| indirect costs of a nontarget pathogen mitigate the direct benefits of a virus-resistant transgene in wild cucurbita. | virus-resistant transgenic squash are grown throughout the united states and much of mexico and it is likely that the virus-resistant transgene (vrt) has been introduced to wild populations repeatedly. the evolutionary fate of any resistance gene in wild populations and its environmental impacts depend upon trade-offs between the costs and benefits of the resistance gene. in a 3-year field study using a wild gourd and transgenic and nontransgenic introgressives, we measured the effects of the tr ... | 2009 | 19858473 |
| discriminating mutations of hc-pro of zucchini yellow mosaic virus with differential effects on small rna pathways involved in viral pathogenicity and symptom development. | helper component-proteinase (hc-pro), the gene-silencing suppressor of potyvirus spp., interferes with microrna (mirna) and short-interfering rna (sirna) pathways. our previous studies showed that three mutations of highly conserved amino acids of hc-pro, r(180)i (mutation a), f(205)l (b), and e(396)n (c), of zucchini yellow mosaic virus (zymv) affect symptom severity and viral pathogenicity. the mutant zymv gac (zgac) with double mutations, r(180)i/e(396)n, induces transient leaf mottling in ho ... | 2010 | 19958135 |
| toward a quarter century of pathogen-derived resistance and practical approaches to plant virus disease control. | the concept of pathogen-derived resistance (pdr) describes the use of genetic elements from a pathogen's own genome to confer resistance in an otherwise susceptible host via genetic engineering [j. theor. biol. 113 (1985) 395]. illustrated with the bacteriophage qbeta in escherichia coli, this strategy was conceived as a broadly applicable approach to engineer resistance against pathogens. for plant viruses, the concept of pdr was validated with the creation of tobacco plants expressing the coat ... | 2010 | 20109666 |
| the entry of cucumber mosaic virus into cucumber xylem is facilitated by co-infection with zucchini yellow mosaic virus. | we investigated the synergistic effects of co-infection by zucchini yellow mosaic virus (zymv) and cucumber mosaic virus (cmv) on viral distribution in the vascular tissues of cucumber. immunohistochemical observations indicated that zymv was present in both the phloem and xylem tissues. zymv-rna was detected in both the xylem wash and guttation fluid of zymv-inoculated cucumber. steam treatment at a stem internode indicated that zymv enters the xylem vessels and moves through them but does not ... | 2016 | 27400992 |
| differential life history trait associations of aphids with nonpersistent viruses in cucurbits. | the diversity of vectors and fleeting nature of virus acquisition and transmission renders nonpersistent viruses a challenge to manage. we assessed the importance of noncolonizing versus colonizing vectors with a 2-yr survey of aphids and nonpersistent viruses on commercial pumpkin farms. we quantified aphid alightment using pan traps, while testing leaf samples with multiplex rt-pcr targeting cucumber mosaic virus (cmv), zucchini yellow mosaic virus (zymv), watermelon mosaic virus (wmv), and pa ... | 2015 | 26313961 |
| antiviral activity of thuja orientalis extracts against watermelon mosaic virus (wmv) on citrullus lanatus. | watermelon mosaic potyvirus (wmv) is considered as an important virus infecting watermelon and causing adverse effects on crop productivity. to overcome this problem one of the main objectives of plant breeders is to make these strains less effective in the ability to infect plants by treatment with plant extracts. due to the advantages of plant tissue culture, in vitro, in the process of the selection of different cultivars under biotic stress, this study was conducted to achieve this aim by ev ... | 2015 | 25737655 |
| a novel natural mutation in hc-pro responsible for mild symptomatology of zucchini yellow mosaic virus (zymv, potyvirus) in cucurbits. | a natural mild isolate of zucchini yellow mosaic virus was found to contain a mutation in the helper component (hc-pro) within a conserved motif, "cdnqld", located 12 residues downstream from the "frnk" motif involved in symptom severity. introducing the mutation in an infectious cdna clone of zymv resulted in an almost complete absence of symptoms, although viral accumulation was only partially reduced. the frnk(x)(12)cdnqld sequence might be part of a larger motif that is conserved in potyviru ... | 2010 | 20112122 |
| presentation of epitope sequences from foreign viruses on the surface of apple latent spherical virus particles. | apple latent spherical virus (alsv) has small isometric particles that are comprised of two single-stranded rna species (rna1 and rna2) and three capsid proteins (vp25, vp20, and vp24). we constructed alsv vectors for presenting foreign peptides on the surface of virus particles. in these vectors, peptides can be fused to either of two c-terminal regions of vp20 (amino acid positions between g171 and p172 or between p172 and l173) or the c-terminus (t192) of vp24. an alsv vector presenting the e ... | 2014 | 25058477 |
| zucchini yellow mosaic virus: insect transmission and pathogenicity -the tails of two proteins. | summary taxonomy: zucchini yellow mosaic virus (zymv) is a member of genus potyvirus, family potyviridae. zymv is a positive-strand rna virus. physical properties: virions are flexuous filaments of 680-730 nm in length and 11-13 nm in diameter, composed of about 2000 subunits of a single 31-kda protein (calculated). the genome rna size is 9.6 kb covalently linked to a viral-encoded protein (the vpg) at the 5' end, and with a 3' poly a tail. the 5' end of the sequence is au-rich (69%). viral prot ... | 2007 | 20507486 |
| the helper-component protease transmission factor of tobacco etch potyvirus binds specifically to an aphid ribosomal protein homologous to the laminin receptor precursor. | potyviruses are plant pathogens transmitted by aphids in a non-persistent manner. during transmission, the virus-encoded factor helper-component protease (hcpro) is presumed to act as a molecular bridge, mediating the reversible retention of virions to uncharacterized binding sites in the vector mouthparts. whilst the predicted interaction between hcpro and the coat protein (cp) of virions has been confirmed experimentally, the characterization of putative hcpro-specific receptors in aphids has ... | 2010 | 20631085 |
| expression, purification and functional characterization of recombinant zucchini yellow mosaic virus hc-pro. | hc-pro is a helper component-proteinase which acts as a multifunctional protein in the potyviral life cycle. apart from its proteolytic activity, hc-pro has the capacity to bind duplex small rnas (srnas). to investigate hc-pro-mediated srna binding in vitro, high amounts of purified protein are required. for this purpose, the zucchini yellow mosaic virus (zymv) hc-pro was expressed as a fusion with hexa-histidine (6xhis) or maltose-binding protein (mbp) in escherichia coli. the expressed fusion ... | 2011 | 20674747 |
| generation of transgenic watermelon resistant to zucchini yellow mosaic virus and papaya ringspot virus type w. | zucchini yellow mosaic virus (zymv) and papaya ringspot virus type w (prsv w) are major limiting factors for production of watermelon worldwide. for the effective control of these two viruses by transgenic resistance, an untranslatable chimeric construct containing truncated zymv coat protein (cp) and prsv w cp genes was transferred to commercial watermelon cultivars by agrobacterium-mediated transformation. using our protocol, a total of 27 putative transgenic lines were obtained from three cul ... | 2010 | 21079966 |
| rapid turnover of intra-host genetic diversity in zucchini yellow mosaic virus. | genetic diversity in rna viruses is shaped by a variety of evolutionary processes, including the bottlenecks that may occur at inter-host transmission. however, how these processes structure genetic variation at the scale of individual hosts is only partly understood. we obtained intra-host sequence data for the coat protein (cp) gene of zucchini yellow mosaic virus (zymv) from two horizontally transmitted populations - one via aphid, the other without - and with multiple samples from individual ... | 2010 | 21138748 |
| genes for resistance to zucchini yellow mosaic in tropical pumpkin. | four cultigens of cucurbita moschata resistant to zucchini yellow mosaic virus were crossed with the susceptible 'waltham butternut' and with each other in order to clarify the mode of inheritance of resistance and relationships among the genes involved. five loci were segregating, with genes for resistance zym-0 and zym-4 carried by 'nigerian local' and one of them also carried by 'nicklow's delight,' zym-1 carried by 'menina,' and zym-6 carried by 'soler.' a recessive gene carried by 'waltham ... | 2011 | 21493595 |
| infectious clones of tomato leaf curl palampur virus with a defective dna b and their pseudo-recombination with tomato leaf curl new delhi virus. | abstract: background: tomato leaf curl palampur virus (tolcpmv) is a bipartite begomovirus which has been reported from india and iran but infectious clones have not been obtained. we have previously shown the association of zucchini yellow mosaic virus (zymv), a potyvirus, with severe leaf curl disease of muskmelon in pakistan. however, the severity of symptoms in the field and yield losses led us to believe that some other agent, such as a begomovirus, could be associated with the disease. res ... | 2011 | 21496256 |
| minimising losses caused by zucchini yellow mosaic virus in vegetable cucurbit crops in tropical, sub-tropical and mediterranean environments through cultural methods and host resistance. | between 2006 and 2009, 10 field experiments were done at kununurra, carnarvon or medina in western australia (wa) which have tropical, sub-tropical and mediterranean climates, respectively. these experiments investigated the effectiveness of cultural control measures in limiting zymv spread in pumpkin, and single-gene resistance in commercial cultivars of pumpkin, zucchini and cucumber. melon aphids (aphis gossypii) colonised field experiments at kununurra; migrant green peach aphids (myzus pers ... | 2011 | 21549770 |
| the hc-pro of the zucchini yellow mosaic virus (zymv) inhibits hen1 methytransferase activity in vitro. | the helper component-proteinase (hc-pro) is a multifunctional protein found among potyviruses. with respect to its silencing suppressor function, small rna binding appears to be the major activity of hc-pro. hc-pro could also exhibit other suppress activities. hc-pro may inhibit the hen1 (hua enhancer 1) activity. there is indirect evidence showing that either transient or stable expression of hc-pro in plants results in an increase of non methylated small rnas. here we demonstrated that recombi ... | 2011 | 21593273 |
| a high level of transgenic viral small rna is associated with broad potyvirus resistance in cucurbits. | gene-silencing has been used to develop resistance against many plant viruses but little is known about the transgenic small-interfering rna (t-sirna) that confers this resistance. transgenic cucumber and melon lines harboring a hairpin construct of the zucchini yellow mosaic potyvirus (zymv) hc-pro gene accumulated different levels of t-sirna (6 to 44% of total sirna) and exhibited resistance to systemic zymv infection. resistance to watermelon mosaic potyvirus and papaya ring spot potyvirus-w ... | 2011 | 21899438 |
| yellowing disease in zucchini squash produced by mixed infections of cucurbit yellow stunting disorder virus and cucumber vein yellowing virus. | zucchini squash is host to cucurbit yellow stunting disorder virus (cysdv), a member of the genus crinivirus, and cucumber vein yellowing virus (cvyv), a member of the genus ipomovirus, both transmitted by the whitefly bemisia tabaci. field observations suggest the appearance of new symptoms observed on leaves of zucchini squash crops when both viruses were present. when infected during controlled experiments with cysdv only, zucchini plants showed no obvious symptoms and the virus titer decreas ... | 2011 | 21999160 |
| zucchini yellow mosaic virus: biological properties, detection procedures and comparison of coat protein gene sequences. | between 2006 and 2010, 5324 samples from at least 34 weed, two cultivated legume and 11 native species were collected from three cucurbit-growing areas in tropical or subtropical western australia. two new alternative hosts of zucchini yellow mosaic virus (zymv) were identified, the australian native cucurbit cucumis maderaspatanus, and the naturalised legume species rhyncosia minima. low-level (0.7%) seed transmission of zymv was found in seedlings grown from seed collected from zucchini (cucur ... | 2011 | 21935626 |
| analysis of the autoproteolytic activity of the recombinant helper component proteinase from zucchini yellow mosaic virus. | the multifunctional helper component proteinase (hc-pro) of potyviruses contains an autoproteolytic function that, together with the protein 1 (p1) and nia proteinase, processes the polyprotein into mature proteins. in this study, we analysed the autoproteolytic active domain of zucchini yellow mosaic virus (zymv) hc-pro. several escherichia coli-expressed mbp:hc-pro:gfp mutants containing deletions or point mutations at either the n- or c-terminus of the hc-pro protein were examined. our result ... | 2011 | 21871010 |
| prokaryotic expression of cp gene of fritillary virus y infecting thunberg fritillary and antiserum preparation. | to prepare antiserum against fritillary virus y (fvy) cp for detecting fvy and study serological relationships with other viruses. | 2011 | 22372135 |
| next-generation sequencing and genome editing in plant virology. | next-generation sequencing (ngs) has been applied to plant virology since 2009. ngs provides highly efficient, rapid, low cost dna, or rna high-throughput sequencing of the genomes of plant viruses and viroids and of the specific small rnas generated during the infection process. these small rnas, which cover frequently the whole genome of the infectious agent, are 21-24 nt long and are known as vsrnas for viruses and vd-srnas for viroids. ngs has been used in a number of studies in plant virolo ... | 2016 | 27617007 |
| preventive and curative effects of apple latent spherical virus vectors harboring part of the target virus genome against potyvirus and cucumovirus infections. | apple latent spherical virus (alsv)-based vectors experimentally infect a broad range of plant species without causing symptoms and can effectively induce stable virus-induced gene silencing in plants. here, we show that pre-infection of alsv vectors harboring part of a target viral genome (we called alsv vector vaccines here) inhibits the multiplication and spread of the corresponding challenge viruses [bean yellow mosaic virus, zucchini yellow mosaic virus (zymv), and cucumber mosaic virus (cm ... | 2013 | 24074595 |
| inheritance of resistance to potyviruses in phaseolus vulgaris l. iii. cosegregation of phenotypically similar dominant responses to nine potyviruses. | we have identified monogenic dominant resistance to azuki bean mosaic poty virus (azmv), passionfruit woodiness potyvirus-k (pwv-k), zucchini yellow mosaic potyvirus (zymv), and a dominant factor that conditioned lethal necrosis to thailand passiflora potyvirus (thpv), in phaseolus vulgaris 'black turtle soup 1'. resistance to azmv, pwv-k, zymv, watermelon mosaic potyvirus, cowpea aphid-borne mosaic potyvirus, blackeye cowpea mosaic potyvirus, and lethal necrosis to soybean mosaic potyvirus and ... | 1994 | 24178089 |
| simultaneous multiplex pcr detection of seven cucurbit-infecting viruses. | two multiplex polymerase chain reaction (pcr) systems using dual priming oligonucleotide (dpo) primers were developed for the simultaneous detection of seven cucurbit-infecting viruses. one system allows for the detection of papaya ringspot virus, watermelon mosaic virus, and zucchini yellow mosaic virus, whereas the other permits the detection of cucumber green mottle mosaic virus, cucumber fruit mottle mosaic virus, kyuri green mottle mosaic virus, and zucchini green mottle mosaic virus. viral ... | 2014 | 24937806 |
| viruses of cucurbit crops in the mediterranean region: an ever-changing picture. | cucurbit crops may be affected by at least 28 different viruses in the mediterranean basin. some of these viruses are widely distributed and cause severe yield losses while others are restricted to limited areas or specific crops, and have only a negligible economic impact. a striking feature of cucurbit viruses in the mediterranean basin is their always increasing diversity. indeed, new viruses are regularly isolated and over the past 35 years one "new" cucurbit virus has been reported on avera ... | 2012 | 22682166 |
| disease interactions in a shared host plant: effects of pre-existing viral infection on cucurbit plant defense responses and resistance to bacterial wilt disease. | both biotic and abiotic stressors can elicit broad-spectrum plant resistance against subsequent pathogen challenges. however, we currently have little understanding of how such effects influence broader aspects of disease ecology and epidemiology in natural environments where plants interact with multiple antagonists simultaneously. in previous work, we have shown that healthy wild gourd plants (cucurbita pepo ssp. texana) contract a fatal bacterial wilt infection (caused by erwinia tracheiphila ... | 2013 | 24155951 |
| plant virus-induced changes in aphid population development and temporal fluctuations in plant nutrients. | cucurbita pepo plants were infected with zucchini yellow mosaic virus or maintained noninfected.aphis gossypii, which transmits the virus, lived longer and produced more offspring on infected than on noninfected plants. on infected plants, the intrinsic rate of natural increase fora. gossypii increased with time after inoculation. in a similar experiment, concentrations of phloem sap nutrients, including free amino acids, total protein, and sugars from infected and noninfected plants were compar ... | 1994 | 24242121 |
| pathogen effects on vegetative and floral odours mediate vector attraction and host exposure in a complex pathosystem. | pathogens can alter host phenotypes in ways that influence interactions between hosts and other organisms, including insect disease vectors. such effects have implications for pathogen transmission, as well as host exposure to secondary pathogens, but are not well studied in natural systems, particularly for plant pathogens. here, we report that the beetle-transmitted bacterial pathogen erwinia tracheiphila - which causes a fatal wilt disease - alters the foliar and floral volatile emissions of ... | 2012 | 22988893 |
| effects of virus on plant fecundity and population dynamics. | microorganisms are ubiquitous and thought to regulate host populations. although microorganisms can be pathogenic and affect components of fitness, few studies have examined their effects on wild plant populations. as individual traits might not contribute equally to changes in population growth rate, it is essential to examine the entire life cycle to determine how microorganisms affect host population dynamics. in this study, we used data from common garden experiments with plants from three c ... | 2014 | 24571200 |
| development of broad virus resistance in non-transgenic cucumber using crispr/cas9 technology. | genome editing in plants has been boosted tremendously by the development of crispr/cas9 (clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats) technology. this powerful tool allows substantial improvement in plant traits in addition to those provided by classical breeding. here, we demonstrate the development of virus resistance in cucumber (cucumis sativus l.) using cas9/subgenomic rna (sgrna) technology to disrupt the function of the recessive eif4e (eukaryotic translation initiation fac ... | 2016 | 26808139 |
| melon rna interference (rnai) lines silenced for cm-eif4e show broad virus resistance. | efficient and sustainable control of plant viruses may be achieved using genetically resistant crop varieties, although resistance genes are not always available for each pathogen; in this regard, the identification of new genes that are able to confer broad-spectrum and durable resistance is highly desirable. recently, the cloning and characterization of recessive resistance genes from different plant species has pointed towards eukaryotic translation initiation factors (eif) of the 4e family a ... | 2012 | 22309030 |
| a simple, rapid and efficient way to obtain infectious clones of potyviruses. | the availability of an infectious cdna clone is a prerequisite for genetic studies on rna viruses. however, despite important improvement in molecular biology techniques during the last decades, obtaining such clones often remains tedious, time-consuming and rather unpredictable. in the case of potyviruses, cdna clones are frequently unstable due to the toxicity of some viral proteins for bacteria. the problem can be overcome by inserting introns into the viral sequence but this requires additio ... | 2012 | 22498260 |
| inheritance of resistance to watermelon mosaic virus in the cucumber line tmg-1: tissue-specific expression and relationship to zucchini yellow mosaic virus resistance. | the inbred cucumber (cucumis sativus l.) line tmg-1 is resistant to three potyviruses:zucchini yellow mosaic virus (zymv), watermelon mosaic virus (wmv), and the watermelon strain of papaya ringspot virus (prsv-w). the genetics of resistance to wmv and the relationship of wmv resistance to zymv resistance were examined. tmg-1 was crossed with wi-2757, a susceptible inbred line. f1, f2 and backcross progeny populations were screened for resistance to wmv and/or zymv. two independently assorting f ... | 1995 | 24169900 |
| comparative molecular epidemiology provides new insights into zucchini yellow mosaic virus occurrence in france. | zucchini yellow mosaic virus (zymv, genus potyvirus) causes important crop losses in cucurbits worldwide. in france, zymv epidemics are sporadic but occasionally very severe. this contrasts with watermelon mosaic virus (wmv, genus potyvirus) which causes regular and early epidemics. factors influencing zymv epidemiology are still poorly understood. in order to gain new insights on the ecology and epidemiology of this virus, a 5-year multilocation trial was conducted in which zymv spread and popu ... | 2014 | 24486486 |
| a short motif in the n-terminal part of the coat protein is a host-specific determinant of systemic infectivity for two potyviruses. | although the biological variability of watermelon mosaic virus is limited, isolates from the three main molecular groups differ in their ability to infect systemically chenopodium quinoa. mutations were introduced in a motif of three or five amino acids located in the n-terminal part of the coat protein, and differing in isolates from group 1 (motif: lysine-glutamic acid-alanine (lys-glu-ala) or kea, systemic on c. quinoa), group 2 (lys-glu-thr or ket, not systemic on c. quinoa) and group 3 (kek ... | 2014 | 24118745 |
| outcomes of co-infection by two potyviruses: implications for the evolution of manipulative strategies. | recent studies have documented effects of plant viruses on host plants that appear to enhance transmission by insect vectors. but, almost no empirical work has explored the implications of such apparent manipulation for interactions among co-infecting pathogens. we examined single and mixed infections of two potyviruses, watermelon mosaic virus (wmv) and zucchini yellow mosaic virus (zymv), that frequently co-occur in cucurbitaceae populations and share the same aphid vectors. we found that zymv ... | 2013 | 23407835 |
| two novel motifs of watermelon silver mottle virus nss protein are responsible for rna silencing suppression and pathogenicity. | the nss protein of watermelon silver mottle virus (wsmov) is the rna silencing suppressor and pathogenicity determinant. in this study, serial deletion and point-mutation mutagenesis of conserved regions (cr) of nss protein were performed, and the silencing suppression function was analyzed through agroinfiltration in nicotiana benthamiana plants. we found two amino acid (aa) residues, h113 and y398, are novel functional residues for rna silencing suppression. our further analyses demonstrated t ... | 2015 | 25993336 |
| an efficient tag derived from the common epitope of tospoviral nss proteins for monitoring recombinant proteins expressed in both bacterial and plant systems. | nsscon (23 aa), a common epitope in the gene silencing suppressor nss proteins of the members of the watermelon silver mottle virus (wsmov) serogroup, was previously identified. in this investigation, we expressed different green fluorescent protein (gfp)-fused deletions of nsscon in bacteria and reacted with nsscon monoclonal antibody (mab). our results indicated that the core 9 amino acids, "(109)kftmhnqif(117)", denoted as "nss", retain the reactivity of nsscon. in bacterial pet system, four ... | 2013 | 23403362 |
| dicer-like 4 is involved in restricting the systemic movement of zucchini yellow mosaic virus in nicotiana benthamiana. | zucchini yellow mosaic virus (zymv) induces serious diseases in cucurbits. to create a tool to screen for resistance genes, we cloned a wild zymv isolate and inserted the visual marker rosea1 to obtain recombinant clone zymv-ros1. while in some plant-virus combinations rosea1 induces accumulation of anthocyanins in infected tissues, zymv-ros1 infection of cucurbits did not lead to detectable anthocyanin accumulation. however, the recombinant virus did induce dark red pigmentation in infected tis ... | 2017 | 27958768 |
| effects of virus infection on pollen production and pollen performance: implications for the spread of resistance alleles. | studies over the past 25 years have shown that environmental stresses adversely affect male function, including pollen production and pollen performance (germination and pollen tube growth rate). consequently, genetic variation among plants in resistance to a stress has the potential to impact pollen donation to conspecifics and, if deposited onto a stigma, the ability of the pollen to achieve fertilization. we examined the effects of a nonlethal virus epidemic on pollen production and pollen pe ... | 2016 | 26905087 |
| establishment of a simple and rapid gene delivery system for cucurbits by using engineered of zucchini yellow mosaic virus. | the infectious full-length cdna clone of zucchini yellow mosaic virus (zymv) isolate pa (pzymv-pa), which was isolated from pumpkin, was constructed by utilizing viral transcription and processing signals to produce infectious in vivo transcripts. simple rub-inoculation of plasmid dnas of pzymv-pa was successful to cause infection of zucchini plants (cucurbita pepo l.). we further engineered this infectious cdna clone of zymv as a viral vector for systemic expression of heterologous proteins in ... | 2016 | 26889118 |
| partially resistant cucurbita pepo showed late onset of the zucchini yellow mosaic virus infection due to rapid activation of defense mechanisms as compared to susceptible cultivar. | zucchini yellow mosaic virus (zymv) is an emerging viral pathogen in cucurbit-growing areas wordwide. infection causes significant yield losses in several species of the family cucurbitaceae. to identify proteins potentially involved with resistance toward infection by the severe zymv-h isolate, two cucurbita pepo cultivars (zelena susceptible and jaguar partially resistant) were analyzed using a two-dimensional gel electrophoresis-based proteomic approach. initial symptoms on leaves (clearing v ... | 2015 | 25972878 |
| analysis of the complete sequences of two biologically distinct zucchini yellow mosaic virus isolates further evidences the involvement of a single amino acid in the virus pathogenicity. | the complete genome sequences of two slovak zucchini yellow mosaic virus isolates (zymv-h and zymv-se04t) were determined. these isolates differ significantly in their pathogenicity, producing either severe or very mild symptoms on susceptible cucurbit hosts. the viral genome of both isolates consisted of 9593 nucleotides in size, and contained an open reading frame encoding a single polyprotein of 3080 amino acids. despite their different biological properties, an extremely high nucleotide iden ... | 2014 | 25518719 |
| analysis of viral (zucchini yellow mosaic virus) genetic diversity during systemic movement through a cucurbita pepo vine. | determining the extent and structure of intra-host genetic diversity and the magnitude and impact of population bottlenecks is central to understanding the mechanisms of viral evolution. to determine the nature of viral evolution following systemic movement through a plant, we performed deep sequencing of 23 leaves that grew sequentially along a single cucurbita pepo vine that was infected with zucchini yellow mosaic virus (zymv), and on a leaf that grew in on a side branch. strikingly, of 112 g ... | 2014 | 25107623 |
| two and three dimensional characterization of zucchini yellow mosaic virus induced structural alterations in cucurbita pepo l. plants. | infection of plants by zucchini yellow mosaic virus (zymv) induces severe ultrastructural changes. the aim of this study was to investigate ultrastructural changes during zymv-infection in cucurbita pepo l. plants on the two and three dimensional (2d and 3d) level and to correlate these changes with the spread of zymv throughout the plant by transmission electron microscopy (tem) and image analysis. this study revealed that after inoculation of the cotyledons zymv moved into roots [3 days post i ... | 2014 | 24631670 |
| first report of zucchini yellow mosaic virus infecting gherkin (cucumis anguira) in india. | a field visit in september 2011 to the cucumis anguira (gherkin) growing regions of kuppam, chittoor district of andhra pradesh, india revealed occurrence of mosaic, blistering and fruit malformation leading to the crop losses. analysis of field samples revealed association of zucchini yellow mosaic virus (zymv) with the disease. this is the first confirmed report of natural occurrence of zymv on gherkin in india. | 2013 | 24426289 |
| general strategy for ordered noncovalent protein assembly on well-defined nanoscaffolds. | here we develop a novel approach allowing the noncovalent assembly of proteins on well-defined nanoscaffolds such as virus particles. the antibody-binding peptide z33 was genetically fused to the monomeric yellow fluorescent protein and 4-coumarate:coa-ligase 2. this z33 "tag" allowed their patterning on the surface of zucchini yellow mosaic virus by means of specific antibodies directed against the coat protein of the virus. the approach was validated by affinity assays and correlative microsco ... | 2013 | 24175988 |
| high-resolution mapping of zym, a recessive gene for zucchini yellow mosaic virus resistance in cucumber. | using a high-resolution mapping approach, we identified a candidate gene for zymv resistance in cucumber. our findings should assist the development of high-versatility molecular markers for mas for zymv resistance. zucchini yellow mosaic virus (zymv) causes significant disease, which leads to fruit yield loss in cucurbit crops. since zymv resistance is often inherited recessively in cucumber, marker-assisted selection (mas) is a useful tool for the development of resistant cucumber cultivars. u ... | 2013 | 24026172 |
| deep sequencing reveals persistence of intra- and inter-host genetic diversity in natural and greenhouse populations of zucchini yellow mosaic virus. | the genetic diversity present in populations of rna viruses is likely to be strongly modulated by aspects of their life history, including mode of transmission. however, how transmission mode shapes patterns of intra- and inter-host genetic diversity, particularly when acting in combination with de novo mutation, population bottlenecks and the selection of advantageous mutations, is poorly understood. to address these issues, this study performed ultradeep sequencing of zucchini yellow mosaic vi ... | 2012 | 22592263 |
| alatae production and population increase of aphid vectors on virus-infected host plants. | zucchini yellow mosaic virus (zymv) and aphis gossypii glover are two components of a recently identified plant-parasite system that provides an excellent opportunity to study interrelations between a virus and a vector that share the same host, but have no direct physiological interaction. in a field experiment we documented numbers of alate and apterous a. gossypii on healthy cucurbita pepo and on plants inoculated with virus 0, 7, 14, and 21 days before aphid infestation. when plants were ino ... | 1992 | 28311813 |
| exogenously applied dsrna molecules deriving from the zucchini yellow mosaic virus (zymv) genome move systemically and protect cucurbits against zymv. | zucchini yellow mosaic virus (zymv) causes serious damage in a large number of cucurbits, and control measures are necessary. transgenic cucurbits expressing parts of the zymv genome have been shown to be resistant to the cognate virus. a non-transgenic approach involving the exogenous application of double-stranded rna (dsrna) has also been shown to induce resistance in tobacco against cucumber mosaic virus (cmv) and tobacco mosaic virus (tmv). in the present study, dsrna molecules derived from ... | 2017 | 28621835 |
| impact of vat resistance in melon on viral epidemics and genetic structure of virus populations. | cultivar choice is at the heart of cropping systems and resistant cultivars should be at the heart of disease management strategies whenever available. they are the easiest, most efficient and environmentally friendly way of combating viral diseases at the farm level. among the melon genetic resources, vat is a unique gene conferring resistance to both the melon aphid aphis gossypii and the viruses it carries. the 'virus side' of this pleiotropic phenotype is seldom regarded as an asset for viru ... | 2017 | 28587865 |
| zucchini yellow mosaic virus (zymv, potyvirus): vertical transmission, seed infection and cryptic infections. | the role played by seed transmission in the evolution and epidemiology of viral crop pathogens remains unclear. we determined the seed infection and vertical transmission rates of zucchini yellow mosaic virus (zymv), in addition to undertaking illumina sequencing of nine vertically transmitted zymv populations. we previously determined the seed-to-seedling transmission rate of zymv in cucurbita pepo ssp. texana (a wild gourd) to be 1.6%, and herein observed a similar rate (1.8%) in the subsequen ... | 2013 | 23845301 |
| phloem long-distance delivery of flowering locus t (ft) to the apex. | cucurbita moschata flowering locus t-like 2 (hereafter ftl2) and arabidopsis thaliana (arabidopsis) flowering locus t (ft), components of the plant florigenic signaling system, move long-distance through the phloem from source leaves to the vegetative apex where they mediate floral induction. the mechanisms involved in long-distance trafficking of ft/ftl2 remain to be elucidated. in this study, we identified the critical motifs on both ft and ftl2 required for cell-to-cell trafficking through mu ... | 2013 | 23607279 |