| generic and sequence-variant specific molecular assays for the detection of the highly variable grapevine leafroll-associated virus 3. | grapevine leafroll-associated virus 3 (glrav-3) is an economically important virus, which is found in all grapevine growing regions worldwide. its accurate detection in nursery and field samples is of high importance for certification schemes and disease management programmes. to reduce false negatives that can be caused by sequence variability, a new universal primer pair was designed against a divergent sequence data set, targeting the open reading frame 4 (heat shock protein 70 homologue gene ... | 2013 | 23313884 |
| high-throughput sequence analysis of small rnas in grapevine (vitis vinifera l.) affected by grapevine leafroll disease. | grapevine leafroll disease (glrd) is one of the most economically important virus diseases of grapevine (vitis spp.) worldwide. in this study, we used high-throughput sequencing of cdna libraries made from small rnas (srnas) to compare profiles of srna populations recovered from own-rooted merlot grapevines with and without glrd symptoms. the data revealed the presence of srnas specific to grapevine leafroll-associated virus 3, hop stunt viroid (hpsvd), grapevine yellow speckle viroid 1 (gysvd-1 ... | 2012 | 22827483 |
| first description of grapevine leafroll-associated virus 5 in argentina and partial genome sequence. | an accession of vitis vinifera cv. red globe from argentina, was found to be infected with grapevine leafroll-associated virus-5 by elisa. it was partially sequenced, and three orfs, corresponding to hsp70h, hsp90h, and cp, were found. this isolate shares a high aminoacid identity with the previously reported sequence of the virus, and identities between 80% and 90% with previously reported glrav-9 and glrav-4 isolates. the analysis of the sequence supports the clustering together with glrav-4 a ... | 2009 | 18953643 |
| analysis of grapevine rupestris stem pitting-associated virus in slovakia reveals differences in intra-host population diversity and naturally occurring recombination events. | grapevine rupestris stem pitting-associated virus (grspav) is a worldwide-distributed pathogen in grapevines with a high genetic variability. our study revealed differences in the complexity of grspav population in a single host. a single-variant grspav infection was detected from the sk30 grapevine plant. on the contrary, sk704 grapevine was infected by three different grspav variants. variant-specific rt-pcr detection protocols have been developed in this work to study distribution of the thre ... | 2017 | 28167886 |
| effect of temperature on symptom expression and sequence polymorphism of grapevine yellow speckle viroid 1 in grapevine. | symptom expression of yellow speckle disease was studied in a row of 32 individual vitis vinifera cv. chardonnay vines in the warmer summer of 2009/2010 as compared with the cooler summer of 2011/2012 in south australia. rt-pcr analysis showed that all these vines were positive for hop stunt viroid, grapevine yellow speckle viroid 1 (gysvd-1) and grapevine rupestris stem pitting-associated virus. four vines named vines 1, 8, 11 and 15 were selected for further analyses. vines 1 and 8 had never s ... | 2014 | 24905287 |
| co-evolution between grapevine rupestris stem pitting-associated virus and vitis vinifera l. leads to decreased defence responses and increased transcription of genes related to photosynthesis. | grapevine rupestris stem pitting-associated virus (grspav) is a widespread virus infecting vitis spp. although it has established a compatible viral interaction in vitis vinifera without the development of phenotypic alterations, it can occur as distinct variants that show different symptoms in diverse vitis species. the changes induced by grspav in v. vinifera cv 'bosco', an italian white grape variety, were investigated by combining agronomic, physiological, and molecular approaches, in order ... | 2012 | 22987838 |
| genetic diversity of grapevine virus a in washington and california vineyards. | grapevine virus a (gva; genus vitivirus, family betaflexiviridae) has been implicated with the kober stem grooving disorder of the rugose wood disease complex. in this study, 26 isolates of gva recovered from wine grape (vitis vinifera) cultivars from california and washington were analyzed for their genetic diversity. an analysis of a portion of the rna-dependent rna polymerase (rdrp) and complete coat protein (cp) sequences revealed intra- and inter-isolate sequence diversity. our results indi ... | 2014 | 24168043 |
| complete genome sequence analysis of an american isolate of grapevine virus e. | the complete genome sequence of grapevine virus e (gve) collected from a red-berried wine grape cultivar (cabernet sauvignon) in washington state was determined. the 7,568 nucleotide long genome of gve is more similar in sequence identity with a gve isolate from a wine grape cv. shiraz from south africa when compared with an isolate from "aki queen" grape from japan. like gve isolates from south africa and japan, the washington isolate encodes five open reading frames (orfs) and the overall geno ... | 2013 | 23296875 |
| aroma profile of montepulciano d'abruzzo wine fermented by single and co-culture starters of autochthonous saccharomyces and non-saccharomyces yeasts. | montepulciano d'abruzzo is a native grape variety of vitis vinifera l., grown in central italy and used for production of high quality red wines. limited studies have been carried out to improve its enological characteristics through the use of indigenous strains of saccharomyces cerevisiae. the main objective of the present work was to test two indigenous strains of s. cerevisiae (srs1, rt73), a strain of starmerella bacillaris (sts12), one of hanseniaspora uvarum (sts45) and a co-culture of s. ... | 2016 | 27199939 |
| yeast diversity on grapes in two german wine growing regions. | the yeast diversity on wine grapes in germany, one of the most northern wine growing regions of the world, was investigated by means of a culture dependent approach. all yeast isolates were identified by sequence analysis of the d1/d2 domain of the 26s rdna and the its region. besides hanseniaspora uvarum and metschnikowia pulcherrima, which are well known to be abundant on grapes, metschnikowia viticola, rhodosporidium babjevae, and curvibasidium pallidicorallinum, as well as two potentially ne ... | 2015 | 26292165 |
| de novo synthesis of benzenoid compounds by the yeast hanseniaspora vineae increases the flavor diversity of wines. | benzyl alcohol and other benzenoid-derived metabolites of particular importance in plants confer floral and fruity flavors to wines. among the volatile aroma components in vitis vinifera grape varieties, benzyl alcohol is present in its free and glycosylated forms. these compounds are considered to originate from grapes only and not from fermentative processes. we have found increased levels of benzyl alcohol in red tannat wine compared to that in grape juice, suggesting de novo formation of thi ... | 2016 | 27193819 |
| in vitro extraction and fermentation of polyphenols from grape seeds (vitis vinifera) by human intestinal microbiota. | the effects of several parameters on the extraction yield of total polyphenols from grape seeds by pressurized liquid extraction were investigated. the highest recovery of total polyphenols occurred at 80 °c within 5 min, and a single extraction allowed a recovery of more than 97% of total polyphenols. following the purification with macroporous resin, the effects of grape polyphenols (>94.8%) on human intestinal microbiota were monitored over 36 h incubation by fluorescence in situ hybridizatio ... | 2016 | 26980065 |
| plants and other natural products used in the management of oral infections and improvement of oral health. | challenges of resistance to synthetic antimicrobials have opened new vistas in the search for natural products. this article rigorously reviews plants and other natural products used in oral health: punica granatum l. (pomegranate), matricaria recutita l. (chamomile), camellia sinensis (l.) kuntze (green tea), chewing sticks made from diospyros mespiliformis hochst. ex a.d.c., diospyros lycioides desf., and salvadora persica l. (miswak), honey and propolis from the manuka tree (leptospermum scop ... | 2016 | 26522671 |
| high-throughput screening for anti-influenza a virus drugs and study of the mechanism of procyanidin on influenza a virus-induced autophagy. | in this research, we have established a high-throughput screening (hts) platform based on the influenza a virus (iav) vrna promoter. using this hts platform, we selected 35 medicinal plants out of 83 examples of traditional chinese medicine and found that 7 examples had not been reported. after examining many previous reports, we found that vaccinium angustifolium ait., vitis vinifera l, and cinnamomum cassia presl had a common active compound, procyanidin, and then determined the anti-iav effec ... | 2012 | 22286278 |
| global transcriptional analysis suggests lasiodiplodia theobromae pathogenicity factors involved in modulation of grapevine defensive response. | lasiodiplodia theobromae is a fungus of the botryosphaeriaceae that causes grapevine vascular disease, especially in regions with hot climates. fungi in this group often remain latent within their host and become virulent under abiotic stress. transcriptional regulation analysis of l. theobromae exposed to heat stress (hs) was first carried out in vitro in the presence of grapevine wood (gw) to identify potential pathogenicity genes that were later evaluated for in planta expression. | 2016 | 27514986 |
| quantitative real-time pcr normalization for gene expression studies in the plant pathogenic fungi lasiodiplodia theobromae. | lasiodiplodia theobromae is a highly virulent plant pathogen. it has been suggested that heat stress increases its virulence. the aim of this work was to evaluate, compare, and recommend normalization strategies for gene expression analysis of the fungus growing with grapevine wood under heat stress. using rt-qpcr-derived data, reference gene stability was evaluated through genorm, normfinder and bestkeeper applications. based on the geometric mean using the ranking position obtained for each in ... | 2016 | 27237774 |
| the effect of vitis vinifera l. leaves extract on leishmania infantum. | vitis vinifera l.is a traditional asian herb widely used for different health problems. in the present research, the ethanolic and the aqueous extracts of vitis vinifera l. leaves collected from shrub, grown in tunisia, were prepared and evaluated for the antileishmanial activity against leishmani ainfantum promastigotes. the inhibitory concentration 50 (ic50) was determined and the results showed that the etahnolic extract is more active than the aqueous one (ic50= 0.108 mg/ml). microscopic obs ... | 2013 | 24250641 |
| relationship of grapevine yield and growth to nematode densities. | yield, growth, and vigor of individual grape vines were correlated with nematode population densities in a series of california vineyards. in a hanford sandy loam soil, xiphinema americanum densities showed negative correlations with yield, growth, and vigor of vines. when vines were categorized according to vigor, x. americanurn densities had little relationship to yield of high-vigor vines, but were negatively correlated with yield of low-vigor vines. densities of paratylenchus harnatus were p ... | 1975 | 19308172 |
| biochemical changes in terminal root galls caused by an ectoparasitic nematode, longidorus africanus: amino acids. | the amino acids of terminal root galls caused by longidorus africanus on bur marigold (bidens tripartita l.) and grapevine (vitis vinifera l.) were studied. the galled roots of bur marigold contained 73% more cell-wall protein and 184% more free amino acids. the main changes among the free amino acids of the galled tissue were a large increase (1900%) in proline and a decrease in aspartic acid (56%) compared with the respective check tissue. hydroxyproline decreased in the wall protein fraction ... | 1971 | 19322388 |
| longidorus carniolensis sp. n. (nematoda, longidoridae) from vineyard soil in slovenia. | a new needle nematode, longidorus carniolensissp. n., recovered from the soil around the roots of grapevine vitis vinifera l. from slovenia, is described and illustrated. longidorus carniolensisis an amphimictic species, characterised by females with a moderately long (l=5.6-8.2 mm) and plump (a=51-72.4, ave. 66.3) body, assuming a spiral to c-shape when heat relaxed. head region continuous, anteriorly almost flat, lip region 23-25 µm wide; guiding ring situated posteriorly (42-47 μm, 43-50 μm i ... | 2011 | 22287876 |
| anti-dermatophyte and anti-malassezia activity of extracts rich in polymeric flavan-3-ols obtained from vitis vinifera seeds. | several human skin diseases are associated with fungi as dermatophytes and malassezia. skin mycoses are increasing and new alternatives to conventional treatments with improved efficacy and/or safety profiles are desirable. for the first time, the anti-dermatophytes and the anti-malassezia activities of vitis vinifera seed extracts obtained from different table and wine cultivars have been evaluated. geometric minimal inhibitory concentration ranged from 20 to 97 µg/ml for dermatophytes and from ... | 2017 | 27739110 |
| interaction between meloidogyne arenaria and glomus fascicuqlatus in grape. | root zones of grape (fitis vinifera cv thompson seedless) cuttings were infested with chlamydospores of glomus fasciculatus or eggs of meloidogyne arenaria or both. growth of grapevines was greatest in mycorrhizal (g. fasciculatus) plants. mycorrhizal development and growth of mycorrhizal and nonmycorrhizal plants were reduced in the presence of m. arenaria. at low initial nematode inoculum (pi) levels (approx. 200 eggs/plant), the presence of mycorrhizae enhanced plant growth during 1 yr, but n ... | 1981 | 19300722 |
| quantitative aspects of the development of meloidogyne arenaria larvae in grapevine varieties and rootstocks. | the development and productivity of parasitic stages of meloidogyne arenaria were quantitatively defined in 14 varieties or rootstocks of grapevine. mean development to maturity was related linearly to the number of degree-hours above 10 c temperature experienced from the time of penetration in all cultivars in which nematode adulthood was achieved. averaged across varieties, 13,142 heat units were required for development of the mean individual to maturity. the standard deviation of the develop ... | 1979 | 19305553 |
| impact of grapevine (vitis vinifera) varieties on reproduction of the northern root-knot nematode (meloidogyne hapla). | one of the most commonly encountered plant-parasitic nematodes in eastern washington vitis vinifera vineyards is meloidogyne hapla; however, limited research exists on the impact of this nematode on v. vinifera. the objectives of this research were to determine the impact of m. hapla on chardonnay and cabernet sauvignon vine establishment and to determine the host status of v. vinifera varieties/clones predominantly grown in washington to m. hapla. in a microplot experiment, chardonnay and caber ... | 2015 | 26170476 |
| spatial distribution of plant-parasitic nematodes in semi-arid vitis vinifera vineyards in washington. | the most commonly encountered plant-parasitic nematodes in eastern washington vitis vinifera vineyards are meloidogyne hapla, mesocriconema xenoplax, pratylenchus spp., xiphinema americanum, and paratylenchus sp.; however, little is known about their distribution in the soil profile. the vertical and horizontal spatial distribution of plant-parasitic nematodes was determined in two washington v. vinifera vineyards. others variables measured in these vineyards included soil moisture content, fine ... | 2014 | 25580024 |
| effects of meloidogyne spp. and rhizoctonia solani on the growth of grapevine rootings. | a disease complex involving meloidogyne incognita and rhizoctonia solani was associated with stunting of grapevines in a field nursery. nematode reproduction was occurring on both susceptible and resistant cultivars, and pot experiments were conducted to determine the virulence of this m. incognita population, and of m. javanica and m. hapla populations, to v. vinifera cv. colombard (susceptible) and to v. champinii cv. ramsey (regarded locally as highly resistant). the virulence of r. solani is ... | 1997 | 19274149 |
| overwintering stages of meloidogyne incognita in vitis vinifera. | the overwintering of meloidogyne incognita in and around vitis vinifera cv. french colombard roots was studied in a naturally infested vineyard at the kearney agricultural center, in a growth chamber, in inoculated vines in microplots at the university of california, davis, and in a greenhouse. infected roots were sampled at intervals from onset of vine dormancy until plants accumulated about 800 degree days (dd - base 10 c). embryogenesis within eggs, classified as less than or more than 16 cel ... | 1989 | 19287581 |
| impact of meloidogyne incognita on physiological efficiency of vitis vinifera. | four-week-old french colombard plants rooted from green cuttings were inoculated with 0, 1,000, 2,000, 4,000, or 8,000 meloidogyne incognita second-stage juveniles and maintained at 25 c night and 30 c day. leaf area and dry weight and the rates of photosynthesis, stomatal conductance, and internal leaf co concentration were measured at intervals up to 59 days after inoculation. nematode stress dosage, measured as the product of cumulative number of juveniles and females and their total energy ( ... | 1989 | 19287578 |
| growth and energy demand of meloidogyne incognita on susceptible and resistant vitis vinifera cultivars. | food (energy) consumption rates ofmeloidogyne incognita were calculated on vitis vinifera cv. french colombard (highly susceptible) and cv. thompson seedless (moderately resistant). one-month-old grape seedlings in styrofoam cups were inoculated with 2,000 or 8,000 m. incognita second-stage juveniles (j2) and maintained at 17.5 degree days (dd - base 10 c)/day until maximum adult female growth and (or) the end of oviposition. at 70 dd intervals, nematode fresh biomass was calculated on the basis ... | 1988 | 19290253 |
| [in vitro effect of ankaferd blood stopper®, a plant extract against mycobacterium tuberculosis isolates]. | treatment of drug-resistant mycobacterium tuberculosis infections requires combination of anti-tuberculosis drugs which have several toxic side effects. thus there is a need for safer and effective new drugs. ankaferd blood stopper® (abs), which is a mixture of plant extracts prepared from alpinia officinarum, glycyrrhiza glabra, thymus vulgaris, urtica dioica and vitis vinifera, has homeostatic and antibacterial effects. standard solutions of abs are already being used topically for post-trauma ... | 2013 | 23390904 |
| the relationships between consumer liking, sensory and chemical attributes of vitis vinifera l. cv. pinotage wines elaborated with different oenococcus oeni starter cultures. | malolactic fermentation (mlf) mediated by lactic acid bacteria (lab) has been shown to modulate chemical and sensory attributes of wine. this study investigated the relation between consumer liking, chemical and sensory attributes of vitis vinifera l. cv. pinotage wines that were made over two vintages by four different lactic acid oenococcus oeni starter cultures as well as a control treatment where mlf was prevented. | 2013 | 23427009 |
| changes in sour rotten grape berry microbiota during ripening and wine fermentation. | this study investigated the microbiota of sour rotten wine grapes and its impact on wine fermentations. yeasts, lactic acid bacteria (lab) and acetic acid bacteria (aab) were enumerated and identified on sound and sour rot grapes during the ripening stage. the alteration of the ecological balance induced by sour rot was particularly evidenced by the unequivocal increase of yeast and aab counts on rotten grapes, since the beginning of ripening. yeast and aab species diversity in rotten grape samp ... | 2012 | 22277696 |
| novel small molecule 11β-hsd1 inhibitor from the endophytic fungus penicillium commune. | two new phenone derivatives penicophenones a (1) and b (2), a new cyclic tetrapeptide penicopeptide a (3), and five known compounds were isolated from the culture broth of penicillium commune, an endophytic fungus derived from vitis vinifera. compounds 1-3 were elucidated by extensive spectroscopic analyses including 1d and 2d nmr and hresims. the absolute configurations of 1 and 3 were determined by comparing its ecd with related molecules and modified marfey's analysis, respectively. penicophe ... | 2016 | 27194583 |
| post-harvest proteomics of grapes infected by penicillium during withering to produce amarone wine. | the study of withered grape infection by penicillium, a potentially toxigenic fungus, is relevant to preserve grape quality during the post-harvest dehydration process. this report describes the first proteomic analysis of amarone wine grapes, infected by two strains of penicillium expansum (pe1) and penicillium crustosum (pc4). protein identification by ms analysis allowed a better understanding of physiological mechanisms underlying the pathogen attack. the pe1 strain had a major impact on vit ... | 2016 | 26776019 |
| evaluation of fermentation efficiency of yeast strains and their effect on quality of young wines. | the yeast has important role in fermentation of wine grapes and wine quality. the fermentation of wine grapes affect by efficiency of particular yeast strain, sugar content, ph, available temperature, etc. to evaluate the efficiency of yeast strains (premier cuvee, rs-1, rs-2, rs-3 and natural), present study was conducted on two wine grape varieties viz.; sauvignon blanc (white) and cabernet sauvignon (red). efficiency of yeast strains was evaluated in terms of conversion rate of sugar into alc ... | 2012 | 23997346 |
| an acyl-coa-binding protein from grape that is induced through er stress confers morphological changes and disease resistance in arabidopsis. | we here report characterization of a grape (vitis vinifera) acyl-coa-binding protein (vvacbp). expression of vvacbp was detected in grape leaves exposed to tunicamycin-induced endoplasmic reticulum (er) stress as well as cold and heat shock treatments. in tendrils and peduncles, however, high-temperature treatment induced bip (luminal binding protein) expression, a marker of er stress in berry skin, but not vvacbp expression. we hypothesize that vvacbp may be sorted to the periphery of plant cel ... | 2013 | 23261264 |
| thiamine induced resistance to plasmopara viticola in grapevine and elicited host-defense responses, including hr like-cell death. | recently, thiamine (vitaminb1) has been shown to induce resistance against pseudomonas syringae in arabidopsis plants through priming of defense responses. in this paper, we have demonstrated the efficiency of thiamine to induce resistance against downy mildew caused by the oomycete plasmopara viticola in a susceptible vitis vinifera cultivar "chardonnay" under glasshouse controlled conditions by providing a dual mode of action involving direct antifungal activity and elicitation of host-defense ... | 2012 | 22698755 |
| bioconversion of stilbenes in genetically engineered root and cell cultures of tobacco. | it is currently possible to transfer a biosynthetic pathway from a plant to another organism. this system has been exploited to transfer the metabolic richness of certain plant species to other plants or even to more simple metabolic organisms such as yeast or bacteria for the production of high added value plant compounds. another application is to bioconvert substrates into scarcer or biologically more interesting compounds, such as piceatannol and pterostilbene. these two resveratrol-derived ... | 2017 | 28345676 |
| a complex protein derivative acts as biogenic elicitor of grapevine resistance against powdery mildew under field conditions. | powdery mildew caused by erysiphe necator is one of the most important grapevine diseases in several viticulture areas, and high fungicide input is required to control it. however, numerous synthetic chemical pesticides are under scrutiny due to concerns about their impact on human health and the environment. biopesticides, such as biogenic elicitors, are a promising alternative to chemical fungicides. although several studies have reported on effective elicitors against grapevine diseases, thei ... | 2015 | 26442029 |
| light response and potential interacting proteins of a grape flavonoid 3'-hydroxylase gene promoter. | flavonoid 3'-hydroxylase (f3'h), a member of cytochrome p450 protein family, introduces b-ring hydroxyl group in the 3' position of the flavonoid. in this study, the cdna sequence of a f3'h gene (vvif3'h), which contains an open reading frame of 1530 bp encoding a polypeptide of 509 amino acids, was cloned and characterized from vitis vinifera l. cv. cabernet sauvignon. vvif3'h showed high homology to known f3'h genes, especially f3'hs from the v. vinifera reference genome (pinot noir) and lotus ... | 2015 | 26433636 |
| de novo production of resveratrol from glucose or ethanol by engineered saccharomyces cerevisiae. | resveratrol is a natural antioxidant compound, used as food supplement and cosmetic ingredient. microbial production of resveratrol has until now been achieved by supplementation of expensive substrates, p-coumaric acid or aromatic amino acids. here we engineered the yeast saccharomyces cerevisiae to produce resveratrol directly from glucose or ethanol via tyrosine intermediate. first we introduced the biosynthetic pathway, consisting of tyrosine ammonia-lyase from herpetosiphon aurantiacus, 4-c ... | 2015 | 26344106 |
| phenolic compounds and bioactivity of healthy and infected grapevine leaf extracts from red varieties merlot and vranac (vitis vinifera l.). | we investigated the phenolic composition, radical scavenging activity, and antimicrobial activity of grapevine leaf extracts from two red grape varieties, vranac and merlot (vitis vinifera l.). the extracts were prepared from healthy grapevine leaves and those infected by plasmopara viticola (downy mildew). the phenolic composition of the grapevine leaf extracts was determined using spectrophotometric assays and reverse-phase high performance liquid chromatography (rp-hplc). the radical scavengi ... | 2015 | 26174183 |
| copper tolerance and biosorption of saccharomyces cerevisiae during alcoholic fermentation. | at high levels, copper in grape mash can inhibit yeast activity and cause stuck fermentations. wine yeast has limited tolerance of copper and can reduce copper levels in wine during fermentation. this study aimed to understand copper tolerance of wine yeast and establish the mechanism by which yeast decreases copper in the must during fermentation. three strains of saccharomyces cerevisiae (lab selected strain bh8 and industrial strains awri r2 and freddo) and a simple model fermentation system ... | 2015 | 26030864 |
| genetic variability and evolutionary diversification of membrane abc transporters in plants. | atp-binding cassette proteins have been recognized as playing a crucial role in the regulation of growth and resistance processes in all kingdoms of life. they have been deeply studied in vertebrates because of their role in drug resistance, but much less is known about abc superfamily functions in plants. | 2015 | 25850033 |
| association between modification of phenolic profiling and development of wine color during alcohol fermentation. | to solve the problem of wine color instability in western china, different additives (the maceration enzymes vinozym g and ex-color, yeasts vr5 and red star, and commercial tannins) were added during alcoholic fermentation of syrah (vitis vinifera l.). the phenolic profile and color characteristics of wine were examined using high performance liquid chromatography mass spectrometry and cielab, respectively. the results showed that the combination of the enzyme ex-color with the red star yeast ea ... | 2015 | 25807971 |
| improvement of grape and wine phenolic content by foliar application to grapevine of three different elicitors: methyl jasmonate, chitosan, and yeast extract. | phenolic compounds play a key role in grape and wine organoleptic properties, being therefore a key parameter in wine quality. elicitor application constitutes an interesting field of research since it is indirectly involved in the accumulation of phenolic compounds. the aim of this study was to compare the effect of the application of three different elicitors on both grape and wine phenolic content. methyl jasmonate, chitosan, and a commercial yeast extract were applied to the canopy at verais ... | 2016 | 26868568 |
| vine nitrogen status and volatile thiols and their precursors from plot to transcriptome level. | volatile thiols largely contribute to the organoleptic characteristics and typicity of sauvignon blanc wines. among this family of odorous compounds, 3-sulfanylhexan-1-ol (3sh) and 4-methyl-4-sulfanylpentan-2-one (4msp) have a major impact on wine flavor. these thiols are formed during alcoholic fermentation by the yeast from odorless, non-volatile precursors found in the berries and the must. the present study investigates the effects of vine nitrogen (n) status on 3sh and 4msp content in sauvi ... | 2016 | 27498539 |
| anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory, analgesic and antipyretic activities of grapevine leaf extract (vitis vinifera) in mice and identification of its active constituents by lc-ms/ms analyses. | the leaves of vitis vinifera is used in traditional medicine for diarrhea, hepatitis and stomachaches. the objective of this study was to investigate the anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory, analgesic and antipyretic properties of the hydroalcoholic leaf extract of vitis vinifera (evv) on experimental models to provide scientific basis for its use. | 2016 | 27780137 |
| yeast contribution to melatonin, melatonin isomers and tryptophan ethyl ester during alcoholic fermentation of grape musts. | melatonin (mel) has been found in some medicinal and food plants, including grapevine, a commodity of particular interest for the production of wine, a beverage of economic relevance. it has also been suggested that mel in wine may, at least in part, contribute to the health-promoting properties attributed to this beverage and, possibly, to other traditional mediterranean foodstuffs. after a preliminary screening of 9 yeast strains in laboratory medium, three selected strains (saccharomyces cere ... | 2015 | 25726850 |
| effects of distillation system and yeast strain on the aroma profile of albariño (vitis vinifera l.) grape pomace spirits. | orujo is a traditional alcoholic beverage produced in galicia (northwest spain) from distillation of grape pomace, a byproduct of the winemaking industry. in this study, the effect of the distillation system (copper charentais alembic versus packed column) and the yeast strain (native yeast l1 versus commercial yeast l2) on the chemical and sensory characteristics of orujo obtained from albariño (vitis vinifera l.) grape pomace has been analyzed. principal component analysis, with two components ... | 2014 | 25307564 |
| genome-wide identification and analysis of mitogen activated protein kinase kinase kinase gene family in grapevine (vitis vinifera). | mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase kinases (mapkkks; map3ks) are important components of mapk cascades, which are highly conserved signal transduction pathways in animals, yeast and plants, play important roles in plant growth and development. mapkkks have been investigated on their evolution and expression patterns in limited plants including arabidopsis, rice and maize. | 2014 | 25158790 |
| wild saccharomyces cerevisiae strains display biofilm-like morphology in contact with polyphenols from grapes and wine. | polyphenols are a major component of wine grapes, and contribute to color and flavor, but their influence upon yeast growth forms has not been investigated. in this work we have studied the effect of polyphenols on the ability of natural isolates of wine-related saccharomyces cerevisiae strains to form biofilms attaching to plastic surfaces, to grow as mat colonies, to invade media, and to display filamentous growth. the use of carbon- and nitrogen-rich or deficient media simulated grape juice f ... | 2014 | 25150672 |
| increased resveratrol production in wines using engineered wine strains saccharomyces cerevisiae ec1118 and relaxed antibiotic or auxotrophic selection. | resveratrol is a polyphenolic compound with diverse beneficial effects on human health. red wine is the major dietary source of resveratrol but the amount that people can obtain from wines is limited. to increase the resveratrol production in wines, two expression vectors carrying 4-coumarate: coenzyme a ligase gene (4cl) from arabidopsis thaliana and resveratrol synthase gene (rs) from vitis vinifera were transformed into industrial wine strain saccharomyces cerevisiae ec1118. when cultured wit ... | 2015 | 25683151 |
| selection of autochthonous saccharomyces cerevisiae strains as wine starters using a polyphasic approach and ochratoxin a removal. | over the last few years, the selection of autochthonous strains of saccharomyces cerevisiae as wine starters has been studied; however, researchers have not focused on the ability to remove ochratoxin a (ota) as a possible trait to use in oenological characterization. in this article, a polyphasic approach, including yeast genotyping, evaluation of phenotypic traits, and fermentative performance in a model system (temperature, 25 and 30°c; sugar level, 200 and 250 g liter(-1)), was proposed as a ... | 2014 | 24988024 |
| functional characterization and developmental expression profiling of gibberellin signalling components in vitis vinifera. | gibberellins (gas) regulate numerous developmental processes in grapevine (vitis vinifera) such as rachis elongation, fruit set, and fruitlet abscission. the ability of ga to promote berry enlargement has led to its indispensable use in the sternospermocarpic ('seedless') table grape industry worldwide. however, apart from vvgai1 (vvdella1), which regulates internode elongation and fruitfulness, but not berry size of seeded cultivars, little was known about ga signalling in grapevine. we have id ... | 2015 | 25588745 |
| functional analysis of flavonoid 3',5'-hydroxylase from tea plant (camellia sinensis): critical role in the accumulation of catechins. | flavonoid 3',5'-hydroxylase (f3'5'h), an important branch point enzyme in tea plant flavan-3-ol synthesis, belongs to the cyp75a subfamily and catalyzes the conversion of flavones, flavanones, dihydroflavonols and flavonols into 3',4',5'-hydroxylated derivatives. however, whether b-ring hydroxylation occurs at the level of flavanones and/or dihydroflavonols, in vivo remains unknown. | 2014 | 25490984 |
| exploring three pips and three tips of grapevine for transport of water and atypical substrates through heterologous expression in aqy-null yeast. | aquaporins are membrane channels that facilitate the transport of water and other small molecules across the cellular membranes. we examined the role of six aquaporins of vitis vinifera (cv. touriga nacional) in the transport of water and atypical substrates (other than water) in an aqy-null strain of saccharomyces cerevisiae. their functional characterization for water transport was performed by stopped-flow fluorescence spectroscopy. the evaluation of permeability coefficients (pf) and activat ... | 2014 | 25111598 |
| the grapevine basic helix-loop-helix (bhlh) transcription factor positively modulates cbf-pathway and confers tolerance to cold-stress in arabidopsis. | basic helix-loop-helix (bhlh)-type transcription factors play diverse roles in plant physiological response and stress-adaptive regulation network. here, we identified one grapevine bhlh transcription factor from a cold-tolerant accession 'heilongjiang seedling' of chinese wild vitis amurensis (vabhlh1) as a transcriptional activator involved in cold stress. we also compared with its counterpart from a cold-sensitive vitis vinifera cv. cabernet sauvignon (vvbhlh1). these two putative proteins ar ... | 2014 | 24859977 |
| characterization of a grape class iv chitinase. | a chitinase was purified from vitis vinifera manzoni bianco grape juice and characterized. on the basis of proteomic analysis of tryptic peptides, a significant match identified the enzyme as a type iv grape chitinase previously found in juices of other v. vinifera varieties. the optimal ph and temperature for activity toward colloidal chitin were found to be 6 and 30 °c, respectively. the enzyme was found to hydrolyze chitin and oligomers of n-acetylglucosamine, generating n,n'-diacetylchitobio ... | 2014 | 24845689 |
| myb14, a direct activator of sts, is associated with resveratrol content variation in berry skin in two grape cultivars. | high and low resveratrol (res) contents in two cultivars are correlated with the expression abundance of myb14 , which could directly activate transcriptional expression of stilbene synthase gene ( sts ). resveratrol (3,5,4'-trihydroxystilbene) is one of the natural polyphenols produced by secondary metabolism in some plants. stilbene synthase (sts) is the key enzyme for the final step of precursor formation of resveratrol (res) in grapevines. in this study, we found that res contents in ripe be ... | 2014 | 24948530 |
| hannaella pagnoccae sp. nov., a tremellaceous yeast species isolated from plants and soil. | several independent surveys of yeasts associated with different plant materials and soil led to the proposal of a novel yeast species belonging to the tremellales clade (agaricomycotina, basidiomycota). analysis of the sequences of the d1/d2 domains and internal transcribed spacer region of the large subunit of the rrna gene suggested affinity to a phylogenetic lineage that includes hannaella coprosmaensis, hannaella oryzae and hannaella sinensis. thirty-two isolates were obtained from different ... | 2014 | 24614844 |
| effects of vine water status on dimethyl sulfur potential, ammonium, and amino acid contents in grenache noir grapes (vitis vinifera). | we studied the effect of vine water status on the dimethyl sulfur potential (dmsp), ammonium, and amino acid contents of the berry during the maturation of grenache noir grapes. water deficit increased the accumulation of amino acids in berries and favored yeast assimilable amino nitrogen. similarly, ammonium content was higher in berries from vines subjected to moderate water deficit. dmsp content followed the same trend as yeast assimilable amino acid content, with higher concentrations observ ... | 2014 | 24611597 |
| the grapevine tonoplast aquaporin tip2;1 is a pressure gated water channel. | in plants, the vacuole is a multifunctional organelle with an important role in the maintenance of the intracellular space. tonoplast membranes are highly permeable to water due to their content in aquaporins tips (tonoplast intrinsic proteins) that allow the rapid water influx creating an internal turgor pressure responsible for cell expansion, elongation and shape. the aim of the present study was to evaluate if the grapevine vitis vinifera tip2;1 would operate as a possible volume regulator g ... | 2014 | 24942877 |
| survival of the biological control agent candida sake cpa-1 on grapes under the influence of abiotic factors. | as reliability of preharvest applications of biological control agents (bcas) to control fruit pathogens is highly dependent on the survival of the selected organism, this study aimed to describe the population dynamics of the yeast-bca candida sake (saito & ota) cpa-1 on grape berries under the effect of abiotic factors such as temperature, relative humidity, sunlight and rainfall. | 2014 | 24917056 |
| copper homeostasis in grapevine: functional characterization of the vitis vinifera copper transporter 1. | the vitis vinifera copper transporter 1 is capable of self-interaction and mediates intracellular copper transport. an understanding of copper homeostasis in grapevine (vitis vinifera l.) is particularly relevant to viticulture in which copper-based fungicides are intensively used. in the present study, the vitis vinifera copper transporter 1 (vvctr1), belonging to the ctr family of copper transporters, was cloned and functionally characterized. amino acid sequence analysis showed that vvctr1 mo ... | 2014 | 24691572 |
| it's time to pop a cork on champagne's proteome! | champagne is a world-renowned french sparkling wine, which undergoes many steps (fermentation, aging …) for its elaboration. various compounds might evolve during this winemaking process and thus modify its final quality. here, we report the first proteome analysis of two standard commercial champagne wines, using the powerful combinatorial peptide ligand library (cpll) technique. indeed, wine proteins are present in small amounts but they are key compounds, likely to impact on both foam quality ... | 2014 | 24594285 |
| biodiversity study of wine yeasts belonging to the "terroir" of montepulciano d'abruzzo "colline teramane" revealed saccharomyces cerevisiae strains exhibiting atypical and unique 5.8s-its restriction patterns. | the montepulciano d'abruzzo "colline teramane" premium wine docg is produced in the teramo province (abruzzo, italy). this region has a great tradition in winemaking and the wine is produced by a spontaneous fermentation so it could represent a reservoir of wine natural yeasts with important oenological features. the aim of this study was to characterize the yeast community of this wine grape growing region in order to create a saccharomyces cerevisiae bank, providing data on oenological propert ... | 2014 | 24387846 |
| the grape aquaporin vvsip1 transports water across the er membrane. | water diffusion through biological membranes is facilitated by aquaporins, members of the widespread major intrinsic proteins (mips). in the present study, the localization, expression, and functional characterization of a small basic intrinsic protein (sip) from the grapevine were assessed. vvsip1 was expressed in leaves and berries from field-grown vines, and in leaves and stems from in vitro plantlets, but not in roots. when expressed in tobacco mesophyll cells and in saccharomyces cerevisiae ... | 2014 | 24376256 |
| influence of new generation fungicides on saccharomyces cerevisiae growth, grape must fermentation and aroma biosynthesis. | the influence of ten new generation fungicides (ametoctradin, benthiavalicarb-isopropyl, boscalid, cyazofamid, dimethomorph, fenhexamid, kresoxim-methyl, mepanipyrim, metrafenone, and pyraclostrobin) on the fermentative activity of saccharomyces cerevisiae yeast was initially evaluated in pasteurised red must. the presence of ametoctradin, dimethomorph and mepanipyrim seemed to affect sugars-to-ethanol yield in the stationary phase. the same fermentation experiments were carried out for these th ... | 2014 | 24176337 |
| expression of aba synthesis and metabolism genes under different irrigation strategies and atmospheric vpds is associated with stomatal conductance in grapevine (vitis vinifera l. cv cabernet sauvignon). | the influence of different levels of irrigation and of variation in atmospheric vapour pressure deficit (vpd) on the synthesis, metabolism, and transport of abscisic acid (aba) and the effects on stomatal conductance were examined in field-grown cabernet sauvignon grapevines. xylem sap, leaf tissue, and root tissue were collected at regular intervals during two seasons in conjunction with measurements of leaf water potential (ψleaf) and stomatal conductance (gs). the different irrigation levels ... | 2013 | 23630325 |
| candida phyllophila sp. nov. and candida vitiphila sp. nov., two novel yeast species from grape phylloplane in thailand. | three strains (k59(t), k60 and k70 (t)) representing two novel yeast species were isolated from the external surface of leaves of different wine grape (vitis vinifera) plants, which were collected from the kanchanaburi research station (n14°07'15.1″ e099°19'05.6″), wang dong sub-district, mueang district, kanchanaburi province, thailand, by an enrichment technique. the sequences of the d1/d2 domain of the large subunit (lsu) rrna gene of two strains (k59(t) and k60) were identical and differed f ... | 2013 | 23863289 |
| candida sake cpa-1 and other biologically based products as potential control strategies to reduce sour rot of grapes. | sour rot of grapes is becoming increasingly important disease in many wine-growing regions, while consistent chemical or biological control has not been reported. authors evaluated relative incidence and severity of sour rot in untreated grapevines and the effect of different biologically based treatments on sour rot at harvest. applications of candida sake cpa-1 plus fungicover® , ulocladium oudemansii and chitosan were carried out in an organic vineyard in lleida area, spain, during the 2009 a ... | 2013 | 23789778 |
| ogataea kanchanaburiensis sp. nov. and ogataea wangdongensis sp. nov., two novel methylotrophic yeast species from phylloplane in thailand. | three strains (km03(t), km13 (t) and km15) representing two novel methylotrophic yeast species were isolated from the external surface of plant leaves, which were collected from kanchanaburi province, thailand, by three-consecutive enrichments in methanol broth. strain km03(t) was isolated from phylloplane of a mango tree (mangifera indica) and two strains, km13(t) and km15, were obtained from phylloplane of different wine grapes (vitis vinifera). the sequences of the d1/d2 region of the large s ... | 2013 | 23104074 |
| biosynthesis of wine aroma: transcript profiles of hydroxymethylbutenyl diphosphate reductase, geranyl diphosphate synthase, and linalool/nerolidol synthase parallel monoterpenol glycoside accumulation in gewürztraminer grapes. | in developing grapevine (vitis vinifera l.) berries, precursor volatile organic compounds (pvocs) are largely stored as glycosides which may be hydrolyzed to release vocs during fruit ripening, wine making, or aging. vocs can be further transformed by yeast metabolism. together, these processes contribute to complexity of wine aromas. floral and citrus odors of many white wine varietals are attributed to monoterpenes and monoterpene alcohols, while phenolic compounds, norisoprenoids, and other v ... | 2012 | 22824963 |
| characterization of a putative grapevine zn transporter, vvzip3, suggests its involvement in early reproductive development in vitis vinifera l. | zinc (zn) deficiency is one of the most widespread mineral nutritional problems that affect normal development in plants. because zn cannot passively diffuse across cell membranes, it must be transported into intracellular compartments for all biological processes where zn is required. several members of the zinc-regulated transporters, iron-regulated transporter-like protein (zip) gene family have been characterized in plants, and have shown to be involved in metal uptake and transport. this st ... | 2012 | 22824090 |
| interaction analysis of grapevine mikc(c)-type mads transcription factors and heterologous expression of putative véraison regulators in tomato. | mikc(c)-type mads-domain transcription factors include important regulators of floral development that interact in protein complexes to control the development of floral organs, as described by the abc model. members of the sepallata (sep) and agamous (ag) mads clades include proteins involved in stamen and carpel specification and certain members of these families, such as tomato (solanum lycopersicon) slrin and sltagl1, have been shown to regulate fruit development and ripening initiation. a n ... | 2013 | 23787144 |
| relationships between harvest time and wine composition in vitis vinifera l. cv. cabernet sauvignon 1. grape and wine chemistry. | the study aimed to quantify the effects of grape maturity on wine alcohol, phenolics, flavour compounds and polysaccharides in vitis vinifera l. cv cabernet sauvignon. grapes were harvested at juice soluble solids from 20 to 26 °brix which corresponded to a range of wine ethanol concentrations between 12% and 15.5%. grape anthocyanin and skin tannin concentration increased as ripening progressed, while seed tannin declined. in the corresponding wines, monomeric anthocyanin and wine tannin concen ... | 2013 | 23411300 |
| characterization of the aba signal transduction pathway in vitis vinifera. | the plant hormone abscisic acid (aba) regulates many key processes in plants including the response to abiotic stress. aba signal transduction consists of a double-negative regulatory mechanism, whereby aba-bound pyr/rcars inhibit pp2c activity, and pp2cs inactivate snrk2s. we studied and analyzed the various genes participating in the aba signaling cascade of the grape (vitis vinifera). the grape aba signal transduction consists of at least six snrk2s. yeast two-hybrid system was used to test d ... | 2012 | 22404836 |
| lachancea lanzarotensis sp. nov., an ascomycetous yeast isolated from grapes and wine fermentation in lanzarote, canary islands. | during the characterization of the microbiota biodiversity associated with grapes and wineries in different bioclimatic conditions of the canary islands (spain), a novel yeast species was isolated from lanzarote, the driest wine-producing region of the archipelago. seven strains isolated from grapes, microvinifications and wineries are described. sequence analysis of the d1/d2 domain of the lsu rdna gene and 5.8s-its regions revealed that the isolates were phylogenetically a member of the genus ... | 2013 | 23125316 |
| multi-enzyme production by pure and mixed cultures of saccharomyces and non-saccharomyces yeasts during wine fermentation. | saccharomyces and non-saccharomyces yeasts release enzymes that are able to transform neutral compounds of grape berries into active aromatic compounds, a process that enhances the sensory attributes of wines. so far, there exists only little information about enzymatic activity in mixed cultures of saccharomyces and non-saccharomyces during grape must fermentations. the aim of the present work was to determine the ability of yeasts to produce extracellular enzymes of enological relevance (β-glu ... | 2012 | 22326141 |
| rootstock and vineyard floor management influence on 'cabernet sauvignon' grape yeast assimilable nitrogen (yan). | this is a study on the influence that two rootstocks (110r, high vigour; 420a, low vigour) and three vineyard floor management regimes (tilled resident vegetation - usual practise in california, and barley cover crops that were either mowed or tilled) had upon grape nitrogen-containing compounds (mainly ammonia and free amino acids recalculated as yan), sugars, and organic acids in 'cabernet sauvignon' clone 8. a significant difference was observed for some of the free amino acids between rootst ... | 2011 | 25214080 |
| exploring insights for virulent gene inhibition of multidrug resistant salmonella typhi, vibrio cholerae, and staphylococcus areus by potential phytoligands via in silico screening. | in our recent studies on prevalence of multidrug resistant pathogens in byramangala reservoir, karnataka, india, we identified salmonella typhi, staphylococcus aureus, and vibrio cholerae which had acquired multiple drug resistance (mdr) and emerged as superbugs. hence, there is a pressing demand to identify alternative therapeutic remedies. our study focused on the screening of herbal leads by structure-based virtual screening. the virulent gene products of these pathogens towards kanamycin(aph ... | 2014 | 23876154 |
| response of vitis vinifera cell cultures to eutypa lata and trichoderma atroviride culture filtrates: expression of defence-related genes and phenotypes. | cell suspension cultures of vitis vinifera cv. dauphine berries were used to study the response to the vascular pathogen, eutypa lata, in comparison with a biological control agent, trichoderma atroviride, that was previously shown to be effective in pruning wound protection. the expression of genes coding for enzymes of the phenylpropanoid pathway and pathogenesis-related (pr) proteins was profiled over a 48-h period using quantitative reverse transcriptase pcr. the cell cultures responded to e ... | 2017 | 27352313 |
| phosphoproteomic analysis of induced resistance reveals activation of signal transduction processes by beneficial and pathogenic interaction in grapevine. | protein phosphorylation regulates several key processes of the plant immune system. protein kinases and phosphatases are pivotal regulators of defense mechanisms elicited by resistance inducers. however, the phosphorylation cascades that trigger the induced resistance mechanisms in plants have not yet been deeply investigated. the beneficial fungus trichoderma harzianum t39 (t39) induces resistance against grapevine downy mildew (plasmopara viticola), but its efficacy could be further improved b ... | 2016 | 27010348 |
| rapidly changing climatic conditions for wine grape growing in the okanagan valley region of british columbia, canada. | a statistical analysis was conducted on long-term climate records for sites bordering okanagan lake in the okanagan valley viticultural region of british columbia, canada. average wine grape growing season temperatures are increasing rapidly in the area over the post-1980 period at rates upwards of 7.0±1.3°c/century. similar increases in the average dormant season temperature are evident. these temperature changes are likely some of the most extreme observed among the world's wine producing area ... | 2016 | 26971218 |
| overexpression of antimicrobial lytic peptides protects grapevine from pierce's disease under greenhouse but not field conditions. | pierce's disease (pd) caused by xylella fastidiosa prevents cultivation of grapevine (vitis vinifera) and susceptible hybrids in the southeastern united states and poses a major threat to the grape industry of california and texas. genetic resistance is the only proven control of x. fastidiosa. genetic engineering offers an alternative to heretofore ineffective conventional breeding in order to transfer only pd resistance traits into elite cultivars. a synthetic gene encoding lytic peptide lima- ... | 2015 | 25894660 |
| radicinin from cochliobolus sp. inhibits xylella fastidiosa, the causal agent of pierce's disease of grapevine. | the fastidious phytopathogenic bacterium, xylella fastidiosa, poses a substantial threat to many economically important crops, causing devastating diseases including pierce's disease of grapevine. grapevines (vitis vinifera l.) planted in an area under pierce's disease pressure often display differences in disease severity and symptom expression, with apparently healthy vines growing alongside the dying ones, despite the fact that all the vines are genetic clones of one another. under the hypoth ... | 2015 | 25892412 |
| analysis of hrct-derived xylem network reveals reverse flow in some vessels. | long distance water and nutrient transport in plants is dependent on the proper functioning of xylem networks, a series of interconnected pipe-like cells that are vulnerable to hydraulic dysfunction as a result of drought-induced embolism and/or xylem-dwelling pathogens. here, flow in xylem vessels was modeled to determine the role of vessel connectivity by using three dimensional xylem networks derived from high resolution computed tomography (hrct) images of grapevine (vitis vinifera cv. 'char ... | 2013 | 23743143 |
| water deficit modulates the response of vitis vinifera to the pierce's disease pathogen xylella fastidiosa. | pierce's disease, caused by the bacterium xylella fastidiosa, is one of the most devastating diseases of cultivated grape, currently restricted to the americas. to test the long-standing hypothesis that pierce's disease results from pathogen-induced drought stress, we used the affymetrix vitis genechip to compare the transcriptional response of vitis vinifera to xylella infection, water deficit, or a combination of the two stresses. the results reveal a redirection of gene transcription involvin ... | 2013 | 23425100 |
| relative susceptibility of vitis vinifera cultivars to vector-borne xylella fastidiosa through time. | understanding the interactions between pathogen, crop and vector are necessary for the development of disease control practices of vector-borne pathogens. for instance, resistant plant genotypes can help constrain disease symptoms due to infections and limit pathogen spread by vectors. on the other hand, genotypes susceptible to infection may increase pathogen spread owing to their greater pathogen quantity, regardless of their symptom status. in this study, we evaluated under greenhouse conditi ... | 2013 | 23424629 |
| vascular occlusions in grapevines with pierce's disease make disease symptom development worse. | vascular occlusions are common structural modifications made by many plant species in response to pathogen infection. however, the functional role(s) of occlusions in host plant disease resistance/susceptibility remains controversial. this study focuses on vascular occlusions that form in stem secondary xylem of grapevines (vitis vinifera) infected with pierce's disease (pd) and the impact of occlusions on the hosts' water transport and the systemic spread of the causal bacterium xylella fastidi ... | 2013 | 23292789 |
| stilbenes from vitis vinifera l. waste: a sustainable tool for controlling plasmopara viticola. | stilbene-enriched extracts from vitis vinifera waste (cane, wood, and root) were characterized by uhplc-ms. eleven stilbenes were identified and quantified as follows: ampelopsin a, (e)-piceatannol, pallidol, (e)-resveratrol, hopeaphenol, isohopeaphenol, (e)-ε-viniferin, (e)-miyabenol c, (e)-ω-viniferin, r2-viniferin, and r-viniferin. the fungicide concentration inhibiting 50% of growth of plasmopara viticola sporulation (ic50) was determined for the extracts and also for the main compounds isol ... | 2017 | 28288509 |
| proteomics towards the understanding of elicitor induced resistance of grapevine against downy mildew. | elicitors are known to trigger plant defenses in response to biotic stress, but do not systematically lead to effective resistance to pathogens. the reasons explaining such differences remain misunderstood. therefore, elicitation and induced resistance (ir) were investigated through the comparison of two modified β-1,3 glucans applied on grapevine (vitis vinifera) leaves before and after inoculation with plasmopara viticola, the causal agent of downy mildew. the sulfated (ps3) and the shortened ... | 2017 | 28153682 |
| overexpression of a stress-responsive u-box protein gene vapub affects the accumulation of resistance related proteins in vitis vinifera 'thompson seedless'. | many u-box proteins have been identified and characterized as important factors against environmental stresses such as chilling, heat, salinity and pathogen attack in plant. our previous research reported the cloning of a novel u-box protein gene vapub from vitis amurensis 'zuoshanyi' grape and suggested a function of it in related to cold stress in the model plant arabidopsis system. in this study, the role of vapub in response to biotic and abiotic stress was further analyzed in the homologous ... | 2017 | 28039816 |
| specific adjustments in grapevine leaf proteome discriminating resistant and susceptible grapevine genotypes to plasmopara viticola. | grapevine downy mildew is an important disease affecting crop production leading to severe yield losses. this study aims to identify the grapevine cultivar-specific adjustments of leaf proteome that allow the discrimination between resistance and susceptibility towards p. viticola (constitutive (0h) and in after inoculation (6, 12 and 24h). leaf proteome analysis was performed using 2d difference gel electrophoresis followed by protein identification via mass spectrometry. in addition, we analys ... | 2017 | 27989945 |
| revisiting vitis vinifera subtilase gene family: a possible role in grapevine resistance against plasmopara viticola. | subtilisin-like proteases, also known as subtilases, are a very diverse family of serine peptidases present in many organisms. in grapevine, there are hints of the involvement of subtilases in defense mechanisms, but their role is not yet understood. the first characterization of the subtilase gene family was performed in 2014. however, simultaneously, the grapevine genome was re-annotated and several sequences were re-annotated or retrieved. we have performed a re-characterization of this famil ... | 2016 | 27933087 |
| adaptation of a plant pathogen to partial host resistance: selection for greater aggressiveness in grapevine downy mildew. | an understanding of the evolution of pathogen quantitative traits in response to host selective pressures is essential for the development of durable management strategies for resistant crops. however, we still lack experimental data on the effects of partial host resistance on multiple phenotypic traits (aggressiveness) and evolutionary strategies in pathogens. we performed a cross-inoculation experiment with four grapevine hosts and 103 isolates of grapevine downy mildew (plasmopara viticola) ... | 2016 | 27247621 |
| proteome of plasmopara viticola-infected vitis vinifera provides insights into grapevine rpv1/rpv3 pyramided resistance to downy mildew. | grapevine is one of the major fruit crops worldwide and requires phytochemical use due to susceptibility to numerous pests, including downy mildew. the pyramiding of previous identified qtl resistance regions allows selection of genotypes with combined resistance loci in order to build up sustainable resistance. this study investigates resistance response of pyramided plants containing rpv1 and rpv3 loci to plasmopara viticola infection process. phenotypic characterization showed complete resist ... | 2017 | 27235723 |
| linking jasmonic acid to grapevine resistance against the biotrophic oomycete plasmopara viticola. | plant resistance to biotrophic pathogens is classically believed to be mediated through salicylic acid (sa) signaling leading to hypersensitive response followed by the establishment of systemic acquired resistance. jasmonic acid (ja) signaling has extensively been associated to the defense against necrotrophic pathogens and insects inducing the accumulation of secondary metabolites and pr proteins. moreover, it is believed that plants infected with biotrophic fungi suppress ja-mediated response ... | 2016 | 27200038 |
| quantitative trait loci affecting pathogen resistance and ripening of grapevines. | grapevines (vitis vinifera l.) form the basis of viticulture, and are susceptible to diseases such as downy mildew (plasmopara viticola) and powdery mildew (erysiphe necator). therefore, successful viticulture programs require the use of pesticides. breeding for resistance is the only eco-friendly solution. marker-assisted selection is currently widely used for grapevine breeding. consequently, traits of interest must be tagged with molecular markers linked to quantitative trait loci (qtl). we h ... | 2016 | 27038830 |