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microbiology of otitis media.the microbiology of otitis media (om) has been documented by cultures of middle ear fluid (mef) obtained by needle aspiration. the results of studies of bacteriology of om from sweden, finland and the united states are very similar: streptococcus pneumoniae and haemophilus influenzae are the most important pathogens: gram-negative enteric bacilli are isolated from mef of approximately equal to 20% of infants to six weeks of age but are rarely present in mef of older children; group a beta hemoly ...19806778362
atopy does not predispose to rsv bronchiolitis or postbronchiolitic wheezing.twenty-six 8-year-old children who had had respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) bronchiolitis in infancy and their paired controls underwent skin and blood tests to assess the role of immunodeficiency and atopy in the pathogenesis of rsv bronchiolitis and the wheezing that may follow it. there was no difference between patients and controls in prevalence of atopy; positive results of prick tests to common antigens; eosinophil counts; yeast opsonisation defect; c2 deficiency; igg, iga, igm, and ige ...19816788213
disinfecting endoscopes: how not to transmit mycobacterium tuberculosis by bronchoscopy.mycobacterium tuberculosis was cultured from the bronchial washings of two patients who underwent bronchoscopy consecutively with the same bronchoscope. active pulmonary tuberculosis was later confirmed in the first patient, whereas the second patient had clinical and serologic evidence of infection with respiratory syncytial virus. the bronchoscope had been cleaned with an iodophor disinfectant, which had not destroyed the tubercle bacilli. the agent recommended for chemical disinfection of fib ...19806790150
the epidemiology of tracheobronchitis in pediatric practice.epidemiologic characteristics of childhood tracheobronchitis occurring over a 104-month period in chapel hill, nc, were ascertained and compared to those of other pediatric lower respiratory illness (lri) syndromes. tracheobronchitis accounted for 40% of all lri seen at the community's only pediatric practice. tracheobronchitis incidence was highest during the first two years of life, through the ratio of tracheobronchitis incidence to total lri incidence increased with age. a viral pathogen or ...19816797294
respiratory infections in cystic fibrosis patients caused by virus, chlamydia and mycoplasma--possible synergism with pseudomonas aeruginosa.116 cystic fibrosis patients were observed, by monthly examinations over an eight-month period, to investigate the importance of non-bacterial respiratory infections (nbi) in exacerbations of the respiratory disease. sputum was examined for bacteria, and serum investigated for antibody response against virus, mycoplasma and chlamydia and for antibodies against pseudomonas aeruginosa. during this period each patient had, on an average, 2.9 exacerbations of which 76% were associated with bacteria, ...19816798822
study of antibodies against viruses, chlamydiae, rickettsiae and mycoplasma pneumoniae in children with respiratory diseases.seroconversion to different viral, chlamydial, rickettsial and mycoplasma antigens was followed up in 134 children aged 0-6 years, hospitalized with different respiratory diseases. parainfluenza viruses type 1, 2 and 3 and adenoviruses appeared to be involved in the etiology of most of the cases; respiratory syncytial virus was often found to play a role in pneumonia/bronchopneumonia and in "influenza-like illness", while chlamydiae and m. pneumoniae could be incriminated in cases of "influenza- ...19816800128
atopy predisposing to acute bronchiolitis during an epidemic of respiratory syncytial virus.thirty-one infants admitted to hospital with acute bronchiolitis during an epidemic of respiratory syncytial virus were compared with a control group of 32 infants to establish whether the two groups differed in atopic background. past history of respiratory illness, eczema, and present reactions to skin testing differed significantly between the two groups. thus, infants with acute bronchiolitis had a significantly higher atopic predisposition than the controls.19826802409
wheezing, asthma, and pulmonary dysfunction 10 years after infection with respiratory syncytial virus in infancy.of the 180 children admitted to hospitals in tyneside in the first year of life with proved respiratory syncytial virus lower respiratory tract infection, 130 were seen for review 10 years later and 34 of the remaining 50 children accounted for. skin tests, lung function tests, and histamine-challenge and exercise tests for bronchial lability were undertaken in over 100 of the index children and a similar number of control children. a total of 55 (42%) of the 130 index children had had further e ...19826805648
outcome of acute lower respiratory tract infection in infants: preliminary report of seven-year follow-up study.seven years after admission to hospital for acute lower respiratory tract infection in infancy 200 children and their matched controls were assessed for respiratory state and epidemiological characteristics. the index group comprised 100 cases where respiratory syncytial virus infection had been responsible for the index illness (group 1) and 100 cases in whom this organism had not been found (group 2). there were no differences between index and control groups in birth weight or gestational age ...19826807471
wheezing, asthma, and pulmonary dysfunction 10 years after infection with respiratory syncytial virus in infancy. 19826809211
isolation of respiratory syncytial and influenza viruses from the sputum of patients hospitalized with pneumonia.routinely collected sputum specimens from 100 adults hospitalized with pneumonia were frozen at -70 c until inoculation into madin-darby canine kidney, fetal tonsil, and esophageal epithelial cells. six influenza a (h3n2) viruses, two respiratory syncytial viruses, three rhinoviruses, and nine herpes simplex viruses were recovered. four patients with influenza virus and one with respiratory syncytial virus isolated had nosocomial pneumonia. viral isolation from sputum specimens may aid the diagn ...19836827134
identification of the virus-specific proteins of respiratory syncytial virus temperature-sensitive mutants by immunoprecipitation.the proteins of long strain rsv and three temperature-sensitive (ts) mutants of the a2 strain were compared by pulse labeling virus-infected cells with [35s]methionine and [3h]glucosamine followed by analysis of the cell lysates by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. at the permissive temperature (30 degrees) proteins ranging in molecular weight from 24,000 to 50,000 (vp24, vp27, vp33, vp44) could be identified. immunoprecipitation of viral lysates by immune rabbit serum demonstrated antigenic s ...19836828465
respiratory syncytial virus polypeptides. iii. the envelope-associated proteins.four proteins, gp1, vgp48, gp26 and vpm27, are associated with the envelope of respiratory syncytial (rs) virus. the status of gp1 has been uncertain, because a cellular glycoprotein migrates at the same position when laemmli's discontinuous buffer system is used for page, and because bsc-1 cells infected with the rsn-2 strain of rs virus appear not to contain gp1. however, additional evidence suggests that gp1 is a viral structural protein. (i) it is removed from cells by trypsin, while the cel ...19836834007
respiratory syncytial virus pneumonitis in adults.two cases of respiratory syncytial virus pneumonitis in adults area described. in both patients, the clinical picture of the adult respiratory distress syndrome, with marked tachypnoea. hypoxaemia and bilateral diffuse pulmonary infiltrates, was present. one patient had systemic lupus erythematosus, while the other had chronic obstructive lung disease and was a heavy drinker of alcohol. both patients survived and recovered after a prolonged stay in hospital.19836835164
effect of maternal nutritional status on immunological substances in human colostrum and milk.substances in colostrum and breast milk confer significant disease resistance to the breast-fed infant. the influence of maternal nutritional status on both immunological and nonimmunological milk factors was studied in a group of 23 colombian women during the first 2 months of lactation. maternal malnutrition was characterized by significantly lower weight/height ratio, creatinine/height index, total serum proteins, serum albumin, and serum igg and iga. the colostrum of malnourished mothers con ...19836837495
presumed respiratory syncytial virus pneumonia in three immunocompromised adults.three cases of presumed respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) pneumonia in immunocompromised adults are described. two patients had symptoms of cough, fever, and malaise, following completion of a course of combination chemotherapy for the treatment of acute lymphoblastic leukemia. the third patient, a juvenile onset diabetic, developed similar symptoms while hospitalized for severe hyperglycemia. chest roentgenograms showed lower lobe infiltrates in both leukemic patients and a bilateral non-conflu ...19836846393
inoculation of hep-2 cells for respiratory syncytial virus isolation. 19836848291
a colorimetric assay for quantification of defective interfering particles of respiratory syncytial virus.a colorimetric assay for defective interfering (di) particles of respiratory syncytial (rs) virus was developed. this quantitative biological assay is based on neutral red dye uptake by di particle-protected cells that survive standard virus challenge. this assay was more sensitive than the reduction of infectious yield (riy) assay and was capable of detecting 1 x 10(4) to 2 x 10(4) di particles/ml. the coefficient of variation for parallel, simultaneous replicates (n = 10) was 23%. cell-protect ...19836854271
[respiratory syncytial virus in bovine practice]. 19836857220
respiratory syncytial virus infection in young hospitalized children. identification of risk patients and prevention of nosocomial spread by rapid diagnosis.detection of rsv by immunofluorescence was used for rapid confirmation of the diagnosis in 89 infants during an epidemic. this made it possible to plan the care of the patients and use the personnel in an optimal way in order to maintain nosocomial infection at a low level. somatic and environmental risk factors connected with serious disease were also identified. the course of the disease was more severe in children with chronic illnesses or those who had had perinatal complications. allergy wa ...19836858684
[infections in adults and in the elderly caused by respiratory syncytial virus]. 19836866148
[isolation of the respiratory syncytial virus in bronchiolitic complications of whooping cough. preliminary research]. 19836877195
cell-mediated immune response to respiratory syncytial virus infection in owl monkeys.the suitability of owl monkeys as experimental models to study the cellular immune response to respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infection was examined. seronegative owl monkeys inoculated intranasally with rsv shed large quantities of virus and developed clinically evident upper respiratory disease. rsv infected monkeys had significant lymphoproliferative responses to rsv antigen by 4 weeks post-infection. in contrast, no positive blastogenic responses were elicited during the acute phase of il ...19836883807
antibodies to respiratory syncytial virus polypeptides and their significance in human infection.the human antibody response to respiratory syncytial (rs) virus infection was investigated using radioimmunoprecipitation analysis (ripa). a total of nine rs virus-specific proteins, vp200, vgp95, vp68, vgp48, vpn41, vp35, vp27, vp23 and vgp20 were identified by comparing 35s- or 3h-labelled extracts of infected and uninfected hep-2 cells, and by radioimmunoprecipitation using a hyperimmune human serum. three glycopeptides, vgp95, vgp48 and vgp20, were identified by incorporation of [3h]glucosam ...19836886679
replication of respiratory syncytial virus in lungs of immunodeficient mice.respiratory syncytial virus was frequently isolated during a 10-day test period from the lungs of 4- to 6-week-old immunodeficient nude (nu/nu) mice and from gamma-irradiated c3h mice inoculated intranasally with this virus, but not from similar aged and comparably inoculated normal littermates of these mice. virus isolation rates and levels of virus in lungs in both groups of immunodeficient mice were similar. no extrapulmonary dissemination of virus was observed in any test group of mice.19836887156
viral and bacterial pathogens of suspected sepsis in young infants.clinical and laboratory data of 27 previously normal, healthy infants 2 months of age or less who were hospitalized for suspected sepsis during a 1-year period were reviewed. results of bacterial cultures and viral studies revealed enteroviruses (seven echoviruses, one coxsackievirus) to be the predominant pathogens identified. other viruses identified were one each of adenovirus, untypeable hemadsorbing virus and respiratory syncytial virus. group b streptococcal and enterococcal bacteremia and ...19836889156
antiviral activity of sodium 5-aminosulfonyl-2,4-dichlorobenzoate (m12325).sodium 5-aminosulfonyl-2,4-dichlorobenzoate (m12325) was evaluated for antiviral activity in tissue culture and infected mice. at concentrations ranging from 2.5 to 75.8 micrograms/ml, m12325 inhibited the cytopathic effects of 10 mean tissue culture infective doses of influenza virus a/wsn, a/fm, a/kumamoto, and b/great lakes; parainfluenza virus; rhinovirus; echovirus; respiratory syncytial virus; and vesicular stomatitis virus. concentrations up to 150 micrograms/ml did not inhibit the cytopa ...19826927286
[respiratory syncytial virus in cancer adult patients (author's transl)]. 19806937078
immunohistological demonstration of respiratory syncytial virus antigens in paget disease of bone.respiratory syncytial virus antisera have been found to produce a positive immunohistologic response in osteoclasts in bone sections or in cells cultured from paget disease lesions in 12 out of 12 patients tested. these experiments were carefully controlled by several means. use of experimentally infected cells served as positive controls. adsorption of antisera on human bone powder and kb cells did not remove the specific immunologic stain, but adsorption of the antisera by the virus did. negat ...19816940136
epidemiology of severe respiratory syncytial virus infections in huntington, west virginia. 19816958122
pneumocystis carinii pneumonitis in young immunocompetent infants.of 67 infants enrolled in a prospective study of infant pneumonia ten (14%) had evidence of pneumocystis carinii infection. diagnosis was achieved by demonstrating circulating p carinii antigens by counterimmunoelectrophoresis in all ten cases and by histopathology in the only infant who underwent an open lung biopsy. antigenemia did not occur in 64 control infants (p = .003), nor in 57 patients of similar age who were hospitalized with pneumonitis due to chlamydia trachomatis, respiratory syncy ...19806967588
viral respiratory diseases: vaccines and antivirals.acute respiratory diseases, most of which are generally attributed to viruses, account for about 6% of all deaths and for about 60% of the deaths associated with all respiratory disease. the huge cost attributable to viral respiratory infections as a result of absenteeism and the disruption of business and the burden of medical care makes control of these diseases an important objective. the viruses that infect the respiratory tract fall taxonomically into five viral families. although immunopro ...19816976841
serodiagnosis of respiratory synctial virus infections in infants and young children by the immunoperoxidse technique.the immunoperoxidase antibody (ipa) technique was used to develop two new tests for serodiagnosis of respiratory syncytial virus infections: a microneutralization test based on the reduction of the number of infected cells and an ipa test for determination of virus-specific immunoglobulin g (igg). neutralizing antibody was determined both in the presence and absence of complement. in a group of 24 infants and young childres, ages less than 1 to 36 months, with acute respiratory syncytial virus i ...19806986407
prevention of infections with respiratory syncytial virus: the hopes and hurdles ahead.control of infections due to respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) by immunization poses special problems. first, the peak period of serious illness due to rsv is during the first few months of life, and thus a vaccine would have to be administered during the neonatal period. second, we understand little of the pathogenesis of and immunity to rsv disease in newborns, and an immune reaction may even play a role in the development of the lower respiratory tract disease seen in infancy. third, immunity ...19806997967
use of temperature-sensitive and cold-adapted mutant viruses in immunoprophylaxis of acute respiratory tract disease.efforts currently are underway to develop mutations in the influenza a viral genome that will bring about a satisfactory level of attenuation and that can be identified by simple in vitro techniques. two types of donor viruses that bear such mutations are being evaluated. one donor virus possesses temperature-sensitive (ts) mutations on the p1 and p3 genes, while the other donor bears both ts and cold-adaptation (ca) mutations. the mutant genes from these donors were transferred by gene reassort ...19806997969
immunopathologic mechanisms in lower respiratory tract disease of infants due to respiratory syncytial virus. 19806999535
bovine respiratory syncytial virus in quebec: antibody prevalence and disease outbreak.the prevalence of antibody to bovine respiratory syncytial virus in quebec and the role of the virus in a respiratory disease outbreak was investigated. the indirect immunofluorescent, neutralization and haemagglutination inhibition techniques were used to carry out this study. of the 1,444 adult animals examined 519 (35.9%) had antibody to bovine respiratory syncytial virus. these positive reactors were found in each agricultural region of quebec. the highest (53.0%) and the lowest (21.8%) prev ...19807000320
rubella immunity testing by mixed hemadsorption.a mixed hemadsorption (mh) test for naturally acquired rubella immunity and immune responses after rubella vaccination has been compared with the hemagglutination-inhibition (hi) test, the immunodiffusion (id) test, the neutralization test (nt), the hemolysis-in-gel (hig) test and the indirect immunofluorescence (if) test. the mh test was approximately equivalent to the hi test and the nt as to sensitivity for the early response to rubella vaccination, and all three tests are thought to measure ...19807003020
rapid diagnosis of respiratory syncytial virus infections by immunofluorescence on cell smears from nasopharyngeal secretions.the efficiency of indirect immunofluorescence for detection of respiratory syncytial (rs) virus antigens in nasopharyngeal secretions was compared with virus isolation on highly sensitive cell culture systems maintained in serum-free media. twenty out of 22 (91%) culture-positive specimens were correctly identified by indirect immunofluorescence, which gave no false positive results. since clinical specimens were sometimes unsuitable for immunofluorescence studies, this could explain two false n ...19807006628
[critical considerations on the laboratory research in infections from respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) (author's transl)]]. 19807008714
respiratory syncytial virus serology by a simplified enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.a simplified enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) which utilized commercially available reagents was developed for respiratory syncytial virus (rsv)-specific immunoglobulin g. an analysis of the inherent variation of the assay allowed the setting of strict criteria for determining a significant change in rsv antibodies. the elisa was more sensitive than the standard complement fixation or microneutralization tests in a carefully studied group of 32 rsv-infected adults. the elisa correlated ...19807012179
a simple and rapid microassay for the titration of human respiratory syncytial virus.a microassay, using tissue culture microplates for the titration of human respiratory syncytial virus by syncytium formation, is described. virus titers obtained agreed well with those obtained in a larger assay system; the microassay, however, is more rapid and economical. large numbers of virus samples are easily and rapidly processed as the assay necessitates an incubation period of only three days.19807014578
secretion of respiratory syncytial virus inhibitors and antibody in human milk throughout lactation.neutralising inhibitors to respiratory syncytial (rs) virus have been demonstrated in the whey of most samples of human milk tested. although high titres were secreted in colostra of some mothers (1/10-1/2,560; median 1/40) inhibitor levels in milk collected after the first week of lactation were uniformly low (median 1/10). high neutralising titres correlated with high colostral levels of specific antiviral iga but, unlike neutralising activity, iga antiviral antibody persisted in the milk of o ...19807014782
comparison of fluorescent-antibody, neutralizing-antibody, and complement-enhanced neutralizing-antibody assays for detection of serum antibody to respiratory syncytial virus.a comparison of three assays for the detection of serum antibody to respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) was carried out on 47 serum samples obtained sequentially from infants and young children with rsv infection. neutralizing-antibody (na) activity was determined by a semimicromethod of plaque reduction. complement-enhanced na activity was determined by the addition of guinea pig complement to na assays. rsv antibody responses in immunoglobulin g, immunoglobulin m, and immunoglobulin a classes we ...19817016915
in vitro cell-dependent lysis of respiratory syncytial virus-infected cells mediated by antibody from local respiratory secretions.respiratory syncytial (rs) virus causes a local infection of the respiratory tract which is frequently severe in infants. we report the development in infected infants of antibodies in respiratory secretions capable of mediating in vitro destruction of rs virus-infected tissue culture cells in conjunction with non-immune lymphoid cells. the cytotoxic antibody activity was not detectable in nasal secretions from infants hospitalized with respiratory infections where rs virus was not identified. t ...19817018759
clinical and laboratory diagnosis of respiratory syncytial virus infection.infection with rsv is one of the most common respiratory viral infections in childhood, particularly in infants under 1 year of age. the disease is characterized by epidemic proportions of infection which occur regularly in all parts of the world in the winter months. the spectrum of the clinical disease is quite variable, and the infection may present as bronchiolitis, pneumonia, croup, or exacerbation of pre-existing reactive airway disease. recent evidence has suggested that rsv infection may ...19817018832
diagnosis of respiratory syncytial virus infection in the bovine respiratory tract by immunofluorescence.direct staining of nasopharyngeal smears with hyperimmune bovine serum raised against respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) and conjugated with fluorescein isothyocyanate was compared with virus isolation from 14 experimentally infected animals. twenty-four out of 107 specimens examined were positive by the fluorescent antibody (fa) method and 21 out of 107 by virus isolation. most of the fa positives (81 per cent) were detected after the ninth day of infection whereas 80 per cent of virus isolation ...19817027594
serum migration-inhibitory activity in infants with respiratory syncytial virus bronchiolitis.using an unidirectional leucocyte migration-inhibition (lmi) assay, we investigated the migration-inhibitory activity (lif) in the sera of 25 infants who developed bronchiolitis following respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infection. blood samples for serum-lif activity detection were obtained from patients the day after admission and two weeks later. the lmi assay revealed serum-lif activity in 17 (68%) blood samples taken during the acute phase of the disease. in contrast, no inhibition was fou ...19817030363
production of antiserum to respiratory syncytial virus polypeptides: application in enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.by use of crossed immunoelectrophoresis techniques, respiratory syncytial (rs) virus-specific precipitates were produced between rs virus cellular antigen [solubilized in tris(hydroxymethyl)aminomethane-glycine buffer, ph 9] and antiserum raised in rabbits against semipurified rs virus. when these precipitates were employed as antigens for further immunizations in rabbits, antibodies (anti-rsv-precip.i) were produced which reacted with only one rs virus antigen when tested by the crossed immunoe ...19817031083
parenteral administration of live respiratory syncytial virus vaccine: results of a field trial.a live respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) vaccine administered parenterally was evaluated for efficacy in a double-blind, placebo-controlled field trial in 510 children six to 47 months of age. among the 233 recipients of live rsv vaccine, 68 of 98 initially seronegative children (as determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay) developed antibody to rsv; 25 of the 30 initially seronegative children who did not develop antibody were less than 12 months old, which suggested that very low levels ...19827037983
maternal antibody and respiratory syncytial virus infection in infancy.one hundred newborn infants were studied prospectively for 1 year for evidence of infection with respiratory syncytial virus (rsv). the indirect membrane fluorescence technique was used to determine specific antibody in sera. infection was shown in 29 cases. in 31 infants exposed to an rsv epidemic season, there was no evidence of infection. maternal antenatal sera were also tested, and wide range of igg antibody to rsv was found. mean titre of maternal igg antibody to rsv was significantly high ...19817038043
in vivo inhibition of respiratory syncytial virus by ribavirin.ribavirin reduced the amount of respiratory syncytial virus in nasal turbinates and lung tissues of experimentally infected cotton rats by over 90%. an effect was seen when the drug was given either intraperitoneally or by aerosol; however, the antiviral effect was achieved at much lower doses when delivered by the aerosol route. no animal deaths due to the drug were seen.19827044296
experimental infection of lambs with bovine respiratory syncytial virus and pasteurella haemolytica: immunofluorescent and electron microscopic studies.colostrum-deprived lambs were inoculated transtracheally with respiratory syncytial virus (rsv), pasteurella haemolytica, or rsv and p haemolytica. multiple tissues were examined by immunofluorescence to localize viral and bacterial antigens, and lungs were examined by electron microscopy for cytopathologic changes. using immunofluorescence, viral antigen was detected only in the respiratory tract, mainly in the bronchial and bronchiolar epithelium and in the alveolar wall. lesser amounts of vir ...19827046531
comparison of direct and indirect immunofluorescence staining of clinical specimens for detection of respiratory syncytial virus antigen.immunofluorescence staining methods for respiratory syncytial virus antigen detection were compared. of 50 specimens originally positive for respiratory syncytial virus by direct immunofluorescence and culture, 49 were positive by repeat direct immunofluorescence and 32 were positive by indirect immunofluorescence. additional results obtained on specimens originally negative for respiratory syncytial virus by direct immunofluorescence, culture, or both indicate that direct immunofluorescence sta ...19827047562
respiratory syncytial virus infection in cyclophosphamide-treated cotton rats.cotton rats infected intranasally with respiratory syncytial virus and immunosuppressed with cyclophosphamide shed virus for at least 7 weeks. dissemination of virus beyond the respiratory tract was observed. in contrast, virus was recovered from infected, non-immunosuppressed rats for only 1 week, and only from the respiratory tract.19827049952
consideration regarding infection during hospital employment.among the most important responsibilities of a hospital's employees' health service is the prevention or prompt identification of infectious illnesses among staff members. infections constitute a major health hazard of hospital employment and, both intrinsically or as a consequence of subsequent transmission to hospitalized patients, can have devastating consequences. the risks associated with tuberculosis, viral hepatitis, rubella, herpes, meningococcal disease, and scabies are generally acknow ...19827054483
respiratory syncytial virus pneumonia. 19827062498
experimental pneumovirus infections. 2. hydrocephalus of hamsters and mice due to infection with human respiratory syncytial virus (rs).respiratory syncytial virus (rs) injected into suckling hamsters and mice via the cerebral route induced hydrocephalus in 35% of the animals. the pathogenesis of the condition has been examined by light microscopy, immunofluorescence, and virus isolation. infection of leptomeninges and ependyma was revealed by immunofluorescence of virus-specific antigens between days 3 and 7 after inoculation. histologically, eosinophilic inclusion bodies were visible within the cytoplasma of ependymal and meni ...19827065124
appearance of complement components and immunoglobulins on nasopharyngeal epithelial cells following naturally acquired infection with respiratory syncytial virus.nasopharyngeal epithelial cells (npec) were collected from 144 infants and children with respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infection, and were analyzed by fluorescent antibody techniques for the presence of cell-bound complement (c'3), iga, igg, and igm class of immunoglobulins (ig), and respiratory syncytial virus antigen. viral antigen was present on the surface of npec in 100% of samples obtained in the first 3 days or illness. the percentage of patients positive for rsv antigen declined stea ...19827069409
atypical neonatal respiratory syncytial virus infection. 19827082462
the association of apnea and respiratory syncytial virus infection in infants. 19827086623
analysis of proteins synthesized in respiratory syncytial virus-infected cells.the spectrum of respiratory syncytial virus-encoded proteins was examined in infected cell extracts by standard polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and by two-dimensional gel analysis. polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis analysis of a variety of respiratory syncytial virus-infected, actinomycin d-treated cell lines revealed the presence of as many as nine virus-encoded proteins. seven of these nine proteins were immunoprecipitated by anti-respiratory syncytial serum. only one major band of [3h]glu ...19827086963
respiratory syncytial viral infection in infants with congenital heart disease.occasional reports have suggested that infants with congenital heart disease may have an increased risk of severe illness from respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infection. we prospectively studied 699 infants hospitalized during the winters of 1976 through 1980, when rsv was prevalent in the community; 229 of these infants had proved rsv infections acquired either before admission or during hospitalization; 27 had both congenital heart disease and rsv infection, and 46 had congenital heart disea ...19827088112
serological evidence for the intervention of bovine respiratory syncytial virus in a respiratory disease outbreak in moroccan cattle. 19827090648
experimental infection of lambs with bovine respiratory syncytial virus and pasteurella haemolytica: pathologic studies.nineteen 4-week-old, colostrum-deprived lambs were transtracheally inoculated with respiratory syncytial virus (rsv), pasteurella haemolytica biotype a serotype 1, or rsv and p haemolytica. pneumonic lesions were more frequent, more extensive, and more severe in lambs inoculated with rsv and p haemolytica than in lambs inoculated with either agent alone. lesions were seen in 2 of 4 lambs inoculated with p haemolytica alone, in 3 of 4 lambs inoculated with rsv alone, and in 11 of 11 lambs inocula ...19827091824
experimental infection of lambs with bovine respiratory syncytial virus and pasteurella haemolytica: clinical and microbiologic studies.four-week-old lambs were inoculated transtracheally with respiratory syncytial virus (rsv), pasteurella haemolytica, or rsv and p haemolytica. when given in combination, rsv administration preceded p haemolytica by 3 or 5 days. lambs inoculated with p haemolytica or rsv developed a mild respiratory tract disease accompanied by a transient pyrexia in a few lambs. by 24 hours after inoculation of bacteria, all lambs inoculated with rsv and p haemolytica were listless, reluctant to move, and exhibi ...19827091825
experimental viral arthritis.an early, acute arthritis was observed in 8 of 22 mice experimentally infected with respiratory syncytial virus. no abnormalities were found in the joints of the 12 control mice. the pathological changes in joints of the infected animals included pannus formation and erosion, resembling changes that occur in arthritis in man, including rheumatoid arthritis. it is proposed, therefore, that viruses may play an aetiological role in acute and chronic arthritis in man. these investigations provide a ...19827093144
apnoea and bronchiolitis due to respiratory syncytial virus. 19827103880
a natural outbreak of bovine respiratory disease caused by bovine respiratory syncytial virus.an outbreak of respiratory disease occurred in a herd of 34 calves and 5 cows in a barn. the disease which affected 24 calves and 1 cow, was characterized by coughing, fever, anorexia, nasal discharge and pulmonary rales. two calves died 5 days after the disease outbreak and were necropsied. bronchitis, bronchiolitis and alveolitis were among the lesions observed in these calves. bovine respiratory syncytial virus was detected, in lung sections of the dead calves and also in nasal washings of so ...19827105764
comparison of enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and neutralization techniques for measurement of antibody to respiratory syncytial virus: implications for parenteral immunization with live virus vaccine.the sensitivity of an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) to detect low levels of antibody to respiratory syncytial (rs) virus was compared with a tube dilution neutralization test (neut) on sera obtained from children who received a parenteral live rs virus vaccine. among the children who developed antibody in response to live rs virus vaccine. elisa was as sensitive as neut at detecting antibody increases. some children who did not have detectable prevaccine elisa antibody possessed neut ...19827107002
immunochemical identification of viral and nonviral proteins of the respiratory syncytial virus virion.we identified by immunochemical methods 13 polypeptides associated with the infectious respiratory syncytial virus virion. eight of these polypeptides (vp200, vp84, vp66, vp43, vp40, vp37, vp28, and vp19) were identified as virus specific. two other polypeptides, (vp) 22 and (vp) 12, are provisionally considered to be of viral origin. three nonviral proteins are also intimately associated with the infectious virion. these nonviral proteins were identified as cellular actin and two proteins with ...19827107006
administration of a highly attenuated, live respiratory syncytial virus vaccine to adults and children.a highly attenuated respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) experimental vaccine, rsv ts-2, was sequentially evaluated in adults, seropositive children, and finally, fully susceptible seronegative children. the vaccine was administered intranasally in doses ranging from 10(5.2) to 10(6.3) pfu/ml. in both adults and children, the vaccine proved to be poorly infectious. although poor infectivity would not have been predicted from tissue culture studies of rsv ts-2 growth, the human experience closely pa ...19827107009
development of antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity in the respiratory tract after natural infection with respiratory syncytial virus.antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity (adcc) was measured in nasopharyngeal secretions collected from 42 infants and young children at various intervals after primary or secondary infection with respiratory syncytial virus. adcc was determined by specific immune release of 51cr from respiratory syncytial virus-infected hep-2 cell culture monolayers, with lymphocytes from adult volunteers as effector cells. specific adcc responses in nasopharyngeal secretions after primary infection were ...19827118247
virus-cell interactions: nuclear magnetic resonance behaviour of intracellular water.the water proton nmr spin-lattice relaxation time if measured in hep-2 cells in relation to the infection by different viruses (poliovirus type 1, coxsackievirus b-3, human adenovirus, measles virus, respiratory syncytial virus, herpes simplex virus, subtype 1, and vaccinia virus). the nmr properties of intracellular water allow the early detection and identification of viruses. a close relationship is shown between the nmr behavior and the mode of virus-cell interaction.19827121298
[detection of antibodies to respiratory syncytial virus in a neonate with multiple abnormalities]. 19827125129
radioimmunoassay of measles virus hemagglutinin protein g.guinea pig and rabbit antisera from animals immunized with purified measles virus hemagglutinin (g) protein were used to establish a solid-phase four-layer radioimmunoassay for quantitative measurement of the g protein. the sensitive of the assay was 2 ng of purified g protein, and 200 micrograms of protein from uninfected vero cells neither decreased the sensitivity nor reacted non-specifically in the assay. radioimmunoassay standard dose-response curves were established and unknown values inte ...19827130334
antibody against viruses in maternal and cord sera: specific antibody is concentrated on the fetal side of the circulation.paired maternal and cord sera from 100 pregnancies were tested for antibodies against herpes simplex virus, measles virus and respiratory syncytial virus by complement fixation and for antibodies against rubella virus, influenza a virus and influenza b virus by haemagglutination-inhibition. for four viruses (herpes simplex, measles, respiratory syncytial and rubella) higher levels of antibody were found in cord than in maternal sera. there was no difference between maternal and cord serum titres ...19827130705
detection of respiratory syncytial virus in nasopharyngeal secretions by elisa: comparison with fluorescent antibody technique.samples of nasopharyngeal secretions (nps) obtained from 140 infants and children with acute respiratory disease were examined for the presence of respiratory syncytial (rs) virus by elisa. an antiserum produced in rabbits against rs-virus polypeptides was used both as the "capture" antibody and as conjugate in a double-antibody sandwich technique. rs virus was detected by elisa in specimens of nps obtained from 72 (51%) of the patients. by comparison rs virus was shown to be present in 86 (61%) ...19827161598
clinical evaluation of radioimmunoassay of nasopharyngeal secretions and serology for diagnosis of viral infections in children hospitalized for respiratory infections.viral diagnosis was performed using radioimmunoassay (ria) for virus antigen in nasopharyngeal secretions (nps) and complement-fixation (cf) tests of paired sera from specimens of 90 children hospitalized for acute respiratory infection. major respiratory viruses sought for by both methods (adenoviruses, influenza a and b viruses, parainfluenza virus type 3, respiratory syncytial virus) were detected in 40 (44%) of the patients; 15% of the diagnoses were made by nps-ria alone. serologic diagnosi ...19827163028
lack of relationship of community patterns of respiratory viral activity to systemic haemophilus influenzae disease in children.the occurrence of epidemics of respiratory viral illness was monitored by virus isolations in a population of young children living in the greater nashville area over a 4-year period. epidemic disease due to influenza, respiratory syncytial virus and parainfluenza type 1 was present during discrete time blocks over this interval. occurrence of systemic haemophilus influenzae type b disease in the community was also documented by review of bacteriologic records of vanderbilt children's hospital o ...19827163030
[encephalopathy producing antibodies against respiratory syncytial virus in the central nervous system in an adult woman]. 19827164044
respiratory syncytial virus infections in children. 19827183846
respiratory syncytial virus activity in the united kingdom, 1979. 19807185918
fatal haemorrhagic pneumonia in an adult due to respiratory syncytial virus and staphylococcus aureus. 19827185980
antibody content of rabbit milk and serum following inhalation or ingestion of respiratory syncytial virus and bovine serum albumin. 19827200842
respiratory syncytial virus and otitis media with effusion. 19827201016
the possible role of respiratory syncytial virus and pasteurella spp in calf respiratory disease.in a natural outbreak of respiratory disease during 1976, 31 of 43 calves showed moderately severe clinical signs which included pyrexia (maximum 42 degrees c) and tachypnoea. during the outbreak infection by respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) was demonstrated by isolation from nasopharyngeal swabs or by serology. pasteurella haemolytica or p multocida were isolated from the blood of four and five calves respectively. in the month before disease 65 per cent of the calves showed significant antibo ...19807210428
respiratory syncytial virus infections in oslo 1972--1978. i. virological and epidemiological studies.respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infection was diagnosed in 464 children admitted to hospital with acute respiratory disease from autumn 1972 to spring 1978. the virological surveillance was approximately 70%. as a rule, rsv infections occurred in distinct outbreaks in late autumn and winter together with a marked increase in the number of children admitted to hospital with acute lower respiratory tract disease. the incidence in children less than 1 year of age was about 10/1000 children/year. ...19807211356
respiratory syncytial virus infections in oslo 1972--1978. ii. clinical and laboratory studies.patient records from 422 children admitted to hospital during 6 winter outbreaks of rsv infection were examined retrospectively. bronchiolitis (255 patients) and pneumonia (98 patients) were the most common diagnoses. otitis media (76 patients) occurred as a complication to these conditions. children at risk for contracting severe illness caused by rsv were infants below the age of one year, more often boys than girls. of the children older than two years, 32% had already been diagnosed as asthm ...19807211357
risk of respiratory syncytial virus infection for infants from low-income families in relationship to age, sex, ethnic group, and maternal antibody level.the risk for hospitalization with respiratory syncytial virus infection during the first year of life was about five per 1,000 live births per year for infants born to low-income families in houston from 1975 to 1979. the risk varied depending upon the intensity of the epidemic for a given season, the month of birth of the infant, and the level of passively acquired maternal antibody at the time of birth. over 80% of the children hospitalized were less than 6 months of age; thus, most were born ...19817229749
the development of balb/c cells persistently infected with respiratory syncytial virus: presence of ribonucleoprotein on the cell surface. 19817232415
nosocomial respiratory syncytial viral infections. should gowns and masks be used?the efficacy of infection control procedures utilizing gowns and masks in the control of nosocomial respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infections was evaluated by comparing the rate of nosocomial rsv infections in infants and ward personnel during two sequential periods when gowns and masks were used (period 1) and not used (period 2). all patients (162) and staff (36) on our infants' ward were examined for signs of respiratory infection and had nasal washes obtained for viral isolation every two ...19817234784
a two year prospective study of hospital-acquired respiratory virus infection on paediatric wards.over a 24 month period on six paediatric wards of different designs 169 cases of possible hospital-acquired respiratory virus infection were investigated. a variety of viruses was isolated from 82 cases, the most common being respiratory syncytial virus, influenza, parainfluenza, adenoviruses and rhinoviruses. a further 73 children developed respiratory symptoms between 3 and 300 days after administration but viruses were not demonstrable by the techniques used. these children were thought to ha ...19817240735
respiratory syncytial virus proteins: identification by immunoprecipitation.the proteins of respiratory syncytial virus have not been clearly identified due to the lability of the virus and difficulties in its purification. we have pulse-labeled respiratory syncytial virus with [35s]methionine and [35s]cysteine and analyzed cell lysates by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. five 35s-labeled viral proteins ranging in molecular weight from 21,000 to 73,000 (vp73, vp44, vp35, vp28, and vp21) were easily discernable above background cellular proteins. treatment of the infe ...19817241656
[immunological studies of the relation between respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) and bronchiolitis]. 19817242476
legionnaires' disease combined with erythema multiforme in a 3-year-old boy.a case of legionnaires' disease (ld) is described in a 3-year-old boy. he had fulminant disease with typical signs like bilateral pneumonia, gastrointestinal symptoms, and somnolence indicating involvement of the central nervous system. there was no premorbidity. an outstanding development was erythema multiforme, which has never previously been described in ld. the basic disease was caused by legionella pneumophila. this is evidenced by specific serum igm at admission and a subsequent significa ...19817246139
inhibition of respiratory syncytial virus-host cell interactions by mono- and diamidines.several aromatic mono- and diamidines were found to block cell fusion induced by respiratory syncytial virus. the best inhibitors were able to achieve complete suppression of syncytium formation at a concentration of 1.0 microm. inhibition occurred in respiratory syncytial virus-infected hep-2 and cv-1 cells, but the same inhibitors were ineffective in preventing fusion induced by parainfluenza virus type 3. the fusion inhibitors did not reduce single-cycle virus yields, but did reduce multiple- ...19817247387
[prospects of respiratory syncytial virus vaccines].the latest vaccines for respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) are reviewed. a ts-1 variant is being studied in the attempt to complete the attenuation of the vaccine strain. further investigations of live rsv vaccine administered parenterally indicate that a target population over 6 months of age could benefit soon of this preparation.19807247482
respiratory syncytial virus. 19817249574
effect of respiratory syncytial virus and virus-antibody complexes on the oxidative metabolism of human neutrophils.the effect of respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) or mixtures of rsv and its specific antibody on the oxidative metabolic activity of human polymorphonuclear leukocytes was studied by the technique of luminol-dependent chemiluminescence. peripheral blood neutrophils obtained from normal healthy donors were used. rsv alone failed to induce any chemiluminescent response by the neutrophils. however, mixtures of rsv and rsv antibody-positive serum regularly elicited significant neutrophil chemilumines ...19817251140
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