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halophilic characterization of starch-binding domain from kocuria varians α-amylase.the tandem starch-binding domains (kvsbd) located at carboxy-terminal region of halophilic α-amylase from moderate halophile, kocuria varians, were expressed in e. coli with amino-terminal hexa-his-tag and purified to homogeneity. the recombinant kvsbd showed binding activity to raw starch granules at low to high salt concentrations. the binding activity of kvsbd to starch was fully reversible after heat-treatment at 85°c. circular dichroism and thermal scanning experiments indicated that kvsbd ...201222020156
identification of bacterial microflora in the midgut of the larvae and adult of wild caught anopheles stephensi: a step toward finding suitable paratransgenesis candidates.to describe the midgut microbial diversity and to find the candidate bacteria for the genetic manipulation for the generation of paratransgenic anopheline mosquitoes refractory to transmission of malaria, the microbiota of wild larvae and adult anopheles stephensi mosquito midgut from southern iran was studied using a conventional cell-free culture technique and analysis of a 16s ribosomal rna (rrna) gene sequence library. forty species in 12 genera including seven gram-negative myroides, chryse ...201222074685
metabolism of nitrate in fermented meats: the characteristic feature of a specific group of fermented foods.within the universe of food fermentation processes the multi-purpose use of nitrate and/or nitrite is a unique characteristic of meat fermentations. these curing agents play a decisive role in obtaining the specific sensory properties, stability and hygienic safety of products such as fermented sausages, ham and, more recently, emulsion type of sausages. the use of nitrate is the traditional method in curing processes and requires its reduction to reactive nitrite. thus, nitrate reduction is the ...201222202868
gut-associated bacteria throughout the life cycle of the bark beetle dendroctonus rhizophagus thomas and bright (curculionidae: scolytinae) and their cellulolytic activities.dendroctonus rhizophagus thomas and bright (curculionidae: scolytinae) is an endemic economically important insect of the sierra madre occidental in mexico. this bark beetle has an atypical behavior within the genus because just one beetle couple colonizes and kills seedlings and young trees of 11 pine species. in this work, the bacteria associated with the dendroctonus rhizophagus gut were analyzed by culture-dependent and culture-independent methods. analysis of 16s rrna sequences amplified di ...201222234511
isolation of biosurfactant producers, optimization and properties of biosurfactant produced by acinetobacter sp. from petroleum contaminated soil.aims:  to screen and identify biosurfactant producers from petroleum contaminated soil; to use response surface methodology (rsm) for medium optimization to enhance biosurfactant production; to study the properties of the newly obtained biosurfactant toward ph, temperature and salinity. methods and results:  we successfully isolated three biosurfactant producers from petroleum contaminated soil and identified them through 16s rrna sequence analysis, which exhibit the highest similarities to acin ...201222268814
central venous catheter-related bacteremia caused by kocuria kristinae: case report and review of the literature.kocuria species are unusual human pathogens isolated most commonly from immunocompromised hosts, such as transplant recipients and cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy, or from patients with chronic medical conditions. a case of catheter-related bacteremia with pulmonary septic emboli in a pregnant adult female without chronic medical conditions is described. a review of other reported kocuria infections is provided.201121864336
Arsenic accumulating and transforming bacteria isolated from contaminated soil for potential use in bioremediation.Arsenic (As) is a metalloid and considered harmful due to its toxic and carcinogenic effects. Removal of arsenic is of great importance for human welfare. The main objective of this study was to isolate arsenic-resistant bacteria that are capable of removing arsenic from the environment. Soil samples were collected from an arsenic-affected area of West Bengal, India and 10 different bacterial strains were isolated. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values of the isolates varied widely i ...201122175878
an unusual organism for capd-related peritonitis: kocuria kristinae. 201121282396
detection, selective isolation and characterisation of dactylosporangium strains from diverse environmental samples.a culture-independent, nested pcr procedure based on genus-specific oligonucleotide primers detected the presence of members of the genus dactylosporangium in 14 out of 21 diverse environmental samples. clones generated from the 14 positive environmental samples formed distinct phyletic lines in the dactylosporangial 16s rrna gene tree. presumptive dactylosporangiae were isolated from 7 of these samples using a medium designed to be selective for members of the genus dactylosporangium, namely st ...201121596505
draft genome sequence of kocuria rhizophila p7-4.we report the draft genome sequence of kocuria rhizophila p7-4, which was isolated from the intestine of siganus doliatus caught in the pacific ocean. the 2.83-mb genome sequence consists of 75 large contigs (>100 bp in size) and contains 2,462 predicted protein-coding genes.201121685281
catheter-related bacteraemia and infective endocarditis caused by kocuria species.we describe five patients with positive blood culture for kocuria species. three patients had catheter-related bacteraemia and one had infective endocarditis caused by kocuria kristinae, and one had a k. marina isolate, which was considered to be a contaminant. identification of the isolates was further confirmed by 16s rrna gene sequence analysis. in conclusion, kocuria species are an unusual cause of infection in immunocompromised patients. accurate identification with molecular methods is imp ...201120218989
kocuria salsicia sp. nov., isolated from salt-fermented seafood.strain 104(t) was isolated from a traditional salt-fermented seafood in korea. it was a gram-positive, non-motile, coccus-shaped bacterium. it formed lemon-yellow, opaque colonies that were circular with entire margins. optimal growth occurred at 30-37 °c, ph 7-8 and in the presence of 0-2 % (w/v) nacl. phylogenetic analysis of 16s rrna gene sequences from strain 104(t) and reference species of the genus kocuria indicated that strain 104(t) formed an independent line. the g+c content of the chro ...201120228215
isolation and identification of soil bacteria growing at the expense of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi.soil-microorganism symbioses are of fundamental importance for plant adaptation to the environment. research in microbial ecology has revealed that some soil bacteria are associated with arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (amf). however, these interactions may be much more complex than originally thought. to assess the type of bacteria associated with amf, we initially isolated spores of glomus irregulare from an agrostis stolonifera rhizosphere. the spores were washed with sterile water and plated on ...201121219415
kocuria kristinae: an unusual cause of acute peritoneal dialysis-related infection. 201121282394
genetic diversity and phylogeny of antagonistic bacteria against phytophthora nicotianae isolated from tobacco rhizosphere.the genetic diversity of antagonistic bacteria from the tobacco rhizosphere was examined by boxair-pcr, 16s-rflp, 16s rrna sequence homology and phylogenetic analysis methods. these studies revealed that 4.01% of the 6652 tested had some inhibitory activity against phytophthora nicotianae. boxair-pcr analysis revealed 35 distinct amplimers aligning at a 91% similarity level, reflecting a high degree of genotypic diversity among the antagonistic bacteria. a total of 25 16s-rflp patterns were iden ...201121686169
kocuria sediminis sp. nov., isolated from a marine sediment sample.a gram-positive, pinkish-orange pigmented, coccoid strain, fcs-11(t) was isolated from a marine sediment sample taken from kochi fort area, kerala, india and subjected to polyphasic taxonomic study. the 16s rrna gene sequence of the strain was determined and the results of 16s rrna gene sequence analysis showed that the strain fcs-11(t) should be assigned to the genus kocuria. the chemotaxonomic data supported this taxonomic placement i.e. menaquinones mk-7(h(2)), mk-8(h(2)) and mk-9(h(2)); majo ...201122012251
black tongue associated with kocuria (micrococcus) kristinae bacteremia in a 4-month-old infant. 201121935583
Two-phase olive mill waste composting: community dynamics and functional role of the resident microbiota.In this study, physico-chemical modifications and community dynamics and functional role of the resident microbiota during composting of humid husk from a two-phase extraction system (TPOMW) were investigated. High mineralization and humification of carbon, low loss of nitrogen and complete degradation of polyphenols led to the waste biotransformation into a high-quality compost. Viable cell counts and denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE) profiling of the 16S rRNA genes showed that the ...201121996482
degradation of pentachlorophenol by kocuria sp. cl2 isolated from secondary sludge of pulp and paper mill.a pentachlorophenol (pcp) degrading bacterium was isolated and characterized from sludge of pulp and paper mill. this isolate used pcp as its sole source of carbon and energy and was capable of degrading this compound, as indicated by stoichiometric release of chloride and biomass formation. based on morphology, biochemical tests, and 16s rrna gene sequence analysis this strain was identified as kocuria sp. cl2. high performance liquid chromatography (hplc) analysis revealed that this strain was ...201120532592
description of a novel actinobacterium kocuria assamensis sp. nov., isolated from a water sample collected from the river brahmaputra, assam, india.a gram-positive, pale yellow pigmented actinobacterium, strain s9-65(t) was isolated from a water sample collected from the river brahmaputra, assam, india and subjected to a polyphasic taxonomic study. the physiological and biochemical properties, major fatty acids (anteiso-c15:0 and anteiso-c17:0), estimated dna g+c content (69.2 mol %) and 16s rrna gene sequence analysis showed that strain s9-65(t) belonged to the genus kocuria. strain s9-65(t) exhibited highest 16s rrna gene sequence similar ...201121234681
the microbiota of an unpolluted calcareous soil faces up chlorophenols: evidences of resistant strains with potential for bioremediation.to highlight the effects of a variety of chlorophenols (cp) in relation to the response of an indigenous bacterial community, an agricultural mediterranean calcareous soil has been studied in microcosms incubated under controlled laboratory conditions. soil samples were artificially polluted with 2-monochlorophenol (mcp), 2,4,6-trichlorophenol (tcp) and pentachlorophenol (pcp), at concentrations ranging from 0.1 up to 5000 mg kg(-1). both activity and composition of the microbial community were ...201121295817
kocuria atrinae sp. nov., isolated from traditional korean fermented seafood.a novel actinobacterium, strain p30(t), was isolated from jeotgal, a traditional korean fermented seafood. cells were aerobic, gram-positive, non-motile and coccoid. optimal growth occurred at 30-37 degrees c, at ph 8-9 and in the presence of 0-2 % (w/v) nacl. based on 16s rrna gene sequence analysis, strain p30(t) was phylogenetically closely related to kocuria carniphila, kocuria gwangalliensis, kocuria rhizophila, kocuria marina, kocuria rosea and k. varians with levels of similarity of 98.6, ...201019661502
the eye fly siphunculina funicola (diptera: chloropidae) as a carrier of pathogenic bacteria in thailand.the oriental eye fly siphunculina funicola (1.0-1.6 mm) is extremely annoying to humans and domestic animals, feeding on mucous membranes, secretions, wounds, eyes, and other moist surfaces of the host body. in many rural areas of thailand heavy populations of this fly prevail where they aggregate on a variety of hanging substrates, such as strings, nest trailings, electrical lines, decorations, ropes, cob webs, clothes hangers, automobile radio antennae and other items in open shade close to th ...201020578483
study on the removal of indoor vocs using biotechnology.with the improvement of living standard and civil building innovation, large numbers of building materials and decoration are being used. the emission of gaseous organic pollutants such as formaldehyde, benzene, toluene and xylene from these materials may trigger immediate or persistent potential harm to human health. in this study, with the combination of bake-out exhaust, biological treatment was applied to deal with volatile organic compounds (vocs). four bacterial strains were isolated from ...201020598440
salt-dependent thermo-reversible α-amylase: cloning and characterization of halophilic α-amylase from moderately halophilic bacterium, kocuria varians.a moderately halophilic bacterium, kocuria varians, was found to produce active α-amylase (k. varians α-amylase (kva)). we have observed at least six different forms of α-amylase secreted by this bacterium into the culture medium. characterization of these kva forms and cloning of the corresponding gene revealed that kva comprises pre-pro-precursor form of α-amylase catalytic domain followed by the tandem repeats, which show high similarity to each other and to the starch binding domain (sbd) of ...201020871989
interactions between lactobacillus sakei and cnc (staphylococcus xylosus and kocuria varians) and their influence on proteolytic activity.to evaluate interactions between lactobacillus sakei and coagulase negative cocci (cnc) (staphylococcus xylosus and kocuria varians) and to investigate the influence of these interactions on their own proteolytic activity.201020875035
kocuria sm1 controls vibriosis in rainbow trout (oncorhynchus mykiss, walbaum).to develop probiotics for the control of vibriosis caused by vibrio anguillarum and vibrio ordalii in finfish.201019929950
kocuria koreensis sp. nov., isolated from fermented seafood.a gram-positive, aerobic, non-motile and coccoid actinobacterium, designated p31(t), was isolated from a traditional, fermented seafood. the strain was catalase-positive and oxidase-negative. cells grew in the presence of 0-15.0 % (w/v) nacl, and at ph 5-10 and 15-37 degrees c. major cellular fatty acids were anteiso-c(15 : 0), anteiso-c(17 : 0) and iso-c(16 : 0). strain p31(t) contained mk-7 as the predominant menaquinone. the dna g+c content of the genomic dna of strain p31(t) was 65.2 mol%. a ...201019648328
genome sequence of the fleming strain of micrococcus luteus, a simple free-living actinobacterium.micrococcus luteus (nctc2665, "fleming strain") has one of the smallest genomes of free-living actinobacteria sequenced to date, comprising a single circular chromosome of 2,501,097 bp (g+c content, 73%) predicted to encode 2,403 proteins. the genome shows extensive synteny with that of the closely related organism, kocuria rhizophila, from which it was taxonomically separated relatively recently. despite its small size, the genome harbors 73 insertion sequence (is) elements, almost all of which ...201019948807
decolorization and detoxification of sulfonated azo dye methyl orange by kocuria rosea mtcc 1532.kocuria rosea (mtcc 1532) showed 100% decolorization of methyl orange (50 mg l(-1)) under static condition. the optimum ph and temperature for dye decolorization was 6.8 and 30 degrees c, respectively. the k. rosea (mtcc 1532) showed maximum decolorization of methyl orange when growth medium containing yeast extract as compared to other substrates. the culture exhibited significant ability to decolorize repeated additions of dye, with reduction in time up to 12 h at eighth dye aliquot addition. ...201019969416
effects of bovine milk lactoperoxidase system on some bacteria.bovine lactoperoxidase (lpo) was purified from skimmed milk using amberlite cg-50-h+ resin, cm sephadex c-50 ion-exchange chromatography, and sephadex g-100 gel filtration chromatography. lactoperoxidase was purified 20.45-fold with a yield of 28.8%. purity of enzyme checked by sodium dodecyl sulphate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis method and a single band was observed. km was 0.25 mm at 20 degrees c, vmax value was 7.95 micromol/ml min at 20 degrees c (ph 6.0). antibacterial study was done ...201020198919
kocuria varians infection associated with brain abscess: a case report.kocuria, established by stackebrandt et al., previously was classified into micrococcus. only two species, k. rosea and k. kristinae are reported to be associated as pathogenic and found with catheter-related bacteremia and acute cholecystitis.201020423506
antimicrobial efficiency of titanium dioxide-coated surfaces.development and evaluation of an antimicrobially active titanium dioxide coating.201019886892
genes involved in long-chain alkene biosynthesis in micrococcus luteus.aliphatic hydrocarbons are highly appealing targets for advanced cellulosic biofuels, as they are already predominant components of petroleum-based gasoline and diesel fuels. we have studied alkene biosynthesis in micrococcus luteus atcc 4698, a close relative of sarcina lutea (now kocuria rhizophila), which 4 decades ago was reported to biosynthesize iso- and anteiso-branched, long-chain alkenes. the underlying biochemistry and genetics of alkene biosynthesis were not elucidated in those studie ...201020038703
isolation and characterization of bacteria resistant to metallic copper surfaces.metallic copper alloys have recently attracted attention as a new antimicrobial weapon for areas where surface hygiene is paramount. currently it is not understood on a molecular level how metallic copper kills microbes, but previous studies have demonstrated that a wide variety of bacteria, including escherichia coli, staphylococcus aureus, and clostridium difficile, are inactivated within minutes or a few hours of exposure. in this study, we show that bacteria isolated from copper alloy coins ...201020048058
subcellular components of probiotics kocuria sm1 and rhodococcus sm2 induce protective immunity in rainbow trout (oncorhynchus mykiss, walbaum) against vibrio anguillarum.the efficacy of cellular components of probiotics kocuria sm1 and rhodococcus sm2 to protect rainbow trout (oncorhynchus mykiss, walbaum) against vibriosis was assessed. groups of fish (average weight = 10-15 g) were immunized intraperitoneally (i.p.) with 0.1 ml of subcellular materials, i.e., 0.2 ± 0.05 mg protein per fish, comprising extracellular proteins (ecps), cell wall proteins (cwps) and whole cell proteins (wcps) of sm1 and sm2, respectively, or with 0.1 ml of phosphate-buffered saline ...201021078398
comparative bioremediation potential of four rhizospheric microbial species against lindane.four microbial species (kocuria rhizophila, microbacterium resistens, staphylococcus equorum and staphylococcus cohnii subspecies urealyticus) were isolated from the rhizospheric zone of selected plants growing in a lindane contaminated environment and acclimatized in lindane spiked media (5-100 μg ml⁻¹). the isolated species were inoculated with soil containing 5, 50 and 100 mg kg⁻¹ of lindane and incubated at room temperature. soil samples were collected periodically to evaluate the microbial ...201021044795
drug sensitivity and clinical impact of members of the genus kocuria.organisms in the genus kocuria are gram-positive, coagulase-negative, coccoid actinobacteria belonging to the family micrococcaceae, suborder micrococcineae, order actinomycetales. sporadic reports in the literature have dealt with infections by kocuria species, mostly in compromised hosts with serious underlying conditions. nonetheless, the number of infectious processes caused by such bacteria may be higher than currently believed, given that misidentification by phenotypic assays has presumab ...201020884772
inhibitory effects of lactic acid and lauricidin on spoilage organisms of chicken breast during storage at chilled temperature.different concentrations of lauricidin (lu, containing 1% lactic acid) and lactic acid alone (la) were evaluated for their effectiveness in reducing naturally occurring microflora of raw chicken breasts. chicken breasts were dipped in 0 (control), 0.5, 1.0, 1.5, and 2.0% solutions of lu (w/v) or la (v/v) for 10, 20, and 30 min and stored at 4°c for 14 d. total plate counts (tpc) and populations of pseudomonas spp. and enterobacteriaceae were determined before and after dipping and after storing ...201020947197
development of protection in rainbow trout (oncorhynchus mykiss, walbaum) to vibrio anguillarum following use of the probiotic kocuria sm1.probiotic kocuria sm1, which was part of the allochthonous gut microbiota of rainbow trout, was administered to rainbow trout (oncorhynchus mykiss) fingerlings as dietary supplement at approximately 10(8) cells g(-1) for two weeks. the fish were challenged with vibrio anguillarum and innate immunity determined over the following 5 weeks. the probiotic-fed fish survived (mortalities = 10-28%; p < 0.05) better than the controls (mortalities = 73-92%) for 5 weeks after stopping administration of ko ...201020371293
analysis of the cultivable bacterial community in jeotgal, a korean salted and fermented seafood, and identification of its dominant bacteria.jeotgal or jeot, a traditional korean salted and fermented food, is made by adding 20-30% (w/w) salt to various types of seafood. to develop a more complete overview of the bacterial community present in jeotgal, 610 pure colonies were isolated from myeolchi-jeot and saeu-jeot, the most commonly consumed varieties of jeotgal, which are made with anchovy (engraulis japonicas) and tiny shrimp (acetes japonicas), respectively. the bacterial isolates were identified by 16s rdna sequence analysis. a ...201021056781
metabolism of azo dyes by human skin microbiota.reduction of methyl red (mr) and orange ii (or ii) by 26 human skin bacterial species was monitored by a rapid spectrophotometric assay. the analysis indicated that skin bacteria, representing the genera staphylococcus, corynebacterium, micrococcus, dermacoccus and kocuria, were able to reduce mr by 74-100 % in 24 h, with only three species unable to reduce completely the dye in that time. among the species tested, only corynebacterium xerosis was unable to reduce or ii to any degree by 24 h, an ...201019729456
identities of epilithic hydrocarbon-utilizing diazotrophic bacteria from the arabian gulf coasts, and their potential for oil bioremediation without nitrogen supplementation.gravel particles from four sites along the arabian gulf coast in autumn, winter, and spring were naturally colonized with microbial consortia containing between 7 and 400 × 10(2) cm(-2) of cultivable oil-utilizing bacteria. the 16s rrna gene sequences of 70 representatives of oil-utilizing bacteria revealed that they were predominantly affiliated with the gammaproteobacteria and the actinobacteria. the gammaproteobacteria comprised among others, the genera pseudomonas, pseudoalteromonas, shewane ...201020567813
leaf-associated bacteria from transgenic white poplar producing resveratrol-like compounds: isolation, molecular characterization, and evaluation of oxidative stress tolerance.the aim of this study was the isolation and characterization of the culturable bacteria inhabiting the leaves of transgenic white poplars (populus alba l. 'villafranca') engineered with the stsy gene for the production of resveratrol-like compounds. resveratrol glucosides are available in small amounts from natural sources or by expensive chemical synthesis procedures. an alternative approach for the large-scale production of these relevant pharmaceuticals is the use of transgenic plants as bior ...200919767855
two cases of peritonitis caused by kocuria marina in patients undergoing continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis.kocuria spp. are members of the micrococcaceae family that are frequently found in the environment and on human skin. few human infections have been reported. we describe what appear to be the first two cases of kocuria marina peritonitis in patients undergoing continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis.200919692561
novel alkali-stable, cellulase-free xylanase from deep-sea kocuria sp. mn22.a novel xylanase gene, kxyn, was cloned from kocuria sp. mn22, a bacteria isolated from the deep sea of the east pacific. kxyn consists of 1,170 bp and encodes a protein of 390 amino acids that shows the highest identity (63%) with a xylanase from thermobifida fusca yx. the mature protein with a molecular mass of approximately 40 kda was expressed in escherichia coli bl21 (de3). the recombinant kxyn displayed its maximum activity at 55 degrees and at ph 8.5. the km, vmax, and kcat values of kxyn ...200919809242
molecular diversity analysis and bacterial population dynamics of an adapted seawater microbiota during the degradation of tunisian zarzatine oil.the indigenous microbiota of polluted coastal seawater in tunisia was enriched by increasing the concentration of zarzatine crude oil. the resulting adapted microbiota was incubated with zarzatine crude oil as the only carbon and energy source. crude oil biodegradation capacity and bacterial population dynamics of the microbiota were evaluated every week for 28 days (day 7, day 14, day 21, and day 28). results show that the percentage of petroleum degradation was 23.9, 32.1, 65.3, and 77.8%, res ...200919052881
evaluation of a microbiological multi-residue system on the detection of antibacterial substances in ewe milk.to protect both, public health and the dairy industry, from the presence of antibiotic residues in milk, control programmes have been established, which include the needed screening tests. this work focuses on the application of a microbiological multi-residue system in ewe milk, a method based on the use of six different plates, each seeded with one of the following bacteria: geobacillus stearothermophilus var. calidolactis (beta-lactams), bacillus subtilis at ph 8.0 (aminoglycosides), kocuria ...200919100896
in vitro evaluation of antibacterial, anticollagenase, and antioxidant activities of hop components (humulus lupulus) addressing acne vulgaris.seven naturally derived components from hop plant (humulus lupulus l.) extracts were tested for evaluation of biological activities affecting acne vulgaris. five strains, propionibacterium acnes, staphylococcus epidermidis, staphylococcus aureus, kocuria rhizophila and, staphylococcus pyogenes, were selected as the main acne-causing bacteria. hop extracts xanthohumol and the lupulones showed strong inhibitory activities against all of the strains. although hydrogenated derivatives did not show t ...200919201179
isolation of bacterial strains from bovine fecal microflora capable of degradation of ceftiofur.ceftiofur, a third-generation cephalosporin used to treat bacterial infections in animals, is degraded in bovine feces but the specific bacteria involved are unknown. to find the bacteria involved in ceftiofur metabolism, the bovine fecal microflora was screened. twenty-one nonidentical strains of bovine fecal bacteria were isolated on media containing 1-32 microg ml(-1) of ceftiofur. the cultures were incubated with 5 microg ml(-1) ceftiofur for different times, then centrifuged and analyzed by ...200919428193
16s rrna gene-based identification of cultured bacterial flora from host-seeking ixodes ricinus, dermacentor reticulatus and haemaphysalis concinna ticks, vectors of vertebrate pathogens.a total of 151 bacterial isolates were recovered from different developmental stages (larvae, nymphs and adults) of field-collected ticks (67 strains from ixodes ricinus, 38 from dermacentor reticulatus, 46 from haemaphysalis concinna). microorganisms were identified by means of 16s rrna gene sequencing. almost 87 % of the strains belonged to g(+) bacteria with predominantly occurring genera bacillus and paenibacillus. other g(+) strains included arthrobacter, corynebacterium, frigoribacterium, ...200919937215
comparative analysis of micrococcus luteus isolates from blood cultures of patients with pulmonary hypertension receiving epoprostenol continuous infusion.during the period 2002-2008, at the national cardiovascular center, osaka, 28 micrococcus luteus isolates and one kocuria spp. isolate were obtained from blood cultures of pulmonary hypertension (ph) patients who were receiving continuous infusion therapy with epoprostenol. pulsed-field gel electrophoresis patterns of the isolates were unrelated, suggesting that the infections had multiple origins. the preparation of epoprostenol solution by patients themselves was thought to be a risk factor.200920012737
antibacterial activity of root canal filling materials for primary teeth: zinc oxide and eugenol cement, calen paste thickened with zinc oxide, sealapex and endorez.this study evaluated in vitro the antibacterial activity of 4 root canal filling materials for primary teeth - zinc oxide and eugenol cement (zoe), calen paste thickened with zinc oxide (calen/zo), sealapex sealer and endorez sealer - against 5 bacterial strains commonly found in endodontic infections (kocuria rhizophila, enterococcus faecalis, streptococcus mutans, escherichia coli and staphylococcus aureus) using the agar diffusion test (agar-well technique). calen paste, 1% chlorhexidine digl ...200920069251
a polyphasic study on the species diversity of the sediment microbiota of lake hévíz.lake hévíz is the largest natural thermal lake of europe, harboring special bacterial communities. the aim of the present study was to gain information about the distribution and species diversity of the sediment microbiota, with special focus on actinobacteria, by using cultivation-based and -independent molecular methods. samples from two depths were taken in two different locations in october 2007. 245 strains were isolated, grouped to 85 otus by ardra, and identified by 16s rdna sequencing. ...200920038486
bacterial contamination of automotive fuels in a tropical region: the case of costa rica.microbial contamination of fuel has been the cause of several problems in transportation and storage of these products. due to the lack of previous studies related to these problems in costa rica, bacterial quality was evaluated biannually in automotive fuels stored in the four oil distribution facilities of the costa rican petroleum refinery (recope). in 12 oil storage tanks, for a total of 96 samples, mesophilic, heterotrophic aerobic/facultative counts (astm d6974-04) and identification of ba ...200919928449
antibiotic resistance in lactic acid bacteria and micrococcaceae/staphylococcaceae isolates from artisanal raw milk cheeses, and potential implications on cheese making.antibiotic susceptibility against 19 antimicrobial agents was evaluated in isolates of the genera lactococcus (46 isolates), leuconostoc (22), lactobacillus (19), staphylococcus (8), enterococcus (7), and microccoccus/kocuria (5) obtained from the predominant microflora of nonrecent and recent types of artisanal raw cow's milk cheeses. beta-lactams showed broad activity against all genera, although leuconostocs and lactobacilli were highly resistant to oxacillin (80% to 95.5%). resistance to ami ...200919723213
[genetic diversity of cultivable bacteria of dominant plants in a potassium mine tailing of nanjing].plant rhizosphere bacteria play an important role in biogeochemical cycles. microbial diversity of cultivable bacteria from soil-plant-mineral system in a mine tailing was assessed.200919873749
simultaneous species identification and detection of rifampicin resistance in staphylococci by sequencing of the rpob gene.in recent years, coagulase-negative staphylococci (cons) have been increasingly recognised as causative agents of various infections, especially in immunocompromised patients and related to implanted foreign body materials. in this study, rpob sequencing was used for simultaneous species identification and detection of rifampicin resistance in clinical staphylococci isolates. forty-nine (96%) out of 51 isolates, representing 17 different staphylococcus species according to the initial phenotypic ...200918716806
[peritonitis due to kocuria rosea in a continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis case].micrococcus strains which are the normal flora members of skin, mucosa and oropharynx, may lead to infections associated with intravenous catheter, chronic ambulatory peritoneal dialysis, venticular shunt and prosthetic valve. in this paper, a case of peritonitis due to kocuria rosea of micrococcea family, in a patient undergoing continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (capd), was presented. fiftysix years old female patient was admitted to the hospital by complaints of abdominal pain, nausea ...200919621623
endophytic bacteria associated with growing shoot tips of banana (musa sp.) cv. grand naine and the affinity of endophytes to the host.a cultivation-based assessment of endophytic bacteria present in deep-seated shoot tips of banana suckers was made with a view to generate information on the associated organisms, potential endophytic contaminants in tissue-cultured bananas and to assess if the endophytes shared a beneficial relationship with the host. plating the tissue homogenate from the central core of suckers showed colony growth on nutrient agar from just 75% and 42% of the 12 stocks during may and november, respectively ( ...200919633807
rice seeds as sources of endophytic bacteria.endophytic bacteria are considered to originate from the external environment. to examine the hypothesis that rice (oryza sativa, cultivar kinuhikari) seeds are a source of endophytic bacteria, we isolated endophytic bacteria from the shoots, remains of the seeds, and roots of rice seedlings that were aseptically cultivated in vitro from surface-disinfected seeds. of the various bacterial strains isolated, the closest relatives, identified by 16s rrna gene sequencing, were: bacillus firmus, b. f ...200921566368
kocuria gwangalliensis sp. nov., an actinobacterium isolated from seawater.a novel aerobic, non-motile, gram-positive, pink-orange-pigmented, coccoid marine bacterium, designated strain sj2(t), was isolated from the gwangalli coast of korea. the taxonomic position of strain sj2(t) was determined based on 16s rrna gene sequence analysis, fatty acid patterns and physiological reaction profiles. the full-length 16s rrna gene sequence of strain sj2(t) showed highest similarity to those of the type strains of kocuria carniphila and kocuria marina. strain sj2(t) exhibited me ...200919625424
catalase and superoxide dismutase double staining zymogram technique for deinococcus and kocuria species exposed to multiple stresses.superoxide dismutase (sod) and catalase expression is associated with oxidative stress. existing techniques for the individual staining of sod and catalase have been described in the past. the objective of this study was to achieve a simple and rapid technique for the double staining of bacterial sod and catalase on the same polyacrylamide gel. sod detection was carried out using nitro-blue tetrazolium (nbt) dye reduction followed by ferricyanide precipitation for negative staining of the catala ...200919810043
detection and hazard assessment of pathogenic microorganisms in medical wastes.this study was undertaken to investigate the types and concentrations of microbial agents in various medical wastes as well as to characterize their survivals in these wastes at different temperatures for microbial risk assessment. medical wastes collected from 5 major hospitals in south korea were classified and stored at three different temperatures (-20, 6, and 30 degrees c). presence of various microorganisms such as pathogenic viruses and bacteria were investigated by both cultivation and b ...200919827491
kocuria halotolerans sp. nov., an actinobacterium isolated from a saline soil in china.a gram-positive actinobacterium, designated strain yim 90716(t), was isolated from a saline soil sample collected from ganjiahu suosuo forest national nature reserve in xinjiang province, north-west china. the new isolate contained lysine, glutamic acid and alanine with peptidoglycan type lys-ala(3) (variation a3alpha). the major phospholipids were phosphatidylglycerol and diphosphatidylglycerol. the predominant menaqinone was mk-7(h(2)). the major fatty acids were anteiso-c(15 : 0), iso-c(16 : ...200919502308
influence of probiotic feeding duration on disease resistance and immune parameters in rainbow trout.the effect of feeding the probiotic kocuria sm1 to rainbow trout (oncorhynchus mykiss, walbaum) on disease resistance was evaluated. thus, rainbow trout were fed kocuria sm1 supplemented diets at concentrations of approximately 10(8) cells g(-1) feed for up to four weeks, and then challenged intraperitoneally with vibrio anguillarum at weekly intervals. a two-week feeding regime led to the maximum reduction in mortalities, i.e. 16%, compared to mortalities of 62, 30 and 22% for one, three and fo ...200919555765
staphylococcus pseudolugdunensis sp. nov., a pyrrolidonyl arylamidase/ornithine decarboxylase-positive bacterium isolated from blood cultures.twelve coagulase-negative staphylococcal isolates recovered from blood cultures with positive pyrrolidonyl arylamidase and ornithine decarboxylase reactions were identified as staphylococcus lugdunensis by the clinical microbiology laboratory. however, none of these 12 isolates were recognized by a s. lugdunensis translation elongation factor tu (tuf) gene-specific probe. under the api staph v4.0 identification system (biomérieux, durham, nc), 8 of these 12 isolates could not be identified with ...200818248933
kocuria flava sp. nov. and kocuria turfanensis sp. nov., airborne actinobacteria isolated from xinjiang, china.two coloured bacteria were isolated from the same plate for detecting cultivable bacteria from the air of xinjiang in china. phylogenetic analyses based on 16s rrna gene sequences revealed that the isolates were members of the genus kocuria, in which they represented two novel lineages. although the two strains presented high 16s rrna gene sequence similarity (above 97 %), their dna g+c contents were very different (6 mol%). the g+c contents of strains ho-9041(t) and ho-9042(t) are 71 and 65 mol ...200818523169
cloth colorization caused by microbial biofilm.in this study, cloth disfeaturement was investigated biologically. to clarify whether or not microbes can cause cloth disfeaturement, and to identify the microbes causing the disfeaturement, worn cloth samples were incubated on sweat-ingredient agar medium. non-sterilized cloth samples became yellow-colored during incubation, and bacterial strains belonging to the genera bacillus, brevibacterium, kocuria, micrococcus and staphylococcus were isolated from the yellow-colored parts. two major isola ...200818359206
molecular characterization of early colonizer bacteria from wastes in a steel plant.forty-nine bacteria isolated from four newly-produced waste samples of a steel industry, which had a high content of cao, mgo, cr and p2o5, were characterized molecularly and phenotypically by susceptibility testing against heavy metals.200819241517
[bacteremia caused by kocuria kristinae in a patient with acute leukaemia]. 200818191518
[bacteremia caused by kocuria kristinae in a patient with acute leukaemia]. 200818395377
complete genome sequence of the soil actinomycete kocuria rhizophila.the soil actinomycete kocuria rhizophila belongs to the suborder micrococcineae, a divergent bacterial group for which only a limited amount of genomic information is currently available. k. rhizophila is also important in industrial applications; e.g., it is commonly used as a standard quality control strain for antimicrobial susceptibility testing. sequencing and annotation of the genome of k. rhizophila dc2201 (nbrc 103217) revealed a single circular chromosome (2,697,540 bp; g+c content of 7 ...200818408034
kocuria rhizophila adds to the emerging spectrum of micrococcal species involved in human infections.we describe the first case of a kocuria rhizophila infection in a boy with methylmalonic aciduria. a single clone was isolated from blood samples drawn through a port system and from peripheral veins during septic episodes within a 2-year period. k. rhizophila expands the emerging number of "micrococci" considered to be etiologically relevant.200818614658
polyphasic approach to bacterial dynamics during the ripening of spanish farmhouse cheese, using culture-dependent and -independent methods.we studied the dynamics of the microbial population during ripening of cueva de la magahá cheese using a combination of classical and molecular techniques. samples taken during ripening of this spanish goat's milk cheese in which lactococcus lactis and streptococcus thermophilus were used as starter cultures were analyzed. all bacterial isolates were clustered by using randomly amplified polymorphic dna (rapd) and identified by 16s rrna gene sequencing, species-specific pcr, and multiplex pcr. o ...200818658288
combined use of starter cultures and preservatives to control production of biogenic amines and improve sensorial profile in low-acid salami.the combined effect of starter culture, nitrites, and nitrates has been studied in low-acidity salamis, typical products of northern italy. nine batches have been prepared, combining three different inoculations of starter cultures (control, lactobacillus plantarum , and lactobacillus plantarum together with kocuria varians ) with three different preservatives (control, sodium nitrate, and sodium nitrite). all of the batches showed a good fermentation process with a proper ph decrease, which was ...200818986149
identification of lactic acid bacteria and gram-positive catalase-positive cocci isolated from naturally fermented sausage (sucuk).the aim of the study was to identify lactic acid bacteria and gram-positive catalase-positive cocci isolated from turkish dry fermented sausage (sucuk) produced by 7 different manufacturers without using starter culture. a total of 129 isolates of lactic acid bacteria were identified phenotypically. lactobacillus plantarum was the dominant species (45.7%) followed by l. curvatus (10.9%) and l. fermentum (9.3%). pediococcus isolates were identified as p. pentosaceus and p. acidilactici. all the i ...200819019118
metabolic activity and phylogenetic diversity of reed (phragmites australis) periphyton bacterial communities in a hungarian shallow soda lake.in the present study, the species composition and potential metabolic activities of bacterial communities of reed phragmites australis (cav.) (trin. ex steudel) periphyton from lake velencei were studied by cultivation-based and metabolic fingerprinting methods. serially diluted spring biofilm samples were used to test the community-level physiological profiling (clpp) using biolog microplates, and for plating onto different media. on the basis of their morphological, biochemical, and physiologi ...200717406774
stability of microbial communities in goat milk during a lactation year: molecular approaches.the microbial communities in milks from one herd were evaluated during 1-year of lactation, using molecular methods to evaluate their stability and the effect of breeding conditions on their composition. the diversity of microbial communities was measured using two approaches: molecular identification by 16s and 18s rdna sequencing of isolates from counting media (two milks), and direct identification using 16s rdna from clone libraries (six milks). the stability of these communities was evaluat ...200717604934
interactions between strains of staphylococcus xylosus and kocuria varians isolated from fermented meats.to evaluate the interactions of staphylococcus xylosus on kocuria varians strains isolated from fermented meat products. methods and results: interactions were assessed in vitro by agar spot test, agar well diffusion assay and spectrophotometric assay. the growth of k. varians (five strains) alone was compared with that in the presence of growing cells of s. xylosus (50 strains) or in the presence of heat-treated or untreated supernatants of s. xylosus. sixteen strains stimulated the growth of k ...200717714408
6-aminohexanoate oligomer hydrolases from the alkalophilic bacteria agromyces sp. strain ky5r and kocuria sp. strain ky2.alkalophilic, nylon oligomer-degrading strains, agromyces sp. and kocuria sp., were isolated from the wastewater of a nylon-6 factory and from activated sludge from a sewage disposal plant. the 6-aminohexanoate oligomer hydrolases (nylc) from the alkalophilic strains had 95.8 to 98.6% similarity to the enzyme in neutrophilic arthrobacter sp. but had superior thermostability, activity under alkaline conditions, and affinity for nylon-related substrates, which would be advantageous for biotechnolo ...200717827307
microbiological characteristics of "androlla", a spanish traditional pork sausage.counts of total aerobic mesophilic microflora, lactic acid bacteria, salt-tolerant microflora, enterobacteriaceae, enterococci, moulds and yeasts, and staphylococci, and some physico-chemical parameters (total solids, nacl and nitrate contents and ph and aw values) were determined in 20 units of "androlla", a traditional dry-fermented sausage made in the nw of spain. in general, high counts of all the investigated microbial groups were observed, with average values of 8.99 +/- 0.46 log cfu/g for ...200716943094
biodiversity of bacterial ecosystems in traditional egyptian domiati cheese.bacterial biodiversity occurring in traditional egyptian soft domiati cheese was studied by pcr-temporal temperature gel electrophoresis (ttge) and pcr-denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (dgge). bands were identified using a reference species database (j.-c. ogier et al., appl. environ. microbiol. 70:5628-5643, 2004); de novo bands having nonidentified migration patterns were identified by dna sequencing. results reveal a novel bacterial profile and extensive bacterial biodiversity in domia ...200717189434
[microbial diversity in scorpion intestine (buthus martensii karsch)].scorpion is an important officinal animal, and has a high nutritional value. in this study, the culture-independent and culture-dependent methods were used to investigate the microbial diversity in the scorpion's intestine. results based on culture-independent method showed the bacteria to be related to alpha, beta, gamma-proteobacteria. bacteria isolated by the culture-dependent method were high g + c, gram-positive bacteria. the genera enterobacter, serratia and ochrobactrum were detected by b ...200718062268
medicinal smoke reduces airborne bacteria.this study represents a comprehensive analysis and scientific validation of our ancient knowledge about the effect of ethnopharmacological aspects of natural products' smoke for therapy and health care on airborne bacterial composition and dynamics, using the biolog microplate panels and microlog database. we have observed that 1h treatment of medicinal smoke emanated by burning wood and a mixture of odoriferous and medicinal herbs (havan sámagri=material used in oblation to fire all over india) ...200717913417
[phylogenetic diversity of culturable bacteria in the ancient salt deposits of the yipinglang salt mine, p. r. china].the microbial diversity of cultivable bacteria, isolated from the ancient salt deposits from the yipinglang salt mine (ypl) in the yunnan province, p. r. china,was investigated by using conventional culture-dependent method and phylogenetic analyses based on 16s rrna gene sequence comparisons. 38 bacteria strains were isolated from the brine, halite and saline soil samples on mba (marine broth agar 2216, difco) and isp 2 (international streotomyces project medium 2) media supplemented with 0.5-3 ...200717944352
water sensitivity, antimicrobial, and physicochemical analyses of edible films based on hpmc and/or chitosan.several properties of chitosan films associated or not with hydroxypropylmethylcellulose polymer (hpmc) and hpmc films incorporating or not nisin and/or milk fat were studied. nisin addition at a level of 250 microg ml-1 and likewise chitosan at 1% (w/v) concentration were efficient for total inhibiting aspergillus niger and kocuria rhizophila food deterioration microorganisms. hpmc and chitosan films were transparent, whereas nisin and/or fat incorporation induced a 2-fold lightness parameter i ...200717263462
diversity of microorganisms in the environment and dry fermented sausages of small traditional french processing units.naturally fermented sausages produced in nine traditional french processing units and their environmental surfaces were characterised by microbial and physico-chemical analyses. salmonella and staphylococcus aureus were not detected in the environment whereas listeria monocytogenes was detected in four samples. staphylococcus/kocuria, lactic acid bacteria (lab), enterobacteriaceae, pseudomonas, yeasts/moulds and enterococci contaminated the surfaces of two processing units, indicating insufficie ...200722064197
characterization of micrococcaceae isolated from iberian dry-cured sausages.the populations of micrococcaceae in different types of iberian dry-cured sausages from central-west spain were characterized and their technological and antimicrobial properties determined in order to evaluate their suitability as starter cultures in dry-cured sausage manufacture. of a total of four hundred strains isolated from two manufacturers, one hundred and sixty-six were selected to evaluate nitrate reductase, proteolytic, lipolytic, and antimicrobial activities, and growth at different ...200722064035
behaviour of the constitutive biota of two types of spanish dry-sausages ripened in a pilot-scale chamber.the behaviour of the constitutive biota in eighty four samples belonging to two different types of spanish dry-cured sausages during the ripening process in a pilot-scale chamber was investigated. samples were analyzed in three stages during production: fresh product, first drying stage and finished product. lactic acid bacteria (lab) and coagulase-negative cocci (cnc) were identified by the api system. in general, evolution of lab and cnc during the ripening process of spanish dry-cured sausage ...200622062067
diversity of actinomycetes isolated from challenger deep sediment (10,898 m) from the mariana trench.thirty-eight actinomycetes were isolated from sediment collected from the mariana trench (10,898 m) using marine agar and media selective for actinomycetes, notably raffinose-histidine agar. the isolates were assigned to the class actinobacteria using primers specific for members of this taxon. the phylogenetic analysis based on 16s rrna gene sequencing showed that the isolates belonged to the genera dermacoccus, kocuria, micromonospora, streptomyces, tsukamurella and williamsia. all of the isol ...200616538400
kocuria aegyptia sp. nov., a novel actinobacterium isolated from a saline, alkaline desert soil in egypt.a coccoid, non-motile actinobacterium, designated strain yim 70003t, was isolated from a saline, alkaline, desert-soil sample from egypt. phylogenetic analysis based on 16s rrna gene sequences revealed that the organism formed a distinct phyletic line within the genus kocuria and was most closely related to kocuria polaris dsm 14382t (98.6 % sequence similarity) and kocuria rosea dsm 20447t (98.2 %). chemotaxonomic data, including the lys-ala3 peptidoglycan type, the presence of phosphatidylglyc ...200616585685
construction and analysis of fractional multifactorial designs to study attachment strength and transfer of listeria monocytogenes from pure or mixed biofilms after contact with a solid model food.the aim of this study was to establish which of seven factors influence the adhesion strength and hence bacterial transfer between biofilms containing listeria monocytogenes (pure and two-species biofilms) and tryptone soya agar (tsa) as a solid organic surface. the two-species biofilms were made of l. monocytogenes and one of the following species of bacteria: the nonpathogenic organisms kocuria varians, pseudomonas fluorescens, and staphylococcus sciuri and ccl 63, an unidentified gram-negativ ...200616597925
screening for microbial markers in miocene sediment exposed during open-cast brown coal mining.viable microorganisms were found in miocene lacustrine clays of the cypris formation excavated from 200-m below the surface as spoil during open-cast brown coal mining (sokolov brown coal basin, north-western bohemia, czech republic). both saprotrophic microfungi of the genera penicillium, verticillium, cladosporium and aspergillus as well as heterotrophic bacteria were isolated from an intact sediment cores. heterotrophic bacteria were classified by the mis sherlock system as representatives of ...200616622790
atp level variations in heterotrophic bacteria during attachment on hydrophilic and hydrophobic surfaces.a survey of the extracellular atp levels of 86 heterotrophic bacteria showed that gram-negative bacteria of the genera sulfitobacter, staleya, and marinobacter secreted elevated amounts of extracellular atp, ranging from 6.0 to 9.8 pm atp/colony forming unit (cfu), and that gram-positive bacteria of the genera kocuria and planococcus secreted up to 4.1 pm atp/cfu. variations in the levels of extracellular and intracellular atp-dependent luminescence were monitored in living cells of sulfitobacte ...200616636988
kocuria himachalensis sp. nov., an actinobacterium isolated from the indian himalayas.a reddish orange bacterium, strain k07-05(t), was isolated from soil during a study of the bacterial diversity of a cold desert of the indian himalayas and was studied by using a polyphasic approach. the organism had morphological and chemotaxonomic properties consistent with its classification in the genus kocuria. phylogenetic analysis of the 16s rrna gene sequence showed that strain k07-05(t) was closely related to kocuria rosea dsm 20447(t) and kocuria polaris mtcc 3702(t) (98.1 and 97.8 % s ...200616902039
inhibitory effect of oxalic acid on bacterial spoilage of raw chilled chicken.oxalic acid was evaluated as a treatment for reducing populations of naturally occurring microorganisms on raw chicken. raw chicken breasts were dipped in solutions of oxalic acid (0, 0.5, 1.0, 1.5, and 2.0%, wt/vol) for 10, 20, and 30 min, individually packed in oxygen-permeable polyethylene bags, and stored at 4 degrees c. total plate counts of aerobic bacteria and populations of pseudomonas spp. and enterobacteriaceae on breasts were determined before treatment and after storage for 1, 3, 7, ...200616924917
characterization of microbial contamination in united states air force aviation fuel tanks.bacteria and fungi, isolated from united states air force (usaf) aviation fuel samples, were identified by gas chromatograph fatty acid methyl ester (gc-fame) profiling and 16s or 18s rrna gene sequencing. thirty-six samples from 11 geographically separated usaf bases were collected. at each base, an above-ground storage tank, a refueling truck, and an aircraft wing tank were sampled at the lowest sample point, or sump, to investigate microbial diversity and dispersion within the fuel distributi ...200616328508
molecular, technological and safety characterization of gram-positive catalase-positive cocci from slightly fermented sausages.the population of gram-positive catalase-positive cocci from slightly fermented sausages was characterized at species and strain level by molecular techniques and some technological and hygienic aspects were also considered. staphylococcus xylosus was the predominant species (80.8%) followed by staphylococcus warneri (8.3%), staphylococcus epidermidis (5.8%) staphylococcus carnosus (4.6%), and kocuria varians (0.4%). proteolytic activity was observed in 23% of the isolates. the species with the ...200616297478
response surface methodology for the optimization of keratinase production in culture medium containing feathers produced by kocuria rosea.a 43-fold increase in keratinase production by kocuria rosea was achieved in batch fermentation using response surface methodology. factorial designs were used to select the components of a culture medium that showed a significant effect on keratinase production. an orthogonal-central composite experimental design was performed, with only two (feathers and magnesium) from nine initial compounds being further analyzed by response surface methodology. an optimum keratinase production of 14 886.9 u ...200616699569
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