| phenotyping studies to assess the effects of phytopharmaceuticals on in vivo activity of main human cytochrome p450 enzymes. | the extensive use of herbal drugs and their multiple components and modes of action suggests that they may also cause drug interactions by changing the activity of human cytochrome p450 enzymes. the purpose of the present review is to present the available data for the top 14 herbal drug sales in the u. s. studies describing the effects of herbal drugs on phenotyping substrates for individual cyps were identified by a comprehensive medline search. drugs included allium sativum (liliaceae), echin ... | 2012 | 22588833 |
| dose-response relationships between pollination and fruiting refine pollinator comparisons for cranberry (vaccinium macrocarpon [ericaceae]). | comparisons of pollinator efficacy using pollen received on stigmas can be refined by incorporating experimental dose-response relationships for pollen deposition and fruiting responses. a range of discrete pollen doses applied to cranberry stigmas resulted in decelerating curvilinear responses for fruiting, berry size, and seed set. minimum thresholds and maximum asymptotes bounded reproductive responses to incremental stigmatic pollen loads. four bee species were compared for their pollination ... | 2003 | 21659094 |
| exploiting genotyping by sequencing to characterize the genomic structure of the american cranberry through high-density linkage mapping. | the application of genotyping by sequencing (gbs) approaches, combined with data imputation methodologies, is narrowing the genetic knowledge gap between major and understudied, minor crops. gbs is an excellent tool to characterize the genomic structure of recently domesticated (~200 years) and understudied species, such as cranberry (vaccinium macrocarpon ait.), by generating large numbers of markers for genomic studies such as genetic mapping. | 2016 | 27295982 |
| the first genetic map of the american cranberry: exploration of synteny conservation and quantitative trait loci. | the first genetic map of cranberry (vaccinium macrocarpon) has been constructed, comprising 14 linkage groups totaling 879.9 cm with an estimated coverage of 82.2 %. this map, based on four mapping populations segregating for field fruit-rot resistance, contains 136 distinct loci. mapped markers include blueberry-derived simple sequence repeat (ssr) and cranberry-derived sequence-characterized amplified region markers previously used for fingerprinting cranberry cultivars. in addition, ssr marke ... | 2013 | 23224333 |
| botanicals and their bioactive phytochemicals for women's health. | botanical dietary supplements are increasingly popular for women's health, particularly for older women. the specific botanicals women take vary as a function of age. younger women will use botanicals for urinary tract infections, especially vaccinium macrocarpon (cranberry), where there is evidence for efficacy. botanical dietary supplements for premenstrual syndrome (pms) are less commonly used, and rigorous clinical trials have not been done. some examples include vitex agnus-castus (chastebe ... | 2016 | 27677719 |
| potential health benefits and quality of dried fruits: goji fruits, cranberries and raisins. | dried fruits are important snacks and additives to other foods due to their taste and nutritional advantages. therefore there is an important goal to control the quality of the food on the market for consumer's safety. antioxidant activity of goji fruits (lycium barbarum), cranberries (vaccinium macrocarpon and oxycoccus) and raisins (vitis vinifera) were studied using the dpph (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl) and folin-ciocalteu assays. cu, mn and ge influencing antioxidant activity were determi ... | 0 | 27979197 |
| antiadhesive activity and metabolomics analysis of rat urine after cranberry (vaccinium macrocarpon aiton) administration. | cranberry (vaccinium macrocarpon aiton) is used to treat noncomplicated urinary tract infections (utis). a-type procyanidins (pac-a) are considered the active constituents able to inhibit bacterial adhesion to the urinary epithelium. however, the role of pac-a in utis is debated, because of their poor bioavailability, extensive metabolism, limited knowledge about urinary excretion, and contradictory clinical trials. the effects of 35-day cranberry supplementation (11 mg/kg pac-a, 4 mg/kg pac-b) ... | 2017 | 28635280 |
| effect of cranberry (vaccinium macrocarpon) oligosaccharides on the formation of advanced glycation end-products. | background: the formation and accumulation of advanced glycation end-products (ages) are implicated in several chronic human illnesses including type-2 diabetes, renal failure, and neurodegenerative diseases. the cranberry (vaccinium macrocarpon) fruit has been previously reported to show anti-ages effects, attributed primarily to its phenolic constituents. however, there is lack of similar data on the non-phenolic constituents found in the cranberry fruit, in particular, its carbohydrate consti ... | 2016 | 28649289 |
| enteric-coated and highly standardized cranberry extract reduces antibiotic and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug use for urinary tract infections during radiotherapy for prostate carcinoma. | worldwide, bacterial resistance to antibiotic therapy is a major concern for the medical community. antibiotic resistance mainly affects gram-negative bacteria that are an important cause of lower urinary tract infections (lutis). pelvic irradiation for prostate cancer is a risk factor for lutis. cranberry extract is reported to reduce the incidence of lutis. the prophylactic role of an enteric-coated, highly standardized cranberry extract (vo370(®)) in reducing luti episodes, urinary discomfort ... | 2017 | 28491861 |
| characterization of the key aroma volatile compounds in cranberry (vaccinium macrocarpon ait.) using gas chromatography-olfactometry (gc-o) and odor activity value (oav). | the volatile compounds of cranberries obtained from four cultivars (early black, y1; howes, y2; searles, y3; and mcfarlin, y4) were analyzed by gas chromatography-olfactometry (gc-o), gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (gc-ms), and gc-flame photometric detection (fpd). the result presented that a total of thirty-three, thirty-four, thirty-four, and thirty-six odor-active compounds were identified by gc-o in the y1, y2, y3, and y4, respectively. in addition, twenty-two, twenty-two, thirty, and ... | 2016 | 27265519 |
| cranberry resistance to dodder parasitism: induced chemical defenses and behavior of a parasitic plant. | parasitic plants are common in many ecosystems, where they can structure community interactions and cause major economic damage. for example, parasitic dodder (cuscuta spp.) can cause up to 80-100 % yield loss in heavily infested cranberry (vaccinium macrocarpon) patches. despite their ecological and economic importance, remarkably little is known about how parasitic plants affect, or are affected by, host chemistry. to examine chemically-mediated interactions between dodder and its cranberry ho ... | 2016 | 26905738 |
| micropropagation of vaccinium sp. by in vitro axillary shoot proliferation. | the vaccinium genus contains several valuable fruit and ornamental species, among others: highbush blueberry (vaccinium × corymbosum l.), cranberry (vaccinium macrocarpon ait.), and lingonberry (vaccinium vitis-idaea l.). in some most popular and valuable cultivars, the conventional propagation methods, exploiting hard or soft wood cuttings, are inefficient. the demand for nursery plants could be fulfilled only by micropropagation. in principle cultivars are propagated in vitro through similar t ... | 2013 | 23179690 |
| consumption of plant food supplements in the netherlands. | the use of food supplements containing herbs or other botanical ingredients (plant food supplements, pfs) is on the rise. in some cases, pfs can contain compounds that are toxic and may pose a health risk. to assess the potential health risks, information on the consumption of pfs is required, however, this was lacking for the netherlands. in the current study, the consumption of pfs was investigated for several subgroups in the dutch population, including children. data from the dutch national ... | 2018 | 29184939 |
| fragman: an r package for fragment analysis. | determination of microsatellite lengths or other dna fragment types is an important initial component of many genetic studies such as mutation detection, linkage and quantitative trait loci (qtl) mapping, genetic diversity, pedigree analysis, and detection of heterozygosity. a handful of commercial and freely available software programs exist for fragment analysis; however, most of them are platform dependent and lack high-throughput applicability. | 2016 | 27098093 |
| [erectile dysfunction - treatment with substances of natural origin]. | the article discusses erectile dysfunction (ed) with the special emphasis on epidemiology, as well as the currently available medical treatments. describing treatment methods authors paid special attention to natural therapies (as panax ginseng, tribulus terrestris, vaccinium macrocarpon), because taking into consideration their safety profile, they appear to be an important alternative to therapies with synthetic molecules. from substances of natural origin, extract from the fruit of tribulus t ... | 2016 | 28478429 |
| single-laboratory validation for determination of total soluble proanthocyanidins in cranberry using 4-dimethylaminocinnamaldehyde. | american cranberry (vaccinium macrocarpon) is native to eastern north america. recent studies have suggested that the a-type proanthocyanidins (pacs) in cranberries are effective in preventing urinary tract infection. to meet the growing interest in the cranberry market, an accurate, reliable, and simple method to determine pac concentration is needed. in this study, a modified method using 4-dimethylaminocinnamaldehyde to quantify total pacs in cranberry products was validated. cranberry juice ... | 2017 | 28982414 |
| inhibitory activity of chokeberry, bilberry, raspberry and cranberry polyphenol-rich extract towards adipogenesis and oxidative stress in differentiated 3t3-l1 adipose cells. | berries are a rich source of antioxidants and phytochemicals that have received considerable interest for their possible relations to human health. in this study, the anti-adipogenic effect of polyphenol-rich extract obtained from chokeberry aronia melanocarpa (michx.) elliot, raspberry rubus idaeus l., bilberry vaccinium myrtillus l. and cranberry vaccinium macrocarpon aiton fruits and its underlying molecular mechanisms were investigated in differentiated 3t3-l1 adipose cells. treatment with t ... | 2017 | 29182628 |
| phytochemical compounds and antioxidant activity in different cultivars of cranberry (vaccinium macrocarpon l). | cranberries can be a component of a healthy diet, because they are a great source of health-promoting compounds and nutrients. the aims of this study were to evaluated phytochemicals and antioxidant activity in 6 cultivars of cranberry fruit grown in poland. the content of polyphenols, carotenoids, chlorophylls, and triterpenoids were determined with the use of uplc-pda-ms/ms, although antioxidant activity was examined with dpph, abts, and frap assays. the cvs. "franklin," "howes," and "stevens" ... | 2017 | 28973819 |
| advantages of a validated uplc-ms/ms standard addition method for the quantification of a-type dimeric and trimeric proanthocyanidins in cranberry extracts in comparison with well-known quantification methods. | the berries of vaccinium macrocarpon, cranberry, are widely used for the prevention of urinary tract infections. this species contains a-type proanthocyanidins (pacs), which intervene in the initial phase of the development of urinary tract infections by preventing the adherence of escherichia coli by their p-type fimbriae to uroepithelial cells. unfortunately, the existing clinical studies used different cranberry preparations, which were poorly standardized. because of this, the results were h ... | 2018 | 28950214 |
| cranberry proanthocyanidins - protein complexes for macrophage activation. | in this work we characterize the interaction of cranberry (vaccinium macrocarpon) proanthocyanidins (pac) with bovine serum albumin (bsa) and hen egg-white lysozyme (hel) and determine the effects of these complexes on macrophage activation and antigen presentation. we isolated pac from cranberry and complexed the isolated pac with bsa and hel. the properties of the pac-protein complexes were studied by matrix assisted laser desorption ionization time of flight mass spectrometry (maldi-tof ms), ... | 2017 | 28861555 |
| development and validation of 697 novel polymorphic genomic and est-ssr markers in the american cranberry (vaccinium macrocarpon ait.). | the american cranberry, vaccinium macrocarpon ait., is an economically important north american fruit crop that is consumed because of its unique flavor and potential health benefits. however, a lack of abundant, genome-wide molecular markers has limited the adoption of modern molecular assisted selection approaches in cranberry breeding programs. to increase the number of available markers in the species, this study identified, tested, and validated microsatellite markers from existing nuclear ... | 2015 | 25633331 |
| gypsy moth herbivory induced volatiles and reduced parasite attachment to cranberry hosts. | interactions between species can have cascading effects that shape subsequent interactions. for example, herbivory can induce plant defenses that affect subsequent interactions with herbivores, pathogens, mycorrhizae, and pollinators. parasitic plants are present in most ecosystems, and play important roles in structuring communities. however, the effects of host herbivory on parasitic plants, and the potential mechanisms underlying such effects, are not well known. we conducted a greenhouse stu ... | 2017 | 28803341 |
| characterization and quantification of flavonoids and organic acids over fruit development in american cranberry (vaccinium macrocarpon) cultivars using hplc and apci-ms/ms. | cranberry flavonoids, including anthocyanins, flavonol glycosides and proanthocyanidins, and organic acids were characterized and quantified by hplc and lc-ms/ms during fruit development and ripening in eight cranberry cultivars. anthocyanin biosynthesis initiated at early fruit development and reached highest level in mature fruit, with significant differences between cultivars. major flavonol glycosides, including the most abundant quercetin-3-galactoside and myricetin-3-galactoside, showed co ... | 2017 | 28716425 |
| effect of sweetened dried cranberry consumption on urinary proteome and fecal microbiome in healthy human subjects. | the relationship among diet, human health, and disease is an area of growing interest in biomarker research. previous studies suggest that the consumption of cranberries (vaccinium macrocarpon) could beneficially influence urinary and digestive health. the present study sought to determine if daily consumption of sweetened dried cranberries (sdc) changes the urinary proteome and fecal microbiome, as determined in a prospective sample of 10 healthy individuals. baseline urine and fecal samples we ... | 2017 | 28618237 |
| a polyphenol-rich cranberry extract protects from diet-induced obesity, insulin resistance and intestinal inflammation in association with increased akkermansia spp. population in the gut microbiota of mice. | the increasing prevalence of obesity and type 2 diabetes (t2d) demonstrates the failure of conventional treatments to curb these diseases. the gut microbiota has been put forward as a key player in the pathophysiology of diet-induced t2d. importantly, cranberry (vaccinium macrocarpon aiton) is associated with a number of beneficial health effects. we aimed to investigate the metabolic impact of a cranberry extract (ce) on high fat/high sucrose (hfhs)-fed mice and to determine whether its consequ ... | 2015 | 25080446 |
| [evaluation of the effects of a natural dietary supplement with cranberry, noxamicina® and d-mannose in recurrent urinary infections in perimenopausal women]. | the female genital apparatus, the urinary tract and the perineal supporting tissues share a common embryological origin, whose differentiation depends on the action of estrogens. in adult women, the progressive decline of the ovarian function, with the ensuing estrogen deprivation, reduces tissue tropism causing urogenital atrophy, which makes these organs much more susceptible to traumatisms and urinary infections. the disorders associated with changes in the urogenital tract of peri- and postm ... | 2017 | 28608666 |
| morphometric abnormalities in spleen and kidney of the progeny of mice fed american cranberry extract (vaccinium macrocarpon) during pregnancy and lactation. | cranberries and cranberry-derived diet supplements are often recommended for the treatment of urinary tract infections, also during pregnancy. these products contain strongly anti-angiogenic chemical compounds which could not be indifferent to the developing fetus. in the present work we evaluated the effect of feeding pregnant and lactating mice american cranberry extract (daily dose 0.88 mg) on the morphology and some parameters of spleen and kidney function of their adult progeny. six weeks a ... | 2017 | 28525344 |
| cranberry (vaccinium macrocarpon) extract treatment improves triglyceridemia, liver cholesterol, liver steatosis, oxidative damage and corticosteronemia in rats rendered obese by high fat diet. | obese individuals have higher production of reactive oxygen species, which leads to oxidative damage. we hypothesize that cranberry extract (ce) can improve this dysfunction in hfd-induced obesity in rats since it has an important antioxidant activity. here, we evaluated the effects of ce in food intake, adiposity, biochemical and hormonal parameters, lipogenic and adipogenic factors, hepatic morphology and oxidative balance in a hfd model. | 2017 | 28501921 |
| the american cranberry mitochondrial genome reveals the presence of selenocysteine (trna-sec and secis) insertion machinery in land plants. | this is the first de novo assembly and annotation of a complete mitochondrial genome in the ericales order from the american cranberry (vaccinium macrocarpon ait.). moreover, only four complete asterid mitochondrial genomes have been made publicly available. the cranberry mitochondrial genome was assembled and reconstructed from whole genome 454 roche gs-flx and illumina shotgun sequences. compared with other asterids, the reconstruction of the genome revealed an average size mitochondrion (459, ... | 2014 | 24342657 |
| construction of a high-density american cranberry (vaccinium macrocarpon ait.) composite map using genotyping-by-sequencing for multi-pedigree linkage mapping. | the american cranberry (vaccinium macrocarpon ait.) is a recently domesticated, economically important, fruit crop with limited molecular resources. new genetic resources could accelerate genetic gain in cranberry through characterization of its genomic structure and by enabling molecular-assisted breeding strategies. to increase the availability of cranberry genomic resources, genotyping-by-sequencing (gbs) was used to discover and genotype thousands of single nucleotide polymorphisms (snps) wi ... | 2017 | 28250016 |
| flight synchrony among the major moth pests of cranberries in the upper midwest, usa. | the cranberry fruitworm (acrobasis vaccinii riley), sparganothis fruitworm (sparganothis sulfureana clemens), and blackheaded fireworm (rhopobota naevana hübner) are historically significant pests of cranberries (vaccinium macrocarpon aiton) in the upper midwest (wisconsin), usa. their respective natural histories are well documented but correlations between developmental benchmarks (e.g., larval eclosion) and degree-day accruals are not yet known. treatment timings are critical to the optimizat ... | 2017 | 28245642 |
| phenolics of selected cranberry genotypes (vaccinium macrocarpon ait.) and their antioxidant efficacy. | free, esterified, and bound phenolic fractions of berries from five different cranberry genotypes and two market samples were evaluated for their total phenolic, flavonoid, and monomeric anthocyanin contents as well as their antioxidant efficacy using teac, orac, dpph radical, reducing power, and ferrous ion chelation capacity assays. hplc-ms/ms analysis was performed for two of the rich sources (pilgrim and wild clone nl2) of phenolics and high antioxidant activity. among the genotypes, pilgrim ... | 2016 | 27960275 |
| jasmonate-mediated induced volatiles in the american cranberry, vaccinium macrocarpon: from gene expression to organismal interactions. | jasmonates, i.e., jasmonic acid (ja) and methyl jasmonate (meja), are signaling hormones that regulate a large number of defense responses in plants which in turn affect the plants' interactions with herbivores and their natural enemies. here, we investigated the effect of jasmonates on the emission of volatiles in the american cranberry, vaccinium macrocarpon, at different levels of biological organization from gene expression to organismal interactions. at the molecular level, four genes (bcs, ... | 2013 | 23641249 |
| high performance thin layer chromatography-densitometry: a step further for quality control of cranberry extracts. | a method for selective quantitation of catechin, proanthocyanidin (pac) a2 and pac-b1 in american cranberry (vaccinium macrocarpon) extracts using high performance thin layer chromatography (hptlc)-densitometry is presented. methylene chloride/ethyl acetate/formic acid (6:10:1, v/v) as the mobile phase and 1% vanillin hydrochloric solution as staining reagent were used. in these conditions, three standards considered as quality markers, catechin, pac-a2 and pac-b1, were well resolved allowing si ... | 2013 | 23561183 |
| cranberry intervention in patients with prostate cancer prior to radical prostatectomy. clinical, pathological and laboratory findings. | recently, we described an inverse association between cranberry supplementation and serum prostate specific antigen (psa) in patients with negative biopsy for prostate cancer (pca) and chronic nonbacterial prostatitis. this double blind placebo controlled study evaluates the effects of cranberry consumption on psa values and other markers in men with pca before radical prostatectomy. | 2016 | 27833172 |
| cranberry extract attenuates hepatic inflammation in high-fat-fed obese mice. | cranberry (vaccinium macrocarpon) consumption has been associated with health beneficial effects. nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (nafld) is a comorbidity of obesity. in the present study, we investigated the effect of a polyphenol-rich cranberry extract (cbe) on hepatic inflammation in high fat (hf)-fed obese c57bl/6j mice. following dietary treatment with 0.8% cbe for 10 weeks, we observed no change in body weight or visceral fat mass in cbe-supplemented mice compared to hf-fed control mice. ... | 2016 | 27619543 |
| [erectile dysfunction - treatment with substances of natural origin]. | the article discusses erectile dysfunction (ed) with the special emphasis on epidemiology, as well as the currently available medical treatments. describing treatment methods authors paid special attention to natural therapies (as panax ginseng, tribulus terrestris, vaccinium macrocarpon), because taking into consideration their safety profile, they appear to be an important alternative to therapies with synthetic molecules. from substances of natural origin, extract from the fruit of tribulus t ... | 2017 | 27717948 |
| antiurease and anti-oxidant activity of vaccinium macrocarpon fruit. | the objective of present study was to evaluate the antiurease and anti-oxidant activity of vaccinium macrocarpon fruit. the parent extract was ethanolic extract while its sub fractions were prepared in n-hexane, chloroform and n-butanol. the method based on scavenging activity and reduction capability of 1, 1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl radical (dpph). n-butanol fraction was the most effective antioxidant with 87.0±1.15 activity but the activity was less than ascorbic acid i.e. 93.74±0.12. highly ... | 2016 | 27592488 |
| inhibitory effect of cranberry extract on periodontopathogenic biofilm: an integrative review. | combating biofilm-dependent oral infections involves the use of synthetic antibiotics, which are often associated with bacterial resistance and adverse effects. as a result, herbs such as cranberry have emerged as an alternative treatment. the aim of this study was to evaluate, through an integrative literature review, the effectiveness of cranberry extract on cultures and biofilms of periodontopathogenic bacteria. | 2017 | 29242685 |
| oxygen radical absorbing capacity of phenolics in blueberries, cranberries, chokeberries, and lingonberries. | the antioxidant activity of phenolics in fruits of blueberry (vaccinium corymbosum cv. sierra), cranberry (vaccinium macrocarpon cv. ben lear), wild chokeberry (aronia melanocarpa), and lingonberry (vaccinium vitis-idaea cv. amberland) was determined in this study. the phenolic constituents and contents among the different berries varied considerably. anthocyanins were found to be the main components in all these berries. chlorogenic acid in blueberry, quercetin glycosides in cranberry and lingo ... | 2003 | 12517117 |
| development of sparganothis sulfureana (lepidoptera: tortricidae) on cranberry cultivars. | sparganothis fruitworm (sparganothis sulfureana clemens) (lepidoptera: tortricidae) is a serious pest of cranberry (vaccinium macrocarpon aiton), a native north american fruit cultivated in northern regions of the united states and southeastern canada. this study assessed antibiosis in several cranberry cultivars commonly grown in wisconsin. five cultivars previously shown to host different levels of populations of s. sulfureana in commercial cranberry were assessed in this study to evaluate the ... | 2018 | 29301287 |
| hplc-msn identification and quantification of flavonol glycosides in 28 wild and cultivated berry species. | berries and red fruits are rich dietary sources of polyphenols with reported health benefits. more than 50 different flavonols (glycosides of quercetin, myricetin, kaempferol, isorhamnetin, syringetin and laricitrin) have been detected and quantified with hplc-ms(n) in fruits of blueberry, bilberry, cranberry, lingonberry, eastern shadbush, japanese wineberry, black mulberry, chokeberry, red, black and white currants, jostaberry, red and white gooseberry, hardy kiwifruit, goji berry, rowan, dog ... | 2012 | 22980782 |
| composition of sugars, organic acids, and total phenolics in 25 wild or cultivated berry species. | sugars, organic acids, and total phenolic content in fruit of 25 wild and cultivated berry species were identified and quantified with high-performance liquid chromatograph. the composition of sugars, organic acids, and total phenolic compounds in various species of vaccinium, rubus, ribes, and fragaria genus was evaluated. additonally, total phenolics of less known berry species of the morus, amelanchier, sorbus, sambucus, rosa, lycium, actinidia, and aronia genus were determined in wild growin ... | 2012 | 22924969 |
| authentication of punica granatum l.: development of scar markers for the detection of 10 fruits potentially used in economically motivated adulteration. | the large commercial success of pomegranate increase the likelihood of economically motivated adulteration (ema), which has been gradually spotted with the undeclared addition of anthocyanin-rich plants or cheaper fruit juices used as bulking and diluting agents. a method based on sequence-characterized amplified regions (scars) was developed to detect the presence of aristotelia chilensis, aronia melanocarpa, dioscorea alata, euterpe oleracea, malus×domestica, morus nigra, sambucus nigra, vacci ... | 2016 | 26920316 |
| comparison of isolated cranberry (vaccinium macrocarpon ait.) proanthocyanidins to catechin and procyanidins a2 and b2 for use as standards in the 4-(dimethylamino)cinnamaldehyde assay. | the 4-(dimethylamino)cinnamaldehyde (dmac) assay is currently used to quantify proanthocyanidin (pac) content in cranberry products. however, this method suffers from issues of accuracy and precision in the analysis and comparison of pac levels across a broad range of cranberry products. current use of procyanidin a2 as a standard leads to an underestimation of pacs content in certain cranberry products, especially those containing higher molecular weight pacs. to begin to address the issue of a ... | 2012 | 22533362 |
| anti-inflammatory activity of berry fruits in mice model of inflammation is based on oxidative stress modulation. | many fruits have been used as nutraceuticals because the presence of bioactive molecules that play biological activities. | 2016 | 27114691 |
| effects of cranberry components on il-1β-stimulated production of il-6, il-8 and vegf by human tmj synovial fibroblasts. | osteoarthritis (oa) in the tmj is characterized by deterioration of articular cartilage and secondary inflammatory changes. interleukin-1β (il-1β) stimulates il-6, il-8, and vascular endothelial growth factor (vegf) in synovial fluid of tmj with internal derangement and bony changes. the cranberry (vaccinium macrocarpon) contains polyphenolic compounds that inhibit production of pro-inflammatory molecules by gingival cells in response to several stimulators. this study examined effects of cranbe ... | 2016 | 27107382 |
| de novo sequencing and analysis of the cranberry fruit transcriptome to identify putative genes involved in flavonoid biosynthesis, transport and regulation. | cranberries (vaccinium macrocarpon ait.), renowned for their excellent health benefits, are an important berry crop. here, we performed transcriptome sequencing of one cranberry cultivar, from fruits at two different developmental stages, on the illumina hiseq 2000 platform. our main goals were to identify putative genes for major metabolic pathways of bioactive compounds and compare the expression patterns between white fruit (w) and red fruit (r) in cranberry. | 2015 | 26330221 |
| cranberry extract-enriched diets increase nad(p)h:quinone oxidoreductase and catalase activities in obese but not in nonobese mice. | consumption of antioxidant-enriched diets is 1 method of addressing obesity, which is associated with chronic oxidative stress and changes in the activity/expression of various enzymes. in this study, we hypothesized that the modulation of antioxidant enzymes and redox status through a cranberry extract (cbe)-enriched diet would differ between obese and nonobese mice. the cbe used in this study was obtained from the american cranberry (vaccinium macrocarpon, ericaceae), a popular constituent of ... | 2015 | 26319613 |
| are high proanthocyanidins key to cranberry efficacy in the prevention of recurrent urinary tract infection? | most research on american cranberry in the prevention of urinary tract infection (uti) has used juices. the spectrum of components in juice is limited. this study tested whether whole cranberry fruit powder (proanthocyanidin content 0.56%) could prevent recurrent uti in 182 women with two or more uti episodes in the last year. participants were randomized to a cranberry (n = 89) or a placebo group (n = 93) and received daily 500 mg of cranberry for 6 months. the number of uti diagnoses was count ... | 2015 | 26268913 |
| cranberry fruit powder (flowens™) improves lower urinary tract symptoms in men: a double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled study. | lower urinary tract symptoms (luts) and benign prostatic hyperplasia increase with age. to date, several medications are available to treat luts, including herbal remedies which offer less side effects but lack robust efficacy studies. | 2016 | 26049866 |
| phytochemical diversity of cranberry (vaccinium macrocarpon aiton) cultivars by anthocyanin determination and metabolomic profiling with chemometric analysis. | originally native to the eastern united states, american cranberry ( vaccinium macrocarpon aiton, family ericaceae) cultivation of native and hybrid varieties has spread across north america. herein is reported the phytochemical diversity of five cranberry cultivars (stevens, ben lear, bergman, pilgrim, and gh1) collected in the greater vancouver regional district, by anthocyanin content and uplc-tof-ms metabolomic profiling. the anthocyanin content for biological replicates (n = 5) was determin ... | 2012 | 22148867 |
| metabolomics for phytochemical discovery: development of statistical approaches using a cranberry model system. | metabolomics is the qualitative and quantitative analysis of all of the small molecules in a biological sample at a specific time and influence. technologies for metabolomics analysis have developed rapidly as new analytical tools for chemical separations, mass spectrometry, and nmr spectroscopy have emerged. plants have one of the largest metabolomes, and it is estimated that the average plant leaf can contain upward of 30 000 phytochemicals. in the past decade, over 1200 papers on plant metabo ... | 2015 | 25751407 |
| effect of standardized cranberry extract on the activity and expression of selected biotransformation enzymes in rat liver and intestine. | the use of dietary supplements containing cranberry extract is a common way to prevent urinary tract infections. as consumption of these supplements containing a mixture of concentrated anthocyanins and proanthocyanidins has increased, interest in their possible interactions with drug-metabolizing enzymes has grown. in this in vivo study, rats were treated with a standardized cranberry extract (cysticran®) obtained from vaccinium macrocarpon in two dosage schemes (14 days, 0.5 mg of proanthocyan ... | 2014 | 25237750 |
| american cranberry (proanthocyanidin 120 mg): its value for the prevention of urinary tracts infections after ureteral catheter placement. | urinary tract infection (uti) is among the most frequent complications after urinary tract surgical procedures, mainly when catheter placement is necessary. although the use of american cranberry has been related with a reduced risk of uti, there is no study reporting the value of its prevention effect against catheter-associated urinary tract infections. | 2015 | 25204992 |
| flavonoids and phenolic acids from cranberry juice are bioavailable and bioactive in healthy older adults. | cranberries (vaccinium macrocarpon) are a rich source of phenolic phytochemicals, which likely contribute to their putative health benefits. a single-dose pharmacokinetic trial was conducted in 10 healthy adults ⩾50y to evaluate the acute (24-h) absorption and excretion of flavonoids, phenolic acids and proanthocyanidins (pacs) from a low-calorie cranberry juice cocktail (54% juice). inter-individual variability was observed in the cmax and tmax of many of these compounds in both plasma and urin ... | 2015 | 25172705 |
| the american cranberry: first insights into the whole genome of a species adapted to bog habitat. | the american cranberry (vaccinium macrocarpon ait.) is one of only three widely-cultivated fruit crops native to north america- the other two are blueberry (vaccinium spp.) and native grape (vitis spp.). in terms of taxonomy, cranberries are in the core ericales, an order for which genome sequence data are currently lacking. in addition, cranberries produce a host of important polyphenolic secondary compounds, some of which are beneficial to human health. whereas next-generation sequencing techn ... | 2014 | 24927653 |
| variation in proanthocyanidin content and composition among commonly grown north american cranberry cultivars (vaccinium macrocarpon). | cranberry fruit (vaccinium macrocarpon) is rich in polyphenols, particularly oligomeric proanthocyanidins (pacs) possessing antimicrobial and antioxidant properties. pacs may play a role in resistance to fruit rot. although many cranberry cultivars are grown for use in foods, beverages and nutraceuticals, data on pac content among cultivars is limited. eight cultivars were sampled from four growing regions during the 2010 season and analyzed for pac content and composition. | 2014 | 24532348 |
| cranberry versus placebo in the prevention of urinary infections in multiple sclerosis: a multicenter, randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind trial. | our aim was to assess the usefulness of cranberry extract in multiple sclerosis (ms) patients suffering from urinary disorders. | 2014 | 24402038 |
| cranberry juice fails to prevent recurrent urinary tract infection: results from a randomized placebo-controlled trial. | a number of observational studies and a few small or open randomized clinical trials suggest that the american cranberry may decrease incidence of recurring urinary tract infection (uti). | 2011 | 21148516 |
| phytochemicals in fruits of hawaiian wild cranberry relatives. | cranberries (vaccinium macrocarpon ait.) contain high levels of phytochemicals such as proanthocyanidins (pacs). these polymeric condensations of flavan-3-ol monomers are associated with health benefits. our objective was to evaluate phytochemicals in fruit from hawaiian cranberry relatives, v. reticulatum sm. and v. calycinum sm. normal-phase hplc coupled with fluorescence and esi-ms detected pacs; the colorimetric 4-dimethylaminocinnamaldehyde (dmac) assay was used to determine total pacs. spe ... | 2014 | 24154960 |
| cranberry flowering times and climate change in southern massachusetts. | plants in wild and agricultural settings are being affected by the warmer temperatures associated with climate change. here we examine the degree to which the iconic new england cranberry, vaccinium macrocarpon, is exhibiting signs of altered flowering phenology. using contemporary records from commercial cranberry bogs in southeastern massachusetts in the united states, we found that cranberry plants are responsive to temperature. flowering is approximately 2 days earlier for each 1 °c increase ... | 2014 | 24018848 |
| impact of early season apical meristem injury by gall inducing tipworm (diptera: cecidomyiidae) on reproductive and vegetative growth of cranberry. | larvae of cranberry tipworm, dasineura oxycoccana johnson, disrupt early season growth of cranberry (vaccinium macrocarpon aiton) uprights or shoots by feeding on apical meristem tissue. a 2-yr field study was carried out at three different locations to determine the impact of tipworm feeding injury on the reproductive and vegetative growth of two cranberry cultivars ('howes' and 'stevens') in massachusetts. in addition to tipworm-injured and intact control uprights, an artificial injury treatme ... | 2013 | 23865200 |
| phytochemicals of cranberries and cranberry products: characterization, potential health effects, and processing stability. | emerging evidence is elucidating how non-nutrient phytochemicals underlie the health promotion afforded by fruits and vegetables. this review focuses on vaccinium macrocarpon, the american cranberry, compiling a comprehensive list of its known phytochemical components, and detailing their prevalence in cranberry fruit and its products. flavonoids, especially colored anthocyanins, abundant flavonols, and unique proanthocyanidins, have attracted major research attention. other notable active compo ... | 2009 | 20443158 |
| effectiveness of a cranberry (vaccinium macrocarpon) preparation in reducing asymptomatic bacteriuria in patients with an ileal enterocystoplasty. | bacteriuria is a usual complication of enterocystoplasty following cystectomy. cranberry products may decrease the number of urinary tract infections because of a non-dialysable compound, a condensed tannin, the proanthocyanidin (pac) type a. this study determined the effectiveness of treatment with a cranberry preparation highly dosed in proanthocyanidin a in prevention of repeated bacteriuria in patients with an ileal enterocystoplasty. | 2010 | 20367451 |
| inhibition of interleukin-17-stimulated interleukin-6 and -8 production by cranberry components in human gingival fibroblasts and epithelial cells. | gingival epithelial cells and fibroblasts participate in periodontal inflammation and destruction, producing interleukin (il)-6, a regulator of osteoclastic bone resorption, and the neutrophil chemoattractant il-8. il-17, a product of t-helper 17 cells, may play a role in periodontitis by stimulating cytokine production by gingival cells. the cranberry (vaccinium macrocarpon) is rich in polyphenols, particularly proanthocyanidins, which have antioxidant and other beneficial properties. cranberry ... | 2013 | 23441749 |
| effect of ph on anti-rotavirus activity by comestible juices and proanthocyanidins in a cell-free assay system. | cranberry (vaccinium macrocarpon) and grape (vitis labrusca) juices, and these species' secondary plant metabolites [i.e., proanthocyanidins (pacs)] possess antiviral activity. an understanding of the mechanism(s) responsible for these juices and their polyphenolic constituents' direct effect on enteric virus integrity, however, remains poorly defined. using the rotavirus (rtv) as a model enteric virus system, the direct effect of manufacturer-supplied and commercially purchased juices [ocean sp ... | 2012 | 23412889 |
| quantifying and characterizing proanthocyanidins in cranberries in relation to urinary tract health. | the "a-type" proanthocyanidins in cranberry fruit (vaccinium macrocarpon ait.) are bioactive components associated with prevention of urinary tract infections (uti). cranberry juice, fruit (fresh and dried), functional foods, and cranberry dietary supplements are promoted for prevention of uti and for maintenance of urinary tract health (uth), on the basis of their content of cranberry proanthocyanidins (c-pac) with "a-type" interflavan bonds. with increasing consumer use of cranberries for main ... | 2013 | 23397091 |
| safety and efficacy of cranberry (vaccinium macrocarpon) during pregnancy and lactation. | there is a lack of basic knowledge on the part of both clinicians and patients as to the indications for use and safety of herbs used during pregnancy and lactation. this is one article in a series that systematically reviews the evidence for herbs commonly used during pregnancy and lactation. | 2008 | 18204103 |
| identification of polyphenols and their metabolites in human urine after cranberry-syrup consumption. | as the beneficial effects of american cranberry (vaccinium macrocarpon) can be partly attributed to its phenolic composition, the evaluation of the physiological behaviour of this fraction is crucial. a rapid and sensitive method by ultra-performance liquid chromatography coupled to quadrupole-time-of-flight mass spectrometry (uplc-q-tof-ms) has been used to identify phenolic metabolites in human urine after a single dose of cranberry syrup. prior to the analysis, metabolites were extracted usin ... | 2013 | 23395719 |
| deconvolution of matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry isotope patterns to determine ratios of a-type to b-type interflavan bonds in cranberry proanthocyanidins. | a method to deconvolute overlapping isotope patterns in positive mode matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (maldi-tof ms) was developed to determine ratios of a- to b-type interflavan bonds in proanthocyanidins that were isolated from cranberry (vaccinium macrocarpon, ait.) press cake (c-pac). precision and accuracy was validated for binary mixtures of procyanidins a2 and b2. deconvolution of c-pac spectra indicated that oligomers with one or more a-type i ... | 2012 | 22953884 |
| comparing procyanidins in selected vaccinium species by uhplc-ms(2) with regard to authenticity and health effects. | cranberry procyanidins have been associated with an effect against urinary tract infections (uti) for decades, and european health claims are requested. this study compares the procyanidin profiles and concentrations of american cranberry ( vaccinium macrocarpon ait.), european cranberry ( vaccinium oxycoccus l.), and lingonberry ( vaccinium vitis-idaea l.) analyzed using ultrahigh-performance liquid chromatoraphy coupled to a triple-quadrupole mass spectrometer with electrospray interface (uhpl ... | 2012 | 22931094 |
| injury to apical meristem of cranberry by dasineura oxycoccana (diptera: cecidomyiidae) reduces production of floral-units in the next growing season. | cranberry tipworm, dasineura oxycoccana johnson (a gall-making fly), disrupts normal growth of cranberry (vaccinium macrocarpon aiton) by injuring the apical meristem of shoots or uprights. the impact of larval feeding injury on reproductive parameters of cranberry was determined, from one growing season to next, at upright (maine and massachusetts, 2008-2009) and plot levels (massachusetts, 2009-2010 and 2010-2011). we also estimated the proportions of uprights injured because of tipworm feedin ... | 2012 | 22928318 |
| temperature-mediated growth thresholds of acrobasis vaccinii (lepidoptera: pyralidae). | degree-day models link ambient temperature to the development of insects, making such models valuable tools in integrated pest management. these models increase management efficacy by quantifying and predicting pest phenology. in wisconsin, the top insect pest of cranberry production is the cranberry fruitworm, acrobasis vaccinii riley (lepidoptera: pyralidae). control of this species is often complicated by the fact that the larvae feed entirely within the fruit. timing of control tactics, ther ... | 2016 | 27174127 |
| investigation on the protective effects of cranberry against the dna damage induced by benzo[a]pyrene. | there are few reports that demonstrate the antigenotoxic potential of cranberries. although the types of berry fruits consumed worldwide are many, this paper focuses on cranberries that are commonly consumed in mexico (vaccinium macrocarpon species). the purpose of the present study is to determine whether cranberry ethanolic extract (cee) can prevent the dna damage produced by benzo[a]pyrene (b[a]p) using an in vivo mouse peripheral blood micronucleus assay. the experimental groups were organiz ... | 2012 | 22499190 |
| comprehensive assessment of the quality of commercial cranberry products. phenolic characterization and in vitro bioactivity. | cranberry (vaccinium macrocarpon) products have been widely recommended in traditional american medicine for the treatment of urinary tract infection (uti). a total of 19 different commercial cranberry products from american and european markets have been analyzed by different global phenolic methods and by uplc-dad-esi-tq ms. in addition, in vitro antioxidant capacity and uropathogenic bacterial antiadhesion activity tests have been performed. results revealed that products found in the market ... | 2012 | 22439747 |
| quantification by uhplc of total individual polyphenols in fruit juices. | the present work proposes a new uhplc-pda-fluorescence method able to identify and quantify the main polyphenols present in commercial fruit juices in a 28-min chromatogram. the proposed method improve the ifu method no. 71 used to evaluate anthocyanins profiles of fruit juices. fruit juices of strawberry, american cranberry, bilberry, sour cherry, black grape, orange, and apple, were analysed identifying 70 of their main polyphenols (23 anthocyanins, 15 flavonols, 6 hydroxybenzoic acids, 14 hyd ... | 2013 | 23411199 |
| a critical approach to evaluating clinical efficacy, adverse events and drug interactions of herbal remedies. | systematic reviews and meta-analyses represent the uppermost ladders in the hierarchy of evidence. systematic reviews/meta-analyses suggest preliminary or satisfactory clinical evidence for agnus castus (vitex agnus castus) for premenstrual complaints, flaxseed (linum usitatissimum) for hypertension, feverfew (tanacetum partenium) for migraine prevention, ginger (zingiber officinalis) for pregnancy-induced nausea, ginseng (panax ginseng) for improving fasting glucose levels as well as phytoestro ... | 2016 | 26887532 |
| hplc method for measurement of human salivary α-amylase inhibition by aqueous plant extracts. | control of hyperglycemia is an important treatment in metabolic disorders such as type ii diabetes and obesity. α-amylase, as the first enzyme of glucose release from dietary polysaccharides, is a potential target to identify new sources of novel anti-obesity and anti-diabetic drugs. in this work, different herbal extracts as α-amylase inhibitors were studied by measuring the rate of the cleavage of a maltooligomer substrate 2-chloro-4-nitrophenyl-β-d-maltoheptoside. measurement of chromophore c ... | 2017 | 28605974 |
| identification of triterpene hydroxycinnamates with in vitro antitumor activity from whole cranberry fruit (vaccinium macrocarpon). | bioactivity-guided fractionation of cranberry fruit was used to determine the identity of triterpenoid esters from vaccinium macrocarpon, which inhibit tumor cell growth and may play a role in cancer prevention. in our previous study, a fraction from whole fruit exhibited tumor cell growth inhibition in vitro. the major components of this fraction were isolated by chromatographic separation of ethyl acetate extracts, purified by semipreparative hplc, and identified by nmr as cis- (1) and trans- ... | 2003 | 12769521 |
| american cranberry (vaccinium macrocarpon) extract affects human prostate cancer cell growth via cell cycle arrest by modulating expression of cell cycle regulators. | prostate cancer is one of the most common cancers in the world, and its prevalence is expected to increase appreciably in the coming decades. as such, more research is necessary to understand the etiology, progression and possible preventative measures to delay or to stop the development of this disease. recently, there has been interest in examining the effects of whole extracts from commonly harvested crops on the behaviour and progression of cancer. here, we describe the effects of whole cran ... | 2012 | 22388548 |
| comparisons of large (vaccinium macrocarpon ait.) and small (vaccinium oxycoccos l., vaccinium vitis-idaea l.) cranberry in british columbia by phytochemical determination, antioxidant potential, and metabolomic profiling with chemometric analysis. | there is a long history of use and modern commercial importance of large and small cranberries in north america. the central objective of the current research was to characterize and compare the chemical composition of 2 west coast small cranberry species traditionally used (vaccinium oxycoccos l. and vaccinium vitis-idaea l.) with the commercially cultivated large cranberry (vaccinium macrocarpon ait.) indigenous to the east coast of north america. v. oxycoccos and v. macrocarpon contained the ... | 2012 | 22337317 |
| using next-generation sequencing approaches to isolate simple sequence repeat (ssr) loci in the plant sciences. | the application of next-generation sequencing (ngs) technologies for the development of simple sequence repeat (ssr) or microsatellite loci for genetic research in the botanical sciences is described. microsatellite markers are one of the most informative and versatile dna-based markers used in plant genetic research, but their development has traditionally been a difficult and costly process. ngs technologies allow the efficient identification of large numbers of microsatellites at a fraction o ... | 2012 | 22186186 |
| cranberries: ripe for more cancer research? | berries have been recognized as a functional food with potential to protect against a variety of health conditions, including some cancers. cranberry (vaccinium macrocarpon) production and consumption have grown in recent years, warranting further evaluation of potential health benefits. extracts and isolated constituents from cranberry fruit inhibit growth and proliferation of tumor cells in vitro, and recent data from animal studies lend further support to cranberry's reputation as a cancer fi ... | 2011 | 21910124 |
| mining and validation of pyrosequenced simple sequence repeats (ssrs) from american cranberry (vaccinium macrocarpon ait.). | the american cranberry (vaccinium macrocarpon ait.) is a major commercial fruit crop in north america, but limited genetic resources have been developed for the species. furthermore, the paucity of codominant dna markers has hampered the advance of genetic research in cranberry and the ericaceae family in general. therefore, we used roche 454 sequencing technology to perform low-coverage whole genome shotgun sequencing of the cranberry cultivar 'hyred'. after de novo assembly, the obtained seque ... | 2012 | 21904845 |
| evaluation of the biochemical components and chromatic properties of the juice of vaccinium macrocarpon aiton and vaccinium oxycoccos l. | benzoic acid, total anthocyanins, soluble solids, titratable acidity, and colour properties in juice of the american cranberry vaccinium macrocarpon and the european cranberry vaccinium oxycoccos were investigated. berry juices of v. macrocarpon cultivars were distinguished by their higher total anthocyanin and benzoic acid amounts. these cultivars accumulated on average 43.11 mg/l of benzoic acid and 92.45 mg/l of total anthocyanins. the levels of benzoic acid and total anthocyanins in v. oxyco ... | 2011 | 21735163 |
| determination of anthocyanins in cranberry fruit and cranberry fruit products by high-performance liquid chromatography with ultraviolet detection: single-laboratory validation. | a single-laboratory validation study was conducted on an hplc method for the detection and quantification of cyanidin-3-o-galactoside (c3ga), cyanidin-3-o-glucoside (c3gi), cyanidin-3-o-arabinoside (c3ar), peonidin-3-o-galactoside (p3ga), and peonidin-3-o-arabinoside (p3ar) in cranberry fruit (vaccinium macrocarpon aiton) raw material and finished products. an extraction procedure using a combination of sonication and shaking with acidified methanol was optimized for all five anthocyanins in fre ... | 2016 | 21563679 |
| association of ethylene dibromide (edb) with mature cranberry (vaccinium macrocarpon) fruit. | ethylene dibromide (edb), a potential carcinogen, has been used in gasoline mixtures to avoid the accumulation of metallic lead in engines. ethylene dibromide is present in the environment and in groundwater. previous analysis has shown that edb levels have reached up to 16 microg l-1 in the groundwater at two fuel spill plumes in the vicinity of the massachusetts military reservation (mmr) base and up to 1.69 microg l-1 in the coonamessett and quashnet rivers in cape cod, ma (u.s. air force irp ... | 2001 | 11312844 |
| effect of phytochemical concentrations on biological activities of cranberry extracts. | plants of cranberry (vaccinium macrocarpon) furnish edible fruits and derivates that have been used for the prevention and treatment of urinary tract infections. in the present work we compare two commercial extracts that contain proanthocyanins (pacs) at 4 percent and 20 percent for antimicrobial, antiproliferative, antiradical and protective properties against oxidative stress on cell lines. both extracts showed antimicrobial activity (mic values range 3-100 microg/ml). extract at 20 percent p ... | 2011 | 21382271 |
| ursolic acid and its esters: occurrence in cranberries and other vaccinium fruit and effects on matrix metalloproteinase activity in du145 prostate tumor cells. | ursolic acid and its cis- and trans-3-o-p-hydroxycinnamoyl esters have been identified as constituents of american cranberries (vaccinium macrocarpon), which inhibit tumor cell proliferation. since the compounds may contribute to berry anticancer properties, their content in cranberries, selected cranberry products, and three other vaccinium species (v. oxycoccus, v. vitis-idaea and v. angustifolium) was determined by liquid chromatography-mass spectroscopy. the ability of these compounds to inh ... | 2011 | 21351105 |
| tracing the history of plant traits under domestication in cranberries: potential consequences on anti-herbivore defences. | the process of selecting certain desirable traits for plant breeding may compromise other potentially important traits, such as defences against pests; however, specific phenotypic changes occurring over the course of domestication are unknown for most domesticated plants. cranberry (vaccinium macrocarpon) offers a unique opportunity to study such changes: its domestication occurred recently, and we have access to the wild ancestors and intermediate varieties used in past crosses. in order to in ... | 2011 | 21289080 |
| analyzing cranberry bioactive compounds. | there is a growing public interest for the north american cranberry (vaccinium macrocarpon) as a functional food because of the potential health benefits linked to phytochemical compounds present in the fruit--the anthocyanin pigments, responsible for its brilliant red color, and other secondary plant metabolites (flavonols, flavan-3-ols, proanthocyanidins, and phenolic acid derivatives). isolation of these phenolic compounds and flavonoids from a sample matrix is a prerequisite to any comprehen ... | 2010 | 20924868 |
| the effectiveness of dried cranberries ( vaccinium macrocarpon) in men with lower urinary tract symptoms. | lower urinary tract symptoms (luts) are a common condition in older men. the objective of the present study was to evaluate the efficacy and tolerability of cranberry (vaccinium macrocarpon) powder in men at risk of prostate disease with luts, elevated prostate-specific antigen (psa), negative prostate biopsy and clinically confirmed chronic non-bacterial prostatitis. forty-two participants received either 1500 mg of the dried powdered cranberries per d for 6 months (cranberry group; n 21) or no ... | 2010 | 20804630 |
| overview on cranberry and urinary tract infections in females. | cranberry (vaccinium macrocarpon) has been used for decades to prevent urinary tract infections (utis) that are among the most common bacterial infections in women. as to the traditional use of cranberry and its a-type proanthocyanidins' ability to inhibit adherence of the bacterial p fimbriae in a dose-dependent manner, clinical trials have been conducted on different subpopulations. a cochrane meta-analysis in 244 females with symptomatic uti suggests that the effect was more pronounced in wom ... | 2010 | 20495471 |
| [cranberries for prevention of recurrent urinary tract infections]. | cranberries have been used for prevention and treatment of urinary tract infections for decades. the berries contain proanthocyanidins that may reduce the susceptibility to infection by preventing bacteria from attaching to uroepithelial cells. several clinical trials have been published during recent years. this article reviews documentation of cranberries on clinical effect, adverse events, drug interactions and use during pregnancy and lactation. | 2009 | 19219097 |
| small genetic differences between ericoid mycorrhizal fungi affect nitrogen uptake by vaccinium. | ericoid mycorrhizal fungi have been shown to differ in their pattern of nitrogen (n) use in pure culture. here, we investigate whether this functional variation is maintained in symbiosis using three ascomycetes from a clade not previously shown to include ericoid mycorrhizal taxa. vaccinium macrocarpon and vaccinium vitis-idaea were inoculated with three fungal strains known to form coils in vaccinium roots, which differed in their patterns of n use in liquid culture. (15)n was used to trace th ... | 2009 | 19021867 |
| anticancer activities of cranberry phytochemicals: an update. | studies employing mainly in vitro tumor models show that extracts and compounds isolated from cranberry fruit (vaccinium macrocarpon) inhibit the growth and proliferation of several types of tumor including breast, colon, prostate, and lung. proanthocyanidin oligomers, flavonol and anthocyanin glycosides and triterpenoids are all likely contributors to the observed anticancer properties and may act in a complementary fashion to limit carcinogenesis. possible chemopreventive mechanisms of action ... | 2008 | 18504707 |
| cranberry and blueberry: evidence for protective effects against cancer and vascular diseases. | growing evidence from tissue culture, animal, and clinical models suggests that the flavonoid-rich fruits of the north american cranberry and blueberry (vaccinium spp.) have the potential ability to limit the development and severity of certain cancers and vascular diseases including atherosclerosis, ischemic stroke, and neurodegenerative diseases of aging. the fruits contain a variety of phytochemicals that could contribute to these protective effects, including flavonoids such as anthocyanins, ... | 2007 | 17533651 |
| stabilization of cranberry anthocyanins in nutraceutical capsules. | anthocyanins can be considered spy-substances, useful in obtaining information regarding the shelf-life of food supplements containing cranberry juice or cranberry-derived extracts. the level of total anthocyanins, as evaluated by high-performance liquid chromatography-diode-array detector and analytically expressed as cyanidin aglycone, represents a 'quality index' useful for routine estimation of shelf-life. the objective of this work was to study the stability of anthocyanins in a commercial ... | 2007 | 17469769 |
| cranberry and its phytochemicals: a review of in vitro anticancer studies. | this article reviews the existing research on the anticancer properties of cranberry fruit and key phytochemicals that are likely contributors to chemoprevention. results from in vitro studies using a variety of tumor models show that polyphenolic extracts from vaccinium macrocarpon inhibit the growth and proliferation of breast, colon, prostate, lung, and other tumors, as do flavonols, proanthocyanidin oligomers, and triterpenoids isolated from the fruit. the unique combination of phytochemical ... | 2007 | 17182824 |