Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year(sorted ascending) Filter | PMID Filter |
|---|
| [clinical and experimental study of xiao er ke cuan ling oral liquid in the treatment of infantile bronchopneumonia]. | xiao er ke chuan ling oral liquid (kcl) is a chinese herbal preparation consisted of 10 herbs such as prunus armeniacae, scutelaria baicalensis, lonicera japonica etc. 30 children suffering from bronchopneumonia and/or acute bronchitis were treated with kcl (treated group) and another 30 cases were treated with penicillin and aminophylline (control group). results: cure rate and effective rate in treated group was 26.6%, and 93.3% respectively. while in control group was 30% and 96.6% respective ... | 1992 | 1304839 |
| interaction of respiratory syncytial virus with human cord blood mononuclear cells. | this study on the interaction between respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) and human cord blood mononuclear cells shows that rsv replication can occur in neonatal macrophages. although neonatal lymphocytes were not supportive of rsv replication, exposure to rsv resulted in significant inhibition of mitogen-induced transformation. both adult and neonatal nk cell cytotoxicity were unaffected by exposure to rsv. these results suggest that rsv has preferential effects on human cord blood mononuclear ce ... | 1992 | 1305815 |
| sequence analysis of m2 mrna of bovine respiratory syncytial virus obtained from an f-m2 dicistronic mrna suggests structural homology with that of human respiratory syncytial virus. | the nucleotide sequences of the f and m2 mrnas of strain a51908 of bovine respiratory syncytial virus (brsv) were determined by sequencing cdna of an intracellular dicistronic mrna. comparison of the f mrna sequence with those of other brsv strains showed that there was extensive sequence identity at both the nucleotide (95% identity) and amino acid (94% identity) levels. alignment of the nucleotide and encoded amino acid sequences of m2 mrna of brsv with those of human respiratory syncytial vir ... | 1992 | 1312130 |
| release of tumor necrosis factor-alpha from bovine alveolar macrophages stimulated with bovine respiratory viruses and bacterial endotoxins. | the release of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (tnf-alpha) from cultured bovine alveolar macrophages (bam) was evaluated following stimulation of bam with bovine herpesvirus-1 (bhv-1), parainfluenza-3 (pi-3) virus, bovine respiratory syncytial virus (brsv), escherichia coli 0111:b4 endotoxin, pasteurella haemolytica type 1 endotoxin, pasteurella multocida endotoxin, and virus/endotoxin combinations. a cytotoxic assay system using georgia bovine kidney cells as targets was used to measure tnf-alpha a ... | 1992 | 1312264 |
| epidemiology and aetiology of acute bronchiolitis in hong kong infants. | the epidemiological, clinical and virological features of 1220 children with acute bronchiolitis admitted to the prince of wales hospital, hong kong, from 1985 to 1988 are reported. they accounted for 6.6% of total paediatric admissions and provided a case incidence of bronchiolitis requiring admission to hospital of approximately 21 per 1000 children 0-24 months of age. the clinical course and outcome was in general benign. the average hospital stay was 5 days and there were no deaths. ten per ... | 1992 | 1312477 |
| effect of macrophages and in vitro infection with parainfluenza type 3 and respiratory syncytial viruses on the mitogenic response of bovine lymphocytes. | bovine blood lymphocytes, depleted of macrophages by absorption on plasma-gelatin coated plastic flasks, followed by passage through sephadex g-10 columns, failed to respond to pokeweed mitogen stimulation. adherent monocytes or alveolar macrophages added to purified lymphocyte preparations at 10% or less were able to restore the transformation response. exposure of alveolar macrophages or purified lymphocytes to 2 bovine respiratory syncytial virus strains for 24 hours substantially reduced the ... | 1992 | 1315492 |
| protein of macaques against infection with simian type d retrovirus (srv-1) by immunization with recombinant vaccinia virus expressing the envelope glycoproteins of either srv-1 or mason-pfizer monkey virus (srv-3). | rhesus macaques were immunized with live vaccinia virus recombinants expressing the envelope glycoproteins (gp70 and gp22) of simian type d retrovirus (srv), serotype 1 or 3. all of the animals immunized with either the srv-1 env or the srv-3 env vaccinia virus recombinant developed neutralizing antibodies against the homologous srv. in addition, both groups developed cross-reactive antibodies and were protected against an intravenous live-virus challenge with srv-1. the four control animals imm ... | 1992 | 1316495 |
| bovine respiratory syncytial virus fusion protein gene: sequence analysis of cdna and expression using a baculovirus vector. | the nucleotide sequence of bovine respiratory syncytial virus (rsv), atcc strain a51908 fusion (f) glycoprotein gene cdna was determined. the amino acid sequence deduced was then compared to those of two different isolates of bovine rsv, strains rb 94 and 391-2, and the a and b subtypes of human rsv, strains 18537 and a2. the bovine rsv f protein is highly conserved between the three isolates, a51908 has 97% amino acid identity to rb 94, and 99% identity to 391-2. the f proteins of both the a an ... | 1992 | 1318950 |
| paget's disease of bone--current thinking and management. | the objective of this article was to critically review the current knowledge on paget's disease of bone, focusing primarily on possible etiologies and trends in management. current courses of treatment are described, including calcitonin, diphosphonate and mithramycin therapy and the efficacy of each drug regime is analyzed. finally, newer, more experimental pharmaceutical agents, such as gallium nitrate, are described. | 1992 | 1321871 |
| activation of human eosinophils in vitro by respiratory syncytial virus. | to determine the nature of the interaction between viruses and eosinophils, normodense eosinophils were separated from the blood of healthy volunteers and incubated in vitro with respiratory syncytial virus (rsv). after incubation for 2 h with the virus, 29.5 +/- 15.8% of the eosinophils demonstrated specific binding of the virus to the cell membrane, as detected by fluorescent staining with an anti-rsv mab. superoxide production and leukotriene c4 release were measured as determinants of cell a ... | 1992 | 1324464 |
| synthesis and antiviral properties of (+/-)-5'-noraristeromycin and related purine carbocyclic nucleosides. a new lead for anti-human cytomegalovirus agent design. | (+/-)-5'-noraristeromycin (3) has been prepared in three steps beginning with the 2,3-o-isopropylidene derivative of (+/-)-(1 alpha, 2 beta, 3 beta, 4 alpha)-4-amino-1,2,3-cyclopentanetriol (7). also prepared from the same starting material were the related hypoxanthine (4), guanine (5), and 2,6-diaminopurine (6) analogues. compounds 3-6 were evaluated for antiviral activity against a large number of viruses with marked activity being observed for 3 towards vaccinia virus, human cytomegalovirus, ... | 1992 | 1326633 |
| treatment of acute pulmonary failure with extracorporeal support: 100% survival in a pediatric population. | since february 1990, five children, aged 10 days to 6.5 years, were treated with extracorporeal lung support at our hospital for acute, unrelenting pulmonary failure. two had viral pneumonia: one with respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) bronchiolitis, and one with herpes simplex virus pneumonia, encephalitis, and disseminated intravascular coagulation. one presented with a febrile illness followed by a pulmonary hemorrhage. two patients had adult respiratory distress syndrome (ards) complicating s ... | 1992 | 1328587 |
| the mannose-specific plant lectins from cymbidium hybrid and epipactis helleborine and the (n-acetylglucosamine)n-specific plant lectin from urtica dioica are potent and selective inhibitors of human immunodeficiency virus and cytomegalovirus replication in vitro. | a series of four mannose(man)-, three n-acetylglucosamine (glcnac)n-, ten n-acetylgalactosamine/galactose(galnac/gal)-, one 5-acetylneuraminic acid (alpha-2,3-gal/galnac)- and one 5-acetylneuroaminic acid(alpha-2,6-gal/gal-nac)-specific plant agglutinins were evaluated for their antiviral activity in vitro. the mannose-specific lectins from the orchid species cymbidium hybrid (ca), epipactis helleborine (eha) and listera ovata (loa) were highly inhibitory to human immunodeficiency virus type 1 ( ... | 1992 | 1329650 |
| viral infections. | viral infections may cause serious morbidity as well as death in elderly patients. of the rna viruses, influenza virus is the most important pathogen; the majority of influenza-related deaths occur in older patients. respiratory syncytial virus appears to be gaining increasing importance in elderly persons. herpes zoster or shingles is caused by the dna virus, varicella-zoster virus, and its major morbidity in older patients is postherpetic neuralgia. | 1992 | 1330279 |
| viral pneumonia in the immunocompromised adult with neoplastic disease: the role of common community respiratory viruses. | until recently, the viruses most often identified in lower respiratory tract infections among immunocompromised adults with neoplastic disease have been the herpesviruses (cytomegalovirus, herpes simplex virus, varicella-zoster virus, human herpesvirus-6) and adenovirus. these viral pneumonias occur with greater frequency and/or severity among these adults than among immunocompetent adults. during the last decade, mounting evidence has suggested that the rna viruses that commonly cause lower res ... | 1992 | 1332171 |
| rapid detection of respiratory viruses using mixtures of monoclonal antibodies on shell vial cultures. | eleven hundred and thirty-three clinical specimens submitted to the laboratory for diagnosis of respiratory virus infections were tested by direct immunofluorescence (dif) for respiratory syncytial virus (rsv), by shell vial culture, and by conventional cell culture. the shell vial cultures were stained with 8 different monoclonal antibodies both 1 day and 3-7 days after inoculation. in order to limit the cost and the workload, mixtures of monoclonal antibodies were used. coverslips with hep-2 c ... | 1992 | 1334129 |
| studies on the epidemiology of child infections. 3. parainfluenza viruses (types 1-4) and respiratory syncytial virus infections. | a seroepidemiological study on the rate of neutralizing antibodies for parainfluenza viruses (types 1-4) and for the respiratory syncytial virus in 2,514 infants and children between 0 and 15 years, residing in bari and its hinterland was carried out. positive results were very high for both the individual parainfluenza serotypes (81.7% for type 3, 78.0% for type 1, 76.6% for type 4, 71.9% for type 2) and for respiratory syncytial virus (88.5%). the pattern of infections due to respiratory syncy ... | 1992 | 1335108 |
| serological titers to bovine herpesvirus 1, bovine viral diarrhea virus, parainfluenza 3 virus, bovine respiratory syncytial virus and pasteurella haemolytica in feedlot calves with respiratory disease: associations with bacteriological and pulmonary cytological variables. | acute and convalescent serum samples were taken from 59 calves with signs of respiratory disease (cases) and 60 clinically normal animals (controls) during their first month in the feedlot. sera were analyzed for antibodies to bovine parainfluenza 3 (pi3) virus by hemagglutination inhibition, to bovine viral diarrhea (bvd) virus, bovine respiratory syncytial (brs) virus and bovine herpesvirus 1 (bhv1) by virus neutralization, and to pasteurella haemolytica by indirect agglutination (phia) and cy ... | 1992 | 1335831 |
| [detection of respiratory syncytial and adenovirus in nasopharyngeal aspirates: comparison of cellular cultures and immunofluorescence]. | respiratory syncytial and adenovirus are 2 of the most important pathogens for respiratory infection in infancy. we compared the results of cellular cultures and immunofluorescence in the detection of these agents in nasopharyngeal exudates from hospitalized infants. evidence for respiratory syncytial virus was searched in 776 samples. immunofluorescence was much more sensitive, detecting 303 positive results, compared to only 142 for cell culture. compared to immunofluorescence, the sensitivity ... | 1992 | 1340571 |
| ribavirin aerosols and respiratory syncytial virus infection. | 1992 | 1346054 | |
| cd4+ t cells clear virus but augment disease in mice infected with respiratory syncytial virus. comparison with the effects of cd8+ t cells. | respiratory syncytial (rs) virus-specific t cell lines were derived from the spleens of balb/c mice primed by intranasal infection with rs virus. the lines were expanded by repeated antigenic stimulation in vitro, and separated into cd4+ and cd8+ t cell-enriched fractions by immunomagnetic adhesion. the effects of passive transfer of these fractions into rs virus infected mice were observed. the most severe immunopathological changes were seen in mice receiving cd4+ cells. transfer of cd4+, cd8+ ... | 1992 | 1351433 |
| nosocomial infection with respiratory syncytial virus. | 1992 | 1357459 | |
| prospective controlled study of four infection-control procedures to prevent nosocomial infection with respiratory syncytial virus. | to determine the most effective infection control procedure in preventing nosocomial infection with respiratory syncytial virus (rsv), we did a prospective controlled study of four infection-control strategies in four wards in a large paediatric hospital in the west of scotland. all children under two years old admitted to four general wards during three winter rsv epidemics (1989-92) were screened for rsv infection (by nasopharyngeal aspirate and direct immunofluorescence) within 18 hours of ad ... | 1992 | 1357462 |
| respiratory syncytial virus: babies and antibodies. | 1992 | 1365525 | |
| respiratory syncytial virus and ribavirin: quo vadis? | respiratory syncytial virus is the major respiratory pathogen in infants and young children. every year, this unique and ubiquitous virus accounts for substantial morbidity and occasional mortality in this age group. until recently, therapy for respiratory syncytial virus infections was limited to supportive measures such as hydration, supplemental oxygen, and assisted ventilation. therefore, the licensure of ribavirin in 1986 for treatment of respiratory syncytial virus infections raised hopes ... | 1992 | 1365535 |
| [immunoprophylaxis of respiratory syncytial (rs-viral) infection: results and prospects]. | 1992 | 8539770 | |
| [serologic study for determining the circulation of respiratory viruses in havana city]. | during 1991, 2,400 serum samples from subjects under 15 years, and 2,400 serum samples from subjects with the same age or over 15 years were assessed against antigens of 7 respiratory viruses by the complement fixation test or by the haemagglutination inhibition technique. the results from these investigations allowed to determine the little circulation of the respiratory syncytial virus which may result in an increase of a susceptible population and the occurrence of outbreaks. the endemic stat ... | 1992 | 9768216 |
| an epidemiological approach to the understanding and control of acute respiratory infections in indian children. | epidemiology is emerging as a promising tool for understanding and interpreting diseases in all dimensions and identifying levels of intervention for their control or eradication. coupled with the discipline of health administration and management, epidemiology can offer viable and pragmatic solutions for tackling disease problems. eradication of small pox in the recent past and the formulation of a strategy for the control of the modern epidemic of aids are 2 best known examples. an epidemiolog ... | 1992 | 12318658 |
| clinical severity of respiratory syncytial virus group a and b infection in sydney, australia. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) has two major antigenic groups, a and b. there is disagreement as to whether or not there is a difference in the clinical severity of disease caused by the two rsv groups. this 3-year prospective study of infants and children with rsv-positive bronchiolitis examines the relative virulence of rsv groups a and b and assesses the role that breast-feeding may have in modifying the clinical severity of infection. clinical severity was graded i (ventilated, severe), i ... | 1993 | 8284117 |
| meteorological variables and occurrence of respiratory syncytial virus in uruguay. | 1993 | 8284518 | |
| epidemiology and etiology of pneumonia in children in hong kong. | the epidemiologic and etiologic features of cases of pneumonia among 1,740 children admitted to a teaching hospital in hong kong over a 3-year period were studied. of the patients, 23% were < 1 year old and 69% were < 5 years old. the incidence of pneumonia requiring admission to the hospital was 6.4 episodes per 1,000 children per year for those < 5 years of age. the overall case fatality rate was 0.15% among patients who did not have severe underlying disease before contracting pneumonia. a ba ... | 1993 | 8286635 |
| production of acute bronchiolitis in guinea-pigs by human respiratory syncytial virus. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is the most important cause of acute bronchiolitis in young children, and is implicated in the pathogenesis of paediatric asthma. the present studies were designed to develop a model of acute rsv bronchiolitis in young guinea-pigs, that could be used to study the mechanisms of the acute bronchiolitis and its sequelae. anaesthetized, one month old guinea-pigs received either 4 x 10(3) plaque forming units of long strain human rsv or uninfected cell culture medium ... | 1993 | 8287949 |
| [infectious toxic shock in generalized rotaviral infection in newborns]. | the possibility of the rotavirus infection generalization, the course of which was complicated by the infectious toxic shock and disseminated intravascular coagulation syndrome as a cause of death of three newborns is shown for the first time. etiology of the disease was established by electron microscopy, immunoenzymatic and immunofluorescent methods in the faeces, blood and postmortem material. the manifestations of giant cell metamorphosis not only in the intestine but also in the pia mater, ... | 1993 | 8154980 |
| reliable confirmation of antibodies to bovine respiratory syncytial virus (brsv) by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay using brsv nucleocapsid protein expressed in insect cells. | the nucleocapsid (n) protein of bovine respiratory syncytial virus (brsv) in the baculovirus expression system was evaluated as a source of antigen in an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) for the detection of respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) antibodies. the recombinant n protein was purified from infected-cell extracts by sucrose gradient centrifugation and used in the elisa for the detection of antibodies to various rsv strains. the elisa was compared with the virus neutralization (vn) ... | 1993 | 8308106 |
| associations between viral infections and respiratory disease in artificially reared calves. | market-purchased, week-old, dairy bred calves entering a commercial calf-rearing unit were blood sampled at six-week intervals until three months old. viral infections were monitored by elisa for antibodies to bovine herpesvirus 1, bovine respiratory syncytial virus, parainfluenzavirus-3, bovine adenovirus subgroup 1 and bovine viral diarrhoea virus (bvdv). the immunoperoxidase test was used to detect bvdv in serum. the total immunoglobulin concentration in the initial blood sample was measured ... | 1993 | 8212494 |
| vaccination with a heterologous respiratory syncytial virus chimeric fg glycoprotein demonstrates significant subgroup cross-reactivity. | a subunit vaccine candidate, termed fg, is a chimeric glycoprotein composed of the extracellular domains of the fusion (f) glycoprotein and the attachment (g) glycoproteins of a subgroup a respiratory syncytial virus (rsv). two subgroups, a and b, of rsv differ primarily within the g glycoprotein. therefore, it has been suggested that a subunit vaccine composed of the g glycoprotein would need to contain the g glycoproteins from both rsv subgroups. we have engineered a second chimeric glycoprote ... | 1993 | 8212825 |
| structure and sequence comparison of bovine respiratory syncytial virus fusion protein. | the fusion (f) proteins of 10 strains of bovine respiratory syncytial virus (brsv) were compared by radioimmunoprecipitation with fractionation on sds-polyacrylamide gels. two different molecular weights (15 kda and 20 kda) of the f2 proteins were demonstrated among the brsv strains tested. to delineate the molecular basis for differences in the molecular weights of f2 subunits among the brsv strains, the nucleotide sequences of the f genes of fs1 and vc464 strains were determined from cdna clon ... | 1993 | 8212860 |
| controlled trial to evaluate protection of high-risk infants against respiratory syncytial virus disease by using standard intravenous immune globulin. | we performed a randomized, controlled trial of intravenous immune globulin (respiratory syncytial virus [rsv] neutralizing [nt] antibody titer of 1:950 in 5% solution) to evaluate protection against rsv-induced disease over two respiratory virus seasons. forty-nine children (mean age at enrollment, 4.5 months) with severe congenital heart disease or bronchopulmonary dysplasia were randomized as follows. twenty-four patients were followed as controls and received no immune globulin. twenty-five p ... | 1993 | 8215279 |
| [outbreak of respiratory syncytial virus at a neonatal intensive care unit in mexico city]. | rsv can be spread in hospital wards, being thus responsible for increased morbidity and mortality among infected patients. we describe an rsv outbreak in a neonatal intensive care unit (nicu). methods. as soon as the first rsv cases were detected in the nicu, every patient, as well as the personnel taking care of them, were tested; nasal washes for viral isolation, and nasopharyngeal swabs for viral antigen detection by immunofluorescence, were collected. results. twelve patients were hospitaliz ... | 1993 | 8216868 |
| molecular biology and evolution of filoviruses. | the family filoviridae contains extremely pathogenic human viruses causing a fulminating, febrile hemorrhagic disease. filoviruses are enveloped, filamentous particles with a nonsegmented negative-strand rna genome showing the gene arrangement 3'-np-vp35-vp40-gp-vp30-vp24-l-5'. genes are flanked by highly conserved transcriptional signals and are generally separated by variable intergenic regions. they are transcribed into monocistronic polyadenylated messenger rnas which contain relatively long ... | 1993 | 8219816 |
| presence of respiratory syncytial virus genomic sequences in middle ear fluid and its relationship to expression of cytokines and cell adhesion molecules. | the presence of respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) and several cytokines and cell adhesion molecules in middle ear effusions and mucosal tissues was evaluated using polymerase chain reaction. rsv genomic sequences were detected in 23 (52.7%) of 44 middle ear effusions tested. the sequences were detectable at an even higher rate (82.4%) in effusions of children in whom infectious virus was detected in the nasopharynx. all samples with the rsv genome contained the mrna for interleukin-1 beta and -6 ... | 1993 | 8228363 |
| immunoprophylaxis and immunotherapy of respiratory syncytial virus-infected mice with respiratory syncytial virus-specific immune serum. | the effects of passive respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) immune serum given as preinoculation prophylaxis, postinoculation prophylaxis, and as therapy on d 5 after inoculation were evaluated in an illness model of rsv infection in balb/c mice. pre- and postinoculation prophylaxis reduced rsv replication in lung after primary rsv infection and prevented illness. day 5 treatment did not affect peak titer of rsv in lung but resulted in more rapid recovery from illness than seen in untreated mice. p ... | 1993 | 8233720 |
| respiratory syncytial virus-induced cytokine production by a human bronchial epithelial cell line. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is the most common cause of lower respiratory infection in infants and young children, but the pathogenesis of rsv-induced inflammation is not well defined. we hypothesized that in vitro infection of a human bronchial epithelial cell line (beas) would induce production of proinflammatory cytokines. beas cells were infected with rsv, and cells and supernatants were assayed for cytokine mrna and protein changes at several time points after infection. cytokine mrna ... | 1993 | 8238534 |
| respiratory viruses and exacerbations of asthma in adults. | to study the role of respiratory viruses in exacerbations of asthma in adults. | 1993 | 8241910 |
| ribavirin in clinical practice. | 1993 | 8244474 | |
| respiratory syncytial virus lung infection in infants: immunoregulatory role of infected alveolar macrophages. | thirteen previously healthy children with acute onset of severe lower respiratory tract signs and symptoms underwent bronchoscopy and bronchoalveolar lavage (bal) for diagnostic purposes. bal samples were assessed for viral, bacterial, mycobacterial, and fungal cultures. cytospin preparations of bal cells were assessed for expression of respiratory syncytial virus (rsv), hla-dr, interleukin-1 beta, and tumor necrosis factor proteins. purified alveolar macrophages from 2 rsv-infected children wer ... | 1993 | 8245538 |
| synthesis and antiviral activity of 5'-deoxypyrazofurin. | in searching for derivatives of pyrazofurin that could display antiviral properties by means that do not require c-5' phosphorylation, 5'-deoxypyrazofurin (3) has been synthesized in six steps from methyl5-deoxy-2,3-o-isopropylidene-beta-d-ribofuranoside (4). compound 3 was evaluated for antiviral activity against a large number of viruses including herpes-, pox-, myxo-, toga-, arena-, rhabdo-, picorna-,reo-, and retroviruses. compound 3 proved active against respiratory syncytial virus (in hela ... | 1993 | 8246242 |
| mucosal immunization with a subunit respiratory syncytial virus vaccine in mice. | the protective efficacy of mucosal immunization with purified respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) fusion protein (f) using cholera toxin (ct) as an adjuvant was assessed in mice. intranasal vaccination with f+ct induced f-specific serum igg and nasal iga and resulted in 75% protection from nasal virus replication compared with control mice. intranasal ct+f with simultaneous parenteral f provided complete protection equivalent to intranasal live virus immunization. | 1993 | 8249433 |
| incidence of episodes of acute asthma and acute bronchitis in general practice 1976-87. | the incidence of episodes of acute asthma and acute bronchitis was analysed for an 11-year period and studied in relation to epidemiological data on viral illness and virus isolation data. between 1976 and 1987, the weekly returns service estimates of the incidence of acute asthmatic episodes in england and wales increased from 10.2 to 27.1 per 100,000 patients per week (all ages). the increase was most marked in children up to the age of 14 years. acute bronchitis attack rates (all ages) increa ... | 1993 | 8251231 |
| utility of a respiratory virus panel containing a monoclonal antibody pool for screening of respiratory specimens in nonpeak respiratory syncytial virus season. | an indirect immunofluorescence respiratory virus panel containing monoclonal antibodies directed against respiratory syncytial virus, parainfluenza virus types 1, 2, and 3, adenovirus, and influenza viruses a and b was used to screen specimens in the nonpeak respiratory syncytial virus seasons in 1989 and 1990. the results indicate that the respiratory virus panel is fairly sensitive (79%) and very specific (99%) for the detection of respiratory viruses directly in clinical specimens during thes ... | 1993 | 8253993 |
| dynamics of bovine respiratory syncytial virus infections: a longitudinal epidemiological study in dairy herds. | to study the epidemiology of respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infections during the year, the incidences of primary infections and reinfections were monitored by titrating antibodies to bovine rsv (brsv) in cattle above 2 months of age in 6 dairy herds in the netherlands. from august 1990 until september 1991, 884 cattle were sampled at one-month intervals. a total of 155 cattle, most under two years of age, had a primary antibody response. antibody rises were found in 259 cattle of all ages. t ... | 1993 | 8257292 |
| update: respiratory syncytial virus activity--united states, 1993. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv), a common cause of community-wide outbreaks of acute respiratory disease, is associated with an estimated 90,000 hospitalizations and 4500 deaths from lower respiratory tract disease in both infants and young children in the united states. outbreaks usually occur from late fall or early winter through spring. since 1989, rsv activity in the united states has been monitored by the national respiratory and enteric virus surveillance system (nrevss), a voluntary, l ... | 1993 | 8259109 |
| [interstitial respiratory syncytial virus pneumonia in hairy-cell leukemia]. | 1993 | 8259358 | |
| treatment of respiratory syncytial virus infection with recombinant interferon alfa-2a. | a prospective randomised, double blind, controlled trial was conducted in 52 infants to determine whether recombinant interferon alfa-2a (inf-alpha-2a) would reduce the morbidity of acute bronchiolitis and the respiratory syncytial virus shedding time. all infants had a positive direct antigen immunofluorescence test for respiratory syncytial virus. inf-alpha-2a (50,000 iu/kg/day) or placebo was administered by daily intramuscular injection for three consecutive days. sixteen infants received in ... | 1993 | 8259875 |
| detection of alpha-interferon in nasopharyngeal secretions and sera in children infected with respiratory syncytial virus. | we investigated the relationship between respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) antigen and interferon (ifn) in nasopharyngeal secretions (nps) and sera obtained from 252 patients infected with rsv. a total of 146 (57.9%) of 252 patients had ifn in nps with a mean titer of 28 units/ml and ifn was detected in 164 (71.6%) of 229 patients in the acute stage sera with a mean titer of 28 units/ml. ifn activities were neutralized with antiserum to ifn-alpha. rsv antigen in nps decreased on day 5 and later ... | 1993 | 8265283 |
| epidemiological study of enzootic pneumonia in dairy calves in saskatchewan. | a field study involving 325 calves from 17 dairy herds in saskatchewan was conducted to determine the risk of enzootic pneumonia and to assess its association with a number of factors. two different case definitions of pneumonia were used in the analyses: the first was based on producers' treatment risk (case1) and the second was based on semimonthly clinical examinations of calves by the research veterinarian (case2). the risk of pneumonia based on case1 was 39% and on case2 was 29%. the measur ... | 1993 | 8269363 |
| structural difference in the fusion protein among strains of bovine respiratory syncytial virus. | the polypeptides of different strains of bovine respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) were compared. altered electrophoretic migrations were observed in the g, f, p, m and 22 kda polypeptides. the molecular weight of the f2 fragment in human rsv (long strain) and bovine rsv (a51908 and md-x strains) was approximately 20 kda whereas it was approximately 15.5 kda in caprine rsv and bovine rsv (fs-1 and vc-464 strains). the size difference of the f2 subunit was due to difference in the extent of glycos ... | 1993 | 8273280 |
| analysis of the ovine respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) g glycoprotein gene defines a subgroup of ungulate rsv. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) has been isolated from sheep suffering from respiratory tract disease. since the greatest differences between bovine rsv and human rsv are found on the attachment g protein, we have determined the nucleotide and deduced amino acid sequences of the g gene of ovine rsv. the latter contained 838 nucleotides and had a major open reading frame encoding a protein of 263 residues, and shared 73% nucleotide sequence identity with that of bovine rsv. the deduced amino ac ... | 1993 | 8277288 |
| [progress in surveillance of acute respiratory infections in the republic of cuba]. | a process of techniques perfection of the epidemiologic surveillance of morbidity by acute respiratory infections, with the purpose of obtaining a better and more appropriate description of the problem, was carried out. | 1993 | 7732296 |
| [detecting respiratory syncytial virus in respiratory epithelial cells in adult patients by electron microscopy and immune electron microscopy]. | in order to evaluate the value of electron microscopy (em) in diagnosing respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infection in adults, the exfoliated cells from nasopharynx of 97 rsv positive patients were examined by em and the gold labelling technique for immune electron microscopy. the viral particles with rsv features were found at the surface of the exfoliated cells only in a few samples by em, and the specific gold labelling were observed in the immune electron microscopy (iem). the results showe ... | 1993 | 7923432 |
| severity of respiratory syncytial virus infections and immunoglobulin concentrations. | in a prospective study in 86 children with respiratory syncytial virus infections, no relation was detected between the severity of infection (based on diagnosis, chest radiography findings, need for mechanical ventilation, and duration of hospitalisation) and serum concentrations of igg, iga, igm, and igg1-4 on admission. | 1993 | 8024304 |
| [a retrospective survey on the respiratory course of severe bronchiolitis]. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infection in infancy can induce bronchial reactivity and virus-specific ige production; these responses may favor the later development of asthma. this retrospective study examines the influences of early and severe forms of bronchiolitis on such an outcome. | 1993 | 8002720 |
| [prevalence and clinical aspects of a and b subgroups of respiratory syncytial virus infection. observation of 8 consecutive epidemics between 1982 and 1990]. | infants suffering from respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infection can have severe responses that require intensive care. this study compares the epidemiologic patterns and the severity of respiratory diseases produced by rsv strain subtypes a and b. | 1993 | 8002736 |
| respiratory syncytial virus or influenza? | we compared data from clinical surveillance of acute respiratory infections in elderly people reported by a network of sentinel general practitioners, virus isolate data for respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) and influenza a and b viruses, and registered deaths, during the past four winters. cases of acute respiratory disease (ard) and deaths (3-week moving averages) showed strong similarity in timing. periods of high incidence of ard and numbers of deaths were followed within 2-3 weeks by report ... | 1993 | 7902899 |
| prevention of nosocomial respiratory syncytial virus infection. | 1993 | 8093787 | |
| prevention of nosocomial respiratory syncytial virus infection. | 1993 | 8093788 | |
| pathogenesis and treatment of bronchiolitis. | the pathogenesis, epidemiology, clinical features, sequelae, and treatment of bronchiolitis are reviewed. acute bronchiolitis is the most common severe lower-respiratory-tract infection of infancy. during epidemics, more than 80% of cases may be caused by respiratory syncytial virus (rsv). although signs and symptoms may become severe, most infections are self-limited and improvement occurs within several days. approximately 1-2% of infants less than one year of age require hospitalization. gene ... | 1993 | 8095871 |
| continuous aerosolised tribavirin for respiratory syncytial virus infection in lung transplant recipients. | 1993 | 8096599 | |
| analysis of respiratory syncytial virus genetic variability with amplified cdnas. | antigenic and genetic heterogeneities exist within the two major antigenic groups of respiratory syncytial (rs) virus. we developed a polymerase chain reaction (pcr)-based assay that not only differentiates the two rs virus groups but allows distinctions within groups on the basis of changes in the nucleotide sequences, as revealed by restriction fragment analysis. in this assay, viral rna served as a template for cdna synthesis with extension from a synthetic oligonucleotide primer complementar ... | 1993 | 8099086 |
| clinical profile of pediatric patients hospitalized with respiratory syncytial virus infection. | to update the clinical profile of pediatric patients hospitalized with rsv infection, we retrospectively reviewed the records of 246 children (male:female ratio 1.44:1) admitted during one season to a tertiary-care hospital. the most common admitting diagnoses were bronchiolitis (37.4%), pneumonia (32.5%), and possible septicemia (13%). median age was 3 months; median length of stay, three days. twice as many minorities were admitted with rsv infection as all other admissions during the same yea ... | 1993 | 8104752 |
| respiratory syncytial virus infection in an adult with aids. | 1993 | 8110934 | |
| [bovine serum albumin inhibits the adsorption of respiratory syncytial virus on mdbk cells]. | in order to obtain optimal bovine respiratory syncytial virus adsorption to host cells, the effect of several products (fetal bovine serum, bovine serum albumin, ovalbumin and cytochrome c) was studied. the adsorption of the virus to mdbk cells was higher in the presence of 2% than in the presence of 5% fetal bovine serum. adsorption was inhibited in the presence of bovine serum albumin at concentrations > 0.2% when added before or at the same time as the virus. ovalbumin and cytochrome c did no ... | 1993 | 8111432 |
| morbidity and mortality in a large irish feedlot; microbiological and serological findings in cattle with acute respiratory disease. | a survey of morbidity and mortality was undertaken in a slatted unit containing 6399 beef cattle over a 6 month period. the mortality rate was 0.78% and the morbidity rate was 12.7%. the interval from arrival to morbidity was 25.5 days +/- 0.9. significantly more sick cattle were identified on either mondays or tuesdays than were seen on saturdays or sundays (p < 0.005). the mean interval to mortality (all diseases) was 48.5 days +/- 7.4. respiratory disease was the most frequently recorded dise ... | 1993 | 8111615 |
| antigenic diversity of respiratory syncytial viruses and its implication for immunoprophylaxis in ruminants. | bovine respiratory syncytial virus (brsv) is a very important pathogen of cattle and perhaps other ruminants. it is a major contributor to the incidence of respiratory tract disease in nursing beef and feedlot and dairy calves. the genome of respiratory syncytial viruses encodes 10 proteins translated from 10 unique mrnas. the major glycoprotein (g), fusion protein (f), 1a protein and the 22k protein are components of the viral envelope. the nucleocapsid contains the nucleocapsid protein (n), th ... | 1993 | 8116189 |
| adult bacterial nasopharyngitis: a clinical entity? | to investigate bacterial nasopharyngitis as a cause of adult upper respiratory infection. | 1993 | 8120682 |
| ribavirin. | 1993 | 8121363 | |
| [ultrastructural pathology of the placenta in respiratory-syncytial viral infection and mycoplasmosis]. | electron microscopy of the placentas affected by respiratory-syncytial virus and mycoplasmas (mycoplasma urealyticum) revealed the most pronounced alterations in the syncytiotrophoblast structures. destructive changes in the respiratory-syncytial infection were associated with a direct reproduction of viral particles. two types of alterations (acute and long-lasting) reflecting two stages of the infectious process are reported in the mycoplasma infection. | 1993 | 8122978 |
| the immunologic response to experimental infection with bovine respiratory syncytial virus in lambs. | an experimental model was designed to study the humoral immune response in lambs experimentally infected with bovine respiratory syncytial virus (brsv), 25 merino lambs of both sexes, with a live weight of 17 +/- 3 kg, received an intratracheal inoculation of 20 ml. saline solution containing 1.26 x 10(6) tcid50 brsv (strain nmk-7) per ml. blood samples for serological analysis were collected from the jugular vein of the animals on days 0, 1, 3, 5, 7, 9, 11 and 15 post inoculation. serum protein ... | 1993 | 8128799 |
| antiviral activity of nerve growth factor in vitro. | the antiviral activity of 'nerve growth factor' (ngf) on non-oncogenic dna, on rna viruses and on moloney sarcoma retrovirus was evaluated in vitro. ngf was active against herpes simplex virus type 1 (hsv-1), herpes simplex virus type 2 (hsv-2) and moloney sarcoma virus (msv) at non toxic concentrations. the effects of different treatment regimens on hsv-1 infections indicate that the inhibitory action of ngf occurs at the early stages of viral replication. no activity was noted against coxsacki ... | 1993 | 8131710 |
| recurrent wheezing in children with respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) bronchiolitis in qatar. | records of 70 infants admitted to hamad general hospital with rsv bronchiolitis and a similar number of controls were retrospectively reviewed. two years after admission, 44% of the infants with rsv bronchiolitis developed recurrent wheezing compared with only 12.9% of controls (p = 0.001). a family history of atopy appeared not to be a significant predisposing factor for the occurrence of recurrent wheezing in post rsv bronchiolitis patients. these results are similar to those from similar stud ... | 1993 | 8131799 |
| respiratory syncytial virus infection in young children hospitalized with respiratory illness in riyadh. | the occurrence of respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infection among young children hospitalized with lower respiratory tract illness, at king khalid university hospital in riyadh, was examined during the autumn-winter season between september 1991 and february 1992. sixty-nine cases were diagnosed by immunofluorescent antibody staining of viral antigen in nasopharyngeal aspirates from 127 children, constituting 54 per cent of these patients. virus culture was attempted only in a few cases, yield ... | 1993 | 8133556 |
| synthesis and antiviral activity of some new benzofuran derivatives. | new derivatives of benzofuran were prepared and evaluated for their in vitro activity against a number of dna and rna viruses in various cell systems. compounds 1-(7-dodecyloxy-2-benzofuranyl)ethanone (3c) and 1-(7-tridecyloxy-2-benzofuranyl)ethanone (3d) exhibited a specific activity against respiratory syncytial virus in hela and compound [di(2-acetylbenzofuranyl-7-oxy)]-n-propane (5a) against influenza a virus in mdck. | 1993 | 8141829 |
| frameshifting and antigenic variation in respiratory syncytial virus. | recent studies have suggested that frameshift mutations in the attachment protein gene of respiratory syncytial (rs) virus may contribute to its variability. many pathogens use several mechanisms for antigenic variation to elude their hosts' immune responses, and the frameshift mechanism is not unique to rs virus. indeed, it may turn out to be a widespread genetic phenomenon among pathogens. | 1993 | 8143132 |
| respiratory syncytial virus vaccines: can we improve on nature? | both inactivated and live rsv candidate vaccines will continue to be tested in infants and young children. sequential vaccination, with a first dose of live attenuated vaccine followed by boosting with intramuscular subunit vaccines, also is an option. we are encouraged by the fact that influenza subunit and cold-adapted live vaccines are both safe and immunogenic in infants and children of the same age group. testing of rsv vaccines must proceed at a slower pace because of the phenomenon of vac ... | 1993 | 8139872 |
| induction of interferon in human leukocyte cultures by natural pathogenic respiratory viruses. | some common viruses responsible for respiratory disease have been reported to be poor inducers of interferon (ifn). therefore, we have studied the induction of ifn in cultures of human leukocytes exposed under standardized conditions to various concentrations of adenovirus type 7a, coronavirus 229e, an influenza type a virus (h3n2), a rhinovirus, and respiratory syncytial virus (rsv). all five viruses induced substantial amounts of ifn at a multiplicity of infection of one infectious unit per ce ... | 1993 | 8151137 |
| [application of the time-resolved immunofluorometric assay in the detection of viruses]. | two systems of time-resolved immunofluorometric assay (tr-ifma), i.e., lkb system detection of viruses. the viruses detected were mainly adenovirus, influenza virus, parainfluenza virus, respiratory syncytial virus rotavirus, hepatitis b virus, human immunodeficiency virus, rubella virus, etc. compared with methods of elisa and ria, tr-ifma has the merits of high sensitivity, specificity and consistency with clinical diagnosis. the low detection limit of virus antigen by tr-ifma is between 10-10 ... | 1993 | 8156583 |
| role of respiratory viral infection in sids: detection of viral nucleic acid by in situ hybridization. | there is considerable evidence suggesting that respiratory viral infection is involved in the genesis of the sudden infant death syndrome (sids), with rates of about 20 per cent of sids victims compared to about 13 per cent of controls. since the techniques used previously are prone to under-reporting from autopsy material, non-isotopic in situ hybridization (nish) has been used to detect viral nucleic acid in lung in sids. forty-five sids cases (30 males) were examined (age range 3 weeks-14 mon ... | 1993 | 8158456 |
| a study of respiratory infections in a healthy adult population during the 1987 australian winter. | during the 1987 australian winter, respiratory illness patterns were studied in a population of 454 healthy adults, aged 18-59, over a period of 45 days. these patterns were matched with data obtained from laboratory diagnoses for respiratory viruses, mycoplasma pneumoniae and bacteria. influenza b/1/86 was by far the most prevalent pathogen but other viruses including influenza a, paramyxoviruses, respiratory syncytial virus and coronavirus oc-43 were also present, either alone or in combinatio ... | 1993 | 8168672 |
| human monoclonal antibody fab fragments cloned from combinatorial libraries: potential usefulness in prevention and/or treatment of major human viral diseases. | currently, there is increased interest in the use of human viral antibodies for prophylaxis and therapy because recent advances in molecular immunology have made it possible to generate large numbers of human monoclonal antibodies of desired specificity and functional activity in short order. the strategy, developed particularly at the scripps research institute and at cambridge university is based on antigen selection of such antibodies from combinatorial libraries that express fabs on the surf ... | 1993 | 8173784 |
| a comparison in chimpanzees of the immunogenicity and efficacy of live attenuated respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) temperature-sensitive mutant vaccines and vaccinia virus recombinants that express the surface glycoproteins of rsv. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is the most common cause of viral bronchiolitis and pneumonia in children. the present study compares the level of attenuation, genetic stability and efficacy of three conditional-lethal temperature-sensitive (ts) mutants of the rsv a2 wild-type virus, designated ts-1, ts-1-ng1, and ts-4, in seronegative chimpanzees and also compares their efficacy with that of vaccinia virus recombinants that express the surface glycoproteins of rsv. each of the ts mutants was ... | 1993 | 8310760 |
| bronchiolitis following infection in adults and children. | since its recognition as a clinical entity in the 1940s, our knowledge of bronchiolitis has grown with respect to the breadth of disease, epidemiology, treatment, and long-term effects. bronchiolitis occurs most commonly in infants and children in association with a predictably small number of respiratory pathogens. our knowledge of the association of bronchiolitis to subsequent wheezing is in a state of evolution. rarely, bronchiolitis may progress to a chronic obstructive process, bronchioliti ... | 1993 | 8313669 |
| bronchiolitis in children. | bronchiolitis is an acute inflammation of the airways. in infancy, it usually results from viral infection, with rsv the most common agent. the clinical syndrome is characterized by symptoms of lower respiratory tract infection and obstruction. in most patients, the duration of illness is 1 week, but bronchiolitis can cause serious morbidity in patients with pre-existing cardiopulmonary disease. in addition, patients may be left with serious sequelae, including pbar and ob. rsv causes direct dam ... | 1993 | 8313675 |
| sensitivity of nci-h292 human lung mucoepidermoid cells for respiratory and other human viruses. | nci-h292 mucoepidermoid carcinoma cells from human lungs were shown in an earlier report to be a fully adequate substitute for primary rhesus monkey kidney (mk) cells for the isolation and propagation of the human paramyxoviruses. although sensitivity for ortho- and paramyxoviruses was the principal reason for using mk cells, the cells were also sensitive to many other viruses, which constituted another important value of mk cells. that mk cells supported the initial isolation and growth of so m ... | 1993 | 8314992 |
| cytoplasmic inclusions of respiratory syncytial virus-infected cells: formation of inclusion bodies in transfected cells that coexpress the nucleoprotein, the phosphoprotein, and the 22k protein. | immunofluorescence staining and immunoelectron microscopy of respiratory syncytial (rs) virus-infected cells revealed the presence of cytoplasmic inclusions that were specifically labeled with monoclonal antibodies directed against the nucleoprotein (np), the phosphoprotein (p), or the 22k protein. transient expression of these three proteins with the vaccinia-t7 system, either individually or in different combinations, demonstrated that coexpression of np and p was sufficient to induce the form ... | 1993 | 8317099 |
| rescue of a 7502-nucleotide (49.3% of full-length) synthetic analog of respiratory syncytial virus genomic rna. | a cdna was constructed to encode an internally-truncated version of negative-sense genomic rna (vrna) of respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) containing (in 3' to 5' order) the 3' vrna leader region, the complement of the open reading frame for bacterial chloramphenicol acetyl transferase (cat) under the control of rsv gene-start and gene-end signals, an intergenic nucleotide, the complete l gene including the gene-start and gene-end signals, and the 5' vrna trailer region. the encoded vrna analog ... | 1993 | 8317100 |
| sp-303 small-particle aerosol treatment of influenza a virus infection in mice and respiratory syncytial virus infection in cotton rats. | a natural plant product, sp-303, was administered by small-particle aerosol to influenza a/hk virus-infected mice and rsv-infected cotton rats. aqueous sp-303 at 2 mg/ml in the collison nebulizer reservoir generated an aerosol with an output of 26 micrograms/l and a particle size distribution of 1.4 microns +/- 4.6 (mmad +/- gsd). sp-303 at a dosage of 0.5-9.4 mg/kg per day administered for 3-4 days significantly increased both the rate and duration of survival of mice lethally infected with inf ... | 1993 | 8317921 |
| [pneumonia due to respiratory syncytial virus diagnosed by transtracheal aspiration in an adult]. | a healthy-looking 44-year-old female was admitted to our hospital complaining of fever and hemosputum. the chest roentgenogram on admission showed patchy infiltrates of the segment 3 and 8 of the right lung. laboratory studies showed a leukocyte count of 9700/microliters, erythrocytes sedimentation rate of 55 mm/hour and c reactive protein of 8.7 mg/dl. the arterial po2 was 71.9 torr while the patient was breathing room air. transtracheal aspiration was performed on admission, and strains and cu ... | 1993 | 8320466 |
| predictors of outcome of severe respiratory syncytial virus-associated respiratory failure treated with extracorporeal membrane oxygenation. | to examine the extracorporeal life support organization registry data base for all infants and children with respiratory syncytial virus-associated respiratory failure managed with extracorporeal life support, to delineate predictors of outcome. | 1993 | 8320624 |
| lack of detectable enhanced pulmonary histopathology in cotton rats immunized with purified f glycoprotein of respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) when challenged at 3-6 months after immunization. | the cotton rat model has been used to evaluate the potential for immunogens to induce respiratory syncytial virus (rsv)-enhanced pulmonary histopathology. a recent study evaluated purified f protein in this model when animals were challenged intranasally with rsv 3 or 6 months after immunization. the authors concluded that the purified f protein was associated with the same level of histopathological changes as observed with the positive control, a formalin-inactivated rsv immunogen. three patho ... | 1993 | 8322482 |
| a lamb model for human respiratory syncytial virus infection. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is the most important cause of bronchiolitis and pneumonia in young children. the development of an animal model of rsv disease serves to better understanding the pathophysiology of airway disease from rsv infection in infants and children. groups of six lambs were inoculated intratracheally (it) or intranasally (in) with a human strain of rsv (h-rsv). for controls 8 lambs received it virus-free cell lysate. tachypnea and fever were observed significantly more o ... | 1993 | 8327277 |