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in-vitro antibacterial properties of crude aqueous and n-hexane extracts of the husk of cocos nucifera.the increasing numbers of cases of antibiotic resistance among pathogenic bacteria such as vibrio species poses a major problem to the food and aquaculture industries, as most antibiotics are no longer effective in controlling pathogenic bacteria affecting these industries. therefore, this study was carried out to assess the antibacterial potentials of crude aqueous and n-hexane extracts of the husk of cocos nucifera against some selected vibrio species and other bacterial pathogens including th ...201121372760
the effects of provisioning and crop-raiding on the diet and foraging activities of human-commensal white-faced capuchins (cebus capucinus).non-human primates are coming into increasingly frequent contact with humans and with human-modified environments. the potential for monkeys to survive in such modified landscapes is questionable, and is likely related to a species' behavioral plasticity, particularly as it relates to diet. in this study, i explore the ways in which white-faced capuchins (cebus capucinus) adjust their diet and foraging behaviors in response to anthropogenic impact. i compare a troop of human-commensal monkeys an ...201121432873
[rearing technique and biological traits of atheloca subrufella (hulst) (lepidoptera: phycitidae) in coconut fruits].rearing technique and biological traits of atheloca subrufella (hulst) (lepidoptera: phycitidae) in coconut fruits. larvae of the coconut moth atheloca subrufella (hulst) develop in flowers and fruits of coconut, cocos nucifera, causing precocious abscission of these structures and, hence, yield decrease. this work studied a feasible and suitable rearing technique for a. subrufella using fruits of coconut. we first determined the appropriate density of larvae to be reared per coconut fruit (amon ...201121437477
olfactory response of predatory mites to vegetative and reproductive parts of coconut palm infested by aceria guerreronis.the phytophagous mite aceria guerreronis keifer is an important pest of coconut worldwide. a promising method of control for this pest is the use of predatory mites. neoseiulus baraki (athias-henriot) and proctolaelaps bickleyi bram are predatory mites found in association with a. guerreronis in the field. to understand how these predators respond to olfactory cues from a. guerreronis and its host plant, the foraging behavior of the predatory mites was investigated in a y-tube olfactometer and o ...201121499777
differential responses to guano fertilization among tropical tree species with varying functional traits.• premise of the study: seabirds often cause significant changes to soil properties, and seabird-dominated systems often host unique plant communities. this study experimentally (1) examined species-specific responses to seabird guano gradients, (2) considered the role that differential functional traits among species play in altering plant response to guano, and (3) investigated the implications of seabird guano on range-expanding species. • methods: using a greenhouse fertilization experiment, ...201121613110
population structures of brazilian tall coconut (cocos nucifera l.) by microsatellite markers.coconut palms of the tall group were introduced to brazil from the cape verde islands in 1553. the present study sought to evaluate the genetic diversity among and within brazilian tall coconut populations. samples were collected of 195 trees from 10 populations. genetic diversity was accessed by investigating 13 simple sequence repeats (ssr) loci. this provided a total of 68 alleles, ranging from 2 to 13 alleles per locus, with an average of 5.23. the mean values of gene diversity (h(e) ) and o ...201021637579
final report on the safety assessment of cocos nucifera (coconut) oil and related ingredients.cocos nucifera (coconut) oil, oil from the dried coconut fruit, is composed of 90% saturated triglycerides. it may function as a fragrance ingredient, hair conditioning agent, or skin-conditioning agent and is reported in 626 cosmetics at concentrations from 0.0001% to 70%. the related ingredients covered in this assessment are fatty acids, and their hydrogenated forms, corresponding fatty alcohols, simple esters, and inorganic and sulfated salts of coconut oil. the salts and esters are expected ...201121772024
coconut (cocos nucifera l.: arecaceae): in health promotion and disease prevention.coconut, cocos nucifera l., is a tree that is cultivated for its multiple utilities, mainly for its nutritional and medicinal values. the various products of coconut include tender coconut water, copra, coconut oil, raw kernel, coconut cake, coconut toddy, coconut shell and wood based products, coconut leaves, coir pith etc. its all parts are used in someway or another in the daily life of the people in the traditional coconut growing areas. it is the unique source of various natural products fo ...201121771462
pattern of morphological variation and diversity of cocos nucifera (arecaceae) in mexico.the pattern of morphological variation of cocos nucifera in mexico was statistically and numerically evaluated. forty-one populations were analyzed, using 17 morphological fruit characters. principal components and cluster analyses indicated four main groups of coconut populations that showed high similarity with four different genotypes recently imported into mexico from areas that could be the origin of mexican coconut populations. these four genotypes were evaluated with regard to the lethal ...199821715291
phylogenetic and experimental characterization of an acyl-acp thioesterase family reveals significant diversity in enzymatic specificity and activity.abstract: background: acyl-acyl carrier protein thioesterases (acyl-acp tes) catalyze the hydrolysis of the thioester bond that links the acyl chain to the sulfhydryl group of the phosphopantetheine prosthetic group of acp. this reaction terminates acyl chain elongation of fatty acid biosynthesis, and in plant seeds it is the biochemical determinant of the fatty acid compositions of storage lipids. results: to explore acyl-acp te diversity and to identify novel acyl acp-tes, 31 acyl-acp tes from ...201121831316
independent origins of cultivated coconut (cocos nucifera l.) in the old world tropics.as a portable source of food, water, fuel, and construction materials, the coconut (cocos nucifera l.) played a fundamental role in human migrations and the development of civilization across the humid tropics. here we investigated the coconut's domestication history and its population genetic structure as it relates to human dispersal patterns. a sample of 1,322 coconut accessions, representing the geographical and phenotypic diversity of the species, was examined using ten microsatellite loci. ...201121731660
first report of the red palm mite, raoiella indica hirst (acari: tenuipalpidae), in brazil.the presence of the red palm mite, raoiella indica hirst, is reported for the first time in brazil. this invasive mite was found in july 2009 infesting coconut palms and bananas in urban areas of boa vista, state of roraima, in northern brazil. comments on the possible pathways of r. indica into the country, present and potential impact of its introduction and mitigating measures to prevent or to delay the mite spread in brazil are presented.201121710040
exploring the influence of sterilisation and storage on some physicochemical properties of coconut (cocos nucifera l.) water.abstract:201122032822
Evaluation of antihyperglycemic activity of Cocos nucifera Linn. on streptozotocin induced type 2 diabetic rats.The plant Cocos nucifera Linn. (Arecaceae) is commonly known as coconut. Traditionally the juice of the young spadix when fresh is used in diarrhea and diabetes. The objective of the present study was to investigate the effect of antidiabetic activity and effect on lipid profile as well as cardioprotective effect of hydro-methanol extract of Cocos nucifera (HECN) on streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic rats.201122041106
cryopreservation of coconut (cocos nucifera l.) zygotic embryos by vitrification.the present study investigates the effect of preculture conditions, vitrification and unloading solutions on survival and regeneration of coconut zygotic embryos after cryopreservation. among the seven plant vitrification solutions tested, pvs3 was found to be the most effective for regeneration of cryopreserved embryos. the optimal protocol involved preculture of embryos for 3 days on medium with 0.6 m sucrose, pvs3 treatment for 16 h, rapid cooling and rewarming and unloading in 1.2 m sucrose ...201122020411
effect of coconut palm proximities and musa spp. germplasm resistance to colonization by raoiella indica (acari: tenuipalpidae).although coconut (cocos nucifera l.) is the predominant host for raoiella indica hirst (acari: tenuipalpidae), false spider mite infestations do occur on bananas and plantains (musa spp. colla). since its introduction, the banana and plantain industries have been negatively impacted to different degrees by r. indica infestation throughout the caribbean. genetic resistance in the host and the proximity of natural sources of mite infestation has been suggested as two of the main factors affecting ...201121915683
variability in coconut ( cocos nucifera l.) germplasm and hybrids for fatty acid profile of oil.coconut oil, the main product of coconut fruit, is the richest source of glycerol and lauric acid and hence is called lauric oil. this paper reports the fatty acid profile of oil from 60 talls, 14 dwarfs, and 34 hybrids. these include collections from 13 countries covering a large coconut-growing area of the world, apart from the indigenous ones. capillary gas chromatography analysis of oil indicated a wider variation for the fatty acid profile than earlier reported. apart from this, for the fir ...201122118628
Within-season dynamics of red palm mite (Raoiella indica) and phytoseiid predators on two host palm species in south-west India.Field surveys were conducted monthly between December 2008 and July 2009 in Kerala, south-west India to compare the population dynamics of the red palm mite Raoiella indica (RPM) on two host plants Areca catechu and Cocos nucifera during one non-monsoon season when, in general, RPM populations increase. The aim was to examine the effects of host plant, host plant locality and the impact of climatic factors on RPM and related phytoseiid predators. There were significantly higher RPM densities on ...201121915684
evaluation of the antiplasmodial and cytotoxicity potentials of husk fiber extracts from cocos nucifera, a medicinal plant used in nigeria to treat human malaria.nigeria is an african country where transmission of malaria occurs all year round and where most inhabitants use plants as remedies against parasitic diseases, including malaria. some of such medicinal plants have their antimalarial efficacies already demonstrated experimentally, active compounds isolated and the mechanism of drug action suggested. decoction of cocos nucifera husk is used in the middle belt region of nigeria as an antimalarial remedy. in our current studies, we tested extracts f ...201222241625
removal of cadmium(ii) from wastewater using activated carbon prepared from agro industrial by-products.removal of cadmium from wastewater using activated carbons prepared from cocos nucifera (coconut) and azadirachta indica (neem) oilcakes-an agricultural solid by-product was investigated. batch experiments were performed to evaluate the effect of ph, agitation time, initial metal ion concentration and adsorbent dose on the cadmium sorption in coconut oil cake activated carbon (cocac) and neem oil cake activated carbon (nocac). the experiments demonstrated that the adsorption process corresponds ...201123505814
prediction of gross energy and digestible energy in copra meal, palm kernel meal, and cassava root fed to pigs.many of the available prediction equations for feed energy value may not be applicable for ingredients such as copra (cocos nucifera) meal (cm), palm kernel meal (pkm), and cassava (manihot esculenta) root (cr). therefore, we developed novel equations for estimating ge and de concentrations in cm, pkm, cr, and diets containing these ingredients. data for ge and de concentrations were obtained from previous experiments in which the chemical composition in the ingredients and diets were determined ...201223365336
digestible and metabolizable energy concentrations in copra meal, palm kernel meal, and cassava root fed to growing pigs.an experiment was conducted to measure de and me in copra (cocos nucifera) meal (cm), palm kernel meal (pkm), and cassava (manihot esculenta) root (cr) in growing pigs. eight boars with an initial bw of 67.3 ± 5.8 kg were individually housed in metabolism crates that were equipped with a feeder and a nipple drinker. a replicated 4 × 4 latin square design was used with 4 dietary treatments, 4 periods, and 8 animals. a basal diet mainly contained corn (zea mays) and soybean (glycine max) meal. thr ...201223365309
germination rate is the significant characteristic determining coconut palm diversity.this review comes at a time when in vitro embryo culture techniques are being adopted for the safe exchange and cryo-conservation of coconut germplasm. in due course, laboratory procedures may replace the options that exist among standard commercial nursery germination techniques. these, in their turn, have supplanted traditional methods that are now forgotten or misunderstood. knowledge of all germination options should help to ensure the safe regeneration of conserved material.201223275832
temporal evolution of ¹³⁷cs⁺, k⁺ and na⁺ in fruits of south american tropical species.concentrations of (137)cs, k and na in fruits of lemon (citrus limon b.) and of k and na in fruits of coconut (cocos nucifera l.) trees were measured by both gamma spectrometry and neutron activation analysis, with the aim to understand the behaviour of monovalent inorganic cations in tropical plants as well as the plant ability to store these elements. similar amounts of k(+) were incorporated by lemon and coconut trees during the growth and ripening processes of its fruits. the k concentration ...201223268139
investigation on antibacterial and antioxidant activities, phenolic and flavonoid contents of some thai edible plants as an alternative for antibiotics.this study was aimed to examine the antibacterial and antioxidative properties of seven edible plants from thailand to develop alternative antibiotics as feed additives. the plants include citrus aurantifolia swingle (lime) fruits and its leaves, sesbania grandiflora l. (agati sesbania) leaves, piper sarmentosum roxb (wild betal) leaves, curcuma domestica valeton (turmeric) roots, morinda citrifolia l. (beach mulberry) leaves, cassia siamea britt (siamea cassia) leaves, and cocos nucifera l. (co ...201425178298
coconut lethal yellowing diseases: a phytoplasma threat to palms of global economic and social significance.the recent discovery of bogia coconut syndrome in papua new guinea (png) is the first report of a lethal yellowing disease (lyd) in oceania. numerous outbreaks of lyds of coconut have been recorded in the caribbean and africa since the late nineteenth century and have caused the death of millions of palms across several continents during the twentieth century. despite the severity of economic losses, it was only in the 1970s that the causes of lyds were identified as phytoplasmas, a group of ins ...201627833616
cocos nucifera (l.) (arecaceae): a phytochemical and pharmacological review.cocos nucifera (l.) (arecaceae) is commonly called the "coconut tree" and is the most naturally widespread fruit plant on earth. throughout history, humans have used medicinal plants therapeutically, and minerals, plants, and animals have traditionally been the main sources of drugs. the constituents of c. nucifera have some biological effects, such as antihelminthic, anti-inflammatory, antinociceptive, antioxidant, antifungal, antimicrobial, and antitumor activities. our objective in the presen ...201526292222
anti-mosquito plants as an alternative or incremental method for malaria vector control among rural communities of bagamoyo district, tanzania.plants represent one of the most accessible resources available for mosquito control by communities in tanzania. however, no documented statistics exist for their contribution in the management of mosquitoes and other insects except through verbal and some publications. this study aimed at assessing communities' knowledge, attitudes and practices of using plants as an alternative method for mosquito control among selected communities in a malaria-prone area in tanzania.201425015092
isolation and characterization of bacteriocinogenic lactic bacteria from m-tuba and tepache, two traditional fermented beverages in méxico.mexican tuba (m-tuba) and tepache are mexican fermented beverages prepared mainly with pineapple pulp and coconut palm, respectively. at present, reports on the microbiota and nutritional effects of both beverages are lacking. the purpose of this study was to determine whether m-tuba and tepache contain cultivable lactic acid bacteria (lab) capable of producing bacteriocins. tepache and m-tuba contain mesophilic aerobic bacteria, lab, and yeast. bacillus subtilis, listeria monocytogenes, listeri ...201526405529
green synthesis, spectroscopic investigation and photocatalytic activity of lead nanoparticles.most of researcher focused their research towards synthesize of nanoparticles by the method of applied chemical method which was one of the costliest method. we have focused cheapest and simplest method for the synthesizing of lead nanoparticles (pb-nps) using cocos nucifera l extract. the methanolic extract of cocos nucifera l was efficiently used as a reducing agent for synthesizing pb-nps. on treatment of lead acetate with cocos nucifera coir extracts, stable pb-nps were formed. the synthesiz ...201525574657
green synthesis of silver nanoparticles from the extract of the inflorescence of cocos nucifera (family: arecaceae) for enhanced antibacterial activity.green synthesis of nanoparticles using plant source has been given much importance. in the present study, silver nanoparticles (agnps) were synthesized using the ethyl acetate and methanol (ea: m 40:60) extracts of the inflorescence of the tree cocous nucifera. the synthesized nanoparticles were characterized by uv-visible spectroscope, ftir and tem analysis. the particle size of the synthesized agnps was 22nm as confirmed by tem. the qualitative assessment of reducing potential of the extracts ...201424762541
a novel cost-effective medium for the production of bacillus thuringiensis subsp. israelensis for mosquito control.bacillus thuringiensis subsp. israelensis (bti) has been used for mosquito-control programmes the world-wide. indeed, the large-scale production of bti for mosquito control is very expensive due to the high cost of its culture. in the present study, we attempted to widen the scope in developing cost-effective culture medium for bti production, based on the raw materials available on the biosphere, including coconut cake powder, ccp (cocos nucifera), neem cake powder, ncp (azadirachta indica) and ...201222543607
anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and antimicrobial activities of cocos nucifera var. typica.teas from the husk fiber of cocos nucifera are used in the folk medicine to treat arthritis and other inflammatory processes. some works show that some varieties have biological activities. however, one of the main variety of the species, c. nucifera var. typica, known in brazil as "gigante", was not studied yet. thus, this study evaluates if this variety has the anti-inflammatory and antimicrobial activities already reported in other varieties.201323680079
2-furaldehyde diethyl acetal from tender coconut water (cocos nucifera) attenuates biofilm formation and quorum sensing-mediated virulence of chromobacterium violaceum and pseudomonas aeruginosa.the aim of this study was to evaluate the anti-biofilm and quorum sensing inhibitory (qsi) potential of tender coconut water (tcw) against chromobacterium violaceum and pseudomonas aeruginosa. tcw significantly inhibited the qs regulated violacein, virulence factors and biofilm production without affecting their growth. qrt-pcr analysis revealed the down-regulation of autoinducer synthase, transcriptional regulator and virulence genes. mass-spectrometric analysis of a petroleum ether extract of ...201526571230
antileishmanial and immunomodulatory potential of ocimumsanctum linn. and cocosnucifera linn. in murine visceral leishmaniasis.the role of immunomodulation in the therapeutic treatment of visceral leishmaniasis has gained eminence in view of moderate to severe drawbacks of the currently available drugs like toxicity, drug resistance and prohibitive costs. the potential for modulation of the immune system of many herbal plants can be tapped to address these problems. we conducted the present research study to investigate the antileishmanial and immunomodulatory effects of ocimum sanctum linn. and cocos nucifera linn. dur ...201728316391
in vivo antimalarial activity and toxicological effects of methanolic extract of cocos nucifera (dwarf red variety) husk fibre.phytochemical constituents as well as antimalarial and toxicity potentials of the methanolic extract of the husk fibre of dwarf red variety of cocos nucifera were evaluated in this study.201425412668
antimalarial activity of cocos nucifera husk fibre: further studies.in this study, the antimalarial and toxicity potentials of husk fibre extracts of five nigerian varieties of cocos nucifera were evaluated in vitro. the only active extract fraction, west african tall (wat) ethyl acetate extract fraction, was then evaluated for its phytochemical constituents, antimalarial and toxicity potentials at varying doses (31.25-500 mg/kg body weight) using various organ function indices. the results revealed that wat ethyl acetate extract fraction (wateaef) contained alk ...201323983800
characterization and ectopic expression of cowri1, an ap2/erebp domain-containing transcription factor from coconut (cocos nucifera l.) endosperm, changes the seeds oil content in transgenic arabidopsis thaliana and rice (oryza sativa l.).coconut (cocos nucifera l.) is a key tropical crop and a member of the monocotyledonous family arecaceae (palmaceae). few genes and related metabolic processes involved in coconut endosperm development have been investigated. in this study, a new member of the wri1 gene family was isolated from coconut endosperm and was named cowri1. its transcriptional activities and interactions with the acetyl-coa carboxylase (bccp2) promoter of cowri1 were confirmed by the yeast two-hybrid and yeast one-hybr ...201728179911
green coconut mesocarp pretreated by an alkaline process as raw material for bioethanol production.cocos nucifera l., coconut, is a palm of high importance in the food industry, but a considerable part of the biomass is inedible. in this study, the pretreatment and saccharification parameters naoh solution, pretreatment duration and enzyme load were evaluated for the production of hydrolysates from green coconut mesocarp using 18% (w/v) total solids (ts). hydrolysates were not detoxified in order to preserve sugars solubilized during the pretreatment. reduction of enzyme load from 15 to 7.5 f ...201627295252
cloning and functional expression of a cdna encoding stearoyl-acp δ9-desaturase from the endosperm of coconut (cocos nucifera l.).coconut (cocos nucifera l.) is an economically tropical fruit tree with special fatty acid compositions. the stearoyl-acyl carrier protein (acp) desaturase (sad) plays a key role in the properties of the majority of cellular glycerolipids. in this paper, a full-length cdna of a stearoyl-acyl carrier protein desaturase, designated cocofad, was isolated from cdna library prepared from the endosperm of coconut (c. nucifera l.). an 1176 bp cdna from overlapped pcr products containing orf encoding a ...201425038276
multifarious beneficial traits and plant growth promoting potential of serratia marcescens kisii and enterobacter sp. rnf 267 isolated from the rhizosphere of coconut palms (cocos nucifera l.).two plant growth promoting bacteria designated as kisii and rnf 267 isolated from the rhizosphere of coconut palms were identified as serratia marcescens and enterobacter sp. based on their phenotypic features, biolog studies and 16s rrna gene sequence analysis. both bacteria exhibited phosphate solubilization, ammonification, and production of indole acetic acid, β-1, 3 glucanase activities and 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate-deaminase activity. they could also tolerate a range of ph conditio ...201322948479
genetic variability in the its and igs regions of the ribosomal dna of acremonium cavaraeanum exhibiting antimicrobial activity.endophytic microorganisms represent promising alternatives for obtaining new drugs of biotechnological importance. in this study, the endophytic species acremonium cavaraeanum (a1a) isolated from cocos nucifera was cultivated for the production of secondary metabolites, and its extracts and fractions were evaluated by the dilution method (mic). the etoac extracts and meoh fractions were tested against gram-positive and -negative bacteria, and had an mic of 125 µg/ml when evaluated in the etoac e ...201324391056
cocos nucifera coir-mediated green synthesis of pd nps and its investigation against larvae and agricultural pest.in recent decades, several scientists focused their process towards nanoparticles synthesis by using various sustainable approaches. cocos nucifera (c. nucifera) was one of the versatile trees in tropical regions which also can act as a thrust quencher in all over the world. cocos nucifera coir was one of the waste by-products in all coconut-refining industries and with the help c. nucifera coir, palladium nanoparticles (pd nps) were synthesized. green-synthesized spherical-shape pd nps were ove ...201627908201
medicinal plants used to treat tb in ghana.the current study was designed to document medicinal plant species that are traditionally used to treat tuberculosis (tb) by ghanaian communities.201526972879
past, present and perspectives of manipur traditional medicine: a major health care system available for rural population in the north-east india.traditional health care practices are still being followed extensively in manipur, north-east india. this is the major or the only medical facility available in some rural areas of manipur. cross cultural ethno-pharmacological survey was conducted to document traditional health care practices by maiba-maibi (male-female traditional health care practitioners of manipur).201525895884
the association between chromaticity, phenolics, carotenoids, and in vitro antioxidant activity of frozen fruit pulp in brazil: an application of chemometrics.a total of 19 brazilian frozen pulps from the following fruits: açai (euterpe oleracea), blackberry (rubus sp.), cajá (spondias mombin), cashew (anacardium occidentale), cocoa (theobroma cacao), coconut (cocos nucifera), grape (vitis sp.), graviola (annona muricata), guava (psidium guajava), papaya (carica papaya), peach (prunus persica), pineapple (ananas comosus), pineapple and mint (a. comosus and mentha spicata), red fruits (rubus sp. and fragaria sp.), seriguela (spondias purpurea), strawbe ...201424547813
prospects of apicultural entrepreneurship in coastal districts of eastern india: a melissopalynological evaluation.a melissopalynological analysis of fifty-one natural honey samples (twenty four spring, fifteen summer and twelve winter) collected during 2010-2011 from two east-coastal districts (20(0)20/ to 22(0)11/ n, 82(0)39/ to 87(0)01/ e) of orissa, india was performed. out of 37 unifloral samples found 25 were contributed by apis cerana indica, seven by a. dorsata and the remaining five by a. florea. out of 14 multifloral samples five were contributed by a. cerana indica, five by a. dorsata and the rema ...201424740144
improving transcriptome de novo assembly by using a reference genome of a related species: translational genomics from oil palm to coconut.the palms are a family of tropical origin and one of the main constituents of the ecosystems of these regions around the world. the two main species of palm represent different challenges: coconut (cocos nucifera l.) is a source of multiple goods and services in tropical communities, while oil palm (elaeis guineensis jacq) is the main protagonist of the oil market. in this study, we present a workflow that exploits the comparative genomics between a target species (coconut) and a reference speci ...201728334050
mating compatibility and restriction analysis of ganoderma isolates from oil palm and other palm hosts.mating compatibility and restriction analyses of internal transcribed spacer (its) regions were performed to determine the relations between ganoderma boninense, the most common species associated with basal stem rot in oil palm and ganoderma isolates from infected oil palm, two ornamental palms, sealing wax palm (cyrtostachys renda) and macarthur palm (ptychosperma macarthurii), an isolate from coconut stump (cocos nucifera), ganoderma miniatocinctum, ganoderma zonatum and ganoderma tornatum. t ...201526868709
bud rot caused by phytophthora palmivora: a destructive emerging disease of oil palm.oomycetes from the genus phytophthora are among the most important plant pathogens in agriculture. epidemics caused by p. infestans precipitated the great irish famine and had a major impact on society and human history. in the tropics, p. palmivora is a pathogen of many plant species including cacao (theobroma cacao), citrus (citrus sp.), durian (durio zibethines), jackfruit (artrocarpus heterophyllus), rubber (hevea brasiliensis), and several palm species including coconut (cocos nucifera), an ...201626714102
protective effect of mangifera indica linn., cocos nucifera linn., and averrhoa carambola linn. extracts against ultraviolet b-induced damage in human keratinocytes.this study was aimed at investigating the antioxidant activity of mangifera indica linn., cocos nucifera linn., and averrhoa carambola linn. and their biological effect on human keratinocytes affected by the ultraviolet b (uvb), a major cause of cell damage and skin cancer through induction of dna damage, production of reactive oxygen species (ros), and apoptosis. the richest antioxidant activity was found in ethanol fraction of m. indica (21.32 ± 0.66 mg qe/g dry weight), while the lowest one w ...201627057195
anti-advanced glycation end-product and free radical scavenging activity of plants from the yucatecan flora.formation and accumulation of advanced glycation end-products (age) is recognized as a major pathogenic process in diabetic complications, atherosclerosis and cardiovascular diseases. in addition, reactive oxygen species and free radicals have also been reported to participate in age formation and in cell damage. natural products with antioxidant and antiage activity have great therapeutic potential in the treatment of diabetes, hypertension and related complications. objective: to test ethanoli ...201727695268
effects of exogenous enzyme supplementation to corn- and soybean meal-based or complex diets on growth performance, nutrient digestibility, and blood metabolites in growing pigs.two experiments were conducted to determine the effects of dietary supplementation of exogenous enzymes on growth performance, apparent total tract digestibility (attd) of energy and nutrients, blood metabolites, fecal vfa, and fecal ammonia-n in growing pigs (sus scrofa) fed a corn (zea mays l.)- and soybean [glycine max (l.) merr.] meal (sbm)-based diet. in exp. 1, 240 growing barrows (initial bw: 55.6 ± 0.9 kg) were randomly allotted to 5 treatments on the basis of bw. there were 4 replicates ...201222585797
polyandry increases reproductive performance but does not decrease survival in female brontispa longissima.the costs and benefits of polyandry are still not well understood. we studied the effects of multiple mating on the reproductive performance of female brontispa longissima (coleoptera: chrysomelidae), one of the most serious pests of the coconut palm, by using three experimental treatments: (1) singly-mated females (single treatment); (2) females that mated 10 times with the same male (repetition treatment); and (3) females that mated once with each of 10 different males (polyandry treatment). b ...201727573004
age-stage, two-sex life table of brontispa longissima (gestro) (coleoptera: hispidae) feeding on four palm plant varieties.the life history of brontispa longissima (gestro) (coleoptera: hispidae), reared under laboratory conditions on leaves of coconut (cocos nucifera l.), royal palm [roystonea regia (kunth) o.f.cook], bottle palm [hyophorbe lagenicaulis (l. bailey) h.e.moore], and fishtail palm (caryota ochlandra hance) was analyzed using age-stage, two-sex life table. means and standard errors of population growth parameters were calculated using the jackknife method. moreover, survival rate and fecundity data wer ...201223068179
a comparison of artificial diets for mass rearing brontispa longissima (coleoptera: chrysomelidae) as hosts for the larval and the pupal parasitoids.the coconut hispine beetle, brontispa longissima (gestro) (coleoptera: chrysomelidae) is a serious pest of coconut palm. in this study, we developed an artificial diet for b. longissima so that the beetle could be used as a host for rearing two of its parasitoids, asecodes hispinarum boucek (hymenoptera: eulophidae) and tetrastichus brontispae ferrière (hymenoptera: eulophidae). the new artificial diet represents an improvement of our previous diet, which we used as a control. when beetle larvae ...201222812115
ethnobotanical survey of cosmetic plants used in marquesas islands (french polynesia).cosmetic plants and their uses have often been neglected in ethnobotanical surveys which focus mainly on plants with medicinal or food uses. thus, this survey was carried out to specifically investigate cosmetics in a small community and to establish a cosmetopoeia, based on the model of pharmacopoeia for medicinal plants. the geographic spread of the survey covered the marquesas islands, one of the five archipelagos of french polynesia (pacific ocean). this archipelago was also recently investi ...201627899137
effect of unconventional oilseeds (safflower, poppy, hemp, camelina) on in vitro ruminal methane production and fermentation.dietary supplementation with oilseeds can reduce methane emission in ruminants, but only a few common seeds have been tested so far. this study tested safflower (carthamus tinctorius), poppy (papaver somniferum), hemp (cannabis sativa), and camelina (camelina sativa) seeds in vitro using coconut (cocos nucifera) oil and linseed (linum usitatissimum) as positive controls.201728188639
survey of mymarommatidae and their occurrence in agricultural systems in brazil.mymarommatidae surveys were carried out through the use of yellow pan traps in crops of green dwarf coconut, cocos nucifera l. (arecales: arecaceae), papaya, carica papaya l. (brassicales: caricaceae), citrus, citrus spp. l. (sapindales: rutaceae), and guava, psidium guajava l. (myrtales: myrtaceae), in the northern espirito santo state, brazil. 146 specimens of mymarommatids were collected, of which 71, 55, 16, and 4 exemplars were obtained in the area cultivated with guava, papaya, citrus, and ...201425373162
an ethnobotanical study of medicinal plants and traditional therapies on batan island, the philippines.we studied the local knowledge and uses of medicinal plants among the ivatan people of batan island by documenting their traditional practices.201323183086
toxic potentials of ten herbs commonly used for aphrodisiac effect in turkey.sexual dysfunction is a serious problem worldwide. in turkey, herbal products are used by some people suffering from sexual dysfunction. despite their therapeutic advantages, some constituents of herbs are potentially toxic and pose health risks because they can be bought from the market without a prescription. therefore, we aimed to determine the safety of herbs possessing aphrodisiac effects, chosen on the basis of their frequency of medicinal use and commercial importance in turkey.201526281312
association of tree nut and coconut sensitizations.coconut (cocos nucifera), despite being a drupe, was added to the us food and drug administration list of tree nuts in 2006, causing potential confusion regarding the prevalence of coconut allergy among tree nut allergic patients.201627566863
'candidatus phytoplasma malaysianum', a novel taxon associated with virescence and phyllody of madagascar periwinkle (catharanthus roseus).this study addressed the taxonomic position and group classification of a phytoplasma responsible for virescence and phyllody symptoms in naturally diseased madagascar periwinkle plants in western malaysia. unique regions in the 16s rrna gene from the malaysian periwinkle virescence (mapv) phytoplasma distinguished the phytoplasma from all previously described 'candidatus phytoplasma' species. pairwise sequence similarity scores, calculated through alignment of full-length 16s rrna gene sequence ...201322523165
performance evaluation of a dual-flow recharge filter for improving groundwater quality.a dual-flow multimedia stormwater filter integrated with a groundwater recharge system was developed and tested for hydraulic efficiency and pollutant removal efficiency. the influent stormwater first flows horizontally through the circular layers of planted grass and biofibers. subsequently, the flow direction changes to a vertical direction so that water moves through layers of pebbles and sand and finally gets recharged to the deep aquifers. the media in the sequence of vegetative medium:biof ...201425112029
a reconfigured kennedy pathway which promotes efficient accumulation of medium chain fatty acids in leaf oils.medium chain fatty acids (mcfa, c6-14 fatty acids) are an ideal feedstock for biodiesel and broader oleochemicals. in recent decades, several studies have used transgenic engineering to produce mcfa in seeds oils, though these modifications result in unbalance membrane lipid profiles that impair oil yields and agronomic performance. given the ability to engineer non-seed organs to produce oils, we have previously demonstrated that mcfa profiles can be produced in leaves, but this also results in ...201728301719
functional gradients in the pericarp of the green coconut inspire asymmetric fibre-composites with improved impact strength, and preserved flexural and tensile properties.here we investigate the mechanical properties and structural design of the pericarp of the green coconut (cocos nucifera l.). the pericarp showed excellent impact characteristics, and mechanical tests of its individual components revealed gradients in stiffness, strength and elongation at break from the outer to the inner layer of the pericarp. in order to understand more about the potential effect of such gradients on 'bulk' material properties, we designed simple, graded, cellulose fibre-reinf ...201728245197
an experimental and quantum chemical study of removal of utmostly quantified heavy metals in wastewater using coconut husk: a novel approach to mechanism.the present study explores the uptake capacity of low cost agricultural waste i.e.unmodified coconut (cocos nucifera l.) husk for the removal of heavy metal (pb(2+), cu(2+), ni(2+) and zn(2+)) ions from industrial wastewater. the effect of various operational parameters such as adsorbent dose, high initial metal concentration (100mg/l-500mg/l), ph, temperature and agitation time on the removal of these ions has been investigated using batch experiments. the results showed that maximum uptake thr ...201728130136
nephro-protective effect of a novel formulation of unopened coconut inflorescence sap powder on gentamicin induced renal damage by modulating oxidative stress and inflammatory markers.fresh oyster white translucent sap obtained from the tender unopened inflorescence of coconut trees (cocos nucifera) is identified to have great health benefits. drug induced nephrotoxicity is one of the major causes of renal damage in present generation. as a therapeutic agent, gentamicin imparts direct toxicity to kidney, resulting in acute tubular necrosis, glomerular and tubulointerstitial injury, haemodynamically mediated damage and obstructive nephropathy.there exists an increasing demand ...201727930976
safety assessment of widely used fermented virgin coconut oil (cocos nucifera) in malaysia: chronic toxicity studies and sar analysis of the active components.fermented virgin coconut oil (fvco) is widely used in the southeast asia as food and traditional medicine. the objective of the present study is the evaluation of chronic safety of the commercialized fvco of malaysia and other southeast asian countries. a single dose of 5000 mg/kg of fvco was administered orally in rats (each group, n = 5) for the acute toxicity study and 175, 550 and 2000 mg/kg for sub-chronic and chronic studies (each group, n = 10), respectively. the behavior, mortality, and ...201627756558
effect of microwave drying and oven drying on the water activity, color, phenolic compounds content and antioxidant activity of coconut husk (cocos nucifera l.).the coconut (cocos nucifera l.) husk is basically composed by fiber and pith material and remained under-utilized. this is an important source of phenolic compounds that could be used as functional ingredients. the aim of this study was to determine the effect of: oven-drying (od) and microwave drying (md), on the water activity, color, phenolic compound content and antioxidant activity of coconut husk. the od was performed at 60 °c for 12 h and md was performed at 900 w for 10 min. the total ph ...201627777455
involvement of monoaminergic systems in anxiolytic and antidepressive activities of the standardized extract of cocos nucifera l.extracts from the husk fiber of cocos nucifera are used in folk medicine, but their actions on the central nervous system have not been studied. here, the anxiolytic and antidepressant effects of the standardized hydroalcoholic extract of c. nucifera husk fiber (hecn) were evaluated. male swiss mice were treated with hecn (50, 100, or 200 mg/kg) 60 min before experiments involving the plus maze test, hole-board test, tail suspension test, and forced swimming test (fst). hecn was administered ora ...201727770304
complete sequence and analysis of coconut palm (cocos nucifera) mitochondrial genome.coconut (cocos nucifera l.), a member of the palm family (arecaceae), is one of the most economically important crops in tropics, serving as an important source of food, drink, fuel, medicine, and construction material. here we report an assembly of the coconut (c. nucifera, oman local tall cultivar) mitochondrial (mt) genome based on next-generation sequencing data. this genome, 678,653bp in length and 45.5% in gc content, encodes 72 proteins, 9 pseudogenes, 23 trnas, and 3 ribosomal rnas. with ...201627736909
de novo transcriptome assembly and identification of the gene conferring a "pandan-like" aroma in coconut (cocos nucifera l.).thailand's aromatic coconut (cocos nucifera l.) is a special type of green dwarf coconut, the liquid endosperm of which is characterized by a pleasant "pandan-like" aroma due to the presence of 2-acetyl-1-pyrroline (2ap). the aim of this study was to perform a de novo assembly of transriptome from c. nucifera endosperm and to identify the gene responsible for 2ap biosynthesis. cnamadh2 was identified as an ortholog of the rice aromatic gene and a g-to-c substitution found in exon 14 was associat ...201627717469
single base substitution causing the fragrant phenotype and development of a type-specific marker in aromatic coconut (cocos nucifera).the fragrance gene, betaine aldehyde dehydrogenase 2 (badh2), has been well studied in many plant species. the objectives of this study were to clone badh2 and compare the sequences between aromatic and non-aromatic coconuts. the complete coding region was cloned from cdna of both aromatic and non-aromatic coconuts. the nucleotide sequences were highly homologous to badh2 genes of other plants. badh2 consisted of a 1512-bp open reading frame encoding 503 amino acids. a single nucleotide differen ...201627706750
coconut model for learning first steps of craniotomy techniques and cerebrospinal fluid leak avoidance.neurosurgery simulation has gained attention recently due to changes in the medical system. first-year neurosurgical residents in low-income countries usually perform their first craniotomy on a real subject. development of high-fidelity, cheap, and largely available simulators is a challenge in residency training. an original model for the first steps of craniotomy with cerebrospinal fluid leak avoidance practice using a coconut is described.201627613497
in vitro antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and anticancer activities of ethyl acetate soluble proanthocyanidins of the inflorescence of cocos nucifera l.proanthocyanidins belong to a class of polyphenolic compounds called flavonoids and have been reported to exhibit important biological activities. the immature inflorescence of cocos nucifera l. is used by ayurvedic and traditional medical practitioners for the treatment of menorrhagia in sri lanka. our studies have shown that the inflorescence of cocos nucifera l. predominantly contains proanthocyanidins.201627595601
cocowood fibrovascular tissue system-another wonder of plant evolution.the coconut palm (cocos nucifera l.) stem tissue (referred to as cocowood in this study) is a complex fibrovascular system that is made up of fibrovascular bundles embedded into a parenchymatous ground tissue. the complex configuration of fibrovascular bundles along with the non-uniform distribution of the material properties likely allow senile coconut stems to optimize their biomechanical performance per unit mass (i.e., mechanical efficiency) and grow into tall, slender, and very flexible pla ...201627555849
determination of pesticides in coconut (cocos nucifera linn.) water and pulp using modified quechers and lc-ms/ms.the use of pesticides is directly linked to improvements in productivity and to the preservation of coconut palms. however pesticide analysis is necessary to determine whether pesticide residues in the food products containing coconut are within the maximum residue limits (mrls), ensuring the quality of these products. this work aimed to develop a method for multiresidue determination of ten pesticides in coconut water and pulp using quechers and lc-ms/ms. the method was effective in terms of se ...201627451226
spectroscopic investigation of biosynthesized nickel nanoparticles and its larvicidal, pesticidal activities.methanolic extract of cocos nucifera (c. nucifera) was collected using soxhlet apparatus. c. nucifera methanolic extract was used to prepare nickel nanoparticles (ni nps). eco-friendly synthesized ni nps were confirmed by several analytical techniques such as uv-visible spectroscopy (uv-vis), fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (ft-ir), x-ray diffraction (xrd), scanning electron microscope (sem), energy dispersive x-ray analysis (edax), transmission electron microscope (tem) and zeta potenti ...201627371915
parasitoids of gangara thyrsis (fabricius) (lepidoptera: hesperiidae) with description of a new species of agiommatus crawford, 1911 (hymenoptera: pteromalidae) from india with notes on biology.in rearing of gangara thyrsis (fabricius) (lepidoptera: hesperiidae) from karnataka and goa, india, six species of parasitoids were observed. one new species of parasitic wasp is described and illustrated: agiommatus thyrsisae n. sp. (hymenoptera: pteromalidae), a solitary parasitoid reared from the egg of g. thyrsis on the natural host plant dypsis lutescens (h. wendl.) beentje & j. dransf. three additional species of parasitic wasps were also reared: anastatus ramakrishnai (mani, 1935) (hymeno ...201627307173
estimated crop loss due to coconut mite and financial analysis of controlling the pest using the acaricide abamectin.reducing the losses caused by aceria guerreronis keifer has been an arduous task for farmers. however, there are no detailed studies on losses that simultaneously analyse correlated parameters, and very few studies that address the economic viability of chemical control, the main strategy for managing this pest. in this study the objectives were (1) to estimate the crop loss due to coconut mite and (2) to perform a financial analysis of acaricide application to control the pest. for this, the fo ...201627059867
an overview of phytoconstituents, biotechnological applications, and nutritive aspects of coconut (cocos nucifera).cocos nucifera is one of the highest nutritional and medicinal value plants with various fractions of proteins which play a major role in several biological applications such as anti-microbial, anti-inflammatory, anti-diabetic, anti-neoplastic, anti-parasitic, insecticidal, and leishmanicidal activities. this review is focused on several biotechnological, biomedical aspects of various solvent extracts collected from different parts of coconut and the phytochemical constituents which are present ...201627052209
ameliorative effects of chloroform fraction of cocos nucifera l. husk fiber against cisplatin-induced toxicity in rats.cisplatin (cis) is used in the treatment of solid tumors and is known to elicit serious side effects.201727034598
antimicrobial peptide (cn-amp2) from liquid endosperm of cocos nucifera forms amyloid-like fibrillar structure.cn-amp2 is an antimicrobial peptide derived from liquid endosperm of coconut (cocos nucifera). it consists of 11 amino acid residues and predicted to have high propensity for β-sheet formation that disposes this peptide to be amyloidogenic. in the present study, we have examined the amyloidogenic propensities of cn-amp2 in silico and then tested the predictions under in vitro conditions. the in silico study revealed that the peptide possesses high amyloidogenic propensity comparable with aβ. upo ...201627028204
genetic relationships among tall coconut palm (cocos nucifera l.) accessions of the international coconut genebank for latin america and the caribbean (icg-lac), evaluated using microsatellite markers (ssrs).the diversity and genetic relationships among two accessions of tall coconut palms collected in brazil and seven accessions introduced from different geographic regions of the world were analyzed using 25 microsatellite primers, 19 of which were polymorphic and detected between 4 and 10 alleles per locus, with an average of 6.57. the observed and expected heterozygosity ranged from 0.25 and 0.40 in the rennell islands tall (rit) accession to 0.54 and 0.62 in the polynesian tall (pyt) accession. ...201626974540
coconut genome size determined by flow cytometry: tall versus dwarf types.coconuts (cocos nucifera l.) are tropical palm trees that are classified into tall and dwarf types based on height, and both types are diploid (2n = 2x = 32 chromosomes). the reproduction mode is autogamous for dwarf types and allogamous for tall types. one hypothesis for the origin of the dwarf coconut suggests that it is a tall variant that resulted from either mutation or inbreeding, and differences in genome size between the two types would support this hypothesis. in this study, we estimate ...201626909966
infestation of raoiella indica hirst (trombidiformes: tenuipalpidae) on host plants of high socio-economic importance for tropical america.the mite raoiella indica hirst was recently introduced into america, where it has shown amazing ability to disseminate and broaden its range of hosts. an experiment was conducted in cancún, mexico, to determine infestation levels of this mite on plants recorded as hosts: coconut palm (cocos nucifera) of cultivars pacific tall and malayan dwarf, oil palm (elaeis guineensis) hybrids deli x ghana and deli x nigeria, dwarf giant banana (musa acuminata, aaa subgroup cavendish), horn plantain (m. acum ...201626874954
antidepressant, antioxidant and neurotrophic properties of the standardized extract of cocos nucifera husk fiber in mice.the plant cocos nucifera and its derivatives have shown antidepressant-like effects, although its hydroalcoholic extract has not been studied with this end in mind. therefore, we decided to determine the antidepressant-like effects of the standardized hydroalcoholic extract of cocos nucifera husk fiber (hecn) as well as oxidative alterations in the prefrontal cortex (pfc), hippocampus (hc) and striatum (st), and the levels of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (bdnf) in the hc of mice. the extrac ...201626857134
low-cost and eco-friendly synthesis of silver nanoparticles using coconut (cocos nucifera) oil cake extract and its antibacterial activity.the present study reports the simple, inexpensive, eco-friendly synthesis of silver nanoparticles (agnps) using coconut oil cake extract. scanning electron microscopy-energy dispersive spectroscopy peak at 3 kev confirmed the presence of silver. transmission electron micrograph showed that nanoparticles are mostly circular with an average size of 10-70 nm. the results of the x-ray powder diffraction analysis (2θ = 46.2, 67.4 and 76.8) indicated the crystal nature of the agnps. fourier transform ...201626855063
evaluation of tetraethoxysilane (teos) sol-gel coatings, modified with green synthesized zinc oxide nanoparticles for combating microfouling.green synthesis of zinc oxide nanoparticles (zno-nps) is gaining importance as an eco-friendly alternative to conventional methods due to its enormous applications. the present work reports the synthesis of zno-nps using the endosperm of cocos nucifera (coconut water) and the bio-molecules responsible for nanoparticle formation have been identified. the synthesized nanoparticles were characterized using uv-visible spectroscopy (uv-vis), x-ray diffraction (xrd), fourier transform infrared spectro ...201626838903
a simple turn on fluorescent sensor for the selective detection of thiamine using coconut water derived luminescent carbon dots.in this study microwave-assisted hydrothermal method was used to prepare highly luminescent carbon dots (1-6 nm size) within a minute from tender coconut (cocos nucifera) water. the synthesized carbon dots (c-dots) exhibit emission of blue and green lights while excited at 390 and 450 nm wavelengths, respectively. as an application, these c-dots were tested for a simple "turn on" fluorescent sensor for rapid detection of thiamine (vitamin b1). the detection of thiamine in human body is very impo ...201626745793
antimalarial plants used by indigenous people of the upper rio negro in amazonas, brazil.this is the first intercultural report of antimalarial plants in this region. the aim of this study was to document the medicinal plants used against malaria by indigenous people in the upper rio negro region and to review the literature on antimalarial activity and traditional use of the cited species.201626656535
a new species of blattisocius (acari: mesostigmata: blattisociidae), with a new characterisation of the genus.a new species of blattisocius keegan, blattisocius thaicocofloris n. sp., is described from thailand from adult females and males, raising to 18 the number of species known in this genus. this is the first species of this genus described from flowers (of cocos nucifera l.; arecaceae), although two species, blattisocius apis basha & yousef and blattisocius apisassociae chinniah & mohanasundaram, were reported in association with honeybees, which could suggest an association with flowers. the new ...201526624654
a coconut extra virgin oil-rich diet increases hdl cholesterol and decreases waist circumference and body mass in coronary artery disease patients.saturated fat restriction has been recommended for coronary arterial disease, but the role of coconut oil (cocos nucifera l.) extra virgin, lauric acid source in the management of lipid profile remains unclear.201526545671
the predatory mite neoseiulus paspalivorus (phytoseiidae) in brazil: taxonomic status, reproductive compatibility and morphological and molecular variability.the predatory mite neoseiulus paspalivorus (de leon) is often found in association with the coconut mite, aceria guerreronis keifer. the identification of natural enemies is essential for the definition of biological control strategies. therefore, the present study aimed to confirm whether the mite populations from different northeastern brazilian states identified as n. paspalivorus belong to the same species. this determination was accomplished through the study of morphometric variability in ...201526459378
on the parasitoid complex of butterflies with descriptions of two new species of parasitic wasps (hymenoptera: eulophidae) from goa, india.in comprehensive rearing of butterflies from goa, india, an interesting parasitoid complex of wasps and tachinid flies was found. two new species of parasitic wasps are described and illustrated: tetrastichus thetisae n. sp. (hymenoptera: eulophidae), a gregarious parasitoid reared from the pupa of curetis thetis (drury) (lepidoptera: lycaenidae) on the host plant derris sp., and sympiesis thyrsisae n. sp. (hymenoptera: eulophidae), a gregarious parasitoid reared from the caterpillar of gangara ...201526446545
young coconut juice supplementation results in greater bone mass and bone formation indices in ovariectomized rats: a preliminary study.young coconut juice (cocos nucifera linn.) (ycj) has traditionally been consumed to alleviate symptoms associated with menopause by women in southeast asia. the aim of the present study was to determine the effects of ycj on bone metabolism in ovariectomized rats. female 10-week-old wistar rats were randomly assigned to the following 4 groups: baseline, sham, ovx, and ovx + ycj (n = 10 rats per group). rats in the baseline group were sacrificed immediately, and those in the other groups were sub ...201526443289
ploidy and domestication are associated with genome size variation in palms.the genome size of a species (c-value) is associated with growth, development and adaptation to environmental changes. angiosperm c-values range 1200-fold and frequently vary within species, although little is known about the impacts of domestication on genome size. genome size variation among related species of palms is of evolutionary significance because changes characterize clades and may be associated with polyploidy, transposon amplifications, deletions, or rearrangements. further knowledg ...201526437888
evidence of amblyseius largoensis and euseius alatus as biological control agent of aceria guerreronis.amblyseius largoensis (muma) (acari: phytoseiidae) and euseius alatus de leon (acari: phytoseiidae) are predatory mites that are mostly found on leaves and on the exposed fruit surface of coconut plants. their morphology hampers the access to the microhabitat occupied by aceria guerreronis keifer (acari: eriophyidae), the most important pest of coconut fruits throughout the world. however, it was suggested that they can prey on a. guerreronis under natural conditions when this pest leaves its re ...201526255279
cocos nucifera l. water improves reproductive indices in wistar rats.this study explored the effects of cocos nucifera l. water (cw) on the hypothalamo-pituitary-gonadal axis (hpg) and fertility in wistar rats.201426234118
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