Publications

TitleAbstractYear
Filter
PMID
Filter
the epizootiology of anatid herpesvirus 1 infection in free-flying waterfowl: a comparison of latent and active infections among native waterfowl, captive-reared released ducks, and peridomestic or feral ducks.the epizootiology of anatid herpesvirus 1 (ahv-1) infection in waterfowl is poorly understood but apparently involves persistence of the virus in latently infected birds. epornitics have often occurred in captive waterfowl or semiwild ducks in parklike settings, and many wildlife professionals conclude that such ducks may be the source of infection for wild waterfowl. we assessed the prevalence of latent infection and viral shedding from four groups of waterfowl: naturally occurring populations ...201323778596
a single dose of an avian h3n8 influenza virus vaccine is highly immunogenic and efficacious against a recently emerged seal influenza virus in mice and ferrets.h3n8 influenza viruses are a commonly found subtype in wild birds, usually causing mild or no disease in infected birds. however, they have crossed the species barrier and have been associated with outbreaks in dogs, pigs, donkeys, and seals and therefore pose a threat to humans. a live attenuated, cold-adapted (ca) h3n8 vaccine virus was generated by reverse genetics using the wild-type (wt) hemagglutinin (ha) and neuraminidase (na) genes from the a/blue-winged teal/texas/sg-00079/2007 (h3n8) ( ...201525903333
identification of type a influenza viruses from wild birds on the delmarva peninsula, 2007-10.wild waterfowl and shorebirds in the delaware-maryland-virginia (delmarva) peninsula region within the atlantic flyway were sampled as part of the early detection of highly pathogenic h5n1 avian influenza (ai) in wild migratory birds program. the u.s. department of agriculture (usda) and state wildlife agencies submitted 7858 samples for ai virus (aiv) testing by real-time reverse transcription pcr (rrt-pcr) to the university of delaware poultry health system from april 2007 to march 2011. virus ...201728301233
antibodies to h5 subtype avian influenza virus and japanese encephalitis virus in northern pintails (anas acuta) sampled in japan.blood samples from 105 northern pintails (anas acuta) captured on hokkaido, japan were tested for antibodies to avian influenza virus (aiv), japanese encephalitis virus (jev), and west nile virus (wnv) to assess possible involvement of this species in the spread of economically important and potentially zoonotic pathogens. antibodies to aiv were detected in 64 of 105 samples (61%). of the 64 positives, 95% and 81% inhibited agglutination of two different h5 aiv antigens (h5n1 and h5n9), respecti ...201324059097
surveillance of avian influenza viruses in migratory birds in egypt, 2003-09.migratory (particularly aquatic) birds are the major natural reservoirs for type a influenza viruses. however, their role in transmitting highly pathogenic avian influenza (hpai) viruses is unclear. egypt is a "funnel" zone of wild bird migration pathways from central asia and europe to eastern and central africa ending in south africa. we sought to detect and isolate avian influenza viruses in migratory birds in egypt. during september 2003-february 2009, the us naval medical research unit numb ...201222740532
h5n2 highly pathogenic avian influenza viruses from the us 2014-2015 outbreak have an unusually long pre-clinical period in turkeys.from december 2014 through june 2015, the us experienced the most costly highly pathogenic avian influenza (hpai) outbreak to date. most cases in commercial poultry were caused by an h5n2 strain which was a reassortant with 5 eurasian lineage genes, including a clade 2.3.4.4 goose/guangdong/1996 lineage hemagglutinin, and 3 genes from north american wild waterfowl low pathogenicity avian influenza viruses. the outbreak primarily affected turkeys and table-egg layer type chickens. three isolates ...201627876034
lessons from the largest epidemic of avian influenza viruses in taiwan, 2015.the largest epidemic of avian influenza (ai) in history attacked poultry and wild birds throughout taiwan starting january 6, 2015. this study analyzed surveillance results, epidemiologic characteristics, and viral sequences by using government-released information, with the intention to provide recommendations to minimize future pandemic influenza. the h5 clade 2.3.4.4 highly pathogenic ai viruses (hpaivs) had not been detected in taiwan before 2015. during this epidemic, four types of etiologi ...201627309051
dispersal of h9n2 influenza a viruses between east asia and north america by wild birds.samples were collected from wild birds in western alaska to assess dispersal of influenza a viruses between east asia and north america. two isolates shared nearly identical nucleotide identity at eight genomic segments with h9n2 viruses isolated from china and south korea providing evidence for intercontinental dispersal by migratory birds.201525827532
neospora caninum in wild waterfowl: occurrence of parasite dna and low antibody titers.thirty-five adult waterfowl (14 males and 21 females) representing various orders and species were sampled during the hunting season from 2015 to 2016. antibodies to neospora caninum were detected by ifat on blood samples, while heart and brain were subjected to molecular analysis for the detection of neospora caninum dna. twelve birds (34.3%) (6 anas crecca , 3 anas platyrhynchos , 2 anas penelope , 1 anas acuta ) showed antibodies versus n. caninum , while 10 animals out of 35 (4 a. crecca , 2 ...201727805842
surveillance and characterization of riemerella anatipestifer from wild birds in south korea.we conducted surveillance for riemerella anatipestifer (ra) in wild birds along the east asian-australasian flyway in south korea. detected ra were characterized by serotype, antibiotic susceptibility, and sequence analysis of the 16s rrna gene. we collected 944 wild birds of 34 species from 19 of south korea's major migratory wild bird habitats between 2011 and 2012. we identified ra by pcr and rrna gene sequence in 71/102 (69.6%) pharyngeal swabs and 19/944 (2.0%) cloacal swabs of wild birds. ...201525588012
survey for west nile virus antibodies in wild ducks, 2004-06, usa.detection of west nile virus (wnv) in ducks has been reported in north america in isolated cases of mortality in wild waterbirds and following outbreaks in farmed ducks. although the virus has been noted as an apparent incidental finding in several species of ducks, little is known about the prevalence of exposure or the outcome of infection with wnv in wild ducks in north america. from 2004-06, we collected sera from 1,406 wild-caught american wigeon ( anas americana ), mallard ( anas platyrhyn ...201626981693
modeling nonbreeding distributions of shorebirds and waterfowl in response to climate change.to identify areas on the landscape that may contribute to a robust network of conservation areas, we modeled the probabilities of occurrence of several en route migratory shorebirds and wintering waterfowl in the southern great plains of north america, including responses to changing climate. we predominantly used data from the ebird citizen-science project to model probabilities of occurrence relative to land-use patterns, spatial distribution of wetlands, and climate. we projected models to po ...201728261460
projected influences of changes in weather severity on autumn-winter distributions of dabbling ducks in the mississippi and atlantic flyways during the twenty-first century.projected changes in the relative abundance and timing of autumn-winter migration are assessed for seven dabbling duck species across the mississippi and atlantic flyways for the mid- and late 21st century. species-specific observed relationships are established between cumulative weather severity in autumn-winter and duck population rate of change. dynamically downscaled projections of weather severity are developed using a high-resolution regional climate model, interactively coupled to a one- ...201627959911
mercury concentration in the feathers of birds from various trophic levels in fereydunkenar international wetland (iran).mercury (hg) is one of the main global pollutants that may biomagnify in food nets, especially in wetlands. birds may be useful in the biomonitoring of hg in such habitats and may even serve in vivo samples. this paper examined hg concentration in the feathers of seven bird species foraging on fereydunkenar international wetland (in 2013). mean hg concentrations found ranged from 0.005 ± 0.002 μg g(-1) d.w. (dry weight) (common hoopoe) to 0.38 ± 0.047 μg g(-1) d.w. (greylag goose). significant d ...201627838877
identification of migratory bird flyways in north america using community detection on biological networks.migratory behavior of waterfowl populations in north america has traditionally been broadly characterized by four north-south flyways, and these flyways have been central to the management of waterfowl populations for more than 80 yr. however, previous flyway characterizations are not easily updated with current bird movement data and fail to provide assessments of the importance of specific geographical regions to the identification of flyways. here, we developed a network model of migratory mo ...201627411247
six, not two, species of acisoma pintail dragonfly (odonata: libellulidae).the dragonfly genus acisoma is revised based on adult male morphology and coi sequence data. six species are recognised, including the new species a. attenboroughi sp. nov. diagnoses and a key to males of all species and illustrations of all relevant characters are provided. a. inflatum, a. variegatum and a. trifidum are confined to continental africa, while a. panorpoides is restricted to asia. a. ascalaphoides is known only from threatened littoral forest fragments on the east coast of madagas ...201627394858
waterfowl endozoochory: an overlooked long-distance dispersal mode for cuscuta (dodder).dispersal of parasitic cuscuta species (dodders) worldwide has been assumed to be largely anthropomorphic because their seeds do not match any previously known dispersal syndrome and no natural dispersal vectors have been reliably documented. however, the genus has a subcosmopolitan distribution and recent phylogeographic results have indicated that at least18 historical cases of long-distance dispersal (ldd) have occurred during its evolution. the objective of this study is to report the first ...201627208362
trace element concentrations in feathers of five anseriformes in the south of the caspian sea, iran.birds are susceptible to environmental changes, which make them particularly important as indicators of environmental contamination, including metal concentrations. in the present study, the concentrations of arsenic (as), cadmium (cd), chromium (cr), iron (fe), lead (pb), manganese (mn), nickel (ni), and zinc (zn) in the tail and flight feathers of greylag goose, mallard, pintail, pochard, and wigeon were investigated from the south of the caspian sea in iran by the electrothermal atomic absorp ...201626661958
shot ingestion by wintering female northern pintails (anas acuta) in the texas coastal plain, 2012-14.historically, lead poisoning through lead shot ingestion was one of the largest health issues affecting waterfowl in north america. lead shot was banned for use in waterfowl hunting in the us in 1991 and was banned in canada in 1997. however, biologists need to understand how, and if, lead shot remaining in the environment will continue to impact waterfowl. our goal was to estimate lead and nontoxic shot consumption by female northern pintails (anas acuta) wintering along the texas coast. we fou ...201626555108
exploratory behavior is associated with plasma carotenoid accumulation in two congeneric species of waterfowl.recently, carotenoid pigments have received considerable attention as modulators of animal health and performance. while studies show that elevated carotenoid intake and accumulation can influence activities like parental care and escape-flight performance, little is known of how carotenoid status influences the expression of animal personality traits, which can be energy-demanding and entail survival costs but also rewarding in the context of foraging and mating. we experimentally investigated ...201525898784
changes in the timing of departure and arrival of irish migrant waterbirds.there have been many recent reports across europe and north america of a change in the timing of arrival and departure of a range of migrant bird species to their breeding grounds. these studies have focused primarily on passerine birds and climate warming has been found to be one of the main drivers of earlier arrival and departure in spring. in ireland, rising spring temperature has been shown to result in the earlier arrival of sub-saharan passerine species and the early departure of the whoo ...201525653907
avian influenza virus prevalence in migratory waterfowl in the united states, 2007-2009.we analyzed 155,535 samples collected for surveillance of avian influenza viruses (aivs), in the united states from 2007 to 2009, from migratory waterfowl (ducks, geese, and swans). the goal was to elucidate patterns of prevalence by flyway and functional groups to determine targets for future surveillance. apparent prevalence of aiv was highest in the pacific flyway in 2007-2008 (14.2% and 14.1%, respectively), in the mississippi flyway in 2009 (16.8%), and lowest each year in the atlantic flyw ...201425618997
evaluation of blood and muscle tissues for molecular detection and characterization of hematozoa infections in northern pintails (anas acuta) wintering in california.information on the molecular detection of hematozoa from different tissue types and multiple years would be useful to inform sample collection efforts and interpret results of meta-analyses or investigations spanning multiple seasons. in this study, we tested blood and muscle tissue collected from northern pintails (anas acuta) during autumn and winter of different years to evaluate prevalence and genetic diversity of leucocytozoon, haemoproteus, and plasmodium infections in this abundant waterf ...201324533322
gene flow and hybridization between numerically imbalanced populations of two duck species on the subantarctic island of south georgia.hybridization is common between species of animals, particularly in waterfowl (anatidae). one factor shown to promote hybridization is restricted mate choice, which can occur when 2 species occur in sympatry but one is rare. according to the hubbs principle, or "desperation hypothesis," the rarer species is more likely to mate with heterospecifics. we report the second of 2 independent examples of hybridization between 2 species of ducks inhabiting island ecosystems in the subantarctic and south ...201324367536
mitochondrial genome of the anas acuta (anatidae: anas).the northern pintail (anas acuta) is a common large duck with widely geographic distribution. in this study, the complete mitochondrial genome of a. acuta (16,599 bp in length) was been analyzed for building the database. similar to the typical mtdna of vertebrates, it contained 37 genes (13 protein-coding genes, 2 rrna genes and 22 trna genes) and a non-coding region (d-loop). all the genes in a. acuta were distributed on the h-strand, except for the nd6 subunit gene and 10 trna genes which wer ...201524047167
transcriptional analysis of the innate immune response of ducks to different species-of-origin low pathogenic h7 avian influenza viruses.wild waterfowl, including ducks, represent the classic reservoir for low pathogenicity avian influenza (lpai) viruses and play a major role in the worldwide dissemination of aiv. aivs belonging to the hemagglutinin (h) 7 subtype are of epidemiological and economic importance due to their potential to mutate into a highly pathogenic form of the virus. thus far, however, relatively little work has been conducted on elucidating the host-pathogen interactions of ducks and h7 lpaivs. in the current s ...201323521892
primary feather follicle ablation in common pintails (anas acuta acuta) and a white-faced whistling duck (dendrocygna viduata).eight 1-yr-old common pintails (anas acuta acuta) and one 2-yr-old white-faced whistling duck (dendrocygna viduata) were presented for the persistence of primary flight feathers 1 yr after pinioning. the birds were housed outdoors in an open enclosure necessitating flight prevention. the birds were placed under general anesthesia, and a diode laser was used to ablate the primary feather follicles of the previously pinioned wing. swelling was the most common side effect seen in seven out of nine ...201222779239
decipher, a search-based approach to chimera identification for 16s rrna sequences.decipher is a new method for finding 16s rrna chimeric sequences by the use of a search-based approach. the method is based upon detecting short fragments that are uncommon in the phylogenetic group where a query sequence is classified but frequently found in another phylogenetic group. the algorithm was calibrated for full sequences (fs_decipher) and short sequences (ss_decipher) and benchmarked against wigeon (pintail), chimeraslayer, and uchime using artificially generated chimeras. overall, ...201222101057
avian influenza at both ends of a migratory flyway: characterizing viral genomic diversity to optimize surveillance plans for north america.although continental populations of avian influenza viruses are genetically distinct, transcontinental reassortment in low pathogenic avian influenza (lpai) viruses has been detected in migratory birds. thus, genomic analyses of lpai viruses could serve as an approach to prioritize species and regions targeted by north american surveillance activities for foreign origin highly pathogenic avian influenza (hpai). to assess the applicability of this approach, we conducted a phylogenetic and populat ...200925567891
lead shot pellets in the ebro delta, spain: densities in sediments and prevalence of exposure in waterfowl.lead (pb) poisoning has been found to be a serious problem for waterfowl in some southern european countries, but few studies have been conducted in spain. in order to obtain these data, studies were made in the ebro delta, a spanish ramsar site, during 1992 and 1993. lead shot densities in the first 20 cm of sediment ranged from < 8 900 to 2 661 000 shot ha(-1). a similar proportion of birds had lead shot in the gizzard and elevated liver lead (> 5 microg g(-1) dw) concentrations. northern pint ...199715093399
organochlorine insecticide residues in ducklings and their dilution by growth.residues of ddt, ddd, dde, and dieldrin in 7 species of ducklings from alberta, canada, were measured. levels of ddt and metabolites ranged from 0 to 36.48 ppm in fat of 96% of the birds and from 0 to 0.97 ppm im muscle from 67% of the birds. residue levels of dieldrin ranged from 0 to 2.62 ppm in fat and from 0 to 0.11 ppm in muscle of 43 and 19% of the birds, respectively. growth dilution was considered to be the most significant factor in reducing the insecticide residue levels in the ducklin ...1976963316
mercury and selenium in livers of waterfowl harvested in northern canada.total mercury and selenium were measured in livers of green-winged teal, northern pintails, buffleheads, king eiders, barrow's and common goldeneyes, surf and white-winged scoters collected from 12 sites across northern canada between 1988 and 1994. hepatic mercury concentrations were <1.0 mg x kg(-1) ww in 80% of the birds analyzed. mercury levels did not vary much among species, with green-winged teal, northern pintails, and white-winged scoters, in particular, generally having quite low level ...200616170446
stockpiled pre-pandemic h5n1 influenza virus vaccines with as03 adjuvant provide cross-protection from h5n2 clade 2.3.4.4 virus challenge in ferrets.avian influenza viruses, notably h5 subtype viruses, pose a continuous threat to public health due to their pandemic potential. in recent years, influenza virus h5 subtype split vaccines with novel oil-in-water emulsion based adjuvants (e.g. as03, mf59) have been shown to be safe, immunogenic, and able to induce broad immune responses in clinical trials, providing strong scientific support for vaccine stockpiling. however, whether such vaccines can provide protection from infection with emerging ...201728554058
the pathogenesis of clade 2.3.4.4 h5 highly pathogenic avian influenza viruses in ruddy duck (oxyura jamaicensis) and lesser scaup (aythya affinis).waterfowl are the natural hosts of avian influenza virus (aiv) and disseminate the virus worldwide through migration. historically, surveillance and research efforts for aiv in waterfowl have focused on dabbling ducks. the role of diving ducks in aiv ecology has not been well characterized. in this study, we examined the relative susceptibility and pathogenicity of clade 2.3.4.4 h5 highly pathogenic (hp) aiv (hpaiv) in two species of diving ducks. juvenile and adult ruddy duck (oxyura jamaicensi ...201728513330
characterizing the temporal patterns of avian influenza virus introduction into japan by migratory birds.the objectives of the present study were to observe the temporal pattern of avian influenza virus (aiv) introduction into japan and to determine which migratory birds play an important role in introducing aiv. in total, 19,407 fecal samples from migratory birds were collected at 52 sites between october 2008 and may 2015. total nucleic acids extracted from the fecal samples were subjected to reverse transcription loop-mediated isothermal amplification to detect viral rna. species identification ...201728484128
temporary removal: homologous and heterologous antigenic matched vaccines containing different h5 hemagglutinins provide variable protection of chickens from the 2014 u.s. h5n8 and h5n2 clade 2.3.4.4 highly pathogenic avian influenza viruses.the publisher regrets that this article has been temporarily removed. a replacement will appear as soon as possible in which the reason for the removal of the article will be specified, or the article will be reinstated. the full elsevier policy on article withdrawal can be found at https://www.elsevier.com/about/our-business/policies/article-withdrawal.201728456525
prevalence and potential risk of salmonella enterica in migratory birds from south korea.salmonella is a type of zoonotic bacteria that represents an economic and public health concern worldwide. difficulties in sample collection from migratory birds mean little is known about their importance as a reservoir of salmonella. the present study evaluated the prevalence and potential risk of salmonella enterica in migratory birds. from 2012-2017, 3661 cloacal swabs from migratory birds were collected in south korea and tested to isolate s. enterica. strains were tested for antimicrobial ...202032980630
meteorological factors affecting the risk of transmission of hpai in miyazaki, japan.highly pathogenic avian influenza (hpai) outbreaks engender a severe economic impact on the poultry industry and public health. migratory waterfowl are considered the natural hosts of hpai virus, and hpai viruses are known to be transmitted over long distances during seasonal bird migration. bird migration is greatly affected by the weather. many studies have shown the relationship between either autumn or spring bird migration and climate. however, few studies have shown the relationship betwee ...201931565229
waterbird counts on large water bodies: comparing ground and aerial methods during different ice conditions.the aerial and ground methods of counting birds in a coastal area during different ice conditions were compared. ice coverage of water was an important factor affecting the results of the two methods. when the water was ice-free, more birds were counted from the ground, whereas during ice conditions, higher numbers were obtained from the air. the first group of waterbirds with the smallest difference between the two methods (average 6%) contained seven species: mute swan cygnus olor, whooper swa ...201830038859
the association between saα2,3gal occurrence frequency and avian influenza viral load in mallards (anas platyrhynchos) and blue-winged teals (spatula discors).individual heterogeneity in pathogen load can affect disease transmission dynamics; therefore, identifying intrinsic factors responsible for variation in pathogen load is necessary for determining which individuals are prone to be most infectious. because low pathogenic avian influenza viruses (lpaiv) preferentially bind to alpha-2,3 sialic acid receptors (saα2,3gal) in the intestines and bursa of fabricius in wild ducks (anas and spatula spp.), we investigated juvenile mallards (anas platyrhync ...202033167978
clade 2.3.4.4 h5 north american highly pathogenic avian influenza viruses infect, but do not cause clinical signs in, american black ducks (anas rubripes).highly pathogenic avian influenza virus (hpaiv) from the goose/guangdong/1996 clade 2.3.4.4 h5 lineage spread from asia into north america in 2014, most likely by wild bird migrations. although several variants of the virus were detected, h5n8 and h5n2 were the most widespread in north american wild birds and domestic poultry. in early 2015, the h5n2 virus spread through commercial poultry in the midwest, and >50 million chickens and turkeys died or had to be culled. related h5 hpaivs are still ...201931251539
varied effects of dietary carotenoid supplementation on oxidative damage in tissues of two waterfowl species.carotenoids are regarded as a cornerstone of avian vitality and coloration. currently, the antioxidant potential of dietary carotenoids is debated for birds. although some studies support a protective role, others report either no effect or pro-oxidant effects. however, the majority of research on this topic has not analyzed the oxidative status of a series of tissues in animals nor considered a range of carotenoid dosages. we investigated the effects of three levels of carotenoid supplementatio ...201930794961
co-circulation of both low and highly pathogenic avian influenza h5 viruses in current poultry epidemics in taiwan.highly pathogenic avian influenza (hpai) a(h5) viruses belonging to clade 2.3.4.4c of the a/goose/guangdong/1/96-like (gs/gd) lineage caused severe global outbreaks in domestic birds from 2014 to 2015, that also represented the first incursions of gs/gd viruses into taiwan and the usa. however, few studies have investigated the circulation of clade 2.3.4.4c viruses after 2015. here, we describe gs/gd clade 2.3.4.4c and mexican-like h5n2 viruses that were isolated in taiwan during active surveill ...202032661493
viral shedding of clade 2.3.4.4 h5 highly pathogenic avian influenza a viruses by american robins.american robins (turdus migratorius) are commonly associated with farmsteads in the united states and have shown previous evidence of exposure to an h5 avian influenza a virus (iav) near a poultry production facility affected by a highly pathogenic (hp) h5 virus in iowa, usa during 2015. we experimentally infected american robins with three clade 2.3.4.4 hp h5 viruses (h5n2 and h5n8). a total of 22/24 american robins shed virus, and all three strains were represented. the highest virus titres sh ...201830014592
the pathogenesis of a north american h5n2 clade 2.3.4.4 group a highly pathogenic avian influenza virus in surf scoters (melanitta perspicillata).aquatic waterfowl, particularly those in the order anseriformes and charadriiformes, are the ecological reservoir of avian influenza viruses (aivs). dabbling ducks play a recognized role in the maintenance and transmission of aivs. furthermore, the pathogenesis of highly pathogenic aiv (hpaiv) in dabbling ducks is well characterized. in contrast, the role of diving ducks in hpaiv maintenance and transmission remains unclear. in this study, the pathogenesis of a north american a/goose/1/guangdong ...202032967673
recombinant hemagglutinin glycoproteins provide insight into binding to host cells by h5 influenza viruses in wild and domestic birds.clade 2.3.4.4, h5 subtype highly pathogenic avian influenza viruses (hpaivs) have caused devastating effects across wild and domestic bird populations. we investigated differences in the intensity and distribution of the hemagglutinin (ha) glycoprotein binding of a clade 2.3.4.4 h5 hpaiv compared to a h5 low pathogenic avian influenza virus (lpaiv). recombinant ha from gene sequences from a hpaiv, a/northern pintail/washington/40964/2014(h5n2) and a lpaiv, a/mallard/mn/410/2000(h5n2) were genera ...202032861143
the genome sequence of an h6n5 influenza a virus strain isolated from a northern pintail (anas acuta) sampled in alaska, usa, shares high identity with that of a south korean wild bird strain.we report the genome sequence of an h6n5 influenza a virus isolated from a northern pintail sampled in alaska in 2017. all segment sequences shared >99% nucleotide identity with those of a wild bird strain from south korea. this finding supports viral dispersal between east asia and north america by wild birds.202032817149
changes in climate and land use interact to create an ecological trap in a migratory species.anthropogenic landscape alteration and climate change can have multiscale and interrelated effects on ecological systems. such changes to the environment can disrupt the connection between habitat quality and the cues that species use to identify quality habitat, which can result in an ecological trap. ecological traps are typically difficult to identify without fine-scale information on individual survival and fitness, but this information is rarely available over large temporal and spatial sca ...202032271949
linking landscape-scale conservation to regional and continental outcomes for a migratory species.land-use intensification on arable land is expanding and posing a threat to biodiversity and ecosystem services worldwide. we develop methods to link funding for avian breeding habitat conservation and management at landscape scales to equilibrium abundance of a migratory species at the continental scale. we apply this novel approach to a harvested bird valued by birders and hunters in north america, the northern pintail duck (anas acuta), a species well below its population goal. based on empir ...202032188890
day and night use of habitats by northern pintails during winter in a primary rice-growing region of iberia.loss of natural wetlands is a global phenomenon that has severe consequences for waterbird populations and their associated ecosystem services. although agroecosystems can reduce the impact of natural habitat loss, drivers of use of such artificial habitats by waterbirds remain poorly understood. using the cosmopolitan northern pintail anas acuta as a model species, we monitored home-range and fine-scale resource selection across the agricultural landscape. individuals were tracked using gps-gsm ...201931344107
land-use change increases climatic vulnerability of migratory birds: insights from integrated population modelling.knowledge of land-use patterns that could affect animal population resiliency or vulnerability to environmental threats such as climate change is essential, yet the interactive effects of land use and climate on demography across space and time can be difficult to study. this is particularly true for migratory species, which rely on different landscapes throughout the year. unlike most north american migratory waterfowl, populations of northern pintails (anas acuta; hereafter pintails) have not ...201931173349
gps tracking data reveals daily spatio-temporal movement patterns of waterfowl.spatio-temporal patterns of movement can characterize relationships between organisms and their surroundings, and address gaps in our understanding of species ecology, activity budgets, bioenergetics, and habitat resource management. highly mobile waterfowl, which can exploit resources over large spatial extents, are excellent models to understand relationships between movements and resource usage, landscape interactions and specific habitat needs.201930834128
using ring-recovery and within-season recapture data to estimate fecundity and population growth.tag-recovery data from organisms captured and marked post breeding are commonly used to estimate juvenile and adult survival. if annual fecundity could also be estimated, tagging studies such as european and north american bird-ringing schemes could provide all parameters needed to estimate population growth. i modified existing tag-recovery models to allow estimation of annual fecundity using age composition and recapture probabilities obtained during routine banding operations of northern pint ...201830397467
experimental infection of h5n1 and h5n8 highly pathogenic avian influenza viruses in northern pintail (anas acuta).the wide geographic spread of eurasian goose/guangdong lineage highly pathogenic avian influenza (hpai) clade 2.3.4.4 viruses by wild birds is of great concern. in december 2014, an h5n8 hpai clade 2.3.4.4 group a (2.3.4.4a) virus was introduced to north america. long-distance migratory wild aquatic birds between east asia and north america, such as northern pintail (anas acuta), were strongly suspected of being a source of intercontinental transmission. in this study, we evaluated the pathogeni ...201829726612
ecosystem service flows from a migratory species: spatial subsidies of the northern pintail.migratory species provide important benefits to society, but their cross-border conservation poses serious challenges. by quantifying the economic value of ecosystem services (ess) provided across a species' range and ecological data on a species' habitat dependence, we estimate spatial subsidies-how different regions support ess provided by a species across its range. we illustrate this method for migratory northern pintail ducks in north america. pintails support over $101 million usd annually ...201929637473
dynamics of habitat selection in birds: adaptive response to nest predation depends on multiple factors.according to theory, habitat selection by organisms should reflect underlying habitat-specific fitness consequences and, in birds, reproductive success has a strong impact on population growth in many species. understanding processes affecting habitat selection also is critically important for guiding conservation initiatives. northern pintails (anas acuta) are migratory, temperate-nesting birds that breed in greatest concentrations in the prairies of north america and their population remains b ...201829627956
influenza a virus recovery, diversity, and intercontinental exchange: a multi-year assessment of wild bird sampling at izembek national wildlife refuge, alaska.western alaska is a potential point-of-entry for foreign-origin influenza a viruses (iavs) into north america via migratory birds. we sampled waterfowl and gulls for iavs at izembek national wildlife refuge (nwr) in western alaska, usa, during late summer and autumn months of 2011-2015, to evaluate the abundance and diversity of viruses at this site. we collected 4842 samples across five years from 25 species of wild birds resulting in the recovery, isolation, and sequencing of 172 iavs. with th ...201829621333
gizzard helminths in female northern pintails ( anas acuta) wintering along the texas coast.gizzard helminths were examined in 100 (50 adult, 50 juvenile) female northern pintails ( anas acuta). sixty-three individual helminths, representing 5 species ( amidostomum acutum, echinuria uncinata, epomidiostomum uncinatum, streptocara crassicauda, and gastrotaenia cygni) were found. twenty-seven northern pintails were infected with 1-3 helminth species and averaged 1.4 species. overall, a. acutum and g. cygni were the most prevalent and abundant species (20%, n = 31 and 10%, n = 25, respect ...201829373074
recreation economics to inform migratory species conservation: case study of the northern pintail.quantification of the economic value provided by migratory species can aid in targeting management efforts and funding to locations yielding the greatest benefits to society and species conservation. here we illustrate a key step in this process by estimating hunting and birding values of the northern pintail (anas acuta) within primary breeding and wintering habitats used during the species' annual migratory cycle in north america. we used published information on user expenditures and net econ ...201829223107
re-invasion of h5n8 high pathogenicity avian influenza virus clade 2.3.4.4b in hokkaido, japan, 2020.global dispersion of high pathogenicity avian influenza (hpai), especially that caused by h5 clade 2.3.4.4, has threatened poultry industries and, potentially, human health. an hpai virus, a/northern pintail/hokkaido/m13/2020 (h5n8) (np/hok/20) belonging to clade 2.3.4.4b, was isolated from a fecal sample collected at a lake in hokkaido, japan where migratory birds rested, october 2020. in the phylogenetic trees of all eight gene segments, np/hok/20 fell into in the cluster of european isolates ...202033327524
comparative infectivity and transmissibility studies of wild-bird and chicken-origin highly pathogenic avian influenza viruses h5n8 in chickens.despite the recent advances in avian influenza viruses surveillance and genomic data, fundamental questions concerning the ecology and evolution of these viruses remain elusive. in egypt, h5n8 highly pathogenic avian influenza viruses (hpaivs) are co-circulating simultaneously with hpaivs of subtypes h5n1 and low-pathogenic avian influenza viruses (lpaivs) of subtype h9n2 in both commercial and backyard poultry. in order to isolate aivs from wild birds and to assess their potential in causing in ...202033271478
Displaying items 101 - 161 of 161