| the induction of lymphoid follicle-like structures in the ovine teat duct following experimental infection with mannheimia haemolytica. | the objectives of this study were to investigate the early stages of experimental infection of the ovine mammary gland with mannheimia haemolytica and to identify the lymphocyte subsets accumulating at the teat duct. m. haemolytica was inoculated into one teat of each of 25 ewes and clinical, bacteriological, cytological, haematological, physicochemical, gross pathological, histopathological and immunohistochemical examinations were carried out. clinical signs of inflammation were evident by 8 h ... | 2010 | 19268613 |
| pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic modelling of marbofloxacin administered alone and in combination with tolfenamic acid in goats. | in a four-period cross-over study, the fluoroquinolone antibacterial drug marbofloxacin (mb) was administered to goats intramuscularly (im) at a dose rate of 2 mg/kg, both alone and in combination with the non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug tolfenamic acid (ta), also administered im at a dose rate of 2 mg/kg. using a tissue cage model of inflammation, based on the irritant actions of carrageenan, the pharmacokinetics (pk) of mb and mb in combination with ta were determined. mb mean values of a ... | 2010 | 19299172 |
| optimization and scale-up of succinic acid production by mannheimia succiniciproducens lpk7. | the effects of culture conditions on succinic acid production and its possible scale-up have been studied. mannheimia succiniciproducens lpk7, engineered for enhanced production of succinic acid and reduced by-product secretion, was used for the experiments. mannheimia succiniciproducens lpk7 is a knock-out strain of wild type deficient in the ldha, pflb, and pta-acka genes, and is derived from mannheimia succiniciproducens mbel55e. process optimization of factors including optimal temperature, ... | 2009 | 19307766 |
| [fatty acid composition of cells and lipopolysaccliarides of mannheimia haemolytica, mannheimia glucosida and bibersteinia trehalosi strains]. | the mannheimia haemolytica, mannheimia glucosida and bibersteinia trehalosi strains and the similar fatty acid composition of cells with domination of c(16:1) and c(16:0), which were in almost equal quantities, c(14:0 and c(18:1) + c(18:2). the fatty acid composition of lipopolysaccharides (lps) of the studied bacteria had no essential differences too. it was mainly represented by c(14:0) and 3-oh-c(14:0) which consisted of more than 80% of all lps fatty acids. c(12:0), c(16:1) and c(16:0) were ... | 2008 | 19351048 |
| porcine cd18 mediates actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae apxiii species-specific toxicity. | actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae, the causative agent of porcine pleuropneumonia, produces apx toxins that are recognized as major virulence factors. recently, we showed that apxiiia-cytotoxic activity specifically targets sus scrofa leukocytes. since both ltxa from aggregatibacter actinomycetem comitans (aggressive periodontitis in humans) and lkta from mannheimia haemolytica (pneumonia in ruminants) share this characteristic, respectively towards human and ruminant leukocytes, and because both ... | 2009 | 19356397 |
| variation in pasteurella (bibersteinia) and mannheimia spp. following transport and antibiotic treatment in free-ranging and captive rocky mountain bighorn sheep (ovis canadensis canadensis). | morbidity and mortality associated with respiratory disease following capture and translocation of bighorn sheep (ovis canadensis canadensis) is a significant concern, particularly when establishing new or augmenting existing bighorn populations. administration of prophylactic antibiotics at the time of capture is often done to minimize the risk of respiratory disease, but the efficacy of this practice is unknown. the effects of oxytetracycline and florfenicol on the pasteurella (bibersteinia) a ... | 2009 | 19368250 |
| transmission of lungworms (muellerius capillaris) from domestic goats to bighorn sheep on common pasture. | four domestic goats (capra hircus) that were passing first-stage dorsal-spined larvae of muellerius capillaris were copastured on a 0.82-ha pasture for 11 mo from may 2003 to april 2004 with seven rocky mountain bighorn sheep (ovis canadensis) that were not passing dorsal-spined larvae. during the 11-mo experiment, two bighorn sheep died from pneumonia caused by mannheimia (pasteurella) haemolytica biotype a, serotype 2. the remaining five bighorn sheep and the four domestic goats remained healt ... | 2009 | 19395736 |
| bovine herpesvirus type 1 infection of bovine bronchial epithelial cells increases neutrophil adhesion and activation. | respiratory infection of cattle with bovine herpesvirus type 1 (bhv-1) predisposes cattle to secondary pneumonia with mannheimia haemolytica as part of the bovine respiratory disease complex (brd). one cell type that has received limited investigation for its role in the inflammation that accompanies brd is the respiratory epithelial cell. in the present study we investigated mechanisms by which bhv-1 infection of respiratory epithelial cells contributes to the recruitment and activation of bovi ... | 2009 | 19406483 |
| mutations in gyra and parc in fluoroquinolone-resistant mannheimia haemolytica isolates from cattle in japan. | nine isolates of mannheimia haemolytica, comprising an enrofloxacin (erfx)-resistant isolate, five nalidixic acid-resistant isolates and three susceptible isolates, from diseased cattle were subjected to sequence analysis of the quinolone resistance-determining regions (qrdrs) of the gyra and parc genes. an erfx-resistant isolate was shown to have two amino acid substitutions in gyra (s83f and d87g) and one substitution in parc (s80i). three mutations in the qrdrs of gyra were found in the na-re ... | 2009 | 19420855 |
| antimicrobial resistance and genetic characterization of fluoroquinolone-resistant mannheimia haemolytica isolates from cattle with bovine pneumonia. | antimicrobial susceptibility and molecular characterization of quinolone-resistant mannheimia haemolytica was conducted. the antimicrobial susceptibility of 229 m. haemolytica isolates which were obtained from cattle with bovine respiratory disease during the period 1984-2006, was determined using 14 antimicrobial agents. of the 229 isolates, 114 (49.8%) were resistant to at least one agent and resistance rates ranged from 4.8% to 31.4%. resistance rates for dihydrostreptomycin, oxytetracycline, ... | 2009 | 19428195 |
| development of a multilocus sequence typing (mlst) scheme for mannheimia haemolytica and assessment of the population structure of isolates obtained from cattle and sheep. | mannheimia haemolytica is an important veterinary pathogen affecting cattle and sheep. previous typing methods, including restriction enzyme analysis, pulsed-field gel electrophoresis and multilocus enzyme electrophoresis (mlee) have indicated a clonal population structure. multilocus sequence typing (mlst) has now almost replaced mlee and is a definitive and portable typing method, allowing global data exchange. the purpose of this study was to develop a mlst scheme for m. haemolytica. a collec ... | 2009 | 19460329 |
| intranasal vaccination of young holstein calves with mannheimia haemolytica chimeric protein plpe-lkt (sac89) and cholera toxin. | | 2009 | 19477022 |
| evolution of the leukotoxin promoter in genus mannheimia. | the mannheimia species encompass a wide variety of bacterial lifestyles, including opportunistic pathogens and commensals of the ruminant respiratory tract, commensals of the ovine rumen, and pathogens of the ruminant integument. here we present a scenario for the evolution of the leukotoxin promoter among representatives of the five species within genus mannheimia. we also consider how the evolution of the leukotoxin operon fits with the evolution and maintenance of virulence. | 2009 | 19480674 |
| comparison of polymerase chain reaction primer sets for amplification of rodent pasteurellaceae. | monitoring of rodents for pasteurellaceae infection may be carried out by the polymerase chain reaction (pcr). we tested which of 17 rodent pasteurellaceae strains were detected by three pcr primer sets. by phylogenetic analysis, 12 strains were assigned to the rodent cluster and five strains to other clusters, namely the somnus cluster, pasteurella sensu stricto, actinobacillus sensu stricto, the mannheimia and rossii cluster. a primer set developed to detect biotype heyl [pasteurella] pneumotr ... | 2009 | 19505934 |
| pk-pd integration and modeling of marbofloxacin in sheep. | the fluoroquinolone antimicrobial drug, marbofloxacin, was administered intravenously (iv) and intramuscularly (im) to sheep at a dose rate of 2 mg kg(-1) in a 2-period cross-over study. using a tissue cage model of inflammation, the pharmacokinetic properties of marbofloxacin were established for serum, inflamed tissue cage fluid (exudate) and non-inflamed tissue cage fluid (transudate). for serum, after iv dosing, mean values for pharmacokinetic parameters were: clearance 0.48 l kg(-1) h(-1); ... | 2010 | 19523661 |
| proteome-based physiological analysis of the metabolically engineered succinic acid producer mannheimia succiniciproducens lpk7. | using two-dimensional gel electrophoresis (2-de) and mass spectrometry, the proteome of a metabolically engineered succinic acid-overproducing bacterium, mannheimia succiniciproducens lpk7, was examined and compared with that of its wild type strain, mbel55e, to elucidate the physiological and metabolic changes responsible for succinic acid overproduction and cell growth. comparative proteomic studies clearly showed that the expression levels of enzymes involved in the atp formation and consumpt ... | 2010 | 19533175 |
| in silico analysis of the effects of h2 and co2 on the metabolism of a capnophilic bacterium mannheimia succiniciproducens. | this study presents an in-depth study on the physiological behavior of mannheimia succiniciproducens, a capnophilic bacterium and an efficient succinic acid producer, under varying gas conditions as h(2) and co(2) play important roles in the production of succinic acid. constraints-based flux analysis of the genome-scale metabolic model of m. succiniciproducens was performed to estimate the production patterns of several organic acids in response to varying h(2), co(2), and glucose uptake rates. ... | 2009 | 19539674 |
| lung pathology and infectious agents in fatal feedlot pneumonias and relationship with mortality, disease onset, and treatments. | this study charted 237 fatal cases of bovine respiratory disease (brd) observed from may 2002 to may 2003 in a single oklahoma feed yard. postmortem lung samples were used for agent identification and histopathology. late in the study, 94 skin samples (ear notches) were tested for bovine viral diarrhea virus (bvdv) by immunohistochemistry (ihc). bovine respiratory disease morbidity was 14.7%, and the mortality rate of all causes was 1.3%, with more than half (53.8%) attributed to brd (0.7% total ... | 2009 | 19564494 |
| intranasal vaccination of calves with mannheimia haemolytica chimeric protein containing the major surface epitope of outer membrane lipoprotein plpe, the neutralizing epitope of leukotoxin, and cholera toxin subunit b. | this study was done to determine if intranasal vaccination of weaned beef calves with a chimeric protein containing the immunodominant surface epitope of mannheimia haemolytica plpe (r2) and the neutralizing epitope of leukotoxin (nlkt) covalently linked to truncated cholera toxin (ct) subunit b (ctb) could stimulate secretory and systemic antibodies against m. haemolytica while enhancing resistance of cattle against m. haemolytica intrabronchial challenge. sixteen weaned beef calves were intran ... | 2009 | 19581005 |
| atypical non-progressive pneumonia in goats. | an outbreak of severe respiratory disease in a goat herd was associated with mycoplasma ovipneumoniae, mycoplasma arginini, mannheimia haemolytica and pasteurella multocida with mortality rates exceeding 20% in kids. post mortem features in affected kids included severe pleuropneumonia, lung consolidation, large quantities of pleural fluid and pericarditis. this is the first report of atypical proliferative pneumonia in goats in portugal. | 2010 | 19596209 |
| pharmacokinetics and pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic integration of orbifloxacin in korean hanwoo cattle. | the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of orbifloxacin were studied in six clinically healthy hanwoo cows after intravenous (i.v.) and intramuscular (i.m.) administration at a dose of 3 mg/kg. orbifloxacin concentrations were determined by high performance liquid chromatography with fluorescence detection. steady-state volume of distribution and clearance of orbifloxacin after i.v. administration were 0.92 l/kg and 0.24 l/h x kg, respectively. following i.m. administration, a slow and complet ... | 2009 | 19646085 |
| new plasmid tools for genetic analysis of actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae and other pasteurellaceae. | we have generated a set of plasmids, based on the mobilizable shuttle vector pmidg100, which can be used as tools for genetic manipulation of actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae and other members of the pasteurellaceae. a tandem reporter plasmid, pmc-tandem, carrying promoterless xyle and gfpmut3 genes downstream of a multiple-cloning site (mcs), can be used for identification of transcriptional regulators and conditions which favor gene expression from different cloned promoters. the ability to det ... | 2009 | 19666733 |
| exposure to pathogens and incidence of respiratory disease in young bulls on their arrival at fattening operations in france. | the incidence of clinical respiratory disease in 698 young beef bulls kept in 68 pens, and their exposure to respiratory pathogens after their arrival at 51 fattening operations in western france were assessed. antibodies against bovine respiratory syncytial virus (brsv), bovine herpesvirus type 1 (bhv-1), mannheimia haemolytica and mycoplasma bovis were measured by elisa. the incidence risk of respiratory disease was 18.5 per cent during the first six weeks. cases occurred in 37 of the 68 pens, ... | 2009 | 19684344 |
| intact signal peptide of cd18, the beta-subunit of beta2-integrins, renders ruminants susceptible to mannheimia haemolytica leukotoxin. | signal peptides of membrane proteins are cleaved by endoplasmic reticulum-resident signal peptidase, and thus, are not present on mature membrane proteins. here, we report that, contrary to the paradigm, the signal peptide of ruminant cd18, the beta-subunit of beta(2)-integrins, is not cleaved. intriguingly, the intact signal peptide of cd18 is responsible for the susceptibility of ruminant leukocytes to mannheimia (pasteurella) haemolytica leukotoxin (lkt). inhibition of lkt-induced cytolysis o ... | 2009 | 19706410 |
| technical note: copper chaperone for copper, zinc superoxide dismutase: a potential biomarker for copper status in cattle. | copper chaperone for cu, zn superoxide dismutase (ccs) has been shown to be reflective of cu status in mice and rats. the objective of this study was to evaluate liver and erythrocyte ccs as an indicator of cu status in beef cattle (exp. 1), and to test the acute-phase properties of ccs under conditions of inflammation (exp. 2). in exp. 1, samples of whole blood and liver were collected at slaughter (492 d of age) from 15 cu-deficient and 6 cu-adequate angus calves. at the time of tissue collect ... | 2009 | 19717775 |
| analysis of a collagen-binding trimeric autotransporter adhesin from mannheimia haemolytica a1. | a locus that codes for a high-molecular-weight adhesin was previously isolated from mannheimia haemolytica a1. in this study, we showed that this locus, named ahs, codes for two proteins (ahsa and ahsb) that exhibit characteristics of a trimeric autotransporter adhesin. sequence analysis of ahsa showed the presence of 21 collagen-binding motifs in the protein. collagen-binding assays showed that m. haemolytica a1 binds to collagen in a dose-dependent manner. this binding activity is trypsin sens ... | 2009 | 19796136 |
| expression and activity of n-myristoyltransferase in lung inflammation of cattle and its role in neutrophil apoptosis. | n-myristoyltransferase (nmt) attaches a 14 carbon fatty acid, myristic acid, to the n-terminal glycine residue of proteins. nmt exists in two isoforms nmt1 and nmt2. myristoylated proteins play critical roles in protein-protein interactions, cell signaling and oncogenesis. although elevated expression of nmt1 has been described in colorectal carcinoma, its expression and roles in normal and inflamed lungs of the cattle are unknown. therefore, we investigated the expression and activity of nmt in ... | 2010 | 19796608 |
| an ecologic study comparing distribution of pasteurella trehalosi and mannheimia haemolytica between sierra nevada bighorn sheep, white mountain bighorn sheep, and domestic sheep. | the prevalence and phenotypic variability of pasteurella and mannheimia isolates from sierra nevada bighorn sheep (ovis canadensis sierrae), white mountain bighorn sheep (ovis canadensis nelsoni), and domestic sheep (ovis aries) from california, usa, were compared. the white mountain bighorn sheep population had a recent history of pneumonia-associated mortality, whereas the sierra nevada bighorn sheep population had no recent history of pneumonia-associated mortality. the domestic sheep flocks ... | 2009 | 19901369 |
| enterobacteriaceae and pseudomonadaceae on the dorsum of the human tongue. | the aim of this study was to correlate the presence of enterobacteriaceae, pseudomonadaceae, moraxellaceae and xanthomonadaceae on the posterior dorsum of the human tongue with the presence of tongue coating, gender, age, smoking habit and denture use. | 2009 | 19936511 |
| genome sequences of mannheimia haemolytica serotype a2: ovine and bovine isolates. | this report describes the genome sequences of mannheimia haemolytica serotype a2 isolated from pneumonic lungs of two different ruminant species, one from ovis aries, designated ovine (o), and the other from bos taurus, designated bovine (b). | 2010 | 19966002 |
| continuous production of succinic acid using an external membrane cell recycle system. | succinic acid was produced by continuous fermentation of actinobacillus succinogenes sp. 130z in an external membrane cell recycle reactor to improve viable cell concentration and productivity. using this system, cell concentration increased to 16.4 g/l at the dilution rate 0.2 h-1, up to 3 times higher than that of batch culture, and the volumetric productivity of succinic acid increased up to 6.63 g/l/h at the dilution rate 0.5 h-1, 5 times higher than that of batch fermentation. however, in t ... | 2009 | 19996689 |
| bovine respiratory disease research (1983-2009). | bovine respiratory disease (brd) research has provided significant understanding of the disease over the past 26 years. modern research tools that have been used include monoclonal antibodies, genomics, polymerase chain reaction, immunohistochemistry (ihc), dna vaccines and viral vectors coding for immunogens. emerging/reemerging viruses and new antigenic strains of viruses and bacteria have been identified. methods of detection and the role for cattle persistently infected bovine viral diarrhea ... | 2009 | 20003649 |
| host response to bovine respiratory pathogens. | bovine respiratory disease (brd) involves complex interactions amongst viral and bacterial pathogens that can lead to intense pulmonary inflammation (fibrinous pleuropneumonia). viral infection greatly increases the susceptibility of cattle to secondary infection of the lung with bacterial pathogens like mannheimia haemolytica and histophilus somni. the underlying reason for this viral/bacterial synergism, and the manner in which cattle respond to the virulence strategies of the bacterial pathog ... | 2009 | 20003650 |
| update on bacterial pathogenesis in brd. | mannheimia haemolytica, pasteurella multocida, histophilus somni, mycoplasma bovis and arcanobacterium pyogenes are all frequently implicated in bovine respiratory disease (brd). m. haemolytica is considered the most important of the group. these bacteria are commensals in the nasopharynx and establish infection in the lungs of cattle that are subjected to a variety of stresses. factors that permit adherence to and proliferation in the lungs and factors that cause tissue destruction and inflamma ... | 2009 | 20003651 |
| orbus hercynius gen. nov., sp. nov., isolated from faeces of wild boar, is most closely related to members of the orders 'enterobacteriales' and pasteurellales. | a novel gammaproteobacterium, strain cn3(t), was isolated from the faeces of wild boar. strain cn3(t) was facultatively anaerobic and appeared coccoid or rod-shaped. the partial 16s rrna gene sequence determined for strain cn3(t) suggested a distant relationship with members of the orders 'enterobacteriales' and pasteurellales. the gene sequence showed highest similarity (90.3 %) with obesumbacterium proteus dsm 2777(t), a member of the family enterobacteriaceae. the closest relatives outside th ... | 2010 | 20023064 |
| bibersteinia trehalosi inhibits the growth of mannheimia haemolytica by a proximity-dependent mechanism. | mannheimia (pasteurella) haemolytica is the only pathogen that consistently causes severe bronchopneumonia and rapid death of bighorn sheep (bhs; ovis canadensis) under experimental conditions. paradoxically, bibersteinia (pasteurella) trehalosi and pasteurella multocida have been isolated from bhs pneumonic lungs much more frequently than m. haemolytica. these observations suggest that there may be an interaction between these bacteria, and we hypothesized that b. trehalosi overgrows or otherwi ... | 2010 | 20038698 |
| ovis aries cr4 is involved in mannheimia haemolytica leukotoxin-induced cytotoxicity. | pneumonia caused by mannheimia haemolytica is an important disease of domestic sheep (ds, ovis aries) and cattle (bo). m. haemolytica is a normal commensal of the upper respiratory tract in ruminants, but during stress and viral infection it breaches the host innate mucosal defense and descents into lungs causing fibrinous pleuropneumonia. leukotoxin (lkt) produced by m. haemolytica is cytolytic to all subsets of ruminant leukocytes. earlier, we and others have shown that ds and bo lfa-1 (cd11a/ ... | 2010 | 20060597 |
| a single vaccination with an inactivated bovine respiratory syncytial virus vaccine primes the cellular immune response in calves with maternal antibody. | the efficacy of a single dose of an inactivated bovine respiratory syncytial virus (brsv)--parainfluenaza type 3 (pi3)--mannheimia haemolytica (mh) combination vaccine, in calves positive for maternal antibodies, was established in a brsv infection study. | 2010 | 20064236 |
| mannheimia succiniciproducens phosphotransferase system for sucrose utilization. | the succinic acid producer mannheimia succiniciproducens can efficiently utilize sucrose as a carbon source, but its metabolism has not been understood. this study revealed that m. succiniciproducens uses a sucrose phosphotransferase system (pts), sucrose 6-phosphate hydrolase, and a fructose pts for the transport and utilization of sucrose. | 2010 | 20081002 |
| n-terminal region of mannheimia haemolytica leukotoxin serves as a mitochondrial targeting signal in mammalian cells. | mannheimia haemolytica leukotoxin (lkta) is a member of the rtx toxin family that specifically kills ruminant leukocytes. previous studies have shown that lkta induces apoptosis in susceptible cells via a caspase-9-dependent pathway that involves binding of lkta to mitochondria. in this study, using the bioinformatics tool mitoprot ii we identified an n-terminal amino acid sequence of lkta that represents a mitochondrial targeting signal (mts). we show that expression of this sequence, as a gfp ... | 2010 | 20109159 |
| bovine pasteurellosis and other bacterial infections of the respiratory tract. | despite technological, biologic, and pharmacologic advances the bacterial component of the bovine respiratory disease (brd) complex continues to have a major adverse effect on the health and wellbeing of stocker and feeder cattle. overlooked in this disappointing assessment is evaluation of the effects that working with younger, lighter-weight cattle have on managing the bacterial component of the brd complex. most problems associated with brd come from cattle taken from and comingled with cattl ... | 2010 | 20117542 |
| comparison of repetitive pcr and pulsed-field gel electrophoresis for the genotyping of mannheimia haemolytica. | mannheimia haemolytica is an opportunistic pathogen that can cause fibrinonecrotic pneumonia in cattle and is the main bacterial agent implicated in bovine respiratory disease-complex (brd). despite its economic importance to the cattle industry, few studies have characterized the genetic nature of m. haemolytica and none have genotyped isolates from feedlots. identifying and monitoring genetic variants of m. haemolytica is important to understanding the etiology of brd in cattle. we investigate ... | 2010 | 20122972 |
| molecular classification and its impact on diagnostics and understanding the phylogeny and epidemiology of selected members of pasteurellaceae of veterinary importance. | in this paper we briefly report recent taxonomic changes that have taken place within the bacterial family pasteurellaceae as a result of molecular investigations. we address the complexity and diagnostic possibilities and outline the current knowledge on the population structure these investigations have generated. in addition, we discuss future possibilities to improve basic understanding of genetic diversity at population level, possible host adaptation and stability of clones associated with ... | 2010 | 20135907 |
| effects of exposure to calves persistently infected with bovine viral diarrhea virus type 1b and mannheimia haemolytica challenge on animal performance, nitrogen balance, and visceral organ mass in beef steers. | bovine viral diarrhea viruses (bvdv) have been isolated alone or in combination with other viral and bacterial pathogens in animals diagnosed with bovine respiratory disease (brd), a disease causing major economic loss to the feedlot industry. the objective of this experiment was to determine the effects of mannheimia haemolytica challenge after short-term exposure (72 h) to bovine viral diarrhea virus type 1b (bvdv1b) persistently infected (pi) calves on performance, n balance, and organ mass i ... | 2010 | 20154160 |
| effects of exposure to calves persistently infected with bovine viral diarrhea virus type 1b and subsequent infection with mannheima haemolytica on clinical signs and immune variables: model for bovine respiratory disease via viral and bacterial interaction. | the objective was to determine effects of an intratracheal mannheimia haemolytica challenge after 72-h exposure to bovine viral diarrhea virus type 1b (bvdv1b) persistently infected (pi) calves on serum antibody production, white blood cell count (wbc), cytokine concentrations, and blood gases in feedlot steers. twenty-four steers (initial bw = 314 +/- 31 kg) were randomly allocated to 1 of 4 treatments (6 steers/treatment) arranged as a 2 x 2 factorial. treatments were 1) steers not exposed to ... | 2010 | 20154164 |
| molecular cloning of cd18 of bison, deer and elk, and comparison with that of other ruminants and non-ruminants. | pneumonia caused by mannheimia haemolytica is an important disease of cattle, domestic sheep, bighorn sheep and goats. leukotoxin (lkt) produced by m. haemolytica is cytolytic to all leukocyte subsets of these species. lkt utilizes cd18, the beta subunit of beta(2)-integrins, as its functional receptor on leukocytes of these species. cytotoxicity assays revealed that leukocytes from bison, deer, and elk are also susceptible to lkt-induced cytolysis. the availability of cdna encoding cd18 of biso ... | 2010 | 20176404 |
| serial evaluation of physiologic, pathological, and behavioral changes related to disease progression of experimentally induced mannheimia haemolytica pneumonia in postweaned calves. | to determine the usefulness of physiologic, behavioral, and pathological changes as objective indicators of early respiratory disease in calves with mannheimia haemolytica pneumonia. | 2010 | 20187839 |
| immunoproteomic analyses of outer membrane proteins of mannheimia haemolytica and identification of potential vaccine candidates. | immunoproteomic analyses were used to characterize the outer membrane proteome of mannheimia haemolytica, formerly pasteurella haemolytica, serotype 1, and determine potential vaccine candidate proteins. 2-de of m. haemolytica outer membranes was followed by immunoblot analyses using naïve and convalescent bovine sera. proteins were identified using maldi-tof and lc-ms/ms. spectral data was used to mine m. haemolytica protein database and 132 immunoreactive proteins were identified. bioinformati ... | 2010 | 20336679 |
| bighorn sheep fetal lung cell line for detection of respiratory viruses. | pneumonia is an important disease of bighorn sheep (bhs) that is primarily responsible for the drastic decline in numbers of these animals in north america. members of the genus mannheimia and pasteurella have frequently been isolated from the pneumonic lungs of bhs. antibodies to several respiratory viruses, including bovine parainfluenza virus 3 (bpiv-3), bovine respiratory syncytial virus (brsv), bovine viral diarrhea virus (bvdv), and bovine herpesvirus 1 (bohv-1), have been detected in herd ... | 2010 | 20357964 |
| pharmacodynamics of amoxicillin against mannheimia haemolytica and pasteurella multocida and pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic (pk/pd) correlation in sheep. | silicone-made tissue cages were implanted in sheep. blood serum (sbs) and tissue cage fluid (tcf) samples were collected after amoxicillin intravenous and intramuscular administrations, at the dose of 15 mg/kg. amoxicillin pharmacodynamics were studied in an artificial culture medium, sbs and tcf with use of a mannheimia haemolytica and a pasteurella multocida strain. a concentration-independent antimicrobial activity of amoxicillin was confirmed for levels higher than 0.79-1.75×mic. this result ... | 2010 | 20363488 |
| pneumonia of lambs in the abruzzo region of italy: anatomopathological and histopathological studies and localisation of mycoplasma ovipneumoniae. | the most common forms of inflammation of the lower respiratory tract in lambs are acute enzootic pneumonia, caused mainly by mannheimia haemolytica, chronic enzootic pneumonia (defined as 'atypical' in lambs), the aetiological of which is mycoplasma ovipneumoniae and viral inflammation principally caused by parainfluenza virus type 3. the authors conducted anatomopathological and histopathological studies of the most commonly encountered spontaneous lung inflammations in lambs slaughtered in the ... | 2007 | 20411506 |
| distribution of ceftiofur into mannheimia haemolytica-infected tissue chambers and lung after subcutaneous administration of ceftiofur crystalline free acid sterile suspension. | the objective of this study was to evaluate the penetration of ceftiofur- and desfuroylceftiofur-related metabolites (dca) into sterile and infected tissue chambers, lung tissue and disposition of dca in plasma across four different sacrifice days postdosing. twelve healthy calves were utilized following implantation with tissue chambers in the paralumbar fossa. tissue chambers in each calf were randomly inoculated with either mannheimia haemolytica or sterile pbs. all calves were dosed with cef ... | 2010 | 20444038 |
| mycoplasma ovipneumoniae can predispose bighorn sheep to fatal mannheimia haemolytica pneumonia. | mycoplasma ovipneumoniae has been isolated from the lungs of pneumonic bighorn sheep (bhs). however experimental reproduction of fatal pneumonia in bhs with m. ovipneumoniae was not successful. therefore the specific role, if any, of m. ovipneumoniae in bhs pneumonia is unclear. the objective of this study was to determine whether m. ovipneumoniae alone causes fatal pneumonia in bhs, or predisposes them to infection by mannheimia haemolytica. we chose m. haemolytica for this study because of its ... | 2010 | 20466492 |
| differential expression of interleukin-8 by polymorphonuclear leukocytes of two closely related species, ovis canadensis and ovis aries, in response to mannheimia haemolytica infection. | the pneumonic lesions and mortality caused by mannheimia haemolytica in bighorn sheep (bhs; ovis canadensis) are more severe than those in the related species, domestic sheep (ds; ovis aries), under both natural and experimental conditions. leukotoxin (lkt) and lipopolysaccharide (lps) are the most important virulence factors of this organism. one hallmark of pathogenesis of pneumonia is the influx of polymorphonuclear leukocytes (pmns) into the lungs. lkt-induced cytolysis of pmns results in th ... | 2010 | 20515932 |
| development of enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for bovine surfactant protein d in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid. | surfactant protein d (sp-d) is a pattern recognition molecule that has an important role in pulmonary host defense. in this study, we developed an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) for bovine sp-d and determined the concentration of sp-d in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (balf) from calves. bovine sp-d was purified from balf using a mannose-shepharose 6b column. the obtained 44 kda protein was identified as bovine sp-d by n-terminal amino acid sequence analysis and sds-page analysis. the p ... | 2010 | 20526045 |
| cytotoxicity and cytokine production by bovine alveolar macrophages challenged with wild type and leukotoxin-deficient mannheimia haemolytica. | leukotoxin (lkt) is a virulence factor for mannheimia haemolytica. in this study, bovine alveolar macrophages (bams) were challenged with wild type (wt) and lkt deficient (lkt(-)) m. haemolytica at a concentration of 1 bacterium/bam and the cytokine response was quantified by elisa and real-time reverse transcriptase-pcr. significant increases in protein concentrations of tumor necrosis factor (tnf)-α and interleukin (il)-10 were observed in supernatants obtained from bams challenged with the lk ... | 2011 | 20542456 |
| pharmacokinetics of gamithromycin in cattle with comparison of plasma and lung tissue concentrations and plasma antibacterial activity. | the pharmacokinetics (pk) and dose proportionality of gamithromycin (zactran), a novel azalide, after a single intravenous (i.v.) dose of 3 mg/kg or subcutaneous (s.c.) injection at 3, 6 and 9 mg/kg body weight were studied in 13 male castrate and 13 female angus cattle. following i.v. administration, the mean area under the curve extrapolated to infinity (auc(inf)) was 4.28 +/- 0.536 microgxh/ml, and mean elimination half-life (t(1/2)) was 44.9 +/- 4.67 h, with a large volume of distribution (v ... | 2010 | 20557439 |
| molecular cloning, characterization and in vitro expression of serpin b1 of bighorn sheep (ovis canadensis) and domestic sheep (ovis aries), and comparison with that of other species. | mannheimia haemolytica infection results in enhanced pmn-mediated tissue damage in the lungs of bighorn sheep (bhs) compared to that of domestic sheep (ds). serpin b1 is an inhibitor of pmn-derived serine proteases. it prevents lung tissue injury by inhibiting the serine proteases released as a result of pmn lysis and degranulation. it is conceivable that pmns of bhs exhibit decreased quantity and/or activity of serpin b1 which results in enhanced tissue injury and decreased bacterial clearance ... | 2010 | 20591503 |
| experimental infection of peste des petit ruminant virus and mannheimia haemolytica a2 in goats: immunolocalisation of mannheimia haemolytica antigens. | nigerian strain of peste des petit ruminant (ppr) virus and mannheimia haemolytica (mh) biotype a serotype 2, was used successfully to reproduce a concurrent disease in west african dwarf goats. the development of the various pathological features were studied at regular intervals following infection. the acute inflammatory reaction which had developed by day 3 after initial infection was characterised by flooding of the alveoli by neutrophils, oedema, hemorrhage and syncytial cells together wit ... | 2010 | 20617380 |
| bacterial pathogens of the bovine respiratory disease complex. | pneumonia caused by the bacterial pathogens discussed in this article is the most significant cause of morbidity and mortality of the brdc. most of these infectious bacteria are not capable of inducing significant disease without the presence of other predisposing environmental factors, physiologic stressors, or concurrent infections. mannheimia haemolytica is the most common and serious of these bacterial agents and is therefore also the most highly characterized. there are other important bact ... | 2010 | 20619191 |
| molecular cloning of interleukin-1β, interleukin-8, and tumor necrosis factor-α of bighorn sheep (ovis canadensis) and comparison with those of other species. | the susceptibility to, and pathology induced by, mannheimia haemolytica infection in bighorn sheep (bhs) and domestic sheep (ds) are distinctly different. bighorn sheep are particularly susceptible to pneumonia caused by m. haemolytica, and the pneumonic lesions in infected bhs are more severe than those in ds. the molecular basis for this disparity has not been elucidated. proinflammatory cytokines have been implicated in the pathogenesis of multiple lung diseases of humans and animals. it is p ... | 2010 | 20655598 |
| mannheimia species associated with ovine mastitis. | mannheimia glucosida, m. haemolytica, and m. ruminalis were isolated from cases of acute mastitis in ewes. m. glucosida was found to be a common cause of clinical mastitis in sheep. selected phenotypic tests in addition to genotyping were needed to definitively identify mannheimia species causing ovine mastitis. | 2010 | 20660220 |
| paleic acid, a fatty acid from paenibacillus sp.: taxonomy, fermentation, isolation, structure determination, and anti-mannheimia and -pasteurella activity. | paleic acid (1), an antibiotic, was obtained from a fermentation broth of paenibacillus sp. bmk771-af3. the compound is a fatty acid (9z,16r)-16-hydroxy-9-octadecenoic acid ((r)-16-hydroxyoleic acid), whose isolation required protection of its polar functional groups. mosher esters of paleic acid yielded information on the absolute configuration of secondary alcohol, and well-resolved (1)h nmr peaks around the double bond suggested that olefin adopted a z geometry. paleic acid showed potent anti ... | 2010 | 20664607 |
| mannheimia haemolytica: bacterial-host interactions in bovine pneumonia. | mannheimia haemolytica serotype s1 is considered the predominant cause of bovine pneumonic pasteurellosis, or shipping fever. various virulence factors allow m haemolytica to colonize the lungs and establish infection. these virulence factors include leukotoxin (lkt), lipopolysaccharide, adhesins, capsule, outer membrane proteins, and various proteases. the effects of lkt are species specific for ruminants, which stem from its unique interaction with the bovine β2 integrin receptor present on le ... | 2011 | 20685916 |
| transmission of mannheimia haemolytica from domestic sheep (ovis aries) to bighorn sheep (ovis canadensis): unequivocal demonstration with green fluorescent protein-tagged organisms. | previous studies demonstrated that bighorn sheep (ovis canadensis) died of pneumonia when commingled with domestic sheep (ovis aries) but did not conclusively prove that the responsible pathogens were transmitted from domestic to bighorn sheep. the objective of this study was to determine, unambiguously, whether mannheimia haemolytica can be transmitted from domestic to bighorn sheep when they commingle. four isolates of m. haemolytica were obtained from the pharynx of two of four domestic sheep ... | 2010 | 20688676 |
| development of sucrose-utilizing escherichia coli k-12 strain by cloning β-fructofuranosidases and its application for l-threonine production. | sucrose is one of the most promising carbon sources for industrial fermentation. to achieve sucrose catabolism, the sucrose utilization operons have been introduced into microorganisms that are not able to utilize sucrose. however, the rates of growth and sucrose uptake of these engineered strains were relatively low to be successfully employed for industrial applications. here, we report a practical example of developing sucrose-utilizing microorganisms using escherichia coli k-12 as a model sy ... | 2010 | 20711572 |
| microbiological and pathological examination of fatal calf pneumonia cases induced by bacterial and viral respiratory pathogens. | the infectious origin of fatal cases of calf pneumonia was studied in 48 calves from 27 different herds on postmortem examination. lung tissue samples were examined by pathological, histological, bacterial culture, virus isolation and immunohistochemical methods for the detection of viral and bacterial infections. pneumonia was diagnosed in 47/48 cases and infectious agents were found in 40/47 (85%) of those cases. the presence of multiple respiratory pathogens in 23/40 (57.5%) cases indicated t ... | 2010 | 20713325 |
| identification of putative two-component regulatory systems in the bovine pathogen mannheimia haemolytica a1, and preliminary characterization of the narq/p system. | the complete genome sequence of the bovine pathogen mannheimia haemolytica a1 was analyzed by blast searches for the presence of two-component regulatory system proteins. five complete sets of putative two-component systems were identified, and the narq/p system was further investigated. in silico analysis of the narq and narp proteins showed features that are typical of the sensor and response regulator proteins. a narp knock-out mutant was constructed. the narp mutant has lost its ability to r ... | 2010 | 20722734 |
| the synthesis of paleic acid, an antimicrobial agent effective against mannheimia and pasteurella, and its structurally related derivatives. | a synthetic route to paleic acid 1, antimicrobial agent effective against mannheimia haemolytica and pasteurella multocida, has been established. the absolute configuration of the secondary hydroxyl group was controlled by a catalytic asymmetric alkylation of an aldehyde using a chiral titanium sulfonamide complex and the cis double bond was installed using a wittig reaction. this synthetic route was also applied to the preparation of structurally related analogs, which were used in structure-ac ... | 2010 | 20728353 |
| mannheimia caviae sp. nov., isolated from epidemic conjunctivitis and otitis media in guinea pigs. | strains t138021/75t, pg 19 and pg 20 (taxon 25 of bisgaard) all isolated from guinea pigs were characterized. strains t138021-75 t and pg20 showed identical 16s rrna gene sequences and were distantly related with the highest 16s rrna similarity of 98.6 % to the published strain p224, while the type strain of mannheimia glucosida and other strains of mannheimia glucosida demonstrated 97.8% similarity, while the type strain of mannheimia varigena showed 97.3% 16s rrna similarity, whereas all other ... | 2010 | 20729306 |
| mannheimia haemolytica and its leukotoxin cause neutrophil extracellular trap formation by bovine neutrophils. | mannheimia haemolytica is an important member of the bovine respiratory disease complex, which is characterized by abundant neutrophil infiltration into the alveoli and fibrin deposition. recently several authors have reported that human neutrophils release neutrophil extracellular traps (nets), which are protein-studded dna matrices capable of trapping and killing pathogens. here, we demonstrate that the leukotoxin (lkt) of m. haemolytica causes net formation by bovine neutrophils in a cd18-dep ... | 2010 | 20823211 |
| localization and functional characterization of pulmonary bovine odorant-binding protein. | bovine odorant-binding protein (obp) may function in olfaction and defense against oxidative injury, but its role in inflammation and defense against bacterial infection has not been investigated. expression of obp was discovered in the bovine lung and found to undergo changes in abundance during glucocorticoid administration and stress. obp was localized to nasal, tracheal, and bronchial mucosal glands with immunohistochemistry, with faint expression in airway surface epithelium and none in bro ... | 2010 | 20826843 |
| transmission of mannheimia haemolytica from the tonsils of lambs to the teat of ewes during sucking. | objective of the work was to study whether mannheimia haemolytica may be transmitted from the mouth of the lambs into the teat of the dam during sucking. we compared bacterial populations within the teat duct and milk of ewes immediately before and immediately after sucking by the lambs. tonsils of lambs of the ewes were swabbed. m. haemolytica strain dag21t recovered from a teat duct of a ewe was compared to strain dag21r recovered from the tonsils of her lamb by using 16s rrna sequencing. we u ... | 2010 | 20863634 |
| evidence for a common gene pool and frequent recombinational exchange of the tbpba operon in mannheimia haemolytica, mannheimia glucosida and bibersteinia trehalosi. | the tbpba operon was sequenced in 42 representative isolates of mannheimia haemolytica (32), mannheimia glucosida (6) and bibersteinia trehalosi (4). a total of 27 tbpb and 20 tbpa alleles were identified whilst the tbpba operon was represented by 28 unique alleles that could be assigned to seven classes. there were 1566 (34.8% variation) polymorphic nucleotide sites and 482 (32.1% variation) variable inferred amino acid positions among the 42 tbpba sequences. the tbpba operons of serotype a2 m. ... | 2010 | 20884693 |
| a three-way comparative genomic analysis of mannheimia haemolytica isolates. | mannhemia haemolytica is a gram-negative bacterium and the principal etiological agent associated with bovine respiratory disease complex. they transform from a benign commensal to a deadly pathogen, during stress such as viral infection and transportation to feedlots and cause acute pleuropneumonia commonly known as shipping fever. the u.s beef industry alone loses more than one billion dollars annually due to shipping fever. despite its enormous economic importance there are no specific and ac ... | 2010 | 20920355 |
| ornithobacterium rhinotracheale north american field isolates express a hemolysin-like protein. | ornithobacterium rhinotracheale is a gram-negative bacterium responsible for the sporadic outbreaks of airsacculitis in poultry, accounting for millions of dollars in losses to the poultry industry annually. although the organism was originally classified as non-beta-hemolytic, recent north american field isolates of o. rhinotracheale obtained from pneumonic lungs and air sacs indicated hemolytic activity on blood agar plates upon extended incubation for 48 hr at room temperature in air after in ... | 2010 | 20945779 |
| anti-inflammatory benefits of antibiotic-induced neutrophil apoptosis: tulathromycin induces caspase-3-dependent neutrophil programmed cell death and inhibits nf-kappab signaling and cxcl8 transcription. | clearance of apoptotic neutrophils is a central feature of the resolution of inflammation. findings indicate that immuno-modulation and induction of neutrophil apoptosis by macrolide antibiotics generate anti-inflammatory benefits via mechanisms that remain obscure. tulathromycin (tul), a new antimicrobial agent for bovine respiratory disease, offers superior clinical efficacy for reasons not fully understood. the aim of this study was to identify the immuno-modulating effects of tulathromycin a ... | 2010 | 20956586 |
| a bighorn sheep die-off in southern colorado involving a pasteurellaceae strain that may have originated from syntopic cattle. | we investigated a pasteurellosis epizootic in free-ranging bighorn sheep (ovis canadensis) wherein a pasteurellaceae strain carried by syntopic cattle (bos taurus) under severe winter conditions appeared to contribute to pneumonia in affected bighorns. twenty-one moribund or dead bighorn sheep were found on the "fossil ridge" herd's winter range, colorado, usa, between 13 december 2007 and 29 february 2008. eight carcasses examined showed gross or microscopic evidence of acute to subacute fibrin ... | 2010 | 20966277 |
| determination of the duration of antibacterial efficacy following administration of gamithromycin using a bovine mannheimia haemolytica challenge model. | the antibacterial efficacy of gamithromycin administered once 1, 5, or 10 days prior to a challenge infection with mannheimia haemolytica serotype a1 was evaluated. forty calves were randomly allocated on day -11, restricted by body weight, to one of three treatment groups given gamithromycin at 6 mg/kg of body weight 10, 5, or 1 days before challenge or to an untreated control group. m. haemolytica a1 challenge infections were induced on day 0 by depositing 7.4 × 10(7) cfu at the bifurcation of ... | 2010 | 21078926 |
| bovine subclinical mastitis caused by mannheimia granulomatis. | mannheimia granulomatis was isolated for 10 months from the milk of a cow with elevated somatic cell counts. the infection was self-limiting. phenotypic and molecular characteristics of the isolate were determined. | 2010 | 21088192 |
| deadly pneumonia traced to domestic sheep. | | 2010 | 21090151 |
| pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic modelling of marbofloxacin administered alone and in combination with tolfenamic acid in calves. | sidhu, p. k., landoni, m. f., aliabadi, m. h. s., toutain, p. l., lees, p. pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic modelling of marbofloxacin administered alone and in combination with tolfenamic acid in calves. j. vet. pharmacol. therap. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2885.2010.01247.x. in a four-period, cross-over study, the fluoroquinolone antibacterial drug marbofloxacin (mb) was administered to calves, alone and in combination with the nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug tolfenamic acid (ta). both drugs w ... | 2010 | 21091727 |
| a genomic perspective on the potential of actinobacillus succinogenes for industrial succinate production. | succinate is produced petrochemically from maleic anhydride to satisfy a small specialty chemical market. if succinate could be produced fermentatively at a price competitive with that of maleic anhydride, though, it could replace maleic anhydride as the precursor of many bulk chemicals, transforming a multi-billion dollar petrochemical market into one based on renewable resources. actinobacillus succinogenes naturally converts sugars and co2 into high concentrations of succinic acid as part of ... | 2010 | 21118570 |
| genetic characterization and antimicrobial susceptibility of mannheimia haemolytica isolated from the nasopharynx of feedlot cattle. | a surveillance study was undertaken to examine the population dynamics and antimicrobial resistance of mannheimia haemolytica isolated from feedlot cattle. a total of 416 isolates were collected from the nasopharynx either upon entry or exit from two feedlots in southern alberta, canada. isolates were serotyped, characterized by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis and tested for susceptibility to ten antimicrobial agents via disk diffusion. resistant isolates were screened by pcr for select antimic ... | 2010 | 21146332 |
| rumen temperature change monitored with remote rumen temperature boluses after challenges with bovine viral diarrhea virus and mannheimia haemolytica. | remote rumen temperature monitoring is a potential method for early disease detection in beef cattle. this experiment was conducted to determine if remotely monitored rumen temperature boluses could detect a temperature change in steers exposed to bovine viral diarrhea virus (bvdv) and challenged with a common bovine respiratory disease pathogen, mannheimia haemolytica (mh). twenty-four angus crossbred steers (bw = 313 ± 31 kg) were allotted to 1 of 4 treatments: 1) no challenge (control); 2) ch ... | 2010 | 21169514 |
| metagenomic analysis of the uterine bacterial microbiota in healthy and metritic postpartum dairy cows. | at present, many bacterial species are validly known as etiological agents of dairy cattle metritis, yet the vast uncultured fraction has received no attention so far. the purpose of this study was to use culture-independent methods to describe and compare the uterine bacterial composition in healthy and metritic postpartum holstein dairy cows. both group-specific 16s ribosomal dna pcr-denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (dgge) and clone library sequencing of broad-range 16s ribosomal dna pc ... | 2011 | 21183039 |
| the effect of protectants and ph changes on the cellular growth and succinic acid yield of mannheimia succiniciproducens lpk7. | the harmful effects of succinic acid and oxidative stress on cell growth were determined during batch fermentation with mannheimia succiniciproducens lpk7, a powerful succinic acid-producing strain, and conditions were optimized to minimize these effects. in terms of toxicity, the cell concentration decreased as the concentration of succinic acid increased. by changing the ph from 6.5 to 7 during fermentation, the cell concentration increased by about 10%, and the level of succinic acid producti ... | 2010 | 21193823 |
| mannheimia haemolytica leukotoxin binds cyclophilin d on bovine neutrophil mitochondria. | mannheimia haemolytica is an important member of the bovine respiratory disease (brd) complex that causes fibrinous and necrotizing pleuropneumonia in cattle. brd is characterized by abundant neutrophil infiltration into the alveoli and fibrin deposition. the most important virulence factor of m. haemolytica is its leukotoxin. previous research in our laboratory has shown that the leukotoxin is able to enter into and traffic to the mitochondria of a bovine lymphoblastoid cell line (bl-3). in thi ... | 2011 | 21220005 |
| domestic sheep (ovis aries) pasteurellaceae isolates from diagnostic submissions to the caine veterinary teaching center (1990-2004). | a retrospective study of pasteurellaceae isolated from domestic sheep (ovis aries) was conducted. the aim was to identify pasteurellaceae present in animals that were clinically healthy and others with evidence of respiratory disease. the bacteria had been isolated from samples submitted to the university of idaho caine veterinary teaching center as part of disease diagnostic testing. the 844 isolates identified mainly three species of pasteurellaceae: mannheimia haemolytica, pasteurella multoci ... | 2011 | 21345625 |
| a novel erm monomethyltransferase in antibiotic-resistant isolates of mannheimia haemolytica and pasteurella multocida. | mannheimia haemolytica and pasteurella multocida are aetiological agents commonly associated with respiratory tract infections in cattle. recent isolates of these pathogens have been shown to be resistant to macrolides and other ribosome-targeting antibiotics. direct analysis of the 23s rrnas by mass spectrometry revealed that nucleotide a2058 is monomethylated, consistent with a type i erm phenotype conferring macrolide-lincosamide resistance. the erm resistance determinant was identified by fu ... | 2011 | 21371136 |
| crystal structure and immunogenicity of the class c acid phosphatase from pasteurella multocida. | pasteurella multocida is a pathogen of veterinary and medical importance. here, we report the 1.85å resolution crystal structure of the class c acid phosphatase from this organism (denoted rpmccap). the structure shows that rpmccap exhibits the same haloacid dehalogenase fold and dimeric assembly as the class c enzyme from haemophilus influenzae. formation of the dimer in solution is demonstrated using analytical ultracentrifugation. the active site is devoid of a magnesium ion due to the presen ... | 2011 | 21371420 |
| co-expression of ovine lps receptor cd14 with mannheimia haemolytica leukotoxin receptor lfa-1 or mac-1 does not enhance leukotoxin-induced cytotoxicity. | leukotoxin (lkt) and lps are the major virulence determinants of mannheimia haemolytica that contribute to the pathogenesis of bovine and ovine pneumonic pasteurellosis. we have previously identified bovine and ovine cd18 as the functional receptor for lkt. lps complexes with lkt resulting in increased thermal stability and enhanced cytotoxic activity of lkt. cellular recognition of lps involves several different molecules including cd14. we hypothesized that expression of ovine cd14 together wi ... | 2011 | 21420740 |
| demonstration of the metaphylactic use of gamithromycin against bacterial pathogens associated with bovine respiratory disease in a multicentre farm trial. | on five commercial cattle rearing sites across europe, a total of 802 young cattle at high risk of developing bovine respiratory disease (brd) associated with the bacterial pathogens mannheimia haemolytica or pasteurella multocida and/or mycoplasma bovis were enrolled into a multicentre, controlled field trial. half were treated with a single dose of gamithromycin at 6 mg/kg bodyweight by subcutaneous injection and half received an injection of a saline placebo as the control. all animals were o ... | 2011 | 21493573 |
| bacterial ghosts as antigen and drug delivery system for ocular surface diseases: effective internalization of bacterial ghosts by human conjunctival epithelial cells. | the purpose of the presented investigation was to examine the efficiency of the novel carrier system bacterial ghosts (bgs), which are empty bacterial cell envelopes of gram-negative bacteria to target human conjunctival epithelial cells, as well as to test the endocytic capacity of conjunctival cells after co-incubation with bgs generated from different bacterial species, and to foreclose potential cytotoxic effects caused by bgs. the efficiency of conjunctival cells to internalize bgs was inve ... | 2011 | 21501636 |
| the role of mannheimia species in ovine mastitis. | mannheimia haemolytica is known to be an important cause of intramammary infection in sheep. it usually causes severe clinical mastitis, followed by toxaemia and gangrenous necrosis of the udder. however there are limited data available on the epidemiology and pathogenesis of mastitis associated with mannheimia species. these organisms can be more significant as a cause of mastitis than staphylococcus aureus in some flocks. some data suggest the possibility of horizontal transmission of mannheim ... | 2011 | 21511411 |
| sequence analysis of serotype-specific synthesis regions ii of haemophilus influenzae serotypes c and d: evidence for common ancestry of capsule synthesis in pasteurellaceae and neisseria meningitidis. | sequencing of yet unknown haemophilus influenzae serotype c (hic) and d (hid) capsule synthesis regions ii revealed four (ccs1-4) and five (dcs1-5) open reading frames, respectively. the inferred gene functions were in line with capsular polysaccharide structures. one or more proteins encoded by the hic capsule synthesis region ii showed similarity to actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae serotype 1 and actinobacillus suis k1 enzymes. orthologues to the complete operon were observed in actinobacillus ... | 2011 | 21513796 |
| structural analyses of the core oligosaccharide from the lipopolysaccharide of bovine and ovine strains of mannheimia haemolytica serotype 2. | previous structural studies in our laboratory on lipopolysaccharide derived core oligosaccharide had identified a conserved inner core structure in several strains of the veterinary pathogens mannheimia haemolytica, actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae and pasteurella multocida. in this study we describe the elucidation of the core oligosaccharide structure of two strains from m. haemolytica serotype 2. structural information was established by a combination of monosaccharide and methylation analyses ... | 2011 | 21601179 |
| genomic characterization of haemophilus parasuis sh0165, a highly virulent strain of serovar 5 prevalent in china. | haemophilus parasuis can be either a commensal bacterium of the porcine respiratory tract or an opportunistic pathogen causing glässer's disease, a severe systemic disease that has led to significant economical losses in the pig industry worldwide. we determined the complete genomic sequence of h. parasuis sh0165, a highly virulent strain of serovar 5, which was isolated from a hog pen in north china. the single circular chromosome was 2,269,156 base pairs in length and contained 2,031 protein-c ... | 2011 | 21611187 |
| comparison of passively transferred antibodies in bighorn and domestic lambs reveals one factor in differential susceptibility of these species to mannheimia haemolytica-induced pneumonia. | mannheimia haemolytica consistently causes fatal bronchopneumonia in bighorn sheep (bhs, ovis canadensis) under natural and experimental conditions. leukotoxin is the primary virulence factor of this organism. bhs are more susceptible to developing fatal pneumonia in comparison to the related species domestic sheep (ds, ovis aries). in bhs herds affected by pneumonia, lamb recruitment is severely impaired for years subsequent to an outbreak. we hypothesized that a lack of maternally derived anti ... | 2011 | 21613459 |
| evaluation of protein expression in bovine bronchoalveolar fluid following challenge with mannheimia haemolytica. | proteomics analysis of bovine bronchoalveolar fluid (baf) following induction of pneumonia with mannheimia haemolytica using nanoflow liquid chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometry (nanolc-ms/ms) resulted in the identification of 88 unique proteins. proteins detected in baf included antimicrobial peptides (amps), complement factors, acute phase proteins, protease inhibitors, and proteins involved in oxidation-reduction. notwithstanding biological variation, differences in relative p ... | 2011 | 21800424 |