Publications

TitleAbstractYear
Filter
PMID
Filter
inorganic base-catalyzed formation of antivirally active n-substituted benzamides from alpha-amido sulfones and n-nucleophile.abstract: background: heteronucleophiles as well as carbanionic reagents can be used to react with alpha-amido sulfones, thus giving the opportunity to prepare a large array of amino derivatives. since, novel 1,3,4-oxadiazole-2-thiol derivatives can serve as potent nucleophiles, we employed 5-subsititued phenyl-1,3,4-oxadiazole-2-thiols as the nucleophilic source of nitrogen in the reaction with alpha-amido sulfones. results: a series of n-substituted benzamides bearing 1,3,4-oxadiazol unit were ...201121545729
cucumber mosaic virus satellite rnas that induce similar symptoms in melon plants show large differences in fitness.two groups of cmv-satrnas, necrogenic and non-necrogenic, can be differentiated according to the symptoms they cause in tomato plants, a host in which they also differ in fitness. in most other cmv hosts these cmv-satrna cause similar symptoms. here we analyse if in melon plants, in which the two groups of cmv-satrnas cause similar symptoms, they differ in traits determining their relative fitness. for this, 10 necrogenic and 10 non-necrogenic field satrna genotypes were assayed with fny-cmv as ...201121562122
viral small interfering rnas target host genes to mediate disease symptoms in plants.the cucumber mosaic virus (cmv) y-satellite rna (y-sat) has a small non-protein-coding rna genome that induces yellowing symptoms in infected nicotiana tabacum (tobacco). how this rna pathogen induces such symptoms has been a longstanding question. we show that the yellowing symptoms are a result of small interfering rna (sirna)-directed rna silencing of the chlorophyll biosynthetic gene, chli. the chli mrna contains a 22-nucleotide (nt) complementary sequence to the y-sat genome, and in y-sat-i ...201121573142
a viral satellite rna induces yellow symptoms on tobacco by targeting a gene involved in chlorophyll biosynthesis using the rna silencing machinery.symptoms on virus-infected plants are often very specific to the given virus. the molecular mechanisms involved in viral symptom induction have been extensively studied, but are still poorly understood. cucumber mosaic virus (cmv) y satellite rna (y-sat) is a non-coding subviral rna and modifies the typical symptom induced by cmv in specific hosts; y-sat causes a bright yellow mosaic on its natural host nicotiana tabacum. the y-sat-induced yellow mosaic failed to develop in the infected arabidop ...201121573143
differential effects of cucumber mosaic virus satellite rnas in the perturbation of microrna-regulated gene expression in tomato.viral infections generally cause disease symptoms by interfering with the microrna (mirna)-mediated regulation of gene expression of host plants. in tomato leaves, the accumulation levels of eleven mirnas and ten target mrnas were enhanced by different degrees upon cucumber mosaic virus (cmv)-fny and tomato aspermy virus (tav)-bj infections. the ability of cmv-fny to interfere with mirna pathway was dramatically suppressed in the addition of the benign satellite (sat) rna variant (satyn12), but ...201121590278
size and positional effects of promoter rna segments on virus-induced rna-directed dna methylation and transcriptional gene silencing.dna methylation at a gene promoter can be triggered by double-stranded rnas (dsrnas) through the rna-directed dna methylation (rddm) pathway and induces transcriptional gene silencing (tgs). although genes involved in the rddm pathway have been identified, whether dsrnas of different promoter regions have different extent of effects on rddm and/or tgs is unknown. here, we addressed this question by targeting the camv 35s promoter in the plant genome using a recombinant cucumber mosaic virus that ...201121610318
virus-induced necrosis is a consequence of direct protein-protein interaction between a viral rna silencing suppressor and a host catalase.many plant host factors are known to interact with viral proteins during pathogenesis, but how a plant virus induces a specific disease symptom still needs further research. a lily strain of cucumber mosaic virus (cmv-hl) can induce discrete necrotic spots on infected arabidopsis plants; other cmv stains can induce similar spots, but they are not as distinct as those induced by cmv-hl. the cmv 2b protein (2b), a known rna silencing suppressor (rss), is involved in viral movement and in symptom i ...201121622812
[implication of post-translational modifications in suppressor activity and stability of the cucumber mosaic virus 2b protein].to gain insights into the function of potential post-translational modifications on the activity of the cucumber mosaic virus (cmv)-encoded silencing suppressor protein 2b, one predicted phosphorylation site (s40) and two predicted ubiquitination/sumoylation sites (k22 and k39) in cmv-q2b protein were individually or simultaneously mutated by site-directed mutagenesis methods. these q2b mutants were inserted into plant expression vectors, expressed in plant leaves, and then analyzed for their si ...201121650045
biotechnological approaches to determine the impact of viruses in the energy crop plant jatropha curcas.abstract: background: geminiviruses infect a wide range of plant species including jatropha and cassava both belonging to family euphorbiaceae. cassava is traditionally an important food crop in sub - saharan countries, while jatropha is considered as valuable biofuel plant with great perspectives in the future. results: a total of 127 jatropha samples from ethiopia and kenya and 124 cassava samples from kenya were tested by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) for rna virus and polymerase ...201121812981
clustering of pathogen-response genes in the genome of arabidopsis thaliana.previously, we employed heterologously expressed sequence tag (est) mapping to generate a profile of 4 935 pathogen-response genes of arabidopsis thaliana. in this work, we performed a computer analysis of this profile, revealing 1 594 non-homologous clustered genes distributed among all a. thaliana chromosomes, whose co-regulation may be related to host responses to pathogens. to supplement computer data, we arbitrarily selected two clusters and analyzed their expression levels in a. thaliana e ...201121806778
development of a portable, high throughput biosensor system for rapid plant virus detection.biosensors based on living cells are characterized by high sensitivity, selectivity and rapid response times. a novel portable cell biosensor system for the detection of plant viruses, based on immobilized 'vero' cells carrying on their membrane virus specific antibodies was developed and was designated as high throughput bioelectric recognition assay (bera-htp). bera-htp was tested for the detection of purified potato virus y (pvy), cucumber mosaic virus (cmv) and tobacco rattle virus (trv) and ...201121781989
profiling of cucumber mosaic virus responsive mrnas in tomato using micro paraflo microfluidics microarrays.cucumber mosaic virus (cmv) is widely spread worldwide, causing typical systemic mosaic and other symptoms in tomato (solanum lycopersicum). host responses to cmv and molecular mechanisms associated with the development of disease symptoms caused by this virus in tomato are largely unexplored. to investigate plant responses activated during this interaction, we used microarray analysis to monitor changes in host gene expression during disease development. compared with genes from mock-inoculated ...201121776678
rna-mediated epigenetic modifications of an endogenous gene targeted by a viral vector: a potent gene silencing system to produce a plant that does not carry a transgene but has altered traits.nucleotide-sequence-specific interactions mediated by double-stranded rna (dsrna) can induce gene silencing. gene silencing through transcriptional repression can be induced by dsrna targeted to a gene promoter. however, until recently, no plant has been produced that harbors an endogenous gene that remains silenced in the absence of promoter-targeting dsrna. we have reported for the first time that transcriptional gene silencing can be induced by targeting dsrna to the endogenous gene promoters ...201121772121
satellite rna reduces expression of the 2b suppressor protein resulting in the attenuation of symptoms caused by cucumber mosaic virus infection.satellite rnas (satrnas) depend on cognate helper viruses for replication, encapsidation, movement and transmission. many satrnas with different symptom modulation effects have been reported. the pathogenicity of satrnas is thought to be the result of a direct interaction among the satrna, helper viruses and host factors by unknown mechanisms. to understand the effect of satrna of cucumber mosaic virus (a severe field shandong strain, sd-cmv) on pathogenicity, and the possible involvement of hos ...201121722297
interaction of the host protein nbdnaj with potato virus x minus-strand stem-loop 1 rna and capsid protein affects viral replication and movement.plant viruses must interact with host cellular components to replicate and move from cell to cell. in the case of potato virus x (pvx), it carries stem-loop 1 (sl1) rna essential for viral replication and movement. using two-dimensional electrophoresis northwestern blot analysis, we previously identified several host proteins that bind to sl1 rna. of those, we further characterized a dnaj-like protein from nicotiana benthamiana named nbdnaj. an electrophoretic mobility shift assay confirmed that ...201122166218
satellite rna-derived small interfering rna satsir-12 targeting the 3' untranslated region of cucumber mosaic virus triggers viral rnas for degradation.rna silencing provides protection against rna viruses by targeting both the helper virus and its satellite rna (satrna). virus-derived small interfering rnas (vsirnas) bound with argonaute (ago) proteins are presumed participants in the silencing process. here, we show that a vsirna targeted to virus rnas triggers the host rna-dependent rna polymerase 6 (rdr6)-mediated degradation of viral rnas. we confirmed that satrna-derived small interfering rnas (satsirnas) could be associated with differen ...201121994448
A new satellite RNA is associated with natural infections of cucumber mosaic virus in succulent snap bean.Cucumber mosaic virus (CMV) was consistently recovered from symptomatic snap bean plants during surveys conducted in 2007 and 2008 in central Wisconsin. A large proportion of these CMV-infected plants contained a single-stranded linear RNA molecule consisting of 339 nucleotides and sharing 90-94% sequence identity with other satellite (sat) RNAs of CMV. Comparison of this satRNA sequence with currently available CMV satRNA sequences suggests this to be a novel satRNA.201122038072
Status of tobacco viruses in Serbia and molecular characterization of tomato spotted wilt virus isolates. In a four-year survey to determine the presence and distribution of viruses in tobacco crops at 17 localities of the Vojvodina Province and Central Serbia, 380 samples were collected and analyzed by DAS-ELISA. Out of the seven viruses tested, tomato spotted wilt virus (TSWV), potato virus Y (PVY), tobacco mosaic virus (TMV), cucumber mosaic virus (CMV), and alfalfa mosaic virus (AMV) were detected in 37.9, 33.4, 28.7, 23.9, and 15.5% of the total tested samples, respectively. TSWV was the most ...201122149499
Antiphytoviral activity of essential oil from endemic species Teucrium arduini.The essential oil of Teucrium arduini L. was characterized by a high concentration of sesquiterpene hydrocarbons (43.8%) of which beta-caryophyllene (19.9%) being the major compound, followed by oxygenated sesquiterpenes (19.6%) of which caryophyllene-oxide (14.6%) was dominant. When applied to plants of Chenopodium amaranticolor and Ch. quinoa for two successive days prior inoculation, the oil was effective in reducing lesion numbers on plants infected with Tobacco mosaic virus (25.7%) and Cucu ...201121941920
infection dynamics in viral spread and interference under the synergism between cucumber mosaic virus and turnip mosaic virus.mixed infection of cucumber mosaic virus (cmv) and turnip mosaic virus (tumv) induced more severe symptoms on nicotiana benthamiana than single infection. to dissect the relationships between spatial infection patterns and the 2b protein (2b) of cmv in single or mixed infections, the cmv vectors expressing enhanced green fluorescent or discosoma sp. red fluorescent proteins (egfp [eg] or dsred2 [ds], respectively were constructed from the same wild-type cmv-y and used for inoculation onto n. ben ...201221916556
repetitive prime-and-realign mechanism converts short capped rna leaders into longer ones that may be more suitable for elongation during rice stripe virus transcription initiation.cucumber mosaic virus (cmv) rnas were found to serve as cap donors for rice stripe virus (rsv) transcription initiation during their co-infection of nicotiana benthamiana. the 5' end of cmv rnas was cleaved preferentially at residues that had multiple-base complementarity to the 3' end of the rsv template. the length requirement for cmv capped primers to be suitable for elongation varied between 12 and 20 nt, and those of 12-16 nt were optimal for elongation and generated more cmv-rsv chimeric m ...201221918010
high-temperature-mediated spontaneous mutations in the coat protein of cucumber mosaic virus in nicotiana tabacum.since temperature effects on cucumber mosaic virus (cmv) have not been extensively studied, we examined the effects of a moderate increase in temperature on the virulence and the genetic diversity of cmv in nicotiana tabacum (cv. samsun nn). two passage lines were initiated by inoculation of tobacco plants with a chlorosis strain of cmv (designated ffm-cmv) derived from full-length infectious cmv clones. symptom changes in the tobacco plants were monitored during five successive passages at 25 a ...201121947505
top 10 plant viruses in molecular plant pathology.many scientists, if not all, feel that their particular plant virus should appear in any list of the most important plant viruses. however, to our knowledge, no such list exists. the aim of this review was to survey all plant virologists with an association with molecular plant pathology and ask them to nominate which plant viruses they would place in a 'top 10' based on scientific/economic importance. the survey generated more than 250 votes from the international community, and allowed the gen ...201122017770
development of transgenic watermelon resistant to cucumber mosaic virus and watermelon mosaic virus by using a single chimeric transgene construct.watermelon, an important fruit crop worldwide, is prone to attack by several viruses that often results in destructive yield loss. to develop a transgenic watermelon resistant to multiple virus infection, a single chimeric transgene comprising a silencer dna from the partial n gene of watermelon silver mottle virus (wsmov) fused to the partial coat protein (cp) gene sequences of cucumber mosaic virus (cmv), cucumber green mottle mosaic virus (cgmmv) and watermelon mosaic virus (wmv) was construc ...201122203520
structural studies on antibody recognition and neutralization of viruses.the purpose of this brief review is to highlight how structural information can elucidate antibody recognition and neutralization of viruses. studies on human rhinovirus demonstrated that antibodies need not induce conformational changes for neutralization and that viruses do not conceal receptor-binding regions from immune recognition. ross river and sindbis virus complexes were an early example of using antibodies to demark receptor-binding regions. the structure of an antibody bound to mouse ...201121887208
electroporetic transfection of pepper protoplasts with plant potyviruses.potyviruses are a persistent threat to bell pepper (capsicum annuum l.) production worldwide. much effort has been expended to study the resistance response of pepper cultivars at whole plant levels but with only limited effort at the cellular level using protoplasts. a pepper protoplast isolation procedure is available but an inoculation procedure is needed that provides consistent and highly efficient infection. an electroporation-based procedure for inoculation of potyviruses was developed us ...201222100996
Cucumber mosaic virus suppressor 2b binds to AGO4-related small RNAs and impairs AGO4 activities.Cucumber mosaic virus suppressor 2b (CMV2b) is a nuclear viral suppressor that interferes with local and systemic silencing and inhibits AGO1 slicer activity. CMV2b-mediated transgene hypomethylation and its localization in Cajal bodies suggests a role of CMV2b in RNA-directed DNA methylation (RdDM). However, its direct involvement in RdDM, or its binding with small RNAs (sRNAs) in vivo is not yet established. Here, we show that CMV2b binds both microRNAs (miRNAs) and small interfering RNAs (siR ...201221880078
antiphytoviral activity of sesquiterpene-rich essential oils from four croatian teucrium species.the purpose of this study was to compare the essential oil profiles of four croatian teucrium species (lamiaceae), as determined by gc and gc/ms, with their antiphytoviral efficiency. a phytochemical analysis showed that t. polium, t. flavum, t. montanum and t. chamaedrys are characterized by similar essential oil compositions. the investigated oils are characterized by a high proportion of the sesquiterpene hydrocarbons β-caryophyllene (7.1-52.0%) and germacrene d (8.7-17.0%). other important c ...201121937971
identification a coat protein region of cucumber mosaic virus (cmv) essential for long-distance movement in cucumber.to characterise the long-distance movement determinant of cucumoviral coat proteins (cps), five mutants were engineered into the cmv cp bearing the corresponding tomato aspermy virus (tav) loops exposed on the surface of the virion. both viruses can move long-distance in nicotiana clevelandii, but only cmv can move long-distance in cucumber. investigation of the cmv chimeras identified three amino acids of the βb-βc loop that were essential for the cmv long-distance movement in cucumber. introdu ...201121927896
the n-terminal 12 amino acids of tomato aspermy virus 2b protein function in infection and recombination.the roles for various regions of the 2b protein in infection, hypervirulence and recombination were examined by introducing stop codons in a chimeric virus containing rna 1 from the cucumber mosaic virus (cmv strain q), rna 3 from the tomato aspermy virus (tav) and rna 2 of cmv with a 2b gene from tav. chimeric virus expressing the intact 2b protein induced severe symptoms in inoculated nicotiana clevelandii and nicotiana glutinosa and facilitated cmv-tav recombination, while chimeric viruses no ...201121880843
Cucumber mosaic virus: viral genes as virulence determinants.Taxonomic relationships: Cucumber mosaic virus (CMV) is the type species of the genus Cucumovirus in the family Bromoviridae, which also encompasses the Peanut stunt virus (PSV) and the Tomato aspermy virus (TAV). Nucleotide sequence similarity among these three cucumoviruses is 60%-65%. CMV strains are divided into three subgroups, IA, IB and II, based on the sequence of the 5' untranslated region of the genomic RNA 3. Overall nucleotide sequence similarity among CMV strains is approximately 70 ...201121980997
population genetics of cucumber mosaic virus infecting medicinal, aromatic and ornamental plants from northern italy.the genetic variation and evolution of cucumber mosaic virus (cmv) from aromatic, medicinal and ornamental plants in northern italy was studied by sequence analysis of the movement protein gene and comparison with equivalent sequences of isolates from other countries. comparison of nonsynonymous and synonymous substitutions suggested that 30% of amino acid sites were under negative selection and only one was under positive selection. phylogenetic, nucleotide diversity and genetic differentiation ...201222218965
cucumber mosaic virus and its 2b rna silencing suppressor modify plant-aphid interactions in tobacco.the cucumber mosaic virus (cmv) 2b protein not only inhibits anti-viral rna silencing but also quenches transcriptional responses of plant genes to jasmonic acid, a key signalling molecule in defence against insects. this suggested that it might affect interactions between infected plants and aphids, insects that transmit cmv. we found that infection of tobacco with a 2b gene deletion mutant (cmvδ2b) induced strong resistance to aphids (myzus persicae) while cmv infection fostered aphid survival ...201122355702
dynamics of nonpersistent aphid-borne viruses in lettuce crops covered with uv-absorbing nets.aphid-transmitted viruses frequently cause severe epidemics in lettuce grown under mediterranean climates. spatio-temporal dynamics of aphid-transmitted viruses and its vector were studied on lettuce (lactuca sativa l.) grown under tunnels covered by two types of nets: a commercial uv-absorbing net (bionet) and a standard net. a group of plants infected by cucumber mosaic virus (cmv, family bromoviridae, genus cucumovirus) and lettuce mosaic virus (lmv, family potyviridae, genus potyvirus) was t ...201122226944
biological and molecular characterization of two distinct tomato strains of cucumber mosaic virus based on complete rna-3 genome and subgroup specific diagnosis.cucumber mosaic virus (cmv) is one of the most important viral pathogen infecting several plant species in india. five isolates of cmv obtained from cucumber, muskmelon, tobacco and tomato from distinct geographical locations in india were analysed based on host-reactions and genome sequence. the majority of the isolates were very similar and only two isolates, tfr-in and tss-in showed distinct symptoms in tomato and high sequence diversity (77.8%) in coat protein (cp) gene. tfr-in was isolated ...201123637513
biological and molecular characterization of cucumber mosaic virus isolate causing shoestring disease of tomato in india which has closer affinity to european or east asian isolates of cmv.an isolate of cucumber mosaic virus (cmv) retrieved from tomato in india was characterized based on its transmission by sap inoculations, western blot immuno-assay and sequence analysis of rna3 and 2b genome. the rna3 genome was of 2,220 nucleotides (nt) which contained two orfs: movement protein of 852 nt translating 283 amino acids and coat protein of 657 nt translating 218 amino acids. the complete sequence of rna3 geneome (acc. ef153734) shared highest 98-99% identities with p1-1, tfn, and n ...201223730005
a cucumber mosaic virus based expression system for the production of porcine circovirus specific vaccines.potential porcine circovirus type 2 (pcv2) capsid protein epitopes, suitable for expression on the surface of cucumber mosaic virus (cmv) particles were determined by a thorough analysis of the predicted pcv capsid protein structure. the ab initio protein structure prediction was carried out with fold recognition and threading methods. the putative pcv epitopes were selected on the basis of pcv virion models and integrated into the plant virus coat protein, after amino acid position 131. the rec ...201223285149
arabidopsis pumilio protein apum5 suppresses cucumber mosaic virus infection via direct binding of viral rnas.posttranscriptional/translational regulation of gene expression is mediated by diverse rna binding proteins and plays an important role in development and defense processes. among the rna-binding proteins, the mammalian pumilio rna-binding family (puf) acts as posttranscriptional and translational repressors. an arabidopsis puf mutant, apum5-d, was isolated during a t-dna insertional mutant screen for mutants with reduced susceptibility to cucumber mosaic virus (cmv) infection. interestingly, cm ...201223269841
paenibacillus lentimorbus inoculation enhances tobacco growth and extenuates the virulence of cucumber mosaic virus.previous studies with paenibacillus lentimorbus b-30488" (hereafter referred as b-30488), a plant growth promoting rhizobacteria (pgpr) isolated from cow's milk, revealed its capabilities to improve plant quality under normal and stress conditions. present study investigates its potential as a biocontrol agent against an economically important virus, cucumber mosaic virus (cmv), in nicotiana tabacum cv. white burley plants and delineates the physical, biophysical, biochemical and molecular pertu ...201626934600
infection of host plants by cucumber mosaic virus increases the susceptibility of myzus persicae aphids to the parasitoid aphidius colemani.plant viruses can profoundly alter the phenotypes of their host plants, with potentially far-reaching implications for ecology. yet few studies have explored the indirect, host-mediated, effects of plant viruses on non-vector insects. we examined how infection of cucurbita pepo plants by cucumber mosaic virus (cmv) impacted the susceptibility of aphids (myzus persicae) to attack by the parasitoid wasp aphidius colemani. in semi-natural foraging assays, we observed higher rates of aphid parasitis ...201526043237
modulation of quorum sensing in acylhomoserine lactone-producing or -degrading tobacco plants leads to alteration of induced systemic resistance elicited by the rhizobacterium serratia marcescens 90-166.numerous root-associated bacteria (rhizobacteria) are known to elicit induced systemic resistance (isr) in plants. bacterial cell-density-dependent quorum sensing (qs) is thought to be important for isr. here, we investigated the role of qs in the isr elicited by the rhizobacterium, serratia marcescens strain 90-166, in tobacco. since s. marcescens 90-166 produces at least three qs signals, qs-mediated isr in strain 90-166 has been difficult to understand. therefore, we investigated the isr capa ...201325288945
role of arabidopsis pumilio rna binding protein 5 in virus infection.regulation of gene expression is mediated by diverse rna binding proteins which play important roles in development and defense processes. pumilio/fbf (puf) protein in mammals functions as a posttranscriptional/translational repressor by binding to the 3' utr regions of its target mrnas. previous study reported that apum5 provides protection against cmv infection by directly binding to cmv rnas in arabidopsis. cmv rnas contain putative pumilio-binding motifs and apum5 bound to the 3' utr and som ...201323511198
the folate precursor para-aminobenzoic acid elicits induced resistance against cucumber mosaic virus and xanthomonas axonopodis.the use of vitamins including vitamin b1, b2 and k3 for the induction of systemic acquired resistance (sar) to protect crops against plant pathogens has been evaluated previously. the use of vitamins is beneficial because it is cost effective and safe for the environment. the use of folate precursors, including ortho-aminobenzoic acid, to induce sar against a soft-rot pathogen in tobacco has been reported previously.201323471007
foliar application of the leaf-colonizing yeast pseudozyma churashimaensis elicits systemic defense of pepper against bacterial and viral pathogens.yeast associates with many plant parts including the phyllosphere, where it is subject to harsh environmental conditions. few studies have reported on biological control of foliar pathogens by yeast. here, we newly isolated leaf-colonizing yeasts from leaves of field-grown pepper plants in a major pepper production area of south korea. the yeast was isolated using semi-selective medium supplemented with rifampicin to inhibit bacterial growth and its disease control capacity against xanthomonas a ...201728071648
a trio of viral proteins tunes aphid-plant interactions in arabidopsis thaliana.virus-induced deterrence to aphid feeding is believed to promote plant virus transmission by encouraging migration of virus-bearing insects away from infected plants. we investigated the effects of infection by an aphid-transmitted virus, cucumber mosaic virus (cmv), on the interaction of arabidopsis thaliana, one of the natural hosts for cmv, with myzus persicae (common names: 'peach-potato aphid', 'green peach aphid').201324349433
induction of systemic resistance against cucumber mosaic virus in arabidopsis thaliana by trichoderma asperellum skt-1.trichoderma asperellum skt-1 is a microbial pesticide that is very effective against various diseases. our study was undertaken to evaluate t. asperellum skt-1 for induction of resistance against yellow strain of cucumber mosaic virus (cmv-y) in arabidopsis plants. disease severity was rated at 2 weeks post inoculation (wpi). cmv titre in arabidopsis leaves was determined by indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) at 2 wpi. our results demonstrated that among all arabidopsis plants tr ...201325288946
role of intron-mediated enhancement on accumulation of an arabidopsis nb-lrr class r-protein that confers resistance to cucumber mosaic virus.the accumulation of rcy1 protein, which is encoded by resistance to cmv(y) (rcy1), a cc-nb-lrr class r-gene, is tightly correlated with the strength of the resistance to a yellow strain of cucumber mosaic virus [cmv(y)] in arabidopsis thaliana. in order to enhance resistance to cmv by overexpression of rcy1, a. thaliana was transformed with intron-less rcy1 cdna construct under the control of strong camv35s promoter. remarkably, a relative amount of rcy1 protein accumulation in the transformants ...201424915153
apum5, encoding a pumilio rna binding protein, negatively regulates abiotic stress responsive gene expression.a mutant screening was carried out previously to look for new genes related to the cucumber mosaic virus infection response in arabidopsis. a pumilio rna binding protein-coding gene, arabidopsis pumilio rna binding protein 5 (apum5), was obtained from this screening.201424666827
expression of cucumber mosaic virus suppressor 2b alters fwa methylation and its sirna accumulation in arabidopsis thaliana.the cucumber mosaic virus (cmv) suppressor 2b co-localizes with ago4 in cytoplasmic and nuclear fractions of arabidopsis thaliana biochemical fractionation of a. thaliana cellular extracts revealed that 2b and ago4 coexist in multiple size exclusions. 2b transgenic a. thaliana exhibited an enhanced accumulation of 24nt sirnas from flowering wageningen (fwa) and other heterochromatic loci. these plants also exhibited hypo-methylation of an endogenous- as well as transgene-fwa promoter at non-cg s ...201627659688
isolation and characterization of pepper genes interacting with the cmv-p1 helicase domain.cucumber mosaic virus (cmv) is a destructive pathogen affecting capsicum annuum (pepper) production. the pepper cmr1 gene confers resistance to most cmv strains, but is overcome by cmv-p1 in a process dependent on the cmv-p1 rna1 helicase domain (p1 helicase). here, to identify host factors involved in cmv-p1 infection in pepper, a yeast two-hybrid library derived from a c. annuum 'bukang' cdna library was screened, producing a total of 76 potential clones interacting with the p1 helicase. beta- ...201626751216
response of an aspartic protease gene osap77 to fungal, bacterial and viral infections in rice.aspartic protease (aps) plays important roles in plant growth, development and biotic and abiotic stresses. we previously reported that the expression of a rice ap gene (osap77, os10g0537800) was induced by probenazole (pbz), a chemical inducer of disease resistance. in this study we examined some characteristics of this gene in response to fungal, bacterial and viral pathogens.201426055993
mutations in the capsid protein of brome mosaic virus affecting encapsidation eliminate vesicle induction in planta: implications for virus cell-to-cell spread.positive-strand rna viruses are known to rearrange the endomembrane network to make it more conducive for replication, maturation, or egress. our previous transmission electron microscopic (tem) analysis showed that ectopic expression of wild-type (wt) capsid protein (cp) of brome mosaic virus (bmv) has an intrinsic property of modifying the endoplasmic reticulum (er) to induce vesicles similar to those present in wt bmv infection. in this study, we evaluated the functional significance of cp-me ...201323741003
mapping viral functional domains for genetic diversity in plants.cucumber mosaic virus (cmv) comprises numerous isolates with various levels of in-host diversity. subgroup-distinctive features of the fny and ls strains provided us with a platform to genetically map the viral control elements for genetic variation in planta. we found that both rnas 1 and 2 controlled levels of genetic diversity, and further fine mapping revealed that the control elements of mutation frequency reside within the first 596 amino acids (aa) of rna 1. the 2a/2b overlapping region o ...201223115283
biology, etiology, and control of virus diseases of banana and plantain.banana and plantain (musa spp.), produced in 10.3 million ha in the tropics, are among the world's top 10 food crops. they are vegetatively propagated using suckers or tissue culture plants and grown almost as perennial plantations. these are prone to the accumulation of pests and pathogens, especially viruses which contribute to yield reduction and are also barriers to the international exchange of germplasm. the most economically important viruses of banana and plantain are banana bunchy top v ...201525591881
construction and quality analysis of transgenic rehmannia glutinosa containing tmv and cmv coat protein.plant viruses, especially tobacco mosaic virus (tmv) and cucumber mosaic virus (cmv) are serious threats to rehmannia glutinosa which is a "top grade" herb in china. in the present study, tmv- and cmv-resistant rehmannia glutinosa libosch. plants were constructed by transforming the protein (cp) genes of tmv and cmv into rehmannia glutinosa via a modified procedure of agrobacterium tumefaciens-mediated transformation. integration and expression of tmv cp and cmv cp transgenes in 2 lines, lba-1 a ...201627618888
an improved cucumber mosaic virus-based vector for efficient decoying of plant micrornas.we previously devised a cucumber mosaic virus (cmv)-based vector system carrying microrna target mimic sequences for analysis of microrna function in arabidopsis thaliana. we describe an improved version in which target mimic cloning is achieved by annealing two partly-overlapping complementary dna oligonucleotides for insertion into an infectious clone of cmv rna3 (ls strain) fused to the cauliflower mosaic virus-derived 35s promoter. ls-cmv variants carrying mimic sequences were generated by c ...201526278008
agrobacterium tumefaciens mediated transient expression of plant cell wall-degrading enzymes in detached sunflower leaves.for biofuel applications, synthetic endoglucanase e1 and xylanase (xyn10a) derived from acidothermus cellulolyticus were transiently expressed in detached whole sunflower (helianthus annuus l.) leaves using vacuum infiltration. three different expression systems were tested, including the constitutive camv 35s-driven, cmvar (cucumber mosaic virus advanced replicating), and trbo (tobacco mosaic virus rna-based overexpression vector) systems. for 6-day leaf incubations, codon-optimized e1 and xyla ...201425180328
a procedure for the transient expression of genes by agroinfiltration above the permissive threshold to study temperature-sensitive processes in plant-pathogen interactions.localized expression of genes in plants from t-dnas delivered into plant cells by agrobacterium tumefaciens is an important tool in plant research. the technique, known as agroinfiltration, provides fast, efficient ways to transiently express or silence a desired gene without resorting to the time-consuming, challenging stable transformation of the host, the use of less efficient means of delivery, such as bombardment, or the use of viral vectors, which multiply and spread within the host causin ...201424581046
production of virus resistant and insect tolerant transgenic tobacco plants.the cucumber mosaic virus coat protein (cmv-cp) gene and a modified bacillus thuringiensis δ-endotoxin (bt toxin) gene were cloned into plant expression vector pe3. tobacco (nicotiana tabacum cv. g28) leaf discs were transformed with agrobacterium tumefaciens a12 carrying recombinant pe14. transgenic r0 and r1 tobacco plants expressing cmv-cp and bt toxin genes were protected from cmv infection as well as feeding damage of manduca sexta (tobacco hornworm) larvae. these results demonstrate that i ...199424192882
cucumber mosaic virus-tolerant transgenic tomato plants expressing a satellite rna.a satellite rna (t73-satrna) gave reduced symptom severity on tomato plants when coinoculated with an ordinary strain of cucumber mosaic virus (cmvo). cdna for t73-satrna was introduced into a binary vector (ptok162) through a homologous recombination in an agrobacterium tumefaciens cell, and then transferred to leaf disks of tomato. stable integration and transcription of the cdna in the regenerants were verified by southern and northern blot hybridizations, respectively. upon inoculation with ...199224202740
plant-based vaccines: novel and low-cost possible route for mediterranean innovative vaccination strategies.a plant bioreactor has enormous capability as a system that supports many biological activities, that is, production of plant bodies, virus-like particles (vlps), and vaccines. foreign gene expression is an efficient mechanism for getting protein vaccines against different human viral and nonviral diseases. plants make it easy to deal with safe, inexpensive, and provide trouble-free storage. the broad spectrum of safe gene promoters is being used to avoid risk assessments. engineered virus-based ...201424751193
resistance breaking tomato spotted wilt virus isolates on resistant pepper varieties in italy.in spring 2012, resistance breaking (rb) isolates of tomato spotted wilt virus (tswv) that overcome the resistance conferred by the tsw gene in different pepper hybrids have been recovered in different locations in southern italy (campania and apulia regions) in protected cultivation, about one month after transplant. the percentage of symptomatic plants was 5-10% and, only in particular cases of advanced stage of cultivation, it reached 30-50% at the end of cycle. all tswv isolates induced simi ...201325151838
systemic transport of alfalfa mosaic virus can be mediated by the movement proteins of several viruses assigned to five genera of the 30k family.we previously showed that the movement protein (mp) gene of alfalfa mosaic virus (amv) is functionally exchangeable for the cell-to-cell transport of the corresponding genes of tobacco mosaic virus (tmv), brome mosaic virus, prunus necrotic ringspot virus, cucumber mosaic virus and cowpea mosaic virus. we have analysed the capacity of the heterologous mps to systemically transport the corresponding chimeric amv genome. all mps were competent in systemic transport but required the fusion at their ...201323136366
virus diseases of peas, beans, and faba bean in the mediterranean region.in the mediterranean region, pea, bean, and faba bean production is affected by around 17 major viruses. these viruses do not have the same ecology and consequently require a variety of different preventive measures to control them. some of these viruses have a narrow host range, such as faba bean necrotic yellows virus (fbnyv), and others, such as alfalfa mosaic virus (amv) and cucumber mosaic virus (cmv), a very wide host range. such features are important when identifying sources of virus ino ...201222682174
field evaluation of the bacterial volatile derivative 3-pentanol in priming for induced resistance in pepper.plants are defended from attack by emission of volatile organic compounds (vocs) that can act directly against pathogens and herbivores or indirectly by recruiting natural enemies of herbivores. however, microbial voc have been less investigated as potential triggers of plant systemic defense responses against pathogens in the field. bacillus amyloliquefaciens strain in937a, a plant growth-promoting rhizobacterium that colonizes plant tissues, stimulates induced systemic resistance (isr) via its ...201425149655
the abscisic acid pathway has multifaceted effects on the accumulation of bamboo mosaic virus.accepted 29 october 2013. abscisic acid (aba) plays a key role in modulating plant responses to different biotic and abiotic stresses. however, the effect of aba on virus infection is not fully understood. here, we describe the effects of the aba pathway on the accumulation of bamboo mosaic virus (bamv) and cucumber mosaic virus (cmv) in two different hosts: arabidopsis thaliana and nicotiana benthamiana. we report that aba2 plays a critical role in the accumulation of bamv and cmv. mutants down ...201424224533
ser/thr kinase-like protein of nicotiana benthamiana is involved in the cell-to-cell movement of bamboo mosaic virus.to investigate the plant genes affected by bamboo mosaic virus (bamv) infection, we applied a cdna-amplified fragment length polymorphism technique to screen genes with differential expression. a serine/threonine kinase-like (nbstkl) gene of nicotiana benthamiana is upregulated after bamv infection. nbstkl contains the homologous domain of ser/thr kinase. knocking down the expression of nbstkl by virus-induced gene silencing reduced the accumulation of bamv in the inoculated leaves but not in th ...201323646157
hsp90 interacts specifically with viral rna and differentially regulates replication initiation of bamboo mosaic virus and associated satellite rna.host factors play crucial roles in the replication of plus-strand rna viruses. in this report, a heat shock protein 90 homologue of nicotiana benthamiana, nbhsp90, was identified in association with partially purified replicase complexes from bamv-infected tissue, and shown to specifically interact with the 3' untranslated region (3' utr) of bamv genomic rna, but not with the 3' utr of bamv-associated satellite rna (satbamv rna) or that of genomic rna of other viruses, such as potato virus x (pv ...201222654666
thermotherapy, chemotherapy, and meristem culture in banana.bananas that provide a staple food to the millions of people are adversely affected by several viruses such as banana bunchy top virus (bbtv), banana streak virus (bsv), and cucumber mosaic virus (cmv). these viruses are known to have a devastating effect on crop production and constraint to the international exchange and conservation of banana germplasm-a cornerstone for breeding new cultivars. the viruses are particularly problematic in vegetative propagated crops, like bananas, because of the ...201323179717
histochemical visualization of ros and antioxidant response to viral infections of vegetable crops grown in azerbaijan.extremes of environmental conditions, such as biotic stresses, strongly affect plant growth and development and may adversely affect photosynthetic process. virus infection is especially problematic in crops, because unlike other diseases, its impact cannot be reduced by phytosanitary treatments. the vegetable crops (solanum lycopеrsicum l, cucurbita melo l., cucumis sativus l., piper longum l., solánum melongéna l., vicia faba l.) showing virus-like symptoms were collected from fields located i ...201424661407
preventive and curative effects of apple latent spherical virus vectors harboring part of the target virus genome against potyvirus and cucumovirus infections.apple latent spherical virus (alsv)-based vectors experimentally infect a broad range of plant species without causing symptoms and can effectively induce stable virus-induced gene silencing in plants. here, we show that pre-infection of alsv vectors harboring part of a target viral genome (we called alsv vector vaccines here) inhibits the multiplication and spread of the corresponding challenge viruses [bean yellow mosaic virus, zucchini yellow mosaic virus (zymv), and cucumber mosaic virus (cm ...201324074595
the cysteine-rich proteins of beet necrotic yellow vein virus and tobacco rattle virus contribute to efficient suppression of silencing in roots.many plant viruses encode proteins that suppress rna silencing, but little is known about the activity of silencing suppressors in roots. this study examined differences in the silencing suppression activity of different viruses in leaves and roots of nicotiana benthamiana plants. infection by tobacco mosaic virus, potato virus y and cucumber mosaic virus but not potato virus x (pvx) resulted in strong silencing suppression activity of a transgene in both leaves and roots, whereas infection by b ...201222647371
beet necrotic yellow vein virus subgenomic rna3 is a cleavage product leading to stable non-coding rna required for long-distance movement.beet necrotic yellow vein virus (bnyvv) is a multipartite rna virus. bnyvv rna3 does not accumulate in non-host transgenic arabidopsis thaliana plants when expressed using a 35s promoter. however, a 3'-derivative species has been detected in transgenic plants and in transient expression assays conducted in nicotiana benthamiana and beta macrocarpa. the 3'-derivative species is similar to the previously reported subgenomic rna3 produced during virus infection. 5' race revealed that the truncated ...201222258860
high prevalence of poleroviruses in field-grown pepper in turkey and tunisia.open-field pepper crops were sampled in 2011 in turkey and tunisia and surveyed for the major pepper-infecting viruses. as expected, potato virus y and cucumber mosaic virus (in both countries), and tobacco etch virus (in turkey only) were quite frequent. however, poleroviruses were the most common viruses, with prevalences above 70 %. partial sequence analyses revealed the occurrence of poleroviruses resembling either beet western yellows virus (bwyv) or pepper vein yellows virus in the sampled ...201323183831
lrabcf1, a gcn-type atp-binding cassette transporter from lilium regale, is involved in defense responses against viral and fungal pathogens.the l. regale atp-binding cassette transporter gene, lrabcf1 belonging to gcn subfamily, functions as a positive regulator of plant defense against cucumber mosaic virus, tobacco rattle virus , and botrytis cinerea in petunia. atp-binding cassette (abc) transporters are essential for membrane translocation in diverse biological processes, such as plant development and defense response. here, a general control non-derepressible (gcn)-type abc transporter gene, designated lrabcf1, was identified f ...201627485641
induction of plant virus defense response by brassinosteroids and brassinosteroid signaling in arabidopsis thaliana.our study demonstrated that cmv resistance was upregulated by brassinosteroids (brs) treatment, and br signaling was needed for this brs-induced cmv tolerance. plant steroid hormones, brassinosteroids (brs), play essential roles in variety of plant developmental processes and adaptation to various biotic and abiotic stresses. br signal through plasma membrane-localized receptor and other components to modulate several transcription factors that modulate thousands of target genes including certai ...201525522794
ecogenomic survey of plant viruses infecting tobacco by next generation sequencing.the invasion of plant by viruses cause major damage to plants and reduces crop yield and integrity. devastating plant virus infection has been experienced at different times all over the world, which are attributed to different events of mutation, re-assortment and recombination occurring in the viruses. strategies for proper virus management has been mostly limited to eradicating the vectors that spreads the plant viruses. however, development of prompt and effective diagnostic methods are requ ...201627814723
genetic compositions of broad bean wilt virus 2 infecting red pepper in korea.the incidence of broad bean wilt virus 2 (bbwv2) on red pepper was investigated using the samples obtained from 24 areas of 8 provinces in korea. two hundred and five samples (79%) out of 260 collected samples were found to be infected with bbwv2. while the single infection rate of bbwv2 was 21.5%, the co-infection rate of bbwv2 with cucumber mosaic virus, pepper mottle virus, pepper mild mottle virus and/or potato virus y was 78.5%. to characterize the genetic diversity of bbwv2 korean isolates ...201325288954
a foxtail mosaic virus vector for virus-induced gene silencing in maize.plant viruses have been widely used as vectors for foreign gene expression and virus-induced gene silencing (vigs). a limited number of viruses have been developed into viral vectors for the purposes of gene expression or vigs in monocotyledonous plants, and among these, the tripartite viruses brome mosaic virus and cucumber mosaic virus have been shown to induce vigs in maize (zea mays). we describe here a new dna-based vigs system derived from foxtail mosaic virus (fomv), a monopartite virus t ...201627208311
overexpression and self-assembly of virus-like particles in nicotiana benthamiana by a single-vector dna replicon system.based on recent developments, virus-like particles (vlps) are considered to be perfect candidates as nanoplatforms for applications in materials science and medicine. to succeed, mass production of vlps and self-assembly into a correct form in plant systems are key factors. here, we report expression of synthesized coat proteins of the three viruses, brome mosaic virus, cucumber mosaic virus, and maize rayado fino virus, in nicotiana benthamiana and production of self-assembled vlps by transient ...201424965559
a novel set of polyvalent primers that detect members of the genera bromovirus and cucumovirus.rapid detection and diagnosis of plant virus infection is one of the most important steps in preventing damages caused by viral diseases. bromoviruses and cucumoviruses belong to the family bromoviridae, which is one of the most important families of plant viruses, and infect a broad range of host plants including various economically important crops. in this study, an rt-pcr assay was developed for the universal detection of bromoviruses and cucumoviruses using a set of primers designed to targ ...201424717165
guanylylation-competent replication proteins of tomato mosaic virus are disulfide-linked.the 130-kda and 180-kda replication proteins of tomato mosaic virus (tomv) covalently bind guanylate and transfer it to the 5' end of rna to form a cap. we found that guanylylation-competent tomv replication proteins are in membrane-bound, disulfide-linked complexes. guanylylation-competent replication proteins of brome mosaic virus and cucumber mosaic virus behaved similarly. to investigate the roles of disulfide bonding in the functioning of tomv replication proteins, each of the 19 cysteine r ...201223062762
migration of plant viruses: time correlations with the agriculture history and human immigration.in this review, i made the phylodynamic comparisons of three plant viruses, turnip mosaic virus (tumv), cauliflower mosaic virus (camv) and cucumber mosaic virus (cmv), using the genomic sequences of a large numbers of isolates collected worldwide. we analyzed these genomic nucleotide sequences, in combination with published sequences, to estimate the timescale and rate of evolution of the individual genes of tumv, camv and cmv. the main hosts of the viruses are brassicaceae crops. we also compa ...201527760921
molecular and biological characterization of an isolate of cucumber mosaic virus from glycine soja by generating its infectious full-genome cdna clones.molecular and biological characteristics of an isolate of cucumber mosaic virus (cmv) from glycine soja (wild soybean), named as cmv-209, was examined in this study. comparison of nucleotide sequences and phylogenetic analyses of cmv-209 with the other cmv strains revealed that cmv-209 belonged to cmv subgroup i. however, cmv-209 showed some genetic distance from the cmv strains assigned to subgroup ia or subgroup ib. infectious full-genome cdna clones of cmv-209 were generated under the control ...201425288998
fate of artificial microrna-mediated resistance to plant viruses in mixed infections.artificial micrornas (amirnas) are the expression products of engineered microrna (mirna) genes that efficiently and specifically downregulate rnas that contain complementary sequences. transgenic plants expressing high levels of one or more amirnas targeting particular sequences in the genomes of some rna viruses have shown specific resistance to the corresponding virus. this is the case of the arabidopsis thaliana transgenic line 12-4 expressing a high level of the amir159-hc-pro targeting 21 ...201323617337
enhancement of rna-directed dna methylation of a transgene by simultaneously downregulating a ros1 ortholog using a virus vector in nicotiana benthamiana.cytosine methylation can be induced by double-stranded rnas through the rna-directed dna methylation (rddm) pathway. a dna glycosylase repressor of silencing 1 (ros1) participates in dna demethylation in arabidopsis and may possibly counteract rddm. here, we isolated an ortholog of ros1 (nbros1) from nicotiana benthamiana and examined the antagonistic activity of nbros1 against virus-induced rddm by simultaneously inducing rddm and nbros1 knockdown using a vector based on cucumber mosaic virus. ...201323565118
anti-sense rnas of cucumber mosaic virus in transgenic plants assessed for control of the virus.three synthetic genes for the production of anti-sense rna to different regions of the cucumber mosaic virus (cmv) genome were constructed using virus-derived double-stranded cdna coupled to a promoter sequence from cauliflower mosaic virus. the genes were used to transform tobacco plants by a ti plasmid vector. transgenic plants obtained with the three constructs produced anti-sense rna at different levels. plants expressing each of the three anti-sense rnas were inoculated with cmv and their s ...198824272403
bnsgs3 has differential effects on the accumulation of cmv, ormv and tumv in oilseed rape.virus diseases greatly affect oilseed rape (brassica napus) production. investigating antiviral genes may lead to the development of disease-resistant varieties of oilseed rape. in this study, we examined the effects of the suppressor of gene silencing 3 in brassica napus (bnsgs3, a putative antiviral gene) with different genus viruses by constructing bnsgs3-overexpressing (bnsgs3-ov) and bnsgs3-silenced (bnsgs3-si) oilseed rape (cv. zhongshuang no. 6) plants. these three viruses are oilseed rap ...201526225990
a multiplex rt-pcr for simultaneous detection and identification of five viruses and two viroids infecting chrysanthemum.pathogens causing significant economic losses in chrysanthemum include tomato aspermy virus (tav), chrysanthemum virus b (cvb), cucumber mosaic virus (cmv), tobacco mosaic virus (tmv), potato virus y (pvy), chrysanthemum stunt viroid (csvd) and chrysanthemum chlorotic mottle viroid (cchmvd). a multiplex reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (rt-pcr) method, using specific primer sets for each virus or viroid, was developed for simultaneous detection and differentiation of tav, cvb, cmv ...201525698104
heterologous expression of viral suppressors of rna silencing complements virulence of the hc-pro mutant of clover yellow vein virus in pea.many plant viruses encode suppressors of rna silencing, including the helper component-proteinase (hc-pro) of potyviruses. our previous studies showed that a d-to-y mutation at amino acid position 193 in hc-pro (hc-pro-d193y) drastically attenuated the virulence of clover yellow vein virus (clyvv) in legume plants. furthermore, rna-silencing suppression (rss) activity of hc-pro-d193y was significantly reduced in nicotiana benthamiana. here, we examine the effect of expression of heterologous sup ...201222398917
design, synthesis, antiviral bioactivity, and 3d-qsar study of novel ferulic acid ester derivatives containing quinazoline moiety.ferulic acid and quinazoline derivatives possess good antiviral activities. in order to develop novel compounds with high antiviral activities, a series of ferulic acid ester derivatives containing quinazoline were synthesized and evaluated for their antiviral activities.201728349672
characterization of sirnas derived from cucumber mosaic virus in infected tobacco plants.this study characterized the viral small interfering rnas (vsirnas) from nicotiana tabacum cv. samsun infected with a cucumber mosaic virus (cmv) 2b-deficient mutant. most vsirnas were 21 -22 nucleotides in length and the 5'-terminal ends were dominated by a and u, respectively. the observed vsirnas were heterogeneously distributed throughout the cmv genome; however, most of the vsirnas were derived from sense strands, as opposed to antisense strands. these results demonstrate the conserved and ...201728349357
the effects of surface structure mutations in arabidopsis thaliana on the polarization of reflections from virus-infected leaves.the way in which light is polarized when reflected from leaves can be affected by infection with plant viruses. this has the potential to influence viral transmission by insect vectors due to altered visual attractiveness of infected plants. the optical and topological properties of cuticular waxes and trichomes are important determinants of how light is polarized upon reflection. changes in expression of genes involved in the formation of surface structures have also been reported following vir ...201728346494
the cuticle protein gene mpcp4 of myzus persicae (homoptera: aphididae) plays a critical role in cucumber mosaic virus acquisition.myzus persicae (sulzer) (homoptera: aphididae) is one of the most important agricultural pests worldwide. in addition to sucking phloem sap, m. persicae also transmits cucumber mosaic virus (cmv) as a vector in a nonpersistent manner. at present, the infection mechanism remains unclear, especially the process of aphid virus acquisition. in this study, we isolated four m. persicae cuticle protein genes (mpcp1, mpcp2, mpcp4, and mpcp5) from m. persicae. the relative amount of the gene encoding cuc ...201728334092
genetic diversity, distant phylogenetic relationships and the occurrence of recombination events among cucumber mosaic virus isolates from zucchini in poland.in recent years, the occurrence of cucumber mosaic virus (cmv) has been noted in zucchini crops in poland. beside characteristic isolates, which displayed mosaics and chlorosis on infected plants, new necrotic isolates have also been identified. here, we analysed the molecular variability of 27 isolates of cmv collected from zucchini in various regions of the country. sequence and phylogenetic analysis based on the genes encoding the coat (cp) and movement (mp) proteins revealed that the polish ...201728238107
virus surveys of capsicum spp. in the republic of benin reveal the prevalence of pepper vein yellows virus and the identification of a previously uncharacterised polerovirus species.surveys were conducted in 2014 and 2015 in southern and northern benin, respectively, to identify the viruses infecting peppers (capsicum spp.). the samples were screened by elisa for cucumber mosaic virus (cmv), pepper veinal mottle virus (pvmv), potato virus y (pvy) and tomato yellow leaf curl virus (tylcv). a generic reverse transcription pcr (rt-pcr) was used to test for the presence of poleroviruses. elisa tests confirmed the prevalence of all viruses, while the rt-pcr detected pepper vein ...201728220324
prosystemin overexpression induces transcriptional modifications of defense-related and receptor-like kinase genes and reduces the susceptibility to cucumber mosaic virus and its satellite rnas in transgenic tomato plants.systemin is a plant signal peptide hormone involved in the responses to wounding and insect damage in the solanaceae family. it works in the same signaling pathway of jasmonic acid (ja) and enhances the expression of proteinase inhibitors. with the aim of studying a role for systemin in plant antiviral responses, a tomato (solanum lycopersicum) transgenic line overexpressing the prosystemin cdna, i.e. the systemin precursor, was inoculated with cucumber mosaic virus (cmv) strain fny supporting e ...201728182745
new korean isolates of pepper mild mottle virus (pmmov) differ in symptom severity and subcellular localization of the 126 kda protein.two isolates of pepper mild mottle virus (pmmov) were selected from a nationwide survey of pepper fields in south korea in 2014 and 2015, in which cucumber mosaic virus was also detected; the two pmmov isolates, sangcheong 47 (s-47, kx399390) and jeongsong 76 (j-76, kx399389), share ~99% nucleotide and amino acid identity and are closely related to japanese and chinese isolates at the nucleotide level. amino acid sequence comparisons revealed 99.73, 99.81, 98.44, and 100% identity in the orf1, o ...201728176159
corrigendum: enhancement of rna-directed dna methylation of a transgene by simultaneously downregulating a ros1 ortholog using a virus vector in nicotiana benthamiana.[this corrects the article on p. 44 in vol. 4, pmid: 23565118.].201728167955
2b or not 2b: experimental evolution of functional exogenous sequences in a plant rna virus.horizontal gene transfer (hgt) is pervasive in viruses and thought to be a key mechanism in their evolution. on the other hand, strong selective constraints against increasing genome size are an impediment for hgt, rapidly purging horizontally transferred sequences and thereby potentially hindering evolutionary innovation. here, we explore experimentally the evolutionary fate of viruses with simulated hgt events, using the plant rna virus tobacco etch virus (tev), by separately introducing two f ...201728137747
Displaying items 801 - 900 of 1095