Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year(sorted ascending) Filter | PMID Filter |
|---|
| reproduction and ontogeny in tree-shrews (tupaia belangeri), with reference to their general behavior and taxonomic relationships. | 1968 | 5710022 | |
| reproduction and ontogeny in tree-shrews (tupaia belangeri), with reference to the general behaviour and taxonomic relationships. | 1968 | 4878088 | |
| implantation, early placentation, and the chronology of embryogenesis in tupaia belangeri. | 1973 | 4798750 | |
| breeding tupaias (tupaia belangeri) in captivity. | 1973 | 4779673 | |
| the myoglobin of primates. vi. tupaia glis belangeri (common treeshrew). | 1974 | 4605302 | |
| a cage for the successful maintenance of tree shrews (tupaia belangeri) in captivity. | 1974 | 4217057 | |
| [determination of the number of cells with multiple nucleoli in histological sections (author's transl)]. | a method has been described for correction of a bias, when cells with more than one nucleolus are counted by counting their nucleoli. the true numbers of cells and nucleoli per cell can be estimated by a system of linear equations, with coefficients depending on the thickness of the histological specimen, the average nuclear diameter and the probabilities of nuclear slices, which one gets by cutting a cell nucleus with a certain number of nucleoli. the presuppositions for this method have been d ... | 1975 | 1207486 |
| [qualitative and quantitative study on ontogenesis of nucleus nervi hypoglossi in male tupaia belangeri]. | the change of the number of neurons, of the freshvolume, of the density of neurons, of the relative volume (freshvolume of hypoglossal nucleus/freshvolume of the whole brain) and of the length of the hypoglossal nucleus of 30 male tupaia belangeri aged 36 to 388 days of ontogenesis has been studied using the logistic function (see article) for increasing values and the exponential function (see article) for decreasing values. the number of neurons is decreasing at 36 days of ontogenesis from 570 ... | 1975 | 814159 |
| [growth parameters of brain and its regions in the albino mouse, tupaia belangeri and spf-cat]. | 1975 | 132797 | |
| semiautomatic morphometric analysis of the nucleolar development in the nucl. n. oculomotorii of tupaia belangeri during ontogenesis. | the development during ontogenesis of the nuclear and nucleolar diameters and of the numbers of nucleoli per nucleus in the nucl. n. oculomotorii of 32 male tupaia belangeri are described. the measurements of the nucleolar diameters were done automatically using the micro-videomat (zeiss, oberkochen). increase of the nuclear and nucleolar diameters yielded a nearly sigmoid-shaped curve, which was fitted using the logistic growth function. the "ideal" value of the nucleolar diameter is 3.7 mum wi ... | 1976 | 817619 |
| [morphometrical analysis of development of area striata in tupaia belangeri]. | 1976 | 1023583 | |
| [heart innervation of tupaia belangeri]. | 1976 | 828809 | |
| [biometrical fresh volume analysis of nucleus caudatus, putamen and globus pallidus in an ontogenic series of tupaia belangeri]. | the fresh volumes of the nucl. caudatus (including the nucl. accumbens septi), putamen, globus pallidus and of the whole brain of 37 male tupaia belangeri aged between 36-536 days of ontogenesis have been determined. the growth of these nuclear regions is described by the logistic function. the parameters were approximated by means of an iterative procedure by the least square method. the "ideal" volume of the globus pallidus is 9,6 mm3, of the striatum 113 mm3, and of the whole brain 3 260 mm3. ... | 1976 | 823256 |
| ultrastructural identification of a new cell type--the n-cell as the source of neurotensin in the gut mucosa. | the neurotensin-cell is identified immunohistochemically and ultrastructurally by differential counting of endocrine cells in the gut of a primate (tupaia belangeri). utilizing light microscopy, the ec-cells are identified by the masson-fontana silver stain; with the same method the neurotensin cells are not stained. the other endocrine cells have been quantified in the small intestine using the peroxidase-antiperoxidase stain with antisera against glucagon, somatostatin, cholecystokinin, gastri ... | 1977 | 338160 |
| studies on the juxtaglomerular apparatus. v. the juxtaglomerular apparatus in tupaia with special reference to intercellular contacts. | the vascular pole of the juxtaglomerular apparatus in tupaia belangeri was studied with special reference to the intercellular contacts of the periendothelial cells and the endothelium of the vas afferens. the periendothelial cells of the vascular pole of the glomerulum are connected by numerous gap junctions; and the granulated epithelial cells are suggested to form a functional unit. probably there is a continuity of this system throughout the entire vascular pole including (1) all granulated ... | 1977 | 402211 |
| ultrastructural and immunohistochemical demonstration of pancreatic polypeptide-containing f-cells in the stomach and pancreas of tupaia belangeri. | the gastro-entero-pancreatic (gep) system in tupaia belangeri contains a specific cell which reacts with antisera to pancreatic polypeptide (pp). the cells are scattered between exocrine pancreatic cells and also found in the pancreatic islets. furthermore, they are also located in the fundic glands and to a very small extent in the corpus mucosa and in the glands of the upper duodenum. the cell reacting with antisera against pp is identified as the f-cell which has a specific ultrastructure esp ... | 1977 | 402215 |
| [results of quantitative-microscopic studies of the morphology of the visual system of tupaia belangeri during ontogenesis]. | 1977 | 611706 | |
| [quantitative microscopic morphology of the motor brain regions during ontogenesis of tupaia belangeri and spf-cats]. | 1977 | 611705 | |
| relationship of glucagon-somatostatin and gastrin-somatostatin cells in the stomach of the monkey. | the stomach of the monkey tupaia belangeri was investigated by serial sections utilizing the indirect immunoperoxidase reaction to demonstrate the distribution of glucagon, gastrin and somatostatin immunoreactive cells. a striking topographical distribution was found. glucagon and somatostatin immunoreactive cells were located in the upper parts, whereas gastrin and somatostatin immunoreactive cells were situated in the lower parts of the stomach. the remaining regions of the stomach did not con ... | 1977 | 319903 |
| experimental infection of tupaia belangeri (tree shrews) with herpes simplex virus types 1 and 2. | the susceptibility of tupaia belangeri (tree shrews, which are primitive prosimian primates) to infection with herpes simplex virus (hsv) and the pathogenesis of hsv in these animals were investigated. juvenile (28--45 days old) and adult (150 days old) animals were inoculated intravenously, intraperitoneally, or subcutaneously with hsv type 1 or 2 (25--10(5) plaque-forming units per animal). clinical illness usually appeared in juvenile animals on the second day after inoculation, and the anima ... | 1978 | 204709 |
| further evidence of tubular blockage after acute ischemic renal failure in tupaia belangeri and rats. | 1978 | 153643 | |
| [quantitative demonstration of cytoarchitectural areas in the cortex of tupaia belangeri and spf-cats]. | 1978 | 371188 | |
| [qualitative and quantitative examinations of the corpus mamillare in the ontogenesis of male tupaia belangeri and spf cats]. | the cyto-, myelo- and fibrilloarchitectonics of the corpus mamillare were described in 33 male tupaia belangeri at an age of 36 to 536 days of ontogenesis and in 37 male spf-cats at an age of 39 to 584 days of ontogenesis. the fresh volumes of the nucl. medialis and the nucl. lateralis corporis mamillaris of tupaia belangeri were determined and the growth of their fresh volumes described with the 6-parametric growth-function likewise, the nuclei of spf-cat were determined and these data were ana ... | 1978 | 113454 |
| a quantitative approach to cytoarchiterctonics. ii. the allocortex of tupaia belangeri. | fourteen allocortical areas of tupaia belangeri are described after measuring the grey level index (zilles et al., 1978b) with a new, automatic, high resolution measuring procedure. the laminar pattern of the cortical areas is quantitatively described after vertical changes in this index occurred from the pial surface to the white matter. the registered profiles show characteristic features for the different allocortical brain regions. the results are compared with lamination systems gained by c ... | 1978 | 101095 |
| [quantitative aspects of the ontogenic development of the visual regions of the brain]. | quantitative light-microscopic studies on the ontogenetic development of 11 visual brain regions of tupaia belangeri were done. the fresh volumes of the visual brain regions showed a heterochronical and heterotypical development. brain regions with overshooting or monotonously increasing growth could be found using computer calculations of logistic curves. studies on the development of the number of nerve cells and glial cells showed an overshooting growth of the nerve cell quantity and a monoto ... | 1978 | 620964 |
| a quantitative approach to cytoarchitectonics. i. the areal pattern of the cortex of tupaia belangeri. | the cortical map of tupaia belangeri, evaluated with an automatic quantitative procedure using the micro-videomat (zeiss), shows a well differentiated allocortex and periallocortex with 19 areas, and proisocortex and isocortex with 20 areas. the boundaries of the different areas are based on quantitative differences and the areal pattern of the cortex is, in most cases, compatible with physiological results found in the literature. tupaia belangeri has a cortex which is largely dominated by prim ... | 1978 | 677471 |
| the functions of prefrontal cortex in the tree shrew (tupaia belangeri). | 1978 | 416886 | |
| [qualitative and quantitative examinations of the nucleus motorius n. trigemini in ontogenetic series of male spf cats and tupaia belangeri]. | the nucl. motorius n. trigemini is qualitatively evaluated in tupaia belangeri and spf-cats with cyto-, myelo- and fibrilloarchitectonis methods. the criteria for demarcating the nucl. motorius n. trigemini are also described. the quantitative evaluation was performed on ontogenetic series of 35 male tupaia belangeri and 47 male spf-cats. the growth of the fresh volume is described with the logistic growth function: y = (formula: see text) the nucl. motorius n. trigemini has bilaterally an ideal ... | 1979 | 546981 |
| acute renal failure in tupaia belangeri and rats. | acute renal failure in man can best be simulated in model experiments by using either temporary occlusion of the renal artery or perfusions of noradrenaline into the renal artery. the kidney of the tupaia belangeri, a primitive primate, is more resistant to temporary occlusion of the renal artery than of the rat. in tupaia as in rats, anuria developing 48 hours after temporary ischemia is brought about by intratubular proteinaceous casts blocking the flow of urinary filtrate, most likely at henl ... | 1979 | 497047 |
| junctions between interstitial cells of the renal medulla: a freeze-fracture study. | cell junctions between interstitial cells of the renal medulla were studied in freeze-fracture replicas of kidneys from rat, rabbit, hamster and the tree-shrew tupaia belangeri. in all species studied a composite type of intercellular junction was found comprising elements of tight junctions and irregular gap junctions of highly variable size and shape. the number of these junctions increased towards the tip of the papilla. our findings suggest that the composite junctions observed play a role i ... | 1979 | 574802 |
| studies on the juxtaglomerular apparatus. vi. sympathetic innervation, catecholamines and the renin-angiotensin-system in rats and tree-shrews (tupaia belangeri). | it has previously been reported that the primitive primate tupaia belangeri develops a renal failure when exposed to psychosocial stress. in order to learn if this high susceptibility to stress of the tupaia kidney can be correlated with morphological and functional parameters of the juxtaglomerular apparatus (jga) and the renin-angiotension system, comparative experiments were performed on tupaia and rat. our results reveal an outstandingly high potency of the jga and the renin-angiotensin syst ... | 1980 | 7006824 |
| the tight junctions of renal tubules in the cortex and outer medulla. a quantitative study of the kidneys of six species. | quantitative aspects of tight junction morphology were systematically studied in the cortical and outer medullary segments of the distal urinary tubules of rat, hamster, rabbit, cat, dog and the primitive primate tupaia belangeri. only minor differences in junctional architecture were found between straight and convoluted portions of the distal tubule. in contrast, the collecting duct in cortex and outer medulla, in all species, exhibits the most elaborate tight junctions observed along the urin ... | 1980 | 7459986 |
| [ontogenesis of facial muscles in primates]. | 1. the development of facial muscles is studied in embryos of tupaia belangeri, tupaia javanica, nycticebus coucang, galago dimidovii, tarsius bancanus, callithrix jacchus, colobus badius, colobus verus, nasalis larvatus, and homo sapiens. 2. the facial muscles derive from a superficial blastema (anlage of platysma myoides) and another blastema laying beneath the first one (anlage of sphincter colli muscle). both blastemas grow out from mesenchymal cells of the head after the anlagen of all othe ... | 1980 | 7215749 |
| experimental infection and the state of viral latency of adult tupaia with herpes simplex virus type 1 and 2 and infection of juvenile tupaia with temperature-sensitive mutants of hsv type 2. | the susceptibility of adult tupaia belangeri to infection with herpes simplex virus (hvs) was investigated. adult animals were inoculated intraperitoneally with hsv type 1 or 2. with the exception of hsv-2, strain hg-52, 10(5)--10(6) pfu of all hsv strains caused lethal infection irrespective of the age of the animals. infections hsv was recovered from the spinal cord of those animals which had survived infection with a low dose of virus. the dna of the recovered viruses was compared to the dna ... | 1980 | 6251787 |
| connections of the mediodorsal nucleus of the thalamus in the tree shrew. ii. efferent connections. | [35s]methionine was injected into the mediodorsal nucleus of the thalamus of 5 adult tree shrews (tupaia belangeri) and into the medioventral thalamic nucleus in another tree shrew. three animals survived for 44 h and three others for two weeks (including the animal with the injection in the medioventral nucleus). contact autoradiograms were made on an x-ray film. the mediodorsal thalamic nucleus was found to project ipsilaterally to all surfaces of the frontal pole of the cerebral cortex. no ot ... | 1980 | 7052510 |
| the distribution of neurohypophyseal peptides in the brain of the tree shrew (tupaia belangeri). | 1981 | 7227886 | |
| a10 lesion and passive avoidance latency: correlation with limbic tyrosine-hydroxylase-activity. | experiments were carried out with female tree-shrews (tupaia belangeri). following 6-hydroxydopamine injections into the ventral tegmental area, considerable variations in tyrosine-hydroxylase activity in the respective target regions of the a10 area occurred. depletion of the thy-activity in the septum (se), the entorhinal cortex (eco), the frontal cortex and the basal ganglia correlated with an impairment in the performance of a passive avoidance task (indicated by testing 24 hours postshock). ... | 1982 | 6126891 |
| anatomy and function of the reproductive tract in the captive male tree shrew (tupaia belangeri). | the reproductive anatomy of the male tree shrew (tupaia belangeri) was examined and compared with other tupaiidae. the testes are located prepenially in a pigmented scrotum which is fused to the base of a pendulous penis. the terminal portion of the vas deferens is differentiated into an ampullary gland and joins the duct of the seminal vesicle to form a short ejaculatory duct. the prostate is a compact bilateral body drained by a main collecting duct. in the aggregate, these features indicate t ... | 1982 | 7066453 |
| distribution and retention of 239pu in the tree shrew (tupaia belangeri) following intramuscular injection. | the retention of intramuscularly injected monomeric 239pu has been studied in the tree shrew (tupaia belangeri), a primitive prosimian species. data for the first 2 yr are presented. resorption from the injection site is rapid, and the main depository organs are skeleton and liver with approximately 50 and 20% of the absorbed dose, respectively. the half life of retention in skeleton is approximately 500-600 days and in liver approximately 150 days, these half lives are compared to data for the ... | 1982 | 7129879 |
| [experimental studies on the infection of an adult tree shrew (tupaia belangeri yunalis) with human rotavirus]. | 1982 | 6293669 | |
| experimental infection of adult tupaia belangeri yunalis with human rotavirus. | 1983 | 6303715 | |
| tupaia (tree shrew) adenovirus dna: sequence of the left-hand fragment corresponding to the transforming early region of human adenoviruses. | the nucleotide sequence of the left-hand region of the adenovirus dna of the phylogenetically interesting tree shrew, (tupaia belangeri) has been determined. transcription signals, initiation codons, splice sites and termination codons were assigned on the basis of its relatedness to the eia region of human adenoviruses 5, 7 and 12. a consensus sequence for encapsidation of adenoviral dna that is based on the established packaging region of adenovirus 16 is proposed. the sequenced region include ... | 1983 | 6321152 |
| rod receptors in the retina of tupaia belangeri. | the retina of tupaia belangeri was studied by transmission electron microscopy. - among a vast majority of cones a few typical rods have been found as a distinctly different class of photoreceptors. the outer segments of the rods measure 10 microns x 1.5 microns versus 6 microns x 2 microns in the cones. the repeating unit of the rod discs is 18 nm versus 22 nm in the cone discs. rod discs tend to lose their continuity with the ciliary membrane, while cone discs do not. rods lack the highly spec ... | 1983 | 6881545 |
| [preliminary observation on the susceptibility of tupaia belangeri chinensis to malaria parasites]. | 1984 | 6518646 | |
| influence of stress on adrenocortical function in the male tree shrew (tupaia belangeri). | adrenocortical function in the tree shrew (tupaia belangeri) was evaluated by reference to levels of individual corticosteroids as an initial phase in the clarification of the hormonal mechanisms by which stress influences male reproductive function. corticosteroids were separated with sephadex lh-20 chromatography and measured by specific radioimmunoassay procedures. corticosterone was the principal corticosteroid in the peripheral plasma and in unstressed animals the ratio corticosterone:corti ... | 1984 | 6088359 |
| distribution of plutonium-239 in the skeleton of the tree shrew (tupaia belangeri) during the first 15 months after injection. | the macroscopic and microscopic distribution of intramuscularly injected, essentially monomeric 239pu, was studied in the tree shrew (tupaia belangeri). data for the first 15 months after injection are presented. about 50 per cent of the absorbed dose is deposited in the skeleton. the microscopic distribution was analysed in femora, humeri, tibiae and lumbar vertebrae. the initial bone surface activity is about 11 bq/cm2 per 37 kbq/kg injected dose (related to a bone uptake of 50 per cent) and i ... | 1984 | 6607232 |
| myoendothelial contacts in glomerular arterioles and in renal interlobular arteries of rat, mouse and tupaia belangeri. | cell contacts between elements of the tunica media and the intima in the afferent and efferent glomerular arteriole and in the interlobular artery were studied and evaluated semiquantitatively in thin sections of rat and mouse kidney. in the afferent arterioles, including their juxtaglomerular portion, contacts were seen between endothelial and smooth muscle cells, and between endothelial and granulated (renin producing) cells. the form of these musculo-endothelial contacts varied from simple ap ... | 1984 | 6705035 |
| treatment of rotavirus infection in tree shrews (tupaia belangeri yunalis) with herbal valeriana jatamansi (vj). | 1984 | 6570506 | |
| detection of glucagon in pancreatic a-cells by monoclonal antibodies. | the production of a mouse monoclonal antibody from a hybrid myeloma and its use for the detection of glucagon in tissue sections is reported. the hybrid clone isolated after fusion of mouse myeloma cells with hyperimmune spleen cells from a mouse previously immunized with porcine glucagon allowed us a standardized and permanent source of monoclonal antibodies in a culture cell system. the monoclonal antibody (3 gl 31) specifically reacts with pancreatic a-cells in several species including pig, ... | 1985 | 3891694 |
| temporal relationship between noradrenaline release in the central amygdala and plasma noradrenaline secretion in rats and tree shrews. | in pentobarbital anesthetized wistar rats and tree shrews (tupaia belangeri) the hypothalamus, the hippocampus and the amygdala were simultaneously superfused through push-pull cannulae with artificial cerebrospinal fluid. blood samples were withdrawn in order to make an attempt to correlate release rates of noradrenaline (na), adrenaline and dopamine in the above-mentioned areas with plasma catecholamine levels. a strong, positive correlation was found between na release in central amygdala and ... | 1985 | 3991076 |
| cardiodilatin-immunoreactive neurons in the hypothalamus of tupaia. | using various region specific antibodies raised against partial sequences of synthetic cardiodilatin (cdd) we detected immunoreactive neurons with their perikarya in the nucleus periventricularis of tupaia belangeri. the fibers could be traced laterally directed towards the amygdaloid complex and some varicosities were also observed in the lateral parts of the nucleus periventricularis. it is postulated that brain cdd represents a new neuropeptide and that these cdd-ir neurons are involved in sp ... | 1985 | 3839983 |
| interhemispheric connections of cortical sensory areas in tree shrews. | interhemispheric connections were studied in tree shrews (tupaia belangeri) after multiple injections of horseradish peroxidase or horseradish peroxidase conjugated to wheat germ agglutinin into the cortex of one cerebral hemisphere. after an appropriate survival period, the areal pattern of connections was revealed by flattening the other hemisphere, cutting sections parallel to the cortical surface, and staining with tetramethylbenzidine. architectonic boundaries were identified by using secti ... | 1985 | 3989001 |
| [ontogeny and morphology of the round window and aqueduct of cochlea in tupaia and other mammals]. | studied the morphogenesis of the fenestra rotunda and of the aquaeductus cochleae in a series of 23 dated embryos and postnatal stages of tupaia belangeri. the ontogeny of the fenestra rotunda is the result of the caudal growth of the processus recessus (de beer 1937). the processus arises from the caudal ridge of the floor of the cochlear part of the otic capsule. on the 28th d of ontogeny (the gestation period of tupaia belangeri is 43 d), it is fused with the lateral edge of the parachordal p ... | 1985 | 4007452 |
| on and off regions in layer iv of striate cortex. | in vertical penetrations through the striate cortex in the tree shrew (tupaia belangeri), we found regions where neural activity was evoked predominantly by light on. these were followed by regions where responses were evoked predominantly by light off. histological reconstructions indicated that the on regions were correlated with layer iva and the off regions were correlated with layer ivb. local application of cobalt chloride produced a transient cessation of visually evoked activity, suggest ... | 1985 | 2985176 |
| laminar asymmetry in the distribution of choline acetyltransferase-immunoreactive neurons in the retina of the tree shrew (tupaia belangeri). | cholinergic neurons in the retina of the tree shrew were identified immunocytochemically using a monoclonal antibody directed against choline acetyltransferase (chat). the chief result is that roughly 4 times as many chat-immunoreactive neurons are found in the inner nuclear layer (inl) as in the ganglion cell layer (gcl). in the inl, two classes of cholinergic neuron can be distinguished on the basis of soma size, one large and one small. the large neurons correspond closely in size and number ... | 1986 | 3548881 |
| urinary signaling pheromone and specific behavioral response in tree shrews (tupaia belangeri) : i. basic investigations for a bioassay. | as soon as they encounter the scent marks made by the urine of fertile male conspecifics, tree shrews of both sexes cover the scent marks with their own sternal-gland secretion by "chinning." the urine of other species, female conspecifics, or castrated male conspecifics does not elicit this behavior; that is, overmarking with sternal-gland secretion is a reaction to a specific chemical signal. the intensity of the overmarking reaction, i.e., the chinning score in response to the urine sample, d ... | 1986 | 24306400 |
| spectral mechanisms and color vision in the tree shrew (tupaia belangeri). | the retina of the tree shrew (tupaia belangeri) is heavily cone dominated, rods comprising less than 4% of the total photoreceptors. spectral mechanisms and color vision were investigated in this species in both behavioral and electrophysiological experiments. in confirmation of an earlier investigation, the tree shrew was found to have a clear spectral neutral point (at ca 505 nm) and is thus a dichromat. spectral sensitivity functions determined in an increment threshold discrimination task sh ... | 1986 | 3716222 |
| laminar organization of on and off regions and ocular dominance in the striate cortex of the tree shrew (tupaia belangeri). | the organization of on and off responses and ocular dominance in the striate cortex of the tree shrew was electrophysiologically investigated by using flashed, stationary visual stimuli presented monocularly to either the ipsilateral or contralateral eye. we measured cortical multi-unit activity at 25-micron intervals with glass-insulated platinum-plated tungsten microelectrodes. penetrations were made perpendicular to the cortical layers and the responses were quantitatively analyzed in layers ... | 1986 | 3760256 |
| binding sites of atrial natriuretic peptide in tree shrew adrenal gland. | adrenal gland binding sites for atrial natriuretic peptide-(99-126) (anp) were quantitated in tree shrew (tupaia belangeri) by incubation of adrenal sections with (3-[125i]-iodotyrosyl28) atrial natriuretic peptide-(99-126), followed by autoradiography with computerized microdensitometry. in the adrenal glands, there are three types of anp binding sites. one is located in the zona glomerulosa (bmax 84 +/- 6 fmol/mg protein; kd 122 +/- 9 pm); the second in the zona fasciculata and reticularis (bm ... | 1986 | 3025827 |
| co-localization of xenopsin and gastrin immunoreactivity in gastric antral g-cells. | studies indicating evidence for the presence of the amphibian octapeptide xenopsin in gastric mucosa of mammals prompted us to investigate the cellular localization of this peptide. using the peroxidase-antiperoxidase method and a specific antiserum to xenopsin (xen-7) on paraffin and adjacent semithin sections of gastric antral mucosa from man, dog, and tupaia belangeri, we found numerous epithelial cells showing a specific positive immunoreaction. these cells were of typical pyramidal shape an ... | 1986 | 3528076 |
| establishment of lung fibroblastic cell lines from a non-human primate tupaia belangeri and their use in a forward gene mutation assay at the hypoxanthine-guanine phosphoribosyl transferase locus. | the cells obtained from a lung of a new-born male tupaia belangeri were maintained in mass culture for greater than 400 days. after 55 population doubling levels (100 days in culture), three cell lines were separately established; these lines showed constant growth properties. one line, designated as t-23, was used for a mutation assay. the t-23 cells showed an absolute plating efficiency of 30-50%, and a population doubling time of 18-19 h in dulbecco's modified eagle's medium containing 10% fe ... | 1986 | 3331674 |
| the early development of the heart of tupaia belangeri, with reference to other mammals. | the development of the heart of tupaia belangeri from the first endothelial-lined lumina to the cardiac loop is described in 20 embryos with 2 to 14 somites, from ontogenetic days 11 and 12. bilateral endocardial tubes transporting blood are found in the 8-somite embryo; in the middle cardiac plate, angioblasts and angiocysts are located between them. in the 9-somite embryo, formation of the cardiac loop has started, the endocardial tubes approach each other closely, most of the angiocysts have ... | 1987 | 3605650 |
| distribution of 239pu in the skeleton of the tree shrew (tupaia belangeri) between 15 and 50 months after injection. | the macroscopic and microscopic distribution of intramuscularly injected, essentially monomeric, 239pu was studied in the skeleton of the adult tree shrew (tupaia belangeri). data for the period between 15 and 50 months after injection are presented and compared with the data from earlier time points. between 83 and 500 days after injection the nuclide content and the wet weight of the skeleton decreased to a constant level at about 55 per cent of the maximum values. the microscopic distribution ... | 1987 | 3495513 |
| atrial natriuretic peptide detected by immunocytochemistry in peripheral organs of tupaia belangeri. | anp (atrial natriuretic peptide), a peptide found in granules of mammalian atrial cardiac myocytes, has been shown to be active in regulation of blood pressure and body water homeostasis. the existence of anp in atrium, pituitary, adrenal gland, and kidney of the rat had been immunocytochemically demonstrated with an antibody against rat anp (102-126). we used the same antibody in immunocytochemical studies for the detection of anp in peripheral organs of the tree shrew (tupaia belangeri). the a ... | 1987 | 2953699 |
| structure and postnatal development of photoreceptors and their synapses in the retina of the tree shrew (tupaia belangeri). | the "all cone" retina of the tree shrew (tupaia belangeri) was examined in the adult and early postnatal stages by light and electron microscopy. rods are not as rare as previously thought, but make up about 4% of the photoreceptors. they are relatively short and narrow cells, which stain (toluidine blue) more intensively and lie more proximal than cones. among the cones three morphological varieties could be distinguished. most cones stain lightly but have a light or a dark giant mitochondrion ... | 1987 | 3815482 |
| classes of neurons in relation to the laminar organization of the lateral geniculate nucleus in the tree shrew, tupaia belangeri. | we used the rapid golgi and horseradish peroxidase (hrp) techniques to study the dendritic spread of relay neurons in functionally distinct laminae of the tree shrew dorsal lateral geniculate nucleus (lgnd). on the basis of their dendritic spread in relation to laminar and interlaminar zones, we describe three classes of relay neurons. unilaminar neurons with multipolar radiate, bitufted, and intermediate types of dendrites. dendrites of these neurons are confined to one lamina only, but also ca ... | 1987 | 3584555 |
| terminations of individual optic tract fibers in the lateral geniculate nuclei of galago crassicaudatus and tupaia belangeri. | the morphology and laminar distribution of individual optic fibers projecting to the lateral geniculate nucleus (gl) of galago and tupaia were studied following iontophoretic injections of horseradish peroxidase (hrp) into the optic tract. in galago the gl is composed of three functionally matched pairs of layers, each characterized by cells of a given size, one large, one medium-sized, and one small. the results show that there is a close correspondence between the size of the afferent fibers a ... | 1987 | 3819039 |
| postnatal differentiation of the gametogenic and endocrine functions of the testis in the tree-shrew (tupaia belangeri). | testicular development was studied in tupaia belangeri (tree-shrew) from birth to sexual maturity. at birth the seminiferous cords contained peripheral supporting cells and centrally located gonocytes. large foetal leydig cells were prominent in the interstitium. the mitotic index of the gonocytes was low at birth and rose to peak levels at day 20, following the regression of the foetal generation of leydig cells, and during the nadir in circulating testosterone concentrations. mitotic activity ... | 1987 | 3690645 |
| growth and reproductive development in the male tree shrew (tupaia belangeri) from birth to sexual maturity. | the growth and reproductive development of the male tree shrew were studied from birth to sexual maturity. an infantile phase from birth to day 30 was characterized by the rapid involution of the testis and adrenal gland from a fetal condition followed by a nadir in testosterone levels and slow growth and differentiation of the testis and accessory sex organs. the initiation of puberty occurred collaterally with the emergence of the young from the nest and was marked by a sharp rise in testoster ... | 1987 | 3676384 |
| tupaiataenia quentini (schmidt & file, 1977) in tupaia belangeri (wagner, 1841): transmission experiments and praziquantel treatment. | tupaiataenia quentini was found in many tupaia belangeri from a closed colony in west germany. 1.25 mg praziquantel per animal proved to be efficient for deworming. direct transmission experiments to non-parasitized tree shrews from another colony failed. | 1987 | 3560859 |
| [measuring the spontaneous activity of tree shrews (tupaia belangeri) with passive infrared detectors]. | 1988 | 3188681 | |
| 1d-micro-slab-page of urinary proteins of tree shrews (tupaia belangeri). a tool for non-invasive physiological studies. | 1988 | 3400356 | |
| histochemical localization of cytochrome oxidase activity in the visual system of the tree shrew:normal patterns and the effect of retinal impulse blockage. | the tree shrew tupaia belangeri has three functional pathways (on-center, off-center, and w-like cells) that arise in the retina and proceed through separate lgn laminae to separate cortical targets. to determine whether these pathways have consistent differences in activity, cytochrome oxidase (c.o.) patterns were examined in the retina, lgn, and striate cortex. in six normal tree shrews the outer and inner plexiform layers of the retina were highly reactive for c.o. a pale, vascularized cleft ... | 1988 | 2843584 |
| volitional oral intake of nicotine in tupaias: drug-induced alterations. | non-deprived, unstressed tree shrews (tupaia belangeri) preferred nicotine solution (10 mg/l nicotine tartrate) over water in a free-choice situation. this drug-taking behaviour was stable over 14 months. several drugs, most of which known to attenuate ethanol consumption in other species, in doses that did not alter locomotive behavior, significantly reduced the volitional nicotine intake in tupaias. | 1988 | 3262051 |
| the early development of the epicardium in tupaia belangeri. | development of the epicardium was studied in embryos of tupaia belangeri from the 13th to 15th day of ontogeny. the greater part of the epithelium of the epicardium does not differentiate locally from the myoepicardium (cardiac splanchnopleure, splanchnic mesoderm), but rather from the coelomic epithelium of the septum transversum. the myoepicardium of the future atria and ventricles differentiates into myocardial cells only. on ontogenetic day 13, bulbar protrusions (the "villi" of kurkiewicz 1 ... | 1988 | 3354840 |
| the corticosterone receptive system in the brain of tupaia belangeri visualized by in vivo autoradiography. | the present investigation deals with in vivo binding of 3h-corticosterone in the brains of tree shrews as visualized by autoradiography. tree shrews were injected with 3h-corticosterone and brain sections were mounted on slides which were subsequently exposed on tritium sensitive film. the relative labeling of 20 different brain structures was determined densitometrically. the indusium griseum, which demonstrated the highest binding for corticosterone of all brain regions in the autoradiograms, ... | 1988 | 3224651 |
| development of acetylcholinesterase activity in the lateral geniculate nucleus. | the pattern of acetylcholinesterase activity in the tree shrew (tupaia belangeri) lateral geniculate nucleus (lgn) undergoes a number of striking changes during postnatal development. the adult tree shrew lgn is made up of six cellular layers divided by relatively cell-free interlaminar zones. at birth, however, the nucleus appears unlaminated when processed with conventional nissl-staining techniques. the cellular lamination appears during the first postnatal week. the eyes open much later, typ ... | 1988 | 3220976 |
| malignant leydig cell tumour in a tupaia belangeri: case report and literature review of male genital tumours in non-human primates. | after a short summary of the few reported tumours of the male genital system in non-human primates, a malignant leydig cell tumour is described in an adult male tupaia belangeri. the tumour had metastasized in the omentum probably by haematogenous spread enabled by the peculiar perivascular growth pattern of the tumour cells. its differential diagnosis versus seminomas and sertoli cell tumours is discussed. | 1988 | 3292834 |
| laminar organization and ultrastructure of gaba-immunoreactive neurons and processes in the dorsal lateral geniculate nucleus of the tree shrew (tupaia belangeri). | the distribution and ultrastructure of neurons and neuropil labeled by an antiserum to gamma-aminobutyric acid (gaba) were examined in the lateral geniculate nucleus (lgn) of the tree shrew (tupaia belangeri). the lgn of this species segregates center type and cell class into three distinct pairs of laminae: a medial pair (laminae 1 and 2) containing on-center cells, a more lateral pair (4, 5) containing off-center cells, and 2 laminae (3, 6) containing w-like cells. the relationship between thi ... | 1988 | 3154795 |
| callosal projections between areas 17 in the adult tree shrew (tupaia belangeri). | in the primary visual cortex (area 17) of the tree shrew (tupaia belangeri) neurons projecting to the contralateral area 17 via the corpus callosum were identified by horseradish peroxidase histochemistry (hrp, wga-hrp). the distribution of homotopic and heterotopic connections was studied. we found that a narrow stripe of area 17 close to the dorsal area 17/18 border - which corresponds to the visual field along the vertical meridian - is connected via homotopic callosal projections. the adjace ... | 1988 | 2466679 |
| histaminergic system in the tree shrew brain. | this study mapped the histamine-immunoreactive neuronal system in the brain of the tree shrew (tupaia belangeri) and compared its structure with that of the rat and guinea pig. the histamine-containing cell bodies lay in the posterior ventral hypothalamus in the tuberomammillary complex, as in the rodents. the morphology of this complex resembled that of the rat. the histaminergic axons projected to nearly all parts of the brain. the main ascending bundle ran ventromedially: the densest innervat ... | 1989 | 2768560 |
| effects of bicuculline on signal detectability in lateral geniculate nucleus relay cells. | the lateral geniculate nucleus conveys the center-surround organized retinal receptive fields to the cortex in a way that does not significantly alter their spatial structure. however, non-retinal influences may change the 'strength' (detectability) of the signal under conditions of anesthesia, arousal and attention. a previous analysis of receiver operating characteristic curves in cat suggests that a reduction in signal detectability occurs in lateral geniculate nucleus (lgn) relay cells in an ... | 1989 | 2743129 |
| characterization of prostaglandin e2 binding to uterine membranes from baboon, rabbit and tree shrew (tupaia belangeri). | membrane preparations (100,000 g pellet) of rabbit, baboon and tree shrew (tupaia belangeri) uteri were studied for binding of [3h]prostaglandin e2 ([3h]pge2). unbound [3h]pge2 was separated by filtration through whatman gf/f filters. non-specific binding was determined by the amount of radioactivity associated with the filters in the presence of a 100-fold excess of radioinert pge2. pge2 bound to membranes could be displaced by some other prostaglandin (pg) molecules: pge1, 16,16-dimethyl-pge2, ... | 1989 | 2742743 |
| [an experimental observation on the calmative and antiepileptic effects of a new synthetic drug sc1001-aminum intupaias]. | in this experiment, the calmative and anti-epileptic effects of sc1001a were observed in fifty-five tupaias (tupaia belangeri yunalis), both male and female, were divided into four groups. the animals of the first group were perfused with sc1001a (400mg/kg) into their stomach. the animals of the second group were injected with coriaria lactone (5mg/kg, i.m.) for inducing seizures. the remaining two groups received sc1001a 100 and 400 mg/kg respectively by the same way as that of the first group, ... | 1989 | 2793136 |
| otacariasis in tree shrews (tupaia belangeri) caused by criokeron quintus. | 1989 | 2918693 | |
| urinary immunoreactive androgen levels during sexual development in the male tree-shrew (tupaia belangeri). | 1. immunoreactive androgens were measured in the urine of individual male tree-shrews throughout post-natal development. 2. urinary androgens were low during the infantile phase and then rose significantly between the 36-45 and 46-55 day age groups, in association with the onset of pubertal development. 3. androgen excretion increased linearly during the pubertal period in parallel with the progressive development of the testes and reproductive tract. 4. the precise endocrine correlates establis ... | 1989 | 2566415 |
| vimentin: changes in distribution during brain development. | this paper examines both the anatomical changes in the distribution of vimentin intermediate filament protein and the biochemical changes in vimentin and its degradative enzyme during postnatal brain development in the tree shrew (tupaia belangeri). a pattern of multiple immunoreactive bands at birth (postnatal day 0, or p0) was revealed in nitrocellulose blots of polyacrylamide gels ("western blots"). these multiple bands gradually disappear during development, and in the adult a single band at ... | 1989 | 2523339 |
| [the ontogenesis of the manubrium sterni in tupaia belangeri]. | the morphogenesis of the manubrium sterni was studied in a series of dated embryos of tupaia belangeri. in addition to the sternal bands, the "paired suprasternal anlage" takes part in the shaping of the manubrium sterni as reported by klima (1968) for other mammals. it forms skeletal elements that mediate between the clavicle and the manubrium: the sternocalvicular ligament and the paired prominence on the dorsal surface of the manubrium, which underlies the clavicles. the paired prominence cor ... | 1990 | 2387495 |
| the two-oscillator circadian system of tree shrews (tupaia belangeri) and its response to light and dark pulses. | the wheel-running activity rhythm of tree shrews (tupaias; tupaia belangeri) housed in constant darkness (dd) phase-advanced following a 3-hr light pulse at circadian time (ct) 21. dark pulses of 3 hr presented to tupaias in bright constant light (ll) did not induce significant phase shifts of the free-running activity rhythm, irrespective of the ct. in dim ll, tupaias showed simultaneous splitting of their circadian rhythm of wheel-running activity, nest-box activity, and feeding behavior. ligh ... | 1990 | 2133115 |
| [the morphogenesis of the scapula of tupaia belangeri]. | the therian scapula was until now thought to show very primitive features during early morphogenesis, as are found in the scapula of adult monotremes (elevated position of the scapula, lack of a spina and a fossa supraspinata, laterally directed cavitas glenoidalis). a morphogenetic study of the scapula of tupaia belangeri has proved some of these assumptions to be wrong. the scapula undergoes a tilting which shifts its angulus articularis cranially, but no descent of the scapula could be found. ... | 1990 | 2099313 |
| reciprocal heterotopic callosal connections between the two striate areas in tupaia. | wga-hrp injections were placed into area 17 close to the border with area 18 of tupaia belangeri in order to study the callosal connections of the striate area in this animal. most callosal neurons were found in the striate cortex (57.6-86.9%), some in the extrastriate area 18 (10.6-28.1%), and a few in even more temporal regions (2.5-14.3%). concerning only the area 17, reciprocal homotopic connections could be observed as a strip along the area 17/18 border. additionally, heterotopic callosal ... | 1990 | 1704846 |
| the monoptychic glands of the jugulo-sternal scent gland field of tupaia: a tem and sem study. | the monoptychic 'apocrine' scent glands of the sternal region of two adult male tupaia belangeri were studied by transmission and scanning electron microscopy, in order to assess the modes of release of their secretory products. in segments of the secretory tubules with a narrow lumen the epithelial cells are columnar and are firmly connected to each other by desmosomes and junctional complexes. myoepithelial cells are interspersed between the secretory epithelium and the basement membrane. the ... | 1990 | 2272906 |
| psychosocial stress affects pineal function in the tree shrew (tupaia belangeri). | using a recently developed commercially available radioimmunoassay the concentration of the principal melatonin metabolite 6-sulfatoxymelatonin (amt6s) in the morning urine of male tree shrews was determined. chronic social confrontation elicited a drastic increase of amt6s excretion in subordinate tree shrews, whereas there was a tendency to reduced excretion of the melatonin metabolite in dominant animals. these results substantiate the function of the pineal gland in transforming stimuli from ... | 1990 | 2385644 |
| [effects of simulated space rhythm (l:d = 0.75h:0.75h) on circadian rhythm in tree shrews (tupaia belangeri chinensis)]. | it is known that contemporary space station revolves at the altitude of 400-500 km in the outer space. the present study was undertaken to investigate the effects of simulated space rhythm (l:d = 0.75 h:0.75 h) at this altitude on circadian rhythm in tree shrews (tupaia belangeri chinensis) and the effects of endogenous sleep inducing neuropeptide asp5-alpha-dsip on the space-rhythm-entrained circadian rhythm. this primitive stock serves as one species of tupaiidae and is a unique native of sout ... | 1990 | 2278004 |
| [trbc receptor on t lymphocytes of human and macaque and its ligand are different from e2 molecule and ligands for cd2]. | cd2 (e receptor, lfa-3 receptor) and e2 molecules (bernard, 1988) on human t lymphocytes, cd58 (lfa-3, lymphocyte function associated antigen 3) on human erythrocytes and s14,s42,s110-220 molecules (bernard, 1987) of sheep erythrocytes are involved in rosette formation of human t lymphocytes with human or sheep erythrocytes. rosette formation of human and macaque pan-t lymphocytes with tree shrew (tupaia belangeri) red blood cells (trbc) (trbc rosette) has shown different physicochemical propert ... | 1990 | 1708938 |
| development of the lateral geniculate nucleus: interactions between retinal afferent, cytoarchitectonic, and glial cell process lamination in ferrets and tree shrews. | we have studied the relationship of retinal afferents, glial cell processes, and neuronal cytoarchitectonics in the lateral geniculate nucleus (lgn) of two species: tree shrews (tupaia belangeri) and ferrets (mustela putoris). both species are relatively immature at birth, allowing the development of these features to be studied in the perinatal period. retinal afferents, visualized by intraocular injection of a wheat germ agglutinin/horseradish peroxidase conjugate (wga-hrp), are apparently the ... | 1990 | 1698826 |
| preliminary observations on experimental leprosy in tupaias (tupaia belangeri yunalis). | the tupaia belangeri yunalis (tree shrew) is one of the primitive primates. they were inoculated subcutaneously in the footpad or intravenously with mycobacterium leprae from a patient with multibacillary leprosy. as controls, the footpads of cfw mice were inoculated with the same suspension of m. leprae. the results showed growth of acid-fast bacilli (afb) in the footpads of locally inoculated cfw mice and in the footpads of both locally and intravenously inoculated tupaias. whereas the numbers ... | 1990 | 2181220 |
| visual pigments of the tree shrew (tupaia belangeri) and greater galago (galago crassicaudatus): a microspectrophotometric investigation. | optical density, linear dichroism and bleaching difference spectra were measured in photoreceptors from the cone-dominated retina of the tree shrew (tupaia belangeri) and from the rod-dominated retina of the greater galago (galago crassicaudatus) using a single-beam, wavelength-scanning, dichroic microspectrophotometer. in tupaia, we obtained spectral records from 272 cone receptors (from 10 eyes), of which 264 were long-wave sensitive (lambda max = 555 +/- 6 nm) and 8 were short-wave sensitive ... | 1990 | 2385925 |
| morphological characterization of human juxtaglomerular apparatus. | the recent demonstration of the endothelial fenestration at the juxtaglomerular part of the afferent arteriole facing mesangial and granular cells and finger-like protrusions of urinary space into the region of the lacis in experimental animals like the rat, the mouse, and tupaia belangeri led us to propose the hypothesis of a "short loop" feedback mechanism. to establish whether a further species possesses these morphological features, the jga region was examined in the human kidney. tissue was ... | 1991 | 1881061 |
| rod bipolar cells in the cone-dominated retina of the tree shrew tupaia belangeri. | the tree shrew has a cone-dominated retina with a rod proportion of 5%, in contrast to the common mammalian pattern of rod-dominated retinae. as a first step to elucidate the rod pathway in the tree shrew retina, we have demonstrated the presence of rod bipolar cells and studied their morphology and distribution by light and electron microscopy. rod bipolar cells were labeled with an antiserum against the protein kinase c (pkc), a phosphorylating enzyme. intense pkc immunoreactivity was found in ... | 1991 | 1883767 |