Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year(sorted ascending) Filter | PMID Filter |
|---|
| group living accelerates bed bug (hemiptera: cimicidae) development. | for many insect species, group living provides physiological and behavioral benefits, including faster development. bed bugs (cimex lectularius l.) live in aggregations composed of eggs, nymphs, and adults of various ages. our aim was to determine whether bed bug nymphs reared in groups develop faster than solitary nymphs. we reared first instars either in isolation or in groups from hatching to adult emergence and recorded their development time. in addition, we investigated the effects of grou ... | 2014 | 24605482 |
| spatial and temporal patterns in cimex lectularius (hemiptera: cimicidae) reporting in philadelphia, pa. | we analyzed a comprehensive telephone log of pest infestation reports to assess the spatial and temporal trends in cimex lectularius l. (bed bug) reporting throughout philadelphia, pa. citywide spatial analyses of reports from september 2011 to june 2012 revealed several statistically significant bed bug hotspots. however, these were small and diffuse. temporal analyses of reports from december 2008 to may 2011 detected prominent seasonality in bed bug reporting, peaking in august and reaching a ... | 2014 | 24605452 |
| population variation in and selection for resistance to pyrethroid-neonicotinoid insecticides in the bed bug. | pyrethroid resistance in bed bugs, cimex lectularius, has prompted a change to combination products that include a pyrethroid and a neonicotinoid. ten populations of bed bugs were challenged with two combination products (temprid sc and transport ghp). susceptibility of these populations varied, with the correlated response of the two products indicating cross resistance. we imposed selection on three populations using label rate temprid, and then reared progeny from unselected and selected stra ... | 2014 | 24452337 |
| human-facilitated metapopulation dynamics in an emerging pest species, cimex lectularius. | the number and demographic history of colonists can have dramatic consequences for the way in which genetic diversity is distributed and maintained in a metapopulation. the bed bug (cimex lectularius) is a re-emerging pest species whose close association with humans has led to frequent local extinction and colonization, that is, to metapopulation dynamics. pest control limits the lifespan of subpopulations, causing frequent local extinctions, and human-facilitated dispersal allows the colonizati ... | 2014 | 24446663 |
| morphology, ultrastructure and functional role of antennal sensilla in off-host aggregation by the bed bug, cimex lectularius. | after blood feeding on a host, bed bugs, cimex lectularius, assemble in aggregation sites away from the host. off-host aggregation is mediated by a combination of mechanical and chemical stimuli associated with bug feces. partial antennectomies indicated removal of flagellomeres did not affect aggregation, but removal of the whole pedicel or its distal half significantly reduced (p < 0.01) aggregation, suggesting that sensilla related to off-host aggregation occur on the distal half of the pedic ... | 2014 | 24412653 |
| efficacy of an essential oil-based pesticide for controlling bed bug (cimex lectularius) infestations in apartment buildings. | bed bugs (cimex lectularius l. and cimex hemipterus f.) are among the most difficult urban pests to manage. many essential oil-based bed bug control products that are considered reduced risk to mammals compared to synthetic insect neurotoxins have become commercially available, but their effectiveness as a stand-alone control method is unknown. this study assessed the field efficacy of an essential oil-based bed bug control product (ecoraider; a.i. 1% geraniol + 1% cedar oil + 2% sodium lauryl s ... | 2014 | 26462944 |
| blood constituents as phagostimulants for the bed bug cimex lectularius l. | many hematophagous arthropods are stimulated by blood constituents to initiate feeding. we used a membrane-based feeding system to identify chemicals that stimulate acceptance and engorgement responses in various life stages of bed bugs. water was fortified with a variety of compounds (e.g. salts, amino acids, vitamins, nucleotides, cholesterol and fatty acids) in these bioassays. atp was the most effective phagostimulant in adults and nymphs, resulting in >70% of bed bugs fully engorging. addit ... | 2014 | 24198260 |
| bed bugs, their blood sources and life history parameters: a comparison of artificial and natural feeding. | a blood-feeding system that utilizes a small amount of whole heparinized human blood in parafilm bags is described in detail, and similarities and differences between artificially fed and naturally rodent-fed bed bugs (hemiptera: cimicidae) are discussed. blood with high levels of heparin (10%) was unsuitable for artificial colony rearing, whereas bed bugs fed on 1% heparinized blood and those that naturally ingested rat blood completed their lifecycle with similar stage structures over time, wi ... | 2014 | 23692154 |
| photoacoustically-guided photothermal killing of mosquitoes targeted by nanoparticles. | in biomedical applications, nanoparticles have demonstrated the potential to eradicate abnormal cells in small localized pathological zones associated with cancer or infections. here, we introduce a method for nanotechnology-based photothermal (pt) killing of whole organisms considered harmful to humans or the environment. we demonstrate that laser-induced thermal, and accompanying nano- and microbubble phenomena, can injure or kill c. elegans and mosquitoes fed carbon nanotubes, gold nanosphere ... | 2014 | 23450780 |
| long-term efficacy of various natural or "green" insecticides against bed bugs: a double-blind study. | bed bugs are resurging throughout the world, and, thus, effective pest control strategies are constantly needed. a few studies have evaluated 25(b) and other natural, or so-called "green" products, as well as over-the-counter insecticides for bed bugs, but additional studies are needed to determine efficacy of bed bug control products. this double-blinded research project was initiated to examine long-term effectiveness of six commercially available natural or "green" insecticides against bed bu ... | 2014 | 26462950 |
| [bed bug alarm in berlin. "the ignorance of people contributes to the spread"]. | 2014 | 25608392 | |
| cutaneous reactions to bed bug bites. | 2014 | 25134309 | |
| effect of feeding status on mortality response of adult bed bugs (hemiptera: cimicidae) to some insecticide products. | fresh and aged residual deposits of several insecticide products were tested against bed bug adults to determine if a recent bloodmeal affected their mortality response to the residues. the bed bugs with a recent bloodmeal survived significantly longer compared with the unfed ones on their exposure to fresh or aged residual deposits of chlorfenapyr and aged residual deposits of deltamethrin on a wooden substrate. even though the survival time of fed bed bugs was significantly longer than that of ... | 2014 | 25026684 |
| an outbreak of bed bug infestation in an office building. | since 2000, resurgence in bed bugs has occurred in the u.s. reports of infestations of homes, hospitals, hotels, and offices have been described. on september 1, 2011, complaints of itching and bites among workers in an office were reported to the tennessee department of health. a retrospective cohort study and environmental assessments were performed in response to the complaints. canines certified to detect live bed bugs were used to inspect the office and arthropod samples were collected. of ... | 2014 | 24749221 |
| good night, sleep tight, don't let the bed bugs bite. | 2014 | 24749219 | |
| lifting the sheets. preventing and managing health care bed bug problems. | 2014 | 24665557 | |
| the eyelid sign: a clue to bed bug bites. | in pediatric patients, determining the culprit insect in arthropod assaults can be challenging. the patient's history may be vague, the causative insect may not be readily associated with the bites, and the clinical appearance of bites can be variable. six pediatric patients from the penn state milton s. hershey medical center dermatology offices with bed bug bites were identified. all had bites involving the face, trunk, and extremities. five patients demonstrated papules on one upper eyelid as ... | 2014 | 24649832 |
| bed bug aggregation pheromone finally identified. | bed bugs have become a global epidemic and current detection tools are poorly suited for routine surveillance. despite intense research on bed bug aggregation behavior and the aggregation pheromone, which could be used as a chemical lure, the complete composition of this pheromone has thus far proven elusive. here, we report that the bed bug aggregation pheromone comprises five volatile components (dimethyl disulfide, dimethyl trisulfide, (e)-2-hexenal, (e)-2-octenal, 2-hexanone), which attract ... | 2015 | 25529634 |
| [bed bugs bites]. | 2015 | 25261919 | |
| evaluation of four bed bug traps for surveillance of the brown dog tick (acari: ixodidae). | the brown dog tick, rhipicephalus sanguineus (latrielle), can be a serious residential pest due to its unique ability, among ticks, to complete its lifecycle indoors. a single engorged and fertilized female tick can oviposit around 4,000 eggs, allowing indoor establishment to be rapid and easy to miss in early-stage infestations. acaricide treatment is currently the primary method of control, but can be costly and can lead to the development of acaricide resistance in tick populations. traps of ... | 2015 | 26336310 |
| status of urban bed bug infestations in southern china: an analysis of pest control service records in shenzhen in 2012 and dongguan in 2013. | the recent resurgence of bed bugs (cimex spp.) in many developed countries has drawn increasing attention worldwide. the status of urban bed bug infestations were investigated in shenzhen and dongguan, two major cities in southern guangdong province of southern china, based on pest control service records from two different companies (one during 2012 and another during 2013). the results showed that shenzhen and dongguan have a severe problem with bed bug infestations: the control of bed bugs is ... | 2015 | 26336282 |
| a high-performance vacuum cleaner for bed bug sampling: a useful tool for medical entomology. | arthropods can be captured by two modes: a passive mode using traps or an active mode mainly based on the use of mouth or powered aspirators. these apparatuses are useful tools for collecting large numbers of crawling, flying, resting, or jumping arthropod specimens, particularly small specimens, such as mosquitoes or sandflies, for laboratory experiments or breeding. different aspirator models are used to collect various arthropod specimens. however, to our knowledge, no specific system is curr ... | 2015 | 26334829 |
| a 29-year-old man with nonproductive cough, exertional dyspnea, and chest discomfort. | a 29-year-old man presented with a 5-month history of worsening dry cough, exertional dyspnea, chest tightness, and palpitations. he had been treated by his primary care physician with trials of guaifenesin/codeine, azithromycin, albuterol, and omeprazole without improvement. he denied wheezing, fever, sweats, anorexia, joint pain, swelling, or rash. he had no past medical history. he denied a history of tobacco smoking or iv drug use. he kept no pets, worked as a manager in an office environmen ... | 2015 | 26324141 |
| the mental health impact of bed bug infestations: a scoping review. | we conducted a scoping review to identify and summarize the current state of knowledge regarding the mental health effects associated with bed bugs. | 2015 | 26298442 |
| introducing law students to public health law through a bed bug scenario. | as the scientific evidence emerges, individuals and institutions faced with bed bug infestations find themselves without the legal protections that are available against legally recognized nuisances and threats to the public's health, such as rats or mosquitos. as a result, they are a good example of how individuals, institutions and municipalities struggle to use the patchwork of public and private legal remedies that are often inadequate to face an emerging threat. this unit is designed to hel ... | 2015 | 26243066 |
| a review of data on laboratory colonies of bed bugs (cimicidae), an insect of emerging medical relevance. | cimicidae are hematophagous heteroptera, feeding on human blood, that have been the subject of significant medical investigation. in particular, they have been colonized under laboratory conditions to study their medical relevance. laboratory colonization of these bugs is a multifactorial phenomenon. our goal was to conduct a comparative literature review to classify the published data, demonstrating preferred bed bug colony conditions. we show that physical factors including temperature, relati ... | 2015 | 26091944 |
| [what's new in pediatric dermatology]. | progress in paediatric dermatology is achieved in both research and therapeutic fields. in infectiology, scabies and bed bugs are a scourge for dermatologists, with an important recent outbreak. this article describes the fundamental clinical signs to look for, when suspecting such diagnosis. hair dermatoscopy seems to be also very precious as a new tool for the diagnosis of ringworm. regarding eczemas, atopic dermatitis is supported by s. aureus's skin colonization, the target of eradication of ... | 2015 | 26021137 |
| mortality, temporary sterilization, and maternal effects of sublethal heat in bed bugs. | adult bed bugs were exposed to the sublethal temperatures 34.0°c, 35.5°c, 37.0°c, 38.5°c, or 40.0°c for 3, 6, or 9 days. the two uppermost temperatures induced 100% mortality within 9 and 2 days, respectively, whereas 34.0°c had no observable effect. the intermediate temperatures interacted with time to induce a limited level of mortality but had distinct effects on fecundity, reflected by decreases in the number of eggs produced and hatching success. adult fecundity remained low for up to 40 da ... | 2015 | 25996999 |
| evaluating the inverse reasoning account of object discovery. | people routinely make inferences about unobserved objects. a hotel guest with welts on his arms, for example, will often worry about bed bugs. the discovery of unobserved objects almost always involves a backward inference from some observed effects (e.g., welts) to unobserved causes (e.g., bed bugs). the inverse reasoning account, which is typically formalized as bayesian inference, posits that the strength of a backward inference is closely connected to the strength of the corresponding forwar ... | 2015 | 25824861 |
| reduction of female copulatory damage by resilin represents evidence for tolerance in sexual conflict. | intergenomic evolutionary conflicts increase biological diversity. in sexual conflict, female defence against males is generally assumed to be resistance, which, however, often leads to trait exaggeration but not diversification. here, we address whether tolerance, a female defence mechanism known from interspecific conflicts, exists in sexual conflict. we examined the traumatic insemination of female bed bugs via cuticle penetration by males, a textbook example of sexual conflict. confocal lase ... | 2015 | 25673297 |
| ectoparasites of medical and veterinary importance: drug resistance and the need for alternative control methods. | despite multiple attempts at eradication, many ectoparasites of humans and domestic livestock remain a persistent problem in the modern world. for many years, a range of pesticide drugs including organophosphates, organochlorides and synthetic pyrethroids provided effective control of these parasites; but intensive use of these drugs has led to the evolution of resistance in many target species. this paper aims to review the effectiveness of current control methods and discuss potential alternat ... | 2015 | 25644683 |
| western blotting of human sera-can it help diagnose bed bug bites? | 2015 | 26790502 | |
| bed bugs: they still are among us!! | 2015 | 26489137 | |
| prevalence, knowledge, and concern about bed bugs. | recent research suggests that the resurgence of bed bugs in the u.s. has occurred at an alarming rate. assumptions have been made that socioeconomic status is not associated with the prevalence of bed bug infestations. little information is available at the local level, however, about the prevalence of bed bugs in private homes. the authors' pilot study aimed to identify prevalence, knowledge, and concern about bed bugs in one higher income village in ohio utilizing survey methodology. responses ... | 2015 | 26427264 |
| host association drives genetic divergence in the bed bug, cimex lectularius. | genetic differentiation may exist among sympatric populations of a species due to long-term associations with alternative hosts (i.e. host-associated differentiation). while host-associated differentiation has been documented in several phytophagus insects, there are far fewer cases known in animal parasites. the bed bug, cimex lectularius, a wingless insect, represents a potential model organism for elucidating the processes involved in host-associated differentiation in animal parasites with r ... | 2015 | 25611460 |
| larvicidal, insecticidal, brine shrimp cytotoxicity and anti-oxidant activities of diospyros kaki (l.) reported from pakistan. | diospyros kaki is cultivated in different agro-ecological zones of pakistan, especially in malakand division. the current study was designed to investigate the hide potential of the vulnerable species of the plant. aqueous extracts of diospyros kaki leaves were screened for larvicidal, insecticidal cytotoxic and antioxidant activities. the extract exhibited moderate to outstanding larvicidal activity (100 to 28%) at 100, 80, 70, 50, 40, 30, 20 and 10% concentrations respectively after 24 hours, ... | 2015 | 26142513 |
| spatial genetic structure and restricted gene flow in bed bugs (cimex lectularius) populations in france. | bed bugs (cimex lectularius) are resurgent blood-sucking ectoparasites that are currently increasing at a rapid rate, particularly in industrialized countries, such as france. despite the rapid spread of bed bugs, there is a lack of knowledge concerning the population structure and gene flow among c. lectularius populations in france. to fill this gap, a genetic study was conducted using 183 c. lectularius from 14 populations of bed bugs collected in a hotel and in individual apartments in the f ... | 2015 | 26140960 |
| oral steroids for dermatitis. | contact/allergic dermatitis is frequently treated inappropriately with lower-than-recommended doses or inadequate duration of treatment with oral and intramuscular glucocorticoids. this article highlights a case of dermatitis in a ranger assessment and selection program student who was improperly treated over 2 weeks with oral steroids after being bit by cimex lectularius, commonly known as bed bugs. the article also highlights the pitfalls of improper oral steroid dosing and provides reasoning ... | 2015 | 26125159 |
| outbreeding effects in an inbreeding insect, cimex lectularius. | in some species, populations with few founding individuals can be resilient to extreme inbreeding. inbreeding seems to be the norm in the common bed bug, cimex lectularius, a flightless insect that, nevertheless, can reach large deme sizes and persist successfully. however, bed bugs can also be dispersed passively by humans, exposing inbred populations to gene flow from genetically distant populations. the introduction of genetic variation through this outbreeding could lead to increased fitness ... | 2015 | 25691967 |
| identification of putative kdr mutations in the tropical bed bug, cimex hemipterus (hemiptera: cimicidae). | bed bugs [both cimex hemipterus (f.) and cimex lectularius l.] are highly resistant to pyrethroids worldwide. an important resistance mechanism known as 'knockdown resistance' (kdr) is caused by genetic point mutations on the voltage-gated sodium channel (vgsc) gene. previous studies have identified two point mutations (v419l and l925i) on the vgsc gene in c. lectularius that are responsible for kdr-type resistance. however, the kdr mutations in c. hemipterus have not been investigated. | 2015 | 25132449 |
| detection of knockdown resistance mutations in the common bed bug, cimex lectularius (hemiptera: cimicidae), in australia. | pyrethroid resistance in the common bed bug, cimex lectularius l., has been reported worldwide. an important resistance mechanism is via knockdown resistance (kdr) mutations, notably v419l and l925i. information regarding this kdr-type resistance mechanism is unknown in australia. this study aims to examine the status of kdr mutations in australian c. lectularius strains. | 2015 | 25046700 |
| development of multifunctional metabolic synergists to suppress the evolution of resistance against pyrethroids in insects that blood feed on humans. | pyrethroids are the insecticides of choice when exposure to humans is likely, such as occurs in vector and public-health-related control programs. unfortunately, the pyrethroids share a common resistance mechanism with dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (ddt), knockdown resistance (kdr), and prior extensive use of ddt has predisposed the pyrethroids to cross-resistance via kdr. given the widespread occurrence of kdr, the use of synergists with pyrethroids is considered to be prudent to guard agains ... | 2015 | 25044360 |
| insecticide resistance in the bed bug comes with a cost. | adaptation to new environmental stress is often associated with an alteration of one or more life history parameters. insecticide resistant populations of insects often have reduced fitness relative to susceptible populations in insecticide free environments. our previous work showed that three populations of bed bugs, cimex lectularius l., evolved significantly increased levels of resistance to one product containing both β-cyfluthrin and imidacloprid insecticides with only one generation of se ... | 2015 | 26039510 |
| reproduction barrier between two lineages of bed bug (cimex lectularius) (heteroptera: cimicidae). | populations of bed bugs, cimex lectularius, have increased in recent years spreading into numerous urban areas across the western world and making them an increasingly important pest of the twenty-first century. research into hybridization within and between different lineages of bed bugs can help us to understand processes of micro- and macro-evolution in these ectoparasites and may inform the control of this pest species. hybridization experiments between two host lineages of bed bug (c. lectu ... | 2015 | 25952703 |
| correction: the odorant receptor co-receptor from the bed bug, cimex lectularius l. | 2015 | 25807294 | |
| diffusion rates and dispersal patterns of unfed versus recently fed bed bugs (cimex lectularius l.). | bed bug problems have been increasing since the 1980s, and accordingly, there have been intensive efforts to better understand their biology and behavior for control purposes. understanding bed bug diffusion rates and dispersal patterns from one site to another (or lack thereof) is a key component in prevention and control campaigns. this study analyzed diffusion rates and dispersal patterns in a population of bed bugs, recently fed and unfed, in both one-dimensional and two-dimensional settings ... | 2015 | 26466900 |
| the influence of roughness and pyrethroid formulations on bed bug (cimex lectularius l.) resting preferences. | two-choice tests were conducted to examine the effect of surface roughness on the resting preference of bed bugs, cimex lectularius l., on copper, basswood, and acrylic materials. the influence of pyrethroid formulation applications on resting preferences was also evaluated. bed bugs were given the choice of resting between two sanded halves of each material tested. one half was sanded with a p60 grit sandpaper and the other with a less rough p600 grit sandpaper. a significantly higher proportio ... | 2015 | 26463196 |
| field study of the comparative efficacy of three pyrethroid/neonicotinoid mixture products for the control of the common bed bug, cimex lectularius. | three insecticide mixtures that contain two classes of insecticides (pyrethroid and neonicotinoid) were recently developed to control bed bugs. we evaluated three integrated bed bug management strategies in apartments, each using the same non-chemical control methods and one of the three insecticide mixture products: tandem (lambda-cyhalothrin + thiamethoxam), temprid sc (beta-cyfluthrin + imidacloprid), and transport mikron (bifenthrin + acetamiprid). no insecticides were applied in the control ... | 2015 | 26463075 |
| insecticide resistance in eggs and first instars of the bed bug, cimex lectularius (hemiptera: cimicidae). | two strains of the common bed bug, cimex lectularius l., eggs and first instars collected from pyrethroid-resistant adults were evaluated for insecticide resistance and compared to a susceptible strain. dose-response bioassays were conducted using two insecticide formulations (temprid: imidacloprid/β-cyfluthrin, and transport: acetamiprid/ bifenthrin). the lethal concentration (lc50) for the two resistant egg strains exposed to imidacloprid/β-cyfluthrin ranged from 3 to 5-fold higher than suscep ... | 2015 | 26463070 |
| mark-release-recapture reveals extensive movement of bed bugs (cimex lectularius l.) within and between apartments. | understanding movement and dispersal of the common bed bug (cimex lectularius l.) under field conditions is important in the control of infestations and for managing the spread of bed bugs to new locations. we investigated bed bug movement within and between apartments using mark-release-recapture (m-r-r) technique combined with apartment-wide monitoring using pitfall-style interceptors. bed bugs were collected, marked, and released in six apartments. the distribution of marked and unmarked bed ... | 2015 | 26352145 |
| quantitative sequencing for the determination of kdr-type resistance allele (v419l, l925i, i936f) frequencies in common bed bug (hemiptera: cimicidae) populations collected from israel. | human bed bug infestations have dramatically increased worldwide since the mid-1990s. a similar phenomenon was also observed in israel since 2005, when infestations were reported from all over the country. two single nucleotide polymorphisms (v419l and l925i) in the bed bug voltage-sensitive sodium channel confer kdr-type resistance to pyrethroids. using quantitative sequencing (qs), the resistance allele frequencies of israeli bed bug populations from across the country were determined. genomic ... | 2015 | 26336243 |
| extensive mitochondrial heteroplasmy in natural populations of a resurging human pest, the bed bug (hemiptera: cimicidae). | homoplasmy, the occurrence of a single mitochondrial dna haplotype within an individual, has been the accepted condition across most organisms in the animal kingdom. in recent years, a number of exceptions to this rule have been reported, largely due to the ease with which single nucleotide polymorphisms can be detected. evidence of heteroplasmy-two or more mitochondrial variants within a single individual-has now been documented in a number of invertebrates; however, when present, heteroplasmy ... | 2015 | 26335484 |
| genetic variability and geographic diversity of the common bed bug (hemiptera: cimicidae) populations from the midwest using microsatellite markers. | with the recent global resurgence of the bed bugs (cimex lectularius l.), there is a need to better understand its biology, ecology, and ability to establish populations. bed bugs are domestic pests that feed mainly on mammalian blood. although bed bugs have not been implicated as vectors of pathogens, their biting activity inflicts severe insomnia and allergic reactions. moreover, they have recently developed resistance to various insecticides, which requires further molecular research to deter ... | 2015 | 26335463 |
| sublethal effects of activeguard exposure on feeding behavior and fecundity of the bed bug (hemiptera: cimicidae). | sublethal exposure to pesticides can alter insect behavior with potential for population-level consequences. we investigated sublethal effects of activeguard, a permethrin-impregnated fabric, on feeding behavior and fecundity of bed bugs (cimex lectularius l.) from five populations that ranged from susceptible to highly pyrethroid resistant. after exposure to activeguard fabric or untreated fabric for 1 or 10 min, adult virgin female bed bugs were individually observed when offered a blood meal ... | 2015 | 26334815 |
| climbing ability of the common bed bug (hemiptera: cimicidae). | little is known about what factors influence the climbing ability of bed bugs, cimex lectularius l. (hemiptera: cimicidae), in relation to the various surfaces they encounter. we examined how sex, time since last fed, and what surfaces the bed bugs were in contact with affected their climbing performance. the effects of sex and time since fed were tested by counting the number of bed bugs able to climb a 45° slope. the pulling force was recorded using an analytical balance technique that capture ... | 2015 | 26334801 |
| sperm metabolism is altered during storage by female insects: evidence from two-photon autofluorescence lifetime measurements in bedbugs. | we explore the possibility of characterizing sperm cells without the need to stain them using spectral and fluorescence lifetime analyses after multi-photon excitation in an insect model. the autofluorescence emission spectrum of sperm of the common bedbug, cimex lectularius, was consistent with the presence of flavins and nad(p)h. the mean fluorescence lifetimes showed smaller variation in sperm extracted from the male (tau m, τm = 1.54-1.84 ns) than in that extracted from the female sperm stor ... | 2015 | 26333813 |
| bed bug dermatitis, description of two cases in rio de janeiro, brazil. | bed bugs are hematophagous insects which due to their morphological and biological characteristics are able to easily adapt themselves to human households. the authors describe two cases of dermatitis caused by bed bug bites in the city of rio de janeiro, brazil. patients presented linear lesions in the usual "breakfast, lunch and dinner" arrangement, suggesting this diagnosis. a visit to their dwellings showed infestation of insects identified as cimex hemipterus. the knowledge of these insects ... | 2015 | 25830996 |
| bed bug outbreak in a neonatal unit. | there has been a worldwide increase in bed bug infestations over the last 10-15 years. a major stigma is placed upon the institutions found to be infested. we report our experience with an outbreak of the tropical bed bug, cimex hemipterus, in a neonatal unit. the outbreak not only affected the admitted newborns and mothers by causing a wide variety of rashes and inducing sleeplessness, but also impinged upon the health professionals and their families by producing similar symptomology. it is im ... | 2015 | 25591490 |
| effects of starvation and molting on the metabolic rate of the bed bug (cimex lectularius l.). | the bed bug (cimex lectularius l.) is a common hematophagous pest in the urban environment and is capable of surviving extended periods of starvation. however, the relationship between starvation and metabolism in bed bugs is not well understood. to better understand this relationship, we measured the metabolism of all life stages for >900 h after feeding (starvation) using closed-system respirometry. measurements were made around molting for the immature life stages, which occurs only after a b ... | 2015 | 25590593 |
| human odorant reception in the common bed bug, cimex lectularius. | the common bed bug cimex lectularius is a temporary ectoparasite on humans and currently resurgent in many developed countries. the ability of bed bugs to detect human odorants in the environment is critical for their host-seeking behavior. this study deciphered the chemical basis of host detection by investigating the neuronal response of olfactory sensilla to 104 human odorants using single sensillum recording and characterized the electro-physiological responses of bed bug odorant receptors t ... | 2015 | 26522967 |
| role of vision and mechanoreception in bed bug, cimex lectularius l. behavior. | the role of olfactory cues such as carbon dioxide, pheromones, and kairomones in bed bug, cimex lectularius l. behavior has been demonstrated. however, the role of vision and mechanoreception in bed bug behavior is poorly understood. we investigated bed bug vision by determining their responses to different colors, vertical objects, and their ability to detect colors and vertical objects under low and complete dark conditions. results show black and red paper harborages are preferred compared to ... | 2015 | 25748041 |
| effects of starvation on deltamethrin tolerance in bed bugs, cimex lectularius l. (hemiptera: cimicidae). | bed bugs, cimex lectularius l., are a major pest in the urban environment. their presence often results in physical, psychological, and financial distress of homeowners and apartment dwellers. although many insecticide bioassays have been performed on this pest, little attention has been paid to bed bug feeding status, which is closely linked to metabolism, molting, and mass. therefore, we evaluated the toxicity of topically applied deltamethrin on insecticide susceptible adult male bed bugs fed ... | 2015 | 26463068 |
| riboflavin provisioning underlies wolbachia's fitness contribution to its insect host. | endosymbiotic bacteria of the genus wolbachia represent the most successful symbiotic bacteria in the terrestrial ecosystem. the success of wolbachia has been ascribed to its remarkable phenotypic effects on host reproduction, such as cytoplasmic incompatibility, whereby maternally inherited bacteria can spread in their host populations at the expense of their host's fitness. meanwhile, recent theoretical as well as empirical studies have unveiled that weak and/or conditional positive fitness ef ... | 2015 | 26556278 |
| bed bugs (cimex lectularius) as vectors of trypanosoma cruzi. | populations of the common bed bug, cimex lectularius, have recently undergone explosive growth. bed bugs share many important traits with triatomine insects, but it remains unclear whether these similarities include the ability to transmit trypanosoma cruzi, the etiologic agent of chagas disease. here, we show efficient and bidirectional transmission of t. cruzi between hosts and bed bugs in a laboratory environment. most bed bugs that fed on experimentally infected mice acquired the parasite. a ... | 2015 | 25404068 |
| rna interference of nadph-cytochrome p450 reductase of the rice brown planthopper, nilaparvata lugens, increases susceptibility to insecticides. | nadph-cytochrome p450 reductase (cpr) is essential for numerous biological reactions catalysed by microsomal cytochrome p450 monooxygenases (p450s). knockdown of cpr in several insects leads to developmental defects and increased susceptibility to insecticides. however, information about the role of cpr in the brown planthopper, nilaparvata lugens, is still unavailable. | 2015 | 24515640 |
| effectiveness of a sugar-yeast monitor and a chemical lure for detecting bed bugs. | effective bed bug (cimex lectularius l.) monitors have been actively sought in the past few years to help detect bed bugs and measure the effectiveness of treatments. most of the available active monitors are either expensive or ineffective. we designed a simple and affordable active bed bug monitor that uses sugar-yeast fermentation and an experimental chemical lure to detect bed bugs. the sugar-yeast mixture released carbon dioxide at a similar rate (average 405.1 ml/min) as dry ice (average 3 ... | 2015 | 26470258 |
| correction: competence of cimex lectularius bed bugs for the transmission of bartonella quintana, the agent of trench fever. | 2015 | 26075401 | |
| competence of cimex lectularius bed bugs for the transmission of bartonella quintana, the agent of trench fever. | bartonella quintana, the etiologic agent of trench fever and other human diseases, is transmitted by the feces of body lice. recently, this bacterium has been detected in other arthropod families such as bed bugs, which begs the question of their involvement in b. quintana transmission. although several infectious pathogens have been reported and are suggested to be transmitted by bed bugs, the evidence regarding their competence as vectors is unclear. | 2015 | 26000974 |
| knockdown of nadph-cytochrome p450 reductase results in reduced resistance to buprofezin in the small brown planthopper, laodelphax striatellus (fallén). | nadph-cytochrome p450 reductase (cpr) plays an important role in cytochrome p450 function, and cpr knockdown in several insects leads to increased susceptibility to insecticides. however, a putative cpr gene has not yet been fully characterized in the small brown planthopper laodelphax striatellus, a notorious agricultural pest in rice that causes serious damage by transmitting rice stripe and rice black-streaked dwarf viruses. the objective of this study was to clone the cdna and to knock down ... | 2016 | 26821654 |
| characterization of cimex lectularius (bedbug) defensin peptide and its antimicrobial activity against human skin microflora. | antimicrobial peptides are components of both vertebrate and invertebrate innate immune systems that are expressed in response to exposure to bacterial antigens. naturally occurring antimicrobial peptides from evolutionarily ancient species have been extensively studied and are being developed as potential therapeutics against antibiotic resistant microorganisms. in this study, a putative cimex lectularius (bedbug, cl) defensin is characterized for its effectiveness against human skin flora incl ... | 2016 | 26802465 |
| a linkage map and qtl analysis for pyrethroid resistance in the bed bug cimex lectularius. | the rapid evolution of insecticide resistance remains one of the biggest challenges in the control of medically and economically important pests. insects have evolved a diverse range of mechanisms to reduce the efficacy of the commonly used classes of insecticides, and finding the genetic basis of resistance is a major aid to management. in a previously unstudied population, we performed an f2 resistance mapping cross for the common bed bug, cimex lectularius, for which insecticide resistance is ... | 2016 | 27733453 |
| comparison of different cytogenetic methods and tissue suitability for the study of chromosomes in cimex lectularius (heteroptera, cimicidae). | in the article we summarize the most common recent cytogenetic methods used in analysis of karyotypes in heteroptera. we seek to show the pros and cons of the spreading method compared with the traditional squashing method. we discuss the suitability of gonad, midgut and embryo tissue in cimex lectularius linnaeus, 1758 chromosome research and production of figures of whole mitosis and meiosis, using the spreading method. the hotplate spreading technique has many advantages in comparison with th ... | 2016 | 28123691 |
| egg hatch rate and nymphal survival of the bed bug (hemiptera: cimicidae) after exposure to insecticide sprays. | few studies have addressed the efficacy of insecticides used against eggs and first-instar nymphs of the bed bug, cimex lectularius l. (hemiptera: cimicidae). insect eggs are often resistant to insecticides; therefore, information on which products are effective is important. we evaluated the efficacy of four commonly used insecticide sprays applied directly to bed bug eggs. we also evaluated the efficacy of these insecticides to first-instar nymphs exposed to residuals resulting from directly s ... | 2016 | 27986941 |
| evidence of tolerance to silica-based desiccant dusts in a pyrethroid-resistant strain of cimex lectularius (hemiptera: cimicidae). | insecticide resistance in bed bugs (cimex lectularius and cimex hemipterus) has become widespread, which has necessitated the development of new ipm (integrated pest management) strategies and products for the eradication of infestations. two promising options are the diatomaceous earth and silica gel-based desiccant dusts, both of which induce dehydration and eventual death upon bed bugs exposed to these products. however, the impact of underlying mechanisms that confer resistance to insecticid ... | 2016 | 27941664 |
| cuticle thickening in a pyrethroid-resistant strain of the common bed bug, cimex lectularius l. (hemiptera: cimicidae). | thickening of the integument as a mechanism of resistance to insecticides is a well recognised phenomenon in the insect world and, in recent times, has been found in insects exhibiting pyrethroid-resistance. resistance to pyrethroid insecticides in the common bed bug, cimex lectularius l., is widespread and has been frequently inferred as a reason for the pest's resurgence. overexpression of cuticle depositing proteins has been demonstrated in pyrethroid-resistant bed bugs although, to date, no ... | 2016 | 27073871 |
| genome assembly and geospatial phylogenomics of the bed bug cimex lectularius. | the common bed bug (cimex lectularius) has been a persistent pest of humans for thousands of years, yet the genetic basis of the bed bug's basic biology and adaptation to dense human environments is largely unknown. here we report the assembly, annotation and phylogenetic mapping of the 697.9-mb cimex lectularius genome, with an n50 of 971 kb, using both long and short read technologies. a rna-seq time course across all five developmental stages and male and female adults generated 36,985 coding ... | 2016 | 26836631 |
| juvenile hormone regulation of female reproduction in the common bed bug, cimex lectularius. | to begin studies on reproduction in common bed bug, cimex lectularius, we identified three genes coding for vitellogenin (vg, a protein required for the reproductive success of insects) and studied their hormonal regulation. rna interference studied showed that expression of vg3 gene in the adult females is a prerequisite for successful completion of embryogenesis in the eggs laid by them. juvenile hormone (jh) receptor, methoprene-tolerant (met), steroid receptor coactivator (src) and gataa but ... | 2016 | 27762340 |
| corrigendum. | jakubowski, t.l., perron, t.j., and teixeira, e. (2015). rashes in school: can they stay, or should they go? nasn school nurse, 30(5): 274-282. (original doi: 10.1177/1942602x15596815)in the september 2015 issue of nasn school nurse, the images for lyme disease and spider bites were reversed. the correct order appears below.spnas;31/1/61/table11942602x15621761t1table1-1942602x15621761table 5.bites/stings in childrendiagnosis(bites, stings, cutaneous infestations)rash descriptionsigns and symptom ... | 2016 | 26739936 |
| suppression of bedbug's reproduction by rna interference of vitellogenin. | recent resurgence of the bedbug cimex lectularius is a global problem on the public health. on account of the worldwide rise of insecticide-resistant bedbug populations, exploration of new approaches to the bedbug control and management is anticipated. in this context, gene silencing by rna interference (rnai) has been considered for its potential application to pest control and management, because rnai enables specific suppression of target genes and thus flexible selection of target traits to ... | 2016 | 27096422 |
| bed bugs and possible transmission of human pathogens: a systematic review. | the global population of bed bugs (cimex lectularius and cimex hemipterus, family cimicidae) has undergone a significant resurgence since the late 1990s. this is likely due to an increase in global travel, trade, and the number of insecticide-resistant bed bugs. the global bed bug population is estimated to be increasing by 100-500 % annually. the worldwide spread of bed bugs is concerning, because they are a significant socioeconomic burden and a major concern to public health. according to the ... | 2016 | 27295087 |
| insecticide resistance and management strategies in urban ecosystems. | the increased urbanization of a growing global population makes imperative the development of sustainable integrated pest management (ipm) strategies for urban pest control. this emphasizes pests that are closely associated with the health and wellbeing of humans and domesticated animals. concurrently there are regulatory requirements enforced to minimize inadvertent exposures to insecticides in the urban environment. development of insecticide resistance management (irm) strategies in urban eco ... | 2016 | 26751480 |
| unique features of a global human ectoparasite identified through sequencing of the bed bug genome. | the bed bug, cimex lectularius, has re-established itself as a ubiquitous human ectoparasite throughout much of the world during the past two decades. this global resurgence is likely linked to increased international travel and commerce in addition to widespread insecticide resistance. analyses of the c. lectularius sequenced genome (650 mb) and 14,220 predicted protein-coding genes provide a comprehensive representation of genes that are linked to traumatic insemination, a reduced chemosensory ... | 2016 | 26836814 |
| using single sensillum recording to detect olfactory neuron responses of bed bugs to semiochemicals. | the insect olfactory system plays an important role in detecting semiochemicals in the environment. in particular, the antennal sensilla which house single or multiple neurons inside, are considered to make the major contribution in responding to the chemical stimuli. by directly recording action potential in the olfactory sensillum after exposure to stimuli, single sensillum recording (ssr) technique provides a powerful approach for investigating the neural responses of insects to chemical stim ... | 2016 | 26862929 |
| identification of bat ectoparasite leptocimex inordinatus from bat-dwelling cave, kanchanaburi province, thailand. | bat bugs are blood-feeding insects of bats or warm blooded animals and humans. since 2011, leptocimex spp (heteroptera: cimicidae) has been reported in thailand. however, microscopic examination of leptocimex spp is complicated, especially when the entire body of the specimen is not available. to confirm the phenotypic identification of l. inordinatus from a limestone bat cave in thailand, partial fragments of mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1 (coi) gene and 16s mitochondrial ribosoma ... | 2016 | 27086421 |
| using research and education to implement practical bed bug control programs in multifamily housing. | multifamily housing facilities serving low-income populations have been at the forefront of bed bug outbreaks. research conducted in the past 8 years has consistently proven that integrated pest management (ipm) is the best approach for successful suppression of bed bug infestations. bed bug ipm in multifamily settings is especially dependent upon a collaborative community or building-wide effort involving residents, building staff and pest control technicians. other components of a bed bug ipm ... | 2016 | 26251256 |
| krüppel homolog 1 and e93 mediate juvenile hormone regulation of metamorphosis in the common bed bug, cimex lectularius. | the common bed bug is an obligate hematophagous parasite of humans. we studied the regulation of molting and metamorphosis in bed bugs with a goal to identify key players involved. qrt-pcr studies on the expression of genes known to be involved in molting and metamorphosis showed high levels of krüppel homolog 1 [kr-h1, a transcription factor that plays key roles in juvenile hormone (jh) action] mrna in the penultimate nymphal stage (n4). however, low levels of kr-h1 mrna were detected in the fi ... | 2016 | 27185064 |
| effect of mating status and age on the male mate choice and mating competency in the common bed bug, cimex lectularius (hemiptera: cimicidae). | we investigated male mate choice and mating competency in the common bed bug, cimex lectularius l., using video tracking for 10 min per experiment. in the male mate choice experiment, when a male was placed with two females of different mating status, males preferred to initiate copulation with the virgin female more quickly than with the mated female, and the mean total copulation duration with virgin females (38.0 ± 3.0 s) was significantly longer than with mated females (14.6 ± 3.0 s). when a ... | 2016 | 27126612 |
| behavioral responses of nymph and adult cimex lectularius (hemiptera: cimicidae) to colored harborages. | behavioral bioassays were conducted to determine whether bed bug adults and nymphs prefer specific colored harborages. two-choice and seven-choice behavioral color assays indicate that red (28.5%) and black (23.4%) harborages are optimal harborage choices for bed bugs. yellow and green harborages appear to repel bed bugs. harborage color preferences change according to gender, nutritional status, aggregation, and life stage. female bed bugs prefer harborages with shorter wavelengths (lilac-14.5% ... | 2016 | 27113099 |
| toxicity and potential utility of ivermectin and moxidectin as xenointoxicants against the common bed bug, cimex lectularius l. | the recent resurgence of the common bed bug cimex lectularius l. throughout western industrialized nations has been facilitated in part by the insect becoming pesticide-resistant. novel control strategies, including xenointoxication, should be considered to combat c. lectularius. ivermectin, a u.s. food and drug administration (fda)-approved treatment for several human parasites, and the antiparasitic drug moxidectin, currently being explored in human clinical trials, were evaluated for efficacy ... | 2016 | 27090120 |
| condition-dependent ejaculate production affects male mating behavior in the common bedbug cimex lectularius. | food availability in the environment is often low and variable, constraining organisms in their resource allocation to different life-history traits. for example, variation in food availability is likely to induce condition-dependent investment in reproduction. further, diet has been shown to affect ejaculate size, composition and quality. how these effects translate into male reproductive success or change male mating behavior is still largely unknown. here, we concentrated on the effect of mea ... | 2016 | 27066237 |
| estimating the critical thermal maximum (ctmax) of bed bugs, cimex lectularius: comparing thermolimit respirometry with traditional visual methods. | evaluating the critical thermal maximum (ctmax) in insects has provided a number of challenges. visual observations of endpoints (onset of spasms, loss of righting response, etc.) can be difficult to measure consistently, especially with smaller insects. to resolve this problem, lighton and turner (2004) developed a new technique: thermolimit respirometry (tlr). tlr combines real time measurements of both metabolism (v·co2) and activity to provide two independent, objective measures of ctmax. ho ... | 2016 | 26970580 |
| new introductions, spread of existing matrilines, and high rates of pyrethroid resistance result in chronic infestations of bed bugs (cimex lectularius l.) in lower-income housing. | infestations of the common bed bug (cimex lectularius l.) have increased substantially in the united states in the past 10-15 years. the housing authority in harrisonburg, virginia, conducts heat-treatments after bed bugs are detected in a lower-income housing complex, by treating each infested unit at 60°c for 4-6 hours. however, a high frequency of recurrent infestations called into question the efficacy of this strategy. genetic analysis using bayesian clustering of polymorphic microsatellite ... | 2016 | 26901153 |
| efficacy of selected insecticide sprays and aerosols against the common bed bug, cimex lectularius (hemiptera: cimicidae). | we evaluated the residual efficacy of four liquid sprays and four ready-to-use aerosols that are commonly used in the u.s. against a field-collected bed bug, cimex lectularius l., strain with moderate resistance level to pyrethroids. the four liquid sprays were: tandem (0.1% thiamethoxam, 0.03% lambda-cyhalothrin), temprid sc (0.05% imidacloprid, 0.025% cyfluthrin), transport ghp (0.05% acetamiprid, 0.06% bifenthrin), and demand cs (0.03% lambda-cyhalothrin). the four aerosols were: alpine (0.5% ... | 2016 | 26840334 |
| high levels of resistance in the common bed bug, cimex lectularius (hemiptera: cimicidae), to neonicotinoid insecticides. | the rapid increase of bed bug populations resistant to pyrethroids demands the development of novel control tactics. products combining pyrethroids and neonicotinoids have become very popular for bed bug control in the united states, but there are concerns about evolution of resistance to these compounds. laboratory assays were used to measure the toxicity of topical applications of four neonicotinoids to a susceptible population and three pyrethroid-resistant populations. activity of esterases, ... | 2016 | 26823499 |
| feel the heat: activation, orientation and feeding responses of bed bugs to targets at different temperatures. | host location in bed bugs is poorly understood. of the primary host-associated cues known to attract bed bugs - co2, odors, heat - heat has received little attention as an independent stimulus. we evaluated the effects of target temperatures ranging from 23 to 48°c on bed bug activation, orientation and feeding. activation and orientation responses were assessed using a heated target in a circular arena. all targets heated above ambient temperature activated bed bugs (initiated movement) and eli ... | 2016 | 27688050 |
| cimex lectularius ("bed bugs"): recognition, management, and eradication. | 2016 | 27811536 | |
| cimex lectularius ("bed bugs"): recognition, management, and eradication. | reports of bed bug infestations in major cities in the united states and abroad have been in the public press. physicians and other clinicians who care for children need to be able to recognize bed bug bites and understand the social, psychological, and medical implications that this diagnosis will have on patients and their families. in this article, a case presentation serves to guide discussion regarding establishing the diagnosis, differential diagnosis, and the management of bed bug bites a ... | 2016 | 27811535 |
| vision in the common bed bug cimex lectularius l. (hemiptera: cimicidae): eye morphology and spectral sensitivity. | bed bugs as pests of public health importance recently experienced a resurgence in populations throughout the u.s. and other countries. consequently, recent research efforts have focused on improving understanding of bed bug physiology and behaviour to improve management. while few studies have investigated the visual capabilities of bed bugs, the present study focused specifically on eye morphology and spectral sensitivity. a 3-d imaging technique was used to document bed bug eye morphology fro ... | 2016 | 27670265 |
| seasonal variability in bed-bug (cimex lectularius) activity in western europe, the united states, and australia using search engine query data as a surrogate outbreak measure. | 2016 | 27543216 | |
| protein self-marking by ectoparasites: a case study using bed bugs (hemiptera: cimicidae). | the ability to mark individuals is a critical feature of many entomological investigations, including dispersal studies. insect dispersal is generally investigated using mark-release-recapture techniques, whereby marked individuals are released at a known location and then captured at a measured distance. ectoparasite dispersal has historically been challenging to study, in part because of the ethical concerns associated with releasing marked individuals. here, we introduce the protein self-mark ... | 2016 | 27493250 |