outdoors and indoo ... | 0 | 24784790 |
| ecology of cutaneous leishmaniasis in sinai: linking parasites, vectors and hosts. | cutaneous leishmaniasis (cl) is a neglected clinical form of public health importance that is quite prevalent in the northern and eastern parts of egypt. a comprehensive study over seven years (january 2005-december 2011) was conducted to track cl transmission with respect to both sandfly vectors and animal reservoirs. the study identified six sandfly species collected from different districts in north sinai: phlebotomus papatasi, phlebotomus kazeruni, phlebotomus sergenti, phlebotomus alexandri ... | 2014 | 24821060 |
| epidemiological study on sand flies in an endemic focus of cutaneous leishmaniasis, bushehr city, southwestern iran. | cutaneous leishmaniasis is the most important health problem in the city of bushehr, southwestern iran. the objective of the study was to determine some ecological aspects of sand flies in the city during 2010-2011. sand flies were collected monthly from outdoors and indoors by sticky traps at four selected districts of the city. they were also dissected and examined by nested-pcr for identification of the parasite during august-september of 2011. a total of 1234 adult sand flies were collected ... | 2015 | 25699245 |
| limits of a rapid identification of common mediterranean sandflies using polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism. | a total of 131 phlebotomine algerian sandflies have been processed in the present study. they belong to the species phlebotomus bergeroti, phlebotomus alexandri, phlebotomus sergenti, phlebotomus chabaudi, phlebotomus riouxi, phlebotomus perniciosus, phlebotomus longicuspis, phlebotomus perfiliewi, phlebotomus ariasi, phlebotomus chadlii, sergentomyia fallax, sergentomyia minuta, sergentomyia antennata, sergentomyia schwetzi, sergentomyia clydei, sergentomyia christophersi and grassomyia dreyfus ... | 2014 | 24936911 |
| phlebotomine sand flies (diptera: psychodidae) in iran and their role on leishmania transmission. | sand fly research has a long history in iran beginning with the work of adler, theodor and lourie in 1930 and followed by mesghali's foundational taxonomic work on sand flies in 1943. since then, research has been continued unabated throughout the country and official publications report the existence of at least 44 species of sand flies (26 of the genus phlebotomus and 18 of genus sergentomyia) in iran. so far, seven phlebotomus species and one sergentomyia species have been collected and descr ... | 2012 | 23293774 |
| zoophilic feeding behaviour of phlebotomine sand flies in the endemic areas of cutaneous leishmaniasis of sindh province, pakistan. | leishmania (leishmania) major has been identified as the major causative agent of cutaneous leishmaniasis in sindh province of southern pakistan. to make a rational approach for understanding the pathogen transmission cycles, the sand fly species and their natural blood meals in the endemic areas were examined. total dna was individually extracted from sand flies collected in four villages in sindh province. pcr-rflp (restriction fragment length polymorphism) and sequence analysis of the 18s rib ... | 2012 | 22246369 |
| Species composition of Phlebotomine sandflies (Diptera: Psychodidae) in Nikshahr county, south -eastern Iran. | Sandflies are reported as the vectors of different kinds of leishmaniasis to human. There are foci of the disease in Iran. The aim of this study was to determine the fauna and species composition of sandflies to find the probable vectors of leishmaniasis in Nikshahr county, south-east of Iran, where cutaneous leishmaniasis is endemic. | 2011 | 21946716 |
| bionomics of phlebotomine sand flies (diptera: psychodidae) in the province of al-baha, saudi arabia. | the bionomics of phlebotomine sand flies (diptera: psychodidae) were studied for two successive years (january 1996-december 1997) at 12 collecting stations representing six sectors of the province of al-baha, saudi arabia. the predominant species was phlebotomus bergeroti (41.7%), followed by lesser numbers of phlebotomus sergenti (11%), phlebotomus arabicus (10.6%), sergentomyia tiberiadis (10.5%), phlebotomus papatasi (10.2%), sergentomyia antennata (9.6%), phlebotomus alexandri (3%), phlebot ... | 2010 | 21120352 |
| ecological niche model of phlebotomus alexandri and p. papatasi (diptera: psychodidae) in the middle east. | the purpose of this study is to create distribution models of two sand fly species, phlebotomus papatasi (scopoli) and p. alexandri (sinton), across the middle east. phlebotomus alexandri is a vector of visceral leishmaniasis, while p. papatasi is a vector of cutaneous leishmaniasis and sand fly fever. collection records were obtained from literature reports from 1950 through 2007 and unpublished field collection records. environmental layers considered in the model were elevation, precipitation ... | 2010 | 20089198 |
| [an epidemiological survey of visceral leishmaniasis in hamangou coal mine area of korla city, xinjiang]. | to investigate the epidemiological status of visceral leishmaniasis in hamangou coal mine area of korla city of xinjiang uygur autonomous region. | 2009 | 19852367 |
| impact of phlebotomine sand flies on u.s. military operations at tallil air base, iraq: 2. temporal and geographic distribution of sand flies. | cdc miniature light traps were used to evaluate the general biology of phlebotomine sand flies from april 2003 to november 2004 at tallil air base, iraq. factors evaluated include species diversity and temporal (daily and seasonal) and geographic distribution of the sand flies. in addition, the abundance of sand flies inside and outside tents and buildings was observed. in total, 61,630 sand flies were collected during 1,174 trap nights (mean 52 per trap, range 0-1,161), with 90% of traps contai ... | 2007 | 17294918 |
| phlebotomus (paraphlebotomus) alexandri: a probable vector of leishmania infantum in iran. | the incidence of human visceral leishmaniasis (vl) caused by leishmania infantum, which is endemic in several parts of iran, has recently increased in the nourabad-mamassani district of fars province, in the south of the country. between 2003 and 2005, 12,688 sandflies were caught in this focus, using cdc miniature light traps, sticky traps and aspirators, in an attempt to identify the main vector of l. infantum. when 120 of the parous, female phlebotomus (paraphlebotomus) alexandri caught were ... | 2006 | 16417715 |
| arabian sandflies (diptera: psychodidae) prefer the hottest nights? | a vehicle-mounted net was used to collect hourly samples of sandflies on 15 nights during june in northern oman. every half hour, the temperature, relative humidity, wind velocity and light intensity were measured (there was no cloud or rainfall during this period). the sandflies caught were mainly phlebotomus alexandri and sergentomyia clydei. their circadian activity increased rapidly after sunset (18.50 hours). the high level of activity was fairly constant during 9h of darkness until dawn, w ... | 1994 | 8025330 |
| [the role of phlebotomus alexandri in the transmission of kala-azar]. | | 1985 | 4053323 |
| [observation on the infectivity of leishmania donovani from different areas to phlebotomus alexandri from xinjiang]. | hamsters or cotton rats were infected with 3 stocks of l. donovani, one of which had been isolated from an infected ph. major wui in xinjiang desert area and 2 from kala azar patients in a mountain area of gansu and in a plain area of henan respectively. the purpose of the study was to compare the infectivity of the parasites from different geographic areas through artificial infection of ph. alexandri. sandflies were dissected in 4, 6, 8 and 10 days after feeding on the infected animals to obse ... | 1990 | 2208620 |
| epidemiological feature of visceral leishmaniasis in china, 2004-2012. | visceral leishmaniasis (vl) remains an important public health problem in china. it is essential to elucidate the current epidemiological characteristics of vl for designing control policy. | 0 | 26060776 |
| endemic characteristics of infantile visceral leishmaniasis in the people's republic of china. | visceral leishmaniasis (vl) was once a severe parasitic disease in china. thanks to the great efforts of integrated control, vl was eliminated in most epidemic areas, except for certain western provinces (autonomous region) at the end of 1950s. from then on, vl gained less attention and has seemed to spread, especially in the last 15 years. infants are the most important population threatened by vl. however, there have been few studies on the endemic characteristics of infantile vl in china. | 2013 | 23680411 |
| [presence in tunisia of phlebotomus alexandri (sinton, 1928), sergentomyia clyei (sinton, 1928) and sd sergentomyia dreyfussi (parrot, 1933)]. | | 1969 | 5403872 |
| check list and geographical distribution of phlebotomine sandflies in china. | a total of 42 species of sandflies, included in five genera, have been recorded from 31 of 32 provinces, municipalities and autonomous regions of china (excluding heilongjiang province). five species, namely phlebotomus alexandri, p. chinensis, p. longiductus, p. sichuanensis and p. smirnovi (syn. p. wui), are known to be vectors of human leishmaniasis. a list of these 42 phlebotomines is given, and their geographical distributions in china are described. | 1993 | 8346993 |
| the sandflies (diptera: psychodidae, phlebotominae) in military camps in northern afghanistan (2007-2009), as identified by morphology and dna 'barcoding'. | as part of a continuous, standardized programme of monitoring the leishmania vectors in german military camps in northern afghanistan between 2007 and 2009, a detailed taxonomic analysis of the endemic sandfly fauna, as sampled using light and odour-baited traps, was conducted. of the 10 sandfly species that were recorded, six may serve as enzootic and/or zooanthroponotic vectors of parasites causing human leishmaniasis. the use of a simple dna-'barcoding' technique based on the mitochondrial cy ... | 2011 | 21396252 |
| natural leishmania infection of phlebotomus sergenti (diptera: phlebotominae) in an endemic focus of cutaneous leishmaniasis in şanlıurfa, turkey. | sand flies (diptera: phlebotominae) were surveyed for leishmania in various villages of şanlıurfa in southeast turkey. a total of 474 sand flies were collected by cdc light traps. phlebotomus sergenti parrot (49.6%) and phlebotomus papatasi (scopoli) (48.1%) were the most abundant species, followed by phlebotomus alexandri sinton (1.05%), phlebotomus perfiliewi parrot (0.4%), phlebotomus (adlerius) sp. (0.2%) and sergentomyia theodori parrot (0.4%). 196 female sand flies were grouped in 34 pools ... | 2015 | 25997884 |
| [studies on the efficacy of five repellents against phlebotomus alexandri]. | the efficacy of five repellents were tested against phlebotomus alexandri both in the laboratory and in the field in meiyaogou, turfan city, xinjiang uygur autonomous region during 1986-1987. a total of 3,301 female ph. alexandri were used in the laboratory and 306 man-times of volunteers were tested in the field. at a dose of 0.25 microliters/cm2, the protective durations of mosquito repellent perfume (mrp), n, n-diethyl-mtaluamide (deta), mosquito repellent liquid (mrl), dimethyl phthalate (dm ... | 1990 | 2096000 |
| using vehicle-mounted nets for studying activity of arabian sand flies (diptera: psychodidae). | vehicle-mounted nets were used on 15 nights in northern oman to collect 2,216 sand flies. the composition of the catch was compared with that of 100 sticky traps, which were used twice a month over a 15-mo period to collect 3,099 sand flies. sticky trap catches showed no obvious seasonal change in abundance. the vehicle nets collected up to 260 flies per night, with a mean of 148. this compared with the catch of the 100 sticky traps, which had an overall mean of 115 flies per night. the vehicle ... | 1994 | 8057312 |
| the prevalence of canine leishmania infantum infection in western china detected by pcr and serological tests. | abstract: | 2011 | 21554677 |
| molecular detection of leishmania infection in sand flies in border line of iran-turkmenistan: restricted and permissive vectors. | a molecular study was carried out to incriminate sand fly vectors of cutaneous leishmaniasis (cl) in rural areas of sarakhs district, khorassane-razavi province, northeastern iran, in 2011. sand flies of sergentomyia with three species and phlebotomus with six species respectively comprised 73.3% and 26.7% of the specimens. phlebotomus papatasi was the most common phlebotomine species in outdoor and indoor resting places. leishmania infection was found at least in 17 (22%) specimens including ph ... | 2013 | 23933280 |
| predicted distribution of visceral leishmaniasis vectors (diptera: psychodidae; phlebotominae) in iran: a niche model study. | visceral leishmaniasis (vl) is an important vector-borne disease in iran. till now, leishmania infantum has been detected from five species of sand flies in the country including phlebotomus kandelakii, phlebotomus major s.l., phlebotomus perfiliewi, phlebotomus alexandri and phlebotomus tobbi. also, phlebotomus keshishiani was found to be infected with leishmania parasites. this study aimed at predicting the probable niches and distribution of vectors of visceral leishmaniasis in iran. data on ... | 2015 | 26032232 |
| environmental factors underlying spatial patterns of sand flies (diptera: psychodidae) associated with leishmaniasis in southern sinai, egypt. | although leishmania major is endemic in parts of the sinai of egypt, the ecology and distribution of leishmania sand fly vectors in southern sinai has not been well characterized. accordingly, additional sand fly samples were obtained at 41 sites in the southern sinai region during 1996-1997, and analyzed to improve the characterization of risk of sand fly-borne pathogens. using a geographic information system (gis), species-specific spatial distributions that might suggest zoonotic cutaneous le ... | 2012 | 22410540 |
| species composition of sand flies (diptera: psychodidae) and modeling the spatial distribution of main vectors of cutaneous leishmaniasis in hormozgan province, southern iran. | cutaneous leishmaniasis (cl) is one of the main neglected vector-borne diseases in the middle east, including iran. this study aimed to map the spatial distribution and species composition of sand flies in hormozgan province and to predict the best ecological niches for main cl vectors in this area. a database that included all earlier studies on sand flies in hormozgan province was established. sand flies were also collected from some localities across the province. prediction maps for main vec ... | 2017 | 29244144 |
| diversity of sand flies (diptera, psychodidae) in southwest iran with emphasis on synanthropy of phlebotomus papatasi and phlebotomus alexandri. | zoonotic cutaneous leishmaniasis (zcl) is still a serious health problem in iran. the objective of the study was to determine the differences in sand fly biodiversity in shush (plain) and khorramshahr (littoral) counties, khuzestan province, southwest iran. sand flies were collected using sticky paper traps from urban, semi urban, agricultural and natural ecotypes. alpha and beta diversity were calculated using shannon-weiner index and jaccard's and sorensen's coefficients, respectively. synanth ... | 2014 | 25159535 |
| distribution, species composition and relative abundances of sandflies in north waziristan agency, pakistan. | this study was conducted to investigate the diversity of sandflies (psychodidae: phlebotominae) and the incidence of leishmaniasis in three villages of north waziristan agency, pakistan. sandflies were sampled monthly during 2012, at dusk and dawn, in selected indoor habitats including both bedrooms and animal sheds using a knock-down spray catch method. a total of 3687 sandflies were collected, including 1444 individuals in drezanda, 1193 in damdil and 1050 in dattakhel. this study revealed 14 ... | 2016 | 26582763 |
| diversity and incrimination of sandflies (psychodidae: phlebotominae) captured in city and suburbs of hamadan, hamadan province, west of iran. | to investigate phlebotomus sand fly fauna and their vectorial capacity in hamadan, iran. | 2014 | 25312116 |
| species diversity of sand flies and ecological niche model of phlebotomus papatasi in central iran. | cutaneous leishmaniasis (cl) is the most important vector-borne disease in iran. qom province is a very important area in the case of cl transmission, because of high traffic population from other parts of the country, or even other countries, as well as existence of confirmed foci of the disease. the aim of this study was to determine the ecology of sand flies in two different climates of this province and model the distribution of the main vector. sand flies were collected monthly during april ... | 2015 | 26071647 |
| the role of phlebotomus alexandri sinton, 1928 in the transmission of kala-azar. | since 1968, kala-azar has been occurring sporadically in meiyaogou, turfan county, xinjiang-uygur autonomous region, where four species of sandflies are known to exist. the present study of sandflies collected in this area from may to august 1983 shows that phlebotomus alexandri is the only anthropophilic and predominant species, accounting for 81.1% (7716/8843) of the sandfly population. after having been fed on cotton rats or hamsters infected with leishmania donovani, 93.9% (230/245) of p. al ... | 1986 | 3488133 |