| suppression of ige antibody formation in mice with nonspecific stimulation. | effects of administration of various adjuvants were examined for the induction of ige antibody response against a hapten-carrier conjugate in the mouse. it was confirmed that alum was an excellent adjuvant for induction of ige antibody response, while poly a:u, cfa and lps had much less activity. however, when these adjuvants were administered before immunization with antigen and alum, they suppressed the forthcoming antibody response to various degrees. even alum exerted a profound suppressive ... | 1980 | 7380577 |
| induction of antibody response to liposome-associated gross-virus cell-surface antigen (gcsaa). | the immunogenicity of a soluble fraction containing gross-virus-associated cell-surface antigen (gcsaa) obtained from (c58nt)d lymphoma cells either by detergent (np40) solubilization or by 3m kcl extraction, was studied in syngeneic w/fu rats. rats immunized by 2 s.c. injections of soluble antigen or soluble antigen mixed with empty liposomes and emulsified in complete freund's adjuvant (cfa) failed to produce significant levels of cytotoxic antibodies to gcsaa. on the other hand, rats similarl ... | 1980 | 7370163 |
| vaccine adjuvants based on gamma inulin. | algammulin and gamma-in comprise a novel class of vaccine adjuvant. their use in vaccines is to exploit the humoral defense known as the alternative pathway of complement. they use a "natural" mechanism and the biochemical basis of their action is well understood in general terms. they are fully researched up to the stage of specific commercial application. inulin itself is registered for human use as a solution and is without physiological effect except for acp activation as gamma-in particles. ... | 1995 | 7551236 |
| immunosuppression in experimental cryptococcosis: variation of splenic and thymic populations and expression of class ii major histocompatibility complex gene products. | previous studies from our laboratory have shown that infection with cryptococcus neoformans can trigger the production of a series of suppressor cells that specifically inhibit the cell-mediated immune response to a nonrelated antigen, the human serum albumin (hsa). in the present study, we determined the variation of thymus and spleen cell populations in rats infected with c. neoformans and immunized with hsa-cfa at the time when suppressor activity was demonstrated. at 21 days postinfection, t ... | 1995 | 7554478 |
| prevalence and association of the longus pilus structural gene (lnga) with colonization factor antigens, enterotoxin types, and serotypes of enterotoxigenic escherichia coli. | human enterotoxigenic escherichia coli (etec) produces a plasmid-encoded type iv pilus termed longus (for long pilus). regardless of the geographic origins of etec strains, the longus structural gene lnga was found to have the highest level of association with etec producing colonization factor antigen (cfa) cfa/ii, followed by etec producing cfa/i and cfa/iv. etec bearing the less prevalent cfa/iii and putative colonization factors and etec negative for cfa and putative colonization factor also ... | 1995 | 7558343 |
| strategy to detect and identify bartonella species in routine clinical laboratory yields bartonella henselae from human immunodeficiency virus-positive patient and unique bartonella strain from his cat. | we wished to develop a cost-effective, rapid strategy to detect and identify bartonella species in the clinical laboratory and to determine the prevalence of bartonella infection in the houston veteran population. bartonella colonies were identified by colony morphology, gram stain, rapid ana, repetitive extragenic palindromic-pcr (rep-pcr) and whole-cell fatty acid (cfa) analysis, and these methods were compared for their usefulness. a new test order for "rochalimaea culture" (the genus bartone ... | 1995 | 7559957 |
| altered target organ. a mechanism of postrecovery resistance to murine autoimmune oophoritis. | experimental murine autoimmune oophoritis, a model of human premature ovarian failure, is induced by immunization with a peptide of the zp3 glycoprotein from mouse zona pellucida (zp3(330-340)) in cfa. the ovarian pathology is mediated by zp3-specific, cd4+ t cells, and not by abs. we now show that mice recovered from autoimmune oophoritis in 4 mo, as characterized by regression of ovarian inflammation. recovery was associated with disease resistance upon rechallenge with zp3(330-340) in cfa. oo ... | 1995 | 7561067 |
| [use of the b19 strain in the prevention of bovine brucellosis in northern cameroon. study of effect of the dose on seroconversion rate and duration in female zebu]. | four herds of zebus from northern cameroon totalling 136 animals were vaccinated subcutaneously with the following doses of brucella abortus strain 19: 5 x 10(9) colony-forming units (cfu), 10(9) cfu, 5 x 10(8) cfu and 10(7) cfu. twenty-eight days after vaccination, the following seroconversion rates were observed respectively: 97.4, 96.2 84.2 and 73.3%. of the 52 animals which could be tested subsequently including 39 over one year old on the vaccination day, only one showed antibodies 6 months ... | 1995 | 7569229 |
| the anti-inflammatory effects of chinese crude drug prescriptions on experimental arthritis. | san-miao-warn (smw), tuhwo-jih-shen-tang (tjs) and dang-quei-nian-tong-tang (dgt) are chinese traditional prescriptions. in this study, we evaluated the anti-inflammatory activities of these crude drug prescriptions in carrageenan-induced acute arthritis and complete freund's adjuvant (cfa)-induced chronic arthritis in rats. it was found that pretreatment with smw, tjs or dgt at a dosage of 100 mg/kg or 300 mg/kg, significantly inhibited carrageenan-induced acute arthritis. moreover, these crude ... | 1995 | 7572775 |
| tumor necrosis factor mediates the protective effect of freund's adjuvant against autoimmune diabetes in bb rats. | in previous studies we reported that a single injection of complete freund's adjuvant (cfa) in early life inhibits the development of autoimmune diabetes in bb diabetes-prone (dp) rats, and that cfa upregulates tumor necrosis factor-alpha (tnf alpha) production by macrophages of dp rats. in this study, we asked if cfa-induced prevention of diabetes in dp rats might be mediated by tnf alpha. chronic intraperitoneal injection of tnf alpha, 20 micrograms daily from age 50 to 110 days, significantly ... | 1995 | 7575997 |
| contribution of interleukin-1 beta to the inflammation-induced increase in nerve growth factor levels and inflammatory hyperalgesia. | 1. peripheral inflammation is associated with the local production of neuroactive inflammatory cytokines and growth factors. these may contribute to inflammatory pain and hyperalgesia by directly or indirectly altering the function or chemical phenotype of responsive primary sensory neurones. 2. to investigate this, inflammation was produced by the intraplantar injection of complete freund's adjuvant (cfa) in adult rats. this resulted in a significant elevation in interleukin-1 beta (il-1 beta) ... | 1995 | 7582555 |
| spontaneous release of interleukin-6 by primary cultures of lymphoid and tumor cell populations purified from human ovarian carcinoma. | interleukin-6 (il-6) is a cytokine that has been implicated as a growth factor in human ovarian carcinoma, yet the in vivo source of il-6 in patients remains undefined. we measured il-6 by elisa in cell-free ascites (cfa) of 19 patients with ovarian carcinoma. il-6 was detectable in all samples (mean level 3.3 ng/ml). to identify the cellular source of il-6, we measured this cytokine by elisa in 24-48 h supernatants of cultured lymphocyte-, macrophage-, and tumor cell-enriched populations purifi ... | 1995 | 7584672 |
| genes for cs2 pili of enterotoxigenic escherichia coli and their interchangeability with those for cs1 pili. | we have cloned and sequenced the dna needed for production of cs2 pili in escherichia coli k-12. the four open reading frames, cotb, cota, cotc, and cotd, show homology with the genes needed for production of cs1 and cfa/i pili, which are also found on enterotoxigenic e. coli associated with human diarrheal disease. we also report that cota plus cotb interact with the cs1 gene products cooc and cood to form pili that can be visualized by electron microscopy and, conversely, that the cs1 gene pro ... | 1995 | 7591145 |
| immune responses to novel escherichia coli and salmonella typhimurium vectors that express colonization factor antigen i (cfa/i) of enterotoxigenic e. coli in the absence of the cfa/i positive regulator cfar. | an asd-stabilized plasmid carrying enterotoxigenic escherichia coli cfaabce genes was constructed and called pjgx15c-asd+. expression of colonization factor antigen i (cfa/i) by this plasmid occurs independently of the cfaabce positive regulator cfar in attenuated salmonella delta aro delta asd strain h683 and nonpathogenic laboratory e. coli asd strain chi 6212. oral immunization of mice with nonpathogenic e. coli chi 6212 (pjgx15c-asd+) does not elicit significant serum or mucosal responses ag ... | 1995 | 7591160 |
| time course of reactive oxygen intermediates release and histopathological findings during experimental autoimmune prostatitis development. | spontaneous and stimulated reactive oxygen intermediates (roi) release by peritoneal exudate cells (pec) and histopathological findings in the prostate gland were assessed during experimental autoimmune prostatitis (eap) development. results in eap rats were compared with data from rats immunized with kidney homogenate, bsa, and cfa, as well as nontreated rats. at 28 days of first immunization (fi), eap rats spontaneously released significantly more roi than occurred in the cells from control ra ... | 1995 | 7603914 |
| autoantibodies against beta-crystallins induce lens epithelial cell damage and cataract formation in mice. | one-year-old b6c3/f mice, injected with beta-crystallins emulsified with cfa, developed lens epithelial cell damage. both serum transfer and mab transfer studies clearly established that the autoimmune insult is induced by humoral immunity. older mice were more susceptible to autoimmune insult than younger animals. lens epithelial cell damage invariably proceeded to cortical and posterior subcapsular cataract formation. this mouse model of experimental autoimmune cataract formation will facilita ... | 1995 | 7608574 |
| clearance of circulating filarial antigen as a measure of the macrofilaricidal activity of diethylcarbamazine in wuchereria bancrofti infection. | small doses of diethylcarbamazine (dec) clear microfilariae (mf) from the blood of wuchereria bancrofti-infected persons, but the dose and regimen required to kill adult worms is not clearly defined. a prospective study was undertaken to examine the macrofilaricidal effect of dec and the ability of an assay for circulating filarial antigen (cfa) to define the effect. twenty-five mf-positive subjects and 7 mf-negative but cfa-positive subjects were treated with dec and followed for 18 months. of ... | 1995 | 7622896 |
| inhibition of the offspring anti-recombinant gp120 antibody response to a human immunodeficiency virus vaccine by maternal immunization in a murine model. | a murine model was developed for assessing the effects of passively transferred polyclonal maternal anti-gp120 antibodies on the subsequent immunization of the offspring with recombinant gp120sf2 in complete freund's adjuvant (rgp120sf2-cfa). adult female balb/c mice were immunized with rgp120sf2-cfa 6 weeks before mating. the 3-week-old offspring were subsequently immunized with the same vaccine and followed for 9 weeks. both the total igg anti-rgp120sf2 and the anti-v3 igg antibody response to ... | 1995 | 7622900 |
| evidence for a connection between the mismatch repair system and the g2 cell cycle checkpoint. | the human colon tumor cell line hct116 is deficient in wild-type hmlh1, is defective in mismatch repair (mmr), exhibits microsatellite instability, and is tolerant to n-methyl-n'-nitro-n-nitrosoguanidine (mnng). transferring a normal copy of hmlh1 on chromosome 3 into the cell line restores mmr activity, stabilizes microsatellite loci, and increases the sensitivity of the cell to mnng. previous studies in other cell lines tolerant to alkylating agents such as mnng or n-methylnitrosourea have sho ... | 1995 | 7641183 |
| a survey of enteropathogens among united states military personnel during operation bright star '94, in cairo, egypt. | acute gastroenteritis is a potential cause of substantial morbidity in u.s. military personnel during deployment. this study was conducted to evaluate enteric pathogens associated with diarrhea in a u.s. military population on deployment in cairo, egypt, during november 1993. enteric pathogens found to be associated with cases of diarrhea included: enterotoxigenic escherichia coli (etec), 27% (22% heat-stable [st], 3% heat-labile [lt], and 2% st/lt producers); campylobacter spp., 3%; and salmone ... | 1995 | 7659237 |
| does chronic nociceptive stimulation alter the development of morphine tolerance? | conflicting results exist concerning the issues of whether chronic nociceptive stimulation (a) increases or decreases the effectiveness of morphine analgesia, and (b) facilitates or inhibits the development of narcotic tolerance. we carried out a series of experiments with appropriate controls in order to examine these two issues and their possible relationship. in experiment 1, rats received complete freund's adjuvant (cfa), a chronic nociceptor, injected into a single hind paw or anesthesia wi ... | 1995 | 7663975 |
| secondary structure and stability of the bacterial carbohydrate-specific recognition proteins k88ab, afa-1, nfa-1, and cfa-1. | the conformation and thermodynamic stability of the four polymeric carbohydrate-specific bacterial recognition proteins k88ab, afa-1, nfa-1, and cfa-1 and their monomeric subunits that can be obtained by variation of ph were studied by infrared spectroscopy and differential scanning microcalorimetry. for nfa-1, a ph-dependent dissociation of the polymeric form cannot be achieved due to the stronger interactions of the neighboring subunits. generally, no alterations in secondary structure are obs ... | 1995 | 7669754 |
| correspondence factor analysis of steroid libraries. | the receptor binding of a library of 187 steroids to five steroid hormone receptors (estrogen, progestin, androgen, mineralocorticoid, and glucocorticoid) has been analyzed by correspondence factor analysis (cfa) in order to illustrate how the method could be used to derive structure-activity-relationships from much larger libraries. cfa is a cartographic multivariate technique that provides objective distribution maps of the data after reduction and filtering of redundant information and noise. ... | 1995 | 7676479 |
| effects of adjuvants on bovine humoral and cellular responses to hypodermin a. | hypodermin a, a serine protease of the first-instar larva of the common cattle grub, hypoderma lineatum (villers), when formulated with complete freund's adjuvant and administered to naive calves, will elicit protective immunity defined by an increase in in vivo larval mortality. this study evaluated two veterinary acceptable adjuvants, alhydrogel and amphigen (alone and in combination), for suitability as an adjuvant for hypodermin a. complete freund's adjuvant (cfa) is not an acceptable adjuva ... | 1995 | 7676594 |
| cloning, nucleotide sequence, and expression of a gene encoding an adhesin subunit protein of helicobacter pylori. | gene hpaa, which codes for the receptor-binding subunit of the n-acetylneuraminyllactose-binding fibrillar hemagglutinin (nlbh) of helicobacter pylori, was cloned and sequenced. the protein expressed by hpaa, designated hpaa, was identified as the adhesin subunit on the basis of its fetuin-binding activity and its reactivity with a polyclonal, monospecific rabbit serum prepared against nlbh purified from h. pylori. sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis analysis and western bl ... | 1993 | 7678592 |
| t lymphocyte responses in cvb3-induced murine myocarditis. | three monoclonal antibodies (mab) to group a streptococcus m5 serotype (mab 36.2.2, 49.8.9 and 54.2.8) cross-reactivity bind to various heart antigens (including myosin, tropomyosin and vimentin) and neutralize a myocarditic variant of coxsackievirus b-3 (nancy) (cvb3). the existence of shared antigenic epitopes between the two distinct infectious agents and the heart implies that antigenic mimicry may form the foundation of the autoimmune response. plaque purified variants of cvb3 were isolated ... | 1993 | 7685923 |
| prevention and reversal of adoptively transferred, chronic relapsing experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis with a single high dose cytoreductive treatment followed by syngeneic bone marrow transplantation. | a chronic relapsing form of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (cr-eae) was induced in sjl/j mice by adoptive transfer of lymph node cells (lnc) sensitized to guinea pig myelin basic protein (gmbp). we examined the efficacy of high dose immunosuppressive regimens (cyclophosphamide [cy] 300 mg/kg or total body irradiation [tbi] 900 cgy) followed by syngeneic bone marrow transplantation (sbmt) in prevention and treatment of already established cr-eae. treatment with tbi and sbmt on day 5 af ... | 1993 | 7688762 |
| t and b cell responses to myelin basic protein and encephalitogenic epitopes. | the major encephalitogenic epitope of myelin basic protein (mbp) for the lewis rat includes residues 68-84, although a minor epitope has been localized to mbp residues 87-99. we synthesized mbp68-84 and mbp87-99, and immunized rats with these peptides or with mbp in complete freund's adjuvant (cfa). mbp and mbp68-84 induced paralytic experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (eae) at equimolar concentrations, whereas significantly higher dosages of mbp87-99 were required to elicit paralytic dise ... | 1993 | 7689588 |
| induction of feline leukaemia virus-neutralizing antibodies by immunization with synthetic peptides derived from the felv env gene. | the surface glycoprotein, gp70, of feline leukaemia virus (felv) contains sites which are important in inducing neutralizing antibodies. using synthetic peptides corresponding to nucleotide sequence 729-957 (amino acid sequence 243-319) of felv-a/glasgow-1, the antigenicity and immunogenicity of this part of the viral surface glycoprotein were investigated. the region contains two highly conserved domains separated by a variable region (vr4), when compared with felv of subgroups b and c, and an ... | 1993 | 7692683 |
| astrocytic hypertrophy: an important pathological feature of chronic experimental autoimmune encephalitis in aged rats. | experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (eae) was induced in young (2-3 month old), middle-aged (12-13 month old) and geriatric (24-26 month old) lewis (jc) rats by active immunisation with myelin basic protein (mbp) in complete freund's adjuvant (cfa). it was found that aged lewis (jc) rats developed a more chronic form of eae than younger rats of the same strain, a phenomenon observed in both male and female rats despite males developing more severe disease than females at all ages. middle-a ... | 1993 | 7693751 |
| differential recognition of sequences within the encephalitogenic region of myelin basic protein capable of eliciting cell-mediated immune responses in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis. | the fine specificity of myelin basic protein (mbp) epitopes capable of eliciting in vivo delayed-type hypersensitivity responses in lewis rats with experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (eae) was compared to those eliciting in vitro antigen-specific t cell proliferation and augmentation of disease transfer. utilizing a panel of synthetic peptides with sequences representing the 68-86 region of guinea pig (gp-) or bovine myelin basic protein (b-mbp), animals were primed with one species of pe ... | 1993 | 7693752 |
| primed avian gamma delta t cells respond to mycobacterial antigens, but show no preference for the 65-kda heat shock protein. | we have studied the reactivity of chicken t cells to mycobacterial antigens. neither peripheral blood nor splenic lymphocytes isolated from unprimed chickens proliferated in response to mycobacterial antigens (mycobacterial sonicate, purified protein derivative, or recombinant 65-kda heat-shock protein hsp65). after immunization with complete freund's adjuvant (cfa) a strong response appeared, and a transient increase of peripheral blood gamma delta t cells was observed. analysis of spleen cells ... | 1995 | 7704913 |
| antibody responses against escherichia coli heat-labile toxin and colonization factor antigens i and ii in argentinian children. | serum antibody responses against escherichia coli heat-labile enterotoxin (lt) and colonization factor antigens (cfas) i and ii were studied in 84 children < 5 years old living in two communities. these villages differed in the quality of their drinking water. children from both communities developed significantly increased antibody titers against lt and cfa/ii but not against cfa/i during 3 months of follow-up. the magnitude of the anti-lt response was significantly higher in children from zaim ... | 1995 | 7706787 |
| presence of secretory iga antibodies to an enteric bacterial pathogen in human milk and saliva. | the concept of a common mucosal immune system in man was tested by examining the concurrent presence of specific-secretory iga (siga) antibodies in human milk and saliva from three groups of subjects: 64 sri lankan women living in sri lanka; 20 immigrant asian women living in birmingham (median duration of residence in the united kingdom five years); and 75 caucasian women living in birmingham (controls). enzyme linked immunosorbent assays (elisa) were developed to detect enterotoxigenic escheri ... | 1995 | 7712266 |
| modification of lipoperoxidative effects of dichloroacetate and trichloroacetate is associated with peroxisome proliferation. | pretreatment of male b6c3f1 mice with clofibric acid (cfa) or trichloroacetic acid (tca) in the drinking water results in a marked decrease in the lipoperoxidative response as measured by the production of thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (tbars) in mouse liver homogenates following acute dosing with tca or dichloroacetic acid (dca). pretreatment with tca or cfa also increased palmitoyl-coa oxidase activity, microsomal 12-(omega) hydroxylation of lauric acid and expression of p450 4a isof ... | 1995 | 7716793 |
| synthetic oligonucleotide expressed by a recombinant vaccinia virus elicits therapeutic ctl. | p815a is a naturally occurring tumor rejection ag of the methylcholanthrene-induced murine mastocytoma p815. the gene encoding the ag p815a, designated p1a, is identical to that encoded in the normal genome of the dba/2 mouse. a recombinant vaccinia virus (rvv) was constructed that expressed a synthetic oligonucleotide encoding the minimal determinant peptide of the tumor-associated ag. although the rvv recombinant expressing this mini-gene was recognized efficiently in vitro, it was an ineffect ... | 1995 | 7722317 |
| effects of immunization with cryptococcus neoformans cells or cryptococcal culture filtrate antigen on direct anticryptococcal activities of murine t lymphocytes. | immunizing cba/j mice with intact cryptococcus neoformans cells or with a cryptococcal culture filtrate antigen (cnef) induces an anticryptococcal delayed-type hypersensitivity response. recently, it has been shown that two phenotypically different t-cell populations are responsible for delayed-type hypersensitivity reactivity in mice immunized with intact cryptococcal cells, whereas only one of those populations is present in mice immunized with soluble cryptococcal antigens in complete freund' ... | 1995 | 7729868 |
| effect of salicylate on expression of flagella by escherichia coli and proteus, providencia, and pseudomonas spp. | osmotic stress, salicylate, and mar (multiple antibiotic resistance) mutation are known to block the expression of the ompf porin. since these conditions have also been shown to inhibit the expression of p and cfa fimbriae in escherichia coli, we speculated that they might affect the expression of flagella as well. hyperosmotic conditions have been shown to block the synthesis of flagellin and expression of flagella in e. coli (c. li, c. j. louise, w. shi, and j. adler, j. bacteriol. 175:2229-22 ... | 1995 | 7729888 |
| induction of flare-up reactions in rat antigen-induced arthritis. | flare-up reactions were induced in the rat chronic antigen-induced arthritis model (aia), similar to those in mice and rabbits. after two consecutive immunizations (500 micrograms each, day -21 and -14) with methylated bovine serum albumin (mbsa) in complete freund's adjuvant (cfa), a biphasic primary arthritis was induced on day 0 by intra-articular (i.a.) injection of 100 micrograms mbsa. the acute arthritic phase lasted 1 week, followed by chronic, mild joint swelling. flare-up could then be ... | 1995 | 7734037 |
| psychological interventions for the adolescent with cleft lip and palate. | the normal developmental tasks of adolescence include individuation from family, development of sense of personal identity, and establishment of satisfactory peer relationships. accomplishment of each of these tasks is potentially more difficult for the adolescent who is also coping with the ongoing treatment demands of cleft lip and palate or other craniofacial disorders (cfa). this article presents treatment strategies that can be used by multidisciplinary teams to assist the adolescent with c ... | 1995 | 7748869 |
| regions of the cfa/i promoter involved in the activation by the transcriptional activator cfad and repression by the histone-like protein h-ns. | expression of cfa/i fimbriae of escherichia coli requires the transcriptional activator cfad. the mechanism by which cfad activates the cfa/i promoter is to overcome the repression by h-ns, one of the histone-like proteins in e coli. this study addresses the question of which sequences in the promoter region of cfa/i interact with cfad and h-ns. in order to determine this, deletion mutants of the cfa/i promoter were constructed and cloned upstream of the promoterless lacz gene. the effect of cfa ... | 1994 | 7748926 |
| re-examination of the plasticity of the corticothalamic projection after unilateral neonatal lesion of the sensorimotor cortex in the rat: a phaseolus vulgaris-leucoagglutinin tracing study. | after unilateral lesion of the sensorimotor cortex in neonatal rats (postnatal days 2-4), the reorganization of the corticothalamic projection originating from the opposite intact sensorimotor cortex was studied. three months after the lesion, the anterograde tracer phaseolus vulgaris-leucoagglutinin (pha-l) was injected in the caudal forelimb area (cfa) of the intact opposite sensorimotor cortex to label the corticothalamic axons, in order to establish their trajectory as well as the distributi ... | 1995 | 7751603 |
| effects of anti-cd4 antibody: enhancement of lymph node ppd-memory t cell response. | in vitro incubations of cd4+ t cells with anti-cd4 monoclonal antibody (mab) demonstrated saturation binding and inhibited both ppd-stimulated proliferation and delayed-type hypersensitivity (dth) after passive transfer of these cells into naive rats. in comparison, in vivo administration of anti-cd4 mab into rats, 2 weeks after cfa immunization (ppd priming), saturated cd4 molecules expressed on t lymphocytes and depleted significant percentages of cd4+ t cells from blood, spleen, and lymph nod ... | 1995 | 7758120 |
| [hemagglutination patterns of uropathogenic escherichia coli]. | an hemagglutination (ha) type system has been applied to demonstrate mannose sensitive (ms) and mannose resistant (mr) hemagglutination produced by escherichia coli isolated from urinary tract infections. hemagglutination types were obtained by the agglutination of different species of red cells -human, bovine, chicken and guinea pig- suspended in buffer phosphate (pbs), with and without mannose, with e. coli cells grown in cfa agar (casamino acid 10 g, yeast extract 15 g, sodium chloride 2.5 g, ... | 1994 | 7761601 |
| epidemiological aspects of enterotoxigenic escherichia coli diarrhoea in infants in the jerusalem area. | as most of the clinical laboratories in israel do not use toxigenicity testing as a routine procedure in cases of escherichia coli gastroenteritis, current information regarding clinical and epidemiological aspects of infection by enterotoxigenic e. coli (etec) is lacking. this survey aimed at retrieving that information by conducting routine enterotoxigenicity tests in a clinical laboratory for patients suspected of e. coli gastroenteritis. | 1995 | 7761606 |
| detection of attachment of enterotoxigenic escherichia coli (etec) to human small intestinal cells by enzyme immunoassay. | simple immunoassays were developed to study the binding between enterocytes of the small intestine and other cell types, and enterotoxigenic escherichia coli (etec). cfa/i or cfa/ii pilus protein or cfa-positive e. coli bacteria were immobilised in wells of microtitre plates and incubated with vesicles or crude mucus prepared from human brush border enterocytes. binding of the cell preparations was detected by adding specific rabbit anti-brush border igg followed by urease-labelled goat anti-rab ... | 1995 | 7773237 |
| identification of il-1 inhibitory activity as il-1 receptor antagonist (il-1ra) in vitro and kinetics of il-1ra and il-1 beta in experimental rabbit lung granuloma. | this study investigated whether interleukin-1 (il-1) inhibitory activity in lps-stimulated culture supernatants of alveolar macrophages and epithelioid cells obtained from rabbit lung granulomas induced by complete freund's adjuvant (cfa) was identical to il-1 receptor antagonist (il-1ra) and examined the changes of il-1ra and il-1 beta levels in lung tissue during the natural course of granulomatous inflammation. in the thymocyte proliferation assay, prostaglandin e2 (pge2)-free culture superna ... | 1995 | 7774530 |
| depletion of cd8+ t cells suppresses the development of experimental autoimmune myasthenia gravis in lewis rats. | to understand the role of cd8+ t cells in experimental autoimmune myasthenia gravis (eamg), cd8+ t cells were depleted by injecting a monoclonal anti-rat cd8 antibody (ox8) into lewis rats immunized with torpedo acetylcholine receptor (achr) in complete freund's adjuvant (cfa). cd8-depleted eamg rats showed strikingly less muscle weakness and lower anti-achr igg antibody levels compared to hy2-15-injected control eamg rats. moreover, the numbers of achr-specific igg antibody-secreting cells, ach ... | 1995 | 7774622 |
| effect of tripterygium wilfordii on adrenal cortex in rat with adjuvant arthritis. | this paper reports the effects of tripterygium wilfordii (tw) on adrenal cortex in rats with adjuvant arthritis. forty rats were divided into 5 groups. adjuvant arthritis (aa) models were made with complete freund's adjuvant (cfa) in groups i-iv. each of which was treated with sodium carboxyl methyl cellulose, tw, prednisone and cyclophosphamide respectively. the untreated rats allocated to group v served as normal controls. the swelling of aa markedly subsided in group ii, iii and iv as compare ... | 1994 | 7807601 |
| sequencing of the gene encoding the major pilin of pilus colonization factor antigen iii (cfa/iii) of human enterotoxigenic escherichia coli and evidence that cfa/iii is related to type iv pili. | the plasmid-encoded structural gene cofa necessary for the production of the major pilin subunit of pilus colonization factor antigen iii (cfa/iii) of human enterotoxigenic escherichia coli was identified, and the nucleotide sequence of the gene was determined. cofa consists of 714 nucleotides encoding a 238-amino-acid protein (molecular weight of 25,309). cofa seems to be a precursor of cfa/iii pilin, because the first 23 residues of the n-terminal amino acid sequence of the purified cfa/iii pi ... | 1995 | 7822050 |
| localisation of a pulmonary autoantigen in cryptogenic fibrosing alveolitis. | background--cryptogenic fibrosing alveolitis (cfa) is believed to have an immunological pathogenesis with a persisting inflammatory reaction to an as yet unidentified pulmonary antigen(s). a high frequency of igg autoantibodies has previously been found in the plasma of patients with cfa to an extractable 70-90 kda lung antigen by western blotting. preliminary immunohistochemical studies with patient igg had indicated that the target protein(s) might be associated with alveolar epithelial lining ... | 1994 | 7831631 |
| adjuvant-induced inflammation of rat paw is associated with altered calcitonin gene-related peptide immunoreactivity within cell bodies and peripheral endings of primary afferent neurons. | local inflammation is associated with profound changes in the biochemistry and physiology of primary afferent nerve fibers and the central neurons responding to their signals. in some tissues, the neural changes accompanying inflammation include sprouting and cytochemical changes that are delayed several days after the initial injury. in the present study, we have analyzed the effect of complete freund's adjuvant (cfa)-induced inflammation in the rat paw on calcitonin gene-related peptide (cgrp) ... | 1994 | 7852637 |
| prevalence of colonization factor antigens (cfas) and adherence to hela cells in enterotoxigenic escherichia coli isolated from feces of children in são paulo. | fifty-eight enterotoxigenic escherichia coli (etec) strains, isolated from children with and without diarrhea in são paulo, were examined for the presence of colonization factor antigens (cfas) and their ability to adhere to hela cells. antisera to cfa/i, the coli surface (cs) antigens cs1cs3, cs2cs3, and cs2 of cfa/ii, cfa/iii, and cs5cs6 and cs6 of cfa/iv were used. cfas were identified in 43% of the etec strains: 40% of the cfas strains with cfas harbored cfa/i, 24% carried cfa/ii (cs1cs3), 2 ... | 1994 | 7854210 |
| phylogeny of tyu, sre, and cfa virus: different evolutionary rates in the genus flavivirus. | the nucleotide and deduced amino acid sequence of the envelope (e) gene of tyuleniy (tyu) and saumarez reef (sre) virus have been determined and the data used to classify these viruses in relation to the other tick- and mosquito-borne viruses in the genus flavivirus. the phylogenetic trees obtained by maximum parsimony and distance methods for 22 flavivirus e genes showed that tyu and sre virus are a sister group of the tbe virus complex. the trees were consistent with the flavivirus serological ... | 1995 | 7856087 |
| enteral immunization and challenge of volunteers given enterotoxigenic e. coli cfa/ii encapsulated in biodegradable microspheres. | the development of a safe and effective vaccine against enterotoxigenic escherichia coli (etec) would be useful for travellers and for young children in endemic areas. a feasibility study of an enteral etec vaccine prototype consisting of colonization factor antigen ii (cfa/ii), containing two component antigens cs1 and cs3, encapsulated in biodegradable polymer microspheres (bpm) was conducted in healthy volunteers. ten adult volunteers swallowed intestinal tubes on days 0, 7, 14 and 28; after ... | 1994 | 7856290 |
| mast cells in accessory glands of experimentally induced prostatitis in male wistar rats. | we studied the histological modifications in the accessory glands of autoimmune rats. adult male wistar rats were id immunized three times with saline extract of rat male accessory glands (rag) chemically modified (mrag) in complete freund's adjuvant (cfa) (groups 1, 2, and 3). prior to the first immunization with mrag-cfa groups 2 and 3 received peritoneal cells obtained from rats that had been injected 2 or 24 hr previously with low doses of rag. furthermore, an additional group (group 4) ip i ... | 1995 | 7859413 |
| beta-adrenergic agonists suppress chronic/relapsing experimental allergic encephalomyelitis (creae) in lewis rats. | chronic/relapsing experimental allergic encephalomyelitis (creae) serves as an animal model for relapsing/remitting multiple sclerosis. treatment with the beta-adrenergic agonist isoproterenol or the beta 2-adrenergic agonist terbutaline significantly suppressed both the first acute attack and the number of relapses in creae lewis rats. the number of relapses was decreased even when treatment with beta-adrenergic agonist was started after the onset of the first acute attack of creae. beta-adrene ... | 1995 | 7860715 |
| reactive oxygen species are involved in the pathogenesis of experimental allergic encephalomyelitis in lewis rats. | during experimental allergic encephalomyelitis (eae), both blood-borne macrophages as well as activated, resident microglial cells are considered to be involved in inflammatory reactions in the central nervous system (cns), resulting in the neurological deficits common to eae. both cell types can produce multiple mediators of tissue damage, among which are the reactive oxygen species (ros). in this study we show that macrophages and microglial cells, isolated from the cns of lewis rats with clin ... | 1995 | 7860716 |
| breaking tolerance leads to autoantibody production but not autoimmune liver disease in hepatitis b virus envelope transgenic mice. | hepatitis b virus (hbv) transgenic mice containing the hbv envelope open reading frame under the transcriptional control of the mouse albumin promoter express hepatitis b surface ag (hbsag) in all of their hepatocytes and secrete hbsag (10 to 40 ng/ml) into the circulation. because these transgenic mice show no signs of spontaneous liver cell injury or autoimmunity toward the viral (self-) ag, we asked whether the state of self-tolerance could be reversed by the induction of an acute necroinflam ... | 1995 | 7868916 |
| cgp 47969a: effect on collagen induced arthritis in dba/1 mice. | cgp 47969a is a novel and potent inhibitor of cytokine biosynthesis in human and murine monocytic cells. the effect of cgp 47969a on collagen induced arthritis (cia) in dba/1 mice was investigated and compared to that of prednisolone. | 1994 | 7869300 |
| sequence, expression and transcriptional analysis of the coronafacate ligase-encoding gene required for coronatine biosynthesis by pseudomonas syringae. | pseudomonas syringae pv. glycinea pg4180 produces the chlorosis-inducing phytotoxin coronatine (cor), which consists of a polyketide component, coronafacic acid (cfa), ligated by an amide bond to coronamic acid (cma), an ethylcyclopropyl amino-acid derived from isoleucine. we report the nucleotide sequence of a 2.37-kb region containing the coronafacate ligase-encoding gene (cfl) which is required for the amide linkage of cfa and cma. the transcription start point for cfl was identified, and the ... | 1995 | 7883180 |
| a refined guinea pig model for evaluating delayed-type hypersensitivity reactions caused by q fever vaccines. | the previously established model for determining dermal granulomatous reactivity of q fever vaccines uses footpad injections to sensitize hartley guinea pigs. we describe a substantial refinement to that model by substituting an alternate injection route and replacing the model with the hairless hartley guinea pig. the experimental design incorporates a matrix of various antigen and adjuvant combinations administered by subcutaneous (sc) and intradermal routes of administration. the two coxiella ... | 1994 | 7898035 |
| thymus changes in experimentally induced myasthenia gravis. | experimental myasthenia gravis (emg) was elicited in female ao rats, 8-12 weeks of age, by injection of 100 micrograms/rat torpedo marmorata acetylcholine receptor (achr)-protein incorporated in cfa. bordetella pertussis, 24 x 10(9) microorganisms, rat, was injected simultaneously as additional adjuvant. rats were sacrificed on the day of appearance of the clinical signs of emg, and thymuses were used for histological analysis using stereologic method, and thymocyte subsets were estimated by flo ... | 1993 | 7903560 |
| cloning of the genes that control formation of the fimbrial colonization factor antigen iii (cfa/iii) from an enterotoxigenic escherichia coli. | enterotoxigenic escherichia coli strain 260-1 produces colonization factor antigen iii and heat-labile enterotoxin. a 55-kb plasmid controlling the expression of the colonization factor antigen was isolated from this strain after it was labeled with ampicillin resistance transposon, tn3. when this plasmid was introduced into e. coli k-12 strains, it induced the formation of pili that were morphologically and immunologically identical to those on the surface of 260-1 cells, as examined by electro ... | 1993 | 7903787 |
| effect of adjuvant therapy on development of diabetes in mouse and man. | freund's complete adjuvant (cfa) and bcg vaccine modulate the development of type 1 diabetes in animal models. in non-obese diabetic mice, cfa and bcg significantly reduced the proportion developing diabetes compared with controls. histological examination showed that autoimmune disease still developed but had been diverted to become nondestructive. in a preliminary trial in 17 newly diagnosed, type 1 diabetic patients, intracutaneous administration of 0.1 ml of bcg 1 mg/ml led to clinical remis ... | 1994 | 7907682 |
| effect of salicylate, bismuth, osmolytes, and tetracycline resistance on expression of fimbriae by escherichia coli. | adherence of escherichia coli is facilitated by fimbriae and several outer membrane proteins (omps). hypertonic conditions, salicylate, and mar mutations are known to reduce ompf expression. we speculated that omps involved in export or assembly of fimbrial subunits might be similarly affected. to explore this hypothesis, e. coli expressing p, type 1, s, colonization factor antigen i (cfa/i), or cfa/ii fimbriae was grown in the presence of salicylate, bismuth salts, nacl, and nonfermented sugars ... | 1994 | 7910591 |
| circulating autoantibodies directed against conjugated fatty acids in sera of hiv-1-infected patients. | several reports have demonstrated that major changes occur in the fatty acid content of hiv-infected cells. in order to evaluate if these changes are recognized by the immune system, we have attempted to assay the possible presence of autoantibodies (autoab) directed against conjugated fatty acids (cfa). using an adapted elisa, anti-cfa autoab were assayed in sera of 150 hiv-1-infected patients and 116 controls (healthy donors and patients suffering from other diseases). significantly increased ... | 1994 | 7911749 |
| prevention of immune-mediated arthritis in cholestatic rats: involvement of endogenous glucocorticoids. | hyporesponsiveness of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis to stress is implicated in the development of immune-mediated arthritis in rats. this study investigated whether the documented hyporesponsiveness of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis in cholestatic rats predisposes them to immune-mediated arthritis. | 1994 | 7926509 |
| vaccination against the nematode trichinella spiralis in high- and low-responder mice. effects of different adjuvants upon protective immunity and immune responsiveness. | groups of nih and c57bl/10 (b10) mice were vaccinated subcutaneously with excretory/secretory material from the nematode parasite trichinella spiralis using a variety of different adjuvants, i.e. complete freund's adjuvant (cfa), 'titermax', alum and iscoms. iscoms were also given orally. nih mice, known to be rapid responders to t. spiralis, expelled their worms earlier than usual with vaccination. the slow-responder b10 mice did not expel worms any earlier, no matter which adjuvant was used. t ... | 1994 | 7927498 |
| monoclonal antibodies against enterotoxigenic escherichia coli colonization factor antigen i (cfa/i) that cross-react immunologically with heterologous cfas. | enterotoxigenic escherichia coli binds to enterocytes in the small intestine by means of antigenically distinct colonization factors (cfs), usually termed colonization factor antigens (cfas), coli surface antigens (cs), or putative colonization factor antigens (pcfs). to explore the immunological relationship between different cfs, we dissociated cfa/i fimbriae into subunits and produced monoclonal antibodies (mabs) against these subunits. we selected three mabs that cross-reacted immunologicall ... | 1994 | 7927693 |
| c-fos expression in the spinal cord and pain-related symptoms induced by chronic arthritis in the rat are prevented by pretreatment with freund adjuvant. | we previously showed that pathological adjuvant-induced arthritis (aia), a chronic pain model, is associated with an increase in the number of fos-like immunoreactivity (fos-li) in lumbar spinal cord neurons; maximal fos-li corresponds to the peak of pathological and behavioral signs of the disease. on the other hand, aia is prevented in rats that have previously been injected with diluted complete freund adjuvant (cfa). here, the effects of pretreatment with cfa were studied in parallel on both ... | 1994 | 7931549 |
| experimental thyroiditis in guinea pigs and rabbits. immunization with thyroglobulin and bovine thyroid gland suspension. | morphological changes in the thyroid glands of the guinea pigs with autoimmune thyroiditis (eat) experimentally induced by thyroglobulin (tgl) or immunization by the suspension of thyroid gland cells with cfa manifested mainly by atrophy and alterations of follicular cells, fibrotic tissue changes, formation of inflammatory lymphoplasmocytic infiltrations, multiplication of c-cells and by the increase in the proportion of lymphocytes with activated nucleoli in the tissue. the antigenic effects o ... | 1993 | 7949404 |
| respiratory epithelial permeability in complete freund's adjuvant rat lung granulomatosis. | to investigate freund's adjuvant-induced changes in respiratory epithelial permeability, we determined the respiratory epithelium clearance of 99mtc-dtpa (rc-dtpa) in rats and the localization of horseradish peroxidase (hrp) across the lung epithelium. rc-dtpa was determined before and after intravenous injection of saline (control) or complete freund's adjuvant (cfa). although the respiratory epithelium was not disrupted, rc-dtpa was increased 15 min after injection of cfa and was still high af ... | 1994 | 7952629 |
| immunizing and curative potential of replicating and nonreplicating murine mammary adenocarcinoma cells engineered with interleukin (il)-2, il-4, il-6, il-7, il-10, tumor necrosis factor alpha, granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor, and gamma-interferon gene or admixed with conventional adjuvants. | to evaluate the efficacy of vaccinations with cytokine-gene-transduced tumor cells, balb/c mice were challenged with 1 x 10(5) parental cells of a syngeneic adenocarcinoma cell line (tsa-pc). no protection was observed in mice immunized 30 days earlier with 1 x 10(5) nonreplicating mitomycin-c-treated tsa-pc alone, or with corynebacterium parvum or complete freund adjuvant (cfa). ten to 30% of mice immunized with nonreplicating cells engineered to produce interleukin (il)-2, il-4, il-6, il-7, il ... | 1994 | 7954438 |
| adhesion of human enterotoxigenic escherichia coli to human mucus secreting ht-29 cell subpopulations in culture. | enterotoxigenic escherichia coli (etec) bearing the fimbrial colonisation factor antigens cfa/i, cfa/ii, cfa/iii, and the non-fimbrial antigen 2230 were tested for their ability to adhere to two cultured human intestinal ht-29 mucus secreting cell subpopulations. these populations are referred to as ht29-mtx and ht29-fu, which differ in the amount of secreted mucins and in their gastric or colonic mucin immunoreactivity respectively. adherence of radiolabelled bacteria to cell monolayers infecte ... | 1994 | 7959203 |
| expression of neuropeptide y and neuropeptide y (y1) receptor mrna in rat spinal cord and dorsal root ganglia following peripheral tissue inflammation. | by using in situ hybridization histochemistry and immunohistochemistry, neuropeptide y (npy) and npy (y1) receptor mrna as well as npy-like immunoreactivity were examined in the lumbar spinal cord (l4-l5) and in dorsal root ganglia (drg, l5) in rats injected with complete freund's adjuvant (cfa) into the hindpaw. a rapid and marked increase in npy mrna expression was observed in ipsilateral dorsal horn neurons 6 hr after inoculation as compared to the contralateral side. this was mainly found in ... | 1994 | 7965047 |
| [virulence of plasmids of diarrhea-causing strains of salmonellae wien and escherichia coli]. | use of molecular genetic methods in the study of sources and ways of spreading the infection provides precise data on the mutual clonal origin of the strains, on the basis of the determination of plasmid dnk maps. results of the investigation of salmonellae wien strain show the same type of resistance to antimicrobial drugs and the impact of resistotypization as an epidemiologic marker. the analysis of the plasmid profile in these strains has confirmed the presence of fime virulence plasmid of 8 ... | 1993 | 7968827 |
| toxic and adhesive properties of escherichia coli strains belonging to classic enteropathogenic serogroups. | twenty-three strains belonging to classic enteropathogenic escherichia coli (epec) serogroups were investigated for the production of heat-labile (lt) and heat-stable (sta) enterotoxins, verotoxins (vt), cytotoxic necrotizing factors cnf1 and cnf2, alpha-haemolysin (hly), necrosis and modification of permeability in rabbit skin, lethal activity to mice, mannose-resistant (mrha) and mannose-sensitive (msha) haemagglutination, relative cell surface hydrophobicity and the expression of p fimbriae. ... | 1993 | 7976209 |
| evaluation of bbb damage in an uv irradiation model by endogenous protein tracers. | autologous serum proteins have proved to be suitable tracer to evaluate vascular permeability. the dynamic behaviour of anti-hrp immunoglobulins was studied in ultraviolet (uv) irradiation induced brain edema. cerebral cortex of 36 anaesthetized adult rats was irradiated following a 2 x 2 mm parietal craniotomy. immunization was carried out by 3 subcutaneous injections of 10 mg hrp in 0.5 ml complete freund adjuvant (cfa), 6, 4 and 2 weeks before the injury. control animals were immunized only w ... | 1994 | 7976527 |
| experimental arthritis and uveitis in rats associated with mycobacterium butyricum. | to determine if the anterior uveitis associated with adjuvant arthritis (aa) in the rat can be passively transferred with arthritis to syngeneic recipients using spleen cells or t cell lines prepared from animals given complete freund's adjuvant (cfa) and mycobacterium butyricum (m. butyricum) in incomplete freund's adjuvant (ifa). | 1994 | 7983652 |
| effect of adjuvant formulations on the induction of virus-neutralizing and virus-binding antibodies by chemosynthetic peptides of vp1 of foot-and-mouth-disease virus. | synthetic peptides corresponding to the 141-160 amino acid sequence of the protein vp1 of virus type o1 kaufbeuren (o1k) and a5 riems (a5r) were conjugated to thyroglobulin and mixed with complete freund's adjuvant (cfa) or incomplete freund's adjuvant (ifa) together with quil a. although the peptide of a5r, together with ifa and quil a, or with cfa, elicited a high antibody response to the virus in the elisa, formula containing both ifa and quil a induced only high titres of virus-neutralizing ... | 1994 | 7985430 |
| experimental autoimmune prostatitis (eap): enhanced release of reactive oxygen intermediates (roi) in peritoneal macrophages. | the metabolic state of peritoneal macrophages is defined quantitatively for spontaneous roi release and compared with those produced after cell contact with phorbol myristate acetate (pma) or zymosan (oz) particles. peritoneal exudate cells (pec) from eap animals spontaneously released significantly more roi than cells from controls rats, indicating that mononuclear phagocytes from autoimmune rats were more activated than populations cells arising from rats injected with bsa, with cfa or non-inj ... | 1993 | 8003615 |
| immune response of heifers to vaginal submucosal or subcutaneous vaccination and intravaginal challenge with ureaplasma diversum. | twenty beef heifers were randomly assigned to five equal groups and vaccinated: group 1--in vaginal submucosa (vm) with ureaplasma diversum ultrasonicated whole cells (wc) in complete freund's adjuvant (cfa); group 2--in vm with u. diversum cell membranes (cm) in cfa; group 3--subcutaneously (sc) with cm in cfa; group 4--in vm with cm alone; and group 5--in vm with phosphate buffered saline (pbs) in cfa. a second vaccination with the same antigens in incomplete freund's adjuvant was given after ... | 1994 | 8004535 |
| murine experimental autoimmune hepatitis: nonspecific inflammation due to adjuvant oil. | experimental autoimmune hepatitis (eah) has been induced in several strains of mouse by immunization with liver cytosol plus freund's complete adjuvant. our goal was to validate eah in female c57bl/6 mice and to compare the ability of immunization with liver cytosol and hepatocyte plasma membranes in freund's complete (cfa) or incomplete (ifa) adjuvants to induce eah. control mice received hank's balanced salt solution (hbss), alone or an emulsion of hbss in either cfa or ifa. the severity of he ... | 1994 | 8020196 |
| the growth phase-dependent synthesis of cyclopropane fatty acids in escherichia coli is the result of an rpos(katf)-dependent promoter plus enzyme instability. | the formation of cyclopropane fatty acids (cfas) in escherichia coli is a post-synthetic modification of the phospholipid bilayer that occurs predominantly as cultures enter the stationary phase of growth. the mechanism of this growth phase-dependent regulation of cfa synthesis was unclear, since log-phase and stationary-phase cultures had been reported to contain similar levels of the enzyme catalysing the reaction (cfa synthase). we report that the timing of cfa synthesis can be explained by t ... | 1994 | 8022273 |
| atopy as a risk factor for cryptogenic fibrosing alveolitis. | in a case-control study of occupational and environmental causes of cryptogenic fibrosing alveolitis we recently observed a higher prevalence of self-reported symptoms of wheeze, rhinitis or conjunctivitis in cases than in controls. to determine objectively whether this was due to a higher prevalence of atopy amongst cases of cfa, we have measured skin sensitivity to common allergens (d. pteronyssinus, grass pollen, and cat fur), eosinophil counts and total immunoglobulin e (ige) in venous blood ... | 1994 | 8036305 |
| colonization factor antigens (cfas) of enterotoxigenic escherichia coli can prime and boost immune responses against heterologous cfas. | the fimbrial colonization factor antigen i (cfa/i) and coli surface antigen 4 (cs4) of enterotoxigenic escherichia coli (etec) are antigenically different, but have closely related n-terminal amino acid sequences. we have studied the capacity of purified cfa/i and cs4 fimbriae respectively to prime and boost immune responses against the homologous and heterologous cfas in parenterally immunized mice. based on initial characterization of the kinetics of the primary and secondary cfa/l immune resp ... | 1994 | 8047001 |
| production and in vivo characterization of a bifunctional antibody (iva039.1) with specificity for the mouse interleukin-2 receptor and vinca alkaloids. | the autoreactive t cell plays a pivotal role in the pathogenesis of type i diabetes in humans and in rodent animal models. elimination or attenuation of these cells may provide a means to treat the disease. the use of antibodies directed to t cells has shown varying degrees of effectiveness in the treatment of autoimmune disease. the use of a bifunctional antibody directed to t cells with a cytolytic agent may provide an additional level of therapeutic efficacy compared to anti-t-cell antibodies ... | 1994 | 8050776 |
| cellular fatty acid composition and phenotypic and cultural characterization of cdc fermentative coryneform groups 3 and 5. | seventy strains of fermentative, asporogenous, gram-positive coccobacilli or short rods form two closely related groups which have been designated cdc fermentative coryneform groups 3 (32 strains, xylose fermenters) and 5 (38 strains, xylose nonfermenters). the two taxa are otherwise similar to each other phenotypically and culturally and by a distinctive staphylococcus-like odor and by cellular fatty acid (cfa) composition. cdc group 3 and cdc group 5 strains have been isolated from clinical so ... | 1994 | 8051247 |
| transfer of experimental allergic neuritis by intra neural injection of sensitized lymphocytes. | the final mediators of immune injury in ean were investigated by intraneural injection of sensitized lymphocytes. unfractionated specifically sensitized cells caused conduction block which was evident within 24 h after injection, reached significance within 3 days and remained depressed for over 12 days. pathological changes at the site of injection showed infiltrating lymphoid and mononuclear cells and significant demyelination. the latter was only evident several days after the electrophysiolo ... | 1994 | 8064309 |
| in vitro chemosensitivity test of malignant gliomas: clinical relevance of test results independent of adjuvant chemotherapy. | tumor specimens of malignant human gliomas were processed in a colony forming assay (cfa, n = 70) and a metabolic test system (mtt-test, n = 49) for in-vitro chemosensitivity testing. the clinical data as well as the complete follow-up of these patients were obtained until their death or at least 2 years of survival. by means of multivariate statistical analysis we demonstrate that both test systems are not influenced by biometrical data of the patient of histopathological parameters of the tumo ... | 1994 | 8067708 |
| allergen-dependent induction of interleukin-4 synthesis in vivo. | the ability of freshly derived t cells to produce interleukin-4 (il-4) remains controversial. many groups report that freshly derived antigen-, allogen- or mitogen-activated cd4 t cells produce almost exclusively il-2, acquiring the capacity to produce a spectrum of cytokines following culture, rest and restimulation. in contrast, it is demonstrated here that in vivo exposure to protein allergens induces rapid, co-ordinate activation of il-4 and interferon-gamma (ifn-gamma) gene expression. over ... | 1993 | 8094711 |
| immunization of rabbits with enterotoxigenic e. coli colonization factor antigen (cfa/i) encapsulated in biodegradable microspheres of poly (lactide-co-glycolide). | we have searched for an effective oral delivery system for a purified enterotoxigenic escherichia coli (etec) fimbrial adhesin, cfa/i, which elicits anti-colonization immunity. purified cfa/i antigen encapsulated in biodegradable polymer microspheres of poly (dl-lactide-co-glycolide) (plg) induced a vigorous, systemic cfa/i igg antibody response in rabbits immunized once via intragastric tube; oral, unencapsulated cfa/i induced little or no circulating antibody. cfa/i-specific, s-iga coproantibo ... | 1993 | 8094929 |
| induction of colonization factor antigen i (cfa/i) and coli surface antigen 4 (cs4) of enterotoxigenic escherichia coli: relevance for vaccine production. | regulatory proteins control the expression of the fimbrial colonization factor antigens cfa/i and cs4 of enterotoxigenic escherichia coli (etec). to examine the mechanism behind lack of expression of these antigens in spontaneous cfa-negative mutants, we mobilized a recombinant plasmid harbouring the cfad gene, which encodes a positive regulator of cfa/i and cs4 expression, into such derivatives. in electron microscopy, the induced surface structures were morphologically identical to the fimbria ... | 1993 | 8094932 |
| characterization of monoclonal antibodies against putative colonization factors of enterotoxigenic escherichia coli and their use in an epidemiological study. | monoclonal antibodies (mabs) against five putative colonization factors (pcfs), i.e., colonization factor antigen (cfa)/iii, coli surface antigen (cs)7 and cs17, pcfo159, and pcfo166 of enterotoxigenic escherichia coli (etec), were produced. hybridomas (one each) producing specific antibodies against the respective pcfs were selected. all the mabs reacted with the corresponding fimbriae but not with cfa/i, cfa/ii, or cfa/iv or the heterologous pcfs in bacterial agglutination and enzyme-linked im ... | 1993 | 8096215 |
| heterogeneity of type iii procollagen n-terminal peptides in bal fluid from normal and fibrotic lungs. | levels of the n-terminal propeptide of type iii collagen (piiinp) in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (balf) are thought to reflect type iii collagen production by the lungs, and increased levels have been reported in patients with pulmonary fibrosis. we wanted to know more about the relative proportions of these peptides in normal balf, whether they altered in pulmonary fibrosis, and whether lymphoid tissue is capable of clearing piiinps. in this study, we used a radioimmunoassay which detects the ... | 1993 | 8112436 |
| effects of preinduced candida-specific systemic cell-mediated immunity on experimental vaginal candidiasis. | it has been postulated that systemic cell-mediated immunity (cmi) is an important host defense factor against recurrent vaginal infections caused by candida albicans. using an estrogen-dependent murine model of vaginal candidiasis, we have previously shown that mice inoculated vaginally with c. albicans acquire a persistent vaginal infection and develop candida-specific th1-type systemic cmi. in the present study, experimental vaginitis was monitored in the presence of preinduced systemic candid ... | 1994 | 8112837 |
| t cell receptor peptide therapy for autoimmune encephalomyelitis: stronger immunization is necessary for effective vaccination. | although t cell receptor (tcr) peptide therapy was initially reported to be a very effective method for prevention of the development of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (eae), it was recently demonstrated that the same peptide immunization led to enhanced and chronic eae in some cases. in the present study, we examined the effect of the tcr peptide (v beta 8.2-39-59) vaccination on the development of eae by employing several immunization protocols. we found that tcr peptide vaccination ... | 1994 | 8118876 |
| superantigen modulation of experimental allergic encephalomyelitis: activation of anergy determines outcome. | experimental allergic encephalomyelitis (eae) is an autoimmune disease that can be induced by the adoptive transfer of cd4, myelin basic protein (mbp)-specific t cells. superantigens activate t cells expressing appropriate tcr v genes. in this study, mbp-specific t cells activated in vitro with a superantigen, staphylococcal enterotoxin b (seb), could adoptively transfer a severe form of eae in (plxsjl)f1 mice, but did not transfer disease in pl/j or sjl/j mice. seb treatment of donor mice anerg ... | 1994 | 8120406 |
| affiliations among steroid receptors as revealed by multivariate analysis of steroid binding data. | to illustrate the informative value of descriptive multivariate analysis in biochemical screening, we have analyzed several data matrices relating to the binding of steroids to the estrogen, progestin, androgen, glucocorticoid and mineralocorticoid receptors in different organs and species. we first compared dendrograms of steroid hormone receptors, that were obtained by an automatic hierarchical classification analysis of the binding data, to published phylogenetic trees of nuclear receptors ba ... | 1994 | 8136304 |