Publications

TitleAbstractYear
Filter
PMID
Filter
comparative pathogenesis of alkhumra hemorrhagic fever and kyasanur forest disease viruses in a mouse model.kyasanur forest disease virus (kfdv) and alkhumra hemorrhagic fever virus (ahfv) are genetically closely-related, tick-borne flaviviruses that cause severe, often fatal disease in humans. flaviviruses in the tick-borne encephalitis (tbe) complex typically cause neurological disease in humans whereas patients infected with kfdv and ahfv predominately present with hemorrhagic fever. a small animal model for kfdv and ahfv to study the pathogenesis and evaluate countermeasures has been lacking mostl ...201424922308
on the transmission pattern of kyasanur forest disease (kfd) in india.kyasanur forest disease (kfd), a tick-borne viral hemorrhagic fever, is endemic in five districts of karnataka state, india. recent reports of the spread of disease to neighboring districts of the western ghats, namely chamarajanagar district in karnataka, nilgiri district in tamil nadu, wayanad and malappuram districts in kerala, and pali village in goa are a cause for concern. besides vaccination of the affected population, establishing an event-based surveillance system for monkey deaths in t ...201526286631
population viscosity suppresses disease emergence by preserving local herd immunity.animal reservoirs for infectious diseases pose ongoing risks to human populations. in this theory of zoonoses, the introduction event that starts an epidemic is assumed to be independent of all preceding events. however, introductions are often concentrated in communities that bridge the ecological interfaces between reservoirs and the general population. in this paper, we explore how the risks of disease emergence are altered by the aggregation of introduction events within bridge communities. ...025339728
comprehensive multiplex one-step real-time taqman qrt-pcr assays for detection and quantification of hemorrhagic fever viruses.viral hemorrhagic fevers (vhfs) are a group of animal and human illnesses that are mostly caused by several distinct families of viruses including bunyaviruses, flaviviruses, filoviruses and arenaviruses. although specific signs and symptoms vary by the type of vhf, initial signs and symptoms are very similar. therefore rapid immunologic and molecular tools for differential diagnosis of hemorrhagic fever viruses (hfvs) are important for effective case management and control of the spread of vhfs ...201424752452
vaccines for viral hemorrhagic fevers--progress and shortcomings.with a few exceptions, vaccines for viruses that cause hemorrhagic fever remain unavailable or lack well-documented efficacy. in the past decade this has not been due to a lack of the ability to develop vaccine platforms against highly pathogenic viruses, but rather the lack of will/interest to invest in platforms that have the potential to become successful vaccines. the two exceptions to this are vaccines against dengue virus (denv) and rift valley fever virus (rvfv), which recently have seen ...201323773330
problem of ticks and tick-borne diseases in india with special emphasis on progress in tick control research: a review.ticks, as vectors of several zoonotic diseases, are ranked second only to mosquitoes as vectors. the diseases spread by ticks are a major constraint to animal productivity while causing morbidity and mortality in both animals and humans. a number of tick species have been recognised since long as vectors of lethal pathogens, viz. crimean-congo haemorrhagic fever virus (cchfv), kyasanur forest disease virus (kfdv), babesia spp, theileria, rickettsia conorii, anaplasma marginale, etc. and the dama ...201425540956
kyasanur forest disease.in the spring of 1957, an outbreak of severe disease was documented in people living near the kyasanur forest in karnataka state, india, which also affected wild nonhuman primates. collection of samples from dead animals and the use of classical virological techniques led to the isolation of a previously unrecognized virus, named kyasanur forest disease virus (kfdv), which was found to be related to the russian spring-summer encephalitis (rsse) complex of tick-borne viruses. further evaluation f ...201223110991
antiviral activity of the adenosine analogue bcx4430 against west nile virus and tick-borne flaviviruses.there are currently no approved antiviral therapies against medically important human flaviviruses. the imino-c-nucleoside bcx4430 shows broad-spectrum antiviral activity against a wide range of rna viruses. here, we demonstrate that bcx4430 inhibits tick-borne species of the genus flavivirus; however, the antiviral effect varies against individual species. micro-molar bcx4430 levels inhibited tick-borne encephalitis virus (tbev); while, approximately 3-8-fold higher concentrations were needed t ...201728336346
an early passage human isolate of kyasanur forest disease virus shows acute neuropathology in experimentally infected cd-1 mice.kyasanur forest disease virus (kfdv) is a tick-borne flavivirus that causes a severe illness in humans. disease spectrum can vary from subclinical infection to fatal cases with hemorrhagic complications. the pathology of kfdv remains incompletely understood.201627171207
new focus of kyasanur forest disease virus activity in a tribal area in kerala, india, 2014.kyasanur forest disease (kfd) is a febrile illness characterized by hemorrhages, and is reported endemic in the shimoga district in karnataka state, india. it is caused by the kfd virus (kfdv) of the family flaviviridae, and is transmitted to monkeys and humans by haemaphysalis ticks.201525750730
kyasanur forest disease virus infection activates human vascular endothelial cells and monocyte-derived dendritic cells.kyasanur forest disease virus (kfdv) is a highly pathogenic tick-borne flavivirus enzootic to india. in humans, kfdv causes a severe febrile disease. in some infected individuals, hemorrhagic manifestations, such as bleeding from the nose and gums and gastrointestinal bleeding with hematemesis and/or blood in the stool, have been reported. however, the mechanisms underlying these hemorrhagic complications remain unknown, and there is no information about the specific target cells for kfdv. we in ...201830401896
epidemiology, pathogenesis, and control of a tick-borne disease- kyasanur forest disease: current status and future directions.in south asia, haemaphysalis spinigera tick transmits kyasanur forest disease virus (kfdv), a flavivirus that causes severe hemorrhagic fever with neurological manifestations such as mental disturbances, severe headache, tremors, and vision deficits in infected human beings with a fatality rate of 3-10%. the disease was first reported in march 1957 from kyasanur forest of karnataka (india) from sick and dying monkeys. since then, between 400 and 500 humans cases per year have been recorded; monk ...201829868505
bioinformatics characterization of envelope glycoprotein from kyasanur forest disease virus.kyasanur forest disease (kfd) is a febrile illness characterized by haemorrhages and caused by kfd virus (kfdv), which belongs to the flaviviridae family. it is reported to be an endemic disease in shimoga district of karnataka state, india, especially in forested and adjoining areas. several outbreaks have been reported in newer areas, which raised queries regarding the changing nature of structural proteins if any. the objective of the study was to investigate amino acid composition and antige ...201829806609
the relationship between the structure of the tick-borne encephalitis virus strains and their pathogenic properties.tick-borne encephalitis virus (tbev) is transmitted to vertebrates by taiga or forest ticks through bites, inducing disease of variable severity. the reasons underlying these differences in the severity of the disease are unknown. in order to identify genetic factors affecting the pathogenicity of virus strains, we have sequenced and compared the complete genomes of 34 far-eastern subtype (fe) tbev strains isolated from patients with different disease severity (primorye, the russian far east). w ...201424740396
tick-borne viruses: a review from the perspective of therapeutic approaches.several important human diseases worldwide are caused by tick-borne viruses. these diseases have become important public health concerns in recent years. the tick-borne viruses that cause diseases in humans mainly belong to 3 families: bunyaviridae, flaviviridae, and reoviridae. in this review, we focus on therapeutic approaches for several of the more important tick-borne viruses from these 3 families. these viruses are crimean-congo hemorrhagic fever virus (cchf) and the newly discovered tick- ...201424907187
pathogenesis of modoc virus (flaviviridae; flavivirus) in persistently infected hamsters.the long-term persistence of modoc virus (modv) infection was investigated in a hamster model. golden hamsters (mesocricetus auratus) were infected by subcutaneous inoculation with modv, in which fatal encephalitis developed in 12.5% (2 of 16). surviving hamsters shed infectious modv in their urine during the first five months after infection, and infectious modv was recovered by co-cultivation of kidney tissue up to eight months after infection. there were no histopathologic changes observed in ...201323358636
alkhurma hemorrhagic fever virus rna in hyalomma rufipes ticks infesting migratory birds, europe and asia minor.alkhurma hemorrhagic fever virus rna was detected in immature hyalomma rufipes ticks infesting northward migratory birds caught in the north mediterranean basin. this finding suggests a role for birds in the ecology of the alkhurma hemorrhagic fever virus and a potential mechanism for dissemination to novel regions. increased surveillance is warranted.201829664386
complete genome sequencing and genetic characterization of alkhumra hemorrhagic fever virus isolated from najran, saudi arabia.alkhumra hemorrhagic fever virus (ahfv) is a newly described flavivirus first isolated in 1994-1995 from the alkhumra district south of jeddah, saudi arabia. subsequently, the virus was also isolated from makkah (2001-2003) and najran (2008-2009), saudi arabia.201425096447
metagenomic profile of the viral communities in rhipicephalus spp. ticks from yunnan, china.besides mosquitoes, ticks are regarded as the primary source of vector-borne infectious diseases. indeed, a wide variety of severe infectious human diseases, including those involving viruses, are transmitted by ticks in many parts of the world. to date, there are no published reports on the use of next-generation sequencing for studying viral diversity in ticks or discovering new viruses in these arthropods from china. here, ion-torrent sequencing was used to investigate the presence of viruses ...201525799057
growth kinetics of kyasanur forest disease virus in mammalian cell lines and development of plaque reduction neutralization test.kyasanur forest disease virus (kfdv) is a tick-borne flavivirus identified in 1957 in the karnataka state of india causing fatalities in monkeys and humans. even after the introduction of a vaccine in the endemic areas, hundreds of cases are reported every year. being a high-risk category pathogen, the studies on this virus in india were limited till the past decade. the growth characteristics of this virus in various mammalian cell lines have not yet been studied. in this study, we have demonst ...201930994413
kyasanur forest disease in india: innovative options for intervention.kyasanur forest disease (kfd) is a tick-borne hemorrhagic fever of human, caused by kyasanur forest disease virus (kfdv) in india. the tick, haemaphysalis spinigera, has been incriminated as the vector of kfdv. in human, kfd clinically presents with high fever, frontal headache, and severe myalgia, followed by bleeding from the nasal cavity, throat, gingivae, and in some cases, gastrointestinal tract. the mortality rate in kfdv infected cases is estimated to be 3-10%. monkeys infected with the v ...201930945970
genetic diversity of alkhurma hemorrhagic fever virus in western asia.alkhurma hemorrhagic fever, caused by alkhurma hemorrhagic fever virus (alkv), is an arboviral infection which is further expanding in tropical and subtropical regions of the western asia. a number of alkhurma hemorrhagic fever virus (alkv) strains have been isolated from clinical cases representing saudi arabia and egypt; however, the phylogenetic relationship of these particular isolates to those reported previously elsewhere in the world remains elusive. based on the analysis of the envelope ...201930779959
the role of platelets in the pathogenesis of viral hemorrhagic fevers.viral hemorrhagic fevers (vhf) are acute zoonotic diseases that, early on, seem to cause platelet destruction or dysfunction. here we present the four major ways viruses affect platelet development and function and new evidence of molecular factors that are preferentially induced by the more pathogenic members of the families flaviviridae, bunyaviridae, arenaviridae, and filoviridae. a systematic search was performed through the main medical electronic databases using as parameters all current f ...201424921924
tick-borne flaviviruses and the type i interferon response.flaviviruses are globally distributed pathogens causing millions of human infections every year. flaviviruses are arthropod-borne viruses and are mainly transmitted by either ticks or mosquitoes. mosquito-borne flaviviruses and their interactions with the innate immune response have been well-studied and reviewed extensively, thus this review will discuss tick-borne flaviviruses and their interactions with the host innate immune response.201829933625
comparative genome analysis of alkhumra hemorrhagic fever virus with kyasanur forest disease and tick-borne encephalitis viruses by the in silico approach.alkhumra hemorrhagic fever virus (ahfv), a relatively new member of the flaviviruses, was discovered in saudi arabia 23 years ago. ahfv is classified in the tick-borne encephalitis virus serocomplex, along with the kyasanur forest disease virus (kfdv) and tick-borne encephalitis virus (tbev). currently, very little is known about the pathologies of ahfv. in this study, using the available genome information of ahfv, kfdv and tbev, we have predicted and compared the following aspects of these vir ...201829745301
role of india's wildlife in the emergence and re-emergence of zoonotic pathogens, risk factors and public health implications.evolving land use practices have led to an increase in interactions at the human/wildlife interface. the presence and poor knowledge of zoonotic pathogens in india's wildlife and the occurrence of enormous human populations interfacing with, and critically linked to, forest ecosystems warrant attention. factors such as diverse migratory bird populations, climate change, expanding human population and shrinking wildlife habitats play a significant role in the emergence and re-emergence of zoonoti ...201424983511
cross-neutralisation of viruses of the tick-borne encephalitis complex following tick-borne encephalitis vaccination and/or infection.the tick-borne encephalitis complex contains a number of flaviviruses that share close genetic homology, and are responsible for significant human morbidity and mortality with widespread geographical range. although many members of this complex have been recognised for decades, licenced human vaccines with broad availability are only available for tick-borne encephalitis virus. while tick-borne encephalitis virus vaccines have been demonstrated to induce significant protective immunity, as deter ...201729263866
kyasanur forest disease virus non-mouse animal models: a pilot study.mouse models have delivered variable recapitulation of kyasanur forest disease (kfd) pathology and consistently demonstrated neurological involvement which may be a limited feature of human disease. with the purpose of more accurately modelling human disease progression we infected several small-mammalian models: guinea pigs, hamsters and ferrets with a titered infectious dose of kyasanur forest disease virus (kfdv). clinical indicators of disease severity were observed for seventeen days, on da ...202032539799
development of single step rt-pcr for detection of kyasanur forest disease virus from clinical samples.kyasanur forest disease (kfd), a tick borne flavivirus, which was earlier endemic to karnataka state, india, has been confirmed and detected from neighboring states of tamil nadu, maharashtra, goa and kerala states in india. increased human and vector surveillance therefore becomes essential for the identification of kfd affected regions and control of further spread of the disease. currently, available kfd detection assays include realtime rt-pcr and nested rt-pcr assays. here we describe the d ...201829560461
Displaying items 101 - 129 of 129