Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year(sorted descending) Filter | PMID Filter |
|---|
| diagnosis of neospora caninum in bovine fetuses by histology, immunohistochemistry, and nested-pcr. | neospora caninum, a cause of abortion and stillbirth in cattle, was studied by histology, immunohistochemistry, and nested-pcr, using primers from the nc5 region of the genomic dna (pcr plus) and primers from the its1 region of the ribosomal dna (pcr jb). a total of 105 fetal samples sent to the centro de pesquisa e desenvolvimento de sanidade animal do instituto biológico from january 2006 to may 2008 were examined for evidence of n. caninum. histological examination revealed 71.4% with non-sup ... | 2009 | 20040203 |
| histopathological and clinical investigations in neospora caninum experimentally infected broiler chicken embryonated eggs. | to date, despite the limited information about the role of birds in neospora caninum infection, there are no reports regarding the role of broiler chickens. in the present study, an experimental infection with n. caninum nc-1 isolate was conducted in embryonated eggs from 70 lohman broiler chickens randomly divided into seven equal groups. at 8 days of incubation, six groups were inoculated via chorioallantoic (ca) liquid with different dilutions (10, 10(2), 10(3), 10(4), 10(5), and 10(6)) of ta ... | 2009 | 19854577 |
| [preliminary application of pcr-based assay for the detection of neospora caninum in bovine aborted fetus]. | to establish a pcr diagnostic method based on nc-5 gene of neospora caninum, for being used to detect neospora in brain tissues of bovine aborted fetus. | 2009 | 19856504 |
| a serological survey of infectious disease in yellowstone national park's canid community. | gray wolves (canis lupus) were reintroduced into yellowstone national park (ynp) after a >70 year absence, and as part of recovery efforts, the population has been closely monitored. in 1999 and 2005, pup survival was significantly reduced, suggestive of disease outbreaks. | 2009 | 19756151 |
| failure of a vaccine using immunogenic recombinant proteins rncsag4 and rncgra7 against neosporosis in mice. | the development of an effective vaccine against neospora caninum infection in cattle is an important issue due to the significant economic impact of this parasitic disease worldwide. in this work, the immune response, safety and efficacy of different vaccine formulations using the n. caninum recombinant proteins rncsag4 (the first bradyzoite-specific protein assayed as a vaccine) and rncgra7 were evaluated in mouse models. the survival curves of pups from all vaccinated groups showed a slight de ... | 2009 | 19782735 |
| genetic diversity amongst isolates of neospora caninum, and the development of a multiplex assay for the detection of distinct strains. | infection with neospora caninum is regarded as a significant cause of abortion in cattle. despite the economic impact of this infection, relatively little is known about the biology of this parasite. in this study, mini and microsatellite dnas were detected in the genome of n. caninum and eight loci were identified that each contained repetitive dna which was polymorphic among different isolates of this parasite. a multiplex pcr assay was developed for the detection of genetic variation within n ... | 2009 | 19496247 |
| disease threats to the endangered iberian lynx (lynx pardinus). | the iberian lynx, (lynx pardinus), is the most endangered felid in the world. to determine whether sympatric carnivores are reservoirs of pathogens posing a disease risk for the lynx, evidence of exposure to 17 viral, bacterial and protozoan agents was investigated in 176 carnivores comprising 26 free-living lynx, 53 domestic cats, 28 dogs, 33 red foxes (vulpes vulpes), 24 egyptian mongooses (herpestes ichneumon), 10 common genets (genetta genetta) and 2 eurasian badgers (meles meles) in the are ... | 2009 | 18555712 |
| canine and bovine neospora caninum control sera examined for cross-reactivity using neospora caninum and neospora hughesi indirect fluorescent antibody tests. | neospora caninum is a well known protozoan parasite of domestic and wild animals. neospora hughesi is a closely related protozoan with an unknown life cycle, host range, and infection prevalence. many serologic surveys of n. caninum have been performed without consideration of potential cross-reactions with n. hughesi, which could confound results. the aim of this study was to investigate whether postexposure sera from animals experimentally infected with n. caninum exhibit significant reactivit ... | 2009 | 18613752 |
| risk factors associated with mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis seropositivity in canadian dairy cows and herds. | our objective was to determine the risk factors associated with the seroprevalence of mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis (map) in a large number of randomly selected canadian dairy herds, controlling for important confounding variables and co-infections with bovine leukemia virus (blv), bovine viral diarrhea virus (bvdv) and neospora caninum (nc). serum samples from 30 randomly selected cows, where available, in 315 herds from seven provinces were tested for antibodies against blv, ... | 2009 | 18692926 |
| neospora caninum: detection in wild rabbits and investigation of co-infection with toxoplasma gondii by pcr analysis. | neospora caninum is an important pathogen of cattle causing significant economic loss. there is much current interest in wild animal reservoirs for this parasite. the role of the rabbit in this is currently unknown. dna samples from the brains of wild rabbits (oryctolagus cuniculus) collected from the malham area of the yorkshire dales were investigated by species-specific pcr for the presence of n. caninum and toxoplasma gondii. we found prevalences of n. caninum of 10.5% (6/57) and t. gondii o ... | 2008 | 18703054 |
| seroepidemiological study of neospora caninum infection in dogs found in dairy farms and urban areas of aguascalientes, mexico. | the objective of this study was to describe the seroepidemiology of neospora caninum infection in dogs in close contact with dairy cattle and dogs from urban areas of aguascalientes, mexico, as well as to estimate the possible association between age, gender and size of these groups and seroprevalence. sera were obtained from samples of 152 dogs in dairy farms and 116 in the urban area, and were subjected to elisa test. general seroprevalence reached 32%, while the seroprevalence in farm dogs (4 ... | 2008 | 18722716 |
| occurrence of antibodies to neospora caninum and toxoplasma gondii in dogs from pernambuco, northeast brazil. | a serological survey was carried out to assess the occurrence of anti-neospora caninum antibodies in dogs from the state of pernambuco. a total of 625 serum samples of dogs (289 from paulista, 168 from amaraji and 168 from garanhuns) were tested by an immunofluorescence antibody assay for the detection of anti-n. caninum antibodies. a total of 177 (28.3%; ic 95%, 24.9-32.1) samples were positive. the seropositivity rates found in paulista, amaraji and garanhuns were 26% (ic 95%, 21-31.4), 26.2% ... | 2008 | 18723288 |
| chickens (gallus domesticus) are natural intermediate hosts of neospora caninum. | neospora caninum naturally infects many mammal species, but has not previously been demonstrated in birds. we examined sera for n. caninum antibodies from 200 outdoor chickens and from 200 chickens confined indoors in the state of bahia, brazil. seroprevalence was greater in outdoor chickens (23.5% versus 1.5%, p<0.001). pcr testing for n. caninum was positive in six of 10 seropositive chickens. amplicons from two of these were sequenced and had 97-98% nucleotide identity with n. caninum. this f ... | 2008 | 18054356 |
| diagnosis of sarcocystis cruzi, neospora caninum, and toxoplasma gondii infections in cattle. | the aim of the study was to diagnose sarcocystis sp. infections in cattle and to detect coinfections by toxoplasma gondii and/or neospora caninum. blood, diaphragm, esophagus, and myocardium from 90 beef cattle from argentina were collected. histopathological, immunohistochemical, polymerase chain reaction assays, and direct microscopical examination were carried out. sarcocysts from myocardium were measured and counted. indirect fluorescent antibody test (ifat) for the three protozoans was perf ... | 2008 | 18066600 |
| development of a rapid immunochromatographic test for simultaneous serodiagnosis of bovine babesioses caused by babesia bovis and babesia bigemina. | with the objective of developing a simpler diagnostic alternative, a rapid immunochromatographic test (boiict) was constructed for the simultaneous detection of babesia bovis- and babesia bigemina-specific antibodies using b. bovis recombinant merozoite surface antigen-2c and b. bigemina recombinant rhoptry-associated protein-1. the boiict selectively detected specific antibodies to b. bovis and b. bigemina. all sera from cattle infected with other protozoan parasites (i.e., cryptosporidium parv ... | 2008 | 18187794 |
| the differentiation of transcription between tachyzoites and bradyzoites of in vitro cultured neospora caninum. | interconversion between tachyzoites and bradyzoites of neospora caninum plays a pivotal role in transmission of the parasite. although significant efforts have been made toward understanding the mechanisms that trigger and control stage conversion of the parasite, little is known about this process. we used annealing control primer (acp)-based polymerase chain reaction (pcr) technique to characterize the differences in transcription between tachyzoites and bradyzoites of n. caninum. the in vitro ... | 2008 | 18618147 |
| sarcocystis neurona: molecular characterization of enolase domain i region and a comparison to other protozoa. | sarcocystis neurona causes protozoal myeloencephalitis and has the ability to infect a wide host range in contrast to other sarcocystis species. in the current study, five s. neurona isolates from a variety of sources, three sarcocystis falcatula, one sarcocystis dasypi/s. neurona-like isolate, and one besnoitia darlingi isolate were used to compare the enolase 2 gene segment containing the domain i region to previously sequenced enolase genes from neospora caninum, neospora hughesi, toxoplasma ... | 2008 | 18625501 |
| seroprevalence of neospora caninum and toxoplasma gondii in black-tailed deer (odocoileus hemionus columbianus) and mule deer (odocoileus hemionus hemionus). | deer are considered important intermediate hosts for the coccidian parasites, toxoplasma gondii and neospora caninum. antibodies to n. caninum and t. gondii were determined in sera of 42 mule deer (odocoileus hemionus hemionus) and 43 black-tailed deer (odocoileus hemionus columbianus) from washington state, usa, using direct agglutination test with specific antigens. a titer of 1:25 was considered diagnostic for both parasites. n. caninum antibodies were found in 7 of 42 mule deer and 8 of 43 b ... | 2008 | 18650016 |
| toxoplasma rhoptries: unique secretory organelles and source of promising vaccine proteins for immunoprevention of toxoplasmosis. | toxoplasma gondii is an obligate intracellular protozoan parasite classified in the phylum apicomplexa, which includes numerous notable human and animal pathogens (plasmodium species, cryptosporidium species, neospora caninum, etc.). the invasive stages of apicomplexans are characterized by the presence of an apical complex composed of specialized cytoskeletal and secretory organelles, including rhoptries. rhoptries, unique apical secretory organelles shared exclusively by all apicomplexan paras ... | 2008 | 18670609 |
| toxoplasma gondii rhoptry discharge correlates with activation of the early growth response 2 host cell transcription factor. | toxoplasma gondii is a ubiquitous apicomplexan parasite that can cause severe disease in fetuses and immune-compromised patients. rhoptries, micronemes, and dense granules, which are secretory organelles unique to toxoplasma and other apicomplexan parasites, play critical roles in parasite growth and virulence. to understand how these organelles modulate infected host cells, we sought to identify host cell transcription factors triggered by their release. early growth response 2 (egr2) is a host ... | 2008 | 18678671 |
| generation and infection of bovine pbmc-derived dendritic cells with neospora caninum. | 2008 | 18683066 | |
| the role of neospora caninum and toxoplasma gondii in spontaneous bovine abortion in argentina. | the aim of the present work was to evaluate the role of neospora caninum and toxoplasma gondii infections in spontaneous bovine abortions in argentina. based on histopathological results, 70 presumptive cases of apicomplexan protozoal abortion from a total of 666 cases of spontaneous bovine abortion submitted to the national institute of agrarian technology, balcarce, from 1999 to 2007 were included in this study. n. caninum infection was diagnosed by an indirect fluorescent antibody test (ifat) ... | 2008 | 18691819 |
| neospora caninum antibodies in wild carnivores from spain. | serum samples from 251 wild carnivores from different regions of spain were tested for antibodies to neospora caninum by the commercial competitive screening enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (c-elisa) and confirmed by neospora agglutination test (nat) and/or by indirect fluorescent antibody test (ifat). samples with antibodies detected by at least two serological tests were considered seropositive. antibodies to n. caninum were found in 3.2% of 95 red foxes (vulpes vulpes); in 21.4% of 28 wolve ... | 2008 | 18556128 |
| serological survey of toxoplasma gondii in wild waterfowl in chukotka, kamchatka, russia and hokkaido, japan. | antibodies to toxoplasma gondii were assayed by elisa in 22 experimentally inoculated domestic ducks. in addition, a serological assay was carried out at obihiro, hokkaido, japan, in 2004 and 2005, on 221 wild ducks of 5 species: anas platyrhynchus (n = 111); a. poecilorhyncha (n = 27); a. acuta (n = 58); a. penelope (n = 16); and a. crecca (n = 9). assays were also conducted using sera from 197 wild geese of 2 species, i.e., anser albifrons (n = 162) and ans. fabalis (n = 35). birds were collec ... | 2008 | 18576786 |
| influence of neospora caninum infection in balb/c mice during pregnancy in post-natal development. | the influence of neospora caninum infection during pregnancy on the post-natal period has been poorly investigated. in a previous study, we suggested that infection with n. caninum during pregnancy could affect the normal post-natal development of the offspring. for this reason, in the present work we evaluated the influence of n. caninum infection in pregnant balb/c mice at days 0, 7 and 14 of gestation (groups a, b and c, respectively) on the post-natal development of the offspring from birth ... | 2008 | 18586405 |
| the differential protein expression profiles and immunogenicity of tachyzoites and bradyzoites of in vitro cultured neospora caninum. | we report a study on the variations in the protein expression profiles of tachyzoites and bradyzoites of neospora caninum. the in vitro stage conversion of n. caninum-infected vero cells was induced by continuous treatment of infected cultures with 70 mum sodium nitroprusside (snp) for up to 9 days. the stage conversion indicated by the expression of the bradyzoite-specific antigen bag1 was analyzed by immunofluoresence assay. morphological changes between tachyzoites and bradyzoites and localiz ... | 2008 | 18597117 |
| [epidemiological and financial considerations for the control of neospora caninum on swiss dairy farms]. | neospora caninum is widely recognized as one of the most important abortifacients in cattle and causes substantial financial losses to bovine livestock production. this study aimed to calculate the losses caused by n. caninum on swiss dairy farms and to evaluate the efficacy and profitability of the control strategies culling, not breeding replacements and chemotherapy of calves on farm level. three different farm sizes with high, medium and low herd prevalences were defined. epidemiological and ... | 2008 | 18605018 |
| occurrence of neospora caninum antibodies in capybaras (hydrochaeris hydrochaeris) from são paulo state, brazil. | capybara (hydrochaeris hydrochaeris) is a large rodent distributed throughout tropical america. antibodies to neospora caninum in 213 feral capybaras from 11 counties of the state of são paulo, brazil, were assessed using the indirect immunofluorescent antibody test (titer >or=1:25) and found in 20 (9.4%), with titers of 1:25 in 4, 1:50 in 7, and 1:100 in 9 animals. this is the first report of occurrence of n. caninum antibodies in capybaras. | 2008 | 18605804 |
| toxoplasma gondii and neospora caninum antibodies in dogs from grenada, west indies. | toxoplasma gondii and neospora caninum are structurally similar parasites with many common hosts. the prevalence of antibodies to t. gondii and n. caninum was determined in sera from dogs in grenada, west indies. using a modified agglutination test, antibodies to t. gondii were found in 52 (48.5%) of the 107 dogs, with titers of 1:25 in 17, 1:50 in 19, 1:100 in 7, 1:1,600 in 5, and 1:3,200 or higher in 4. seroprevalence increased with age from 2.2% in dogs <6 mo old to 18.9% in dogs older than 2 ... | 2008 | 18605807 |
| seroprevalence and risk factors associated with neospora caninum infection in different dog populations in spain. | in this study, neospora caninum seroprevalence and some associated risk factors were investigated in four different dog populations in spain. n. caninum seropositivity was significantly higher in farm dogs (51%, 51/100) (p<0.001) and lower in household dogs (2.9%, 3/102) (p<0.0001). the seroprevalence in hunting (23%, 23/100) and stray (24.5%, 23/94) dogs was moderate, and no significant differences were observed between these two populations (p>0.05). a significantly higher number of dogs showe ... | 2008 | 18241992 |
| seroepidemiology of neospora caninum and toxoplasma gondii infection in yaks (bos grunniens) in qinghai, china. | neospora caninum is a protozoan parasite and is closely related to toxoplasma gondii, but they are antigenically different. n. caninum and t. gondii infection in a variety of animals such as cattle, dogs, and cats has been reported, but there is little information on the infection of these parasites in domestic yaks. seroprevalence of antibodies to t. gondii and n. caninum in yaks (bos grunniens) from eight regions of qinghai, china were investigated by the indirect agglutination test (iat) and ... | 2008 | 18242860 |
| a survey of abortifacient infectious agents in livestock in luzon, the philippines, with emphasis on the situation in a cattle herd with abortion problems. | in the philippines, insufficient consideration has been given to the implementation of systematic control measures against major abortifacient infectious agents in livestock. to elucidate the epidemiology of abortifacient infectious agents in livestock, the prevalence of four abortifacient agents was assessed. initially, a total of 96 cattle including 17 cows with history of abortion were examined in a herd in luzon at the request of the farm owner. six (35.3%) of the 17 aborting cows were found ... | 2008 | 18243149 |
| natural postnatal neospora caninum infection in cattle can persist and lead to endogenous transplacental infection. | a serological follow-up study of 3.5 years duration was done of a dairy herd that had experienced a mass seroconversion to neospora caninum following a point source exposure shortly before the 17th of january 2000. a total of 913 blood samples of 244 animals at seven sampling dates were used to investigate the seroprevalence dynamics in the herd. most postnatally infected cattle remained seropositive during the period of investigation but 11 animals became seronegative after 6-27 months indicati ... | 2008 | 18280662 |
| high seroprevalence of neospora caninum in the red fox (vulpes vulpes) in the pyrenees (ne spain). | antibodies to neospora caninum were determined in the red fox (vulpes vulpes) in the pyrenees, north-eastern spain. sera from 53 red foxes (29 male and 24 female) were tested using a neospora agglutination test (nat). seroprevalence at dilutions of 1/40, 1/80 and 1/160 was 69.8%, 47.2% and 7.5%, respectively. sex differences were significant only at a dilution of 1:40. the high seroprevalence observed in red fox suggests that this species is highly exposed to n. caninum in this area. | 2008 | 18280664 |
| seroprevalence of neospora caninum in dogs in south-western poland. | the prevalence of anti-neospora caninum antibodies was determined in serum samples from 110 dogs in south-western poland, using the indirect fluorescent antibody test (ifat). antibodies to n. caninum were found in 18 dogs (16.36%), of which 7 were also positive to toxoplasma gondii. the titres of anti-n. caninum antibodies varied from 1:50 to 1:200. | 2008 | 18291587 |
| transplacental toxoplasmosis in a wild southern sea otter (enhydra lutris nereis). | in september 2004, a neonatal sea otter pup was found alive on the beach in northern monterey bay, ca. efforts to locate the mother were unsuccessful. due to a poor prognosis for successful rehabilitation, the pup was euthanized. postmortem examination revealed emaciation, systemic lymphadenopathy and a malformation of the left cerebral temporal lobe. on histopathology, free tachyzoites and tissue cysts compatible with toxoplasma gondii were observed in the brain, heart, thymus, liver, lymph nod ... | 2008 | 18304737 |
| bovine immune response to inoculation with neospora caninum surface antigen srs2 lipopeptides mimics immune response to infection with live parasites. | infection of cattle with neospora caninum protozoa, the causative agent of bovine protozoal abortion, results in robust cellular and humoral immune responses, particularly cd4(+) t-lymphocyte activation and gamma interferon (ifn-gamma) secretion. in the present study, n. caninum srs2 (ncsrs2) t-lymphocyte-epitope-bearing subunits were incorporated into dna and peptide preparations to assess cd4(+) cell proliferation and ifn-gamma t-lymphocyte-secretion immune responses in cattle with predetermin ... | 2008 | 18305105 |
| in vitro analysis of the tat protein transduction domain as a drug delivery vehicle in protozoan parasites. | the present study was undertaken to analyse the capability of hiv-1 derived tat protein transduction domain (ptd) fused with green fluorescent protein (tat-gfp) as a delivery vehicle into a range of protozoan parasites. successful transduction of native purified tat-gfp was observed by fluorescent microscopy in cryptosporidium parvum, giardia duodenalis, and neospora caninum. the ability to transduce peptides and other cargo into protozoan parasites, will greatly assist in the delivery of future ... | 2008 | 17945214 |
| quantitative analysis of parasite dna in the blood of immunized and naïve mice after infection with neospora caninum. | real-time pcr was used to study the duration and level of parasitaemia in mice immunized with immune-stimulating complexes (iscoms) containing recombinant ncsrs2, one of the immunodominant surface antigens of neospora caninum. after challenge infection, blood was collected daily for 9 days. during this period the amounts of parasite dna detected in immunized mice were significantly lower (p<0.001), and the duration of parasitaemia appeared to be shorter, than in non-immunized controls. furthermo ... | 2008 | 17922929 |
| the extent of parasite-associated necrosis in the placenta and foetal tissues of cattle following neospora caninum infection in early and late gestation correlates with foetal death. | the protozoan parasite neospora caninum is the most frequently diagnosed abortifacient in the uk and a leading cause of abortion worldwide but the mechanisms leading to abortion are not fully understood. the distribution of parasites and the histopathological changes in the placenta and foetus were compared in 12 cows following experimental infection of cattle with n. caninum in early (n=6) and late (n=6) gestation, by pcr, immunohistology, light microscopy and transmission electron microscopy. ... | 2008 | 18021783 |
| evaluation of an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for the serological diagnosis of neospora caninum infection in sheep and determination of the apparent prevalence of infection in new zealand. | neospora caninum has recently been shown to be a cause of abortions of sheep in new zealand. a commercially available enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) was validated for use in sheep with sera from experimentally infected sheep. a cut-off threshold was established that demonstrated sero-conversion between 7 and 14 days post-infection. higher inocula led to earlier sero-conversion. this elisa was applied to 640 sera collected from rams across new zealand and 0.625% (+/-0.61%) (4/640) were ... | 2008 | 18083308 |
| babesia gibsoni: serodiagnosis of infection in dogs by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay with recombinant bgtrap. | the thrombospondin-related adhesive protein of babesia gibsoni (bgtrap) is known as an immunodominant antigen and is, therefore, considered as a candidate for the development of a diagnostic reagent for canine babesiosis. the recombinant bgtrap (rbgtrap) expressed in escherichia coli was tested in an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) for detecting antibodies to b. gibsoni in dogs. the elisa with rbgtrap clearly differentiated between b. gibsoni-infected dog sera and specific pathogen-fre ... | 2008 | 18155197 |
| neospora caninum infection in greek dairy cattle herds detected by two antibody assays in individual milk samples. | a survey to demonstrate the presence and the extent of neospora caninum infection in dairy cattle was carried out in greece. seven hundred and seventy-seven (777) individual milk samples from all milking cows in 10 dairy herds were tested using an elisa (p38-milk-elisa) and immunoblot analysis. the herd prevalence was 80.0% and 100.0%, while the overall prevalence was 15.2% (ranging between 0.0% and 38.9%) and 27.9% (ranging between 3.4% and 61.6%) based on the results of the elisa and the immun ... | 2008 | 18158217 |
| studies on synchronous egress of coccidian parasites (neospora caninum, toxoplasma gondii, eimeria bovis) from bovine endothelial host cells mediated by calcium ionophore a23187. | neospora caninum, toxoplasma gondii and eimeria bovis are coccidian parasites of veterinary importance. tachyzoites of n. caninum and t. gondii and sporozoites of e. bovis are able to invade and replicate in endothelial cells in vivo and in vitro. as it holds true for all eukaryotic cells, the survival of parasitized host cells and the parasites themselves should be dependent on ion balances, especially on extra- and intracellular calcium concentrations. addition of the calcium ionophore a23187 ... | 2008 | 18158611 |
| parasitic infections in dairy cattle around hanoi, northern vietnam. | in northern vietnam, dairy cattle are mainly managed in small-scale farms, where animals are kept confined and feeding occurs by cut and carry methods. in the present study the occurrence of parasitic infections was examined in five provinces around hanoi. a total of 201 farms were visited, and 334 stool and 239 blood samples were collected from calves younger than 3 months, animals between 3 and 24 months and adult cows. furthermore, 254 milk samples were collected from lactating animals. copro ... | 2008 | 18328629 |
| effects of re-infection with neospora caninum in bulls on parasite detection in semen and blood and immunological responses. | three bulls with experimentally induced primary infection with neospora caninum were re-infected intravenously with 10(8) live n. caninum tachyzoites of the nc-1 isolate at 300 days post-infection to investigate the presence of n. caninum in semen and blood, and the associated immune responses. in parallel, three bulls with experimentally induced primary infection with n. caninum and three non-infected bulls were also monitored. re-infected and infected bulls showed an intermittent presence of n ... | 2008 | 18336895 |
| upregulation of cytokines is detected in the placentas of cattle infected with neospora caninum and is more marked early in gestation when fetal death is observed. | the protozoan parasite neospora caninum causes fetal death after experimental infection of pregnant cattle in early gestation, but the fetus survives a similar infection in late gestation. an increase in th1-type cytokines in the placenta in response to the presence of the parasite has been implicated as a contributory factor to fetal death due to immune-mediated pathological alterations. we measured, using real-time reverse transcription-pcr and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, the levels of ... | 2008 | 18362132 |
| host cells participate in the in vitro effects of novel diamidine analogues against tachyzoites of the intracellular apicomplexan parasites neospora caninum and toxoplasma gondii. | the in vitro effects of 19 dicationic diamidine derivatives against the proliferative tachyzoite stages of the apicomplexan parasites neospora caninum and toxoplasma gondii were investigated. four compounds (db811, db786, db750, and db766) with similar structural properties exhibited profound inhibition of tachyzoite proliferation. the lowest 50% inhibitory concentrations were found for db786 (0.21 microm against neospora and 0.22 microm against toxoplasma) and db750 (0.23 microm against neospor ... | 2008 | 18362190 |
| seroprevalence of neospora caninum antibodies in dogs in india. | neospora caninum is one of most important causes of abortion in cattle worldwide, and dogs are an important risk factor for n. caninum infection in cattle. antibodies to n. caninum were determined in 184 (126 rural, 58 urban) dogs from the punjab state, india, using commercial monoclonal antibody-based competitive elisa and found in 16.8% of the animals. the prevalence of n. caninum antibodies was significantly higher in rural dogs (21.4%, 27 of 126) than city dogs (6.9%, 4 of 58). to our knowle ... | 2008 | 18372658 |
| models for experimental infection of dogs fed with tissue from fetuses and neonatal cattle naturally infected with neospora caninum. | three models were designed to investigate the development and enteroepithelial phase of neospora caninum in dogs, and to induce oocyst production by the parasite. in the first model, three dogs were fed raw fetal bovine tissue on two occasions. the bovine fetal tissue had been stored at 4 degrees c for 14 days and 16 days, respectively, and had tested positive for neosporosis using histopathology and immunohistochemistry. in the second model, nine dogs from the beginning of the experiment until ... | 2008 | 18395346 |
| seroprevalence of toxoplasma gondii and neospora caninum infection of cats in hungary. | blood samples were collected from 330 cats in hungary in order to evaluate their seroconversion to toxoplasma gondii and neospora caninum using the indirect fluorescent antibody test (ifat). the overall prevalence of toxoplasmosis was 47.6%, the prevalence being 22.4% among urban, 50% among suburban and 61.3% among rural animals. significantly more cats had high ifat titres (1:640 to 1:5120) in the countryside. female cats were more frequently infected with t. gondii than males (53.3% vs. 39.3%) ... | 2008 | 18401958 |
| the development and evaluation of a nested pcr assay for detection of neospora caninum and hammondia heydorni in feral mouse tissues. | the development of a novel nested polymerase chain reaction is described and used for detecting the presence of neospora caninum and hammondia heydorni dna in dna extracted from feral rodent tissues. a unique strategy was used for design of an assay that could be adapted for detecting dna from more than one member of toxoplasmatinae simultaneously with a minimal number of additional steps. the level of sensitivity described for this assay is comparable to real time-pcr and other nested pcr assay ... | 2008 | 18420378 |
| evolutionary origin of the protozoan parasites histone-like proteins (hu). | the histone-like proteins (hu) belong to a family of dna architectural proteins that stabilize nucleoprotein complexes. we found a putative hu protein (tgglmhmm_3045) in toxoplasma gondii genome that was homologous to the bacterial hu protein. this putative sequence was located in the scaffold tgg_995361 of the chromosome 10. the sequence included the prokaryotic bacterial histone-like domain, kfgslglrrrgervarnprt (id number ps00045). hu protein sequences were also found in plasmodium falciparum ... | 2008 | 18430986 |
| encephalitis in aborted bovine fetuses associated with bovine herpesvirus 1 infection. | brain tissue from 12 aborted bovine fetuses submitted to the wisconsin veterinary diagnostic laboratory revealed histologic lesions that consisted of glial nodules and variable degrees of mononuclear inflammation, microhemorrhage, neuronal necrosis, and cerebral cortical cavitation. a diagnosis of bovine herpesvirus 1 (bhv-1) abortion had been made in all of these cases through multiple testing modalities. brain tissue from 8 of the 12 fetuses was immunohistochemically stained with a monoclonal ... | 2008 | 18460615 |
| vaccination of mice with recombinant ncrop2 antigen reduces mortality and cerebral infection in mice infected with neospora caninum tachyzoites. | rhoptry antigens are involved in a variety of cellular functions related to host cell invasion, formation of the parasitophorous vacuole and parasite-host cell interplay. the cdna sequence of one of these antigens, ncrop2 was identified from neospora caninum expressed sequence tags (ests), amplified by reverse transcription-pcr, expressed in escherichia coli as a (his)(6)-tagged recombinant protein (recncrop2) and purified over ni(2+)-affinity chromatography. both recncrop2 and antibodies direct ... | 2008 | 18495126 |
| seroprevalence of neospora caninum, toxoplasma gondii and sarcocystis sp. in llamas (lama glama) from jujuy, argentina. | llamas (lama glama) are south american camelids described as intermediate hosts of neospora caninum, toxoplasma gondii and sarcocystis aucheniae. due to the potential role of these protozoan infections as a cause of economic losses, the aim of this study was to determine the seroprevalence for t. gondii, n. caninum and sarcocystis sp. in llamas from argentina. serum samples from 308 llamas (>2 years old) were collected between 2005 and 2007. a total of 55 farms located in six departments of juju ... | 2008 | 18495344 |
| detection of neospora caninum in dog organs using real time pcr systems. | neospora caninum is a parasite responsible for paresis in dogs. the dog can harbour enkysted parasites in several organs. the detection of n. caninum was performed using 3 different real time pcr systems all amplifying the nc5 dna region. one system was based on sybrgreen, one on plexor technology and the last on taqman probe. comparison of the three methods indicated that the detection limit was 1 equivalent genome on pure dna but that this detection limit increased in the presence of foreign d ... | 2008 | 18502585 |
| lack of serologic evidence of neospora caninum in humans, england. | retrospective testing of 3,232 serum samples from the general population and 518 serum samples from a high-risk group showed no evidence of human exposure to neospora caninum in england. results were obtained by using immunofluorescence antibody testing and elisa to analyze frequency distribution. | 2008 | 18507920 |
| frequency of detectable serum igg concentrations in precolostral calves. | to determine the prevalence of detectable serum igg concentrations in calves prior to ingestion of colostrum and to assess whether a detectable igg concentration was related to dam parity, calf birth weight, calf sex, season of calving, or infectious agents that can be transmitted transplacentally. | 2008 | 18518660 |
| ncgra2 as a molecular target to assess the parasiticidal activity of toltrazuril against neospora caninum. | the treatment of neospora caninum infection in the bovine host is still at an experimental stage. in contrast to the in vivo situation, a wide range of compounds have been intensively investigated in cell-culture-based assays. tools to demonstrate efficacy of treatment have remained conventional including morphological and cell biological criteria. in this work, we present a molecular assay that allows the distinction between live and dead parasites. live parasites can be detected by measuring t ... | 2008 | 18549517 |
| [occurrence of antibodies anti-neospora caninum in dogs of botucatu range micro region, state of são paulo, brazil]. | neosporosis is a parasitic disease caused by a protozoon neospora caninum, which is recognized as an important cause of bovine abortion and canine neuropathy. considering the isolation of n. caninum and the frequent serology in bovines of our region, the objectives of the present trial were to evaluate the occurrence of antibodies anti-n. caninum in dogs of the botucatu range micro region, in the state of são paulo, and its association with gender, age and origin (urban area--exclusively from th ... | 2008 | 18554432 |
| prevalence of neospora caninum and bovine viral diarrhoea virus in dairy cows in southern vietnam. | the main purpose of this study was to investigate the prevalence of neospora caninum and bovine viral diarrhoea virus (bvdv) in some dairy herds in southern vietnam, and to ascertain whether there were differences in seroprevalences between herds with imported and locally bred cows. serum samples collected on five state farms and 97 smallholder herds were analysed for the presence of antibodies to n. caninum and bvdv. all bvdv antibody-negative sera were further tested by antigen-elisa in order ... | 2008 | 17349807 |
| prevalence of neospora caninum antibodies in cattle from santarém, pará, brazil. | prevalence of anti-neospora caninum antibodies was measured in serum samples randomly collected from dairy (40 cows from four farms) and beef cattle (120 animals from 12 farms) from the municipality of santarém, pará state, brazil, calculated by using the win episcope 2.0 statistical program. the presence of anti-n. caninum antibodies was determined by indirect immunofluorescence-antibody test with a cut-off value of 1:100. we found that 13 farms (81.25%) showed infection rates above 10%, which ... | 2008 | 17619028 |
| neospora caninum: functional inhibition of protein disulfide isomerase by the broad-spectrum anti-parasitic drug nitazoxanide and other thiazolides. | nitazoxanide (ntz) and several ntz-derivatives (thiazolides) have been shown to exhibit considerable anti-neospora caninum tachyzoite activity in vitro. we coupled tizoxanide (tiz), the deacetylated metabolite, to epoxy-agarose-resin and performed affinity chromatography with n. caninum tachyzoite extracts. two main protein bands of 52 and 43kda were isolated. the 52kda protein was readily recognized by antibodies directed against ncpdi, and mass spectrometry confirmed its identity. poly-histidi ... | 2008 | 17720161 |
| inoculation of balb/c mice with live attenuated tachyzoites protects against a lethal challenge of neospora caninum. | neospora caninum tachyzoites attenuated through passage in tissue culture were tested for their ability to induce protective immunity against a lethal challenge dose of parasites. balb/c mice were each inoculated with either 1x10(6) live virulent tachyzoites (group 1) or 1x10(6) live attenuated tachyzoites (group 2), while (group 3) received a control inoculum. all mice were each challenged 28 days later with 5x10(6) virulent parasites. histopathological lesions in the brains including necrosis ... | 2008 | 17767798 |
| serological evidence of neospora caninum infection in mithun (bos frontalis) from india. | studies conducted on mithuns maintained at national research centre on mithun, indian council of agricultural research (icar), nagaland, india and mithuns found in free-ranging condition of nagaland revealed that the overall prevalence of antibodies to neospora caninum in mithun was 10% (95% ci=5-15) when detected by a commercially available competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay test. highest (prevalence rate=16, 95% ci=8-24) seroprevalence was found in mithuns above 3 years of age and l ... | 2008 | 17590395 |
| epidemiology of neosporosis in dairy cattle in galicia (nw spain). | this comprehensive study of neosporosis in dairy cattle in galicia (nw spain) included: (1) a comparative study of three serological techniques for detection of neospora caninum antibodies (direct agglutination, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and indirect immunofluorescence); (2) a cross-sectional serological survey in which 276 herds and 5,196 animals were tested; (3) a study of n. caninum antibody dynamics; (4) the isolation of viable tachyzoites of n. caninum. data were analysed to determi ... | 2008 | 17899194 |
| review of idiopathic eosinophilic meningitis in dogs and cats, with a detailed description of two recent cases in dogs. | eosinophilic meningoencephalitis (eme) has been described in various species of animals and in humans. in dogs it has been associated with protozoal infections, cuterebral myiasis and various other aetiologies. ten cases of idiopathic eosinophilic meningoencephalitis have been reported in dogs and one in a cat where the origin was uncertain or unknown. the dogs were all males, of various breeds but with a predominance of golden retrievers and rottweilers; they generally had a young age of onset. ... | 2008 | 19496320 |
| studies on neospora caninum dna detection in the oocytes and embryos collected from infected cows. | neosporosis is a major cause of abortion in cattle over the world. one of the methods of preventing vertical transmission within the herd is to avoid breeding replacement heifers from infected dams. another procedure suggested and recommended by the international embryo transfer society (iets) is embryo transfer (et) from infected dams into uninfected recipients. oocytes and embryos taken from seropositive cows were examined for the presence of neospora caninum dna. a modified pcr protocol using ... | 2008 | 18977601 |
| isolation and genetic characterization of neospora caninum from asymptomatic calves in spain. | neospora caninum is a cyst-forming parasite that causes abortion in cattle. despite this parasite's ubiquitous distribution and wide host range, the number of n. caninum isolates obtained to date is limited. in vitro isolation of the parasite is arduous and often unsuccessful. in addition, most isolates have been obtained from clinically affected hosts and therefore could be biased towards more virulent isolates. in this report, an improved isolation approach from transplacentally infected newbo ... | 2008 | 18980700 |
| serological survey of neospora caninum infection among dogs in japan through species-specific elisa. | a seroepidemiological survey of neospora caninum infection among dogs in japan was conducted using species-specific enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay with recombinant surface antigen (nc-sag1t). among 1,206 dogs examined, 126 dogs (10.4%) from 30 prefectures from hokkaido to okinawa were positive to n. caninum infections, which were more frequently detected in females than males. siberian huskies showed the highest positive rate compared with the other breeds. dogs with pyometra and diabetes mel ... | 2008 | 18772569 |
| evaluation of recombinant proteins of neospora caninum as vaccine candidates (in a mouse model). | abortion, resulting from infections by the parasite neospora caninum, is a major cause of economic loss to both the dairy and beef industries of cattle-producing countries of the world. vaccination as a means of preventing abortion and/or infection represents a viable control strategy; indeed a commercial vaccine is available in some countries, albeit of unknown efficacy. the commercial vaccine is based on inactivated tachyzoites of n. caninum but other approaches based on lysates and recombinan ... | 2008 | 18789996 |
| a four year longitudinal sero-epidemiology study of neospora caninum in adult cattle from 114 cattle herds in south west england: associations with age, herd and dam-offspring pairs. | neosporosis caused by the protozoan parasite neospora caninum, is an economically important cause of abortion, stillbirth, low milk yield, reduced weight gain and premature culling in cattle. consequently, a seroepidemiological study of n. caninum antibodies was conducted in england with 29,782 samples of blood taken from 15,736 cattle from 114 herds visited on three occasions at yearly intervals. herds were categorised into lower (< 10%) and higher (> or = 10%) median herd seroprevalence. hiera ... | 2008 | 18793402 |
| usefulness of rncgra7- and rncsag4-based elisa tests for distinguishing primo-infection, recrudescence, and chronic bovine neosporosis. | bovine reproductive failure caused by the parasite neospora caninum is a major problem and is responsible for severe economic losses worldwide. currently, appropriate control measures depend on the predominant transmission route in a particular herd. therefore, the development of diagnostic tools capable of discriminating between primo-infection, recrudescence, re-infection, and chronic infection is a major challenge in the serodiagnosis of bovine neosporosis. here, two recombinant protein-based ... | 2008 | 18814972 |
| spatial analysis of neospora caninum distribution in dairy cattle from sweden. | the national herd prevalence and spatial distribution of neospora caninum infected dairy herds in sweden were investigated. the study was based on a bulk milk survey comprising samples from 2,978 herds. test-positive herds were found in all parts of sweden and the overall prevalence of test-positive herds was 8.3% (95% confidence interval = 7.3-9.3%). the presence of spatial autocorrelation was tested using the moran's i test. possible clusters of test-positive herds were identified by applying ... | 2008 | 19021107 |
| occurrence of toxoplasma gondii and hammondia hammondi oocysts in the faeces of cats from germany and other european countries. | faecal samples of 24,106 cats from germany and other european countries were examined microscopically in a veterinary laboratory in germany between october 2004 and november 2006 to estimate the prevalence of animals shedding toxoplasma gondii or hammondia hammondi oocysts. oocysts of 9-15 microm size with a morphology similar to that of h. hammondi and t. gondii were found in 74 samples (0.31%). a total of 54 samples were further characterised to achieve a species diagnosis and to determine the ... | 2008 | 18226453 |
| current trends in follow-up of trophoblastic function in ruminant species. | during the pregnancy of ruminants, different hormones and proteins are secreted by placenta or corpus luteum allowing the follow up of gestation. among them, progesterone (p4) and pregnancy-associated glycoproteins (pag) were proposed as laboratory tools to establish or to confirm pregnancy diagnosis. in last years, pag assay also provided useful information for researchers working in programs focused on the follow up of trophoblastic function. concentrations of pag appeared as altered after the ... | 2008 | 19261972 |
| [frequency of anti-neospora caninum antibodies in cows and fetuses from municipalities of southern minas gerais]. | the objective of this study was to determine the frequency of antibodies anti-neospora caninum in cows and fetuses from municipalities of southern minas gerais. a total of 559 serum samples of cows of the a bank of sera formed from of serum samples collected at 18 dairy farms, distributed for seven municipalities of the lavras micro region, southern minas gerais, and 575 serum samples of cows and 503 serum samples of fetuses were collected at slaughter house of campo belo, mg. serum samples were ... | 2008 | 19265576 |
| frequency of antibodies against neospora caninum in stray and domiciled dogs from urban, periurban and rural areas from paraná state, southern brazil. | antibodies to neospora caninum were analyzed by an indirect fluorescent antibody test (ifat), in stray and domiciled dogs from urban, periurban and rural areas from curitiba, paraná state, brazil. of the total of 556 dogs, 18.17% (101) were positive for n. caninum (titer 50). frequency of antibody was 12.71 in urban, 15.73 in periurban, and 25.38% in rural dogs. rural dogs had a significantly higher frequency of antibodies than urban dogs (p<0.05). there were no significant differences between t ... | 2008 | 19265582 |
| [determination and correlation of anti-neospora caninum antibodies in cattle and dogs from paraná, brazil]. | the protozoan parasite neospora caninum is a major cause of abortion in cattle worldwide. the aim of the present study was to determine and to compare the presence of anti-neospora caninum antibodies in cattle, as well as in farm dogs, and the relationship among them. the research was conducted in different mesoregions of paraná state, southern brazil. sera from 1.263 cattle, from 77 farms were tested for antibodies to n. caninum by elisa. sera from 129 dogs, from 35 farms were tested for antibo ... | 2008 | 20059847 |
| interleukin-12 response to ncsrs2 immunization of balb/c mice against neospora caninum. | the apicomplexan parasite neospora caninum can cause abortions and is recognized as an important causative agent responsible for economic and reproductive losses in the cattle industry. humoral immune response was investigated in balb/c mice by using recombinant ncsrs2 expressed in escherichia coli as polyhistidine-tagged fusion proteins. ncsrs2 is the major immunodominant tachyzoite surface antigen of n. caninum. separate groups of female balb/c mice were infected subcutaneously with (p) pbs, ( ... | 2008 | 20059851 |
| [seroprevalence of antibodies anti-neospora caninum and anti-toxoplasma gondii in captive wild canids]. | neosporosis is considered one of the main cause of abortion in dairy cattle in the world. the prevalence of neospora caninum in wild species has been studied since the coyote (canis latrans), a north american wild canid specie was discovered as definitive host of this parasite. the aim of the present study was to determine the serum prevalence of n. caninum and t. gondii in wild native canids species from brazil. serum samples of 25 crab-eating dogs (cerdocyon thous), five pampas fox (lycalopex ... | 2008 | 20059860 |
| [risk factors and prevalence of antibodies anti-neospora caninum in urban and rural dogs from rio grande do sul, brazil]. | serum samples from 339 dogs from rural (beef and dairy farms) and urban areas of municipality of pelotas, rs, were tested by indirect fluorescent antibody test to verify the presence of antibodies anti-neospora caninum. data from dogs took part of an epidemiologic questionnaire to identify possible risk factors associated with the seropositivity. antibodies anti-n. caninum were found 15.6% (53/339) of serum samples, with 5.5% (6/109) of positive dogs from urban area and 20.4% (47/230) from rural ... | 2008 | 20059865 |
| [epidemiologic survey of neospora caninum in bovines of rural settlements in corumbá, ms]. | neospora caninum, is an obligate intracellular parasite, can infect domestic and wild dogs, equines and ruminants. it was described in 1988, and its economic importance is attributed to costs of abortion, the value of the fetuses, artificial insemination and coverage, the decrease in milk production, the increase in the disposal and replacement of animals. in four rural settlements of the municipality of corumba, ms (mato grande, paiolzinho, taquaral and tamarineiro) was used a combination of qu ... | 2008 | 20059867 |
| serosurvey of ex situ giant pandas (ailuropoda melanoleuca) and red pandas (ailurus fulgens) in china with implications for species conservation. | conservation strategies for the giant panda (ailuropoda melanoleuca) include the development of a self-sustaining ex situ population. this study examined the potential significance of infectious pathogens in giant pandas ex situ. serologic antibody titers against canine distemper virus (cdv), canine parvovirus (cpv), canine adenovirus (cav), canine coronavirus (ccv), canine herpesvirus, canine parainfluenza virus (cpiv), toxoplasma gondii, neospora caninum, and leptospira interrogans were measur ... | 2007 | 18229861 |
| generation of parasite cysts in cultured cells instead of living animals. | in order to develop any effective means of prevention or therapy against neospora caninum infection, all three life cycle stages of this parasite have to be taken into account. in this project, the in vitro culture of n. caninum bradyzoites containing tissue cysts has been developed, thus allowing to the initiation of stage conversion without the use of animal experimentation. this enables researchers to study novel aspects of stage differentiation, to investigate novel diagnostic antigens, and ... | 2007 | 19835051 |
| histopathological and immunohistochemical aspects of neospora caninum diagnosis in bovine aborted fetuses. | lesions suggestive of protozoal infection such as nonsuppurative myositis, nonsuppurative myocarditis, nonsuppurative pneumonia associated with focal cellular necrosis and multifocal necrotizing nonsuppurative encephalitis were observed in 89 (34%) out of 258 aborted bovine fetuses. immunohistochemistry (ihc) revealed tachyzoites and cysts of neospora caninum in 55 (61.8%) of these 89 fetuses. several fetal variables were tested by multivariate logistic regression, in which increasing odds for p ... | 2007 | 17904290 |
| seroprevalence of neospora spp. among asymptomatic horses, aborted mares and horses demonstrating neurological signs in israel. | sera from 800 asymptomatic horses were examined for the presence of antibodies to neospora caninum by immunofluorescence antibody test (ifat). the presence of antibodies to n. caninum was also tested in sera from 52 mares that had aborted and 40 horses exhibiting neurological signs. a total of 95 (11.9%) of the 800 sera had antibodies for neospora. significantly higher seropositivity was obtained from horses that had neurological signs (21.2%) and from aborted mares (37.5%). there was significan ... | 2007 | 17614202 |
| optimization of the use of c57bl/6 mice as a laboratory animal model for neospora caninum vaccine studies. | the development and testing of vaccines for neospora caninum in mice require challenge studies to demonstrate a reduction in clinical signs or prevention of vertical transmission of the parasite after vaccination. genetic susceptibility to n. caninum varies with the strain of mice. in this study, c57bl/6 mice were evaluated as a model for neospora vaccine studies. a lethal challenge model was developed and the ld(50) was determined to be 1.5 x 10(7)n. caninum tachyzoites/mouse, delivered intrape ... | 2007 | 17306460 |
| experimental neosporosis in bulls: parasite detection in semen and blood and specific antibody and interferon-gamma responses. | to investigate the presence of neospora caninum in semen and blood, and the development of specific antibody and interferon-gamma (ifn-gamma) responses in experimentally infected bulls. | 2007 | 17316779 |
| does human proximity affect antibody prevalence in marine-foraging river otters (lontra canadensis)? | the investigation of diseases of free-ranging river otters (lontra canadensis) is a primary conservation priority for this species; however, very little is known about diseases of river otters that forage in marine environments. to identify and better understand pathogens that could be important to marine-foraging river otters, other wildlife species, domestic animals, and humans and to determine if proximity to human population could be a factor in disease exposure, serum samples from 55 free-r ... | 2007 | 17347401 |
| sarcocystis sp.-associated meningoencephalitis in a bald eagle (haliaeetus leucocephalus). | protozoal meningoencephalitis is uncommon in raptors. an adult female bald eagle (haliaeetus leucocephalus) was euthanized after several months of treatment for progressive neurologic signs. the predominant histologic lesion was lymphoplasmacytic and histiocytic meningoencephalitis involving the cerebrum and cerebellum. there was a marked segmental loss of granular cells and purkinje cells, as well as segmental atrophy of the molecular layer in the cerebellum. protozoal merozoites and schizonts ... | 2007 | 17823405 |
| cutaneous toxoplasmosis in a female japanese cat. | a 16-year-old female japanese cat was presented with a single mammary-gland nodule approximately 3 cm in diameter. histologically, the nodule consisted of necrotizing granulomatous panniculitis, vasculitis, and mastitis, and contained free and clustered protozoal organisms. the organism was present in the cytoplasm of macrophages, fibroblasts, endothelial cells, and mammary-gland epithelia. the organism was positive for anti- toxoplasma gondii and anti- neospora caninum antibodies. electron micr ... | 2007 | 17846241 |
| internal hydrocephalus and associated periventricular encephalitis in a young fox. | marked lateral ventricular enlargement associated with atrophic cerebral cortex and periventricular encephalitis is described in a 2-month-old fox affected by disorientation, generalized ataxia, difficulty in walking, circling, and blindness. clinical conditions progressed to stupor and spontaneous death within a few days. at necropsy, severe inflammatory and necrotizing lesions were observed in periventricular sites associated with diverticula and cleft formation in perithalamic areas and rhine ... | 2007 | 17846249 |
| isolation of neospora caninum from dairy zero grazing cattle in israel. | first israeli neospora caninum isolates were obtained from brain tissues of aborted fetuses (ncis491 and ncis580) from dairy farms endemic for neosporosis and maintaining cattle on zero grazing. tissues from different parts of the fetus brains were used to infect vero cells. tachyzoites of n. caninum were first observed in cultures from days 30 and 32 after infection. to confirm the identity of the isolated parasites, dna extracts from brains and cultures were tested by pcr with specific primers ... | 2007 | 17850972 |
| protection against abortion linked to gamma interferon production in pregnant dairy cows naturally infected with neospora caninum. | many immunological aspects of pregnancy, such as the role played by gamma interferon (ifn-gamma) in abortion, are not well understood. neospora caninum is an intracellular protozoan considered to be among the main causes of abortion in cattle worldwide. the present study analyzes the interaction between ifn-gamma production and n. caninum infection in naturally infected pregnant cows. data were obtained from 126 pregnant cows: 86 seropositive and 40 seronegative for the parasite. pregnancy diagn ... | 2007 | 17854883 |
| fecal and serological survey of neospora caninum in farm dogs in costa rica. | to detect oocysts of neospora caninum in dog feces and to determine the excretion pattern in dogs from specialized dairy farms in costa rica, a total of 265 fecal samples from 34 dogs were collected at intervals from february to august 2005. fecal samples were examined for n. caninum-like oocysts microscopically, by dna detection using the polymerase chain reaction (pcr), and by bioassay. n. caninum dna was detected by pcr in four fecal samples, twice from one dog, but oocysts were not detected ... | 2007 | 17868998 |
| neosporosis in beagle dogs: clinical signs, diagnosis, treatment, isolation and genetic characterization of neospora caninum. | clinical neosporosis was diagnosed in a litter of five pups born to a beagle bitch from virginia, usa. four of the pups developed limb weakness starting at 4 weeks of age. the dogs were suspected to have neosporosis based on clinical signs and empirically treated with clindamycin (75 mg, oral, twice daily, total 150 mg) starting at 9 weeks of age and the dosage was doubled at 13 weeks of age. antibodies to neospora caninum were detected in sera of the dam and pups when first tested serologically ... | 2007 | 17890012 |
| neospora caninum in cattle: experimental infection with oocysts can result in exogenous transplacental infection, but not endogenous transplacental infection in the subsequent pregnancy. | whilst it is presumed that infection of pregnant cattle with neospora caninum oocysts can provoke abortion and is the likely cause of epidemic abortion outbreaks, only two previous experiments have involved inoculation of pregnant cows with oocysts (and only one abortion was provoked in 22 pregnancies). here, we describe the oral oocyst challenge of 18 cows synchronously bred and inoculated precisely at 70 (n=6), 120 (n=6) and 210 (n=6) days in pregnancy with a nominal dose of 40,000 oocysts. on ... | 2007 | 17624353 |
| quantification of vertical and horizontal transmission of neospora caninum infection in dutch dairy herds. | ninety-six of 108 randomly selected dutch dairy herds had one or more cows with a positive serostatus for n. caninum. in these 96 herds, we have quantified the probabilities of vertical transmission (vt) and horizontal transmission (ht) of n. caninum infection by combining serostatus and pedigree data in 4091 dam-daughter pairs. the probability of animals infected by vertical transmission during pregnancy (prob(vt)) was calculated as the proportion of seropositive daughters among daughters of se ... | 2007 | 17640807 |