| synteny analysis in rosids with a walnut physical map reveals slow genome evolution in long-lived woody perennials. | mutations often accompany dna replication. since there may be fewer cell cycles per year in the germlines of long-lived than short-lived angiosperms, the genomes of long-lived angiosperms may be diverging more slowly than those of short-lived angiosperms. here we test this hypothesis. | 2015 | 26383694 |
| molecular cloning, sequence characterization and expression pattern of rab18 gene from watermelon (citrullus lanatus). | the complete mrna sequence of watermelon rab18 gene was amplified through the rapid amplification of cdna ends (race) method. the full-length mrna was 1010 bp containing a 645 bp open reading frame, which encodes a protein of 214 amino acids. sequence analysis revealed that watermelon rab18 protein shares high homology with the rab18 of cucumber (99%), muskmelon (98%), morus notabilis (90%), tomato (89%), wine grape (89%) and potato (88%). phylogenetic analysis revealed that watermelon rab18 gen ... | 2015 | 26019638 |
| elucidation of the inhibitory effect of phytochemicals with kir6.2 wild-type and mutant models associated in type-1 diabetes through molecular docking approach. | among all serious diseases globally, diabetes (type 1 and type 2) still poses a major challenge to the world population. several target proteins have been identified, and the etiology causing diabetes has been reasonably well studied. but, there is still a gap in deciding on the choice of a drug, especially when the target is mutated. mutations in the kcnj11 gene, encoding the kir6.2 channel, are reported to be associated with congenital hyperinsulinism, having a major impact in causing type 1 d ... | 2014 | 25705171 |
| determination of toxic metals by icp-ms in asiatic and european medicinal plants and dietary supplements. | the potentially toxic metals content was determined in selected plants, used in traditional chinese medicine (angelica sinensis, bacopa monnieri, bupleurum sinensis, curcuma longa, cola accuminata, emblica officinalis, garcinia cambogia, mucuna pruriens, ocimum sanctum, panax ginseng, pueraria lobata, salvia miltiorrhiza, schisandra sinensis, scutellaria baicalensis, siraitia grosvenorii, terminalia arjuna and terminalia chebula), and some european herbs (echinacea purpurea, hypericum perforatum ... | 2015 | 25467854 |
| posterior hyaloid detachment and internal limiting membrane peeling assisted by anthocyanins from acai fruit (euterpe oleracea) and 10 other natural vital dyes: experimental study in cadaveric eyes. | the purpose of this study was to determine whether natural dyes facilitate posterior hyaloid detachment (posterior vitreous detachment [pvd]) and retinal internal limiting membrane (ilm) peeling in human eyes. | 2013 | 22990318 |
| reproductive mode and fine-scale population genetic structure of grape phylloxera (daktulosphaira vitifoliae) in a viticultural area in california. | grape phylloxera (daktulosphaira vitifoliae) is one of the world's most important viticultural pests. however, the reproductive mode, genetic structure and host adaptation of phylloxera in various viticultural environments remains unclear. we examined reproductive mode and genetic structure of phylloxera by analyzing microsatellite makers across the samples from four vineyard-sites in california. | 2013 | 24367928 |
| life history and assessment of grapevine phylloxera leaf galling incidence on vitis species in uruguay. | grapevine phylloxera, daktulosphaira vitifoliae (fitch) (hemiptera: phylloxeridae) is a worldwide pest of vitis species. it has forms that feed on leaves and roots. root forms predominate on vitis vinifera (l.) cultivars, while leaf forms predominate on vitis species from its native american range. recently, high densities of d. vitifoliae infestations in leaves of v. vinifera in brazil, peru, and uruguay have been reported. the aims of this study were to determine the seasonal development of gr ... | 2013 | 23667822 |
| expression of putative expansin genes in phylloxera (daktulosphaira vitifoliae fitch) induced root galls of vitis spp. | grape phylloxera (daktulosphaira vitifoliae fitch) is a serious global pest in viticulture. the insects are sedentary feeders and require a gall to feed and reproduce. the insects induce their feeding site within the meristematic zone of the root tip, where they stay attached, feeding both intra- and intercellularly, and causing damage by reducing plant vigour. several changes in cell structure and composition, including increased cell division and tissue swelling close to the feeding site, caus ... | 2017 | 26074670 |
| clone lineages of grape phylloxera differ in their performance on vitis vinifera. | grape phylloxera, daktulosphaira vitifoliae fitch, is an important pest of grapevines (vitis vinifera l.) (vitaceae). the distribution and frequency of phylloxera clone lineages vary within infested regions of australia, suggesting the introduction of separate lineages of d. vitifoliae with host associations. virulence levels of particular phylloxera clones may vary on v. vinifera, but much of this evidence is indirect. in this study, we directly tested the performance of phylloxera clones on v. ... | 2010 | 20482931 |
| a framework map from grapevine v3125 (vitis vinifera 'schiava grossa' x 'riesling') x rootstock cultivar 'börner' (vitis riparia x vitis cinerea) to localize genetic determinants of phylloxera root resistance. | grapevine rootstock cultivar 'börner' is a hybrid of vitis riparia and vitis cinerea arnold that shows high resistance to phylloxera (daktulosphaira vitifoliae fitch). to localize the determinants of phylloxera root resistance, the susceptible grapevine v3125 (vitis vinifera 'schiava grossa' x 'riesling') was crossed to 'börner'. genetic framework maps were built from the progeny. 235 microsatellite markers were placed on the integrated parental map. they cover 1,155.98 cm on 19 linkage groups w ... | 2009 | 19626311 |
| consequences of insect herbivory on grape fine root systems with different growth rates. | herbivory tolerance has been linked to plant growth rate where plants with fast growth rates are hypothesized to be more tolerant of herbivory than slower-growing plants. evidence supporting this theory has been taken primarily from observations of aboveground organs but rarely from roots. grapevines differing in overall rates of new root production, were studied in napa valley, california over two growing seasons in an established vineyard infested with the sucking insect, grape phylloxera (dak ... | 2007 | 17547651 |
| seasonal capacity of attached and detached vineyard roots to support grape phylloxera (homoptera: phylloxeridae). | field experiments were conducted to evaluate population densities and survival, developmental rate, and fecundity of grape phylloxera, daktulosphaira vitifoliae (fitch), as influenced by root attachment or detachment from mature, field-grown, vitis vinifera l. grapevines through the growing season. experiments were performed using artificial infestations of california biotype a grape phylloxera. thirty-day bioassays on attached- and detached-roots were repeated monthly from may to september in 1 ... | 2001 | 11233103 |
| biology and management of grape phylloxera. | grape phylloxera, daktulosphaira vitifoliae (homoptera: phylloxeridae), is a worldwide pest of grapevines. its life cycle has sexual and asexual portions with forms that feed from leaf and root galls. not all forms occur throughout the insect's range. root forms predominate on vitis vinifera cultivars; leaf forms predominate on other vitis species characteristic of the american native range. other conditions influence expression of the life cycle. hosts and conditions similarly affect life table ... | 2001 | 11112174 |
| investigation of anti-asthmatic potential of kanakasava in ovalbumin-induced bronchial asthma and airway inflammation in rats. | kanakasava is an indian traditional ayurvedic formulation containing datura (datura metel), vasaca (adhatoda vasica), dhataki (woodfordia fruticosa) and grape (vitis vinifera) extracts as major constituents and used to treat pulmonary diseases including coughing, breathing difficulty and asthma. the present study was designed to assess the safety and therapeutic efficacy of kanakasava against ovalbumin-induced bronchial asthma and related airway inflammation in rats due to lack of evidence based ... | 2017 | 27502540 |
| an integrated approach to demonstrating the anr pathway of proanthocyanidin biosynthesis in plants. | proanthocyanidins (pas) are oligomers or polymers of plant flavan-3-ols and are important to plant adaptation in extreme environmental conditions. the characterization of anthocyanidin reductase (anr) and leucoanthocyanidin reductase (lar) has demonstrated the different biogenesis of four stereo-configurations of flavan-3-ols. it is important to understand whether anr and the anr pathway widely occur in the plant kingdom. here, we report an integrated approach to demonstrate the anr pathway in p ... | 2012 | 22678031 |
| evidence for a putative flavonoid translocator similar to mammalian bilitranslocase in grape berries (vitis vinifera l.) during ripening. | during maturation, vitis vinifera berries accumulate a large amount of several anthocyanins in the epidermal tissue, whereas their precursors and intermediates are ubiquitously synthesized within the fruit. up to date, several mechanisms of flavonoid transport at subcellular level have been hypothesized, but it is not possible to identify a general model applicable in every plant tissue and organ. recently, a putative anthocyanin carrier, homologue to mammalian bilitranslocase (btl) (tc 2.a.65.1 ... | 2008 | 18365247 |
| administration of a polyphenol-enriched feed to farmed sea bass (dicentrarchus labrax l.) modulates intestinal and spleen immune responses. | farmed fish are exposed to a continuous antigenic pressure by microbial and environmental agents, which may lead to a condition of chronic inflammation. in view of the notion that polyphenols, largely contained in fruits and vegetables, are endowed with antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities, farmed sea bass (dicentrarchus labrax l.) have been administered with red grape polyphenol-enriched feed. polyphenols were extracted from the seeds of canosina nero di troia vitis vinifera and mixed w ... | 2016 | 26779301 |
| authentication of punica granatum l.: development of scar markers for the detection of 10 fruits potentially used in economically motivated adulteration. | the large commercial success of pomegranate increase the likelihood of economically motivated adulteration (ema), which has been gradually spotted with the undeclared addition of anthocyanin-rich plants or cheaper fruit juices used as bulking and diluting agents. a method based on sequence-characterized amplified regions (scars) was developed to detect the presence of aristotelia chilensis, aronia melanocarpa, dioscorea alata, euterpe oleracea, malus×domestica, morus nigra, sambucus nigra, vacci ... | 2016 | 26920316 |
| protective effects of proanthocyanidins of grape (vitis vinifera l.) seeds on dna damage induced by doxorubicin in somatic cells of drosophila melanogaster. | proanthocyanidins (pas), also known as condensed tannins, are naturally occurring oligomers and polymers of flavan-3-ol monomer units widely found in the leaves, flowers, fruits, seeds, nuts and barks of many plants. grape seed proanthocyanidins (gsps) have been used as nutritional supplements, as antioxidants, in preventing atherosclerosis and cardiovascular diseases, and for dislipidemy treatment. the anthracycline antibiotic adriamycin (doxorubicin, dxr) is a cancer chemotherapeutic agent tha ... | 2009 | 19341778 |
| separation of viroid rnas by cellulose chromatography indicating conformational distinctions. | a series of viroids and viroid-like rnas extracted from citron (citrus medica), grapevine (vitis vinifera), and avocado (persea americanum) displayed differential binding capacities to cellulose in the presence of ethanol. this nonionic interaction was influenced by the presence of magnesium ions suggesting variations in conformation among the viroid rnas and corresponding differences in reactivity with cellulose. the specific elution profiles present a basis for the subclassification of groups ... | 1986 | 3776103 |
| effects of introducing threatened falcons into vineyards on abundance of passeriformes and bird damage to grapes. | agricultural landscapes are becoming an important focus of animal conservation, although initiatives to conserve predators to date have rarely provided economic benefits to agricultural producers. we examined whether introduction to vineyards of the new zealand falcon (falco novaeseelandiae), a species listed as threatened by the new zealand department of conservation, affected the abundance of 4 species of passeriformes that are considered vineyard pests or affected the amount of economic loss ... | 2012 | 22010952 |
| new records of eriophyoid mites (acari: prostigmata: eriophyoidea) from saudi arabia. | a field study was conducted to investigate eriophyoid mites associated with some fruit trees in riyadh, saudi arabia. the survey was carried out in four localities (el-waseel, al-beer, al-haiyer and el-deriya) and included seven species of fruit trees, namely olives (olea europea), fig (ficus carica), grapes (vitis vinifera), apple (malus domestica), citrus (citrus spp.), pomegranate (punica granatum) and pear (pyrus communis). seven new records of eriophyoid species (aceria benghalensis soliman ... | 2011 | 21916261 |
| evaluation of dietary status with respect to trace element intake from dry fruits consumed in pakistan: a study using instrumental neutron activation analysis. | instrumental neutron activation analysis has been utilized for the quantification of 24 major, minor and trace elements in dried apricots (prunus armeniaca), dates (phoenix dectylifera), figs (ficus carica) and raisins (vitis vinifera) using a low-power reactor as the neutron source. the weekly intakes of aluminium, arsenic, boron, calcium, chlorine, cobalt, chromium, iron, mercury, potassium, sodium, magnesium, manganese, molybdenum, antimony, selenium and zinc have been calculated and compared ... | 2009 | 19306223 |
| a simple gc-ms method for the screening of betulinic, corosolic, maslinic, oleanolic and ursolic acid contents in commercial botanicals used as food supplement ingredients. | the occurrence of triterpene pentacyclic acids in plants is extensive, but little is known about their availability in commercial extracts. a simple gc-ms method for the simultaneous determination of betulinic, corosolic, maslinic, oleanolic and ursolic acids was developed and applied to 38 different commercial plant extracts sold as ingredients for dietary supplements. a suitable protocol was set up to perform routine control of a diverse array of samples with different botanical, chemical and ... | 2013 | 23122121 |
| insights from the complete chloroplast genome into the evolution of sesamum indicum l. | sesame (sesamum indicum l.) is one of the oldest oilseed crops. in order to investigate the evolutionary characters according to the sesame genome project, apart from sequencing its nuclear genome, we sequenced the complete chloroplast genome of s. indicum cv. yuzhi 11 (white seeded) using illumina and 454 sequencing. comparisons of chloroplast genomes between s. indicum and the 18 other higher plants were then analyzed. the chloroplast genome of cv. yuzhi 11 contains 153,338 bp and a total of 1 ... | 2013 | 24303020 |
| soil application of neonicotinoid insecticides for control of insect pests in wine grape vineyards. | soil application of systemic neonicotinoid insecticides can provide opportunities for long-term control of insect pests in vineyards, with minimal risk of pesticide drift or worker exposure. this study compared the effectiveness of neonicotinoid insecticides applied via irrigation injection on key early-season and mid-season insect pests of vineyards in the eastern united states. | 2012 | 22290809 |
| [after-effects in untreated progenies from chickens treated with the products from resistant interspecific grape-vine hybrids]. | feeding hens and cocks for 6-8 weeks with the products - wines and juices - from ± resistant interspecific grapevine varieties (f1, f2r), i.e. from crosses between sensitive types of vitis vinifera and ± resistant american wild types, led to physiological changes of the treated animals. these changes became evident by more than 40% of malformations, especially of legs and plumage, among the individuals of their untreated f1 progeny. these effects proved to be reproducable.among the f2-individual ... | 1971 | 24430524 |
| colaspis caligula, a new species found in association with vitis vinifera (l.) crops in argentina (coleoptera: chrysomelidae). | some species of colaspis fabricius are well-known pests of several crops in argentina. in this contribution, we describe a new species within this genus: colaspis caligula n. sp., found in association with vitis vinifera (linnaeus) crops. we provide descriptions and illustrations of the mature larva, pupa and adult, as well as notes on its diagnostic characters, life cycle, and the damages produced to the plants. | 2016 | 27615925 |
| the mads-box gene agamous-like 11 is essential for seed morphogenesis in grapevine. | despite the wide appreciation of seedless grapes, little is known about the molecular mechanisms that drive the stenospermocarpic seedless-type phenotype in grapevine. in order to address the molecular mechanisms that control seedlessness in grapevine, our study aimed to characterize vviagl11, a class d mads-box transcription factor gene that has been proposed as the major candidate gene involved in vitis vinifera seed morphogenesis. vviagl11 allelic variations in seeded and seedless grapevine c ... | 2017 | 28369525 |
| antioxidative and prooxidative effects in food lipids and synergism with α-tocopherol of açaí seed extracts and grape rachis extracts. | extracts of açaí seed and of grape rachis alone or in combination with α-tocopherol were evaluated as antioxidants in (i) bulk soybean oil, (ii) soybean oil liposomes and (iii) soybean-oil/water emulsions. the extracts made with 57% aqueous ethanol showed an antioxidant activity not dependent on concentration for grape rachis extracts and a concentration-dependent prooxidative activity for açaí seed extracts in bulk soybean oil. both the extracts, however, protected liposome suspensions and oil/ ... | 2016 | 27451202 |
| fungal endophytes as a metabolic fine-tuning regulator for wine grape. | endophytes proved to exert multiple effects on host plants, including growth promotion, stress resistance. however, whether endophytes have a role in metabolites shaping of grape has not been fully understood. eight endophytic fungal strains which originally isolated from grapevines were re-inoculated to field-grown grapevines in this study, and their effects on both leaves and berries of grapevines at maturity stage were assessed, with special focused on secondary metabolites and antioxidant ac ... | 2017 | 27656886 |
| validation of reference genes for normalization of gene expression by qrt-pcr in a resveratrol-producing entophytic fungus (alternaria sp. mg1). | alternaria sp. mg1, an endophytic fungus isolated from vitis vinifera, can independently produce resveratrol, indicating that this species contains the key genes for resveratrol biosynthesis. identification of these key genes is essential to understand the resveratrol biosynthesis pathway in this strain, which is currently unknown in microorganisms. qrt-pcr is an efficient and widely used method to identify the key genes related to unknown pathways at the level of gene expression. verification o ... | 2016 | 27826948 |
| comparing wild american grapes with vitis vinifera: a metabolomics study of grape composition. | we analyzed via untargeted uhplc-esi-q-tof-ms the metabolome of the berry tissues (skin, pulp, seeds) of some american vitis species (vitis cinerea, vitis californica, vitis arizonica), together with four interspecific hybrids, and seven vitis vinifera cultivars, aiming to find differences in the metabolomes of the american vitis sp. versus vitis vinifera. apart from the known differences, that is, more complex content of anthocyanins and stilbenoids in the american grapes, we observed higher pr ... | 2015 | 26158394 |
| weissella uvarum sp. nov., isolated from wine grapes. | two bacterial strains (b18bm42(t) and b18nm6) were recovered during a study of bacterial diversity on wine grapes (vitis vinifera l.) from the nemea region in greece. phylogenetic analysis based on 16s rrna gene sequences placed the two strains within the genus weissella, and found them to be most closely related to weissella minor nric 1625(t) followed by weissella viridescens nric 1536(t) (99.1 and 98.9% sequence similarity, respectively). the level of dna-dna relatedness between strains b18nm ... | 2014 | 25180092 |
| differential production of phytotoxins from phomopsis sp. from grapevine plants showing esca symptoms. | nine strains of the fungus phomopsis spp. were isolated from a vineyard showing decline from the disease esca. strains were screened for their ability to produce secondary metabolites showing chemical diversity. the culture extracts of each strain were analyzed by liquid chromatography-ultraviolet-diode array detection-mass spectrometry. three strains were selected for the isolation and characterization of eight of the major metabolites. structures were elucidated by spectroscopic analyses inclu ... | 2014 | 25070068 |
| tydeid and triophtydeid mites (acari: tydeoidea) associated with grapevine (vitaceae: vitis spp.) in brazil, with the descriptions of species of prelorryia (andré, 1980) and tydeus koch, 1835. | we report on the tydeidae and triophtydeidae associated with grapevine (vitis labrusca l. and vitis vinifera l.) in rio grande do sul state, brazil, and describe a new species of prelorryia, prelorryia labrusca sp. nov., and two new species of tydeus, tydeus manoi sp. nov. and tydeus riopardensis sp. nov. brachytydeus formosa (cooreman), b. podocarpa (baker), neolorryia pandana (baker), tydeus californicus (banks), pretydeus henriandrei kaźmierski and triophtydeus lebruni (andré) are recorded an ... | 2014 | 24943444 |
| phytophthora niederhauserii sp. nov., a polyphagous species associated with ornamentals, fruit trees and native plants in 13 countries. | a non-papillate, heterothallic phytophthora species first isolated in 2001 and subsequently from symptomatic roots, crowns and stems of 33 plant species in 25 unrelated botanical families from 13 countries is formally described here as a new species. symptoms on various hosts included crown and stem rot, chlorosis, wilting, leaf blight, cankers and gumming. this species was isolated from australia, hungary, israel, italy, japan, the netherlands, norway, south africa, spain, taiwan, turkey, the u ... | 2014 | 24871599 |
| morphological and phylogenetic identification of botrytis sinoviticola, a novel cryptic species causing gray mold disease of table grapes (vitis vinifera) in china. | seventy-five isolates of botrytis collected from table grapes (vitis vinifera) with gray mold symptoms in china were identified based on morpho-cultural characteristics on potato dextrose agar (20 c) and/or phylogenetic analysis using the sequences of three nuclear genes (g3pdh, hsp60, rpb2). isolates of different species of botrytis were compared with fenhexamid sensitivity, bc-hch gene-rflp haplotyping and pathogenicity to v. vinifera. the 75 isolates comprise two species, b. cinerea (63 isola ... | 2014 | 24396103 |
| profiling the main cell wall polysaccharides of grapevine leaves using high-throughput and fractionation methods. | vitis species include vitis vinifera, the domesticated grapevine, used for wine and grape agricultural production and considered the world's most important fruit crop. a cell wall preparation, isolated from fully expanded photosynthetically active leaves, was fractionated via chemical and enzymatic reagents; and the various extracts obtained were assayed using high-throughput cell wall profiling tools according to a previously optimized and validated workflow. the bulk of the homogalacturonan-ri ... | 2014 | 24274496 |
| fingerprinting of anthocyanins from grapes produced in brazil using hplc-dad-ms and exploratory analysis by principal component analysis. | the anthocyanin profile was studied for 11 types of grapes of different varieties and geographical origins, including 10 wine grape varieties (vitis vinifera) and one hybrid variety. twenty anthocyanins were identified by means of the absorbance spectrum and fragmentation pattern by tandem mass spectrometry. the multivariate method of principal component analysis (pca) was used to evaluate differences amongst the cultivars. the results show the hybrid grape separated from a cluster represented b ... | 2014 | 24128494 |
| seasonal biology of ferrisia gilli (hemiptera: pseudococcidae) in california sierra foothill vineyards. | the mealybug ferrisia gilli gullan is an emerging pest of wine grapes grown in california's sierra foothills. a relatively new species, it had previously been recorded as a pest of pistachio, almond, and ornamentals. it was first reported on grape in el dorado county in 2003 and has since established and spread. nondestructive monitoring of grape vine sections was conducted in untreated vineyard plots and compared with destructive sampling conducted in grower-treated plots in 2008 and 2009 to de ... | 2013 | 24020286 |
| transcriptome analysis reveals the genetic basis of the resveratrol biosynthesis pathway in an endophytic fungus (alternaria sp. mg1) isolated from vitis vinifera. | alternaria sp. mg1, an endophytic fungus previously isolated from merlot grape, produces resveratrol from glucose, showing similar metabolic flux to the phenylpropanoid biosynthesis pathway, currently found solely in plants. in order to identify the resveratrol biosynthesis pathway in this strain at the gene level, de novo transcriptome sequencing was conducted using illumina paired-end sequencing. a total of 22,954,434 high-quality reads were assembled into contigs and 18,570 unigenes were iden ... | 2016 | 27588016 |
| alternaria sp. mg1, a resveratrol-producing fungus: isolation, identification, and optimal cultivation conditions for resveratrol production. | due to its potential in preventing or slowing the occurrence of many diseases, resveratrol (3,5,4'-trihydroxystilbene) has attracted great research interest. the objective of this study was to identify microorganisms from selected plants that produce resveratrol and to optimize the conditions for resveratrol production. endophytes from merlot wine grapes (vitis vinifera l. cv. merlot), wild vitis (vitis quinquangularis rehd.), and japanese knotweed (polygonum cuspidatum siebold & zucc.) were iso ... | 2012 | 22526800 |
| antispila oinophylla new species (lepidoptera, heliozelidae), a new north american grapevine leafminer invading italian vineyards: taxonomy, dna barcodes and life cycle. | a grapevine leafminer antispila oinophylla van nieukerken & wagner, sp. n., is described both from eastern north america (type locality: georgia) and as a new important invader in north italian vineyards (trentino and veneto region) since 2006. the species is closely related to, and previously confused with antispila ampelopsifoliella chambers, 1874, a species feeding on virginia creeper parthenocissus quinquefolia (l.) planchon., and both are placed in an informal antispila ampelopsifoliella gr ... | 2012 | 22408380 |
| whole-genome sequencing reveals a new genospecies of methylobacterium sp. gxs13, isolated from vitis vinifera l. xylem sap. | the whole-genome sequence of a new genospecies of methylobacterium sp., named gxs13 and isolated from grapevine xylem sap, is reported and demonstrates potential for methylotrophy, cytokinin synthesis, and cell wall modification. in addition, biosynthetic gene clusters were identified for cupriachelin, carotenoid, and acyl-homoserine lactone using the antismash server. | 2016 | 26847900 |
| mapping genetic loci for tolerance to lime-induced iron deficiency chlorosis in grapevine rootstocks (vitis sp.). | iron is essential to plants for chlorophyll formation as well as for the functioning of various iron-containing enzymes. iron deficiency chlorosis is a wide-spread disorder of plants, in particular, of those growing on calcareous soils. among the different ways to control iron deficiency problems for crops, plant material and especially rootstock breeding is a suitable and reliable method, especially for fruit trees and grapes. the aim of the experiment was to characterize the genetic basis of g ... | 2013 | 23139142 |
| the effects of unripe grape extract on systemic blood pressure and serum levels of superoxide dismutase, malondialdehyde and nitric oxide in rat. | the new lifestyle increases the incidence of hypertension. in iranian folk medicine, it is believed that verjuice obtained by unripe grape (vitis vinifera) could control blood pressure. we tested the effects of unripe grape extract (uge) in blood pressure alteration, serum antioxidant level and aorta endothelial permeability in rats. | 2015 | 26261811 |
| nucleic acids in mummified plant seeds: screening of twelve specimens by gel-electrophoresis, molecular hybridization and dna cloning. | twelve seed specimens of varying ages and from different archaeological sites were analyzed for the presence of polymerized dna and rna. amongst the samples tested, one of vitis vinifera from an archaeological site in iran (2,000-3,000 b.c.) was found to be completely devoid of nucleic acids. zea mais seeds of precolumbial age from peru (about 800 a.d.) contained depolymerized dna and rna. samples of vitis vinifera and rubus sp. from a lombard archaeological site (800 a.d.) as well as radiocarbo ... | 1987 | 24241105 |
| [study of antioxidant activity of phenolic compounds from some species of georgian flora]. | the antioxidant activity of extracts obtained from different parts of georgian flora species hamamelis virginiana l., astragalus caucasicus pall., astragalus microcephalus willd., vitis vinifera l., rhododendron ponticum l., rhododendron ungernii trautv., ginkgo biloba l., salvia officinalis l., querqus iberica stev., maclura aurantiaca nutt., cotinus coggygria ledeb., fraxinus ornus l., urtica dioica l., rhododendron caucasicum pall., pueraria hirsuta matsum., geranium pusillum l., astragalus t ... | 2013 | 24099817 |
| genome-wide analysis of the sucrose synthase gene family in grape (vitis vinifera): structure, evolution, and expression profiles. | sucrose synthase (ss) is widely considered as the key enzyme involved in the plant sugar metabolism that is critical to plant growth and development, especially quality of the fruit. the members of ss gene family have been identified and characterized in multiple plant genomes. however, detailed information about this gene family is lacking in grapevine (vitis vinifera l.). in this study, we performed a systematic analysis of the grape (v. vinifera) genome and reported that there are five ss gen ... | 2017 | 28350372 |
| generation of expressed sequence tags under cadmium stress for gene discovery and development of molecular markers in chickpea. | chickpea is the world's third most important legume crop and belongs to fabaceae family but suffered from severe yield loss due to various biotic and abiotic stresses. development of modern genomic tools such as molecular markers and identification of resistant genes associated with these stresses facilitate improvement in chickpea breeding towards abiotic stress tolerance. in this study, 1597 high-quality expressed sequence tags (ests) were generated from a cdna library of variety pusa 1105 roo ... | 2014 | 24414095 |
| rapid shoot-to-root signalling regulates root hydraulic conductance via aquaporins. | we investigated how root hydraulic conductance (normalized to root dry weight, lo ) is regulated by the shoot. shoot topping (about 30% reduction in leaf area) reduced lo of grapevine (vitis vinifera l.), soybean (glycine max l.) and maize (zea mays l.) by 50 to 60%. more detailed investigations with soybean and grapevine showed that the reduction in lo was not correlated with the reduction in leaf area, and shading or cutting single leaves had a similar effect. percentage reduction in lo was la ... | 2014 | 23926961 |
| metnet online: a novel integrated resource for plant systems biology. | plants are important as foods, pharmaceuticals, biorenewable chemicals, fuel resources, bioremediation tools and general tools for recombinant technology. the study of plant biological pathways is advanced by easy access to integrated data sources. today, various plant data sources are scattered throughout the web, making it increasingly complicated to build comprehensive datasets. | 2012 | 23066841 |
| transcriptional and metabolic profiling of grape (vitis vinifera l.) leaves unravel possible innate resistance against pathogenic fungi. | grapevine species (vitis sp.) are prone to several diseases, fungi being the major pathogens compromising its cultivation and economic profit around the world. knowledge of the complexity of mechanisms responsible for resistance to fungus infection of cultivars, such as regent, is necessary for strategies to be defined which will improve resistance in highly susceptible crop species. transcript and metabolic profiles of the vitis vinifera cultivars regent and trincadeira (resistant and susceptib ... | 2008 | 18648103 |
| mesocarp localization of a bi-functional resveratrol/hydroxycinnamic acid glucosyltransferase of concord grape (vitis labrusca). | resveratrol is a stilbene with well-known health-promoting effects in humans that is produced constitutively or accumulates as a phytoalexin in several plant species including grape (vitis sp.). grape berries accumulate stilbenes in the exocarp as cis- and trans-isomers of resveratrol, together with their respective 3-o-monoglucosides. an enzyme glucosylating cis- and trans-resveratrol was purified to apparent homogeneity from concord (vitis labrusca) grape berries, and peptide sequencing associ ... | 2007 | 17270014 |
| mechanical properties, phenolic composition and extractability indices of barbera grapes of different soluble solids contents from several growing areas. | phenolic compounds, extractable from grape skins and seeds, have a notable influence on the quality of red wines. many studies have clearly demonstrated the relationship between the phenolic composition of the grape at harvest time and its influence on the phenolic composition of the red wine produced. in many previous works the evolution of phenolic composition and relative extractability was normally studied on grapes sampled at different times during ripening, but at the same date the physiol ... | 2010 | 20103161 |
| trehalose metabolism is activated upon chilling in grapevine and might participate in burkholderia phytofirmans induced chilling tolerance. | during the last decade, there has been growing interest in the role of trehalose metabolism in tolerance to abiotic stress in higher plants, especially cold stress. so far, this metabolism has not yet been studied in vitis vinifera l., despite the economic importance of this crop. the goal of this paper was to investigate the involvement of trehalose metabolism in the response of grapevine to chilling stress, and to compare the response in plants bacterised with burkholderia phytofirmans strain ... | 2012 | 22367062 |
| biodiversity and ochratoxin a profile of aspergillus section nigri populations isolated from wine grapes in cyprus vineyards. | the objective of this study was to evaluate the biodiversity of aspergillus section nigri populations from cyprus vineyards by morphological, toxigenic and phylogenetic analysis. aspergillus section nigri populations were isolated from grapes of the varieties 'maratheftiko' and 'cabernet sauvignon' originating from six growing regions of cyprus during 2010 and 2011 years. the isolation frequency of aspergillus section nigri from grape samples was 43.3% and a total of 284 isolates were selected f ... | 2017 | 28648287 |
| aflatoxin, proximate composition and mineral profile of stored broiler feed treated with medicinal plant leaves. | in the present investigation, the morus alba (m. alba), vitis vinifera (v. vinifera), ficus religiosa (f. religiosa) and citrus paradisi (c. paradisi) leaves anti-aflatoxigenic activities were evaluated in aspergillus flavus (a. flavus) inoculated feed. | 2017 | 28483450 |
| the emerging contribution of social wasps to grape rot disease ecology. | grape sour (bunch) rot is a polymicrobial disease of vineyards that causes millions of dollars in lost revenue per year due to decreased quality of grapes and resultant wine. the disease is associated with damaged berries infected with a community of acetic acid bacteria, yeasts, and filamentous fungi that results in rotting berries with high amounts of undesirable volatile acidity. many insect species cause the initial grape berry damage that can lead to this disease, but most studies have focu ... | 2017 | 28462032 |
| the use of high-throughput small rna sequencing reveals differentially expressed micrornas in response to aster yellows phytoplasma-infection in vitis vinifera cv. 'chardonnay'. | phytoplasmas are cell wall-less plant pathogenic bacteria responsible for major crop losses throughout the world. in grapevine they cause grapevine yellows, a detrimental disease associated with a variety of symptoms. the high economic impact of this disease has sparked considerable interest among researchers to understand molecular mechanisms related to pathogenesis. increasing evidence exist that a class of small non-coding endogenous rnas, known as micrornas (mirnas), play an important role i ... | 2017 | 28813447 |
| how streptomyces anulatus primes grapevine defenses to cope with gray mold: a study of the early responses of cell suspensions. | gray mold, caused by botrytis cinerea, is one of the most destructive diseases of grapevine and is controlled with an intense application of fungicides. as alternatives to chemicals, beneficial microbes may promote plant health by stimulating the plant's immune system. an actinomycete, streptomyces anulatus s37, has been screened from the rhizosphere microbiome of healthy vitis vinifera on the basis of its ability to promote grapevine growth and to induce resistance against various phytopathogen ... | 2017 | 28702033 |
| the induction of noble rot (botrytis cinerea) infection during postharvest withering changes the metabolome of grapevine berries (vitis vinifera l., cv. garganega). | the natural or induced development of noble rot caused by the fungus botrytis cinerea during the late stages of grapevine (vitis vinifera l.) berry ripening is used in some traditional viticulture areas to produce high-quality wines such as sauternes and tokaji. in this research, we wanted to verify if by changing the environmental conditions during post-harvest withering we could induce the noble rot development on harvested berries in order to positively change the wine produced from withered ... | 2017 | 28680428 |
| analysis of the grape (vitis vinifera l.) thaumatin-like protein (tlp) gene family and demonstration that tlp29 contributes to disease resistance. | thaumatin-like protein (tlp) is present as a large family in plants, and individual members play different roles in various responses to biotic and abiotic stresses. here we studied the role of 33 putative grape (vitis vinifera l.) tlp genes (vvtlp) in grape disease resistance. heat maps analysis compared the expression profiles of 33 genes in disease resistant and susceptible grape species infected with anthracnose (elsinoe ampelina), powdery mildew (erysiphe necator) or botrytis cinerea. among ... | 2017 | 28655869 |
| the effects of erzincan grape (vitis vinifera spp., cimin) and benzothiazol on a caenorhabditis elegans organism model. | grapes and their products are known to have been used for the treatment of diseases throughout history. | 2017 | 28808410 |
| infection and colonization of nicotiana benthamiana by grapevine leafroll-associated virus 3. | grapevine leafroll disease is an increasing problem in all grape-growing regions of the world. the most widespread agent of the disease, grapevine leafroll-associated virus 3 (glrav-3), has never been shown to infect species outside of the genus vitis. virus transmission to several plant species used as model systems was tested using the vine mealybug, planococcus ficus. we show that glrav-3 is able to infect nicotiana benthamiana. working with glrav-3 infected n. benthamiana revealed distinct a ... | 2017 | 28710957 |
| relative prevalence of grapevine leafroll-associated virus species in wine grape-growing regions of california. | some diseases manifest as one characteristic set of symptoms to the host, but can be caused by multiple pathogens. control treatments based on plant symptoms can make it difficult to effectively manage such diseases, as the biology of the underlying pathogens can vary. grapevine leafroll disease affects grapes worldwide, and is associated with several viral species in the family closteroviridae. whereas some of the viruses associated with this disease are transmitted by insect vectors, others ar ... | 2015 | 26529503 |
| grapevine leafroll disease and associated viruses: a unique pathosystem. | grapevine leafroll is the most complex and intriguing viral disease of grapevine (vitis spp.). several monopartite closteroviruses (family closteroviridae) from grapevines have been molecularly characterized, yet their role in disease etiology is not completely resolved. hence, these viruses are currently designated under the umbrella term of grapevine leafroll-associated viruses (glravs). this review examines our current understanding of the genetically divergent glravs and highlights the emerg ... | 2015 | 26243729 |
| biological, serological, and molecular characterization of a highly divergent strain of grapevine leafroll-associated virus 4 causing grapevine leafroll disease. | the complete genome sequence of a highly divergent strain of grapevine leafroll-associated virus 4 (glrav-4) was determined using 454 pyrosequencing technology. this virus, designated glrav-4 ob, was detected in vitis vinifera 'otcha bala' from our grapevine virus collection at agroscope. the glrav-4 ob genome length and organization share similarities with members of subgroup ii in the genus ampelovirus (family closteroviridae). otcha bala was graft-inoculated onto indicator plants of cultivar ... | 2015 | 25822183 |
| the recent importation of grapevine pinot gris virus into australia. | a total of 575 commercial grapevine (vitis vinifera) samples from australia have been tested for a newly emerging virus, grapevine pinot gris virus (trichovirus, betaflexiviridae) during 2015-2017. nine samples from two states tested positive. six of these were from new south wales and 3 from south australia in a total of eight varieties. all these varieties were imported from europe within the last 4-19 years. a fragment of 431 nucleotides on the coat protein gene of grapevine pinot gris virus ... | 2017 | 28612275 |
| spatiotemporal spread of grapevine red blotch-associated virus in a california vineyard. | grapevine red blotch-associated virus (grbav), the causative agent of red blotch disease, is a member of the genus grablovirus, in the family geminiviridae and the first known geminivirus of vitis spp. limited information is available on the epidemiology of red blotch disease. a 2-hectare vitis vinifera cv. 'cabernet franc' vineyard in napa county, california, usa was selected for monitoring grbav spread over a three-year period (2014-2016) based on an initially low disease incidence and an aggr ... | 2017 | 28392444 |
| phylogeny of geminivirus coat protein sequences and digital pcr aid in identifying spissistilus festinus as a vector of grapevine red blotch-associated virus. | grapevine red blotch-associated virus (grbav) is a single-stranded dna virus, proposed to be a member of the family geminiviridae, and is associated with grapevines showing red blotch symptoms in north america. the existence of the virus was reported in 2012, and subsequently detected in grapevines in major grape production regions. we investigated if a vector exists that can transmit grbav in vineyards. phylogenetic analysis of the predicted amino acid sequence of coat protein (cp) of grbav wit ... | 2016 | 27111804 |
| grapevine red blotch-associated virus is present in free-living vitis spp. proximal to cultivated grapevines. | red blotch is an emerging disease of grapevine associated with grapevine red blotch-associated virus (grbav). the virus spreads with infected planting stocks but no vector of epidemiological significance has been conclusively identified. a vineyard block of red-blotch-affected vitis vinifera 'cabernet franc' clone 214 was observed in california, with a clustering of infected, symptomatic vines focused along one edge of the field proximal to a riparian habitat with free-living vitis spp. no genet ... | 2016 | 26960112 |
| association of a novel dna virus with the grapevine vein-clearing and vine decline syndrome. | a severe vein-clearing and vine decline syndrome has emerged on grapevines (vitis vinifera) and hybrid grape cultivars in the midwest region of the united states. the typical symptoms are translucent vein-clearing on young leaves, short internodes and decline of vine vigor. known viral pathogens of grapevines were not closely associated with the syndrome. to obtain a comprehensive profile of viruses in a diseased grapevine, small rnas were enriched and two cdna libraries were constructed from a ... | 2011 | 21554183 |
| isolation and identification of the indigenous yeast population during spontaneous fermentation of isabella (vitis labrusca l.) grape must. | grape must harbors a complex community of yeast species responsible for spontaneous alcoholic fermentation. although there are detailed studies on the microbiota of vitis vinifera l. grapes, less is known about the diversity and behavior of yeast communities present on fermenting grape must from other species of vitis. in this work, we used a culture-dependent method to study the identity and dynamics of the indigenous yeast population present during the spontaneous fermentation of isabella (vit ... | 2017 | 28424672 |
| genome-wide identification of the mikc-type mads-box gene family in gossypium hirsutum l. unravels their roles in flowering. | cotton is one of the major world oil crops. cottonseed oil meets the increasing demand of fried food, ruminant feed, and renewable bio-fuels. mads intervening keratin-like and c-terminal (mikc)-type mads-box genes encode transcription factors that have crucial roles in various plant developmental processes. nevertheless, this gene family has not been characterized, nor its functions investigated, in cotton. here, we performed a comprehensive analysis of mikc-type mads genes in the tetraploid gos ... | 2017 | 28382045 |
| root foraging in response to heterogeneous soil moisture in two grapevines that differ in potential growth rate. | * linkages between plant growth rate and root responses to soil moisture heterogeneity were investigated. * root dynamics were studied using genetically identical shoots (vitis vinifera cv. merlot) with genetically distinct root systems that promote higher (hsv) and lower (lsv) shoot growth rates (1103p and 101-14 mgt, respectively). three quantities of irrigation replenished different amounts of evapotranspiration (0, 40 and 100%et(c)) in a california vineyard. * roots of hsv vines exhibited mo ... | 2008 | 18503506 |
| [responses of agricultural crops of free-air co2 enrichment]. | over the past decade, free-air co2 enrichment (face) experiments have been conducted on several agricultural crops: wheat(triticum aestivum l.), perennial ryegrass (lolium perenne), and rice(oryza sativa l.) which are c3 grasses; sorghum (sorghum bicolor (l.) möench), a c4 grass; white clover (trifolium repens), a c3 legume; potato (solanum tuberosum l.), a c3 forb with tuber storage; and cotton (gossypium hirsutum l.) and grape (vitis vinifera l.) which are c3 woody perennials. using reports fr ... | 2002 | 12557686 |
| muscadinia rotundifolia 'noble' defense response to plasmopara viticola inoculation by inducing phytohormone-mediated stilbene accumulation. | downy mildew (dm), one of the most devastating grape diseases worldwide, is caused by the biotrophic oomycete plasmopara viticola (pv). in general, grapevine responds to pv infection with the accumulation of phytoalexins as part of the innate immune system, and diverse phytoalexins are induced on grapevines with different dm-resistance levels in response to pv invasion. however, the regulation of phytoalexin biosynthesis during grapevine against pv is still unclear. herein, we detected stilbenes ... | 2017 | 28653245 |
| correlative analysis of fluorescent phytoalexins by mass spectrometry imaging and fluorescence microscopy in grapevine leaves. | plant response to their environment stresses is a complex mechanism involving secondary metabolites. stilbene phytoalexins, namely resveratrol, pterostilbene, piceids and viniferins play a key role in grapevine (vitis vinifera) leaf defense. despite their well-established qualities, conventional analyses such as hplc-dad or lc-ms lose valuable information on metabolite localization during the extraction process. to overcome this issue, a correlative analysis combining mass spectroscopy imaging ( ... | 2017 | 28570053 |
| grapevine subtilase family: update on new sequences and nomenclature proposal. | in grapevine, serine peptidases from the subtilase family were recently associated to plasmopara viticola resistance. this family in grapevine, first characterized in 2014, was re-analyzed last year and 82 subtilase genes were identified. however, in november of 2016, the national center for biotechnology information database (ncbi) made a new public release of the grapevine genome annotation based on new sequencing data and better prediction algorithms. as a consequence, some gene annotations a ... | 2017 | 28533788 |
| identification of a novel alternative splicing variant of vvpma1 in grape root under salinity. | it has been well-demonstrated that the control of plasma membrane h(+)-atpase (pm h(+)-atpase) activity is important to plant salt tolerance. this study found a significant increase in pm h(+)-atpase (pma) activity in grape root exposed to nacl. furthermore, 7 vitis vinifera pm h(+)-atpase genes (vvpmas) were identified within the grape genome and the expression response of these vvpmas in grape root under salinity was analyzed. two vvpmas (vvpma1 and vvpma3) were expressed more strongly in root ... | 2017 | 28484478 |
| xylella fastidiosa: an examination of a re-emerging plant pathogen. | xylella fastidiosa is a gram-negative bacterial plant pathogen with an extremely wide host range. this species has recently been resolved into subspecies that correlate with host specificity. this review focuses on the status of x. fastidiosa pathogenic associations in plant hosts where the bacterium is either endemic or recently introduced. plant diseases associated with x. fastidiosa have been documented for over a century and much about what we know in the context of host-pathogen interaction ... | 2017 | 28742234 |
| odintifier--a computational method for identifying insertions of organellar origin from modern and ancient high-throughput sequencing data based on haplotype phasing. | cellular organelles with genomes of their own (e.g. plastids and mitochondria) can pass genetic sequences to other organellar genomes within the cell in many species across the eukaryote phylogeny. the extent of the occurrence of these organellar-derived inserted sequences (odins) is still unknown, but if not accounted for in genomic and phylogenetic studies, they can be a source of error. however, if correctly identified, these inserted sequences can be used for evolutionary and comparative gen ... | 2015 | 26216337 |
| date palm tree (phoenix dactylifera l.): natural products and therapeutic options. | many plants, including some of the commonly consumed herbs and spices in our daily food, can be safely and effectively used to prevent and/or treat some health concerns. for example, caffeine the active ingredient found in coffee beans (coffea), shows biological activity in the treatment of the central nervous system (cns) disorders, indole-3-carbinol, and 3,3'-diindolylmethane are both broccoli (brassica oleracea) derived phytochemicals with potential anti-cancer activity, and resveratrol, isol ... | 0 | 28588600 |
| use of natural diversity and biotechnology to increase the quality and nutritional content of tomato and grape. | improving fruit quality has become a major goal in plant breeding. direct approaches to tackling fruit quality traits specifically linked to consumer preferences and environmental friendliness, such as improved flavor, nutraceutical compounds, and sustainability, have slowly been added to a breeder priority list that already includes traits like productivity, efficiency, and, especially, pest and disease control. breeders already use molecular genetic tools to improve fruit quality although most ... | 0 | 28553296 |
| low source-sink ratio reduces reserve starch in grapevine woody canes and modulates sugar transport and metabolism at transcriptional and enzyme activity levels. | severe leaf removal decreases storage starch and sucrose in grapevine cv. cabernet sauvignon fruiting cuttings and modulates the activity of key enzymes and the expression of sugar transporter genes. leaf removal is an agricultural practice that has been shown to modify vineyard efficiency and grape and wine composition. in this study, we took advantage of the ability to precisely control the number of leaves to fruits in cabernet sauvignon fruiting cuttings to study the effect of source-sink ra ... | 0 | 28526983 |
| polyploidy did not predate the evolution of nodulation in all legumes. | several lines of evidence indicate that polyploidy occurred by around 54 million years ago, early in the history of legume evolution, but it has not been known whether this event was confined to the papilionoid subfamily (papilionoideae; e.g. beans, medics, lupins) or occurred earlier. determining the timing of the polyploidy event is important for understanding whether polyploidy might have contributed to rapid diversification and radiation of the legumes near the origin of the family; and whet ... | 2010 | 20661290 |
| isogene specific oligo arrays reveal multifaceted changes in gene expression during grape berry (vitis vinifera l.) development. | the transition from a green, hard, and acidic pericarp to a sweet, soft, coloured, and sugar-rich ripe fruit occurs in many unrelated fruit species. high throughput identification of differentially expressed genes in grape berry has been achieved by the use of 50-mers oligoarrays bearing a set of 3,200 unigenes from vitis vinifera to compare berry transcriptome at nine developmental stages. analysis of transcript profiles revealed that most activations were triggered simultaneously with softenin ... | 2005 | 16151847 |
| diosmin/essential oil combination for dermal photo-protection using a lipoid colloidal carrier. | solar irradiation induces skin inflammatory processes causing deleterious effects like premature ageing. in this study, the designed lipoid colloidal carrier (lcc) was loaded with diosmin in combination with different essential oils, to be used as a topical photo-protective preparation. to investigate the ability of the essential oils to potentiate diosmin effects, the diosmin/essential oil-loaded lccs (lcc2, lcc3 and lcc4) were compared to the diosmin-loaded lcc (lcc1). the incorporated essenti ... | 0 | 28390258 |
| relationship among color development, anthocyanin and pigment-related gene expression in 'crimson seedless' grapes treated with abscisic acid and sucrose. | 'crimson seedless' is one of the most important table grape varieties in chile, but under certain environmental conditions, the fruit exhibits inadequate red color development, causing economic losses due to lower product quality. the use of plant growth regulators, such as abscisic acid (aba) and ethylene, during development increases the anthocyanin content of the skin, improving the color of the berry. recently, sucrose has been identified as a signaling molecule capable of regulating the exp ... | 0 | 28412633 |
| isolation of native proanthocyanidins from grapevine (vitis vinifera) and other fruits in aqueous buffer. | condensed tannins (also called proanthocyanidins) present in strategic tissues of fruits (outer pericarp and vascular bundles) were known as short polymers of flavan-3-ols. a pretreatment of the plant material (fruits from the grapevine, persimmon) with buffered ascorbic acid and triton x-100 followed by acetone extraction provided native white fully depolymerizable tannins. tannins are usually extracted with aqueous solvents and further purified, although artifactual oxidations occur, altering ... | 0 | 28291348 |
| identification and organoleptic contribution of (z)-1,5-octadien-3-one to the flavor of vitis vinifera cv. merlot and cabernet sauvignon musts. | the main goal of this research was to identify key aroma compounds involved in the dried fruits (prune and dried fig) aroma of musts. an odoriferous zone (oz) was detected by gas chromatography coupled with olfactometry (gc-o) and identified as (z)-1,5-octadien-3-one (geranium). a quantitation method by spme-gc-ms (ci, meoh) was developed and validated for assaying this very fragrant ketone in musts for the first time (lod, 0.15 ng/l; loq, 0.5 ng/l). concentrations of (z)-1,5-octadien-3-one in m ... | 0 | 28190353 |
| transcriptomic analyses of ascorbic acid and carotenoid metabolites influenced by root restriction during grape berry development and ripening. | ascorbic acid (asa) and carotenoids are recognized as crucial metabolites for various biological processes in plants. the contents of asa and carotenoids in fruits are influenced by external environmental stimuli, such as water, temperature, light, and hormones. however, it is still not clear whether it can be affected by root restriction (rr) treatment. in this study, "summer black" grape berries (vitis vinifera × v. labrusca) under rr and control treatments during development and ripening were ... | 0 | 28177240 |
| rna-sequencing reveals biological networks during table grapevine ('fujiminori') fruit development. | grapevine berry development is a complex and genetically controlled process, with many morphological, biochemical and physiological changes occurring during the maturation process. research carried out on grapevine berry development has been mainly concerned with wine grape, while barely focusing on table grape. 'fujiminori' is an important table grapevine cultivar, which is cultivated in most provinces of china. in order to uncover the dynamic networks involved in anthocyanin biosynthesis, cell ... | 0 | 28118385 |
| resveratrol as an anticancer agent: a review. | owing to their antimicrobial, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory activity, grapes (vitis vinifera l.) are the archetypal paradigms of fruits used not only for nutritional purposes but also for exclusive therapeutics. grapes are a prominent and promising source of phytochemicals, especially resveratrol, a phytoalexin antioxidant found in red grapes which has both chemopreventive and therapeutic effects against various ailments. resveratrol's role in reducing different human cancers, including bre ... | 0 | 28001084 |
| aba and ga3 regulate the synthesis of primary and secondary metabolites related to alleviation from biotic and abiotic stresses in grapevine. | plants are able to synthesize a large number of organic compounds. among them, primary metabolites are known to participate in plant growth and development, whereas secondary metabolites are mostly involved in defense and other facultative processes. in grapevine, one of the major fruit crops in the world, secondary metabolites, mainly polyphenols, are of great interest for the wine industry. even though there is an extensive literature on the content and profile of those compounds in berries, s ... | 0 | 27998613 |
| potential health benefits and quality of dried fruits: goji fruits, cranberries and raisins. | dried fruits are important snacks and additives to other foods due to their taste and nutritional advantages. therefore there is an important goal to control the quality of the food on the market for consumer's safety. antioxidant activity of goji fruits (lycium barbarum), cranberries (vaccinium macrocarpon and oxycoccus) and raisins (vitis vinifera) were studied using the dpph (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl) and folin-ciocalteu assays. cu, mn and ge influencing antioxidant activity were determi ... | 0 | 27979197 |
| extracellular vesicles in food: experimental evidence of their secretion in grape fruits. | in the last decade, the number of studies related with extracellular vesicles (evs) has dramatically grown since their role as key part of intercellular communication has been confirmed. evs, as transporter of distinct bioactive molecules, can take part in different physiological mechanisms and have been gaining attention as potential tools with a wide range of therapeutic effects. whereas a high number of studies have been published related to mammalian derived evs, including products as food s ... | 0 | 27664331 |
| the photomorphogenic factors uv-b receptor 1, elongated hypocotyl 5, and hy5 homologue are part of the uv-b signalling pathway in grapevine and mediate flavonol accumulation in response to the environment. | grapevine (vitis vinifera l.) is a species well known for its adaptation to radiation. however, photomorphogenic factors related to uv-b responses have not been molecularly characterized. we cloned and studied the role of uv-b receptor (uvr1), elongated hypocotyl 5 (hy5), and hy5 homologue (hyh) from v. vinifera we performed gene functional characterizations, generated co-expression networks, and tested them in different environmental conditions. these genes complemented the arabidopsis uvr8 and ... | 0 | 27543604 |