| transconjugants of agrobacterium radiobacter harbouring sym genes of rhizobium galegae can form an effective symbiosis with medicago sativa. | it is known that the rhizobium galegae genomes contain megaplasmids. the suicide vector psup2111 with nifh gene of r. meliloti was introduced into the strains ciam 0703 and ciam 0711 of r. galegae inducing effective nodules on galega orientalis plants. the formation of self-transmissible megaplasmids was observed. the megaplasmid transfer into non-nodulating r. meliloti mutants resulted in partial complementation of the nodulation defect in recipient strains though only one transconjugant showed ... | 1992 | 1499987 |
| expression of rhizobium galegae common nod clones in various backgrounds. | the cosmid clone prg30, carrying common nodulation genes of rhizobium galegae hambi 1174, and prg33, a subclone of prg30 that contains a 5.7-kb clai insert carrying noddabc were conjugated into various rhizobium nod- mutant strains and into a ti plasmid-cured agrobacterium tumefaciens. complementation and expression of the nodabc genes of r. galegae were studied by following microscopically the infection process and the nodulation on different test plants. the nodabc genes of r. galegae compleme ... | 1991 | 1804401 |
| restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis of rhizobium galegae strains. | total dna of various rhizobium galegae strains representing different geographical origins, and taxonomic divergence was digested with three restriction enzymes separately, southern blotted, and hybridized with six heterologous probes. the sequence divergences for different pairwise comparisons were calculated from proportions of conserved hybridizing fragments. the unweighted pair group method was used to group the strains. the symbiotic common nod and nifhdk probes used were highly conserved a ... | 1989 | 2571610 |
| assessment of competitiveness of rhizobia infecting galega orientalis on the basis of plant yield, nodulation, and strain identification by antibiotic resistance and pcr. | competition between effective and ineffective rhizobium galegae strains nodulating galega orientalis was examined on the basis of plant growth, nodulation, antibiotic resistance, and pcr results. in a preliminary experiment in leonard's jars, ineffective r. galegae strains hambi 1207 and hambi 1209 competed in similar manners with the effective strain r. galegae hambi 1174. in a pot experiment, soil was inoculated with 0 to 10(5) hambi 1207 cells per g before g. orientalis was sown. seeds of g. ... | 1996 | 8593053 |
| rhizobium yanglingense sp. nov., isolated from arid and semi-arid regions in china. | a novel rhizobial group, cluster 9, defined in previous research [tan, z. y., wang, e. t., peng, g. x., zhu, m. e., martinez-romero, e. & chen, w. x. (1999). int j syst bacteriol 49, 1457-1469], was further characterized by determination of dna base composition, whole-cell protein sds-page analysis, dna-dna hybridization, 16s rrna gene sequencing and host specificity. these isolates were collected from the wild legumes amphicarpaea trisperma, coronilla varia and gueldenstaedtia multiflora growin ... | 2001 | 11411714 |
| description of two biovars in the rhizobium galegae species: biovar orientalis and biovar officinalis. | twenty-six rhizobium galegae strains, representing the center of origin of the host plants galega orientalis and g. officinalis as well as other geographic regions, were used in a polyphasic analysis of the relationships of r. galegae strains. phage typing, lipopolysaccharide (lps) profiling, pulsed field gel electrophoresis (pfge) profiling and rep-pcr (use of repetitive sequences as pcr primers for genomic fingerprinting) with rep and eric primers investigated nonsymbiotic properties, whereas ... | 2001 | 11518322 |
| aflp fingerprinting as a tool to study the genetic diversity of rhizobium galegae isolated from galega orientalis and galega officinalis. | aflp fingerprints of rhizobium galegae strains that infect galega orientalis and galega officinalis obtained from different geographical sources, and of taxonomically diverse rhizobia representing the recognized species, were generated. comparisons of the fingerprints from fluorescent labeled aflp products using capillary electrophoresis on abi prism 310, slab gel electrophoresis on abi prism 377 genetic analyzers and silver staining were in good agreement. all methods delineated the g. oriental ... | 2001 | 11566388 |
| relationship between bacteroid poly-beta-hydroxybutyrate accumulation and nodule functioning in the galega orientalis-rhizobium galegae symbiosis under diamine treatment. | exposure of galega orientalis plants to diamines putrescine (put) and cadaverine (cad) at concentrations from 0.01 to 2.0 mm significantly altered carbon and nitrogen metabolism in their root nodules. correlative studies of bacteroid poly-beta-hydroxybutyrate (phb) content and acetylene-reduction capacity of the nodules revealed a negative relationship between these parameters. utilisation of phb deposits by bacteroids and high acetylene reduction activity was observed when applying low diamine ... | 2002 | 11982931 |
| symbiotic and genetic diversity of rhizobium galegae isolates collected from the galega orientalis gene center in the caucasus. | this paper explores the relationship between the genetic diversity of rhizobia and the morphological diversity of their plant hosts. rhizobium galegae strains were isolated from nodules of wild galega orientalis and galega officinalis in the caucasus, the center of origin for g. orientalis. all 101 isolates were characterized by genomic amplified fragment length polymorphism fingerprinting and by pcr-restriction fragment length polymorphism (rflp) of the rrna intergenic spacer and of five parts ... | 2003 | 12571030 |
| activation of the noda promoter by the nodd genes of rhizobium galegae induced by synthetic flavonoids or galega orientalis root exudate. | rhizobial nodd genes produce transcriptional regulators that, together with appropriate inducer compounds, activate the other symbiotic nodulation (nod) genes and initiate the nodule formation process. two nodd homologues, nodd1 and nodd2, are present in the rhizobium galegae strain hambi 1174. in this work we analysed their ability to induce the noda promoter with synthetic inducers known to activate nod genes in other rhizobia. according to phylogenetic analysis, the inducer-specific carboxy-t ... | 2003 | 12620625 |
| "chitin-specific" peroxidases in plants. | the activity of various plant peroxidases and the ability of their individual isoforms to bind chitin was studied. some increase in peroxidase activity was observed in crude extracts in the presence of chitin. activated peroxidases of some species fell in the fraction not sorbed on chitin and those of other species can bind chitin. only anionic isoperoxidases from oat (avena sativa), rice (oryza sativa), horseradish (armoracia rusticana), garden radish (raphanus sativus var. radicula), peanut (a ... | 2003 | 12693984 |
| a novel family in medicago truncatula consisting of more than 300 nodule-specific genes coding for small, secreted polypeptides with conserved cysteine motifs. | transcriptome analysis of medicago truncatula nodules has led to the discovery of a gene family named ncr (nodule-specific cysteine rich) with more than 300 members. the encoded polypeptides were short (60-90 amino acids), carried a conserved signal peptide, and, except for a conserved cysteine motif, displayed otherwise extensive sequence divergence. family members were found in pea (pisum sativum), broad bean (vicia faba), white clover (trifolium repens), and galega orientalis but not in other ... | 2003 | 12746522 |
| evaluation of the galega-rhizobium galegae system for the bioremediation of oil-contaminated soil. | the bioremediation potential of a nitrogen-fixing leguminous plant, galega orientalis, and its microsymbiont rhizobium galegae was evaluated in btx (benzene, toluene, xylene)-contaminated soils in microcosm and mesocosm scale. to measure the intrinsic tolerance of the organisms to m-toluate, a model compound representing btx, g. orientalis and r. galegae were cultivated under increasing concentrations of m-toluate alone and in association with pseudomonas putida pwwo, a bacterial strain able to ... | 2000 | 15093001 |
| [contribution of lectin sugar-binding peptides structure determines specificity of rhizobium-legume symbiosis in galega orientalis and g. officinalis]. | a significant heterogeneity between bacteria rhizobium galegae bv. officinalis and r. galegae bv. orientalis forming the nitrogen-fixing symbiosis with galega officinalis and g. orientalis, respectively, and not forming any single cross-inoculation group, was found by means of rapd and rfel methods. the high level of sequence similiraty between lectins of these plants indicates at their close relationship. however the sequences of lectin sugar binding peptides (sbp) of g. orientalis (tycnpgwdprd ... | 2005 | 15773554 |
| genetic diversity of culturable bacteria in oil-contaminated rhizosphere of galega orientalis. | a collection of 50 indigenous meta-toluate tolerating bacteria isolated from oil-contaminated rhizosphere of galega orientalis on selective medium was characterized and identified by classical and molecular methods. 16s rdna partial sequencing showed the presence of five major lineages of the bacteria domain. gram-positive rhodococcus, bacillus and arthrobacter and gram-negative pseudomonas were the most abundant genera. only one-fifth of the strains that tolerated m-toluate also degraded m-tolu ... | 2006 | 16055251 |
| tol plasmid transfer during bacterial conjugation in vitro and rhizoremediation of oil compounds in vivo. | molecular profiling methods for horizontal transfer of aromatics-degrading plasmids were developed and applied during rhizoremediation in vivo and conjugations in vitro. pww0 was conjugated from pseudomonas to rhizobium. the xyle gene was detected both in rhizobium galegae bv. officinalis and bv. orientalis, but it was neither stably maintained in orientalis nor functional in officinalis. tol plasmids were a major group of catabolic plasmids among the bacterial strains isolated from the oil-cont ... | 2007 | 17000041 |
| persistence, population dynamics and competitiveness for nodulation of marker gene-tagged rhizobium galegae strains in field lysimeters in the boreal climatic zone. | abstract a non-indigenous wild-type strain rhizobium galegae hambi 540, which specifically nodulates perennial goat's rue (galega orientalis), and its marker gene-tagged derivatives r. galegae hambi 2363(luc), r. galegae hambi 2368(gusa21) and r. galegae hambi 2364(gusa30) were used to evaluate the persistence, population dynamics and competitiveness for nodulation of rhizobia under field conditions in finland. the lysimeters were filled with clean or diesel oil-polluted (3000 mug g(-1)) agricul ... | 2003 | 19719586 |
| ecological inference on bacterial succession using curve-based community fingerprint data analysis, demonstrated with rhizoremediation experiment. | nucleic acid-based community fingerprinting methods are valuable tools in microbial ecology, as they offer rapid and robust means to compare large series of replicates and references. to avoid the time-consuming and potentially subjective procedures of peak-based examination, we assessed the possibility to apply direct curve-based data analysis on community fingerprints produced with bacterial length heterogeneity pcr (lh-pcr). the dataset comprised 180 profiles from a 21-week rhizoremediation g ... | 2011 | 22066474 |
| galega orientalis is more diverse than galega officinalis in caucasus--whole-genome aflp analysis and phylogenetics of symbiosis-related genes. | legume plants can obtain combined nitrogen for their growth in an efficient way through symbiosis with specific bacteria. the symbiosis between rhizobium galegae and its host plant galega is an interesting case where the plant species g. orientalis and g. officinalis form effective, nitrogen-fixing, symbioses only with the appropriate rhizobial counterpart, r. galegae bv. orientalis and r. galegae bv. officinalis, respectively. the symbiotic properties of nitrogen-fixing rhizobia are well studie ... | 2011 | 21980996 |
| cloning of nodule-specific cdnas of galega orientalis. | differential display was applied in order to clone cdnas expressed exclusively or predominantly in nodules, compared to uninoculated root tissue of galega orientalis. forty-five fragments were unique for nodule rna. these fragments were reamplified and cloned. six of them produced a nodule-specific signal on northern hybridization. these six fragments were sequenced. five of the sequenced fragments showed homology to nodulin-gene sequences in databases, among them vicia faba mrna for protein sho ... | 2002 | 11975733 |
| [cloning and expression analysis of cu/znsod gene from galega orientalis l]. | sod is an important enzyme which exists in eukaryote extensively and plays an essential role in stress-tolerance of higher plants. a cdna of cu/znsod gene was cloned from galega orientalis l. using rapid amplification of cdna ends (race) method. the full-length of cdna sequence is 935 bp, included a 600 bp open reading frame which encoded a 199-amino-acid polypeptide. the molecular weight of this protein was 20.35 kda. the results of real-time pcr indicated that the expression level of cu/znsod ... | 2012 | 22306878 |
| overexpression of the galega orientalis gibberellin receptor improves biomass production in transgenic tobacco. | gibberellins (gas) are well-known phytohormones that contribute to a wide range of plant growth and development functions including stem elongation and leaf expansion. ga receptors perceive ga and transmit signals to activate ga-regulated reactions. in this study, a ga receptor gene with homology to other leguminous plants was isolated from galega orientalis and termed gogid. the 1732-bp full-length gogid gene included an open reading frame of 1035 bp encoding a peptide of 344 amino acids. seque ... | 2013 | 23995087 |
| genome sequence of ensifer arboris strain lmg 14919(t); a microsymbiont of the legume prosopis chilensis growing in kosti, sudan. | ensifer arboris lmg 14919(t) is an aerobic, motile, gram-negative, non-spore-forming rod that can exist as a soil saprophyte or as a legume microsymbiont of several species of legume trees. lmg 14919(t) was isolated in 1987 from a nodule recovered from the roots of the tree prosopis chilensis growing in kosti, sudan. lmg 14919(t) is highly effective at fixing nitrogen with p. chilensis (chilean mesquite) and acacia senegal (gum arabic tree or gum acacia). lmg 14919(t) does not nodulate the tree ... | 2014 | 25197433 |
| an aquaporin protein is associated with drought stress tolerance. | water channel proteins known as aquaporins (aqps) regulate the movement of water and other small molecules across plant vacuolar and plasma membranes; they are associated with plant tolerance of biotic and abiotic stresses. in this study, a pip type aqps gene, designated as gopip1, was cloned from galega orientalis, a high value leguminous forage crop. the gopip1 gene consists of an 870 bp open reading frame encoding a protein of 289 amino acids, and belongs to the pip1 subgroup of the pip subfa ... | 2015 | 25701792 |
| [the effect of cadmium on the efficiency of development of legume-rhizobium symbiosis]. | screening of nodule bacteria (rhizobia) forming symbiotic relationships with legumes has been performed in order to isolate strains resistant to cadmium ions in a wide range of concentrations (6-132 mg/kg). the effect ofcadmium salts (6, 12, 24 mg/kg) on the legume-rhizobium symbiosis ofthe pea pisum sativum l. with rhizobium leguminosarum and of the fodder galega galega orientalis lam. with rhizobium galegae has been studied under experimental laboratory conditions. no statistically significant ... | 2016 | 26638242 |
| specificity in legume-rhizobia symbioses. | most species in the leguminosae (legume family) can fix atmospheric nitrogen (n₂) via symbiotic bacteria (rhizobia) in root nodules. here, the literature on legume-rhizobia symbioses in field soils was reviewed and genotypically characterised rhizobia related to the taxonomy of the legumes from which they were isolated. the leguminosae was divided into three sub-families, the caesalpinioideae, mimosoideae and papilionoideae. bradyrhizobium spp. were the exclusive rhizobial symbionts of species i ... | 2017 | 28346361 |
| genomic features separating ten strains of neorhizobium galegae with different symbiotic phenotypes. | the symbiotic phenotype of neorhizobium galegae, with strains specifically fixing nitrogen with either galega orientalis or g. officinalis, has made it a target in research on determinants of host specificity in nitrogen fixation. the genomic differences between representative strains of the two symbiovars are, however, relatively small. this introduced a need for a dataset representing a larger bacterial population in order to make better conclusions on characteristics typical for a subset of t ... | 2015 | 25933608 |