| role of cellular density, in vitro, in anti-tumor activity of cfa-treated and immunized cells. | incorporation of tritiated deoxythymidine (3hdt) into dna was used to measure growth, in vitro, of p815 tumor cells admixed with spleen and peritoneal effector cells. at a high tumor cell density ((1x10(5) cells per dish), using anti-theta and anti-macrophage sera, t-cells and macrophages from the peritoneum of immunized mice could be identified as cells possessing anti-tumor activity. a nonspecific inhibition by normal effector cells, which occurred at the high tumor cell density, did not occur ... | 1976 | 1008014 |
| the immune response of brown trout (salmo trutta l.) to injection with soluble antigens. | the immune response of brown trout (salmo trutta) to horse serum and keyhole limpet haemocyanin was studied. intraperitoneal and intramuscular injections were used, with and without adjuvant, in 209 fish. complement-fixing antibodies (cfa) and precipitins were produced to both antigens. cfa were detected after 8 days to haemocyanin and after 13 days to horse serum. maximum cfa titres to a single intraperitoneal injection of horse serum or haemocyanin were reached at 44 and 43-46 days respectivel ... | 1976 | 1022141 |
| lung water and capillary permeability in pulmonary sarcoid-like granulomatosis. | the subject of our research was the use of multiple indicators to study the lungs of rats during a pathological process induced by complete freund's adjuvant (cfa). the parameters studied were extravascular water (idqwl), the capillary permeability of [14c]sucrose, and the unrecovered fraction of [3h5glucose. we ascertained that idqwl gives a valuable estimate of total pulmonary water (r=0.91, n=30) and allows a satisfactory quantification of granulomatosis, as is shown by the comparison between ... | 1976 | 1067016 |
| in vitro studies on the enhancement of rauscher virus-induced erythroblastosis by complete freund's adjuvant in balb/c mice. | inoculation of complete freund's adjuvant (cfa) into balb/c mice either before or after infection with rauscher murine leukemia virus (mulv-r) led to an acceleration of the disease as determined by spleen weight. treatment with cfa also induced a higher number of spleen erythroblast foci and, in the bone marrow, erythropoietin-independent cells that produced erythroid colonies in vitro. cfa induced in the bone marrow not only an increase in myeloid progenitor cells that can produce colonies in a ... | 1976 | 1069856 |
| t cell requirement for experimental allergic encephalomyelitis induction in the rat. | the question of whether a cell-mediated or a humoral mechanism initiates eae in rats sensitized with bp-cfa was investigated. the requirement of t cells for eae induction was manifested when tx, irradiated rats were reconstituted with normal lymphoid cells treated with ats and then injected with bp-cfa. neither eae nor antibody was produced, indicating the t cell dependency of bp specific antibody production. more precise information regarding the role of the t cell in the production of eae was ... | 1976 | 1084904 |
| cutaneous basophil hypersensitivity uncovered in the cell transfer of classical tuberculin hypersensitivity. | cellular transfer of cutaneous basophil hypersensitivity (cbh) was studied. guinea pigs immunized for cbh with incomplete freund's adjuvant (ifa) provided cells which could transfer delayed and basophil-rich reactions in skin tests of recipients. guinea pigs immunized with complete classical tuberculin-type delayed hypersensitivity reactions (dh), which are characteristically devoid of basophils. however, recipients of cells from donors with dh, surprisingly, were found to have delayed skin reac ... | 1976 | 1085308 |
| mast cell sensitizing antibody (mcsab) response in experimental candidiasis: chromatographic studies. | a single dose of the yeast-like fungus candida albicans (ca), mixed with complete freund's adjuvant (cfa), and inoculated into guinea-pig foot-pads, provoked the productions of homologous mast cell sensitizing antibodies (mcsab) present in the psii-globulin fraction only, and of agglutinins localized in the same fraction. heterologous mcsab and skin-sensitizing antibodies detectable by passive cutaneous anaphylaxis (pca) were constantly absent. these facts are in contradiction to results of prev ... | 1975 | 1098354 |
| selection and properties of escherichia coli mutants defective in the synthesis of cyclopropane fatty acids. | mutants of escherichia coli k-12 defective in the synthesis of cyclopropane fatty acids (cfa) have been selected and isolated by a l-[methyl-3h]methionine suicide procedure. two mutants were isolated. stationary-phase cultures of both mutants contain less than 0.7% of the cfa content found in the parental strain. the cfa deficiency is attributed to a deficiency of cfa synthetase activity. extracts of both mutants contain less than 10% of the cfa synthetase activity found in extracts of the paren ... | 1976 | 1107324 |
| allergic encephalomyelitis in the reputedly resistant brown norway strain of rats. | brown norway (bn) rats are much less susceptible to experimental allergic encephalomyelitis (eae) than lewis rats. nevertheless, bn rats developed severe eae, even paralysis, when immunized with rat spinal cord and carbonyl iron adjuvant. complete freund's adjuvant (cfa) was much less effective. the use of both cfa and pertussis vaccine with rat cord was moderately, but not consistently, effective. guinea pig spinal cord was weakly encephalitogenic to bn rats with all adjuvant combinations. we w ... | 1975 | 1120901 |
| occurrence of colonization factor antigens i & ii in enterotoxigenic escherichia coli associated diarrhoea in iran & correlation with severity of disease. | the occurrence of colonization factor antigens i and ii (cfa/i and ii) and type 1 somatic pili was investigated in 197 enterotoxigenic esch. coli (etec) isolated from 197 patients of diarrhoea (aged under 3 yr) during february 1985 to march 1986 in tehran, iran. among etec strains, 154 strains were heat-stable enterotoxin (st) producers, 27 strains were heat-labile enterotoxin (lt) producers, and 16 strains produced both toxins. sixty five (33%) strains showed mannose-resistant haemagglutination ... | 1992 | 1354654 |
| suppression of antibody synthesis to dinitrophenylated bovine gamma globulin in contact-sensitized guinea pigs. | the anti-dnp response to dnp-bgg is substantially suppressed in guinea pigs sensitized to dncb. the degree of antibody suppression varies with the mode of skin sensitization and with the degree of conjugation of the challenging immunogen. suppression of the anti-hsa response was also induced by the prior injection of cfa. | 1975 | 1144454 |
| [study of the possibilities of inactivating adeno-associated virus type 4]. | adeno-associated type 4 virus (aav-4) is inactivated by formalin dilutions 1 : 400, 1 : 1000 and 1 : 2000 for 24 hours at 37 degrees c. under these conditions hemogglutinins (ha) and complement-fixing antigen (cfa) are retained. the residual formalin must be neutralized with sodium bisulphite. aav-4 can also be inactivated by 3% hydrogen peroxide and ha and cfa are retained too. hydrogen peroxide may be neutralized with catalase. no inactivation of aav-4 could be achieved with lowere concentrati ... | 1975 | 1162954 |
| relationship between the response to complete freund adjuvant, phytohemagglutinin, and subsequent tumor growth in mice. | groups of inbred c3h mice selected on the basis of strong or weak ppd reactions after sensitization with complete freund adjuvant had significantly different reactions to pha. the growth rate of a methylcholanthrene-induced tumor, previously shown to elicit a cell-mediated immune response, was significantly different in these two groups of mice. the basis for the marked variation observed between members of an inbred mouse strain in response to cfa is not understood but may bear an important pot ... | 1975 | 1184209 |
| serum-mediated immunoresponses to spermatozoa. | sixty male lewis rats were immunized in groups of 10 by: (i) conventional vasectomy with ligation of the vas deferens; (ii) vasectomy without ligation of the vas deferens; (iii) sham vasectomy (control); (iv) subcutaneous injection of 10(9) allogeneic spermatozoa (from inbred bn rats) in complete freund's adjuvant (cfa); (v) subcutaneous injection of 10(9) syngeneic spermatoza in cfa; (vi) subcutaneous injection of 10(9) syngeneic spleen cells in cfa (control). one in vivo and one in vitro assay ... | 1975 | 1191388 |
| experimental uveitis induced by prostatic antigens. | experimental uveitis was induced in male rats following their repeated systemic and intravitreous immunization with prostatic antigen and cfa. the ensuing uveitis was proved histologically. heteroimmunized rabbits and female animals showed less response and the level of antibodies detected was lower. anti-prostatic antibodies were determined by the trc flocculation and pca techniques. ouchterlony's method gave positive results not only for prostatic but also for other ocular antigens when tested ... | 1976 | 1250224 |
| in vitro hemolysis of autologous erythrocytes caused by immune murine spleen cells and spherules of the fungus coccidioides immitis. | this communication describes an in vitro system wherein mouse erythrocytes are lysed in the presence of spherules of the fungus coccidioides immitis and spleen cells from syngeneic mice immunized with a variety of antigens. the antigens include: tobacco mosaic virus in complete freund's adjuvant (cfa), cfa alone, separate components of cfa, sheep erythrocytes, and allogeneic tumor. spleen cells from mice sublethally infected with c. immitis are also capable of participating in this response. the ... | 1976 | 1254972 |
| the effect of complete freund--adjuvant on chronic proliferating inflammation in an experimental granuloma model. | histometric, biochemical, radiochemical and autoradiographic studies were undertaken to investigate the influence of complete freund-adjuvant (cfa) on a defined chronic proliferating inflammation of a granuloma model in two different experimental situations. where as the percentage fraction of the fibroblasts, 3h-thymidine marking index of the fibroblasts and the impulse rate of the fibroblasts and endothelial cells do not differ from the values found for the control animals, both the protein an ... | 1976 | 1266421 |
| immune reproductive failure: effect of nonspecific immunostimulation in mouse model. | there is much evidence that pregnancy loss may be immunologically mediated. failure of the maternal immune system to actively support the pregnancy may be responsible for its demise. potentiation of immune functions has been attempted in humans; however, the success of immunotherapy is still not clear. thus immunotherapy experiments in mouse models are important. nonspecific immuno-stimulation with complete freund adjuvant (cfa) was shown in our laboratory to reverse the tendency to fetal loss i ... | 1992 | 1285900 |
| immune features in complete freund adjuvant-treated cba/j mouse model. | immunostimulation with complete freund adjuvant (cfa) reverses the tendency to fetal loss in the cba/j x dba/2j mouse. first attempts to understand the mechanisms underlying this effect were to evaluate phenotypic and functional changes in the lymphocytic cell population after immunopotentiation. we demonstrated that treatment with cfa leads to diminished responses of maternal splenocytes towards paternal alloantigens and this low response cannot be improved with exogenous interleukin-2. lymphoc ... | 1992 | 1285901 |
| [occurrence of mannose- resistant adhesins mrha in e.coli strains isolated from children with diarrhea]. | the study was aimed at determination of the frequency of occurrence of mannose-resistant adhesins in e. coli strains isolated from children with diarrhoea. it was also of interest whether their presence is associated with the serological type or other virulence factors. the material used in this study consisted of 1022 strains of e. coli (epec, etec and eiec) and 3431 isolates from sick children and 960 from healthy children (non-epec-etec-eiec). enterotoxigenicity and entero-invasiveness of str ... | 1992 | 1297029 |
| immunogenicity of recombinant core particles of hepatitis b virus containing epitopes of human immunodeficiency virus 1 core antigen. | a gag protein segment of human immunodeficiency virus 1 (hiv-1) has been fused to a c terminally truncated core antigen of hepatitis b virus (hbcag) using an e. coli expression system. fusion of 90 amino acids of hiv-1 gag protein to hbcag still allowed the formation of capsids presenting on their surface epitopes of hiv-1 core protein, whereas fusion of 317, 189, or 100 amino acids of gag prevented self-assembly of chimeric particles. mice immunized with recombinant particles emulsified with fr ... | 1992 | 1381912 |
| roles of different putative colonization factor antigens in colonization of human enterotoxigenic escherichia coli in rabbits. | the role of some well-characterized putative colonization factors (pcfs) in enterotoxigenic escherichia coli (etec), i.e. pcfo159, pcfo166, cs7, cs17 and cfa/iii, for colonization of the bacteria in the intestine was studied in a non-ligated rabbit intestine model (ritard). intestinal administration of 10(11) organisms of the various strains only resulted in very mild symptoms with loose stools during a few days in most of the animals. strains expressing pcfo159, cs7, cs17 and cfa/iii were shed ... | 1992 | 1297915 |
| relationship between enterotoxigenic escherichia coli and diarrhea among children in buenos aires. | the incidence of enterotoxigenic escherichia coli (etec) has been studied in 85 children with acute diarrhea in patients in the hospital de niños pedro de elizalde, buenos aires, and in 38 healthy children. all of them were up to four years old and none had received antibiotic treatment within 7 days before sampling. etec was recovered in 9 out of 85 (10.6%) children with diarrhea. from these positive cases, 6 were associated with heat-stable (st), 1 with heat-labile (lt) and 2 with both lt and ... | 1992 | 1308901 |
| expression of receptors for enterotoxigenic escherichia coli during enterocytic differentiation of human polarized intestinal epithelial cells in culture. | to study the expression of human intestinal receptors for enterotoxigenic escherichia coli (etec), the human polarized intestinal epithelial cell line caco-2 in culture and several subpopulations of ht-29 cells in culture--parental (mainly undifferentiated) ht-29 cells (ht-29 std), an enterocytelike subpopulation obtained by selection through glucose deprivation (ht-29 glc-), and an enterocytelike subpopulation obtained by selection through glucose deprivation which maintains its differentiation ... | 1992 | 1319401 |
| [antigenicity tests of suplatast tosilate (ipd-1151t)]. | antigenicity of suplatast tosilate (ipd-1151t) was investigated in guinea pigs and mice. the results were as follows: 1. homologous passive cutaneous anaphylaxis (pca), active systemic anaphylaxis (asa), active cutaneous anaphylaxis (aca) and schultz-dale reaction tests were carried out using guinea pigs which were immunized orally with ipd-1151t alone or subcutaneously with ipd-1151t and freund's complete adjuvants (cfa). positive reactions in these tests were not produced by eliciting injectio ... | 1992 | 1321263 |
| production of leukotrienes and thromboxane by resident and activated rat alveolar macrophages: a possible role of protein kinase c. | arachidonic acid metabolism in resident rat alveolar macrophages and in those activated with complete freund's adjuvant (cfa) was studied. adult sprague-dawley rats were injected with 0.05 ml cfa, and macrophages were harvested 10 days later. macrophages were labeled overnight with carbon 14-labeled arachidonic acid, washed, and then stimulated with calcium ionophore a23187 (ioa), phorbol myristate acetate (pma), or zymosan for 30 minutes. prostaglandins, thromboxane, and leukotrienes were extra ... | 1992 | 1325531 |
| effect of bezafibrate and clofibric acid on the spectroscopic properties of the nitric oxide derivative of ferrous human hemoglobin. | the effect of bezafibrate (bzf) and clofibric acid (cfa) on the spectroscopic (epr and absorbance) properties of the nitric oxide derivative of ferrous human hemoglobin (hbno) has been investigated quantitatively. in the presence of bzf and cfa, the x-band epr spectra and the absorption spectra in the soret region of hbno display the same basic characteristics described in the presence of inositol hexakisphosphate (ihp) and 2, 3-diphosphoglycerate (2,3-dpg). next, in the presence of these allost ... | 1992 | 1326599 |
| t cells expressing the gamma delta t-cell receptor potentiate coxsackievirus b3-induced myocarditis. | initial studies determined whether intraperitoneal (i.p.) injection of balb/c mice with 0.1, 1.0, and 10 mg of adriamycin (a cardiotoxic anthracycline antibiotic) for times ranging between 1 and 9 weeks prior to i.p. injection of 10(5) pfu of coxsackievirus b3 (cvb3) would alter the severity of virus-induced myocarditis. prior adriamycin exposure enhanced pathogenicity of a poorly pathogenic cvb3 variant (h310a1) but had no effect on myocarditis produced by the pathogenic variant (h3). cardiac v ... | 1992 | 1328680 |
| peripheral nervous system demyelination from systemic transfer of experimental allergic neuritis serum. | the ability of systemically transferred experimental allergic neuritis (ean) serum to produce ean lesions in recipient animals was studied. seventeen lewis rats received five daily 1-ml intraperitoneal (i.p.) injections of sera from rabbits with ean induced with bovine myelin/complete freund's adjuvant (cfa). another 17 rats received similar injections of sera from rabbits inoculated with cfa alone. on day 0 (the first day of i.p. injections), all rats were injected in the proximal tibial branch ... | 1992 | 1334966 |
| blocking factors (soluble membrane receptors) for tumor necrosis factor and lymphotoxin detected in ascites and released in short-term cultures obtained from ascites and solid tumors in women with gynecologic malignancy. | studies were conducted to identify and establish the cell and tissue source of blocking factors (bf), materials that inhibit the bioactivity of human tnf and lt in vitro. ascites and samples of solid tumors were collected from women with various gynecologic malignancies. supernatants were collected from cultures of tumor and ascites cells after 24, 48, and 72 h. cell-free ascites (cfa) and culture supernatants were tested for their ability to block human recombinant tnf and lt-induced lysis of l ... | 1992 | 1335764 |
| characterization of experimental rat nephroblastoma and its cell line. | rat nephroblastoma (wilms' tumor) was induced by transplacental administration of n-ethyl-nitrosourea (enu). the induced renal tumors were histologically compatible with human nephroblastoma. a cultured cell line (enu-t-1) established from a xenotransplant, showed similar morphological and biological features to cultured embryonal kidney cells. introduction of normal human chromosome #11 (#11) bearing wilms' tumor suppressor gene(s) (wt) suppressed colony-forming ability on soft agar plates (cfa ... | 1992 | 1339105 |
| mechanisms of complete freund's adjuvant protection against diabetes in bb rats: induction of non-specific suppressor cells. | we have previously reported that a single injection of complete freund's adjuvant (cfa) can prevent diabetes appearance in diabetes-prone (dp) bb rats. in this study, we investigated further the mechanism of cfa-induced protection from diabetes. we found that adoptive transfer of splenic cells from cfa-treated dp rats into young dp rats protected the latter from diabetes development. this suggested that cfa-induced protection from diabetes resulted from activation of regulatory (suppressor) cell ... | 1992 | 1343767 |
| production of hemagglutinins and pili by vibrio mimicus and its adherence to human and rabbit small intestines in vitro. | clinical isolate of vibrio mimicus were examined for production of cell-associated hemagglutinin (ha) and pili and for adherence to formalin-fixed human intestinal mucosa. v. mimicus grown on cfa agar for 3 h at 37 degrees c possessed ha and adhered better to the mucus layer than to the epithelial cell surface. a significant correlation was found between the ha titers and adherence ability to the epithelial cell surface of villi (p less than 0.05); adherence to the ileal lymphoid follicle-associ ... | 1992 | 1349543 |
| the complete nucleotide sequence of region 1 of the cfa/i fimbrial operon of human enterotoxigenic escherichia coli. | the production of the plasmid-encoded fimbrial antigen cfa/i of enterotoxigenic escherichia coli requires two dna regions: cfa/i region 1 and cfa/i region 2. these two regions are separated by about 40 kb on the wildtype plasmid. cfa/i region 1 contains the structural genes, whereas cfa/i region 2 contains a positive regulator. the first two genes (cfaa and cfab) and the cfad' sequence of region 1 have already been described. here the total nucleotide sequence of region 1 is presented. two new g ... | 1992 | 1352712 |
| genetic relationship of putative colonization factor o166 to colonization factor antigen i and coli surface antigen 4 of enterotoxigenic escherichia coli. | plasmid dna from two strains of enterotoxigenic escherichia coli harboring genes encoding coli surface antigen 4 (cs4) and from seven indian enterotoxigenic e. coli isolates cross-hybridized at low stringency but not at high stringency with two polynucleotide probes derived from the colonization factor antigen i (cfa/i) operon. low-stringency southern blot hybridization of psti-digested plasmid dna from the seven indian isolates yielded characteristic restriction fragment patterns, distinct from ... | 1992 | 1354200 |
| role of fimbrial adhesins in the pathogenesis of escherichia coli infections. | escherichia coli strains are able to cause intestinal (enteritis, diarrhoeal diseases) and extraintestinal (urinary tract infections, sepsis, meningitis) infections. most pathogenic e. coli strains produce specific fimbrial adhesins, which represent essential colonization factors: intestinal e. coli strains very often carry transferable plasmids with gene clusters specific for fimbrial adhesins, like k88 and k99, or colonization factor antigens (cfa) i and ii. in contrast, the fimbrial gene clus ... | 1992 | 1356608 |
| hyperprolactinaemia in hypophysectomized or intact male rats and the development of adjuvant arthritis. | in rats, complete freund's adjuvant (cfa), injected at the base of the tail, induced a hyperactivation of cellular immune functions and triggered the development of adjuvant arthritis (aa). before onset of arthritis (days 9-10 upon cfa), the positive control rats showed significant increases of pituitary prolactin (prl) mrna accumulation (days 3-5). on the other hand, production of pituitary growth hormone (gh) mrna was significantly reduced from day 3 onwards. during this early latent period, p ... | 1992 | 1478689 |
| [determination of colonization factor antigens cfa in diagnosis of enterotoxigenic strains of escherichia coli]. | this study was aimed at establishment whether preliminary determination of colonization factor antigens cfa may be useful in selection of potentially pathogenic strains of escherichia coli with serological types belonging to etec and 750 isolates of e. coli from children with symptoms of diarrhoea. enterotoxigenicity of strains was evaluated by suckling mice test and culture of y1 cell tissue. colonization factor antigens cfa were evaluated on the basis of slide agglutination and agar gel immuno ... | 1992 | 1363959 |
| colonization factor antigen cfa/iv (pcf8775) of human enterotoxigenic escherichia coli: nucleotide sequence of the cs5 determinant. | human enterotoxigenic escherichia coli isolates expressing the colonization factor antigen cfa/iv (previously designated pcf8775) produce plasmid-encoded cs5 fimbriae. the nucleotide sequence of the region encoding the major cs5 fimbrial subunit was determined. the subunit is synthesized as a precursor of 203 amino acids (20.85 kda) with a mature protein of 181 amino acids corresponding to a size of 18.6 kda. the cs5 subunit shows homology to the corresponding component of porcine enterotoxigeni ... | 1992 | 1371766 |
| identification of thyroiditogenic epitope on porcine thyroid peroxidase for c57bl/6 mice. | c57bl/6 mice show thyroid lesions when immunized with porcine thyroid peroxidase (ptpo) emulsified in cfa. we attempted to clarify a thyroiditogenic epitope on ptpo. thyroid peroxidase treated with cyanogen bromide was fractionated by reverse phase chromatography, and six fractions (a to f) were obtained. two of these fractions (d and e) stimulated lymph node cells (lnc) primed with ptpo in vitro and induced thyroiditis in vivo. tricine-sds-page and rechromatography showed that fraction d consis ... | 1992 | 1372023 |
| studies of v beta 8 t cell receptor peptide treatment in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis. | lewis rats immunized with t cell receptor (tcr) variable region peptide v beta 8 in complete freund's adjuvant (cfa) were protected against experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (eae) induced with myelin basic protein in cfa, although variable protection was also observed in rats injected with control peptide in cfa, or cfa alone. however, this adjuvant-mediated protection could be avoided by immunizing with tcr peptide in incomplete adjuvant (ifa). clinical, but not histologic eae was suppr ... | 1992 | 1372325 |
| antigen-specific inhibition of the adoptive transfer of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis in lewis rats. | the efficacy of antigen-specific immunoregulation as a treatment for the efferent limb of an autoimmune disease was tested in a rat model of adoptive experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (eae). lewis rats receiving 4-5 x 10(7) guinea pig (gp) myelin basic protein (mbp)-activated lymph node t cell blasts from gpmbp/cfa sensitized donors routinely show clinical signs of disease 5-6 days post transfer. intravenous injection of gpmbp coupled to syngeneic splenocytes using the chemical cross-lin ... | 1992 | 1373153 |
| the synthetic 87-99 peptide of myelin basic protein is encephalitogenic in buffalo rats. | a synthetic peptide corresponding to residues 87-99 (s87-99) of myelin basic protein (bp) induced the proliferation of an encephalitogenic, bp-specific t cell line selected in vitro from inbred buffalo-strain rats (rt1b). active immunization with guinea pig (gp)-bp or s87-99 in complete freund's adjuvant (cfa) and intravenous pertussigen induced acute experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (eae) 10-12 days after immunization. fifty percent of recovered rats developed a single relapse 17-21 da ... | 1992 | 1373154 |
| a study of autologous anti-idiotypic antibody-forming cells in mice of different ages and genetic backgrounds. | antibody response to phosphorylcholine, an immunodominant epitope of streptococcus pneumoniae r36a (pn), is characterized by a public idiotype, t15, that is expressed on a large proportion of antibody molecules produced by all mouse inbred strains. the ability of the immune system to produce an autologous antibody to t15 upon immunization with pn vaccine was investigated using a modified elisa plaque assay for detection of single antibody-forming cells (afc). the limit of elisa assay for detecti ... | 1992 | 1394446 |
| tumor necrosis factor production is deficient in diabetes-prone bb rats and can be corrected by complete freund's adjuvant: a possible immunoregulatory role of tumor necrosis factor in the prevention of diabetes. | the bio-breeding (bb) rat develops spontaneous insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (iddm) and provides a useful animal model to study this human autoimmune disease. treatment of bb rats with tumor necrosis factor (tnf) has been reported to prevent the development of iddm. this suggests that deficient tnf production may be involved in the immunopathogenesis of autoimmune diabetes. in this study, we evaluated tnf production in diabetes-resistant (dr) bb rats, diabetes-prone (dp) bb rats, and dp bb ... | 1992 | 1395129 |
| enterotoxigenic and necrotizing escherichia coli in human diarrhoea in spain. | enterotoxigenic escherichia coli (etec) strains of serotype 0153: k-:h45 cfa/i+ sta+ were associated with two outbreaks of neonatal diarrhoea that occurred in two different hospitals of madrid, in one of which several children died. two other outbreaks were associated with etec strains of serotypes 0159: k-:h21 (lt+) and 0159: k-:h4 (lt+ sta+) without cfa/i and cfa/ii colonization factors. necrotizing e. coli (ntec) strains of serotype 06:k13, producing the cytotoxic necrotizing factor cnf1 and ... | 1992 | 1397224 |
| pathogen and host differences in bacterial adherence to human buccal epithelial cells in a northeast brazilian community. | the adherence of several strains of escherichia coli to human buccal epithelial cells was studied, using cells obtained from five groups: healthy adults, healthy children, children with acute diarrhea, children with persistent diarrhea associated with cryptosporidial parasites, and children with noncryptosporidial persistent diarrhea. all groups lived or worked in an urban slum in northeastern brazil. samples of buccal epithelial cells from subjects in each of these groups were incubated with wi ... | 1992 | 1398990 |
| use of acaid to suppress interphotoreceptor retinoid binding protein-induced experimental autoimmune uveitis. | experimental autoimmune uveitis (eau) was induced by immunization with bovine interphotoreceptor retinoid binding protein (irbp) in b10.a mice. the experiments were performed to evaluate whether anterior chamber associated immune deviation (acaid) can be induced by irbp when injected intracamerally. the results indicate that anterior chamber (ac) injection of irbp impaired the development of irbp-specific delayed hypersensitivity and prevented the expression of eau following immunization with ir ... | 1992 | 1424755 |
| active cutaneous anaphylaxis (aca) in the mouse ear. | active cutaneous anaphylaxis (aca) was studied in the ear of female balb/c mice. mice were immunized with ovalbumin in the presence of aluminium hydroxide gel or complete freund's adjuvant (cfa). two weeks after the immunization, aca was elicited in the mouse ear by injecting 10 microliters of antigen solution intradermally into the ear lobe. aca was assessed by the amount of extravasated dye, which was given intravenously just after the antigen injection. antiallergic drugs (tranilast, ketotife ... | 1992 | 1434116 |
| cyclopropane fatty acid synthase of escherichia coli: deduced amino acid sequence, purification, and studies of the enzyme active site. | cyclopropane fatty acid (cfa) synthase of escherichia coli catalyzes a modification of the acyl chains of phospholipid bilayers. we report (i) identification of the cfa synthase protein, (ii) overproduction (> 600-fold) and purification to essential homogeneity of the enzyme, and (iii) the amino acid sequence of cfa synthase as deduced from the nucleotide sequence of the cfa gene. cfa synthase was overproduced by use of the t7 promoter/rna polymerase system under closely defined conditions. the ... | 1992 | 1445840 |
| the effects of a non-competitive nmda receptor antagonist, mk-801, on behavioral hyperalgesia and dorsal horn neuronal activity in rats with unilateral inflammation. | the involvement of nmda receptors in rats with peripheral inflammation and hyperalgesia was evaluated by administration of the non-competitive nmda receptor antagonist, mk-801. inflammation and hyperalgesia was induced by intradermal injection of complete freund's adjuvant (cfa) or carrageenan into the left hind paw. the latency of paw withdrawal from a thermal stimulus was used as a measure of hyperalgesia in awake rats. mk-801 (1.6 mg/kg, i.p., or 31.5 micrograms, intrathecal) significantly at ... | 1992 | 1454389 |
| development of an irradiated vaccine that protects against enterotoxigenic escherichia coli diarrhoea. | in the pathogenesis of diarrhoea in man bacteria adhesion to enterocytes is mediated by specific cfa/i or cfa/ii antigens. a perorally administered vaccine was prepared from e. coli h10407 (078:h11) by irradiation with electrons with high energy (ehe). two hours after cimetidine administration rats were immunized per os with 5 irradiated vaccine doses at 4-day intervals. seven days after the last immunization animals were infected by inoculating 1 x 10(9) germs in the ligated intestinal loop. re ... | 1992 | 1457822 |
| adjuvant composition determines the induction of type ii collagen-induced arthritis. | in this study we have investigated the influence of adjuvant composition on the development of collagen-induced arthritis and of anti-collagen type ii specific b- and t-cell responses following immunization with type ii collagen. dba/l mice immunized with bovine collagen type ii emulsified in complete freund's adjuvant (cfa) containing mycobacterium tuberculosis strain h37ra developed footpad swelling indicative of arthritis. animals immunized with collagen type ii plus cfa containing mycobacter ... | 1992 | 1615283 |
| spontaneous remission in experimental autoimmune labyrinthitis. | we investigated the time course of hearing impairment and cellular infiltration into the inner ear after systemic sensitization of guinea pigs with a single intradermal injection of bovine inner ear antigen (ieag) in complete freund's adjuvant (cfa). lymphocytes and polymorphonucleocytes appeared mainly in the scala tympani on days 7 to 14, and in addition there was thickening and cellular infiltration of the round window membrane at day 14. these cellular infiltrations resolved after day 28. th ... | 1992 | 1463291 |
| the m20 il-1 inhibitor prevents onset of adjuvant arthritis. | cytokines, specifically il-1 and tnf, have been implicated as important mediators of joint destruction in rheumatoid arthritis (ra). elevated levels of il-1 in the joint fluid of patients with ra have been reported, as well as the presence of il-1 inhibitory activity. we have reported the characterization of an inhibitor derived from a myelomonocytic cell line cloned in our laboratory which is specific for il-1. this il-1 inhibitor is protein in nature which specifically inhibits activity in vit ... | 1992 | 1622745 |
| inhibition of chronic relapsing experimental allergic encephalomyelitis in the biozzi ab/h mouse. | chronic relapsing experimental allergic encephalomyelitis (creae) can be reproducibly induced in biozzi ab/h mice following injection of spinal cord homogenate (sch) emulsified in complete freund's adjuvant (cfa). active clinical disease is associated with mononuclear cell infiltration of the central nervous system (cns), mainly the spinal cord. whole brain homogenate (bh), however, failed to induce clinical or histological disease. in contrast, substituting sciatic nerve homogenate in the inocu ... | 1992 | 1469077 |
| iodine content of rat thyroglobulin affects its antigenicity in inducing lymphocytic thyroiditis in the bb/wor rat. | the bb/wor rat develops spontaneous insulin dependent diabetes mellitus (dm) and lymphocytic thyroiditis (lt). we have recently demonstrated that immunization of bb/wor rats with allogeneic thyroglobulin (tg) induces lt at an early age. the incidence of spontaneous and tg induced lt is extremely variable among different bb/wor sublines. it has been shown that high iodine diet significantly increases the incidence of spontaneous lymphocytic thyroiditis (lt) and low iodine diet significantly decre ... | 1992 | 1472632 |
| rabbits produce sle-like anti-rna polymerase i and anti-dna autoantibodies in responses to immunization with either human or murine sle anti-dna antibodies. | anti-dna and anti-dna polymerase i (rpi) autoantibody responses are symptoms of systemic lupus erythematosus (sle). to investigate the relationship between these antibodies (ab), rabbits were immunized with one of the following preparations: human sle anti-dna ab; human sle anti-dna igg; normal human anti-dna ab; human grave's disease anti-dna ab; murine sle anti-dna ab or anti-dna igg fab; various normal human, murine, or rabbit igg preparations; or complete freund's adjuvant (cfa), alone. all ... | 1992 | 1472639 |
| drug-specific immune responses induced by immunization with drugs in guinea pigs and mice. | in order to develop a system for evaluating the allergenicity of drugs in clinical use, we tested drugs for the ability to induce drug-specific immune responses in guinea pigs and mice. test drugs were benzylpenicillin, procainamide, hydralazine, isoniazid, alpha-methyldopa, d-penicillamine, captopril, sulfamethoxazole and 2,4-dinitrochlorobenzene (dncb), which are known to induce allergic responses in man including hypersensitivity reactions and drug-induced auto-immune responses. guinea pigs w ... | 1992 | 1474612 |
| immunomodulating activity of 1,2-difattyacyl-3-mercaptoglycerol adducts. | adducts of 1,2-diacyl-(2rs)-3-mercaptoglycerol to 3-maleimidopropionic acid and to 3-maleimidopropionyl-l-alanyl-d-isoglutamine as well as a new lipophilic mtp derivative have been analysed for their immunomodulating activity in comparison to the well known adjuvants cfa and ifa using a suboptimal concentration of bsa as antigen. a concentration-dependent immunostimulating activity was established for these lipophilic molecules when applied in water/oil (ifa) emulsions. the results clearly indic ... | 1992 | 1476657 |
| the selection of an adjuvant emulsion for polyclonal antibody production using a low-molecular-weight antigen in rabbits. | although freund's adjuvant has been used for decades as an immune enhancer in rabbits, adverse physiologic side effects have prompted the search for more suitable alternatives. we used osteocalcin, a bovine bone protein (m.w. 5,800), as the test antigen to evaluate four adjuvant regimens: a) primary inoculation with complete freund's adjuvant (cfa) followed by three boosts with incomplete freund's adjuvant (ifa), b) four serial inoculations with ribi mpl+tdm+cws adjuvant, c) four serial inoculat ... | 1992 | 1479813 |
| a potential vaccine for cocaine abuse prophylaxis. | presently, there are estimated to be 1.5 to 2.0 million individuals infected with hiv-1 in the u.s. and about 12 million worldwide. in the u.s. over 90% of reported cases of aids occurred among two subgroups, homosexual males and intravenous substance abusers (ivsas). currently, there is no anti-cocaine addiction medication available. in order to explore vaccination as an alternative means for protection against cocaine addition, we immunized inbred male fisher rats with either cocaine emulsific ... | 1992 | 1500284 |
| characteristics of adherence of enteroaggregative escherichia coli to human and animal mucosa. | an escherichia coli strain (serotype o127a:h2) that had been isolated from a child with diarrhea in thailand and that was negative for the virulence factors of the four categories of diarrheagenic e. coli (enterotoxigenic, enteropathogenic, enteroinvasive, and enterohemorrhagic) and that showed an aggregative pattern of adherence to hela cells was investigated for adherence to native or formalin-fixed human and animal mucosa. the hemagglutinating activity and adherence ability of the bacteria we ... | 1991 | 1680107 |
| [experimental study on hemodynamic and cardiac effects of counterpulsatile blood flow assisted iabp for acute left ventricular failure]. | the purpose of this study is to evaluate the effect of newly developed balloon pumping system with synchronized blood flow assist for acute left ventricular failure. in 21 mongrel dogs with left heart failure following left coronary artery ligation, counterpulsatile flow assisted iabp (cfa-iabp) was instituted changing the flow rate from 5% to 70% of the aortic flow at control. the following results were obtained. 1) cfa-iabp significantly increased aortic, carotid, and coronary sinus flows as w ... | 1992 | 1506695 |
| a comparison of commercially available adjuvants for use in research. | we evaluated an adjuvant, titermax, as an alternative to complete freund's adjuvant (cfa) for producing antisera in animals. titermax, consists of a microparticulate stabilized water-in-oil emulsion of a metabolizable oil, squalene, with the adjuvant block copolymer crl89-41. this paper reports two evaluations of titermax versus cfa and other commercially available adjuvants. in the first study, mice were immunized with a hapten, trinitrophenol, conjugated to hen egg albumin (tnp-hea) in one of ... | 1992 | 1517600 |
| in vivo dynamic mr imaging of mbp-induced acute experimental allergic encephalomyelitis in lewis rat. | a dynamic in vivo study by mri consisting of the measurement of relaxation times and in the visualization of the bbb permeability by gd-dota was performed in an mbp-induced acute eae model of lewis rat. fourteen rats were immunized with an mbp/cfa mixture, eight by cfa alone, and three control rats were used to test the harmless effect of repeatedly performed mri examinations. beginning on the 8th or 9th days and in parallel with the emergence of clinical signs, rats immunized by the mbp/cfa mix ... | 1992 | 1373791 |
| analysis of escherichia coli colonization factor antigen i linear b-cell epitopes, as determined by primate responses, following protein sequence verification. | colonization factor antigen i (cfa/i)-bearing strains of enterotoxigenic escherichia coli (etec) are responsible for a significant percentage of etec diarrheal disease worldwide whether the disease presents as infant diarrhea with high mortality or as traveler's diarrhea. cfa/i pili (fimbriae) are virulence determinants that consist of repeating protein subunits (pilin), are found in several etec serogroups, and promote attachment to human intestinal mucosa. while cfa/i pili are highly immunogen ... | 1992 | 1375193 |
| the positive regulator cfad overcomes the repression mediated by histone-like protein h-ns (h1) in the cfa/i fimbrial operon of escherichia coli. | cfa/i fimbriae of enterotoxigenic escherichia coli are expressed at 37 degrees c and not at 20 degrees c. expression of cfa/i fimbriae requires two dna regions (regions 1 and 2) which are separated by 40 kb on the wild type plasmid. region 2 encodes a protein (cfad) which activates the promoter in region 1. we investigated whether the histone-like protein h-ns (h1) of e.coli is involved in the temperature regulated expression of cfa/i fimbriae. as demonstrated recently with other temperature reg ... | 1992 | 1378396 |
| immunodiffusion test for diagnosing basidiobolomycosis. | an immunodiffusion test was developed for the diagnosis of basidiobolomycosis. when culture filtrate antigen (cfa) from basidiobolus ranarum was reacted against two human patient and two rabbit antisera, 2 precipitin bands, inner (n) and outer (y), were revealed for both patient and rabbit antisera. a line of identity was also observed between precipitin bands obtained with patient and rabbit sera. when cfa from b. ranarum (b cfa) was reacted against rabbit sera which contained antibody to conid ... | 1992 | 1528227 |
| identification of selenomonas species by whole-genomic dna probes, sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, biochemical tests and cellular fatty acid analysis. | nonisotopic, whole-genomic dna probes, sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (sds-page), biochemical tests in microtiter trays and cellular fatty acid (cfa) analysis were compared for the identification of 5 oral selenomonas species. dna probes were prepared by biotin-labeling dna extracted from the type strains of selenomonas noxia, selenomonas flueggei, selenomonas artemidis, selenomonas infelix and selenomonas sputigena. the probes were hybridized with dna from 21 referenc ... | 1992 | 1528628 |
| splenic noradrenergic and adrenocortical responses during the preclinical and clinical stages of adoptively transferred experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (eae). | when experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (eae) is induced by adoptive transfer of myelin basic protein (mbp)-specific lymphocytes the splenic noradrenergic and adrenocortical responses mirror in most respects those that occur following sensitization with spinal cord and freund's adjuvant (cfa), despite the absence of the primary immune challenge. an early drop in splenic noradrenaline (na), observed only when purified protein derivative-primed cells are transferred may reflect a vigorous p ... | 1990 | 1688880 |
| protective effect by cell-free antigen obtained from culture supernatant of phase i bordetella bronchiseptica. | the cell-free antigen (cfa), with highly hemagglutination activity, obtained from the culture supernatant of bordetella bronchiseptica was compounded with oil adjuvant to make a component vaccine (cfav). in the immunization trial in mice, the offsprings whose mothers were immunized with cfav escaped from death when challenged intrapleurally with virulent strain of b. bronchiseptica. the protective indices (difference of ld50 dose of the challenge strain between immunized and control groups) of t ... | 1992 | 1532748 |
| murine follicular dendritic cells and low affinity fc receptors for ige (fc epsilon rii). | the present study was undertaken to determine whether mouse follicular dendritic cells (fdc) bear fc epsilon rii (cd23) and whether ige-immune complexes are retained by fdc. mouse fc epsilon rii was localized by both l and electron microscopy using the mab b3b4. in lymph nodes of normal mice, fc epsilon rii was low but detectable on fdc. by 14 days after nippostrongylus brasiliensis infection, the level of fc epsilon rii increased on b lymphocytes located in the cortex of draining mesenteric lym ... | 1992 | 1532811 |
| contact sensitivity to oxazolone in the chicken: evidence for arthus type hypersensitivity of the cutaneous reaction. | cutaneous hypersensitivity reaction can be induced in chickens by skin painting with oxazolone, 33 mg/kg of body weight (kbw). the b cell contribution to the generation of the cutaneous reaction has been a matter of controversy. in an attempt to characterize this reaction we placed special interest on the possibility that the nature of this reaction could be arthus type hypersensitivity. from the kinetics study on the cutaneous hypersensitivity after challenge with oxazolonated egg-albumin (ea-o ... | 1992 | 1534572 |
| in vivo deposition of myosin-specific autoantibodies in the hearts of mice with experimental autoimmune myocarditis. | experimental autoimmune myocarditis (eam) is elicited in certain strains of mice by immunizing with mouse cardiac myosin. concomitant with the onset of myocardial inflammation is the induction of circulating igg antibodies to myosin. to further examine the role of myosin in disease, both eam-susceptible (a/j) and eam-resistant (b10.a) mice were immunized with myosin emulsified in cfa and examined for myocardial inflammation and igg deposition. myocarditis was common in susceptible, but not resis ... | 1992 | 1602130 |
| antibody-secreting cells in human peripheral blood after oral immunization with an inactivated enterotoxigenic escherichia coli vaccine. | vaccine antigen-specific antibody-secreting cell (asc) responses in peripheral blood of healthy adult volunteers were studied after oral immunization with a prototype enterotoxigenic escherichia coli (etec) vaccine by means of the enzyme-linked immunospot technique. three doses of vaccine consisting of formalin-killed etec bacteria expressing fimbrial colonization factor antigens i and ii (cfa/i and cfa/ii) in combination with purified cholera toxin b subunit (ctb) were given 2 weeks apart. the ... | 1992 | 1612730 |
| the mtt assay for chemosensitivity testing of human tumors of the central nervous system. part ii: evaluation of patient- and drug-specific variables. | in this study we assessed the influence of patient- and drug-specific parameters in the short-term mtt-chemosensitivity assay in 150 primary cell cultures derived from human brain tumors. in 45 patients the mtt assay was directly compared with the cfa (colony forming assay). resistance was 10-20% higher in the mtt assay than in the cfa, but there was a good agreement in both assays, that more malignant gliomas had a higher in vitro chemosensitivity against acnu and bcnu. overall the results demo ... | 1992 | 1613536 |
| comparative sensitivity study of clostridium perfringens towards 16 antibiotics from different classes. | a series of 16 antibiotics from different classes (5-nitro imidazoles, beta-lactams, cyclins, macrolids, chloramphenicol) was examined for their bacteriostatic and bactericidal activities on 45 strains of clostridium perfringens, with determination of mic and mbc values. several techniques of multivariate analysis were used in order to visualize differentiations in sensitivity profiles: principal component analysis (pca) and preferentially correspondence factorial analysis (cfa). this approach r ... | 1992 | 1616577 |
| competitive exclusion of diarrheagenic escherichia coli (etec) from human enterocyte-like caco-2 cells by heat-killed lactobacillus. | diarrheagenic escherichia coli (etec) bearing cfa/i or cfa/ii adhesive factors specifically adhere onto the brush border of the polarized epithelial human intestinal caco-2 cells in culture. heat-killed lactobacillus acidophilus strain lb, that adheres onto caco-2 cells, inhibits diarrheagenic escherichia coli adhesion in a concentration-dependent manner. since the l. acidophilus does not express etec-cfa adhesive factors, it can be postulated that the heat-killed l. acidophilus lb cells inhibit ... | 1992 | 1624102 |
| use of nonradioactive dna hybridization for identification of enterotoxigenic escherichia coli harboring genes for colonization factor antigen i, coli surface antigen 4, or putative colonization factor o166. | we developed an accurate nonradioactive colony hybridization assay (ncha) using a digoxigenin-labeled polynucleotide probe and an antidigoxigenin alkaline phosphatase conjugate for the identification of enterotoxigenic escherichia coli (etec) harboring genes for colonization factor antigen i (cfa/i), coli surface antigen 4 (cs4), or putative colonization factor o166 (pcfo166). in this 2-day assay, visual registration of color intensity could be used to distinguish between cfa/i-positive strains ... | 1992 | 1629340 |
| effects of route of immunization, adjuvant and unrelated antigens on the humoral immune response in lines of chickens selected for antibody production against sheep erythrocytes. | effects of intramuscular (i.m.), intravenous (i.v.) and intraperitoneal (i.p.) primary immunization with the t-dependent antigen, sheep red blood cells (srbc), was studied in two chicken lines selected for either high (h) or low (l) antibody response after i.m. immunization with srbc. the primary route of immunization affected the line differences in the primary response and in the secondary response after i.m. reimmunization. intravenous immunization with the t-dependent antigen bovine serum al ... | 1992 | 1632073 |
| [excretion of p-chloroaniline metabolites into urine. excretion of 2,4-dichloroaniline and p-chloroformanilide]. | previously, we identified by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (gc/ms) urinary metabolites of p-chloroaniline (p-ca) in a patient with acute p-ca poisoning. among these metabolites there is a possibility that 2,4-dichloroaniline (2,4-dca) and p-chloroformanilide (p-cfa) are produced through some unknown metabolic pathways in human. in order to clarify whether 2,4-dca and p-cfa were produced within the human body or not, an attempt was made to detect these metabolites in the patient's urine sa ... | 1992 | 1635272 |
| direct involvement of macrophages in destruction of beta-cells leading to development of diabetes in virus-infected mice. | a single administration of complete freund's adjuvant (cfa), type 1 carrageenan (car), or silica 7, 2, and 2 days, respectively, before infection with a low dose (1 x 10(2) plaque-forming units/mouse) of encephalomyocarditis d (emc-d) virus resulted in a significant increase in the incidence of diabetes in sjl/j mice (100%) compared with untreated emc-d virus-infected mice (40%). peritoneal macrophages were isolated from uninfected sjl/j mice, which had been treated once with silica, and transfe ... | 1991 | 1661690 |
| [an experimental etiological study of toluene diisocyanate (tdi) induced occupational asthma]. | thirteen guinea pigs were immunized with tdi-bsa conjugates employing cfa or ahg adjuvant or only adjuvant as a control via intraperitoneal route. after 5-8 weeks, 30.8% of the sensitized animals experienced asthma attacks after a tdi-hsa challenge. the dynamic airway pulmonary ventilation imaging with tc-99m-dtpa showed an accumulation of radioactivity. the radioactivity ratio of trachea or bronchus/lung was increased 6.46-29 times in contrast with before challenge. a specific ige and igg type ... | 1991 | 1667862 |
| analysis of the first two genes of the cs1 fimbrial operon in human enterotoxigenic escherichia coli of serotype 0139:h28. | an oligonucleotide, derived from the n-terminal amino acid sequence of the cs1 fimbrial subunit protein was used to identify the subunit gene on recombinant plasmid pdep23 containing the structural genes of the cs1 fimbrial operon. the nucleotide sequence of the subunit gene (csoa), encoding a protein of 171 amino acids, was determined. flanking it upstream, a gene (csob) encoding a protein of 238 amino acids was found. the csob and csoa proteins are homologous to the cfaa and cfab proteins in t ... | 1991 | 1679404 |
| cloning of regulator genes controlling fimbrial production by enterotoxigenic escherichia coli. | sequences regulating production of fimbriae were cloned from two enterotoxigenic escherichia coli strains. one cloned region, from e. coli 0.25.h42, controlled expression of coli surface-associated (cs) antigen 4, whereas the function of the other, from e. coli 0167.h5, was unclear. both regulators were related to the cfad gene that controls expression of colonization factor antigen i (cfa/i) although low stringency conditions were required to show significant hybridization between cfad and the ... | 1991 | 1682205 |
| apposition of fibroblasts to mast cells and lymphocytes in normal human lung and in cryptogenic fibrosing alveolitis. ultrastructure and cell perimeter measurements. | the perimeters of mast cells and lymphocytes in human lungs were measured in electron micrographs by digitizer to determine the percentage of perimeter apposed to fibroblast (ppaf). fibroblasts were apposed to the majority of mast cells. the median ppaf for mast cells in normal lung was 50.3 per cent, and in cryptogenic fibrosing alveolitis (cfa), 35.7 per cent. although the value in cfa was lower, the difference was not statistically significant (median difference 11.8; 95 per cent confidence i ... | 1992 | 1517885 |
| drug-specific immune responses induced by procainamide, hydralazine and isoniazid in guinea-pigs. | the drug-induced graft vs host reaction (gvhr) hypothesis requires, as its first step, specific t-cell immune responses to the drug-modified self. procainamide, isoniazid and hydralazine are known to provoke various allergic reactions including gvhr-like adverse effects in man. we now report that drug-specific immune responses can easily be induced by these drugs in guinea-pigs. twenty-five milligrams of each of these drugs and penicillin g, which is known to make covalent bonds with proteins an ... | 1992 | 1521934 |
| a new effective and non-harmful chemical adjuvant for the induction of experimental autoimmune uveoretinitis. | the induction of t cell mediated disease models in animals is usually dependent on the use of complete freund's adjuvant (cfa). in order to avoid the painful side effects of cfa on the animals, we tested the capacity to induce experimental autoimmune uveoretinitis (eau) with hunter's adjuvant (ha). this new adjuvant makes use of nonionic copolymer surfactants, and does not cause deleterious effects to animals. we have found that eau could be efficiently induced in rats with low doses of s-ag (10 ... | 1992 | 1526167 |
| suppression of clinical weakness in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis associated with weight changes, and post-decapitation convulsions after intracisternal-ventricular administration of 6-hydroxydopamine. | selective depletion of central nervous system norepinephrine (ne) by the neurotoxin 6-hydroxydopamine (6-ohda) in rats subsequently inoculated with myelin basic protein (mbp) and complete freund's adjuvant (cfa) produced experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (eae) without the usual expected degree of weakness. the preservation of strength occurred in spite of continued weight loss. post-decapitation myoclonic convulsive kick latency and kick number, which are known to depend on spinal cord n ... | 1990 | 1688441 |
| neurotropin inhibits experimental allergic encephalomyelitis (eae) in lewis rats. | the effects of neurotropin, a substance extracted from the inflammatory dermis of rabbits inoculated with vaccinia virus, for experimental allergic encephalomyelitis (eae) in lewis rats, a model for human multiple sclerosis (ms), was studied. the peptide defined by residues 68-84 (mb 68-84) which corresponds to the encephalitogenic portion of the guinea pig myelin basic protein (mbp) in complete adjuvant h37ra (cfa) was injected into the hind foot pad of each rat. neurotropin significantly suppr ... | 1991 | 1712761 |
| competition between foreign and self proteins in antigen presentation. ovalbumin can inhibit activation of myelin basic protein-specific t cells. | experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (eae) is an inflammatory neurological disease initiated by activated t cells specific for the autoantigen, myelin basic protein (mbp). the ability of lewis rat splenic t cells to transfer eae after in vitro incubation with mbp-pulsed dendritic cells (dc) was used as an index of mbp-specific t cell activation. ova, previously processed by macrophages, was incubated with mbp and dc at the pulsing stage to determine whether it could inhibit presentation of ... | 1990 | 1689345 |
| limiting-dilution analysis of the frequency of myelin basic protein-reactive t cells in lewis, pvg/c and bn rats. implication for susceptibility to autoimmune encephalomyelitis. | susceptibility to experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (eae), which is an autoimmune disease inducible by immunization with a brain-specific antigen in complete freund's adjuvant (cfa), is different among strains. in an attempt to resolve the immune mechanisms by which the difference in susceptibility to eae is regulated, we re-estimated susceptibility of several strains of rats, and the frequency of antigen-reactive t cells in each strain was determined by limiting-dilution analysis. eae w ... | 1990 | 1689693 |
| suppressor cell regulation of encephalitogenic t cell lines: generation of suppressor macrophages with cyclosporin a and myelin basic protein. | chronic relapsing experimental allergic encephalomyelitis (cr-eae) can be adoptively transferred using myelin basic protein (bp)-specific helper t cell lines, and suppressor cells may be important in recovery from eae. in order to generate suppressor cells, spleen cells obtained from bp-complete freund's adjuvant (cfa) inoculated sjl/j mice and from normal mice were cultured for 7 days with medium, with cyclosporin a (csa), or with csa and antigen (bp or purified protein derivative of mycobacter ... | 1990 | 1690080 |
| suppression of experimental allergic encephalomyelitis by mbp-coupled lymphoid cells and by mbp-liposomes: a comparison. | in previous experiments, we showed that administration of myelin basic protein (mbp) inserted into phosphatidyl-serine liposomes, to susceptible animals suppressed the clinical manifestations of both acute and chronic-relapsing eae. in this report we compare the effectiveness of treatment with mbp-liposomes and with mbp-coupled syngeneic spleen cells in eae protection. lewis rats treated with 150 micrograms mbp-liposomes or with 160 micrograms (35 x 10(6] mbp-coupled spleen cells, given 7 days b ... | 1990 | 1691689 |
| generation of cd4+ blastoid t cells in recipients of bp/ifa-sensitized spleen cells. | while sensitization of lewis rats with bp/ifa does not induce eae, recipients given bp/ifa-sensitized cells after culture with bp do develop eae. to clarify the pathophysiology responsible for this discrepancy, cell dynamics were studied in the recipients. the cd4+ t cells from bp/ifa-sensitized donors showed no proliferative response to bp and no change in cell size or surface molecule expression, even in the presence of bp in culture. on the other hand, the recipient cells proliferated vigorou ... | 1990 | 1693098 |
| regulation of isotype immunoglobulin production by adjuvants in vivo. | mice were immunized against fluorescein isothiocyanate (fitc)-labelled human gamma globulin (hgg) or dextran sulphate (dxs) in the absence or presence of different adjuvants. the immune response was assayed as the total ig-secreting cells and fitc-specific plaque-forming cells (pfc) found in various lymphoid organs. the adjuvants influenced the isotype of antibodies produced to the same antigenic determinant. the pfc of different igg subclasses were favoured by different adjuvants. the igg3 isot ... | 1990 | 1694039 |
| treatment of spinal cord-induced experimental allergic encephalomyelitis in the lewis rat with liposomes presenting central nervous system antigens. | chronic-relapsing experimental allergic encephalomyelitis (cr-eae) in the lewis rat, induced by the injection of spinal cord tissue in complete freund's adjuvant (sc/cfa), was studied in vivo by treatment with liposomes containing central nervous tissue antigens, and in vitro by lymphocyte proliferation assays. intracardiac administration of myelin basic protein (mbp) liposomes, galactocerebroside (gc) liposomes, or mbp + gc liposomes substantially reduced the clinical severity and/or delayed th ... | 1990 | 1694533 |
| regulation of retinal autoimmunity via the idiotypic network. | the immune response to self antigens is regulated through an interplay of idiotypes and anti-idiotypes expressed on antibodies and lymphoid cells. the equilibrium of the different components of the immune system has been modulated in various autoimmune diseases by manipulation of the idiotypic network. experimental autoimmune uveoretinitis (eau) was induced in rats with one foot pad injection of s-antigen (s-ag) in complete freund's adjuvant (cfa). 1. injection of rats with the mouse anti-s-ag m ... | 1990 | 1696533 |
| autoantibodies to thyroglobulin are encoded by diverse v-gene segments and recognize restricted epitopes. | murine experimental autoimmune thyroiditis has been used as a model for human autoimmune thyroiditis. experimental autoimmune thyroiditis is induced in mice by immunization with mouse thyroglobulin (tg) in cfa. to characterize the antibodies to this autoantigen, we have studied the binding specificities and determined the nucleotide sequences of monoclonal anti-tg antibodies. the specificities of the mab for determinants on tg varied extensively. seven of 16 mab showed reactivity to only mtg, 4 ... | 1990 | 1697309 |