| the effect of centella asiatica, vitamins, glycolic acid and their mixtures preparations in stimulating collagen and fibronectin synthesis in cultured human skin fibroblast. | centella asiatica (linn.) urban is well known in promoting wound healing and provides significant benefits in skin care and therapeutic products formulation. glycolic acid and vitamins also play a role in the enhancement of collagen and fibronectin synthesis. here, we evaluate the specific effect of centella asiatica (ca), vitamins, glycolic acid and their mixture preparations to stimulate collagen and fibronectin synthesis in cultured human fibroblast cells. the fibroblast cells are incubated w ... | 2014 | 24577907 |
| evaluation of analgesic and anti-inflammatory activity of chloroform and methanol extracts of centella asiatica linn. | a variety of active constituents with wide range of pharmacological actions have been reported with centella asiatica. the present study was undertaken to assess analgesic and anti-inflammatory properties of its leaf extracts. dried leaves were defatted with petroleum ether and extracted with chloroform and methanol. both chloroform and methanol extracts were evaluated for analgesic activity through tail clip, tail flick, tail immersion, and writhing assay tests at doses of 50, 100, and 200 mg/k ... | 2013 | 24369507 |
| in vitro evidence that an aqueous extract of centella asiatica modulates α-synuclein aggregation dynamics. | α-synuclein aggregation is one of the major etiological factors implicated in parkinson's disease (pd). the prevention of aggregation of α-synuclein is a potential therapeutic intervention for preventing pd. the discovery of natural products as alternative drugs to treat pd and related disorders is a current trend. the aqueous extract of centella asiatica (ca) is traditionally used as a brain tonic and ca is known to improve cognition and memory. there are limited data on the role of ca in modul ... | 2014 | 24284367 |
| caffeoylquinic acids in centella asiatica protect against amyloid-β toxicity. | the accumulation of amyloid-β (aβ) is a hallmark of alzheimer's disease and is known to result in neurotoxicity both in vivo and in vitro. we previously demonstrated that treatment with the water extract of centella asiatica (caw) improves learning and memory deficits in tg2576 mice, an animal model of aβ accumulation. however the active compounds in caw remain unknown. here we used two in vitro models of aβ toxicity to confirm this neuroprotective effect and identify several active constituents ... | 2014 | 24448790 |
| madecassoside ameliorates bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis in mice by downregulating collagen deposition. | this study aimed to explore the protective effects of madecassoside (mad), a triterpenoid saponin isolated from centella asiatica herbs, on experimental pulmonary fibrosis (pf) and underlying mechanisms. pf model was established in mice by endotracheal instillation with bleomycin (5 mg/kg). mice were orally administered with mad (10, 20, 40 mg/kg) and prednisone (5 mg/kg) for 7 or 21 days. mad (20, 40 mg/kg) significantly improved lung pathological changes and reduced collagen deposition. in the ... | 2014 | 24458872 |
| pycnogenol® and centella asiatica for asymptomatic atherosclerosis progression. | the aim of the study was to evaluate the effect of the nutritional supplements pycnogenol and teca (total triterpenic fraction of centella asiatica) on atherosclerosis progression in low-risk asymptomatic subjects with carotid or femoral non-stenosing plaques. | 2014 | 24452082 |
| the centella asiatica juice effects on dna damage, apoptosis and gene expression in hepatocellular carcinoma (hcc). | this paper is to investigate the effects of centella asiatica on hepg2 (human hepatocellular liver carcinoma cell line). centella asiatica is native to the southeast asia that is used as a traditional medicine. this study aims to determine the chemopreventive effects of the centella asiatica juice on human hepg2 cell line. | 2014 | 24444147 |
| in vivo disposition and metabolism of madecassoside, a major bioactive constituent in centella asiatica (l.) urb. | centella asiatica (l.) urb. herb is frequently used in traditional chinese medicine for many indications, such as traumatic injuries, keloid and scar. madecassoside is the main active ingredient of this herb drug with higher content than other triterpenoid constituents. understandings of pharmacokinetic profiles of madecassoside should be beneficial for its development as a therapeutic agent. | 2013 | 24091240 |
| asiatic acid alleviates hemodynamic and metabolic alterations via restoring enos/inos expression, oxidative stress, and inflammation in diet-induced metabolic syndrome rats. | asiatic acid is a triterpenoid isolated from centella asiatica. the present study aimed to investigate whether asiatic acid could lessen the metabolic, cardiovascular complications in rats with metabolic syndrome (ms) induced by a high-carbohydrate, high-fat (hchf) diet. male sprague-dawley rats were fed with hchf diet with 15% fructose in drinking water for 12 weeks to induce ms. ms rats were treated with asiatic acid (10 or 20 mg/kg/day) or vehicle for a further three weeks. ms rats had an imp ... | 2014 | 24441717 |
| anti-hyperglycemic activity of centella asiatica is partly mediated by carbohydrase inhibition and glucose-fiber binding. | centella asiatica (c. asiatica) was previously reported to have anti-hyperglycemic effects in animal diabetic model rats. however, its activity on organ and tissue level remains unstudied. our study aims at exploring the possible effects, c. asiatica extract and insoluble fiber has on carbohydrate absorption, insulin secretion, insulin sensitivity and glucose utilization. | 2014 | 24438380 |
| antiproliferative, cell-cycle dysregulation effects of novel asiatic acid derivatives on human non-small cell lung cancer cells. | asiatic acid (aa) is a pentacyclic triterpene in centella asiatica known to inhibit proliferation and induce apoptosis in several tumor cell lines. in the current study, we synthesized five aa derivatives and examined their inhibitory activities on growth in non-small cell lung cancer cell lines, a549 and pc9/g. four derivatives were found to have stronger cell growth inhibitory activity than aa. among them, compound a-3 showed the most significant antiproliferative effects on tumor. growth of a ... | 2013 | 23924616 |
| neuritogenic effect of standardized extract of centella asiatica eca233 on human neuroblastoma cells. | in order to gain insight into neuroprotective effects of eca 233, a standardized extract of centella asiatica, previously demonstrated in animal models of memory impairment induced by transient global ischemia or intracerebroventricular injection of β-amyloid, the effect of eca 233 on neurite outgrowth of human imr-32 neuroblastoma cell line was investigated. | 2013 | 23915016 |
| retention of nutrients in green leafy vegetables on dehydration. | the objective of the study was to investigate the influence of dehydration on nutrient composition of amaranthus gangeticus, chenopodium album, centella asiatica, amaranthus tricolor and trigonella foenum graecum. the green leafy vegetables (glv) were steam blanched for 5 min after pretreatment and dried in an oven at 60 °c for 10-12 h. the fresh and dehydrated samples were analyzed for selected proximate constituents, vitamins, minerals, antinutrients and dialyzable minerals. dehydration seems ... | 2013 | 24425998 |
| hypolipidemic and hypoglycemic effects of centella asiatica (l.) extract in vitro and in vivo. | in vitro study revealed that pancreatic lipase inhibitory activity of c. asiatica extract was significantly higher than rutin but lower than orlistat, an anti-obesity drug. alpha-amylase inhibitory activities of c. asiatica extract and rutin were significantly lower than acarbose, an anti-diabetic drug. inhibition of alpha-glucosidase activity by c. asiatica extract, rutin, and acarbose was not different. the in vivo study substantiated the in vitro results. c. asiatica extract (1000 and 2000 mg ... | 2014 | 25345245 |
| unraveling the binding mechanism of asiatic acid with human serum albumin and its biological implications. | asiatic acid (asa), a naturally occurring pentacyclictriterpenoid found in centella asiatica, plays a major role in neuroprotection, anticancer, antioxidant, and hepatoprotective activities. human serum albumin (hsa), a blood plasma protein, participates in the regulation of plasma osmotic pressure and transports endogenous and exogenous substances. the study undertaken to analyze the drug-binding mechanisms of hsa is crucial in understanding the bioavailability of drugs. in this study, we analy ... | 2014 | 23844909 |
| merremia emarginata (burm. f.) hall. f.: a substituted market source for centella asiatica (l.) urban: an observation from salem district, tamil nadu. | | 2013 | 25284949 |
| the effects of intellan and cytacon on hematological and biochemical parameter in rabbits: a comparative study. | several plants have been selected based on their use in traditional systems of medicine, and research has identified a number of natural compounds that could act as nootropicagents. in this study a herbal product intellan containing centella asiatica, bacopa monniera, coriandum sativum, amomum subulatum, emblica officinalis and another product cytacon (cyanocobalamine) were selected the study was designed on animal models to explore the effects on different parameters. for this the animals were ... | 2014 | 25176357 |
| plant-based medicines for anxiety disorders, part 2: a review of clinical studies with supporting preclinical evidence. | research in the area of herbal psychopharmacology has revealed a variety of promising medicines that may provide benefit in the treatment of general anxiety and specific anxiety disorders. however, a comprehensive review of plant-based anxiolytics has been absent to date. thus, our aim was to provide a comprehensive narrative review of plant-based medicines that have clinical and/or preclinical evidence of anxiolytic activity. we present the article in two parts. in part one, we reviewed herbal ... | 2013 | 23653088 |
| centella asiatica attenuates diabetes induced hippocampal changes in experimental diabetic rats. | diabetes mellitus has been reported to affect functions of the hippocampus. we hypothesized that centella asiatica, a herb traditionally being used to improve memory, prevents diabetes-related hippocampal dysfunction. therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the protective role of c. asiatica on the hippocampus in diabetes. methods. streptozotocin- (stz-) induced adult male diabetic rats received 100 and 200 mg/kg/day body weight (b.w) c. asiatica leaf aqueous extract for four consecu ... | 2014 | 25161691 |
| morphological, chemical and molecular characterization of centella asiatica germplasms for commercial cultivation in the indo-gangetic plains. | centella asiatica germplasm collected from north, north-eastern and southern parts of india was compared for biomass and centellosides productivity under uniform agro-climatic conditions of the indo-gangetic plains at lucknow. the highest biomass accumulation (411.9 g fw/m2 area) was recorded in accession a from north india, followed by 284.0, 135.7 and 29.2 g fw/m2 in accessions m, b and e from southern, eastern and north-eastern regions, respectively. accession m possessed the highest asiatico ... | 2014 | 25115077 |
| effects of five ayurvedic herbs on locomotor behaviour in a drosophila melanogaster parkinson's disease model. | current conventional treatments for parkinson's disease (pd) are aimed at symptom management, as there is currently no known cure or treatment that can slow down its progression. ayurveda, the ancient medical system of india, uses a combination of herbs to combat the disease. herbs commonly used for this purpose are zandopa (containing mucuna pruriens), withania somnifera, centella asiatica, sida cordifolia and bacopa monnieri. in this study, these herbs were tested for their potential ability t ... | 2014 | 25091506 |
| simultaneous interstitial pneumonitis and cardiomyopathy induced by venlafaxine. | venlafaxine is a serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor used as an antidepressant. interindividual variability and herb-drug interactions can lead to drug-induced toxicity. we report the case of a 35-year-old female patient diagnosed with synchronous pneumonitis and acute cardiomyopathy attributed to venlafaxine. the patient sought medical attention due to dyspnea and dry cough that started three months after initiating treatment with venlafaxine for depression. the patient was concomitantl ... | 2015 | 25029655 |
| statistical analysis of metal chelating activity of centella asiatica and erythroxylum cuneatum using response surface methodology. | the purpose of the study is to evaluate the relationship between the extraction parameters and the metal chelating activity of centella asiatica (ca) and erythroxylum cuneatum (ec). the response surface methodology was used to optimize the extraction parameters of methanolic extract of ca and ec with respect to the metal chelating activity. for ca, run 17 gave optimum chelating activity with ic50 = 0.93 mg/ml at an extraction temperature of 25°c, speed of agitation at 200 rpm, ratio of plant mat ... | 2013 | 23533781 |
| microrna-1290 promotes asiatic acid‑induced apoptosis by decreasing bcl2 protein level in a549 non‑small cell lung carcinoma cells. | asiatic acid, a triterpenoid derived from centella asiatica, is a putative anticancer agent in several types of cancer cells. investigations of its biological role in negative regulation of cell growth have focused on the extent of induction of apoptosis in a cell-type-specific manner. in this study, we identified an important regulator of asiatic acid-induced cell death, microrna (mir)-1290, which sensitizes cells to asiatic acid-induced cytotoxicity and negatively regulates bcl2 expression. as ... | 2014 | 25016979 |
| field evaluation of in vitro-induced tetraploid and diploid centella asiatica (l.) urban. | centella asiatica-a medicinal plant that produces high-value active triterpenoids-is in increasing demand by the pharmaceutical and cosmetic industries. the aim of this study was to field-test one induced tetraploid and three diploid c. asiatica lines for the selection of high-quality plants with high phytomass and triterpenoid content and to determine their optimal harvesting time. all tested c. asiatica were micropropagated using an established protocol. one-month-old plantlets were acclimatiz ... | 2014 | 23529542 |
| [simultaneous determination of madecassoside, asiaticoside and their aglycones in centella asiatica (l.) urban extracts by rp-hplc]. | to establish a hplc method for simultaneous determination of four major constituents (madecassoside, asiaticoside, madecassic acid and asiatic acid) in centella asiatica (l.) urban extracts. | 2014 | 24782366 |
| [analysis on preparation and characterization of asiaticoside-loaded flexible nanoliposomes]. | asiaticoside is a compound extracted from traditional chinese medicine centella asiatica, and mainly used in wound healing and scar repair in clinical, with notable efficacy. however, its poor transdermal absorption and short action time restrict its wide application. in this experiment, the reserve-phase-extrusion-lyophilization method was conducted to prepare the lyophilized asiaticoside-loaded flexible nanoliposomes (lafl). its characteristics including electron microscope structure, particle ... | 2013 | 24422392 |
| centella asiatica in dermatology: an overview. | centella asiatica is a medicinal plant that was already used as a 'panacea' 3000 years ago. the active compounds include pentacyclic triterpenes, mainly asiaticoside, madecasosside, asiatic acid and madecassic acid. we have conducted an overview to summarize current knowledge on the results of scientific in vitro and in vivo experiments focused on the improvement of the healing process of small wounds, hypertrophic scars and burns by c. asiatica. in this paper, we discuss the data on constituent ... | 2014 | 24399761 |
| anti-inflammaging and antiglycation activity of a novel botanical ingredient from african biodiversity (centevita™). | the aim of this study was to investigate the topical efficacy of a new purified extract from madagascar, gotu kola (centella asiatica [l.] urban), both on human explants and on human volunteers, in relation to skin wrinkling and skin protection against ultraviolet light exposure. the extract, with a peculiar content of biologically active molecules, was investigated as a novel anti-inflammaging and antiglycation agent. its typical terpenes, known as collagen synthesis promoters, represent at lea ... | 2014 | 24376360 |
| mitoprotective effect of centella asiatica against aluminum-induced neurotoxicity in rats: possible relevance to its anti-oxidant and anti-apoptosis mechanism. | role of mitochondrial dysfunction and oxidative stress has been well documented in various cognitive-related disorders such as alzheimer's disease. aluminum is a neurotoxic metal that may be involved in the progression of neurodegenerative processes. the antioxidant and memory enhancing effects of centella asiatica (ca) are well known in the last few decades. therefore, the present study has been designed to explore the neuroprotective effect of ca on chronic aluminum exposure induced mitochondr ... | 2013 | 23224641 |
| comparative study on anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory activities of caesalpinia crista and centella asiatica leaf extracts. | amyloidosis, oxidative stress and inflammation have been strongly implicated in neurodegenerative disorders like alzheimer's disease. traditionally, caesalpinia crista and centella asiatica leaf extracts are used to treat brain related diseases in india. c. crista is used as a mental relaxant drink as well as to treat inflammatory diseases, whereas c. asiatica is reported to be used to enhance memory and to treat dementia. | 2014 | 24741275 |
| neuroprotective effects of madecassoside against focal cerebral ischemia reperfusion injury in rats. | madecassoside, a triterpenoid derivative isolated from centella asiatica, exhibits anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activities. we investigated its neuroprotective effect against ischemia-reperfusion (i/r) injury in cerebral neurons in male sprague-dawley rats. madecassoside (6, 12, or 24mg/kg, i.v.) was administered 1h after the start of reperfusion, and neurological deficit score and infarct volume were evaluated 24h later. neuronal apoptosis was assessed by performing terminal deoxynucleotid ... | 2014 | 24735651 |
| production of polyclonal antibody against madecassoside and development of immunoassay methods for analysis of triterpene glycosides in centella asiatica. | centella asiatica (l.) urban consists of two major triterpene glycosides, asiaticoside (as) and madecassoside (ma), as active components used for wound healing and enhancing memory. | 2015 | 23081750 |
| effects of medhya rasayana and yogic practices in improvement of short-term memory among school-going children. | excellent memory, extraordinary intelligence, great academic achievement, and successful career are the dreams of every individual in this era of competition and professionalism. a good memory power acts as a catalyst in all walks of life, be it academic success or maintenance of personal relationships. it is observed that an average man uses only 10% of his natural memory. remaining 90% is left unused in a haphazard manner. as per the american psychologist carl emil seashore, if one is alert an ... | 2013 | 24695779 |
| study of the cytotoxicity of asiaticoside on rats and tumour cells. | cancer chemoprevention is considered one of the most promising areas in current cancer research, and asiaticoside, which is derived from the plant centella asiatica, has a relative lack of systemic toxicity. the purpose of this study was to investigate whether asiaticoside is effective against 7,12-dimethylbenz(a)anthracene (dmba)-induced carcinogenicity in vitro (mcf-7 and other cells) and in vivo (dmba-induced rat cancer). | 2014 | 24667059 |
| factors affecting the content of pentacyclic triterpenes in centella asiatica raw materials. | pentacyclic triterpenes, mainly, asiatic acid, madecassic acid, asiaticoside, and madecassoside are the active constituents of centella asitica (l.) urban. (apiaceae). these compounds possess various pharmacological activities that have been shown to assist with wound healing and brain enrichment. | 2012 | 22966846 |
| asiaticoside attenuates memory impairment induced by transient cerebral ischemia-reperfusion in mice through anti-inflammatory mechanism. | asiaticoside (as) is isolated from centella asiatica (l.) which has been using for a long time as a memory enhancing drug in india. this study was to investigate the effects of as on memory impairment and inflammatory cytokines expression induced by transient cerebral ischemia and reperfusion in mice, as well as the potential signaling pathway. transient bilateral common carotid artery occlusion (tbccao) induced severe memory deficits in mice according to the morris water maze task and the step- ... | 2014 | 24631487 |
| anti-diabetic effect of a combination of andrographolide-enriched extract of andrographis paniculata (burm f.) nees and asiaticoside-enriched extract of centella asiatica l. in high fructose-fat fed rats. | traditionally, a combination of medicinal plants is commonly used for lowering blood glucose in diabetic patients in order to provide additional benefits of the single drug. a. paniculata and c. asiatica are two traditional medicines form south asian and southeast asain countries consumed by people for treating daibates mellitus and its complications. hyperglycemia in the rats was stimulated by high fructose-fat diet that consists of 36% fructose, 15% lard, and 5% egg yolks in 0.36 g/200 g body ... | 2013 | 24579376 |
| inhibition of cpla2 and spla2 activities in primary cultures of rat cortical neurons by centella asiatica water extract. | leaf extract of centella asiatica has been used as an alternative medicine for memory improvement in the indian ayurvedic system of medicine for a long time. although several studies have revealed its effect in ameliorating the cognitive impairment in rat models of alzheimer's disease, the molecular mechanism of c. asiatica on neuroprotection still remains unexplained. in this study, we investigated the effects of c. asiatica water extract on activity of subtypes of phospholipase a2 (pla2) in pr ... | 2012 | 22908561 |
| asiatic acid, a triterpene, inhibits cell proliferation through regulating the expression of focal adhesion kinase in multiple myeloma cells. | the aim of the present study was to investigate whether asiatic acid (aa), a pentacyclic triterpene derived from centella asiatica, exerts anti-proliferative effects on multiple myeloma rpmi 8226 cells and to determine the molecular mechanism underlying the anticancer action of aa. the study sought to analyze the potential role of aa on the proliferation of the rpmi 8226 cells using a 3-(4,5-dimethyl-2-thiazolyl)-2,5-diphenyl-2h-tetrazolium assay. cell cycle arrest was detected by flow cytometry ... | 2013 | 24260073 |
| asiatic acid isolated from centella asiatica inhibits tgf-β1-induced collagen expression in human keloid fibroblasts via ppar-γ activation. | keloids are fibroproliferative disorders characterized by exuberant extracellular matrix deposition and transforming growth factor (tgf)-β/smad pathway plays a pivotal role in keloid pathogenesis. centella asiatica extract has been applied in scar management for ages. as one of its major components, asiatic acid (aa) has been recently reported to inhibit liver fibrosis by blocking tgf-β/smad pathway. however, its effect on keloid remains unknown. in order to investigate the effects of aa on cell ... | 2013 | 24250248 |
| asiatic acid ameliorates tubulointerstitial fibrosis in mice with ureteral obstruction. | asiatic acid (aa) is one of the triterpenoid compounds present in centella asiatica and it has been shown to be capable of attenuating liver fibrosis. in the present study, we investigated the effects of aa on renal tubulointerstitial fibrosis in mice with unilateral ureteral obstruction (uuo). mice were divided randomly into five groups (n=5 per group): the sham-surgery (sh), uuo plus vehicle treatment (uuo+v), uuo plus 1 mg/kg body weight aa treatment (uuo+a1), uuo plus 4 mg/kg body weight aa ... | 2013 | 24137256 |
| madecassoside, a triterpenoid saponin isolated from centella asiatica herbs, protects endothelial cells against oxidative stress. | this study aimed to investigate the effect of madecassoside against oxidative stress-induced injury of endothelial cells. hydrogen peroxide (h(2)o(2), 500 µmol/l) was employed as an inducer of oxidative stress in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (huvecs). cell apoptosis was detected by hoechst 33258 staining and flow cytometry. caspase-3 activity and mitochondria membrane potential were further examined. as a result, madecassoside (10, 30, 100 µmol/l) could reverse morphological changes, e ... | 2012 | 22829481 |
| production of asiaticoside from centella (centella asiatica l. urban) cells in bioreactor. | to investigate the effects of some culture conditions on production of asiaticoside from centella (centella asiatica l. urban) cells cultured in 5-l bioreactor. | 2013 | 24075346 |
| ecologically relevant uv-b dose combined with high par intensity distinctly affect plant growth and accumulation of secondary metabolites in leaves of centella asiatica l. urban. | we investigated the effects of environmentally relevant dose of ultraviolet (uv)-b and photosynthetic active radiation (par) on saponin accumulation in leaves on the example of centella asiatica l. urban. for this purpose, plants were exposed to one of four light regimes i.e., two par intensities with or without uv-b radiation. the experiment was conducted in technically complex sun simulators under almost natural irradiance and climatic conditions. as observed, uv-b radiation increased herb and ... | 2013 | 24044900 |
| neuroprotective effects of madecassoside in early stage of parkinson's disease induced by mptp in rats. | in this study, we investigated the neuroprotective effects of madecassoside, isolated from the chinese medicinal herb centella asiatica, in the rat model of early phase of parkinsonism. during intragastric administrations of madecassoside for 7 days, the rats were injected with mptp on the 7th day. and for the following 14 days, madecassoside were also administered. on the 14th day, the behavioral tests were assessed after 1h of administration. and then, the rats were sacrificed, substantia nigr ... | 2013 | 23876367 |
| effects of asiaticoside on levels of podocyte cytoskeletal proteins and renal slit diaphragm proteins in adriamycin-induced rat nephropathy. | centella asiatica has been used to treat kidney diseases in chinese traditional medicine. asiaticoside (an extraction of c. asiatica) exerts a variety of pharmacological effects including immunomodulatory and anti-inflammatory functions. however, the mechanism of asiaticoside in the treatment of renal diseases remains largely unknown. this study investigated the molecular mechanism of asiaticoside in treating adriamycin-induced nephropathy of rats. | 2013 | 23871990 |
| long-term follow-up of oral administration of flavonoids, centella asiatica and melilotus, for diabetic cystoid macular edema without macular thickening. | to evaluate long-term follow-up of the orally administered combination of flavonoids with centella asiatica and melilotus for treatment of diabetic cystoid macular edema (cme) without macular thickening. | 2013 | 23844756 |
| matrix metalloproteinase, hyaluronidase and elastase inhibitory potential of standardized extract of centella asiatica. | centella asiatica (l.) urban (apiaceae), a valuable herb described in ayurveda, is used in the indigenous system of medicine as a tonic to treat skin diseases. | 2013 | 23763301 |
| de novo sequencing and assembly of centella asiatica leaf transcriptome for mapping of structural, functional and regulatory genes with special reference to secondary metabolism. | centella asiatica (l.) urban is an important medicinal plant and has been used since ancient times in traditional systems of medicine. c. asiatica mainly contains ursane skeleton based triterpenoid sapogenins and saponins predominantly in its leaves. this investigation employed illumina next generation sequencing (ngs) strategy on a pool of three cdnas from expanding leaf of c. asiatica and developed an assembled transcriptome sequence resource of the plant. the short transcript reads (strs) gen ... | 2013 | 23644021 |
| centelloside accumulation in leaves of centella asiatica is determined by resource partitioning between primary and secondary metabolism while influenced by supply levels of either nitrogen, phosphorus or potassium. | in the present study we aimed to investigate the relevance of either n, p or k supply for herb and leaf yield and for centelloside concentrations in centella asiatica l. urban leaves. in this regard, we elucidated the causal relationship between assimilation rate, leaf n, p and k concentrations, herb and leaf production, and centelloside accumulation. the experiments were conducted consecutively in a greenhouse where c. asiatica was grown in hydroponic culture and fertigated with nutrient soluti ... | 2013 | 23608744 |
| a new method for preparing pentacyclic triterpene rich centella asiatica extracts. | this study evaluated microwave-assisted extraction (mae) for four pentacyclic triterpenes as well as developed a method for preparing a pentacyclic triterpenene rich extract from centella asiatica. mae was capable of increasing the yield of the pentacyclic triterpenes up to twice that produced by the heat reflux method, and it was also much less time consuming. the optimal conditions of mae employed were extraction with absolute ethanol as solvent, an irradiation power of 600 w, at 75°c, four ir ... | 2013 | 22577972 |
| [near-infrared spectroscopy technology for online monitoring of the column separation and purification process of active components of centella asiatica l. urban]. | the present paper is to study and develop a method for online monitoring of the column separation and purification process of active components that are madecassoside and asiaticoside of centella asiatica l. urban using near-infrared (nir) spectroscopy technology. after collecting 50%-ethanol eluant, we detected their nir spectra and developed the high performance liquid chromatography (hplc) assay method of active components. then, partial least square (pls) was used to develop linear correlati ... | 2013 | 23586234 |
| metabolomic analysis of methyl jasmonate-induced triterpenoid production in the medicinal herb centella asiatica (l.) urban. | centella asiatica is an important source of biologically active pentacyclic triterpenoids. the enhancement of the biosynthesis of the centellosides by manipulation of associated metabolic pathways is receiving much attention. jasmonates play critical roles in plant metabolism by up-regulating the expression of genes related to secondary metabolites. here, we investigated the effect of methyl jasmonate (meja) in c. asiatica through targeted metabolomic profiling of asiaticoside and madecassoside ... | 2013 | 23579994 |
| asiatic acid, a pentacyclic triterpene in centella asiatica, attenuates glutamate-induced cognitive deficits in mice and apoptosis in sh-sy5y cells. | to investigate whether asiatic acid (aa), a pentacyclic triterpene in centella asiatica, exerted neuroprotective effects in vitro and in vivo, and to determine the underlying mechanisms. | 2012 | 22447225 |
| a β-cyclodextrin, polyethyleneimine and silk fibroin hydrogel containing centella asiatica extract and hydrocortisone acetate: releasing properties and in vivo efficacy for healing of pressure sores. | pressure sores are lesions caused by impaired blood flow. conventional dressings can absorb exudates, but do not promote wound healing. a hydrogel composed of β-cyclodextrin (β-cd), polyethyleneimine (pei) and silk fibroin (sf) was assessed for use in healing of pressure sores. | 2012 | 22439751 |
| evaluation of comparative free-radical quenching potential of brahmi (bacopa monnieri) and mandookparni (centella asiatica). | ayurvedic texts describe rejuvenate measures called rasayana to impart biological sustenance to bodily tissues. rasayana acting specifically on brain are called medhya rasayana. brahmi is one of the most commonly practiced herbs for the same. yet there exist a controversy regarding the exact plant species among bacopa monnieri l. penn (bm) and centella asiatica (l.) urban (ca) to be used as brahmi in the formulations. though the current literature available has suggested a very good nootropic po ... | 2011 | 22408313 |
| a systematic review of the efficacy of centella asiatica for improvement of the signs and symptoms of chronic venous insufficiency. | we aimed to assess the efficacy of centella asiatica for improvement of the signs and symptoms of chronic venous insufficiency (cvi). we searched 13 electronic databases including the cochrane central register of controlled trials for randomised controlled trials assessing the efficacy of centella asiatica for cvi. two review authors independently selected studies, assessed the risks of bias of included studies and extracted data. the treatment effects of similar studies were pooled whenever app ... | 2013 | 23533507 |
| antioxidant synergism between ethanolic centella asiatica extracts and α-tocopherol in model systems. | the synergistic antioxidant effects of ethanolic extracts of centella asiatica (ce), and α-tocopherol have been studied. the types of interactions exhibited by ce and α-tocopherol combined at different ratios were measured using three assays: 2,2'-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulphonic acid) diammonium salt (abts) radical-scavenging capacity, the β-carotene bleaching system and liposome peroxidation assays. fixed-fraction isobolographic analysis was used to detect any inducement of the ant ... | 2013 | 23411234 |
| homology modeling and docking studies on oxidosqualene cyclases associated with primary and secondary metabolism of centella asiatica. | centella asiatica is a well-known medicinal plant, produces large amount of triterpenoid saponins, collectively known as centelloids, with a wide-spectrum of pharmacological applications. various strategies have been developed for the production of plant secondary metabolites in cell and tissue cultures; one of these is modular metabolic engineering, in which one of the competitive metabolic pathways is selectively suppressed to channelize precursor molecules for the production of desired molecu ... | 2013 | 25247142 |
| use of a specific anti-stretch mark cream for preventing or reducing the severity of striae gravidarum. randomized, double-blind, controlled trial. | few studies have tested the efficacy of commercially available cosmetic products for preventing striae gravidarum. therefore, the objective of this study was to evaluate efficacy on prevention of striae gravidarum using a specific anti-stretch mark cream containing hydroxyprolisilane-c, rosehip oil, centella asiatica triterpenes and vitamin e. a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial was conducted between november 2009 and april 2011. pregnant women were included and classified as tr ... | 2013 | 23237514 |
| aqueous extract of centella asiatica promotes corneal epithelium wound healing in vitro. | centella asiatica is a traditional herbal medicine that has been shown to have pharmacological effect on skin wound healing, and could be potential therapeutic agent for corneal epithelial wound healing. | 2012 | 22301444 |
| asiatic acid protects primary neurons against c2-ceramide-induced apoptosis. | ceramides derived from sphingosine contribute to the apoptotic processes of neuronal cells in neurodegenerative disorders including alzheimer's disease. this study investigates the potential neuroprotective effects of asiatic acid, a triterpenoid derived from centella asiatica, against c(2)-ceramides-induced cell death in primary cultured rat cortical neuronal cells. in primary neurons, asiatic acid (0.01 to 1.0 μmol/l) reduced c(2)-ceramide-induced cell death and mitochondria membrane potential ... | 2012 | 22296759 |
| evaluation of amygdaloid neuronal dendritic arborization enhancing effect of centella asiatica (linn) fresh leaf extract in adult rats. | objective: centella asiatica (cea), a creeper, growing in moist places in india and other asian countries. leaves of cea are used for memory enhancement in ayurvedic system of medicine, an alternative system of medicine originated from india. in the present study, we have investigated the role of cea fresh leaf extract treatment on adult rats on dendritic morphology of amygdaloid neurons, one of the regions concerned with learning and memory. methods: adult rats (2.5-month old) were fed with 2, ... | 2012 | 23212568 |
| efficacy of asiatic acid, a pentacyclic triterpene on attenuating the key enzymes activities of carbohydrate metabolism in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. | asiatic acid (aa), a triterpenoid derivative of centella asiatica, has shown significant biological effects of antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities. aim of this investigation was to evaluate the antihyperglycemic effect of aa on the activities of hepatic enzymes of carbohydrate metabolism in streptozotocin (stz)-induced diabetic rats. to induce diabetes mellitus, rats were injected with streptozotocin intraperitoneally at a single dose of 40 mg/kg b.w. diabetic rats showed significant (p ... | 2013 | 23102509 |
| inhibitory effect of asiatic acid on acetylcholinesterase, excitatory post synaptic potential and locomotor activity. | the asiatic acid, a triterpenoids isolated from centella asiatica was used to delineate its inhibitory effect on acetylcholinesterase (ache) properties, excitatory post synaptic potential (epsp) and locomotor activity. this study is consistent with asiatic acid having an effect on ache, a selective gaba(b) receptor agonist and no sedative effect on locomotor. | 2012 | 22112723 |
| centella asiatica protects against uvb-induced hacat keratinocyte damage through microrna expression changes. | this study aimed to evaluate the protective effects of centella asiatica (c. asiatica) against ultraviolet b (uvb) damage in human keratinocytes using microrna (mirna) expression profiling analysis. titrated extract of c. asiatica (teca) demonstrated low cytotoxicity in normal human hacat keratinocytes only at low doses (<5 µg/ml). uvb (50 mj/cm2) irradiation significantly decreased cell viability, and teca treatment decreased the uvb toxicity. by using mirna microarrays, we determined that 72 m ... | 2012 | 23064234 |
| antipyretic and anti-inflammatory effects of asiaticoside in lipopolysaccharide-treated rat through up-regulation of heme oxygenase-1. | asiaticoside (as), a triterpenoid isolated from centella asiatica, has been found to exhibit antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities in several experimental animal models. however, the underlying mechanisms remain elusive. in this study, we provide experimental evidences that as dose-dependently inhibited lipopolysaccharide (lps)-induced fever and inflammatory response, including serum tumor necrosis factor (tnf)-α and interleukin (il)-6 production, liver myeloperoxidase (mpo) activity, bra ... | 2013 | 22972613 |
| titrated extract of centella asiatica provides a uvb protective effect by altering microrna expression profiles in human dermal fibroblasts. | the titrated extract of centella asiatica (teca) is a reconstituted mixture comprising of asiatic acid, madecassic acid, asiaticoside and madecassoside, and is used as a therapeutic agent in wound healing and also as an anti-microbial, anticancer and anti-aging agent. although these properties and the associated cell signaling pathways have been elucidated, the cellular mechanism of anti-photoaging upon ultraviolet (uv) exposure in normal human dermal fibroblasts (nhdfs) remains unknown. in this ... | 2012 | 22948173 |
| growth and asiaticoside production in multiple shoot cultures of a medicinal herb, centella asiatica (l.) urban, under the influence of nutrient manipulations. | growth and in vitro asiaticoside accumulation in multiple shoot cultures of centella asiatica (l.) urban was studied as a function of nutrient manipulations in the culture media. shoot cultures raised in liquid murashige and skoog medium supplemented with 2.5 mg/l kinetin attained a growth index (gi) of 6.06 along with the highest asiaticoside content of 3.8 mg/g dry weight on the 35th day of the culture cycle. the shoot growth and asiaticoside accumulation were found to be influenced by the rel ... | 2012 | 21947691 |
| a rapid one-step immunochromatographic assay for the detection of asiaticoside. | asiaticoside has been identified as the most active compound in centella asiatica. in order to screen a large number of plant samples for the presence of asiaticoside, a rapid and simple technique is required that utilizes small quantities for test samples. in this study, an immunochromatographic strip test has been developed for the detection of asiaticoside in plant samples that uses a monoclonal antibody against asiaticoside. the limit of detection for the strip test was 12.5 μg/ml. immunoass ... | 2012 | 21874622 |
| asiaticoside enhances normal human skin cell migration, attachment and growth in vitro wound healing model. | wound healing proceeds through a complex collaborative process involving many types of cells. keratinocytes and fibroblasts of epidermal and dermal layers of the skin play prominent roles in this process. asiaticoside, an active component of centella asiatica, is known for beneficial effects on keloid and hypertrophic scar. however, the effects of this compound on normal human skin cells are not well known. using in vitro systems, we observed the effects of asiaticoside on normal human skin cell ... | 2012 | 22939261 |
| centella asiatica in cosmetology. | centella asiatica known as gotu kola is a medicinal plant that has been used in folk medicine for hundreds of years as well as in scientifically oriented medicine. the active compounds include pentacyclic triterpenes, mainly asiaticoside, madecassoside, asiatic and madecassic acids. centella asiatica is effective in improving treatment of small wounds, hypertrophic wounds as well as burns, psoriasis and scleroderma. the mechanism of action involves promoting fibroblast proliferation and increasi ... | 2013 | 24278045 |
| wound repair and anti-inflammatory potential of essential oils from cones of pinaceae: preclinical experimental research in animal models. | ethnobotanical surveys revealed that abies bornmulleriana, abies cilicica, abies nordmanniana and cedrus libani have been used to promote wound healing in turkish folk medicine. four different fir species (abies cilicica subsp. cilicica, abies nordmanniana subsp. bornmulleriana, abies nordmanniana subsp. equi-trojani, and abies nordmanniana subsp. nordmanniana), cedrus libani and picea orientalis were assessed for their in vivo wound healing and anti-inflammatory activities. | 2011 | 21816214 |
| a liquid chromatography/electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometric method for quantification of asiatic acid from plasma: application to pharmacokinetic study in rats. | asiatic acid (aa), a pentacyclic triterpene from centella asiatica (l.) urban, has shown numerous therapeutic activities. however, none of the published works to date has used high-performance liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry (hplc/ms/ms) for determination of aa from biological fluids. therefore, the present paper describes a sensitive hplc/electrospray ionization (esi)-ms/ms method for quantification of aa in rat plasma. | 2012 | 22847688 |
| anxiolytic effects of standardized extract of centella asiatica (eca 233) after chronic immobilization stress in mice. | centella asiatica has long been used for various neurological disturbances in southeast asian countries. the present study aims to demonstrate the anxiolytic effect of eca 233, a standardized extract of c. asiatica containing triterpenoids not less than 80%, in comparison to diazepam. | 2012 | 22841896 |
| pharmacological review on centella asiatica: a potential herbal cure-all. | in recent times, focus on plant research has increased all over the world. centella asiatica is an important medicinal herb that is widely used in the orient and is becoming popular in the west. triterpenoid, saponins, the primary constituents of centella asiatica are manly believed to be responsible for its wide therapeutic actions. apart from wound healing, the herb is recommended for the treatment of various skin conditions such as leprosy, lupus, varicose ulcers, eczema, psoriasis, diarrhoea ... | 2010 | 21694984 |
| an investigation of arsenic contamination in peninsular malaysia based on centella asiatica and soil samples. | the first objective of this study was to provide data of arsenic (as) levels in peninsular malaysia based on soil samples and accumulation of as in centella asiatica collected from 12 sampling sites in peninsular malaysia. the second objective was to assess the accumulation of as in transplanted c. asiatica between control and semi-polluted or polluted sites. four sites were selected which were upm (clean site), balakong (semi-polluted site), seri kembangan (semi-polluted site) and juru (pollute ... | 2013 | 22821327 |
| wound healing activities of different extracts of centella asiatica in incision and burn wound models: an experimental animal study. | the efficacy of centella asiatica for incision and burn wounds are not fully understood. here, we report the wound healing activities of sequential hexane, ethyl acetate, methanol, and water extracts of centella asiatica in incision and partial-thickness burn wound models in rats. | 2012 | 22817824 |
| scientific basis of botanical medicine as alternative remedies for rheumatoid arthritis. | rheumatoid arthritis (ra) is a chronic, systemic autoimmune inflammatory disorder that causes permanent disability and mortality to approximately 1 to 100 people in the world. patients with ra not only suffer from pain, stiffness, swelling, and loss of function in their joints, but also have a higher risk of cardiovascular disease and lymphoma. typically prescribed medications, including pain-relieving drugs, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (nsaid), and disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs ... | 2013 | 22700248 |
| estimation of proximate composition, micronutrients and phytochemical compounds in traditional vegetables from andaman and nicobar islands. | in present study, 10 preferred traditional vegetables from andaman and nicobar islands, india, were analysed for nutritional profiles. moisture content in their edible parts ranged from 83.43 to 94.78%. maximum ash content was recorded in portulaca oleracea, crude protein in colocasia esculenta, crude fibre in eryngium foetidum and fat in e. foetidum. phosphorus was maximum in ipomea aquatica, potassium in c. esculenta, zinc, calcium and manganese in centella asiatica, copper in sauropus androgy ... | 2011 | 21615278 |
| improved in vitro and in vivo collagen biosynthesis by asiaticoside-loaded ultradeformable vesicles. | the potentiality of ultradeformable vesicles as a possible topical delivery system for asiaticoside, a natural compound obtained from centella asiatica was evaluated, because this compound exhibits collagen biosynthesis promoting activity. ultradeformable vesicles were prepared by the extrusion technique; these vesicles were composed of phospholipon 100 and different molar fractions of sodium cholate as the edge activator. the physicochemical properties of the ultradeformable vesicles were inves ... | 2012 | 22698941 |
| plectranthus amboinicus and centella asiatica cream for the treatment of diabetic foot ulcers. | effects of a topical cream containing p. amboinicus (lour.) spreng. (lamiaceae) and c. asiatica (l.) urban (umbelliferae) were evaluated and compared to effects of hydrocolloid fiber wound dressing for diabetic foot ulcers. a single-center, randomized, controlled, open-label study was conducted. twenty-four type 1 or type 2 diabetes patients aged 20 years or older with wagner grade 3 foot ulcers postsurgical debridement were enrolled between october 2008 and december 2009. twelve randomly assign ... | 2012 | 22693530 |
| gotu kola induced hepatotoxicity in a child - need for caution with alternative remedies. | | 2011 | 21334992 |
| combination of flavonoids with centella asiatica and melilotus for diabetic cystoid macular edema without macular thickening. | the purpose of this study was to evaluate the orally administered combination of flavonoids desmin and troxerutin with centella asiatica and melilotus for the treatment of diabetic cystoid macular edema (cme) without macular thickening. | 2011 | 21314440 |
| the efficacy and side effects of oral centella asiatica extract for wound healing promotion in diabetic wound patients. | to study clinical efficacy and side effects of the oral centella asiatica extract capsule in the diabetic wound healing. and to study the side effects of centella asiatica extract capsule. | 2010 | 21298840 |
| centella asiatica (l.) urban: from traditional medicine to modern medicine with neuroprotective potential. | this paper covers the studies relevant to neuroprotective activity of centella asiatica (l.) urban, also known as "gotu kola." the plant is native to the southeast asia and has been used traditionally as brain tonic in ayurvedic medicine. the neuroprotective effect of c. asiatica has been searched using the key words "centella, centella asiatica, gotu kola, asiatic pennywort, neuroprotection, and memory" through the electronic databases including sciencedirect, web of science, scopus, pubmed, an ... | 2012 | 22666298 |
| centella asiatica attenuates the neurobehavioral, neurochemical and histological changes in transient focal middle cerebral artery occlusion rats. | centella asiatica has been used as psychoactive and antioxidant herbal medicine since ancient time. the present study was design to evaluate the preventive role of ethanolic extract of c. asiatica in middle cerebral artery occlusion (mcao) in rats. male wistar rats were gavaged orally with c. asiatica extract (100, 200 and 300 mg/kg body weight once daily) for 21 days and thereafter subjected to right mcao for 2 h followed by 22-h reperfusion. brain injury was evaluated by 2,3,5-triphenyltetrazo ... | 2013 | 22864972 |
| asiaticoside induces type i collagen synthesis and osteogenic differentiation in human periodontal ligament cells. | asiaticoside, an active ingredient extracted from centella asiatica, has been widely used to promote wound healing. in this study, the effects of asiaticoside on proliferation, protein synthesis, and osteogenic differentiation in human periodontal ligament cells (hpdls) were investigated. hpdls were treated with asiaticoside at concentrations of 25, 50, and 100 µg/ml. cell number was determined by mtt assay. the mrna expression was analyzed by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction. wes ... | 2013 | 22628285 |
| interesting asian plants: their compounds and effects on electrophysiology and behaviour. | there have been numerous non-scientific reports on the behavioural effects of asian plants in humans who consumed these plants wholly or part thereof. knowledge passed from generation to generation informs us of plants that increase effort and stamina, such as during paddy planting after the ingestion of mitragyna speciosa korth (ketum) as a tea supplement. centella asiatica and myristica fragrans are used as herbs to improve memory and to treat epilepsy, respectively. zizyphus mauritiana is use ... | 2011 | 22589667 |
| centella asiatica extract improves behavioral deficits in a mouse model of alzheimer's disease: investigation of a possible mechanism of action. | centella asiatica (ca), commonly named gotu kola, is an ayurvedic herb used to enhance memory and nerve function. to investigate the potential use of ca in alzheimer's disease (ad), we examined the effects of a water extract of ca (gkw) in the tg2576 mouse, a murine model of ad with high β-amyloid burden. orally administered gkw attenuated β-amyloid-associated behavioral abnormalities in these mice. in vitro, gkw protected sh-sy5y cells and mc65 human neuroblastoma cells from toxicity induced by ... | 2012 | 22506133 |
| microsatellite markers isolated from the wild medicinal plant centella asiatica (apiaceae) from an enriched genomic library. | microsatellite markers for centella asiatica, an important medicinal herb, were developed and characterized to promote genetic and molecular studies. | 2012 | 22473979 |
| madecassoside suppresses migration of fibroblasts from keloids: involvement of p38 kinase and pi3k signaling pathways. | keloid is a specific skin scar that expands beyond the boundaries of the original injury as it heals. the invasive nature of keloid and notable migratory activity of fibroblasts are a hallmark, which distinguishes keloids from other common scars. madecassoside, a triterpenoid saponin occurring in centella asiatica herbs, possesses unique pharmacological properties to enhance wound-healing and diminish keloid formation. however, the effects of madecassoside on the formation of keloid scars have b ... | 2012 | 22360962 |
| evaluation of antioxidant activity of two important memory enhancing medicinal plants baccopa monnieri and centella asiatica. | free radicals or highly reactive oxygen species are capable of inducing oxidative damage to human body. antioxidants are the compounds which terminate the attack of reactive species and reduce the risk of diseases. both baccopa monnieri and centella asiatica are used in treatment of brain disorders in humans and have almost similar effects. | 2012 | 22345883 |
| the influence of certain taxonomic and environmental parameters on biomass production and triterpenoid content in the leaves of centella asiatica (l.) urb. from madagascar. | centella asiatica (apiaceae family; talapetraka in malagasy) is a tropical and subtropical plant with leaves containing glycotriterpenoids (asiaticosides) used in traditional and modern medicine. c. asiatica is collected exclusively in natural stands. it is madagascar's second most important indigenous plant export. the objective in this study is to provide data which will make it possible to optimize the harvest and thus effectively develop this resource. two foliar morphotypes were identified: ... | 2012 | 22344906 |
| ethnobotanical treatment strategies against alzheimer's disease. | ethnobotany encompasses the cultural uses of plants by humans, including their uses as medicines (ethnopharmacology). the reputed medicinal properties of plants have been documented for centuries in different cultures, and there are many plant species that have been traditionally used for memory disorders, which are now being explored to determine any scientific basis for their reputed uses. plants have been a valuable source of drugs, and phytochemicals have also provided templates to develop s ... | 2012 | 22329652 |
| teca (titrated extract of centella asiatica): new microcirculatory, biomolecular, and vascular application in preventive and clinical medicine. a status paper. | plant-derived elements used for pharmacological applications constitute an increasing research field. centella asiatica is widely used mainly as an extract (teca). triterpenic fractions, the primary constituents of centella asiatica, produce a wide range of preventive and therapeutic effects. the modulation of collagen production and deposition in wound healing is of primary importance. teca is also used to treat several microcirculatory problems, inflammatory skin conditions (leprosy, lupus, va ... | 2011 | 22108486 |
| sri lankan rice mixed meals: effect on glycaemic index and contribution to daily dietary fibre requirement. | the glycaemic index (gi) concept ranks starchy foods according to the blood glucose responses following ingestion. when considering commonly consumed sri lankan meals, only a few can be categorised as low gi. however, a significant negative correlation between the gi of sri lankan meals and fibre content has been observed indicating the potential to reduce the gi of meals by incorporating naturally occurring sources of fibre. thus, the objective of this study was to study the effect of increased ... | 2011 | 22135869 |
| discrimination of three pegaga (centella) varieties and determination of growth-lighting effects on metabolites content based on the chemometry of 1h nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. | the metabolites of three species of apiaceae, also known as pegaga, were analyzed utilizing (1)h nmr spectroscopy and multivariate data analysis. principal component analysis (pca) and hierarchical cluster analysis (hca) resolved the species, centella asiatica, hydrocotyle bonariensis, and hydrocotyle sibthorpioides, into three clusters. the saponins, asiaticoside and madecassoside, along with chlorogenic acids were the metabolites that contributed most to the separation. furthermore, the effect ... | 2012 | 22084897 |
| flavonoid and leaf gas exchange responses of centella asiatica to acute gamma irradiation and carbon dioxide enrichment under controlled environment conditions. | the study was couducted to investigate the effects of gamma irradiation and co₂ on flavonoid content and leaf gas exchange in c.asiatica. for flavonoid determination, the design was a split split plot based on randomized complete block design (rcbd). for other parameters, the designs were split plots. statistical tests revealed significant differences in flavonoid contents of centella asiatica leaves between different growth stages and various co₂ treatments. co₂ 400, g20 (400 = ambient co₂; g20 ... | 2011 | 22027950 |