| natural relationships among sulfate-reducing eubacteria. | phylogenetic relationships among 20 nonsporeforming and two endospore-forming species of sulfate-reducing eubacteria were inferred from comparative 16s rrna sequencing. all genera of mesophilic sulfate-reducing eubacteria except the new genus desulfomicrobium and the gliding desulfonema species were included. the sporeforming species desulfotomaculum ruminis and desulfotomaculum orientis were found to be gram-positive organisms sharing 83% 16s rrna sequence similarity, indicating that this genus ... | 1989 | 2480344 |
| sulfate-reducing bacteria and their activities in cyanobacterial mats of solar lake (sinai, egypt). | the sulfate-reducing bacteria within the surface layer of the hypersaline cyanobacterial mat of solar lake (sinai, egypt) were investigated with combined microbiological, molecular, and biogeochemical approaches. the diurnally oxic surface layer contained between 10(6) and 10(7) cultivable sulfate-reducing bacteria ml-1 and showed sulfate reduction rates between 1,000 and 2, 200 nmol ml-1 day-1, both in the same range as and sometimes higher than those in anaerobic deeper mat layers. in the oxic ... | 1998 | 9687455 |
| isolation and characterization of a sulfate-reducing bacterium that anaerobically degrades alkanes. | an alkane-degrading, sulfate-reducing bacterial strain, ak-01, was isolated from an estuarine sediment with a history of chronic petroleum contamination. the bacterium is a short, nonmotile, non-spore-forming, gram-negative rod. it is mesophilic and grows optimally at ph 6.9 to 7.0 and at an nacl concentration of 1%. formate, fatty acids (c4 to c16) and hydrogen were readily utilized as electron donors. sulfate, sulfite, and thiosulfate were used as electron acceptors, but sulfur, nitrite, and n ... | 1999 | 10388691 |
| unexpected population distribution in a microbial mat community: sulfate-reducing bacteria localized to the highly oxic chemocline in contrast to a eukaryotic preference for anoxia. | the distribution and abundance of sulfate-reducing bacteria (srb) and eukaryotes within the upper 4 mm of a hypersaline cyanobacterial mat community were characterized at high resolution with group-specific hybridization probes to quantify 16s rrna extracted from 100-microm depth intervals. this revealed a preferential localization of srb within the region defined by the oxygen chemocline. among the different groups of srb quantified, including members of the provisional families "desulfovibrion ... | 1999 | 10508103 |
| diversity of sulfate-reducing bacteria in oxic and anoxic regions of a microbial mat characterized by comparative analysis of dissimilatory sulfite reductase genes. | sequence analysis of genes encoding dissimilatory sulfite reductase (dsr) was used to identify sulfate-reducing bacteria in a hypersaline microbial mat and to evaluate their distribution in relation to levels of oxygen. the most highly diverse dsr sequences, most related to those of the desulfonema-like organisms within the delta-proteobacteria, were recovered from oxic regions of the mat. this observation extends those of previous studies by us and others associating desulfonema-like organisms ... | 1999 | 10508104 |
| physiology, phylogenetic relationships, and ecology of filamentous sulfate-reducing bacteria (genus desulfonema) | microscopy of organic-rich, sulfidic sediment samples of marine and freshwater origin revealed filamentous, multicellular microorganisms with gliding motility. many of these neither contained sulfur droplets such as the beggiatoa species nor exhibited the autofluorescence of the chlorophyll-containing cyanobacteria. a frequently observed morphological type of filamentous microorganism was enriched under anoxic conditions in the dark with isobutyrate plus sulfate. two strains of filamentous, glid ... | 1999 | 10525735 |
| development of oligonucleotide probes and pcr primers for detecting phylogenetic subgroups of sulfate-reducing bacteria. | pcr primer sets for the 16s rrna gene of six phylogenetic groups of sulfate-reducing bacteria (srb) were designed. their application in conjunction with group-specific internal oligonucleotide probes was used to detect srb dna in samples of landfill leachate. six generic/suprageneric groups could be differentiated: desulfotomaculum:; desulfobulbus:; desulfobacterium:; desulfobacter:; desulfococcus:-desulfonema:-desulfosarcina:; desulfovibrio:-desulfomicrobium: the predicted specificities of the ... | 2000 | 10878133 |
| transition from anaerobic to aerobic growth conditions for the sulfate-reducing bacterium desulfovibrio oxyclinae results in flocculation. | a chemostat culture of the sulfate-reducing bacterium desulfovibrio oxyclinae isolated from the oxic layer of a hypersaline cyanobacterial mat was grown anaerobically and then subjected to gassing with 1% oxygen, both at a dilution rate of 0.05 h(-1). the sulfate reduction rate under anaerobic conditions was 370 nmol of so(4)(2-) mg of protein(-1) min(-1). at the onset of aerobic gassing, sulfate reduction decreased by 40%, although viable cell numbers did not decrease. after 42 h, the sulfate r ... | 2000 | 11055956 |
| biogeochemical and molecular signatures of anaerobic methane oxidation in a marine sediment. | anaerobic methane oxidation was investigated in 6-m-long cores of marine sediment from aarhus bay, denmark. measured concentration profiles for methane and sulfate, as well as in situ rates determined with isotope tracers, indicated that there was a narrow zone of anaerobic methane oxidation about 150 cm below the sediment surface. methane could account for 52% of the electron donor requirement for the peak sulfate reduction rate detected in the sulfate-methane transition zone. molecular signatu ... | 2001 | 11282617 |
| structure and diversity of gram-negative sulfate-reducing bacteria on rice roots. | specific pcr assays were used to amplify the 16s rrna genes of the desulfobacteriaceae and the desulfovibrionaceae from extracted environmental dna from rice roots. 16s rdna-based community patterns of the desulfobacteriaceae were generated via terminal restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis from rice roots and compared with bulk soil. the molecular fingerprints showed no significant difference between rice roots and bulk soil, but changes during the vegetation period. 16s rdna clone ... | 2001 | 11451522 |
| desulfomusa hansenii gen. nov., sp. nov., a novel marine propionate-degrading, sulfate-reducing bacterium isolated from zostera marina roots. | the physiology and phylogeny of a novel sulfate-reducing bacterium, isolated from surface-sterilized roots of the marine macrophyte zostera marina, are presented. the strain, designated p1t, was enriched and isolated in defined oxygen-free, bicarbonate-buffered, iron-reduced seawater medium with propionate as sole carbon source and electron donor and sulfate as electron acceptor. strain p1t had a rod-shaped, slightly curved cell morphology and was motile by means of a single polar flagellum. cel ... | 2001 | 11760947 |
| oligonucleotide microarray for 16s rrna gene-based detection of all recognized lineages of sulfate-reducing prokaryotes in the environment. | for cultivation-independent detection of sulfate-reducing prokaryotes (srps) an oligonucleotide microarray consisting of 132 16s rrna gene-targeted oligonucleotide probes (18-mers) having hierarchical and parallel (identical) specificity for the detection of all known lineages of sulfate-reducing prokaryotes (srp-phylochip) was designed and subsequently evaluated with 41 suitable pure cultures of srps. the applicability of srp-phylochip for diversity screening of srps in environmental and clinic ... | 2002 | 12324358 |
| sulfate-reducing bacterial community structure and their contribution to carbon mineralization in a wastewater biofilm growing under microaerophilic conditions. | the community structure of sulfate-reducing bacteria (srb) and the contribution of srb to carbon mineralization in a wastewater biofilm growing under microaerophilic conditions were investigated by combining molecular techniques, molybdate inhibition batch experiments, and microelectrode measurements. a 16s rdna clone library of bacteria populations was constructed from the biofilm sample. the 102 clones analyzed were grouped into 53 operational taxonomic units (otus), where the clone distributi ... | 2003 | 12879306 |
| bacterial diversity and sulfur cycling in a mesophilic sulfide-rich spring. | an artesian sulfide- and sulfur-rich spring in southwestern oklahoma is shown to sustain an extremely rich and diverse microbial community. laboratory incubations and autoradiography studies indicated that active sulfur cycling is occurring in the abundant microbial mats at zodletone spring. anoxygenic phototrophic bacteria oxidize sulfide to sulfate, which is reduced by sulfate-reducing bacterial populations. the microbial community at zodletone spring was analyzed by cloning and sequencing 16s ... | 2003 | 12957951 |
| characterization of the marine propionate-degrading, sulfate-reducing bacterium desulfofaba fastidiosa sp. nov. and reclassification of desulfomusa hansenii as desulfofaba hansenii comb. nov. | a rod-shaped, slightly curved sulfate reducer, designated strain p2(t), was isolated from the sulfate-methane transition zone of a marine sediment. cells were motile by means of a single polar flagellum. the strain reduced sulfate, thiosulfate and sulfite to sulfide and used propionate, lactate and 1-propanol as electron donors. strain p2(t) also grew by fermentation of lactate. propionate was oxidized incompletely to acetate and co(2). the dna g+c content was 48.8 mol%. sequence analysis of the ... | 2004 | 15023950 |
| polyhydroxyalkanoate (pha) accumulation in sulfate-reducing bacteria and identification of a class iii pha synthase (phaec) in desulfococcus multivorans. | seven strains of sulfate-reducing bacteria (srb) were tested for the accumulation of polyhydroxyalkanoates (phas). during growth with benzoate desulfonema magnum accumulated large amounts of poly(3-hydroxybutyrate) [poly(3hb)]. desulfosarcina variabilis (during growth with benzoate), desulfobotulus sapovorans (during growth with caproate), and desulfobacterium autotrophicum (during growth with caproate) accumulated poly(3hb) that accounted for 20 to 43% of cell dry matter. desulfobotulus sapovor ... | 2004 | 15294771 |
| anaerobic biodegradation of tce in laboratory columns of fractured saprolite. | an experiment was conducted to determine if biodegradation of trichloroethylene (tce) can occur in previously uncontaminated ground water in saturated fractured saprolite (highly weathered material derived from sedimentary rocks). two undisturbed columns (0.23 m diameter by 0.25 m long) of fractured saprolite were collected from approximately 2 m depth at an uncontaminated site on the oak ridge reservation, oak ridge, tennessee. natural, uncontaminated ground water from the site, which was degas ... | 2004 | 15318776 |
| nested pcr-denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis approach to determine the diversity of sulfate-reducing bacteria in complex microbial communities. | here, we describe a three-step nested-pcr-denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (dgge) strategy to detect sulfate-reducing bacteria (srb) in complex microbial communities from industrial bioreactors. in the first step, the nearly complete 16s rrna gene was amplified using bacterial primers. subsequently, this product was used as a template in a second pcr with group-specific srb primers. a third round of amplification was conducted to obtain fragments suitable for dgge. the largest number of b ... | 2005 | 15870318 |
| exposure to sulfide causes populations shifts in sulfate-reducing consortia. | the shift in the community structure of a mixed culture of sulfate-reducing bacteria (srb) at 0.5, 0.75, 1, and 1.5 kg m(-3) sulfide loadings was investigated in an anaerobic continuous bioreactor used for treatment of sulfate-containing wastewater by fluorescence in situ hybridization (fish), using srb species-specific and group-specific 16s rrna-targeting probes. hybridization analysis using these 16s rrna-targeted oligonucleotide probes revealed that sulfide was toxic for desulfonema, desulfo ... | 2006 | 16814989 |
| a study of the relative dominance of selected anaerobic sulfate-reducing bacteria in a continuous bioreactor by fluorescence in situ hybridization. | the diversity and the community structure of sulfate-reducing bacteria (srb) in an anaerobic continuous bioreactor used for treatment of a sulfate-containing wastewater were investigated by fluorescence in situ hybridization. hybridization to the 16s rrna probe eub338 for the domain bacteria was performed, followed by a nonsense probe non338 as a control for nonspecific staining. sulfate-reducing consortia were identified by using five nominally genus-specific probes (srb129 for desulfobacter, s ... | 2007 | 16941240 |
| alkane biodegradation and dynamics of phylogenetic subgroups of sulfate-reducing bacteria in an anoxic coastal marine sediment artificially contaminated with oil. | for 503 days, unoiled control and artificially oiled sediments were incubated in situ at 20m water depth in a mediterranean coastal area. degradation of the aliphatic fraction of the oil added was followed by gc-ms. at the same time, terminal restriction fragment length polymorphism (t-rflp) of 16s rrna encoding genes was used to detect dynamics in the sulfate-reducing bacteria (srb) community in response to the oil contamination. specific polymerase chain reaction (pcr) primer sets for five gen ... | 2007 | 17337033 |
| molecular analysis of the spatio-temporal distribution of sulfate-reducing bacteria (srb) in camargue (france) hypersaline microbial mat. | the spatio-temporal distribution of sulfate-reducing bacteria (srb) in the microbial mat of camargue (salins-de-giraud, france) was investigated by molecular approaches at both microscale spatial resolution and different taxonomic organization levels. the vertical distribution of the srb populations was correlated with oxygen and sulfide microgradient fluctuations. comparisons of terminal restriction fragment length polymorphism (t-rflp) fingerprints showed distinct locations of some operational ... | 2008 | 17952491 |
| inorganic carbon fixation by sulfate-reducing bacteria in the black sea water column. | the black sea is the largest anoxic water basin on earth and its stratified water column comprises an upper oxic, middle suboxic and a lower permanently anoxic, sulfidic zone. the abundance of sulfate-reducing bacteria (srb) in water samples was determined by quantifying the copy number of the dsra gene coding for the alpha subunit of the dissimilatory (bi)sulfite reductase using real-time polymerase chain reaction. the dsra gene was detected throughout the whole suboxic and anoxic zones. the ma ... | 2007 | 17991030 |
| diversity of sulfate-reducing genes (dsrab) in sediments from puget sound. | the aims of this study were to characterize the population structure and diversity of sulfate-reducing bacteria (srb) from three distinct sites at puget sound, and relate the biogeochemical properties of the sediments to the sulfate-reducer communities. the population composition and diversity of sulfate-reducing bacteria carrying dsrab genes from surface puget sound sediments was investigated using a polymerase chain reaction-based cloning approach. sediment cores were collected from three diff ... | 2008 | 18942577 |
| filamentous bacteria inhabiting the sheaths of marine thioploca spp. on the chilean continental shelf. | a new component of the benthic thioploca mat microbial ecosystem on the chilean continental shelf was detected by epifluorescence microscopy: filamentous, bacterial endobionts of 4-5-mum filament diameter and length sometimes exceeding 1 mm. these filaments were identified as growing within thioploca sheaths located between the sediment surface and c. 5 cm depth. their location coincided with maximal biomass and biovolume of thioploca filaments in surficial sediments, and with maximal abundance ... | 2009 | 19573198 |
| sulfate-reducing bacteria in a denitrification reactor packed with wood as a carbon source. | a denitrification reactor packed with wood as a carbon source was operated using synthetic inorganic wastewater. the maximum denitrification rate was 62.4 g-no(3)(-)/m(3)/day at hrt of 24 h. the nitrate removal continued after 1500 days. the denitrification efficiency was assumed to enhance sulfur denitrification via wood degradation by sulfate reduction. the achieved sulfate reduction rate was 468 mg-so(4)(2-)/kg-dry weight wood/day after 419 days of operation. the sulfate reduction rate in the ... | 2010 | 21071213 |