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differences in the subgingival microbiota of swedish and usa subjects who were periodontally healthy or exhibited minimal periodontal disease.previous studies have shown differences in the mean proportions of subgingival species in samples from periodontitis subjects in different countries, which may relate to differences in diet, genetics, disease susceptibility and manifestation. the purpose of the present investigation was to determine whether there were differences in the subgingival microbiotas of swedish and american subjects who exhibited periodontal health or minimal periodontal disease.200515642056
analysis of the fecal microbiota of irritable bowel syndrome patients and healthy controls with real-time pcr.the gut microbiota may contribute to the onset and maintenance of irritable bowel syndrome (ibs). in this study, the microbiotas of patients suffering from ibs were compared with a control group devoid of gastrointestinal (gi) symptoms.200515667495
evaluation of bacterial nitrate reduction in the human oral cavity.it is hypothesized that the enterosalivary nitrate circulation encourages nitrate reducing bacteria to reside within the oral cavity. nitrite production may then limit the growth of acidogenic bacteria as a result of the production of antimicrobial oxides of nitrogen, including nitric oxide. this study was carried out with 10 subjects to characterize oral nitrate reduction and identify the bacteria responsible. nitrate reduction varied between individuals (mean 85.4 +/- 15.9 nmol nitrite min(-1) ...200515693824
influence of antimicrobial treatment for helicobacter pylori infection on the intestinal microflora in japanese macaques.eradication treatment for helicobacter pylori is known to cause mild but relatively frequent adverse effects. some adverse effects such as diarrhoea and soft stools are related to disruption of the composition of the intestinal microflora. this study investigated the microfloral changes resulting from administration of an eradication regimen using proton pump inhibitor (ppi), amoxycillin and clarithromycin. twenty-eight laboratory-bred japanese macaques either were administered eradication treat ...200515713617
microbiological culture analysis of the tongue anaerobic microflora in subjects with and without halitosis.determination of the microflora present on the tongue dorsum of subjects with and without halitosis using conventional microbiological culture methods.200515752102
scaling and root planing, systemic metronidazole and professional plaque removal in the treatment of chronic periodontitis in a brazilian population ii--microbiological results.the current investigation evaluated changes in levels and proportions of 39 bacterial species in subgingival plaque samples after scaling and root planing (srp) alone or in combination with systemic metronidazole and/or professional cleaning in subjects with chronic periodontitis.200515811059
multiplex fish analysis of a six-species bacterial biofilm.established procedures use different and seemingly incompatible experimental protocols for fluorescent in situ hybridization (fish) with gram-negative and gram-positive bacteria. the aim of this study was to develop a procedure, based on fish and confocal laser scanning microscopy (clsm), for the analysis of the spatial organization of in vitro biofilms containing both gram-negative and gram-positive oral bacteria. biofilms composed of the six oral species actinomyces naeslundii, candida albican ...200414706749
molecular identification of the first human isolate belonging to the veillonella ratti-veillonella criceti group based on 16s rdna and dnak gene sequencing.anaerobic gram-negative cocci belonging to the genus veillonella are currently subdivided into eight species. among them, four have been isolated either from human flora or from clinical samples during infectious processes: veillonella atypica, v. dispar, v. parvula and v. montpellierensis. to date, the four other species have only been found in animals. in particular, v. ratti and v. criceti, since their characterization, have been exclusively reported from mouth and intestine of rodents. we re ...200515862461
antibiotic resistance profile of the subgingival microbiota following systemic or local tetracycline therapy.tetracyclines have been extensively used as adjunctives to conventional periodontal therapy. emergence of resistant strains, however, has been reported. this study evaluated longitudinally the tetracycline resistance patterns of the subgingival microbiota of periodontitis subjects treated with systemic or local tetracycline therapy+scaling and root planing (srp).200415142209
coaggregation profiles of the microflora from root surface caries lesions.bacterial coaggregation reactions between different species and the auto aggregation of the same species are associated with the initiation and development of dental plaque and biofilms. as no such data is available on isolates from root caries lesions, we evaluated, by a visual, semi-quantitative scoring system and a spectrophotometric, quantitative assay, the coaggregation of 22 different wild-type microbial species comprising ten bacterial genera and a single candida spp. the quantitative coa ...200515598414
periodontal disease and coronary heart disease: a reappraisal of the exposure.results from studies relating periodontal disease to cardiovascular disease have been mixed. residual confounding by smoking and use of clinical measures of periodontal disease rather than measures of infection have been 2 major criticisms. the aims of this study were to investigate relationships between prevalent coronary heart disease (chd) and 2 exposures, (1) clinical periodontal disease and (2) igg antibodies to 17 oral organisms, and to evaluate the role of smoking in these relationships.200515983248
[recovery of veillonella from saliva].veillonella spp. are anaerobic gram-negative cocci associated to oral health. different types of cultures have been reported for the isolation of these microorganisms. veillonella spp. colonies produce a red fluorescence, which is made visible through ultraviolet light and disappears in contact with oxygen. this feature would be very useful for rapid presumptive identification. the aims of this study were: 1. to compare the rogosa selective medium for veillonella with the cultures recommended by ...200515991476
bacterial diversity in necrotizing ulcerative periodontitis in hiv-positive subjects.necrotizing ulcerative periodontitis (nup) is a painful and potentially debilitating affliction that affects about 2% to 6% of hiv-positive subjects. nup may be caused by specific microorganisms that are presently unknown or by microbial species not usually thought to cause periodontal infections. the purpose of this study was to define the bacterial species associated with nup in hiv-positive patients.200216013212
veillonella montpellierensis endocarditis.veillonella spp. rarely cause infections in humans. we report a case of veillonella endocarditis documented by isolating a slow-growing, gram-negative microbe in blood cultures. this microbe was identified as the newly recognized species veillonella montpellierensis (100% homology) by 16s rna gene sequence analysis.200516022792
the maintenance in the oral cavity of children of tetracycline-resistant bacteria and the genes encoding such resistance.to investigate the maintenance of tetracycline-resistant oral bacteria and the genes encoding tetracycline resistance in these bacteria in children (aged 4--6 years) over a period of 12 months.200516027144
genotypic characterization of bacteria cultured from duck faeces.to characterize the bacterial composition of mallard duck faeces and determine if novel bacterial species are present that could be utilized as potential indicators of avian faecal contamination.200516033461
identification of candidate periodontal pathogens and beneficial species by quantitative 16s clonal analysis.most studies of the bacterial etiology of periodontitis have used either culture-based or targeted dna approaches, and so it is likely that pathogens remain undiscovered. the purpose of this study was to use culture-independent, quantitative analysis of biofilms associated with chronic periodontitis and periodontal health to identify pathogens and beneficial species. samples from subjects with periodontitis and controls were analyzed using ribosomal 16s cloning and sequencing. several genera, ma ...200516081935
biochemical differentiation and comparison of desulfovibrio species and other phenotypically similar genera.seventeen human clinical isolates representing four species of desulfovibrio were characterized using 16s rrna gene sequences and tests for catalase, indole, nitrate, bile, urease, formate-fumarate stimulation, desulfoviridin, motility, and hydrogen sulfide production, plus susceptibility to antimicrobial agents. eighty additional strains representing 10 phenotypically similar genera (bilophila, selenomonas, capnocytophaga, campylobacter, bacteroides, sutterella, anaerobiospirillum, dialister, v ...200516081948
veillonella discitis. a case report. 200616085443
hydrogen sulfide-producing bacteria in tongue biofilm and their relationship with oral malodour.the aims of this study were to identify hydrogen sulfide (h2s)-producing bacteria among tongue biofilm microflora and to investigate the relationship between bacterial flora and h2s levels in mouth air. oral malodour levels in 10 subjects (age 21-56 years) were assessed by gas chromatography, and breathtron and organoleptic scores. based on these assessments, subjects were divided into two groups: an odour group and a no/low odour group. tongue coatings were sampled and spread onto fastidious an ...200516091443
multicentre survey of the in-vitro activity of seven antimicrobial agents, including ertapenem, against recently isolated gram-negative anaerobic bacteria in greece.the in-vitro activities of penicillin, ticarcillin-clavulanic acid, cefoxitin, imipenem, ertapenem, metronidazole and clindamycin were evaluated against 138 gram-negative anaerobic isolates (82 bacteroides fragilis group, 17 non-fragilis bacteroides spp., 31 prevotella spp., four fusobacterium spp., two veillonella spp., one porphyromonas sp. and one tissierella praeacuta) collected from six general hospitals in athens, greece. overall rates of non-susceptibility (both resistant and intermediate ...200516153256
in vivo evaluation of the effect of essential oil-containing oral strips on salivary bacteria using the checkerboard method.the aim of this study was to evaluate the antimicrobial effect of essential oil-containing oral strips on different species of the oral microbiota.200516170974
a case of polymicrobial endocarditis caused by anaerobic organisms in an injection drug user.endocarditis is a serious complication of injection drug use most commonly caused by staphylococcus aureus. we report a case of tricuspid valve polymicrobial bacterial endocarditis in an injection drug user from 3 oral anaerobes: actinomyces odontolytica, veillonella species, and prevotella melaninogenica. the patient was believed to have acquired these organisms from his habit of licking the needle in order to gauge the strength of the cocaine prior to injection. the patient was successfully tr ...200516191149
microbial analysis of the autogenous bone collected by bone filter during oral surgery: a clinical study.the purposes of the study presented are to identify the microbial content of the collected bone debris and to determine the antibacterial efficiency of chlorhexidine mouth rinse in reducing the microbial content of the collected bone debris.200516243175
in vitro antimicrobial and resistance-modifying activities of aqueous crude khat extracts against oral microorganisms.to assess antimicrobial activities of aqueous crude khat (catha edulis) extracts against a panel of oral microorganisms and to test their ability to modify bacterial resistance to tetracycline and penicillin in vitro.200616248981
bad breath tied to tongue. 200516253884
defining the normal bacterial flora of the oral cavity.more than 700 bacterial species or phylotypes, of which over 50% have not been cultivated, have been detected in the oral cavity. our purposes were (i) to utilize culture-independent molecular techniques to extend our knowledge on the breadth of bacterial diversity in the healthy human oral cavity, including not-yet-cultivated bacteria species, and (ii) to determine the site and subject specificity of bacterial colonization. nine sites from five clinically healthy subjects were analyzed. sites i ...200516272510
epiglottitis and necrotizing fasciitis: a life-threatening complication of infectious mononucleosis.life-threatening cervical complications associated with infectious mononucleosis are rare. the combination of acute epiglottitis and subsequent necrotizing fasciitis of the head and neck in a patient with infectious mononucleosis has not been reported to date.a 47-year-old female with infectious mononucleosis and epiglottitis was admitted to hospital for i.v. therapy. owing to her poor clinical condition and the spread of the infection to the throat and superior mediastinum, as evidenced by ct, ...200516298800
dietary effects on the composition of fecal flora of rats.a long-term animal feeding experiment was conducted to compare the effect of meat and wayne laboratory chow diets on the composition of rat fecal flora. fecal bacteria were enumerated on selective media under both aerobic and anaerobic conditions. intrarectal administration of n-methyl-n' -nitro-n-nitro-soguanidine (mnng) affected the count only on the phenylethylalcohol and veillonella-neomycin agars, whereas a slightly higher number of anaerobes appeared in the feces of rats that were treated ...197716345222
changes in lactate-producing and lactate-utilizing bacteria in relation to ph in the rumen of sheep during stepwise adaptation to a high-concentrate diet.changes in the numbers and types of lactate-producing and lactate-utilizing bacteria in the rumen of sheep were followed during stepwise adaptation from a low- to a high-concentrate diet. the mean numbers of bacteria increased after each change in diet when increasing amounts of maize grain were substituted for maize stover. a surge in number of amylolytic bacteria always preceded an increase in lactate-utilizing bacteria, and with the final diet containing 71% grain and molasses the two groups ...197916345431
differences between single- and dual-species biofilms of streptococcus mutans and veillonella parvula in growth, acidogenicity and susceptibility to chlorhexidine.streptococcus mutans, considered a primary pathogen in dental caries, thrives in dental plaque, which is a multispecies biofilm. metabolic interactions between s. mutans and veillonella parvula have been suggested. in this study we developed a biofilm model to quantify single-species (s. mutans or v. parvula) and dual-species (s. mutans and v. parvula) biofilm formation, and we identified the differences between the respective biofilms in terms of growth, acid formation, and response to chlorhex ...200616460342
effect of khat chewing on 14 selected periodontal bacteria in sub- and supragingival plaque of a young male population.the habit of chewing khat (catha edulis) for its amphetamine-like effects is highly prevalent in yemen and east africa, and has expanded to western countries. the purpose of this study was to estimate and compare the prevalence and levels of 14 periodontal bacteria in gingival plaque of khat chewers and khat nonchewers, as well as of khat chewing sides and khat nonchewing sides.200515836514
antimicrobial susceptibility of anaerobic bacteria in new zealand: 1999-2003.routine susceptibility testing of all anaerobic organisms is not advocated, but it is useful for laboratories to test periodically for anaerobic organisms and provide local susceptibility data to guide therapy. this study reports the national trend of antibiotic susceptibility of clinically significant anaerobes in new zealand.200616507560
effect of calcium glycerophosphate on demineralization in an in vitro biofilm model.the aim was to investigate the anti-caries properties of calcium glycerophosphate (cagp) using an in vitro bacterial flow cell model. four flow cells, inoculated from a chemostat containing a seven-organism bacterial consortium, were pulsed with sucrose twice daily, to provide an acidic challenge and ph-cycling conditions. blocks of enamel and dentine were mounted in each flow cell. in a study on the effect of cagp concentration, cagp was pulsed into three of the flow cells, at the same time as ...200616508272
effects of streptococcus mutans gtfc deficiency on mixed oral biofilms in vitro.the aim of this study was to examine the influence of glucosyltransferase-gene-negative (gtf-) streptococcus mutans strains unable to synthesize water-insoluble or soluble glucan on the structure and macromolecular diffusion properties of in vitro grown mixed oral biofilms. biofilms modeling supragingival plaque consisted of actinomyces naeslundii omz 745, candida albicans omz 110, fusobacterium nucleatum kp-f2, streptococcus oralis sk 248, veillonella dispar atcc 17748t and one of the s. mutans ...200616508276
[anaerobic bacteria isolated from patients with suspected anaerobic infections].the study involved 394 clinical samples sent to the clinical microbiology laboratory of hacettepe university adult hospital between january 1997 and may 2004 for anaerobic cultivation. since multiple cultures from the same clinical samples of the same patient were excluded, the study was carried on 367 samples. the anaerobic cultures were performed in anaerobic jar using anaerogen kits (oxoid, basingstoke, u.k.) or genbox (biomérieux, lyon, france). the isolates were identified by both classical ...200516544546
effects of sonic energy on monospecific biofilms of cariogenic microorganisms.to evaluate the in vitro differential effect of sonic energy, delivered by sonicare advance, on cariogenic and non-cariogenic bacteria biofilms.200616555648
truncated glycolytic system in veillonella.rogosa, m., (national institutes of health, bethesda, md.), m. i. krichevsky, and f. s. bishop. truncated glycolytic system in veillonella. j. bacteriol. 90:164-171. 1965.-intact veillonella cells do not utilize carbohydrates for growth, nor are carbohydrates fermented. in cell extracts, there is no detectable glucokinase or fructokinase. cell extracts do not degrade glucose or fructose unless supplemented with yeast hexokinase. under these conditions, triose phosphates are formed in the presenc ...196516562014
the genus veillonella iv. serological groupings, and genus and species emendations.rogosa, m. (national institute of dental research, bethesda, md.). the genus veillonella. iv. serological groupings, and genus and species emendations. j. bacteriol. 90:704-709. 1965.-seven serological groups of veillonella were found. the generic and species descriptions are enlarged and corrected. the type species is veillonella parvula (veillon and zuber) prévot, 1933. the proposed species, subspecies (infraspecific serogroups), and american type culture collection (atcc) type strains are: ve ...196516562069
identification of oral bacteria associated with crevicular epithelial cells from chronic periodontitis lesions.bacterial invasion of host epithelial cells plays an important role in the pathogenesis of periodontal diseases; however, the interactions between subgingival species and the gingival crevice cells are not fully understood. this study determined the prevalence of a group of oral bacterial species on or in epithelial cells derived from periodontal pockets and the gingival crevice of subjects with periodontitis. samples of epithelial cells were obtained from 120 sites with periodontal pockets > or ...200616585650
molecular characterization of subject-specific oral microflora during initial colonization of enamel.the initial microbial colonization of tooth surfaces is a repeatable and selective process, with certain bacterial species predominating in the nascent biofilm. characterization of the initial microflora is the first step in understanding interactions among community members that shape ensuing biofilm development. using molecular methods and a retrievable enamel chip model, we characterized the microbial diversity of early dental biofilms in three subjects. a total of 531 16s rrna gene sequences ...200616597990
in vitro activity of ramoplanin and comparator drugs against anaerobic intestinal bacteria from the perspective of potential utility in pathology involving bowel flora.susceptibility of intestinal bacteria to various antimicrobial agents in vitro, together with levels of those agents achieved in the gut, provides information on the likely impact of the agents on the intestinal flora. orally administered drugs that are poorly absorbed may be useful for treatment of intestinal infections and for certain other situations in which intestinal bacteria may play a role. the antimicrobial activity of ramoplanin (mdl 62,198) against 928 strains of intestinal anaerobic ...200416701520
rapid succession within the veillonella population of a developing human oral biofilm in situ.streptococci are the primary component of the multispecies oral biofilm known as supragingival dental plaque; they grow by fermentation of sugars to organic acids, e.g., lactic acid. veillonellae, a ubiquitous component of early plaque, are unable to use sugars; they ferment organic acids, such as lactate, to a mixture of shorter-chain-length acids, co(2), and hydrogen. certain veillonellae bind to (coaggregate with) streptococci in vitro. we show that, between 4 and 8 hours into plaque developm ...200616707703
microarrays complement culture methods for identification of bacteria in endodontic infections.the aim of this study was to investigate the microbial composition of necrotic root canals using culture methods and microarray technology. twenty uniradicular teeth with radiographic evidence of periapical bone loss and with no previous endodontic treatment were selected for this study. for molecular diagnosis a dna chip with 20 different species-specific, 16s-rdna-directed catcher probes was used. the microorganisms most frequently detected by the dna chip were: micromonas micros, fusobacteriu ...200515943771
sepsis caused by veillonella parvula infection in a 17-year-old patient with x-linked agammaglobulinemia (bruton's disease).a case of a male, 17-year-old, x-linked agammaglobulinemia patient with bacteremia caused by veillonella parvula, without a defined primary site of infection, is presented. the report demonstrates that v. parvula should not be regarded as a nonpathogenic microorganism, at least not in patients with certain forms of immunodeficiency disease.200616825407
potential role of veillonella spp. as a reservoir of transferable tetracycline resistance in the oral cavity.twelve out of 96 veillonella spp. isolated from oral samples harbored tetracycline resistance genes. the most common resistance gene was tet(m). a tet(m)-positive veillonella dispar strain was shown to transfer a tn916-like element to four streptococcus spp. by conjugation at a frequency of 5.2 x 10(-6) to 4.5 x 10(-5) per recipient.200616870789
does mechanical pressure force bacteria into the dentinal tubules of carious and non-carious teeth--an exploratory study.although many researchers have confirmed bacterial migration within dentine, no evidence was found to show whether bacteria can be easily forced into dentine during caries treatment.200515974430
resistance of veillonella to hydrosoluble pristinamycins: a possible outer membrane barrier effect.an in vitro study on 25 veillonella strains showed a consistent clindamycin susceptibility with resistance to erythromycin and to the hydrosoluble pristinamycins, quinupristin and dalfopristin and its 30:70 combination, the synergistin rp59500. double erythromycin-clindamycin disk tests did not show any inducible resistance pattern. the addition of 10 or 50 mug/ml of polymyxin b nonapeptide, an outer membrane permeabilizing agent, consistently reduced quinupristin and dalfopristin mics in most s ...199516887512
antibacterial activity of the metabolic by-products of a veillonella species and bacteroides fragilis.a veillonella species and bacteroides fragilis were isolated from the cecal contents of adult chickens. when growth on an agar medium supplemented with 0.4% glucose and adjusted to ph 6.5, mixed cultures containing veillonella and b. fragilis inhibited the growth of salmonella typhimurium; salmonella enteritidis, escherichia coli 0157:h7 and pseudomonas aeruginosa. decreasing the glucose concentration of the agar decreased the inhibitory activity of the mixed culture. mixed cultures grown on aga ...199516887516
production and characterization of monoclonal antibodies to a veillonella species from a continuous-flow culture system of chicken cecal bacteria.administering native intestinal flora to newly hatched chicks protects against cecal salmonella colonization, and is known as competitive exclusion. continuous-flow culture systems have been used to maintain defined competitive exclusion cultures. we have recently demonstrated that such a stable continuous-flow culture, cf3, contains 29 bacterial strains representing ten genera. broiler chicks treated with cf3 are protected against salmonella colonization of the ceca. such protection is correlat ...199716887559
peptidases of the rumen bacterium, prevotella ruminicola.prevotella (formerly bacteroides) ruminicola is a numerous rumen bacterium which plays a significant role in the metabolism of proteins and peptides in the rumen. measurement of the hydrolysis of synthetic aminopeptidase substrates by sonicated extracts and whole cells of different species of rumen bacteria indicated that p. ruminicola had the greatest range and specific activity of dipeptidyl peptidases among the species tested. streptococcus bovis hydrolysed some dipeptidyl peptidase substrate ...199716887560
comparison of batch culture growth and fermentation of a poultry veillonella isolate and selected veillonella species grown in a defined medium.the objective of this study was to develop a defined medium for quantitating nutritional requirements and fermentation products of a poultry cecal isolate of veillonella and to compare these parameters with representative veillonella species. the poultry isolate is one of 29 organisms from a continuous-flow culture that has been shown to be effective against salmonella colonization in broilers. when the veillonella species were grown in anaerobic batch culture, propionate and acetate were the on ...199716887614
anaerobic bacteria cultured from the tongue dorsum of subjects with oral malodor.the bacteria on the dorsum of the tongue are the most frequent cause of oral malodor; however, the bacterial flora of the tongue has not been well defined. although recent studies have used dna probes to detect the presence of certain periodontal pathogens, cultural studies have been limited because of the complexity of the flora of the tongue dorsum. the purpose of this study was to grow and to identify maximum numbers of capnophylic gram-negative bacilli and anaerobic micro-organisms by cultur ...200316887710
culture-independent detection of eikenella corrodens and veillonella parvula in primary endodontic infections.eikenella corrodens and veillonella parvula are normal cultivable inhabitants of the oral cavity but their presence in endodontic infections has not been as common as it could be anticipated. this might have been because of shortcomings of culture techniques when it comes to bacterial isolation or identification. the present study intended to survey samples from primary endodontic infections for the presence of e. corrodens and v. parvula using a culture-independent 16s rrna gene-based nested pc ...200616728238
microbiota of the dorsum of the tongue after plaque accumulation: an experimental study in humans.the purpose of the present investigation was to determine the effect of the absence of tongue hygiene on the microbiota of the dorsum of the tongue.200616945032
analysis of the periodontal microbiota in childhood-type hypophosphatasia.seven patients with childhood-type hypophosphatasia and healthy control subjects were analysed for microbiological and clinical evidence of periodontitis. the bacterial composition of the subgingival plaque was analysed by 16s rrna gene cloning and sequencing, dna-dna hybridisation with specific probes, and specific pcr. with the exception of the genus veillonella and the species eikenella corrodens, no differences between the cohorts in the composition of bacterial orders, families, genera, and ...200616875876
molecular analysis of bacteria in asymptomatic and symptomatic endodontic infections.the purpose of the present study was to use terminal restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis and the 16s rrna gene clone library to investigate the diversity of the microbiota associated with asymptomatic and symptomatic endodontic infections and to compare the bacterial community structure in these two clinical conditions. samples were taken from asymptomatic endodontic infections associated with chronic periradicular lesions and from symptomatic infections clinically diagnosed as acu ...200616476021
the antimicrobial effect of a triclosan/copolymer dentifrice on oral microorganisms in vivo.the authors compared the in vivo antimicrobial effects on microorganisms from dental plaque, saliva and the tongue in subjects who used a triclosan/copolymer dentifrice and a fluoride dentifrice (control).200617012720
changes in periodontal health status are associated with bacterial community shifts as assessed by quantitative 16s cloning and sequencing.the gingival sulcus contains a complex ecosystem that includes many uncultivated bacteria. understanding the dynamics of this ecosystem in transitions between health and disease is important in advancing our understanding of the bacterial etiology of periodontitis. the objective of this longitudinal study was to examine the stability of bacterial colonization in the gingival crevice and to explore the relationship between shifts in microbial composition and changes in periodontal health status u ...200617021095
bacterial contamination of filtered intraoral bone chips.intraoral bony defects can be filled with bony particles that are collected in a titanium filter. the aim of this study was to determine quantitatively and qualitatively the degree of this contamination. over a period of 3 months, bony particles were collected from 50 patients undergoing oral surgery. the bony particles were scraped off the filter, resuspended, and incubated aerobically and anaerobically on human blood agar media. colony forming units (cfu) were determined as well as the most co ...200617052892
bacterial diversity in the human saliva from different ages.to obtain primary idea on oral bacterium species that are generally present in periodotally healthy koreans, the oral bacterial flora in the saliva of four periodontally healthy koreans at different ages (5, 32, 35, 65) was investigated in this study. for this investigation, 16srrna gene clone libraries were generated from the saliva of the four healthy koreans, and 50 clones were randomly selected from each saliva clone library and sequenced. totally, 37 different kinds of bacterial 16s rrna ge ...200617082753
veillonella parvula discitis and secondary bacteremia: a rare infection complicating endoscopy and colonoscopy?we report a case of veillonella parvula lumbar discitis and secondary bacteremia confirmed by molecular characterization of the 16s rrna genes. identification of the organism was essential for an appropriate choice of antimicrobial therapy following the failure of empirical flucloxacillin. veillonella spp. are normal flora of the gastrointestinal tract, raising the possibility that an endoscopy and colonoscopy performed 8 weeks prior to presentation, during which small intestinal and rectal biop ...200717108070
use of quantum dot luminescent probes to achieve single-cell resolution of human oral bacteria in biofilms.oral biofilms are multispecies communities, and in their nascent stages of development, numerous bacterial species engage in interspecies interactions. better insight into the spatial relationship between different species and how species diversity increases over time can guide our understanding of the role of interspecies interactions in the development of the biofilms. quantum dots (qd) are semiconductor nanocrystals and have emerged as a promising tool for labeling and detection of bacteria. ...200717114321
microbiology of intracranial abscesses associated with sinusitis of odontogenic origin.the unique microbiology of sinusitis of dental origin that is associated with intracranial abscesses (ias) and the correlation between the organisms at the two sites has not been reported before. this report describes the author's experience during a 30-year period in studying the microbiology of 8 ias and their corresponding sinusitis of dental origin.200617214267
interleukin-1alpha stimulation in monocytes by periodontal bacteria: antagonistic effects of porphyromonas gingivalis.periodontal pathogenic bacteria are associated with elevated levels of interleukin-1alpha (il-1alpha) but it is unclear if all species can induce cytokine production equally. porphyromonas gingivalis may be able antagonize il-1alpha induced by other species through the activity of its proteases or lipopolysaccharide (lps). monomac-6 cells and primary human monocytes were treated with culture supernatants from porphyromonas gingivalis, fusobacterium nucleatum, campylobacter rectus, actinobacillus ...200717241171
efficacy of gasiform ozone and photodynamic therapy on a multispecies oral biofilm in vitro.ozone gas and photodynamic therapy (pdt) have been claimed to be antimicrobially effective. this study assessed their antimicrobial potential in vitro. mature six-species oral biofilms were treated as follows (n = 9 per group): (i) a 60-s application of gasiform vacuum-ozone or vacuum alone (on wet or air-dried biofilm samples); (ii) pdt (i.e. methylene blue in combination with or without a diode soft laser, and a soft laser alone); or (iii) antimicrobial solutions: immersion of biofilms for 60 ...200717305720
subgingival plaque microbiota in hiv positive patients.to describe and compare the predominant bacterial and fungal species associated with gingivitis, periodontitis, and linear gingival erythema (lge), in hiv positive subjects with different immune status.200717309593
digestive tract microbiota in healthy volunteers.the aim of this study was to standardize the methods of sample collection of mucus from the digestive tract and to determine the microbiota in healthy volunteers from brazil, collecting samples from the mouth, esophagus, stomach, duodenum, jejunum, ileum, colon, and rectum.200717334549
quantitative analysis of the intestinal bacterial community in one- to three-week-old commercially reared broiler chickens fed conventional or antibiotic-free vegetable-based diets.to explore the effect of drug-free poultry production on the intestinal microflora of broiler chickens, the bacterial community of this environment was quantitatively profiled in both conventionally reared birds and birds reared without antibiotic growth promotants (agps) on a vegetable-based diet.200717381758
microstructural differences between single-species and dual-species biofilms of streptococcus mutans and veillonella parvula, before and after exposure to chlorhexidine.dual-species biofilms of streptococcus mutans and veillonella parvula are less susceptible to antimicrobials than single-species biofilms of the same microorganisms. the microstructure of single and dual-species biofilms of s. mutans and/or v. parvula was visualized to find out whether the spatial arrangement of bacteria in biofilms is related to survival strategies against antimicrobials. biofilms were grown in glass-bottomed 96-well microtiter plates and exposed to chlorhexidine at 48 h. fluor ...200717403046
microbiological and immunological study of staphylococcus vaccine effects in periodontitis.the aim of this study was to evaluate the immunomodulatory effect of the staphylococcal vaccine inoculated subcutaneously in 15 patients with chronic periodontitis. bacteriological investigation of samples collected from the periodontal pocket for aerobic and anaerobic microorganisms was performed by classic bacteriological procedures before and after vaccination. the following immune system parameters were evaluated: c reactive protein (crp), serum level of c3 complement fraction, igg, iga, and ...200517405309
the in vivo dynamics of streptococcus spp., actinomyces naeslundii, fusobacterium nucleatum and veillonella spp. in dental plaque biofilm as analysed by five-colour multiplex fluorescence in situ hybridization.the formation and composition of dental plaque biofilm in vivo are important factors which influence the development of gingivitis, caries and periodontitis. studying dental plaque biofilm in in vitro models can cause an oversimplification of the real conditions in the oral cavity. in this study, bovine enamel slabs were fixed in an individual acrylic appliance in situ to quantify dental plaque formation and composition using multiplex fluorescence in situ hybridization (fish) and confocal laser ...200717446294
bacterial composition in the supragingival plaques of children with and without dental caries.the purpose of the present investigation was to determine if the supragingival bacterial composition plaques in children with caries would differ from those found in caries-free controls.200617458088
microorganisms in root carious lesions in adults.root caries is emerging as a significant problem in the middle aged and elderly subjects because of the improving general health conditions, and medical and technological advances. the purpose of this investigation was to assess the prevalence of aerobic and anaerobic bacteria as well as yeasts of candida genus in root carious lesions in middle-aged and older adults.200617460839
in vitro antimicrobial activity of propolis samples from different geographical origins against certain oral pathogens.propolis is an agent having antimicrobial properties, however, its composition can vary depending on the area where it is collected. in the present study, the antimicrobial activity of five propolis samples, collected from four different regions in turkey and from brazil, against nine anaerobic strains was evaluated. ethanol extracts of propolis (eep) were prepared from propolis samples and we determined minimum inhibitory concentrations (mic) and minimum bactericidal concentrations (mbc) of eep ...200717475517
activation of toll-like receptors 2 and 4 by gram-negative periodontal bacteria.periodontitis is a chronic infectious disease associated with a gram-negative subgingival microflora. bacterial components stimulate, among other receptors, toll-like receptor (tlr) 2 and/or tlr4. accumulating evidence indicates that both qualitatively and quantitatively distinct immune responses result from the triggering of tlr2 as compared to tlr4 triggering. the aim was to study the interaction of porphyromonas gingivalis, actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans, tannerella forsythensis, prevot ...200717488439
bacterial colonization immediately after installation on oral titanium implants.information on bacterial colonization immediately after dental implant insertion is limited.200717501978
odontogenic bacteria in periodontal disease and resistance patterns to common antibiotics used as treatment and prophylaxis in odontology in spain.resistance in streptococci or gram-negative bacteria is associated with antibiotic consumption. scarce information exists on the antibiotic susceptibility of bacterial isolates from patients with periodontitis in countries with high antibiotic consumption, as this is an area in which microbiological testing is not performed in daily practice. the present study was undertaken to explore the susceptibility of bacterial isolates in periodontitis to antibiotics prescribed in odontology in spain as t ...200717530037
effect of an essential oil-containing antimicrobial mouthrinse on specific plaque bacteria in vivo.this study was conducted to investigate the effect of rinsing with an essential oil-containing mouthrinse on levels of specific supra and subgingival bacteria in subjects with gingivitis.200717535287
a novel tem contrasting technique for extracellular polysaccharides in in vitro biofilms.in the past, the visualization of the extracellular matrix of biofilms on an ultrastructural level was hampered by shrinkage artifacts. in addition, the reproducible contrasting of extracellular polysaccharides (eps) has not satisfactorily been solved. here we describe a method overcoming these difficulties, which produces artifact-free transmission electron microscopic (tem) images using multispecies biofilms grown in vitro. sufficient contrast was achieved by replacing schiff's reagent with th ...200717557287
microbiological assessment of occlusal brown-spot lesions in primary molars.conventional cultural methods were used to compare the plaque flora and the level of infection of the dentine underlying 51 occlusal brown-spot lesions and 21 sound occlusal sites on the primary dentition. freshly extracted primary molar teeth were used, and occlusal brown-spot lesions and sound occlusal sites were identified using laser fluorescence (lf) and clinical visual methods. a standardized plaque sample was taken from each site, and an lf score was recorded for one discrete site per too ...200616946608
targeted profiling of oral bacteria in human saliva and in vitro biofilms with quantitative real-time pcr.an in vitro plaque model based on the use of human salivary bacteria and tooth-like surfaces was previously developed for studying the formation of oral biofilm and its use for pre-clinical testing of candidate antimicrobial or antiplaque agents. in this study, a quantitative taqman pcr assay (qpcr) was developed to compare the bacterial compositions of in vitro biofilms to parent saliva samples, and to determine the relative contributions of different species in the formation of the oral biofil ...200717653931
a novel sampling method for the investigation of gut mirobiota.in order to characterize the qualitative and quantitative microorganisms in different sites of the lower digestive tract (ldt) in healthy volunteers, a specific technique was developed for collecting mucous of the distal ileum, colon and rectum.200717663516
susceptibility of various oral bacteria to antimicrobial peptides and to phagocytosis by neutrophils.the aim of this study was to compare the susceptibility of nonperiodontopathic and periodontopathic bacteria to major defense mechanisms for bacterial clearance in gingival sulcus.200717760818
evaluation of the microbiota of primary endodontic infections using checkerboard dna-dna hybridization.the aim of this study was to evaluate the composition of the microbiota of primary endodontic infections in 111 selected cases of single-rooted teeth with necrotic pulp.200717949342
improved accuracy in terminal restriction fragment length polymorphism phylogenetic analysis using a novel internal size standard definition.terminal restriction fragment length polymorphism (t-rflp) analysis is commonly used to analyze microbial communities, including oral microflora. however, accurate identification of terminal restriction fragment (t-rf) origins is prevented by unpredictable errors in sizing, thus necessitating the clone library analysis. to minimize sizing errors, we proposed optimizing the size definition of internal standards.200717949346
reduction of vitamin k concentration by salivary bifidobacterium strains and their possible nutritional competition with porphyromonas gingivalis.to assess the possibility that bifidobacteria compete with porphyromonas gingivalis for their mutual growth factor vitamin k. this study also examined whether salivary bifidobacterium species decrease vitamin k concentration in the growth medium.200717953607
innate immune responses of gingival epithelial cells to nonperiodontopathic and periodontopathic bacteria.we have previously reported different susceptibilities of periodontopathic and nonperiodontopathic bacteria to antimicrobial peptides and phagocytosis by neutrophils. differences between the two groups of bacteria may exist also in their ability to induce immune responses from the host. therefore, we evaluated the effects of various oral bacteria on innate immune responses by gingival epithelial cells.200717956462
association between the presence of bacterial 16s rna in prostate specimens taken during transurethral resection of prostate and subsequent risk of prostate cancer (sweden).to study bacterial 16s rna in archival prostate samples from 352 patients with benign prostate hyperplasia (bph) and evaluate whether the presence of bacterial dna was different in those who later developed prostate cancer (n = 171) and in the matched controls that did not progress to cancer (n = 181).200617006718
veillonella denticariosi sp. nov., isolated from human carious dentine.selective culture of human carious dentine for veillonella strains resulted in the isolation of two strains of a gram-negative, coccus-shaped bacterium that has not been described previously. comparative 16s rrna and dnak gene sequence analysis indicated that the two strains were homogeneous and comprised a distinct lineage within the genus veillonella, phylogenetically most closely related to veillonella rodentium. this was supported by dna-dna hybridization, which showed clearly that the two s ...200718048736
effect of rinsing with an essential oil-containing mouthrinse on subgingival periodontopathogens.studies have shown that the nature and amount of supragingival plaque can influence the composition of the contiguous subgingival flora. the purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of rinsing with an essential oil antimicrobial mouthrinse on levels of representative subgingival bacteria in subjects with mild to moderate periodontitis.200718062115
bacteria of dental caries in primary and permanent teeth in children and young adults.although streptococcus mutans has been implicated as a major etiological agent of dental caries, our cross-sectional preliminary study indicated that 10% of subjects with rampant caries in permanent teeth do not have detectable levels of s. mutans. our aims were to use molecular methods to detect all bacterial species associated with caries in primary and permanent teeth and to determine the bacterial profiles associated with different disease states. plaque was collected from 39 healthy control ...200818216213
detection of anaerobic bacteria in high numbers in sputum from patients with cystic fibrosis.pulmonary infection in cystic fibrosis (cf) is polymicrobial and it is possible that anaerobic bacteria, not detected by routine aerobic culture methods, reside within infected anaerobic airway mucus.200818263800
[effects of garlic on oral bacteriostasis and root detoxification].to evaluate the pharmacologic effect of garlic on oral bacteriostasis and root detoxification.200718278414
diversity of veillonella spp. from sound and carious sites in children.detailed data on the distribution of veillonella in caries-free and caries-active subjects are scarce. we hypothesized that the diversity of the genus would be lower in caries lesions than in plaque from caries-free individuals. the proportions of veillonella were not significantly different in the two groups. all isolates (n = 1308) were genotyped by rep-pcr, and different genotypes (n = 170) were identified by 16s rrna, dnak, and rpob sequencing. v. parvula, v. dispar, and v. atypica were in b ...200818296614
interactions between salivary bifidobacterium adolescentis and other oral bacteria: in vitro coaggregation and coadhesion assays.coaggregation assays were performed to investigate interactions between oral bifidobacterium adolescentis and other oral bacterial species. bifidobacterium adolescentis olb6410 isolated from the saliva of healthy humans did not coaggregate with actinomyces naeslundii jcm8350, streptococcus mitis ols3293, streptococcus sanguinis jcm5708, veillonella parvula atcc17745 or porphyromonas gingivalis ob7124, but it did coaggregate with fusobacterium nucleatum jcm8532. subsequent examination of biofilm ...200818312575
veillonella rogosae sp. nov., an anaerobic, gram-negative coccus isolated from dental plaque.strains of a novel anaerobic, gram-negative coccus were isolated from the supra-gingival plaque of children. independent strains from each of six subjects were shown, at a phenotypic level and based on 16s rrna gene sequencing, to be members of the genus veillonella. analysis revealed that the six strains shared 99.7 % similarity in their 16s rrna gene sequences and 99.0 % similarity in their rpob gene sequences. the six novel strains formed a distinct group and could be clearly separated from r ...200818319459
molecular identification of bacteria on the tongue dorsum of subjects with and without halitosis.compare the microbial profiles on the tongue dorsum in patients with halitosis and control subjects in a uk population using culture-independent techniques.200818336372
salivary microbiota of hiv-positive children and its correlation with hiv status, oral diseases, and total secretory iga.this study aimed to investigate the prevalence and levels of salivary microorganisms in hiv-positive children, and their correlation to hiv status, oral lesions, and salivary iga levels.200818384349
association of eubacterium nodatum and treponema denticola with human periodontitis lesions.the purpose of the present investigation was to compare the levels, proportions and percentage of sites colonized by 40 bacterial species in subgingival plaque samples from periodontally healthy subjects and patients with chronic periodontitis to seek possible pathogens other than the consensus pathogens porphyromonas gingivalis and tannerella forsythia.200616922925
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