Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year(sorted descending) Filter | PMID Filter |
|---|
| an investigation into respiratory tract viruses in children with acute lower respiratory tract infection or wheezing. | this study aimed to determine the frequencies of respiratory tract viruses in patient (acute lower respiratory tract infection (lrti) or wheezing) and control (history of asthma without symptoms) groups. | 2016 | 27854115 |
| chapter 11: the infant and toddler with wheezing. | recurrent wheezing is common in young infants and toddlers with 27% of all children having at least one wheezing episode by the age of 9 years. the initial wheezing episodes in young children often are linked to respiratory infections due to viral pathogens such as respiratory syncytial virus, rhinovirus, human metapneumovirus, and influenza virus. bacterial colonization of the neonatal airway also may be significant in the late development of recurrent wheeze and asthma. some 60% of children wh ... | 2016 | 22794684 |
| [detection of respiratory viruses in children with acute lower respiratory tract infection: an analysis of 5,150 children]. | to investigate the distribution of respiratory viruses on throat swabs in hospitalized children with acute lower respiratory tract infection (alrti). | 2016 | 26781413 |
| what we have learned from the influenza a ph1n1 2009/10 pandemic: high clinical impact of human metapneumovirus and respiratory syncytial virus in hospitalized pediatric patients. | the influenza pandemic in 2009/2010 shifted public awareness to respiratory tract infections caused by the influenza virus. a prospective study was conducted during the influenza pandemic from november 2009 through april 2010 to determine the causative pathogens and clinical symptoms present in all children and adolescents admitted to the university children's hospital, duesseldorf, germany, with signs and symptoms of respiratory tract infection. a total of 272 children and adolescents were admi ... | 2016 | 25971322 |
| spatial and temporal spread of acute viral respiratory infections in young children living in high-altitude rural communities: a prospective household-based study. | few studies have described patterns of transmission of viral acute respiratory infections (ari) in children in developing countries. we examined the spatial and temporal spread of viral ari among young children in rural peruvian highland communities. previous studies have described intense social interactions in those communities, which could influence the transmission of viral infections. | 2016 | 27404599 |
| partial comparison of the nxtag respiratory pathogen panel assay with the luminex xtag respiratory panel fast assay v2 and singleplex real-time polymerase chain reaction for detection of respiratory pathogens. | in this study, 185 nasopharyngeal swabs were tested to compare the sensitivity and specificity of the luminex nxtag (nxtag) respiratory pathogen panel (rpp) assay with those of the luminex respiratory virus panel (rvp) fast assay v2 and singleplex real-time polymerase chain reaction (pcr). the nxtag assay identified at least one infectious agent in 164 (88.7%) of the swabs. in 91 (6.2%) tests with negative results with the rvp fast assay v2, a virus was identified by the nxtag (p < 0.001). with ... | 2016 | 27401400 |
| human metapneumovirus epidemiological and evolutionary patterns in coastal kenya, 2007-11. | human metapneumovirus (hmpv) is an important global cause of severe acute respiratory infections in young children and the elderly. the epidemiology of hmpv in sub-saharan africa is poorly described and factors that allow its recurrent epidemics in communities not understood. | 2016 | 27316548 |
| human metapneumovirus infections in hematopoietic cell transplant recipients and hematologic malignancy patients: a systematic review. | over the past decade, reported incidence of human metapneumovirus (hmpv) has increased owing to the use of molecular assays for diagnosis of respiratory viral infections in cancer patients. the seasonality of these infections, differences in sampling strategies across institutions, and small sample size of published studies make it difficult to appreciate the true incidence and impact of hmpv infections. in this systematic review, we summarized the published data on hmpv infections in hematopoie ... | 2016 | 27260872 |
| acute myopericarditis caused by human metapneumovirus. | human metapneumovirus is known to be similar to respiratory syncytial virus. because of an incomplete protective immune response to new genotypes, re-infection occurs frequently, especially in the elderly. however, the clinical manifestations of human metapneumovirus need to be further characterized in adults. a 73-year-old woman presented to the emergency room with acute dyspnea, chest discomfort and influenza-like illness. the patient was diagnosed with human metapneumovirus infection, complic ... | 2016 | 27104014 |
| immunogenicity and efficacy of alphavirus-derived replicon vaccines for respiratory syncytial virus and human metapneumovirus in nonhuman primates. | human respiratory syncytial virus (hrsv) and human metapneumovirus (hmpv) are major causes of illness among children, the elderly, and the immunocompromised. no vaccine has been licensed for protection against either of these viruses. we tested the ability of two venezuelan equine encephalitis virus-based viral replicon particle (vee-vrp) vaccines that express the hrsv or hmpv fusion (f) protein to confer protection against hrsv or hmpv in african green monkeys. animals immunized with vee-vrp va ... | 2016 | 26772634 |
| [phylogenetic variability of human metapneumovirus strains circulating in turkey during two consecutive epidemic seasons]. | human metapneumovirus (hmpv), classified in paramyxoviridae family, phylogenetically consists of two major groups namely a and b, with genetic lineages of a1, a2 (comprises of sublineages a2a and a2b) and b1, b2. although detailed evaluation on phylogenetic analysis of hmpv has been described in other countries, there are no data from turkey on this subject. the aim of this study was to demonstrate for the first time, the phylogenetic diversity of hmpv strains circulating in turkey during two co ... | 2016 | 27058330 |
| [respiratory viruses in pediatrics: what's new?]. | molecular diagnostic tests have greatly increased our knowledge regarding the contribution of respiratory viruses in respiratory illnesses in children, mainly lower respiratory tract infections. respiratory syncytial virus, rhinovirus (rv) and human metapneumovirus (hmpv) are predominant viral agents identified in children. notwithstanding the importance of respiratory viruses in children, treatment and prophylactic options remain limited. these include palivizumab, a monoclonal antibody prophyl ... | 2016 | 27039461 |
| paramyxovirus infection: mortality and morbidity in a pediatric intensive care unit. | we investigated mortality and morbidity of patients admitted to a pediatric intensive care unit (picu) with paramyxovirus infection. | 2016 | 27037248 |
| respiratory syncytial virus and human metapneumovirus in severe lower respiratory tract infections in children under two. | viruses are the most important causative agents of acute lower respiratory tract infections (alrtis), ranked as the second leading cause of death and the primary cause of hospitalization in children. respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) and human metapneumovirus (hmpv) are among the commonest viral causes of severe alrti. in this study, we aimed to study the burden of both rsv and hmpv in causing severe alrti in children younger than two years of age admitted to the pediatric intensive care unit (p ... | 2016 | 27031461 |
| novel respiratory syncytial virus-like particle vaccine composed of the postfusion and prefusion conformations of the f glycoprotein. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is the leading cause of severe respiratory disease in infants and children and represents an important global health burden for the elderly and the immunocompromised. despite decades of research efforts, no licensed vaccine for rsv is available. we have developed virus-like particle (vlp)-based rsv vaccines assembled with the human metapneumovirus (hmpv) matrix protein (m) as the structural scaffold and the rsv fusion glycoprotein (f) in either the postfusion or ... | 2016 | 27030590 |
| viral etiology of severe acute respiratory infections in hospitalized children in cameroon, 2011-2013. | severe acute respiratory illness (sari) is recognized as an important cause of morbidity, mortality, and hospitalization among children in developing countries. little is known, however, in tropical countries like cameroon about the cause and seasonality of respiratory infections, especially in hospitalized settings. | 2016 | 27012372 |
| systematic review and meta-analysis of respiratory viral coinfections in children. | respiratory infections are a common cause of paediatric morbidity. clinical outcomes in children hospitalized with single respiratory virus infection are compared with those with two or more viral-viral coinfection. studies were restricted to those reporting on children aged less than 5 years (prospero crd#42014009133). published data to calculate risk ratios (rr) comparing children with single viral infections to coinfection using a random effects model were used. similar analyses by pathogen p ... | 2016 | 26919484 |
| prevalence of rhinovirus in wheezing children: a comparison with respiratory syncytial virus wheezing. | to explore the distribution and clinical manifestations of rhinovirus infection in wheezing children, and compare the clinical differences between rhinovirus- and respiratory syncytial virus-induced wheezing. | 2016 | 26859065 |
| albuterol use in children hospitalized with human metapneumovirus respiratory infection. | introduction. human metapneumovirus (hmpv) is a paramyxovirus from the same subfamily as respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) and causes similar acute lower respiratory tract infection. albuterol in the setting of acute rsv infection is controversial and has not yet been studied in hmpv. we sought to determine the frequency of albuterol use in hmpv infection and the association between albuterol administration and patient outcomes. methods. we conducted a retrospective cohort study identifying all ... | 2016 | 26925109 |
| pediatric asthma and viral infection. | respiratory viral infections, particularly respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) and rhinovirus, are the most importance risk factors for the onset of wheezing in infants and small children. bronchiolitis is the most common acute respiratory infection in children under 1year of age, and the most common cause of hospitalization in this age group. rsv accounts for approximately 70% of all these cases, followed by rhinovirus, adenovirus, metapneumovirus and bocavirus. the association between bronchioli ... | 2016 | 26766408 |
| a comparison of human metapneumovirus and respiratory syncytial virus who-defined severe pneumonia in moroccan children. | acute respiratory infections remain the principal cause of morbidity and mortality in moroccan children. besides bacterial infections, respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) and human metapneumovirus (hmpv) are prominent among other viruses due to their high prevalence and association with severe clinical episodes. we aimed to describe and compare rsv- and hmpv-associated cases of who-defined severe pneumonia in a paediatric population admitted to morocco's reference hospital. children aged 2-59 mont ... | 2016 | 26143933 |
| comprehensive real-time epidemiological data from respiratory infections in finland between 2010 and 2014 obtained from an automated and multianalyte maripoc® respiratory pathogen test. | respiratory viruses cause seasonal epidemics every year. several respiratory pathogens are circulating simultaneously and typical symptoms of different respiratory infections are alike, meaning it is challenging to identify and diagnose different respiratory pathogens based on symptoms alone. maripoc® is an automated, multianalyte antigen test which allows the rapid detection of nine respiratory infection pathogens [influenza a and b viruses, respiratory syncytial virus (rsv), human metapneumovi ... | 2016 | 26740322 |
| etiology, seasonality, and clinical characterization of viral respiratory infections among hospitalized children in beirut, lebanon. | acute respiratory tract viral infections occur worldwide and are one of the major global burdens of diseases in children. the aim of this study was to determine the viral etiology of respiratory infections in hospitalized children, to understand the viral seasonality in a major lebanese hospital, and to correlate disease severity and the presence of virus. over a 1-year period, nasal and throat swabs were collected from 236 pediatric patients, aged 16-year old or less and hospitalized for acute ... | 2016 | 27061822 |
| respiratory viruses associated hospitalization among children aged <5 years in bangladesh: 2010-2014. | we combined hospital-based surveillance and health utilization survey data to estimate the incidence of respiratory viral infections associated hospitalization among children aged < 5 years in bangladesh. | 2016 | 26840782 |
| viral etiology of medically attended influenza-like illnesses in children less than five years old in suzhou, china, 2011-2014. | limited information is available on the non-influenza etiology and epidemiology of influenza-like illness (ili) in china. from april 2011 to march 2014, we collected oropharyngeal swabs from children less than 5 years of age with symptoms of ili who presented to the outpatient departments of suzhou university affiliated children's hospital (sch). we used reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (rt-pcr) or pcr to detect 11 respiratory viruses. among 3,662 enrolled ili patients, 1,292 (35. ... | 2016 | 26792409 |
| prevalence of human metapneumovirus infection among patients with influenza-like illness: report from a tertiary care centre, southern india. | human metapneumovirus (hmpv), discovered in the 21st century, has emerged as an important cause of influenza-like illness in children and adults causing mild upper respiratory tract infection to severe bronchiolitis and community-associated pneumonia. the aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of hmpv in the union territory of puducherry, india, as part of national influenza surveillance programme. | 2016 | 26776115 |
| codetection of respiratory syncytial virus in habituated wild western lowland gorillas and humans during a respiratory disease outbreak. | pneumoviruses have been identified as causative agents in several respiratory disease outbreaks in habituated wild great apes. based on phylogenetic evidence, transmission from humans is likely. however, the pathogens have never been detected in the local human population prior to or at the same time as an outbreak. here, we report the first simultaneous detection of a human respiratory syncytial virus (hrsv) infection in western lowland gorillas (gorilla gorilla gorilla) and in the local human ... | 2016 | 27436109 |
| pathogen profiles and molecular epidemiology of respiratory viruses in japanese inpatients with community-acquired pneumonia. | the etiological profile of viruses among adult patients with community-acquired pneumonia (cap) has not been characterized yet. the aim of this study was twofold: first, investigate the pathogen profiles and the molecular epidemiology of respiratory viruses among japanese cap patients; and second, explore the clinical significance of viral infections. | 2016 | 27424825 |
| metapneumovirus infections and respiratory complications. | acute respiratory tract infections (artis) are the most common illnesses experienced by people of all ages worldwide. in 2001, a new respiratory pathogen called human metapneumovirus (hmpv) was identified in respiratory secretions. hmpv is an rna virus of the paramyxoviridae family, and it has been isolated on every continent and from individuals of all ages. hmpv causes 7 to 19% of all cases of artis in both hospitalized and outpatient children, and the rate of detection in adults is approximat ... | 2016 | 27486733 |
| engineering, structure and immunogenicity of the human metapneumovirus f protein in the postfusion conformation. | human metapneumovirus (hmpv) is a paramyxovirus that is a common cause of bronchiolitis and pneumonia in children less than five years of age. the hmpv fusion (f) glycoprotein is the primary target of neutralizing antibodies and is thus a critical vaccine antigen. to facilitate structure-based vaccine design, we stabilized the ectodomain of the hmpv f protein in the postfusion conformation and determined its structure to a resolution of 3.3 å by x-ray crystallography. the structure resembles an ... | 2016 | 27611367 |
| etiology and clinical characteristics of single and multiple respiratory virus infections diagnosed in croatian children in two respiratory seasons. | the aim of this study was to determine the causative agent of acute respiratory infection (ari) in hospitalized children, as well as investigate the characteristics of aris with single and multiple virus detection in two respiratory seasons. in 2010 and 2015, nasopharyngeal and pharyngeal swabs from a total of 134 children, admitted to the hospital due to ari, were tested using multiplex pcr. viral etiology was established in 81.3% of the patients. coinfection with two viruses was diagnosed in 2 ... | 2016 | 27656298 |
| multiple strategies reveal a bidentate interaction between the nipah virus attachment and fusion glycoproteins. | the paramyxoviral family contains many medically important viruses, including measles virus, mumps virus, parainfluenza viruses, respiratory syncytial virus, human metapneumovirus, and the deadly zoonotic henipaviruses hendra and nipah virus (niv). to both enter host cells and spread from cell to cell within infected hosts, the vast majority of paramyxoviruses utilize two viral envelope glycoproteins: the attachment glycoprotein (g, h, or hemagglutinin-neuraminidase [hn]) and the fusion glycopro ... | 2016 | 27654290 |
| community acquired respiratory virus infections in cancer patients-guideline on diagnosis and management by the infectious diseases working party of the german society for haematology and medical oncology. | community acquired viruses (crvs) may cause severe disease in cancer patients. thus, efforts should be made to diagnose crv rapidly and manage crv infections accordingly. | 2016 | 27681877 |
| spirometry filters can be used to detect exhaled respiratory viruses. | respiratory viruses are very common in the community and contribute to the burden of illness for patients with chronic respiratory diseases, including acute exacerbations. traditional sampling methods are invasive and problematic to repeat. accordingly, we explored whether respiratory viruses could be isolated from disposable spirometry filters and whether detection of viruses in this context represented presence in the upper or lower respiratory tract. discovery (n = 53) and validation (n = ... | 2016 | 27669334 |
| human metapneumovirus circulation in the united states, 2008 to 2014. | human metapneumovirus (hmpv) infection causes respiratory illness, including bronchiolitis and pneumonia. however, national hmpv seasonality, as it compares with respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) and influenza seasonality patterns, has not been well described. | 2016 | 27244790 |
| detection of human metapneumovirus and respiratory syncytial virus by real-time polymerase chain reaction among hospitalized young children in iran. | acute respiratory infection plays an important role in hospitalization of children in developing countries; detection of viral causes in such infections is very important. the respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is the most common etiological agent of viral lower respiratory tract infection in children, and human metapneumovirus (hmpv) is associated with both upper and lower respiratory tract infections among infants and children. | 2016 | 27226877 |
| a chimeric pneumovirus fusion protein carrying neutralizing epitopes of both mpv and rsv. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) and human metapneumovirus (hmpv) are paramyxoviruses that are responsible for substantial human health burden, particularly in children and the elderly. the fusion (f) glycoproteins are major targets of the neutralizing antibody response and studies have mapped dominant antigenic sites in f. here we grafted a major neutralizing site of rsv f, recognized by the prophylactic monoclonal antibody palivizumab, onto hmpv f, generating a chimeric protein displaying epi ... | 2016 | 27224013 |
| coinfections of the respiratory tract: viral competition for resources. | studies have shown that simultaneous infection of the respiratory tract with at least two viruses is common in hospitalized patients, although it is not clear whether these infections are more or less severe than single virus infections. we use a mathematical model to study the dynamics of viral coinfection of the respiratory tract in an effort to understand the kinetics of these infections. specifically, we use our model to investigate coinfections of influenza, respiratory syncytial virus, rhi ... | 2016 | 27196110 |
| temporal trends and factors associated with pediatric hospitalizations with respiratory infection. | asthma is the leading cause of emergency room visits in children, and those with asthma tend to suffer from more severe consequences of respiratory tract infections. the aims of this study were among children who required hospitalization, compare differences between those admitted with or without respiratory infection, describe changes in yearly proportion of asthma among the children admitted with a respiratory infection in new york city from 2006 to 2012 and ascertain how asthma affected the a ... | 2016 | 26364908 |
| human metapneumovirus infection is associated with severe respiratory disease in preschool children with history of prematurity. | human metapneumovirus (hmpv) is a recently discovered respiratory pathogen of the family paramyxoviridae, the same family as that of respiratory syncytial virus (rsv). premature children are at high risk of severe rsv infections, however, it is unclear whether hmpv infection is more severe in hospitalized children with a history of severe prematurity. | 2016 | 26117550 |
| therapeutic potential of n-acetylcysteine for wound healing, acute bronchiolitis, and congenital heart defects. | wound healing is a composite and vital process in which devitalized tissue layers and cellular structures repair themselves. bronchiolitis is generally prompted by respiratory syncytial virus or human metapneumovirus; this condition is an acute inflammatory injury of bronchioles. heart problems that develop before birth are known as congenital heart defects (chds), and pregestational diabetes is considered a major predisposing factor of chds. n-acetylcysteine (nac) is a transformed kind of amino ... | 2016 | 26651980 |
| sendai virus as a backbone for vaccines against rsv and other human paramyxoviruses. | human paramyxoviruses are the etiological agents for life-threatening respiratory virus infections of infants and young children. these viruses, including respiratory syncytial virus (rsv), the human parainfluenza viruses (hpiv1-4) and human metapneumovirus (hmpv), are responsible for millions of serious lower respiratory tract infections each year worldwide. there are currently no standard treatments and no licensed vaccines for any of these pathogens. here we review research with which sendai ... | 2016 | 26648515 |
| similar virus spectra and seasonality in paediatric patients with acute respiratory disease, ghana and germany. | epidemiological differences between tropical and temperate regions regarding viruses causing acute respiratory infection are poorly understood. this is in part because methodological differences limit the comparability of data from these two regions. using identical molecular detection methods, we tested 1174 ghanaian and 539 german children with acute respiratory infections sampled over 12 months for the 15 most common respiratory viruses by pcr. a total 43.2% of the ghanaian and 56.6% of the g ... | 2016 | 26585774 |
| predictors of hospitalization for lower respiratory tract infection in children aged <2 years in the province of quebec, canada. | young age, adverse environmental conditions and infectious agents are established risk factors of lower respiratory tract infection (lrti), whereas pneumococcal conjugate vaccines may be protective. to explore their relative role as predictors of hospitalizations under the continental climate prevailing in the province of quebec, canada, an ecological study was performed. records with a main diagnosis of lrti in children born during 2007-2010 and observed up to their second-year anniversary were ... | 2016 | 26381086 |
| respiratory viral detection in children and adults: comparing asymptomatic controls and patients with community-acquired pneumonia. | the clinical significance of viruses detected in patients with community-acquired pneumonia (cap) is often unclear. | 2016 | 26180044 |
| google flu trends in canada: a comparison of digital disease surveillance data with physician consultations and respiratory virus surveillance data, 2010-2014. | the value of google flu trends (gft) remains unclear after it overestimated the proportion of physician visits related to influenza-like illness (ili) in the united states in 2012-2013. however, gft estimates (%gft) have not been examined nationally in canada nor compared with positivity for respiratory viruses other than influenza. for 2010-2014, we compared %gft for canada to public health agency of canada ili consultation rates (%phac) and to positivity for influenza a and b, respiratory sync ... | 2016 | 26135239 |
| viral respiratory infections of adults in the intensive care unit. | viral lower respiratory tract infections (lrtis) are an underappreciated cause of critical illness in adults. recent advances in viral detection techniques over the past decade have demonstrated viral lrtis are associated with rates of morbidity, mortality, and health care utilization comparable to those of seen with bacterial community acquired and nosocomial pneumonias. in this review, we describe the relationship between viral lrtis and critical illness, as well as discuss relevant clinical f ... | 2016 | 25990273 |
| maternal vitamin d supplementation during pregnancy and lactation to prevent acute respiratory infections in infancy in dhaka, bangladesh (mdari trial): protocol for a prospective cohort study nested within a randomized controlled trial. | early infancy is a high-risk period for severe acute respiratory infection (ari), particularly in low-income countries with resource-limited health systems. lower respiratory tract infection (lrti) is commonly preceded by upper respiratory infection (urti), and often caused by respiratory syncytial virus (rsv), influenza and other common community-acquired viral pathogens. vitamin d status is a candidate modifiable early-life determinant of the host antiviral immune response and thus may influen ... | 2016 | 27737646 |
| epidemiology and clinical characteristics of respiratory infections due to adenovirus in children living in milan, italy, during 2013 and 2014. | to evaluate the predominant human adenovirus (hadv) species and types associated with pediatric respiratory infections, nasopharyngeal swabs were collected from otherwise healthy children attending an emergency room in milan, italy, due to a respiratory tract infection from january 1 to february 28 of two subsequent years, 2013 and 2014. the hadvs were detected using a respiratory virus panel fast assay (xtag rvp fast v2) and with a hadv-specific real-time polymerase chain reaction; their nucleo ... | 2016 | 27045588 |
| rapid profiling of rsv antibody repertoires from the memory b cells of naturally infected adult donors. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) causes substantial morbidity and mortality in young children and the elderly. there are currently no licensed rsv vaccines, and passive prophylaxis with the monoclonal antibody palivizumab is restricted to high-risk infants in part due to its modest efficacy. although it is widely agreed that an effective rsv vaccine will require the induction of a potent neutralizing antibody response against the rsv fusion (f) glycoprotein, little is known about the specificit ... | 2016 | 28111638 |
| respiratory viral infections and coinfections in children with cancer, fever and neutropenia: clinical outcome of infections caused by different respiratory viruses. | respiratory viral infections in episodes of fever and neutropenia (fn) in children with cancer are not well characterized. we compared the clinical outcome of infections caused by different respiratory viruses (rvs) and by rv coinfection in this population. | 2016 | 27518750 |
| development of a multiplex rt-pcr for simultaneous diagnosis of human metapneumovirus (hmpv) and human respiratory syncytial virus (hrsv) from clinical specimens. | human metapneumovirus (hmpv) and human respiratory syncytial virus (hrsv) are ubiquitous respiratory viral pathogens. they belong to the family paramyxoviridae (subfamily pneumovirinae) and is responsible for acute respiratory tract infections in children, elderly and immunocompromised patients. we designed and tested a multiplex reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (mrt-pcr) as a cost-effective alternative to real-time pcr and cell culture based detection for hmpv and hrsv. the newly ... | 2016 | 28004017 |
| viral pathogens among elderly people with acute respiratory infections in shanghai, china: preliminary results from a laboratory-based surveillance, 2012-2015. | acute respiratory infections (aris), with viral pathogens as the major contributors, are the most common illnesses worldwide, and increase the morbidity and mortality among the elderly population. the clinical and pathological features of elderly people with aris need to be identified for disease intervention. from january 1(st) , 2012 through december 31(st) , 2015, respiratory specimens from patients above 60 years old with aris were collected from the outpatient and inpatient settings of six ... | 2016 | 27943329 |
| aberrant t cell immunity triggered by human respiratory syncytial virus and human metapneumovirus infection. | human respiratory syncytial virus (hrsv) and human metapneumovirus (hmpv) are the two major etiological viral agents of lower respiratory tract diseases, affecting mainly infants, young children and the elderly. although the infection of both viruses trigger an antiviral immune response that mediate viral clearance and disease resolution in immunocompetent individuals, the promotion of long-term immunity appears to be deficient and reinfection are common throughout life. a possible explanation f ... | 2016 | 27911218 |
| human metapneumovirus in the preterm neonate: current perspectives. | premature birth (<37 weeks gestation) occurs in ~11% of all births in the us. these infants are at risk of chronic lung disease and respiratory conditions, including bronchopulmonary dysplasia. respiratory viruses are important causes of acute respiratory illness (ari) in preterm infants, leading to rehospitalization, increased health care burden, and long-term morbidity. human metapneumovirus (hmpv) is a paramyxovirus discovered in 2001 that is related to respiratory syncytial virus. epidemiolo ... | 2016 | 27891060 |
| viral respiratory infections in a nursing home: a six-month prospective study. | the knowledge on viral respiratory infections in nursing home (nh) residents and their caregivers is limited. the purpose of the present study was to assess and compare the incidence of acute respiratory infections (ari) in nursing home (nh) residents and staff, to identify viruses involved in ari and to correlate viral etiology with clinical manifestations of ari. | 2016 | 27814689 |
| ending preventable maternal and newborn deaths due to infection. | over 300,000 maternal deaths occur each year, 11% of which are thought to be due to infectious causes, and approximately one million newborns die within the first week of life annually due to infectious causes. infections in pregnancy may result in a variety of adverse obstetrical outcomes, including preterm delivery, pre-labor rupture of membranes, stillbirth, spontaneous abortion, congenital infection, and anomalies. this paper reviews the burden of disease due to key infections and their cont ... | 2016 | 27450868 |
| clinical characterisation and phylogeny of respiratory syncytial virus infection in hospitalised children at red cross war memorial children's hospital, cape town. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is a major cause of lower respiratory tract infection in young children in both the community and hospital setting. | 2016 | 27246848 |
| maternal immunization: optimizing protection for the mother and infant. | immunizing the pregnant woman to protect both the mother and her infant from infection has been utilized increasingly over the last decade. new outbreaks of pandemic influenza and the resurgence of pertussis have resulted in policy changes and shifts in health authority recommendations for a number of vaccines aimed to protect both pregnant women and their infants in the first months of life. the ability of maternal immunoglobulin igg antibodies to be transported readily across the healthy intac ... | 2016 | 27233120 |
| epidemiology of acute lower respiratory tract infection in hiv-exposed uninfected infants. | increased morbidity and mortality from lower respiratory tract infection (lrti) has been suggested in hiv-exposed uninfected (heu) children; however, the contribution of respiratory viruses is unclear. we studied the epidemiology of lrti hospitalization in hiv-unexposed uninfected (huu) and heu infants aged <6 months in south africa. | 2016 | 27025960 |
| the role of influenza, rsv and other common respiratory viruses in severe acute respiratory infections and influenza-like illness in a population with a high hiv sero-prevalence, south africa 2012-2015. | viruses detected in patients with acute respiratory infections may be the cause of illness or asymptomatic shedding. | 2016 | 26741826 |
| new vaccines for the world's poorest people. | the 2000 millennium development goals helped stimulate the development of life-saving childhood vaccines for pneumococcal and rotavirus infections while greatly expanding coverage of existing vaccines. however, there remains an urgent need to develop new vaccines for hiv/aids, malaria, and tuberculosis, as well as for respiratory syncytial virus and those chronic and debilitating (mostly parasitic) infections known as neglected tropical diseases (ntds). the ntds represent the most common disease ... | 2016 | 26356803 |
| thermoresponsive polymer nanoparticles co-deliver rsv f trimers with a tlr-7/8 adjuvant. | structure-based vaccine design has been used to develop immunogens that display conserved neutralization sites on pathogens such as hiv-1, respiratory syncytial virus (rsv), and influenza. improving the immunogenicity of these designed immunogens with adjuvants will require formulations that do not alter protein antigenicity. here, we show that nanoparticle-forming thermoresponsive polymers (trp) allow for co-delivery of rsv fusion (f) protein trimers with toll-like receptor 7 and 8 agonists (tl ... | 2016 | 27583777 |
| a celebration of the life and work of caroline breese hall, md. | 2016 | 26908498 | |
| severity of respiratory syncytial virus lower respiratory tract infection with viral coinfection in hiv-uninfected children. | molecular diagnostics enable sensitive detection of respiratory viruses, but their clinical significance remains unclear in pediatric lower respiratory tract infection (lrti). we aimed to determine whether viral coinfections increased life-threatening disease in a large cohort. | 2016 | 27927871 |
| a structural and mathematical modeling analysis of the likelihood of antibody-dependent enhancement in influenza. | broadly neutralizing monoclonal antibodies (bnabs) for viral infections, such as hiv, respiratory syncytial virus (rsv), and influenza, are increasingly entering clinical development. for influenza, most neutralizing antibodies target influenza virus hemagglutinin. these bnabs represent an emerging, promising modality for treatment and prophylaxis of influenza due to their multiple mechanisms of antiviral action and generally safe profile. preclinical work in other viral diseases, such as dengue ... | 2016 | 27751627 |
| respiratory virus-associated severe acute respiratory illness and viral clustering in malawian children in a setting with a high prevalence of hiv infection, malaria, and malnutrition. | we used data from 4 years of pediatric severe acute respiratory illness (sari) sentinel surveillance in blantyre, malawi, to identify factors associated with clinical severity and coviral clustering. | 2016 | 27630199 |
| human coronaviruses in severe acute respiratory infection (sari) cases in southwest india. | acute viral respiratory infections (avri) are a leading cause of morbidity and mortality among all age groups globally. except for influenza virus and respiratory syncytial virus, mostly viral aetiology of avri remains undiagnosed. lately, human coronaviruses (hcovs) have emerged as an important aetiology of avri. a laboratory based retrospective cross sectional study was conducted in which respiratory samples (throat swabs) of patients (n = 864), with influenza negative sari, of all age groups ... | 2016 | 26512711 |
| a nationwide survey of common viral infections in childhood among patients with primary immunodeficiency diseases. | patients with primary immunodeficiency diseases (pid) are highly susceptible to various microorganisms. however, no population-based studies have been performed among common viral pathogens, such as respiratory syncytial virus (rsv), rotavirus (rv), varicella-zoster virus (vzv) and influenza virus (iv). the objective of this study was to reveal the clinical burden of these four infections among pid patients in japan. | 2016 | 27498293 |
| an overview of infectious complications after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. | infections are the most common and significant cause of mortality and morbidity after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-hsct). the presence of neutropenia and mucosal damage are the leading risk factors in the early pre-engraftment phase. in the early post-engraftment phase, graft versus host disease (gvhd) induced infection risk is increased in addition to catheter related infections. in the late phase, in which reconstitution of cellular and humoral immunity continues, a ... | 2016 | 27344206 |
| incidence and viral aetiologies of acute respiratory illnesses (aris) in the united states: a population-based study. | we conducted prospective, community-wide surveillance for acute respiratory illnesses (aris) in rochester, ny and marshfield, wi during a 3-month period in winter 2011. we estimated the incidence of aris in each community, tested for viruses, and determined the proportion of aris associated with healthcare visits. we used a rolling cross-sectional design to sample participants, conducted telephone interviews to assess ari symptoms (defined as a current illness with feverishness or cough within t ... | 2016 | 26931351 |
| approved antiviral drugs over the past 50 years. | since the first antiviral drug, idoxuridine, was approved in 1963, 90 antiviral drugs categorized into 13 functional groups have been formally approved for the treatment of the following 9 human infectious diseases: (i) hiv infections (protease inhibitors, integrase inhibitors, entry inhibitors, nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors, nonnucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors, and acyclic nucleoside phosphonate analogues), (ii) hepatitis b virus (hbv) infections (lamivudine, interferon ... | 2016 | 27281742 |
| chimeric virus-like particles containing a conserved region of the g protein in combination with a single peptide of the m2 protein confer protection against respiratory syncytial virus infection. | to investigate the feasibility and efficacy of a virus-like particle (vlp) vaccine composed of the conserved antigenic epitopes of respiratory syncytial virus (rsv), the chimeric rsv vlps hbcδ-tg and hbcδ-tg/m282-90 were generated based on the truncated hepatitis b virus core protein (hbcδ). hbcδ-tg consisted of hbcδ, the conserved region (aa 144-204) of the rsv g protein. hbcδ-tg was combined with a single peptide (aa 82-90) of the m2 protein to generate hbcδ-tg/m282-90. immunization of mice wi ... | 2016 | 27154395 |
| murine norovirus (mnv-1) exposure in vitro to the purine nucleoside analog ribavirin increases quasispecies diversity. | ribavirin is a pharmaceutical antiviral used for the treatment of rna virus infections including norovirus, hepatitis c virus, hepatitis e virus, lassa virus, respiratory syncytial virus, and rhinovirus. despite the drug's history and documented efficacy, the antiviral mechanism of ribavirin remains unclear. mechanisms proposed include depletion of the intracellular gtp pool, immunomodulatory effects, induction of error catastrophe, inhibition of viral polymerase activity, and/or inhibition of v ... | 2016 | 26494169 |
| c-terminal dxd-containing sequences within paramyxovirus nucleocapsid proteins determine matrix protein compatibility and can direct foreign proteins into budding particles. | paramyxovirus particles are formed by a budding process coordinated by viral matrix (m) proteins. m proteins coalesce at sites underlying infected cell membranes and induce other viral components, including viral glycoproteins and viral ribonucleoprotein complexes (vrnps), to assemble at these locations from which particles bud. m proteins interact with the nucleocapsid (np or n) components of vrnps, and these interactions enable production of infectious, genome-containing virions. for the param ... | 2016 | 26792745 |
| incidence and clinical course of respiratory viral coinfections in children aged 0-59 months. | clinical data available on coinfections are contradictory concerning both the number of viruses involved and the severity of the condition. a total of 114 patients aged 0-59 months with symptoms of respiratory tract infection were enrolled into the study. nasal and pharyngeal swabs were tested using the pcr method for the following 12 viruses: influenza a, influenza b, respiratory syncytial virus a (rsv a), respiratory syncytial virus b (rsv b), adenovirus, metapneumovirus, coronavirus 229e/nl63 ... | 2016 | 26801151 |
| non-typeable haemophilus influenzae protects human airway epithelial cells from a subsequent respiratory syncytial virus challenge. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) and the common commensal and opportunistic pathogen, non-typeable haemophilus influenzae (nthi) both serve as a frequent cause of respiratory infection in children. although it is well established that some respiratory viruses can increase host susceptibility to secondary bacterial infections, few studies have examined how commensal bacteria could influence a secondary viral response. here, we examined the impact of nthi exposure on a subsequent rsv infection of ... | 2016 | 27573069 |
| ten-year study of the stringently defined otitis-prone child in rochester, ny. | this review summarizes a prospective, longitudinal 10-year study in rochester, ny, with virtually every clinically diagnosed acute otitis media (aom) confirmed by bacterial culture of middle ear fluid. children experiencing 3 episodes within 6 months or 4 episodes in 12 months were considered stringently defined otitis prone (sop). we found stringent diagnosis compared with clinical diagnosis reduced the frequency of children meeting the op definition from 27% to 6% resulting in 14.8% and 2.4% r ... | 2016 | 27273691 |
| intercellular adhesion molecule 1 serves as a primary cognate receptor for the type iv pilus of nontypeable haemophilus influenzae. | nontypeable haemophilus influenzae (nthi) utilizes the type iv pilus (tfp) to adhere to respiratory tract epithelial cells thus colonizing its human host; however, the host cell receptor to which this adhesive protein binds is unknown. from a panel of receptors engaged by tfp expressed by other bacterial species, we showed that the majority subunit of nthi tfp, pila, bound to intercellular adhesion molecule 1 (icam1) and that this interaction was both specific and of high affinity. further, tfp- ... | 2016 | 26857242 |
| impact of meteorological factors on lower respiratory tract infections in children. | to evaluate retrospectively the relationship between meteorological factors in shenmu county, yulin city, shaanxi province, china and the incidence of lower respiratory tract infections in children. | 2016 | 26658270 |
| analysis of antiviral properties of hexoral in vitro against some viruses that cause acute respiratory infections and herpes. | antiviral properties of hexoral (0.1% solution and 0.2% aerosol for local application) and its constituent hexetidine against viruses causing human respiratory tract infections and herpes virus were studied in vitro. it was found that non-cytotoxic concentrations of hexetidine (alone and as a component of hexoral) attenuated infectious properties of highly virulent influenza virus a/h5n1, pandemic influenza virus a/h1n1pdm, respiratory syncytial virus, and herpes simplex virus type 1 after a sho ... | 2016 | 26750930 |
| nasopharyngeal microbiota, host transcriptome, and disease severity in children with respiratory syncytial virus infection. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is the leading cause of acute lower respiratory tract infections and hospitalizations in infants worldwide. known risk factors, however, incompletely explain the variability of rsv disease severity, especially among healthy children. we postulate that the severity of rsv infection is influenced by modulation of the host immune response by the local bacterial ecosystem. | 2016 | 27135599 |
| incidence of respiratory disease during the first two years of life in children with hemodynamically significant congenital heart disease in italy: a retrospective study. | children affected by hemodynamically significant congenital heart disease (hschd) experience severe respiratory complications that can increase the frequency of hospitalizations. the aim of the sinergy study was to describe the incidence of respiratory diseases and to collect information on active and passive immunoprophylaxis in the first 2 years of life. in this retrospective, multicenter, and epidemiologic study, children with hschd were enrolled across 11 italian sites. children born between ... | 2016 | 27573216 |
| [differential diagnosis of the viral etiology of suspected mumps in a population with high vaccine coverage]. | in this study, buccal swabs from patients with the clinical picture of parotitis epidemica in whom mumps virus (mv) infection was not confirmed by direct detection or serologically were tested. the aim was to detect by molecular methods nucleic acids (nas) of other respiratory viruses possibly involved in salivary gland swelling. at the same time, paired sera, if available, were tested. | 2016 | 28078898 |
| outcomes of influenza infections in hematopoietic cell transplant recipients: application of an immunodeficiency scoring index. | hematopoietic cell transplant (hct) recipients have lower immune response to influenza vaccination and are susceptible to lower respiratory tract infection (lri) and death. we determined clinical characteristics and outcomes of laboratory-confirmed influenza, including 2014/h3n2 infection, in 146 hct recipients. an immunodeficiency scoring index (isi) was applied to identify patients at high risk for lri and death. thirty-three patients (23%) developed lri and 7 (5%) died within 30 days of diagn ... | 2016 | 26638804 |
| the clinical usefulness of lymphocyte:monocyte ratios in differentiating influenza from viral non-influenza-like illnesses in hospitalized adults during the 2015 influenza a (h3n2) epidemic: the uniqueness of hpiv-3 mimicking influenza a. | during influenza epidemics, influenza-like illnesses (ilis) viruses cocirculate with influenza strains. if positive, rapid influenza diagnostic tests (ridts) identify influenza a/b, but false-negative ridts require retesting by viral polymerase chain reaction (pcr). patient volume limits testing during influenza epidemics, and non-specific laboratory findings have been used for presumptive diagnosis pending definitive viral testing. in adults, the most useful laboratory abnormalities in influenz ... | 2016 | 26563893 |
| viral inhibition of bacterial phagocytosis by human macrophages: redundant role of cd36. | macrophages are essential to maintaining lung homoeostasis and recent work has demonstrated that influenza-infected lung macrophages downregulate their expression of the scavenger receptor cd36. this receptor has also been shown to be involved in phagocytosis of streptococcus pneumoniae, a primary agent associated with pneumonia secondary to viral infection. the aim of this study was to investigate the role of cd36 in the effects of viral infection on macrophage phagocytic function. human monocy ... | 2016 | 27701435 |
| surveillance for severe acute respiratory infections in southern arizona, 2010-2014. | the binational border infectious disease surveillance program began surveillance for severe acute respiratory infections (sari) on the us-mexico border in 2009. here, we describe patients in southern arizona. | 2016 | 26590069 |
| exposure to common respiratory bacteria alters the airway epithelial response to subsequent viral infection. | colonization of the airways with potential pathogenic bacteria is observed in a number of chronic respiratory diseases, such as copd or cystic fibrosis. infections with respiratory viruses are known triggers of exacerbations of these diseases. we here investigated if pre-exposure to bacteria alters the response of lung epithelial cells to subsequent viral infection. | 2016 | 27259950 |
| viral infection in the development and progression of pediatric acute respiratory distress syndrome. | viral infections are an important cause of pediatric acute respiratory distress syndrome (ards). numerous viruses, including respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) and influenza a (h1n1) virus, have been implicated in the progression of pneumonia to ards; yet the incidence of progression is unknown. despite acute and chronic morbidity associated with respiratory viral infections, particularly in "at risk" populations, treatment options are limited. thus, with few exceptions, care is symptomatic. in a ... | 2016 | 27933286 |
| [influenza surveillance in five consecutive seasons during post pandemic period: results from national influenza center, turkey]. | influenza surveillance provides data about the characteristics of influenza activity, types, sub-types and antigenic properties of the influenza viruses in circulation in a region. surveillance also provides for the preparation against potential influenza pandemics with the identification of the genetic properties of viruses and the mutant strains that could pose a threat. in this study, data in the scope of national influenza surveillance carried out by national influenza center, turkey for fiv ... | 2016 | 27525396 |
| tiotropium attenuates virus-induced pulmonary inflammation in cigarette smoke-exposed mice. | viral infections trigger exacerbations in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (copd), and tiotropium, a m3 receptor antagonist, reduces exacerbations in patients by unknown mechanisms. in this report, we investigated whether tiotropium has anti-inflammatory effects in mice exposed to cigarette smoke (cs) and infected with influenza virus a/pr/8/34 (h1n1) or respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) and compared these effects with those of steroid fluticasone and pde4-inhibitor roflumilast. mice were e ... | 2016 | 27016458 |
| viral infections in children in the 2014/2015 epidemic season in poland. | in every epidemic season, viral infections affect the general population, including children, which is an underestimated issue. the present study demonstrates the results of examination of 802 clinical samples obtained from pediatric patients aged 0-14 years during the 2014/2015 epidemic season in poland. the study was part of the virological surveillance systems - sentinel and non-sentinel. a positive result for virological infection was obtained in 50.9 % of samples tested. the distribution of ... | 2016 | 26987329 |
| monitoring respiratory virus infection in the metropolitan area of belo horizonte, brazil, 2011-2013. | to analyze the circulation of respiratory viruses in people living in the metropolitan area of belo horizonte, brazil, and hospitalized in belo horizonte from 2011 to 2013. | 2016 | 27869941 |
| long-term shedding of influenza virus, parainfluenza virus, respiratory syncytial virus and nosocomial epidemiology in patients with hematological disorders. | respiratory viruses are a cause of upper respiratory tract infections (urti), but can be associated with severe lower respiratory tract infections (lrti) in immunocompromised patients. the objective of this study was to investigate the genetic variability of influenza virus, parainfluenza virus and respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) and the duration of viral shedding in hematological patients. nasopharyngeal swabs from hematological patients were screened for influenza, parainfluenza and rsv on a ... | 2016 | 26866481 |
| antigenic drift of a/h3n2/virus and circulation of influenza-like viruses during the 2014/2015 influenza season in poland. | morbidity rates of influenza could be greatly reduced due to vaccination. however, the virus is able to evolve through genetic mutations, which is why vaccines with updated composition are necessary every season. their effectiveness depends on whether there is a good antigenic match between circulating viruses and vaccine strains. in poland, the 2014/2015 influenza epidemic started in week 5 (january/february) of 2015 and continued until week 17 (april) of 2015. the influenza activity was modera ... | 2016 | 26956457 |
| virological surveillance of influenza and other respiratory viruses during six consecutive seasons from 2006 to 2012 in catalonia, spain. | most attention is given to seasonal influenza and respiratory syncytial virus outbreaks, but the cumulative burden caused by other respiratory viruses (rv) is not widely considered. the aim of the present study is to describe the circulation of rv in the general population during six consecutive seasons from 2006 to 2012 in catalonia, spain. cell culture, immunofluorescence and pcr-based assays were used for the rv laboratory-confirmation and influenza subtyping. phylogenetic and molecular chara ... | 2016 | 26939538 |
| characteristics of severe acute respiratory infectionassociated hospitalization in yemen, 2014/15. | this study aims to describe etiological agents, demographic details of patients, seasonality and underlying conditions among patients hospitalized due to viral severe acute respiratory infection (sari) in yemen. we carried out a retrospective descriptive analysis of data from january 2014 to december 2015. nasopharyngeal swabs were taken from each patient for laboratory testing. a total of 1346 diagnostic specimens were tested, of which 733 (54%) were positive for influenza viruses. influenza a( ... | 2016 | 27714737 |
| biophysical characterization of g protein ectodomain of group b human respiratory syncytial virus from e. coli. | human respiratory syncytial virus (hrsv) is an important pathogen of acute respiratory tract infection. the g protein of hrsv is a transmembrane glycoprotein that is a neutralizing antigen and is thus a vaccine candidate. in this study, synthetic codon optimized ectodomain g protein [g(δtm)] of ba genotype of group b hrsv was cloned, expressed, and characterized using biophysical techniques. the molar absorption coefficient and mean residue ellipticity at 222 nm ([θ]222) of g (δtm) was found to ... | 2016 | 26444871 |
| update from the advisory committee on immunization practices. | the advisory committee on immunization practices (acip) consists of medical and public health experts who develop recommendations on vaccine use in the united states. the acip meets 3 times per year, and members and centers for disease control (cdc) staff present findings and discuss vaccine research, vaccine effectiveness (ve) and safety, clinical trial results, and labeling/package insert information. outbreaks of vaccine-preventable diseases and vaccine shortages are also discussed. nonvoting ... | 2016 | 27856770 |