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[isolation of surface k-antigen from salmonella cholerae suis by the method of preparative electrophoresis in polyacrylamide gel and the study of its properties]. 197557272
[on the similarity of antigen between fungi and salmonella. 4. communication (author's transl)].the immune sera for candida membranefaciens (c. majoricensis), candida guilliermondii var. carpophila, metschnikowia bicuspidata, syringospora stellatoidea and torulopsis candida agglutinated salmonella cholerae-suis (6,7). the immune serum for s. cholerae-suis agglutinated candida membranefaciens (c. majoricensis), candida guilliermondii var. carpophila, metschnikowia biscuspidata, syringospora stelladoidea and torulopsis candida. absorption and agglutination cross test demonstrated common anti ...197665072
[on the similarity of antigen between torulopsis and salmonella (author's transl)].the immune sera for torulopsis apicola, t. bovine, t. colliculosa, t. fructus, t. glabrata, t. haemulonii and t. kestoni agglutinated salmonella cholerae-suis (6,7). the immune serum for s. cholerae-suis agglutinated torulopsis apicola, t. bovina, t. colliculosa, t. fructus, t. glabrata, t. haemulonii and t. kestoni. absorption and agglutination cross test demonstrated common antigen factors in the tested torulopsis species and in s. cholerae-suis (6,7).197770908
[the grouping of candida species according to the salmonella choleraesuis o 6,7 antigen. 5. communication (author's transl)]. 197771797
[on the similarity of antigen between torulopsis and salmonella. 2. (communication) (author's transl)].the immune sera for torulopsis castellii, t. ernobii, t. humilis, t. insectalens, t. musae, t. pintolopesii and t. silvatica agglutinated salmonella cholerae suis (6,7). the immune serum for s. cholerae suis agglutinated torulopsis castellii, t. ernobii, t. humilis, t. insectalens, t. musae, t. pintolopesii and t. silvatica. absorption and agglutination cross test demonstrated common antigen factors in the tested torulopsis species and in s. cholerae suis (6,7).197772468
[correlation among different candida tropicalis, candida rhagii and salmonella cholerae suis 0 6,7 antigen].the immune sera for candida tropicalis (c. benhamii) cbs-5701, candida tropicalis (c. vulgaris) cbs-2310 and c. rhagii (c. tropicalis v. rhagii) cbs-618 agglutinated salmonella cholarae suis 211 (0 6,7). the immune serum for s. cholerae suis agglutinated c. tropicalis (c. benhamii), c. tropicalis (c. vulgaris) and c. rhagii (c. tropicalis v. rhagii). absorption and agglutination cross tests demonstrated common antigen factors in the tested species and in s. cholerae suis (0 6,7).197773125
[the grouping of torulopsis species according to the salmonella cholerae-suis o 6,7 antigens. 3. communication (author's transl)]. 197776381
[the antigenic relationship between kloeckera and salmonella cholerae-suis o antigen (author's transl)].the immune sera for kloeckera africana, k. corticis, k. javanica var. javanica and k. javanica var. lafarir agglutinated salmonella cholerae-suis (o:6(2),7). the immune serum for s. cholerae-suis agglutinated k. africana, k. corticis, k. javanica var. javanica and k. javanica var. lafarii. absorption and agglutination cross tests demonstrated common antigenic factor(s) between above mentioned yeasts and salmonella o:7 antigen and also k. javanica var. lafarii and salmonella o antigens 6 and 7.197994725
salmonella choleraesuis proteins and their relation to proteins from bacteria of heterologous sero-groups.a diversity of proteins was identified in the material isolated from s. choleraesuis with the help of sera prepared in rabbits with this material. the sera displayed, in agar-gel diffusions, numerous superimposed precipitation lines against proteins from: salmonellae, shigellae and e. coli. in contrast to proteins from s. paratyphi c, sharing identical identical 'o' 'factors, the serological activity of the s. choleraesuis proteins was impaired by heating. the immunochemical analysis of the sera ...1979120926
[antigenic relationships between salmonella choleraesuis strains and torulopsis (author's transl)].antigenic relationships between candida clausseni and salmonella choleraesuis were presented before. in this study, antigenic relationships between salmonella choleraesuis and different strains of torulopsis analyzed by immunodiffusion studies. antigenic relationships between intragroups of torulopsis were also studied. the results showed that the common thermostable component (s) of s. choleraesuis and torulopsis musae may probably be related to the common enterobacterial antigen. other results ...1979122004
[obtaining the beta-globulin fractions from swine and cattle sera and a study of their immunological activity].the rivanol precipitation was used to obtain beta-globulin fractions from specific swine sera against edema disease, paratyph and aujeszky's disease as well as from normal ovine and swine sera. agar electrophoresis revealed that the preparations produced contained beta-globulin (86 per cent), gamma-globulin (5 per cent), and alpha2-globulin (9 per cent). the beta-globulin preparations were studied for the presence of antibodies against e. coli, salmonellae, staphylococci, myxovirus parainfluenza ...1976176771
evaluation of a live salmonella choleraesuis vaccine by intranasal challenge.weaned pigs were immunised with a live attenuated salmonella choleraesuis vaccine. the protective immunity induced was compared with that of unvaccinated pigs by intranasal challenge with a field strain of s choleraesuis. of 18 unvaccinated pigs, three died as a result of challenge from s choleraesuis and 10 of the survivors developed chronic lung lesions. none of the vaccinated pigs died as a result of challenge and two only showed macroscopic evidence of salmonellosis on autopsy three weeks af ...1979262604
salmonella in pig carcasses for human consumption in hong kong: a study on the mode of contamination.a very high proportion (75%) of the pigs slaughtered in hong kong were found to be infected with salmonellas. seven serotypes including salmonella choleraesuis were isolated but the majority (91%) were s. anatum and s. derby. these serotypes, especially s. anatum and s. derby, had been isolated frequently from clinical cases, symptomless carries and in this study from abattoir workers, suggesting that the pig was a significant source for human salmonella infection. the majority of pigs slaughter ...1977265345
[properties of the common fractions of candida, various yeasts and salmonella cholerae suis 0 6,7 antigens].the agglutinating serum of s. cholerae suis, obtained against the 0 6,7 antigens, agglutinated c. guilliermondii var. carpophila and t. candida, both in tube and on slide. the anti-0 serum obtained from r phase of s. cholerae suis did not agglutinate the mentioned strains anylonger.1977329072
bacteriophage specificity in the identification of yersinia pestis as compared with other enterobacteria.bacteriophage typing of yersinia pestis and the specificity of the phage among enterobacteriaceae were investigated. the bacteriophage used for rapid identification of y. pestis reacted with representative strains of all recognized species of shigella as well as with salmonella cholerae-suis. reactive shigella serotypes were sh. dysenteriae 1 and 9, sh. flexneri 2a, sh. boydii 1 and 6, and sh. sonnei. patterns consisting of isolated plaques (two cases) or absence of plaques were observed when th ...1978375327
experimental klebsiella and salmonella infection in neonatal swine.twenty colostrum-fed piglets from three sows were separated from the sows 24 hours after birth and were randomly divided into five groups of four piglets each. every piglet in each of four test groups was orally inoculated with about 10(10) colony forming units of salmonella typhimurium, salmonella choleraesuis var kunzendorf or one of two isolates of klebsiella pneumoniae. one group served as uninoculated controls. piglets infected with k. pneumoniae developed severe diarrhea beginning about 12 ...1979387185
[the antigenic relationships between candida albicans, salmonella cholerae suis, and salmonella cholerae suis var. kunzendorf o antigens].in this study a common antigenic factor (s) between c. albicans cbs-562 and s. cholerae suis 211 (0:6(2),7) was shown with agglutination and absorption tests. this common antigenic factor (s) is different than previously shown salmonella 0:7 antigen. this new factor (s) is not present in s. cholerae suis var. kunzendorf 1350 (0:6(1), 7) and s. cholerae suis var. kunzendorf 5210 (0:6(2),7) serotypes.1979400300
synthesis and antibacterial activity of 1-hydroxy-1-methyl-1,3-dihydrofuro[3,4-b]quinoxaline 4,9-dioxide and related compounds.a free-wilson analysis of the antibacterial activity found in a variety of quinoxaline 1,4-dioxides prepared and tested in these laboratories unexpectedly predicted that potent activity should be found in the case where the heterocyclic ring system was substituted with an acetyl group in the 2 position and a hydroxymethyl group in the 3 position (2). the synthesis and antibacterial activity of this compound, which was actually isolated in the hemiketal form (3), and of several of its derivatives ...1979490559
the antigenic relationship between brettanomyces-debaryomyces strains and the salmonella cholerae-suis o antigen.the immune sera for brettanomyces lambicus, b. claussenii, debaryomyces hansenii and d. marama agglutinated salmonella cholerae-suis (0:6(2), 7). the immune serum for s. cholerae-suis agglutinated b. lambicus, b. clausenni, d. hansenii and d. marama. absorption and agglutination cross-tested demonstrated common antigen factor(s) in the tested yeasts and salmonella 0:7 antigen.1978567026
[antigenic relationship between salmonella cholerae suis and various yeasts].the common antigenic fraction of candida albicans and salmonella o 6, 7 antigens were published by aksoycan and kaffmann (1); recently aksoycan and sağanak (4,6) showed the antigenic relationship between salmonella o 6, 7 antigen and various candida, torulopsis species and some other yeasts. during their earlier studies aksoycan and his colleagues showed also the antigen relationship between saccharomycopsis ludwigii, syringospora albicans, syringospora claussenii, syringospora stellatoidea, met ...1977600120
synthesis and antibacterial activity of isomeric 6- and 7-acetyl-3-methyl-2- quinoxalinecarbozamide 1,4-dioxides.the synthesis, separation, and structure determination of 6- and 7-acetyl--3-methyl-2-quinoxalinecarboxamide 1,4-dioxides are reported together with a comparison of their antibacterial activity. the structural assignment of these 6- and7-acetyl isomers was based on nmr analysis of related mono-n-oxide derivatives, which were obtained by treatment of the quinoxaline 1,4-dioxides with acetic anhydride--acetic acid or trimethyl phosphite. the compounds were screened for in vitro and in vivo activit ...1978660596
salmonella arteritis: a precursor of aortic rupture and pseudoaneurysm formation.salmonella arteritis developed in three patients with subsequent arterial rupture and pseudoaneurysm formation. they had a one- to two-week history of chills and fever, and blood cultures were positive for salmonella. pulsatile, tender abdominal masses developed in two patients with aortic infection while they were hospitalized. the third patient's femoral artery infection presented as a painful swelling behind the knee. arteriography demonstrated large vessel rupture with pseudoaneurysm formati ...1978708237
[live vaccine against salmonellosis in swine].a live vaccine was produced against salmonellosis in pigs, using a mutant strain 3--297 of salmonella cholerae suis. the vaccine proved fully innocuous at the rate of 1 cm3 to guinea pigs and at 2-5 ml to pigs, and 15 days following injection the vaccinal strains was no longer isolated from the test animals. guinea pigs injected singly at the rate of 1cm3 of the vaccine and infected on the 12th day with a pathogenic salmonella cholerae suis strain died up to 12 per cent (the control ones up to 9 ...1978749326
[nitrosoguanidine induction of mutants in salmonella cholerae suis].on treatment two strains of salmonella cholerae suis with nitrosoguanidine and using ledeberg's contact technique, some 100 colonies of one of the strains were obtained, seven out of which were auxotrophic. these seven mutants were auxotropic, of which three -- to tyrosine, two -- to adenine, one -- to glutamic acid and one -- to histidine. the mutant of the second salmonella cholerae suis strain is auxotrophic to tyrosine, xanthine and adenine. the colonies of these mutants are smaller. their g ...1978751321
transferable drug resistance associated with coliforms isolated from hospital and domestic sewage.the incidence of antibiotic-resistant fecal coliforms in raw and treated hospital and municipal wastes was investigated to determine whether such wastes may serve as reservoirs for the spread of resistant bacteria and resistance transfer factors. multiple resistance occurred in 87.8% of isolates from hospital and 42.6% of isolates from municipal wastes. antibiotic resistance was transferable to escherichia coli and salmonella cholerae-suis recipient strains from 62.3% of resistant isolates from ...1976789292
the significance of the serotype in the clinical and pathological features of naturally occurring porcine salmonellosis.salmonellosis was the diagnosis in 63 of 327 consecutive porcine necropsy accessions during a one year period in indiana, an incidence four to ten times that previously reported in other areas. a herd outbreak was usually either a septicemic disease characterized by sudden mortality. little overlap between these two syndromes were seen. animals dying with the septicemic form usually yielded salmonella choleraesuis var. kunzendorf on culture. salmonella typhimurium was the usual isolate from case ...1976793690
survey for salmonellae in porcine bile and cecums and on equipment surfaces in an ohio abattoir.porcine bile samples and cecal swabbings and environmental swabbings collected from an abattoir in columbus, oh, were examined for salmonellae. of 40 cecal swabbings, 6 were culture-positive for salmonella choleraesuis and 2 of 25 swabbings of surfaces that were in contact with edible products were culture-positive for salmonella typhimurium. all of 500 bile samples were salmonella-free.1976794045
neurologic disease in naturally occurring salmonella choleraesuis infection in pigs.a granulomatous meningoencephalomyelitis was seen in 17 feeder pigs submitted for diagnostic evaluation from eight farms. vasculitis and destructive microgranulomas were widespread in both brain and spinal cord. occasionally there were microabscesses. salmonella choleraesuis var. kunzendorf was isolated from six of the eight groups, and there were lesions of acute salmonellosis in all animals examined. in three of the affected herds the principal disease manifestation was neurologic.1977855141
[the antigenic relationship between syringospora albicans, candida rhagii and the salmonella c1 group o antigen].the immune sera for syringospora albicans and candida rhagii agglutinated salmonella cholerae suis (0 6,7). the immune serum for s. cholerae suis agglutinated syringospora albicans and candida rhagii. absorption and agglutination cross test demonstrated common antigenic factors in the tested fungus species and in s. cholerae suis (0 6,7).1977857116
[osteomyelitis in a child with low birth weight caused by salmonella cholerae suis]. 1977872237
[similarities between metchnikowia and salmonella 0 6,7 antigens].the antigenic similarity between metschnikowia and salmonella cholerae suis 0 6,7 antigen is reviewed and discussed briefly.1977882028
comparison of a new aminoglycoside (g-418) and gentamicin for the treatment of swine dysentery in swine naturally infected with salmonella choleraesuis.the addition of the aminoglycosidic antibiotic, g-418, to drinking water at the concentration of 37.5 mg/l for 3 days was effective in treatment of experimentally induced swine dysentery in swine. with this concentration, there was a recession of diarrhea during or immediately after withdrawal of medication. however, the diarrhea recurred approximately 2 weeks after medication was stopped. with the concentration of 12.5 mg of g-418/l given to swine for 3 days, the diarrhea did not recede during ...1977921023
ipronidazole, ronidazole, and dimetridazole in feed for treatment and prevention of swine dysentery in swine after multiple exposure and in swine spontaneously infected with salmonella choleraesuis. 1977931129
comparison of furazolidone and carbadox in the feed for treatment of salmonella choleraesuis in swine.furazolidone and carbadox, as feed additives, were only partially effective for the treatment of experimentally induced infections of salmonella choleraesuis var kunzendorf in swine. there was little difference in mortality between the medicated exposed and the nonmedicated exposed swine, and medication did not markedly decrease rectal temperature. in experiment i, the mortality in groups fed furazolidone was lower than in those fed carbadox, but higher than in the nonmedicated exposed. in exper ...1977931130
bactericidal and opsonic activities of normal sheep serum against gram-negative bacteria.the bactericidal and opsonic activities of normal sheep serum against 9 smooth and 4 rough strains of gram-negative bacteria were measured. three smooth strains-escherichia coli 3662, salmonella typhimurium, and salmonella gallinarum-were resistant to the bactericidal action of normal sheep serum with or without complement. six smooth strains-e coli o78:k80(b), salmonella arizonae, proteus inconstans, klebsiella pneumoniae, salmonella stanley, and salmonella abortus-equi-were moderately sensitiv ...19751098532
transmissible drug resistance of escherichia coli and salmonella from humans, animals, and their rural environments.isolates of escherichia coli and salmonella species obtained from humans, animals, and their rural environments were tested for their ability to transfer multiple drug resistance to competent recipients. in all, 125 (52.9%) of 242 isolates of e.coli transferred all or part of their resistance to e.coli csh-2, and 103 (44.4%) of 232 isolates of e.coli transferred all or part of their resistance to salmonella choleraesuis var. kuzendorf 214. the data suggest that the multiple drug resistance of e. ...19751099148
antimicrobial agents from marine algae.the antimicrobial activity of five compounds extracted from marine algae was tested against staphylococcus aureus, salmonella choleraesuis, mycobacterium smegmatis, candida albicans, and escherichia coli. three of the compounds, cycloeudesmol, laurinterol, and debromolaurinterol, exhibited activity at concentrations approaching that of streptomycin. none of the compounds inhibited all of the organisms tested. there appeared to be selectivity for gram-positive microbes.19751137385
villous atrophy in pigs orally infected with salmonella cholerae-suis.the macroscopic and microscopic appearance of villous atrophy in weaned pigs orally infected with salmonella cholerae-suis is described. the other intestinal diseases of pigs in which villous atrophy occurs are discussed.19751144924
[vaccination of sows with the "dessau" salmonella-cholerae-suis adsorbate vaccine].experiments on the immunization of sows were conducted on six premises. the results justify immunization of breeding animals as part of a control programme for salmonellosis in pigs.19751200744
pyonephrosis due to salmonella cholerae-suis variant kunzendorf.a patient with unilateral infection of the kidney due to salm. cholerase-suis is presented. long-term treatment with ampicillin was of no avail. nephrectomy terminated the infection. the extirpated kidney showed severe obstruction, stones and tissue damage.19751223008
[salmonella cholerae suis var. kunzendorf infection and splenic abscess]. 19761250606
separation of two lipopolysaccharide populations with different contents of o-antigen factor 122 in salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium.lipopolysaccharide (lps) extraction from smooth-type salmonella enterica sv. typhimurium was carried out with the modified phenol/chloroform/petroleum ether method (volume ratio 5:5:8). in this procedure, lps was precipitated from 90% phenol sequentially with water and acetone to yield lps-h2o (minute amounts) and lps-ac (major amounts), respectively. chemical analyses of the lps fractions revealed that in the o antigen of lps-h2o position c4 of the d-galactose was extensively glucosylated, corr ...19921279361
monoclonal antibodies against salmonella porins: generation and characterization.monoclonal antibodies (mabs) were generated against porins, one of the major outer membrane proteins of salmonella typhi. six clones, designated mp1, mp2, mp3 (igg2ak), mpn4, mpn6 (igg1k) and mpn5 (igg2bk) were characterized by enzyme immunoassay (elisa) for their reactivity to porins from s. typhi, salmonella paratyphi a, s. paratyphi b, s. paratyphi c, salmonella choleraesuis, salmonella enteritidis, salmonella krefeld, salmonella panama, salmonella typhimurium, escherichia coli b, shigella fl ...19921280248
pneumonia associated with salmonella choleraesuis infection in swine: 99 cases (1987-1990).salmonella choleraesuis was isolated in pure or mixed bacterial cultures from 153 swine necropsied between jan 1, 1987 and dec 31, 1990. pneumonia was seen in 99 of 109 swine from which this bacterium was isolated in the absence of other pathogenic bacteria. pneumonia was seen more frequently than hepatitis, splenomegaly, or colitis. pleuropneumonia that was grossly indistinguishable from the pleuropneumonia associated with actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae was seen in 29 of 99 swine from which s ...19921289347
[evaluation of household chemical disinfectants for vibrio cholerae el tor (non toxigenic strain)].the methodology of microbiological evaluation of disinfectants in permanently being questioned because the laboratorial protocols do not correspond to the real conditions under which these products are used. in 1985 the use-dilution method of aoac was adopted in brazil for microbiological qualification of chemical disinfectants for commercial purposes. domestic disinfectants are tested in this way against salmonella choleraesuis and staphylococcus aureus atcc strains, was chosen for this evaluat ...19921342521
molecular analysis of a salmonella enterica group e1 rfb gene cluster: o antigen and the genetic basis of the major polymorphism.salmonella enterica is highly polymorphic for the o antigen, a surface polysaccharide that is subject to intense selection by the host immune system. this polymorphism is used for serotyping salmonella isolates. the genes encoding o antigen biosynthesis are located in the rfb gene cluster. we report here the cloning and sequence of the 19-kb rfb region from strain m32 (serovar anatum, group e1) and compare it with that of strain lt2 (serovar typhimurium, group b). genes for biosynthetic pathways ...19921372579
cloning and structure of group c1 o antigen (rfb gene cluster) from salmonella enterica serovar montevideo.the salmonella enterica group c1 o antigen structure has a man-man-man-man-glcnac backbone with a glucose branch, which differs from the s. enterica group b o antigen structure which has a man-rha-gal backbone with abequose as side-chain. we have cloned the group c1 rfb (o antigen) gene cluster from serovar montevideo strain m40, using a low-copy-number cosmid vector. the restriction map of the group c1 (m40) rfb gene cluster was compared with that of group b strain lt2 by southern hybridization ...19921373435
molecular analysis of the rfb gene cluster of salmonella serovar muenchen (strain m67): the genetic basis of the polymorphism between groups c2 and b.the rfb (o antigen) gene cluster of group c2 salmonella differs from that of group b in a central region of 12.4 kb: we report the sequencing of this region of strain m67 (group c2) and a subsequent comparison with the central region of strain lt2 (group b). we find a block of seven open reading frames unique to group c2 which encode the o antigen polymerase (rfc) and the transferases responsible for assembly of the group c2 o antigen. the remaining rfb genes are common to strains m67 and lt2, b ...19921379320
bacterial motility is a colonization factor in experimental urinary tract infection.in an experimental urinary tract infection of the mouse, colonization of the urinary bladder by isogenic strains of salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium was found to depend on the motility of the bacteria. strains were obtained by genetic recombination between a highly motile o-6,7 and a poorly motile o-4,5,12 strain. the o antigen did not interfere with the colonization, whereas motility did; flagellated and motile o-6,7 and o-4,5,12 bacteria colonized the bladder equally well.19921379992
the role of o-antigen polysaccharide in the activation of neutrophils by lipopolysaccharides of salmonella species.activation of neutrophils by lipid a, o-antigen polysaccharides (ps) and smooth lipopolysaccharides (lps) isolated from salmonella choleraesuis (o-6,7) and salmonella typhimurium (o-4,5,12) was investigated. the methods used were assays for lysozyme release and for nitroblue tetrazolium (nbt) reduction which measures the level of oxidative metabolism of neutrophils. lps from both species stimulated neutrophils to the same extent in the presence of autologous plasma. in the absence of plasma only ...19921382904
sequence and structural analysis of the rfb (o antigen) gene cluster from a group c1 salmonella enterica strain.the rfb (o antigen) gene cluster of a group c1 salmonella enterica strain was sequenced; it comprised seven open reading frames which precisely replaced the 16 open reading frames of a group b strain. two genes of the mannose biosynthetic pathway were present: rfbk (phosphomannomutase) had a g+c content of 0.61 and had only 40% identity to rfbk of group b but was very similar to cpsg of the capsular polysaccharide pathway with 96% identity, whereas rfbm [guanosine diphosphomannose (gdp-man) pyro ...19921383393
induction of gamma/delta t cells in murine salmonellosis by an avirulent but not by a virulent strain of salmonella choleraesuis.to elucidate the relationship between the virulence of intracellular bacterium and its ability to induce gamma/delta t cells in the host during infection, we examined the differences in appearance of gamma/delta t cells in mice infected with salmonella choleraesuis virulent strain rf-1 carrying a virulence plasmid of 50 kb, and with avirulent strain 31n-1 cured of the 50-kb plasmid. the number of gamma/delta t cells in the peritoneal cavity was increased to a significant level on day 3 after an ...19921386870
[focal infections caused by non-typhi salmonella: a review of our case series and comparison with other series].nine cases of local infection due to non typhi salmonella enterica, some of them of unusual localization, in 8 patients (mean age 64.9 +/- 12.4 years) attended in zamora's virgen de la concha hospital over a period of five years, are described. focal salmonellosis represented 1.5% of non-typhi salmonellosis cases in that period (9 out of 606 detected cases). 6 of the 8 patients (75%) showed a predisposing disease. in two patients the previous existence of gastroenteritis due to salmonella was as ...19921386936
[molecular epidemiology of salmonella enterica poisoning: correlation of the serotype and protein profile and plasmid dna analysis].food-borne diseases nosocomial outbreaks due to salmonella enterica strains have a high incidence nowadays. we describe here an outbreak that occurred in july 1990 in the malaga university hospital, that only involves one shift of health care workers. salmonella enterica was detected in stool samples from hcw and a first analysis revealed the presence of two different antibiotic susceptibility patterns (resistotypes) among isolated strains. two months after the outbreak started, the cnvis (majad ...19921391014
characterization and protective properties of attenuated mutants of salmonella choleraesuis.we have constructed crp::tn10 and cya::tn10 salmonella choleraesuis mutants and their fusaric acid-resistant derivatives with deletions (delta) of the tn10 and adjacent dna sequences and found them to be avirulent and able to induce protection against a wild-type challenge in 8-week-old balb/c mice. mice survived infection with the crp and cya mutants at doses of more than 7 x 10(3) times the oral (p.o.) 50% lethal dose (ld50) and more than 8 x 10(2) times the intraperitoneal ld50 of the wild-ty ...19921398999
salmonella choleraesuis subsp. indica serovar bornheim causing urinary tract infection.an unusual salmonella species, s. choleraesuis subsp. indica serovar bornheim, was isolated from the urine of a patient with aplastic anemia, diabetes mellitus, and a healed urethral injury. an immune response to this isolate was demonstrated by whole-bacterial-cell agglutination.19921401026
isolation and characterization of the aada aminoglycoside-resistance gene from salmonella choleraesuis.the streptomycin- and spectinomycin-resistance gene of salmonella choleraesuis was cloned and its nucleotide sequence determined. the gene is 789 bases long, encoding a protein of a predicted size of 29,353 da. the gene product inactivated streptomycin and spectinomycin by an adenylation modification. it is homologous (c. 40% total identity) to streptomycin adenylyltransferase, a 3'(9)-o-nucleotidyltransferase (aad(3')(9)), which is encoded by the aada gene in escherichia coli, agrobacterium tum ...19921406282
invasion of enterocytes in cultured porcine small intestinal mucosal explants by salmonella choleraesuis.porcine small intestinal explants maintained in vitro were inoculated with salmonella choleraesuis to study the characteristics of its invasion of enterocytes. the explants were fixed at selected intervals for up to 12 hours after inoculation and examined by conventional light microscopy, immunoperoxidase staining, and transmission electron microscopy. although there was diffuse loss of villous enterocytes during the first hour of incubation, the villi were reepithelialized by the end of 2 hours ...19921416346
the role of 36 megadalton plasmid of salmonella enteritidis for the pathogenesis in mice.the pathogenesis associated with the 36 megadalton (md) plasmid of salmonella choleraesuis subsp. choleraesuis serovar enteritidis (s. enteritidis) was assessed by using the plasmid-containing strain al1190, plasmid-cured strain al1192, and plasmid-reintroduced strain al1193. after oral inoculation of strain al1190 or al1192 to c57bl/6 mice, mesenteric lymph nodes, spleens, and livers were examined for the numbers of viable bacteria and for the histopathological changes. the numbers of bacteria ...19921420563
monoclonal antibodies that detect live salmonellae.nine immunoglobulin g and nine immunoglobulin m murine monoclonal antibody-producing hybridomas reactive with live salmonella bacteria were obtained from several fusions of immune spleen cells and sp2/0 myeloma cells. the antibodies were selected by the magnetic immunoluminescence assay. the monoclonal antibodies were reactive with serogroups a, b, c1, c2, d, e, and k and salmonella choleraesuis subsp. diarizonae. each monoclonal antibody proved to be reactive with a distinct serotype. clinical ...19921476430
effect of 50 kilobase-plasmid, pkdsc50, of salmonella choleraesuis rf-1 strain on pig septicemia.salmonella choleraesuis strains with and without 50-kilobase plasmid (pkdsc50) were intravenously inoculated into yorkshire pigs. by the inoculation of 7.2 x 10(5) - 3.5 x 10(7) cells, rf-1 strain with pkdsc50, but not 31n-1 strain without the plasmid, caused a septicemia. the inoculation of 8.7 x 10(9) rf-1 cells killed pigs at 2-4 day postinfection with severe hemorrhage on the whole body. pigs with a similar number of 31n-1 cells (8.3 x 10(9) cells), showed milder hemorrhage, and they died at ...19921477166
molecular typing of salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar wien by rrna gene restriction patterns.analysis of digested dna from 40 salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar wien isolates revealed five different rrna gene restriction patterns for hindiii (h1 to h5) and five for psti (p1 to p5). the isolates had been selected on the basis of the year of isolation, the geographic origin and the antibiotic resistance pattern and were distinguished as follows: a) 13 pre-epidemic isolates from different french towns in 1958-69 and from senegal in 1968; b) 7 epidemic isolates from algiers in 1969 ...19921488554
[increase in the incidence of the typhimurium serotype of salmonella enterica (i) versus the classic enteritidis serotype]. 19921489802
[detection of enterotoxin production in bovine salmonella isolates].54 salmonella-strains (7 serovars) of bovine origin isolated from faecal samples, rectal swabs as well as from organs of emergency-slaughtered or dead animals were tested for enterotoxin production (heat-labile and heat-stable) in rabbit-ileal-loop-assay (rilt), skin-permeability-factor-test (hpt), cho- and y1-cell-culture-assay and in baby-mouse-test (bmt). the cell-free supernatants (cfs) were used in the tests. the y1-cells did not respond to the salmonella toxins. while the rilt was suitable ...19921497581
phosphatidylserine found in intestinal mucus serves as a sole source of carbon and nitrogen for salmonellae and escherichia coli.salmonella choleraesuis (a pig pathogen), salmonella typhimurium (a virulent strain in mice), and three strains of escherichia coli (including a human enterohemorrhagic strain, a human urinary tract isolate, and a human fecal isolate) grew as well in vitro utilizing the lipids derived from mouse cecal mucus as the sole source of carbon and nitrogen as they did in mouse crude cecal mucus. further analysis of the total lipid extracts of mucus dialysates showed that the acidic lipid fraction suppor ...19921500206
characterization of a salmonella choleraesuis isolate after repeated neutrophil exposure.salmonella choleraesuis strain 38 (glycerol-positive fermentation) was repeatedly exposed to porcine neutrophils in an attempt to mimic in vivo conditions of the host immune system. after phagocytosis, viable intracellular s choleraesuis were isolated and the process was repeated at least 5 times. a fifth-passage strain-38 neutrophil-adapted clone, 38pmna-5x, was isolated, and was compared with the parent wild-type strain 38 for changes. strain 38pmna-5x had increased resistance to killing by hy ...19921510308
in vivo isolation of salmonella choleraesuis from porcine neutrophils.seventy-five pigs from 4 facilities were examined for salmonella choleraesuis by use of bacteriologic culture of feces, blood, wbc (buffy coat), mononuclear leukocytes, and neutrophils. the organism was isolated from 0 of 75 fecal samples, compared with isolation from 39 of 75 purified neutrophil preparations. of the pigs that did not have salmonella isolated from feces or blood, but had s choleraesuis isolated from neutrophils, 6 were further examined. these pigs from 2 groups again had culture ...19921510309
plasmid profile analysis, phage typing, and antibiotic sensitivity of salmonella dublin from clinical isolates in the united states.one hundred clinical isolates of salmonella choleraesuis subsp. choleraesuis serovar dublin (salmonella dublin) were examined for phage sensitivity, antibiotic resistance patterns, and plasmid content. computer analysis of the lysis patterns observed by using 27 typing phages divided the s. dublin isolates into 26 groups. one lytic pattern (designated pattern 16) contained 52% of the isolates examined whereas 16 isolates had unique patterns, and nine patterns had fewer than ten members. although ...19921514237
salmonella enterica: infection, cross infection and persistence within the environment of a broiler parent stock unit in denmark.a total of three hundred and ninety nine isolates of salmonella enterica were recovered from 3106 cloacal swab cultures, chicken carcasses and environmental samples taken from a broiler breeding farm over six successive generations. s. enterica serovars berta (s. berta), 4,12:b:-, taksony, binza and typhimurium were identified. one hundred and seventy one strains of s. berta were analysed by plasmid profiling to determine the epidemiological relationships between isolates from each generation an ...19921520963
non-tropical pyomyositis caused by salmonella enterica enterica in an immunocompetent patient. 19921526245
enzymatic synthesis and isolation of thymidine diphosphate-6-deoxy-d-xylo-4-hexulose and thymidine diphosphate-l-rhamnose. production using cloned gene products and separation by hplc.a two-step enzymatic synthesis of dtdp-l-rhamnose is developed using enzymes from sonicated extracts of cultures of escherichia coli k12 strains harboring plasmids containing different parts of the rfb gene cluster of salmonella enterica lt2. the intermediate dtdp-6-deoxy-d-xylo-4-hexulose was isolated after a 1-h reaction, using only dtdp-d-glucose and dtdp-d-glucose 4,6-dehydratase, followed by protein precipitation and desalting by gel chromatography (yield 89%). in a two-step reaction using ...19921541269
anti-ifn-gamma-treated mice--a model for testing safety of live salmonella vaccines.salmonella enterica serovars typhimurium and enteritidis are facultative intracellular pathogens which cause in mice a disease similar to human typhoid fever caused by serovar typhi. an essential phase in the infection process is bacterial replication inside cells of the liver and spleen; the rate of replication is restricted by interferon-gamma (ifn-gamma) produced early in the infection. in the present study the effect of ifn-gamma was neutralized in vivo with monoclonal antibody and the fate ...19921561831
plasmid profiles as an epidemiological marker in salmonella enterica serovar berta infections. comparison of isolates obtained from humans and poultry.plasmid profiles of 674 salmonella berta strains isolated in the period 1985-1989 from 674 cases of human infections were recorded. five hundred and eighty-nine of the strains examined (87.4%) contained plasmids and the mean number of plasmids was 1.8 per strain. sixteen different plasmid sizes were recognized, 13 of which had also been reported from s. berta of poultry origin. the plasmids formed 90 different profiles. forty-five of these profiles, comprising 90.7% of isolates, had previously b ...19921562315
separation and characterization of two chemically distinct lipopolysaccharides in two pectinatus species.lipopolysaccharides (lps) from the type strains of the anaerobic beer spoilage bacteria pectinatus cerevisiiphilus and p. frisingensis were extracted with the 5:5:8 volume ratio modification of the phenolchloroform-petroleum ether method (h. brade and c. galanos, eur. j. biochem. 122:233-237, 1982). sequential precipitations of lps with water and acetone from the phenol phase yielded lps which differed in that water-precipitable material (lps-h2o; 0.1 to 0.4% of the dry weight of the cells) was ...19921577699
biochemical and molecular characterization of salmonella enterica serovar berta, and comparison of methods for typing.strains of salmonella enterica serovar berta (s. berta) from denmark and seven other countries have been characterized with the aim of developing a rational typing strategy in connection with outbreak investigations. biotyping divided the strains into h2s-positive (90%) and h2s-negative (10%) biovars. six percent of the strains were resistant to one or more antimicrobial agents. eighty-eight percent of the strains carried plasmids and 52 different plasmid profiles were recognized. six of the com ...19921582467
a comparison of virulent and avirulent strains of salmonella choleraesuis and their ability to invade vero cell monolayers.the mechanisms of invasion used by virulent and avirulent salmonella choleraesuis were compared using a vero cell invasion assay. mouse virulent s. choleraesuis strain 38 and avirulent strain 9 were examined for their ability to invade and survive in vero cells. the assay was performed by s. choleraesuis infection of the vero cell monolayer alone and in the presence of various treatments applied to the vero cell monolayers. intracellular s. choleraesuis colony forming units were then counted to ...19921585627
safety and efficacy of an attenuated strain of salmonella choleraesuis for vaccination of swine.the purpose of this study was to determine the safety and efficacy of a live salmonella choleraesuis immunizing strain, obtained by repeated ingestion and recovery through porcine neutrophils. the strain was tested in mice and in pigs. the vaccine was safe and effective in controlled experimental trials, using clinical, pathologic, and microbiologic criteria. vaccinated pigs were able to maintain normal weight gains during the 4-week observation period following challenge inoculation with a high ...19921586010
salmonella choleraesuis and salmonella typhimurium associated with liver cells after intravenous inoculation of rats are localized mainly in kupffer cells and multiply intracellularly.male sprague-dawley rats were inoculated intravenously with salmonella choleraesuis or salmonella typhimurium and used over 3 consecutive days to produce highly enriched (greater than 95% homogenous) preparations of kupffer and mononuclear cells (kc), liver endothelial cells (lec), and hepatocytes. the methods involved collagenase perfusion of the liver in situ, differential centrifugation of liver cells over a percoll gradient, and selective attachment of the cells to plastic or to culture dish ...19921612743
plasmid-mediated serum resistance in salmonella enterica.the ability of salmonella enterica to survive an incubation of 2 h in fresh, pooled guinea-pig serum was determined comparing strain sets of serovariants dublin and typhimurium, harbouring or lacking the virulence plasmid. all strains showed marked serum resistance, which was slightly decreased among cured strains of typhimurium. however, when introduced into a rough escherichia coli strain, all typhimurium plasmids substantially increased the resistance of the host strain to guinea-pig serum, w ...19921614332
acid adaptation promotes survival of salmonella spp. in cheese.salmonella typhimurium was adapted to acid by exposure to hydrochloric acid at ph 5.8 for one to two doublings. acid-adapted cells had increased resistance to inactivation by organic acids commonly present in cheese, including lactic, propionic, and acetic acids. recovery of cells during the treatment with organic acids was increased 1,000-fold by inclusion of 0.1% sodium pyruvate in the recovery medium. acid-adapted s. typhimurium cells survived better than nonadapted cells during a milk fermen ...19921622286
[antimicrobial resistance in strains of salmonella enterica isolated in the hospital de basurto (bilbao) from 1987 to 1990].rate development of antimicrobial resistance of salmonella strains in hospital basurto of bilbao from 1987 to 1990 and to study their resistance mechanism.19921643144
plasmid profiles of salmonella enterica serovar berta isolated from broilers in denmark.salmonella enterica serovar berta was isolated for the first time in denmark in october 1984. this serovar has subsequently become endemic in the broiler industry. plasmid profile analysis of 610 strains of s. berta isolated from broilers and broiler parent stock in the period october 1984 to july 1989 showed that plasmids were present in 85.7% of strains investigated, with a mean of 1.8 plasmids per strain. a significant increase in the mean number of plasmids per strain was seen during the obs ...19911648932
presumptive identification of salmonella enterica using two rapid tests.two rapid test for early detection of salmonella enterica, the cytochrome oxidase test and a fluorescence test, were evaluated in 1,200 colonies which had been isolated from human feces and cultured on macconkey and salmonella-shigella media. using the fluorescence test there were no false negative results (sensitivity 100%) and of 205 positive cases 62 did not correspond biochemically to salmonella (specificity 94.1%); 44 of these 62 were positive in the cytochrome oxidase test, raising the spe ...19911660809
prevention of travellers' diarrhoea by oral b-subunit/whole-cell cholera vaccine.b-subunit/whole-cell cholera vaccine (bs-wc) has been shown to give bangladeshi mothers and children only 3 months' protection against severe diarrhoea due to enterotoxigenic escherichia coli (etec). since a long-lasting effect is not necessary for protection against travellers' diarrhoea, a prospective double-blind study was conducted among tourists who went to morocco from finland. 307 tourists received two oral doses of bs-wc, whereas 308 controls received a placebo before departure. a resear ...19911682684
salmonella choleraesuis strains deficient in o antigen remain fully virulent for mice by parenteral inoculation but are avirulent by oral administration.o-antigen-deficient derivatives of two mouse-virulent strains of salmonella choleraesuis (serogroup c1; o-6,7) were constructed by transduction of a long deletion of the rfb operon. strains sn36 and sn57 were derived from the smooth ancestor sl2824, while sn37 was derived from the smooth ancestor sl2840. these rfb deletion derivatives (rfb strains) had typical bacteriophage sensitivity patterns of "rough" salmonella strains and were at least 200,000 times more sensitive to serum than their smoot ...19901695204
antigenic relationship of hanseniaspora and kloeckera with escherichia coli (o: 75, o: 163), salmonella cholerae-suis (o: 6(2), 7), salmonella aberdeen (o: 11) o antigens. 19901698062
the antigenic relationship between salmonella cholerae suis (211) and salmonella aberdeen, escherichia coli (0 75, 0 163) o antigens. brief report. 19901699559
lysogenization of salmonella choleraesuis by phage 14 increases average length of o-antigen chains, serum resistance and intraperitoneal mouse virulence.three clones from a strain of salmonella choleraesuis (serogroup c1) were lysogenized with phage 14 (p14) which converts the o-antigen of serogroup c1 salmonellae from o-6,7 to o-6,7,14. the lysogens were compared with their parental non-lysogenic clones with respect to the following properties: average length of o-antigen polysaccharide chains, sensitivity to normal human serum, and mouse-virulence. sds-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis of lipopolysaccharides extracted from these bacteria show ...19901702502
properties of a rat monoclonal antibody reactive with both the mannan of candida species and the o-antigen 6,7 polysaccharide of serogroup c1 salmonellae.monoclonal antibody masc1-mr9 of isotype immunoglobulin m was generated in lou/c rats by immunization with heat-killed salmonella thompson (serogroup c1, o-antigen 6,7 lipopolysaccharide) bacteria which had been further enriched for o-antigen by coating with homologous lipopolysaccharide. eight monoclonal antibodies were selected by screening against the lipopolysaccharide of s. thompson. in a subsequent test against candida mannan, only one antibody, masc1-mr9, was reactive. immunofluorescence ...19911702760
[the characteristics of the o-specific humoral immune response of mice vaccinated with salmonella choleraesuis antigens].the work deals with the results of the comparative enzyme immunoassay (eia) of serum samples taken from (cba x c57bl/6) f1 mice immunized with o-specific polysaccharides, o-antigens (o-ag) obtained by boivin's method and antigenic preparations isolated with hydroxylamine (ha) from s. choleraesuis and s. typhimurium. o-ag and lipopolysaccharide (lps) of the corresponding bacterial species were used as antigens for the sensitization of polystyrene plates. the primary and secondary humoral immune r ...19901711262
the cps gene cluster of salmonella strain lt2 includes a second mannose pathway: sequence of two genes and relationship to genes in the rfb gene cluster.we report the presence in salmonella enterica strain lt2 (serovar thyphimurium) of duplicate genes for two steps in the synthesis of gdp-mannose. the previously known genes, rfbk (phosphomannomutase) and rfbm (mannose-1-phosphate guanyltransferase), are part of the gene cluster for the o antigen. the two new genes, cpsb and cpsg, respectively, are thought to be part of the gene cluster for the m antigen capsular polysaccharide, present in many enterobacteriaceae. the two genes have been sequence ...19911712067
lack of the alpha-1,2-linked n-acetyl-d-glucosamine epitope in the outer core structures of lipopolysaccharides from certain o serogroups and subspecies of salmonella enterica.a total of 176 strains of salmonella enterica representing 116 serotypes were tested for the presence of the t6 epitope of the alpha-1,2-linked n-acetyl-d-glucosamine residue by reaction with a murine monoclonal antibody t6 specific for this structure in the salmonella ra core lipopolysaccharide (lps). all 20 serotypes (70 strains) belonging to serogroups a to e were positive for the t6 epitope while 29% of the 96 serotypes (106 strains) belonging to o serogroups f to 67 were negative; 12 seroty ...19911719590
molecular cloning and expression in escherichia coli k-12 of the rfb gene cluster determining the o antigen of an e. coli o111 strain.the o antigen of escherichia coli o111 is identical in structure to that of salmonella enterica serovar adelaide. another o-antigen structure, similar to that of e. coli o111 and s. enterica serovar adelaide is found in both e. coli o55 and s. enterica serovar greenside. both o-antigen structures contain colitose, a 3,6 dideoxyhexose found only rarely in the enterobacteriaceae. the o-antigen structure is determined by genes generally located in the rfb gene cluster. we cloned the rfb gene cluste ...19911722559
molecular cloning and genetic characterization of the rfb region from yersinia pseudotuberculosis serogroup iia, which determines the formation of the 3,6-dideoxyhexose abequose.the rfb region of yersinia pseudotuberculosis serogroup iia has been cloned and expression of o antigen in escherichia coli k12 was demonstrated. transposon mutagenesis analysis confined the dna region required for o antigen expression to a 19.3 kb fragment, and the o antigen expressed was visualized by sds-page and silver staining. southern hybridization analysis demonstrated significant levels of similarity between the yersinia rfb region and the 3,6-dideoxyhexose pathway genes rfbf and rfbg, ...19911724263
epidemiological evaluation by rrna-dna hybridization of strains of salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar abortusovis isolated in southern italy in the years 1981-1989.salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar abortusovis is a major agent of abortion of the sheep and is firmly established, although at low prevalence, in sicily. this paper describes the application rdna gene restriction pattern fingerprinting to investigate relatedness among 7 serovar abortusovis strains isolated at the "istituto zooprofilattico sperimentale" of sicily and 29 isolates identified at the southern italy centre of enterobacteriaceae between 1981 and 1989. although abortusovis ser ...19911727022
seasonal variation in etiology of travelers' diarrhea. finnish-moroccan study group.the etiology of travelers' diarrhea was studied in 579 adult finnish tourists participating in two packaged tours to morocco in the winter (n = 233) and fall (n = 346) of 1989. a research team accompanied the travelers, and a laboratory for enteric pathogens was established in agadir. at least one pathogen was found in 62% of the 60 diarrhea cases in winter and in 58% of the 111 diarrhea cases in fall. multiple pathogens were found less often in winter (8%) than in fall (21%, p less than .05). c ...19921730905
the role of the o antigen in adjuvant activity of lipopolysaccharide.adjuvant activities of isogenic salmonella enterica, serovar typhimurium, o-6,7 and o-4,5,12 lipopolysaccharide (lps), lipid a and bordetella pertussis lps were compared by immunizing groups of mice subcutaneously with diphtheria and tetanus toxoid vaccine alone or mixed with one of the lps derivatives. five weeks later the mice were bled and the tetanus and diphtheria antibodies in the sera were measured. all the lps derivatives efficiently increased the antibody responses when compared to the ...19911778421
salmonella enterica subspecies diarizonae bacteremia in an infant with enteritis--a case report.the septicemia caused by the arizona group organism is rare and usually observed in adults with underlying diseases. in korea, salmonella infection is common, but a report of arizona infection is unknown. we isolated s. entercia subsp. diarizonae from blood of a 6-month-old infant. the serovar was determined as 28:z10:-, a rare one in america. the isolate was susceptible to ampicillin, chloramphenicol, cotrimoxazole and others. the patient rapidly recovered with ampicillin and gentamicin therapy ...19911781188
positive regulator for the expression of mba protein of the virulence plasmid, pkdsc50, of salmonella choleraesuis.a positive regulator was identified within a 2.3 kb fragment of the 6.4 kb mouse bacteremia region (mba region) of the virulence pkdsc50 plasmid of salmonella choleraesuis. sodium dodecyl sulphate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis showed that escherichia coli k-12 carrying the recombinant plasmids of the 2.3 kb fragment produced mba1 protein with a molecular mass of 32 kda. the recombinant plasmids carrying a 4.1 kb fragment, the other part of 6.4 kb region, produced mba2 (32 kda), mba3 (70 kda ...19911795622
relevance of inoculation route to virulence of three salmonella spp. strains in mice.the virulence of three salmonella species strains was compared by the i.p. and i.v. routes in balb/c mice. salmonella choleraesuis, sl2824 (serogroup c1, o-6,7), was more virulent by the i.v. than i.p. route. a strain of s. typhimurium, sl1260 (serogroup b; o-1,4,12) was more virulent i.p. than i.v. while another strain, sl3201 (o-4,5,12) was equally virulent i.p. or i.v. the ld50 of each strain by either route correlated with the number of bacteria in the liver and spleen on day one after inocu ...19911795625
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