| adaptive evolution and demographic history contribute to the divergent population genetic structure of potato virus y between china and japan. | potato virus y (pvy) is an important plant pathogen causing considerable economic loss to potato production. knowledge of the population genetic structure and evolutionary biology of the pathogen, particularly at a transnational scale, is limited but vital in developing sustainable management schemes. in this study, the population genetic structure and molecular evolution of pvy were studied using 127 first protein (p1) and 137 coat protein (cp) sequences generated from isolates collected from p ... | 2017 | 28352297 |
| erratum to: bimodal dynamics of primary metabolism-related responses in tolerant potato-potato virus y interaction. | | 2017 | 28288559 |
| complete genome sequence of sunflower ring blotch virus, a new potyvirus infecting sunflower in argentina. | the complete genome sequence of sunflower ring blotch virus (surbv), a previously undescribed potyvirus infecting sunflower in argentina, is reported. the surbv genome comprises 9555 nucleotides (nt) and encodes a polyprotein of 3061 amino acids, flanked by 5' and 3' untranslated regions of 117 and 255 nt, respectively. phylogenetic analysis showed that surbv belongs to the potato virus y (pvy) subgroup and clusters together with sunflower chlorotic mottle virus and bidens mosaic virus. percenta ... | 2017 | 28224251 |
| a viral protease relocalizes in the presence of the vector to promote vector performance. | vector-borne pathogens influence host characteristics relevant to host-vector contact, increasing pathogen transmission and survival. previously, we demonstrated that infection with turnip mosaic virus, a member of one of the largest families of plant-infecting viruses, increases vector attraction and reproduction on infected hosts. these changes were due to a single viral protein, nia-pro. here we show that nia-pro responds to the presence of the aphid vector during infection by relocalizing to ... | 2017 | 28205516 |
| contribution of noncolonizing aphids to potato virus y prevalence in potato in idaho. | potato virus y (pvy) is a major concern for potato production in the united states given its impact on both crop quality and yield. although green peach aphid, myzus persicae (sulzer), is the most efficient pvy vector, it may be less abundant in potato-growing areas of idaho relative to non-potato-colonizing aphid vectors of pvy that may disperse from nearby cereal fields and other crops. a field study was conducted during 2012-2013 to examine if noncolonizing aphids disperse to nearby potato fi ... | 2016 | 28028092 |
| potato virus y transmission efficiency from potato infected with single or multiple virus strains. | there has been a recent shift in the prevalence of potato virus y (pvy) strains affecting potato with the ordinary strain pvy(o) declining and the recombinant strains pvy(ntn) and pvy(n:o) emerging in the united states. multiple pvy strains are commonly found in potato fields and even in individual plants. factors contributing to the emergence of the recombinant strains are not well defined but differential aphid transmission of strains from single and mixed infections may play a role. we found ... | 2017 | 27938241 |
| detection and molecular characterization of slovak tomato isolates belonging to two recombinant strains of potato virus y. | total rnas from a symptomless tomato plant were subjected to next-generation sequencing (ngs) analysis, revealing the presence of a single viral agent - potato virus y (pvy). the analysis of determined full-length genome sequence assigned the pvy sl16 isolate to the recombinant pvy-n-wi strain group. a series of primers targeting the four main recombinant junction (rj) sites were used for characterization of additional 5 tomato pvy isolates recovered in western slovakia. based on the partial seq ... | 2017 | 27928913 |
| dynamic expression analysis of early response genes induced by potato virus y in pvy-resistant nicotiana tabacum. | dynamic transcriptional changes of the host early responses genes were detected in pvy-resistant tobacco varieties infected with potato virus y; pvy resistance is a complex process that needs series of stress responses. potato virus y (pvy) causes a severe viral disease in cultivated crops, especially in solanum plants. to understand the molecular basis of plant responses to the pvy stress, suppression subtractive hybridization (ssh) and microarray approaches were combined to identify the potent ... | 2017 | 27896424 |
| biological, serological and molecular typing of potato virus y (pvy) isolates from tunisia. | in tunisia, potato virus y (pvy) currently presents a significant threat to potato production, reducing tuber yield and quality. three hundred and eighty-five potato samples (six different cultivars) collected in autumn 2007 from nine regions in tunisia were tested for pvy infection by das-elisa. the virus was detected in all regions surveyed, with an average incidence of 80.26%. subsequently, a panel of 82 tunisian pvy isolates (pvy-tn) was subjected to systematic biological, serological and mo ... | 2016 | 27813549 |
| contribution of noncolonizing aphids to potato virus y prevalence in potato in idaho. | potato virus y (pvy) is a major concern for potato production in the united states given its impact on both crop quality and yield. although green peach aphid, myzus persicae (sulzer), is the most efficient pvy vector, it may be less abundant in potato-growing areas of idaho relative to non-potato-colonizing aphid vectors of pvy that may disperse from nearby cereal fields and other crops. a field study was conducted during 2012-2013 to examine if noncolonizing aphids disperse to nearby potato fi ... | 2016 | 27694432 |
| prediction of host-derived mirnas with the potential to target pvy in potato plants. | potato virus y has emerged as a threatening problem in all potato growing areas around the globe. pvy reduces the yield and quality of potato cultivars. during the last 30 years, significant genetic changes in pvy strains have been observed with an increased incidence associated with crop damage. in the current study, computational approaches were applied to predict potato derived mirna targets in the pvy genome. the pvy genome is approximately 9 thousand nucleotides, which transcribes the follo ... | 2016 | 27683585 |
| a new eif4e1 allele characterized by rnaseq data mining is associated with resistance to potato virus y in tomato albeit with a low durability. | allele mining on susceptibility factors offers opportunities to find new sources of resistance among crop wild relatives for breeding purposes. as a proof of concept, we used available rnaseq data to investigate polymorphisms among the four tomato genes encoding translation initiation factors [eif4e1 and eif4e2, eifiso4e and the related gene new cap-binding protein(ncbp)] to look for new potential resistance alleles to potyviruses. by analysing polymorphism among rnaseq data obtained for 20 toma ... | 2016 | 27655175 |
| biological and molecular characterization of a tomato isolate of potato virus y (pvy) of the pvy(c) lineage. | an isolate of potato virus y (pvy), pvy-h14, was collected on the island of oahu, hawaii, from tomato plants exhibiting stunting and necrotic lesions on leaves. pvy-h14 triggered the hypersensitive resistance response in potato cultivars king edward and maris bard, typical of a pvy(c) strain, and was unable to infect systemically the four tested cultivars, desiree, maris bard, king edward, and russet norkotah. phylogenetic analysis of h14 and the whole genomes of 31 pvy isolates of non-recombina ... | 2016 | 27654668 |
| development and validation of high-resolution melting markers derived from rysto sts markers for high-throughput marker-assisted selection of potato carrying rysto. | sequence analysis of the chromosome region harboring the sequence-tagged site (sts) markers yes3-3a and yes3-3b for rysto, a gene responsible for extreme resistance to potato virus y (pvy) in potato, was performed in tetraploid potato 'barbara' (rrrr) and 'ac chaleur' (rrrr) as well as their progeny selections. three and two sequence variants were identified in barbara resistant (r) selections and ac chaleur susceptible (s) selections, respectively. further analysis indicates that the variant wi ... | 2016 | 27442536 |
| solanum venturii, a suitable model system for virus-induced gene silencing studies in potato reveals stmkk6 as an important player in plant immunity. | virus-induced gene silencing (vigs) is an optimal tool for functional analysis of genes in plants, as the viral vector spreads throughout the plant and causes reduced expression of selected gene over the whole plant. potato (solanum tuberosum) is one of the most important food crops, therefore studies performing functional analysis of its genes are very important. however, the majority of potato cultivars used in laboratory experimental setups are not well amenable to available vigs systems, thu ... | 2016 | 27213007 |
| autophagy induction in tobacco leaves infected by potato virus y(o) and its putative roles. | autophagy plays a critical role in the innate immune response of plants to pathogen infection. in the present study, we examined autophagy induced by potato virus y ordinary strain (pvy(o)) infection in tobacco (nicotiana benthamiana). enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays revealed that the number of virus particles in the plant peaked at 2 weeks post-inoculation and then gradually decreased. additionally, the amount of virus increased significantly in the 3rd and 4th leaves distal to the inoculate ... | 2016 | 27137843 |
| population analysis of iranian potato virus y isolates using complete genome sequence. | in this study, the full-length nucleotide sequences of four iranian pvy isolates belonging to pvy(n) strain were determined. the genome of iranian pvy isolates were 9,703-9,707 nucleotides long encoding all potyviral cistrons including p1, hc-pro, p3, 6k1, ci, 6k2, vpg, nia-pro, nib and cp with coding regions of 825, 1,395, 1,095, 156, 1,902, 156, 564, 732, 1,557 and 801 nucleotides in length, respectively. the length of pipo, embedded in the p3 cistron, was 231 nucleotides. phylogenetic analysi ... | 2016 | 26889113 |
| a tilling approach to generate broad-spectrum resistance to potyviruses in tomato is hampered by eif4e gene redundancy. | genetic resistance to pathogens is important for sustainable maintenance of crop yields. recent biotechnologies offer alternative approaches to generate resistant plants by compensating for the lack of natural resistance. tomato (solanum lycopersicum) and related species offer a model in which natural and tilling-induced potyvirus resistance alleles may be compared. for resistance based on translation initiation factor eif4e1, we confirm that the natural allele sh-eif4e1(pi24)-pot1, isolated fro ... | 2016 | 26850324 |
| primary metabolism, phenylpropanoids and antioxidant pathways are regulated in potato as a response to potato virus y infection. | potato production is one of the most important agricultural sectors, and it is challenged by various detrimental factors, including virus infections. to control losses in potato production, knowledge about the virus-plant interactions is crucial. here, we investigated the molecular processes in potato plants as a result of potato virus y (pvy) infection, the most economically important potato viral pathogen. we performed an integrative study that links changes in the metabolome and gene expressi ... | 2016 | 26727123 |
| preferential acquisition and inoculation of pvyntn over pvyo in potato by the green peach aphid myzus persicae (sulzer). | in the past decade, the incidence and distribution of the recombinant, tuber necrotic strain of potato virus y (pvyntn) has been increasing in the us seed potato crop while the ordinary strain (pvyo) has been decreasing. the transmission efficiency of both strains was determined from two potato cultivars when acquired sequentially by the same aphid or when acquired by separate aphids and inoculated to the same plant. pvyntn was transmitted more efficiently than pvyo and the order of acquisition ... | 2016 | 26675892 |
| genetic determinism and evolutionary reconstruction of a host jump in a plant virus. | in spite of their widespread occurrence, only few host jumps by plant viruses have been evidenced and the molecular bases of even fewer have been determined. a combination of three independent approaches, 1) experimental evolution followed by reverse genetics analysis, 2) positive selection analysis, and 3) locus-by-locus analysis of molecular variance (amova) allowed reconstructing the potato virus y (pvy; genus potyvirus, family potyviridae) jump to pepper (capsicum annuum), probably from othe ... | 2016 | 26503941 |
| interaction between pvy hc-pro and the ntcf1β-subunit reduces the amount of chloroplast atp synthase in virus-infected tobacco. | the photosynthetic rate of virus-infected plants is always reduced. however, the molecular mechanism underlying this phenomenon remains unclear. the helper component-proteinase (hc-pro) of potato virus y (pvy) was found in the chloroplasts of pvy-infected tobacco, indicating some new function of hc-pro in the chloroplasts. we generated hc-pro transgenic plants with a transit peptide to target the protein to chloroplast. the hc-pro transgenic tobacco showed a decreased photosynthetic rate by 25% ... | 2015 | 26499367 |
| bimodal dynamics of primary metabolism-related responses in tolerant potato-potato virus y interaction. | potato virus y (pvy) is a major pathogen that causes substantial economic losses in worldwide potato production. different potato cultivars differ in resistance to pvy, from severe susceptibility, through tolerance, to complete resistance. the aim of this study was to better define the mechanisms underlying tolerant responses of potato to infection by the particularly aggressive pvy(ntn) strain. we focused on the dynamics of the primary metabolism-related processes during pvy(ntn) infection. | 2015 | 26386579 |
| potato virus y hc-pro reduces the atpase activity of ntmind, which results in enlarged chloroplasts in hc-pro transgenic tobacco. | potato virus y (pvy) is an important plant virus and causes great losses every year. viral infection often leads to abnormal chloroplasts. the first step of chloroplast division is the formation of ftsz ring (z-ring), and the placement of z-ring is coordinated by the min system in both bacteria and plants. in our lab, the helper-component proteinase (hc-pro) of pvy was previously found to interact with the chloroplast division protein ntmind through a yeast two-hybrid screening assay and a bimol ... | 2015 | 26309250 |
| increased sensitivity of rt-pcr for potato virus y detection using rna isolated by a procedure with differential centrifugation. | the sensitivity of reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (rt-pcr) for virus detection is influenced by many factors such as specificity of primers and quality of templates. these factors become extremely important for successful detection when virus concentration is low. total rna isolated from potato virus y (pvy)-infected potato plants using the sodium sulfite rna isolation method or rneasy plant mini kit contains a high proportion of host rna and may also contain trace amount of phe ... | 2015 | 26210699 |
| landing preference and reproduction of rhopalosiphum padi (hemiptera: aphididae) in the laboratory on three maize, potato, and wheat cultivars. | the bird cherry-oat aphid rhopalosiphum padi (l.) transmits the nonpersistent potato virus y (pvy) to seed potatoes. planting a nonvirus host plant around the main crop can reduce pvy incidence, because aphids tend to land in high numbers at the edge of a field and the crop border acts as a virus sink. this study determined r. padi landing and settling preferences and reproductive rates on three cultivars each of maize and wheat compared with potato in the laboratory as a basis for identifying a ... | 2015 | 26022628 |
| induction of resistance to potato virus y strain ntn in potato plants through rnai. | potato viruses cause enormous economic loss in agriculture production. potatoes can be infected by a number of different viruses that affect negatively the harvest and the tuber quality. direct and effective drugs against plant virus diseases are still not available and control is only applied as agricultural measures and pesticides against virus vectors. potato virus y (pvy) is transmitted by aphids in non-persistent manner and on that account using insecticides to prevent spread of the infecti ... | 2015 | 26019615 |
| detection and characterization of viral species/subspecies using isothermal recombinase polymerase amplification (rpa) assays. | numerous molecular-based detection protocols include an amplification step of the targeted nucleic acids. this step is important to reach the expected sensitive detection of pathogens in diagnostic procedures. amplifications of nucleic acid sequences are generally performed, in the presence of appropriate primers, using thermocyclers. however, the time requested to amplify molecular targets and the cost of the thermocycler machines could impair the use of these methods in routine diagnostics. re ... | 2015 | 25981257 |
| immunocapture-multiplex rt-pcr for the simultaneous detection and identification of plant viruses and their strains: study case, potato virus y (pvy). | immunocapture-reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (ic-rt-pcr) is a sensitive, reproducible, and robust method for the detection and identification of rna viruses. the ic step provides a simple method to isolate virus particles from plant tissue, particularly when inhibitory substances are present, and thus enables subsequent use of rt-pcr amplification for large-scale virus testing and typing. the multiplex format of the pcr is often used for the detection and identification of multi ... | 2015 | 25981255 |
| diversity of genetic backgrounds modulating the durability of a major resistance gene. analysis of a core collection of pepper landraces resistant to potato virus y. | the evolution of resistance-breaking capacity in pathogen populations has been shown to depend on the plant genetic background surrounding the resistance genes. we evaluated a core collection of pepper (capsicum annuum) landraces, representing the worldwide genetic diversity, for its ability to modulate the breakdown frequency by potato virus y of major resistance alleles at the pvr2 locus encoding the eukaryotic initiation factor 4e (eif4e). depending on the pepper landrace, the breakdown frequ ... | 2016 | 25967744 |
| variability of potato virus y in tomato crops in poland and development of a reverse-transcription loop-mediated isothermal amplification method for virus detection. | a collection of 147 potato virus y (pvy) isolates from tomato, originating from several commercial fields and greenhouses in different regions of poland, was tested for the presence of pvy by reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction. however, in some cases, the results obtained were ambiguous. therefore, a sensitive reverse-transcription loop-mediated isothermal amplification method was developed for rapid detection of pvy isolates. phylogenetic and recombination analyses were performed b ... | 2015 | 25961337 |
| tobacco susceptibility to potato virus y(ntn) infection is affected by grafting and endogenous cytokinin content. | faster or stronger response to pathogen occurs if plants undergo prior priming. cytokinins seem to be also involved in plant priming and in response to pathogens. susceptibility to potato virus y(ntn) (pvy(ntn)) was studied in transgenic cytokinin overproducing (pssu-ipt) tobacco and compared with nontransgenic plants. since cytokinin overproduction inhibits development of plant roots and grafting overcomes this limitation, both types were grown as rooted and/or grafted plants to check also the ... | 2015 | 25900563 |
| [comparative analysis of population genetic structure of potato virus y from different hosts]. | nucleotide sequences of p3 and pipo genes of potato virus y (pvy) from potato and tobacco were compared to investigate the effect of hosts on the population genetic structure. meanwhile, mutation, natural selection and gene flow were evaluated to determine evolutionary forces responsible for the population genetic dynamics. the fixation indices of population differentiation (fst) of pvy from tobacco and potato were 0.116 and 0.120, respectively with significant difference, suggesting a moderate ... | 2015 | 25787004 |
| fluorescently tagged potato virus y: a versatile tool for functional analysis of plant-virus interactions. | potato virus y (pvy) is an economically important plant virus that infects solanaceous crops such as tobacco and potato. to date, studies into the localization and movement of pvy in plants have been limited to detection of viral rna or proteins ex vivo. here, a pvy n605 isolate was tagged with green fluorescent protein (gfp), characterized and used for in vivo tracking. in nicotiana tabacum cv. xanthi, pvy n605-gfp was biologically comparable to nontagged pvy n605, stable through three plant-to ... | 2015 | 25761209 |
| helper component-proteinase enhances the activity of 1-deoxy-d-xylulose-5-phosphate synthase and promotes the biosynthesis of plastidic isoprenoids in potato virus y-infected tobacco. | virus-infected plants show strong morphological and physiological alterations. many physiological processes in chloroplast are affected, including the plastidic isoprenoid biosynthetic pathway [the 2c-methyl-d-erythritol-4-phosphate (mep) pathway]; indeed, isoprenoid contents have been demonstrated to be altered in virus-infected plants. in this study, we found that the levels of photosynthetic pigments and abscisic acid (aba) were altered in potato virus y (pvy)-infected tobacco. using yeast tw ... | 2015 | 25736930 |
| host recovery and reduced virus level in the upper leaves after potato virus y infection occur in tobacco and tomato but not in potato plants. | in this study, the recovery phenomenon following infection with potato virus y (pvy) was investigated in tobacco (nicotiana tobaccum), tomato (solanum lycopersicum) and potato (solanum tuberosum) plants. in tobacco plants, infection of severe strains of pvy (pvyn or pvyn:o) induced conspicuous vein clearing and leaf deformation in the first three leaves above the inoculated leaves, but much milder symptoms in the upper leaves. the recovery phenotype was not obvious in tobacco plants infected wit ... | 2015 | 25679498 |
| deep sequencing of virus-derived small interfering rnas and rna from viral particles shows highly similar mutational landscapes of a plant virus population. | rna viruses exist within a host as a population of mutant sequences, often referred to as quasispecies. within a host, sequences of rna viruses constitute several distinct but interconnected pools, such as rna packed in viral particles, double-stranded rna, and virus-derived small interfering rnas. we aimed to test if the same representation of within-host viral population structure could be obtained by sequencing different viral sequence pools. using ultradeep illumina sequencing, the diversity ... | 2015 | 25673712 |
| recombination of strain o segments to hcpro-encoding sequence of strain n of potato virus y modulates necrosis induced in tobacco and in potatoes carrying resistance genes ny or nc. | hypersensitive resistance (hr) to strains o and c of potato virus y (pvy, genus potyvirus) is conferred by potato genes ny(tbr) and nc(tbr), respectively; however, pvy n strains overcome these resistance genes. the viral helper component proteinases (hcpro, 456 amino acids) from pvy(n) and pvy(o) are distinguished by an eight-amino-acid signature sequence, causing hcpro to fold into alternative conformations. substitution of only two residues (k269r and r270k) of the eight-amino-acid signature i ... | 2015 | 25557768 |
| analysis of potato virus y coat protein epitopes recognized by three commercial monoclonal antibodies. | potato virus y (pvy, genus potyvirus) causes substantial economic losses in solanaceous plants. routine screening for pvy is an essential part of seed potato certification, and serological assays are often used. the commercial, commonly used monoclonal antibodies, mab1128, mab1129, and mab1130, recognize the viral coat protein (cp) of pvy and distinguish pvyn strains from pvyo and pvyc strains, or detect all pvy strains, respectively. however, the minimal epitopes recognized by these antibodies ... | 2014 | 25542005 |
| stopped in its tracks: how λ-cyhalothrin can break the aphid transmission of a potato potyvirus. | pyrethroids are one of the most widespread and commonly used classes of insecticide and are used in multiple roles, including protecting potato crops from virus vector aphids. resistance in some genotypes of a few species is now widespread, but most species remain susceptible. the rate of virus transmission by two genotypes of the peach potato aphid, myzus persicae, fed on potato virus y (pvy)-infected leaves of potato treated with the pyrethroid λ-cyhalothrin was evaluated. | 2015 | 25523839 |
| potato virus y hcpro localization at distinct, dynamically related and environment-influenced structures in the cell cytoplasm. | potyvirus hcpro is a multifunctional protein that, among other functions, interferes with antiviral defenses in plants and mediates viral transmission by aphid vectors. we have visualized in vivo the subcellular distribution and dynamics of hcpro from potato virus y and its homodimers, using green, yellow, and red fluorescent protein tags or their split parts, while assessing their biological activities. confocal microscopy revealed a pattern of even distribution of fluorescence throughout the c ... | 2014 | 25387134 |
| full-genome analyses of a potato virus y (pvy) isolate infecting pepper (capsicum annuum l.) in the republic of south africa. | potato virus y (pvy) is a pathogen of economic importance in pepper and other major crop species in the family solanaceae. three major pvy strain groups: o, c, and n, have been distinguished on the basis of genome sequencing. in this study, the first full-genome sequence of a pvy isolate (jvw-186) infecting pepper from the province of kwazulu-natal, republic of south africa is reported. the complete genome sequence of jvw-186 was assembled from overlapping rt-pcr clones using mega 5 software. tw ... | 2014 | 25303962 |
| rt-pcr and real-time rt-pcr methods for the detection of potato virus y in potato leaves and tubers. | potato virus y (pvy) is a major threat to potato crops around the world. it is an rna virus of the family potyviridae, exhibiting many different strains that cause a range of symptoms in potato. elisa detection of viral proteins has traditionally been used to quantify virus incidence in a crop or seed lot. elisa, however, cannot reliably detect the virus directly in dormant tubers, requiring several weeks of sprouting tubers to produce detectable levels of virus. nor can elisa fully discriminate ... | 2015 | 25287492 |
| potato virus y infection hinders potato defence response and renders plants more vulnerable to colorado potato beetle attack. | in the field, plants are challenged by more than one biotic stressor at the same time. in this study, the molecular interactions between potato (solanum tuberosum l.), colorado potato beetle (leptinotarsa decemlineata say; cpb) and potato virus y(ntn) (pvy(ntn) ) were investigated through analyses of gene expression in the potato leaves and the gut of the cpb larvae, and of the release of potato volatile compounds. cpb larval growth was enhanced when reared on secondary pvy(ntn) -infected plants ... | 2014 | 25251011 |
| effect of insecticide-treated potato plants on aphid behavior and potato virus y acquisition. | the objective was to assess the effect of two contact insecticides, lambda-cyhalothrin and flonicamid, and three systemic insecticides, pymetrozine, dimethoate and imidacloprid, on the behavior and potato virus y (pvy) acquisition of three aphid species, macrosiphum euphorbiae (thomas), rhopalosiphum padi l. and aphis fabae (scopoli). | 2015 | 25159012 |
| complete genome analysis of a novel recombinant isolate of potato virus y from china. | the complete sequence of gf_yl20, a potato virus y (pvy) isolate from china, encodes a polyprotein of 3,061 amino acids. sequence analysis indicates that gf_yl20 has a genomic structure different from previously reported pvy strains. it shares 99 % nucleotide sequence identity with pb209 (pvy(n:o)) except in vpg, but more than 97 % nucleotide sequence identity with the vpg of mont (pvy(n)), pb312 (pvy(ntn)) and hn2 (syr-i). phylogenetic analysis indicates that gf_yl20 is a novel n:o recombinant ... | 2014 | 25091741 |
| hypersensitive response to potato virus y in potato cultivar sárpo mira is conferred by the ny-smira gene located on the long arm of chromosome ix. | potato virus y (pvy, potyvirus) is the fifth most important plant virus worldwide in terms of economic and scientific impact. it infects members of the family solanaceae and causes losses in potato, tomato, tobacco, pepper and petunia production. in potato and its wild relatives, two types of resistance genes against pvy have been identified. while ry genes confer symptomless extreme resistance, ny genes cause a hypersensitive response visible as local necrosis that may also be able to prevent t ... | 2014 | 25076838 |
| sequence variation of p1 gene in potato virus y isolated from fujian province. | to understand the sequence variation and the putative protein structure of p1 gene in potato virus y (pvy) and to identify the sources of the variation, p1 gene in pvy isolated from fujian province was amplified by reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction (rt-pcr) using a pair of degenerate primers designed from the conserved regions of published sequences. sequence variation and putative protein structure were analyzed, and phylogenetic tree was reconstructed using bayesian inference met ... | 2014 | 25076037 |
| comparative analysis of virus-specific small rna profiles of three biologically distinct strains of potato virus y in infected potato (solanum tuberosum) cv. russet burbank. | deep sequencing technology has enabled the analysis of small rna profiles of virus-infected plants and could provide insights into virus-host interactions. potato virus y is an economically important viral pathogen of potato worldwide. in this study, we investigated the nature and relative levels of virus-derived small interfering rnas (vsirnas) in potato cv. russet burbank infected with three biologically distinct and economically important strains of pvy, the ordinary strain (pvy-o), tobacco v ... | 2014 | 25036885 |
| differential identification of three species of curtovirus using loop-mediated isothermal amplification. | rapid and sensitive detection methods for three species of curtovirus were developed using a loop-mediated isothermal amplification (lamp) technique. a universal primer set for detecting the three main species of curtovirus at the same time, and three kinds of species-specific primer sets were designed and used for lamp reactions. results from the lamp reactions were visualized both by color changes after adding sybr green i staining dye and by dna laddering on agarose gel electrophoresis. the o ... | 2014 | 24957721 |
| interaction patterns between potato virus y and eif4e-mediated recessive resistance in the solanaceae. | the structural pattern of infectivity matrices, which contains infection data resulting from inoculations of a set of hosts by a set of parasites, is a key parameter for our understanding of biological interactions and their evolution. this pattern determines the evolution of parasite pathogenicity and host resistance, the spatiotemporal distribution of host and parasite genotypes, and the efficiency of disease control strategies. two major patterns have been proposed for plant-virus genotype in ... | 2014 | 24942572 |
| ny-1 and ny-2 genes conferring hypersensitive response to potato virus y (pvy) in cultivated potatoes: mapping and marker-assisted selection validation for pvy resistance in potato breeding. | potato virus y (pvy) is one of the most important viruses affecting potato (solanum tuberosum) production. in this study, a novel hypersensitive response (hr) gene, ny-2, conferring resistance to pvy was mapped on potato chromosome xi in cultivar romula. in cultivars albatros and sekwana, the ny-1 gene was mapped on chromosome ix. in cv. romula, the local lesions appeared in leaves inoculated with the pvy(n-wi) isolate at 20 and 28 °c; pvy systemic infections were only occasionally observed at t ... | 2014 | 24860254 |
| interactions among potato genotypes, growth stages, virus strains, and inoculation methods in the potato virus y and green peach aphid pathosystem. | potato virus y (pvy) is an economically important and reemerging potato pathogen in north america. pvy infection reduces yield, and some necrotic and recombinant strains render tubers unmarketable. although pvy(o) is the most prevalent strain in the united states, the necrotic and recombinant strains pvy(ntn) and pvy(n:o) are becoming more widespread. infection rates in aphid-inoculated (myzus persicae (sulzer)) and mechanically inoculated plants were compared across two potato genotypes ('yukon ... | 2014 | 24690278 |
| biological and molecular characterisation of bidens mosaic virus supports its assignment as a member of a distinct species in the genus potyvirus. | the complete nucleotide (nt) sequence of bidens mosaic virus (bimv) isolate sp01 was determined and shown to consist of 9,557 nt. since it shared highest identities in the nt sequence of the whole genome (66-73 %) and in the aa sequence of the polyprotein (60-76 %) with viruses of the potato virus y subgroup, it was compared with them genetically and biologically. phylogenetic analysis showed that the closest relative of bimv is sunflower chlorotic mottle virus, from which it, however, differed ... | 2014 | 24634052 |
| quantitative trait loci from the host genetic background modulate the durability of a resistance gene: a rational basis for sustainable resistance breeding in plants. | the combination of major resistance genes with quantitative resistance factors is hypothesized as a promising breeding strategy to preserve the durability of resistant cultivar, as recently observed in different pathosystems. using the pepper (capsicum annuum)/potato virus y (pvy, genus potyvirus) pathosystem, we aimed at identifying plant genetic factors directly affecting the frequency of virus adaptation to the major resistance gene pvr2(3) and at comparing them with genetic factors affecting ... | 2014 | 24569635 |
| effects of the sequence characteristics of mirnas on multi-viral resistance mediated by single amirnas in transgenic tobacco. | artificial microrna (amirna) has become the preferred viral defence that can be induced in plants. in this study, nine amirna target sites were selected that were based on the sequence characteristics of natural mirnas in the cylindrical inclusion protein (ci), nuclear inclusion a protein (nia), nuclear inclusion b protein (nib), and coat protein (cp) genes of potato virus y (pvy(n)). these amirnas that exhibited high similarities to the sequences of pvy(n) and tev-sd1 were considered. to study ... | 2014 | 24561715 |
| development of reverse transcription loop-mediated isothermal amplification assay for rapid detection of an emerging potyvirus: tomato necrotic stunt virus. | tomato necrotic stunt virus (tonstv) is an emerging potyvirus that causes severe stunting to infected tomato plants. a reverse transcription loop-mediated isothermal amplification (rt-lamp) assay was developed for sensitive detection of tonstv. the sensitivity of rt-lamp was comparable to that of conventional rt-pcr, with detection of tonstv in a reaction containing only 8 pg of total tomato rna or with 1:20,000 dilution of crude tissue extract. this assay was able to detect tonstv in a broad ra ... | 2014 | 24503040 |
| salicylic acid is an indispensable component of the ny-1 resistance-gene-mediated response against potato virus y infection in potato. | the purpose of the study was to investigate the role of salicylic acid (sa) signalling in ny-1-mediated hypersensitive resistance (hr) of potato (solanum tuberosum l.) to potato virus y (pvy). the responses of the ny-1 allele in the rywal potato cultivar and transgenic nahg-rywal potato plants that do not accumulate sa were characterized at the cytological, biochemical, transcriptome, and proteome levels. analysis of noninoculated and inoculated leaves revealed that hr lesions started to develop ... | 2014 | 24420577 |
| molecular and biological characterization of a recombinant isolate of potato virus y from mexico. | an isolate of potato virus y (pvy), pvy-m3, was subjected to biological characterization on potato indicators and to whole-genome sequencing. pvy-m3 induced a local and systemic hypersensitive resistance (hr) response in potato cultivar maris bard expressing the nz gene while inducing no hr in potato cultivars desiree and king edward, carrying ny and nc genes, respectively. these hr responses, combined with a lack of vein necrosis in tobacco, clearly defined pvy-m3 as an isolate of the pvy(z) st ... | 2014 | 24402633 |
| [sequence variation and protein structure of pipo gene in potato virus y]. | the objectives of this study were to understand the sequence variation and the putative protein structure of pipo gene in the potato virus y (pvy) collected from solanum tuberosum. the pipo gene in pvy was cloned using a pair of degenerate primers designed from its conserved region and its sequences were used to re-construct phylogenetic tree in potyvirus genera by a bayesian inference method. an expected fragment of 235 bp was amplified in all 20 samples by rt-pcr and the pipo genes in the 20 s ... | 2013 | 24400487 |
| quantification of mineral oil accumulation and movement in potato plants and its significance in potato virus y management. | mineral oils are increasingly sprayed to manage potato virus y (pvy). however, the mode of accumulation and movement of mineral oil in the potato plant has not been understood. this information is important for optimisation of the concentration and frequency of spraying. during the 2012 season, cvs russet burbank and shepody were planted in the field and in the greenhouse, respectively, and were subjected to mineral oil treatments. the plant samples from the treatment plots were collected, and o ... | 2014 | 24339355 |
| evolution of plant eukaryotic initiation factor 4e (eif4e) and potyvirus genome-linked protein (vpg): a game of mirrors impacting resistance spectrum and durability. | polymorphism in the plant eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4e (eif4e) and potyvirus genome-linked protein (vpg) determine, in many cases, the outcome of the confrontation between these two organisms: compatibility (i.e. infection of the plant by the virus) or incompatibility (i.e. resistance of the plant to the virus). the two interacting proteins eif4e and vpg show strikingly similar evolution patterns. most codon positions in their coding sequences are highly constrained for nonsynonym ... | 2014 | 24309680 |
| intra-specific variability and biological relevance of p3n-pipo protein length in potyviruses. | pipo was recently described as a new orf encoded within the genome of the potyviridae family members (pnas 105:5897-5902, 2008). it is embedded within the p3 cistron and is translated in the +2 reading frame relative to the potyviral long orf as the p3n-pipo fusion protein. in this work, we first collected pipo nucleotide sequences available for different isolates of 48 potyvirus species. second, to determine the biological implications of variation in pipo length, we measured infectivity, viral ... | 2013 | 24225158 |
| surface plasmon resonance for monitoring the interaction of potato virus y with monoclonal antibodies. | surface plasmon resonance (spr)-based biosensors have been widely utilized for measuring interactions of a variety of molecules. fewer examples include higher biological entities such as bacteria and viruses, and even fewer deal with plant viruses. here, we describe the optimization of an spr sensor chip for evaluation of the interaction of the economically relevant filamentous potato virus y (pvy) with monoclonal antibodies. different virus isolates were efficiently and stably bound to a previo ... | 2014 | 24220292 |
| virus strains differentially induce plant susceptibility to aphid vectors and chewing herbivores. | plants are frequently attacked by both pathogens and insects, and an attack from one can induce plant responses that affect resistance to the other. however, we currently lack a predictive framework for understanding how pathogens, their vectors, and other herbivores interact. to address this gap, we have investigated the effects of a viral infection in the host plant on both its aphid vector and non-vector herbivores. we tested whether the infection by three different strains of potato virus y ... | 2014 | 24178835 |
| seasonal phenology and species composition of the aphid fauna in a northern crop production area. | the species diversity of aphids and seasonal timing of their flight activity can have significant impacts on crop production, as aphid species differ in their ability to transmit plant viruses and flight timing affects virus epidemiology. the aim of the study was to characterise the species composition and phenology of aphid fauna in finland in one of the northernmost intensive crop production areas of the world (latitude 64°). | 2013 | 23967149 |
| continuous and emerging challenges of potato virus y in potato. | potato virus y (pvy) is one of the oldest known plant viruses, and yet in the past 20 years it emerged in the united states as a relatively new and very serious problem in potato. the virus exists as a complex of strains that induce a wide variety of foliar and tuber symptoms in potato, leading to yield reduction and loss of tuber quality. pvy has displayed a distinct ability to evolve through accumulation of mutations and more rapidly through recombination between different strains, adapting to ... | 2013 | 23915135 |
| effects of the crinivirus coat protein-interacting plant protein sahh on post-transcriptional rna silencing and its suppression. | in plants, post-transcriptional gene silencing (ptgs) is a sequence-specific mechanism of rna degradation induced by double-stranded rna (dsrna), which is processed into small interfering rnas (sirnas). sirnas are methylated and, thereby, stabilized by the activity of the s-adenosylmethionine-dependent rna methyltransferase hen1. ptgs is amplified by host-encoded rna-dependent rna polymerases (rdr), which generate dsrna that is processed into secondary sirnas. to counteract this rna silencing-me ... | 2013 | 23697374 |
| potato virus y: a major crop pathogen that has provided major insights into the evolution of viral pathogenicity. | potato virus y (pvy) is the type member of the genus potyvirus in the family potyviridae. virion and genome properties: pvy virions have a filamentous, flexuous form, with a length of 730 nm and a diameter of 12 nm. the genomic rna is single stranded, messenger sense, with a length of 9.7 kb, covalently linked to a viral-encoded protein (vpg) at the 5' end and to a 3' polyadenylated tail. the genome is expressed as a polyprotein of approximately 3062 amino acid residues, processed by three virus ... | 2013 | 23480826 |
| the influence of cis-acting p1 protein and translational elements on the expression of potato virus y helper-component proteinase (hcpro) in heterologous systems and its suppression of silencing activity. | in the potyvirus genus, the p1 protein is the first n-terminal product processed from the viral polyprotein, followed by the helper-component proteinase (hcpro). in silencing suppression patch assays, we found that potato virus y (pvy) hcpro expressed from a p1-hcpro sequence increased the accumulation of a reporter gene, whereas protein expressed from an hcpro sequence did not, even with p1 supplied in trans. this enhancing effect of p1 has been noted in other potyviruses, but has remained unex ... | 2013 | 23451733 |
| assessment of snapshot and single step rt-qpcr methods for discriminating potato virus y (pvy) subgroups. | potato virus y (pvy) is the most important virus infecting potato (solanum tuberosum), causing potato tuber necrotic ringspot disease (ptnrd), with a great impact on seed potato production. numerous pvy strain groups with different pathogenicity and economical impact are distributed worldwide. tools for accurate and reliable detection and discrimination of pvy strain groups are therefore essential for successful disease management. two state of the art characterization tools based on detecting m ... | 2013 | 23396125 |
| intrahost mechanisms governing emergence of resistance-breaking variants of potato virus y. | the emergence of resistance breaking (rb) variants starting from the avirulent potato virus y nn strain (pvy(nn)) was analyzed after imposing different selective host constraints. tobacco resistance to pvy(nn) is conferred by va in both nc745 and vam genotypes, but vam carries an extra resistance gene, va2. rb-variants emerged only in nc745 and unexpectedly accumulated higher in the original host, tobacco b21, than the parental pvy(nn). however, the recovery of rb-variants was interfered by pvy( ... | 2013 | 23332684 |
| fast purification of the filamentous potato virus y using monolithic chromatographic supports. | obtaining pure virus suspensions is an essential step in many applications, such as vaccine production, antibody production, sample preparation for procedures requiring enrichment in viruses and other in vitro characterizations. purification procedures usually consist of complex, long lasting and tedious protocols involving several ultracentrifugation steps. such complexity is particularly evident in the case of plant viruses, where the virus needs to be isolated from the complex plant tissue ma ... | 2013 | 23253119 |
| development of multiplex real-time pcr for simultaneous detection of three potyviruses in tobacco plants. | to develop a multiplex real-time pcr assay using taqman probes for the simultaneous detection and quantification of tobacco etch virus (tev), potato virus y (pvy) and tobacco vein banding mosaic virus (tvbmv). | 2013 | 23164070 |
| genetic determinants of potato virus y required to overcome or trigger hypersensitive resistance to pvy strain group o controlled by the gene ny in potato. | potato virus y (pvy) (genus potyvirus) is the most economically damaging and widely distributed virus in potato. spread of pvy in the field is controlled by growing resistant cultivars. the dominant potato gene ny(tbr) for hypersensitive resistance (hr) controls ordinary pvy strains (pvy(o)) but is overcome by pvy(n) strains. studies with infectious pvy chimeras and mutants indicated that the viral determinants necessary and sufficient to overcome ny(tbr) reside within the helper component prote ... | 2013 | 23113714 |
| farther, slower, stronger: how the plant genetic background protects a major resistance gene from breakdown. | genetic resistance provides efficient control of crop diseases, but is limited by pathogen evolution capacities which often result in resistance breakdown. it has been demonstrated recently, in three different pathosystems, that polygenic resistances combining a major-effect gene and quantitative resistance controlled by the genetic background are more durable than monogenic resistances (with the same major gene in a susceptible genetic background), but the underlying mechanisms are unknown. usi ... | 2013 | 23046402 |
| virus adaptation to quantitative plant resistance: erosion or breakdown? | adaptation of populations to new environments is frequently costly due to trade-offs between life history traits, and consequently, parasites are expected to be locally adapted to sympatric hosts. also, during adaptation to the host, an increase in parasite fitness could have direct consequences on its aggressiveness (i.e. the quantity of damages caused to the host by the virus). these two phenomena have been observed in the context of pathogen adaptation to host's qualitative and monogenic resi ... | 2012 | 22947055 |
| molecular evolution and phylogeography of potato virus y based on the cp gene. | potato virus y (pvy) is an important plant pathogen with a wide host range that includes, among others, potato, tobacco, tomato and pepper. the coat protein (cp) of pvy has been commonly used in phylogenetic studies for strain classification. in this study, we used a pool of 292 cp sequences from isolates collected worldwide. after detecting and removing recombinant sequences, we applied bayesian techniques to study the influence of geography and host species in cp population structure and dynam ... | 2012 | 22837421 |
| strain specificity and simultaneous transmission of closely related strains of a potyvirus by myzus persicae. | potato virus y (pvy), a potyvirus, is transmitted by aphids in a nonpersistent manner. pvy severely affects potato production worldwide. single and mixed infections of pvy strains, namely pvy(o), pvy(ntn), and pvy(n:o) are a common occurrence in potato systems. however, information available on the ability of aphids to simultaneously transmit multiple pvy strains, specificity associated with simultaneous transmission, and factors affecting specificity are limited. aphid-mediated transmission exp ... | 2012 | 22812113 |
| phylogeography and molecular evolution of potato virus y. | potato virus y (pvy) is an important plant pathogen, whose host range includes economically important crops such as potato, tobacco, tomato, and pepper. pvy presents three main strains (pvy(o), pvy(n) and pvy(c)) and several recombinant forms. pvy has a worldwide distribution, yet the mechanisms that promote and maintain its population structure and genetic diversity are still unclear. in this study, we used a pool of 77 complete pvy genomes from isolates collected worldwide. after removing the ... | 2012 | 22655074 |
| phylogenetic relationships of closely related potyviruses infecting sweet potato determined by genomic characterization of sweet potato virus g and sweet potato virus 2. | complete nucleotide sequences of sweet potato virus g (spvg) and sweet potato virus 2 (spv2) were determined to be 10,800 and 10,731 nucleotides, respectively, excluding the 3'-poly(a) tail. their genomic organizations are typical of potyviruses, encoding a polyprotein which is likely cleaved into 10 mature proteins by three viral proteinases. conserved motifs of orthologous proteins of viruses in the genus potyvirus are found in corresponding positions of both viruses. pairwise comparisons of i ... | 2012 | 22562225 |
| identification of new potato virus y (pvy) molecular determinants for the induction of vein necrosis in tobacco. | two tobacco vein necrosis (tvn) determinants, the residues k(400) and e(419) , have been identified previously in the helper component-protease (hc-pro) protein sequence of potato virus y (pvy). however, since their description, non-necrotic pvy isolates with both k(400) and e(419) necrotic determinants have been reported in the literature. this suggests the presence in the viral genome of other, as yet uncharacterized, tvn determinant(s). the identification of pvy(n) pathogenicity determinants ... | 2012 | 22537230 |
| modelling the evolutionary dynamics of viruses within their hosts: a case study using high-throughput sequencing. | uncovering how natural selection and genetic drift shape the evolutionary dynamics of virus populations within their hosts can pave the way to a better understanding of virus emergence. mathematical models already play a leading role in these studies and are intended to predict future emergences. here, using high-throughput sequencing, we analyzed the within-host population dynamics of four potato virus y (pvy) variants differing at most by two substitutions involved in pathogenicity properties. ... | 2012 | 22532800 |
| cytopathological potato virus y structures during solanaceous plants infection. | the ultrastructural analysis of tobacco, potato and pepper tissues during infection with necrotic strains and the ordinary potato virus y strain of revealed the presence of virus inclusions not only in the epidermis and mesophyll but also in the vascular tissues. for the first time cytoplasmic inclusions were documented in companion cells and phloem parenchyma as well as in xylem tracheary elements. the ultrastructural features studied in this work consisted of mostly laminated inclusions (in th ... | 2012 | 22410276 |
| purification, crystallization and preliminary x-ray diffraction analysis of the hsp40 protein cpip1 from nicotiana tabacum. | chaperones promote many different molecular processes, including the folding, targeting and degradation of proteins. the best-studied chaperone system consists of the hsp70s and their co-chaperones the hsp40s. chaperone function can be hijacked by viruses in plants. potato virus y interacts via its coat protein with an hsp40 from nicotiana tabacum, referred to as ntcpip1, in order to regulate replication. to understand the molecular determinants of this mechanism, different variants of ntcpip1 w ... | 2012 | 22298008 |
| both common and specific genetic factors are involved in polygenic resistance of pepper to several potyviruses. | absolute resistance to potato virus y pathotype 0 (pvy 0), potyvirus e and chili veinal mottle virus (cvmv) and a partial resistance to potato virus y pathotype 1,2 (pvy 1,2) were found in an indian pepper line, 'perennial'. in the doubled haploid (dh) progeny from the f1 of a cross 'perennial' by 'yolo wonder', resistance to cvmv was confered by two independent genes, one with a clear dominant effect. resistance to pvy and potyvirus e was quantitatively expressed and controlled by several reces ... | 1996 | 24166111 |
| resistance to potato virus y in somatic hybrids between solanum etuberosum and s. tuberosum x s. berthaultii hybrid. | somatic hybrids between a potato virus y (pvy) resistant solanum etuberosum clone and a susceptible diploid potato clone derived from a cross between s. tuberosum gp. tuberosum haploid us-w 730 and s. berthaultii were evaluated for resistance to pvy. all but one of the tested somatic hybrids were significantly more resistant than cultivars 'atlantic' and 'katahdin'. however, none was as resistant as the s. etuberosum parent. one hexaploid somatic hybrid, possibly the product of a triple-cell fus ... | 1994 | 24178025 |
| characterization of a gametoclonal variant controlling virus resistance in tobacco. | potato virus y (pvy), susceptible tobacco (nicotiana tabacum l.) cultivar, mcnair 944, was subjected to in vitro anther culture to determine if genetic variability for virus resistance could be induced among resulting haploids. five hundred and forty-five haploids were produced and inoculated with a highly necrotic strain (nn) of pvy. one haploid plant survived, even though it was infected with the virus. selfed progenies of a chromosome-doubled plant of this variant, designated nc 602, proved t ... | 1991 | 24221151 |
| phylogenetic study of recombinant strains of potato virus y. | potato virus y (pvy) exists as a complex of strains, including a growing number of recombinants. evolution of pvy proceeds through accumulation of mutations and more rapidly through recombination. here, the role of recombination in pvy evolution and the origin of common pvy recombinants were studied through whole genome analysis of 119 newly sequenced pvy isolates largely from u.s. potato, and subsequent combined phylogenetic and recombination analyses with an additional 166 whole pvy genomes fr ... | 2017 | 28399436 |
| vector population growth and condition-dependent movement drive the spread of plant pathogens. | plant viruses, often spread by arthropod vectors, impact natural and agricultural ecosystems worldwide. intuitively, the movement behavior and life history of vectors influence pathogen spread, but the relative contribution of each factor has not been examined. recent research has highlighted the influence of host infection status on vector behavior and life history. here, we developed a model to explore how vector traits influence the spread of vector-borne plant viruses. we allowed vector life ... | 2017 | 28555726 |
| quantitative trait loci in pepper control the effective population size of two rna viruses at inoculation. | infection of plants by viruses is a complex process involving several steps: inoculation into plant cells, replication in inoculated cells and plant colonization. the success of the different steps depends, in part, on the viral effective population size (ne), defined as the number of individuals passing their genes to the next generation. during infection, the virus population will undergo bottlenecks, leading to drastic reductions in ne and, potentially, to the loss of the fittest variants. th ... | 2017 | 28691663 |
| validation of reference genes for quantifying changes in gene expression in virus-infected tobacco. | to facilitate quantification of gene expression changes in virus-infected tobacco plants, eight housekeeping genes were evaluated for their stability of expression during infection by one of three systemically-infecting viruses (cucumber mosaic virus, potato virus x, potato virus y) or a hypersensitive-response-inducing virus (tobacco mosaic virus; tmv) limited to the inoculated leaf. five reference-gene validation programs were used to establish the order of the most stable genes for the system ... | 2017 | 28689086 |
| facile synthesis of novel vanillin derivatives incorporating a bis(2-hydroxyethyl)dithhioacetal moiety as antiviral agents. | a series of vanillin derivatives incorporating a bis(2-hydroxyethyl)dithioacetal moiety was designed and synthesized via a facile method. a plausible reaction pathway was proposed and verified by computational studies. bioassay results demonstrated that target compounds possessed good to excellent activities against potato virus y (pvy) and cucumber mosaic virus (cmv), of which, compound 6f incorporating a bis(2-hydroxyethyl)dithioacetal moiety, exhibited the best curative and protection activit ... | 2017 | 28545296 |
| identification of mapks as signal transduction components required for the cell death response during compatible infection by the synergistic pair potato virus x-potato virus y. | systemic necrosis is one of the most severe symptoms caused in compatible plant-virus interactions and shares common features with the hypersensitive response (hr). mitogen-activated protein kinase (mapk) cascades are associated with responses to compatible and incompatible host-virus interactions. here, we show that virus-induced gene silencing of the nicotiana benthamiana mapk genes salicylic acid-induced protein kinase (sipk) and wound-induced protein kinase (wipk), and the mapk kinase (mapkk ... | 2017 | 28647505 |
| a novel recombined potato virus y isolate in china. | this study reports the findings of a distinct potato virus y (pvy) isolate found in northeast china. one hundred and ten samples (leaves and tubers) were collected from potato plants showing mosaic symptoms around the city of harbin in heilongjiang province of china. the collected tubers were planted and let to grow in a greenhouse. new potato plants generated from these tubers showed similar symptoms, except for one plant. subsequent serological analyses revealed pvy as the causing agent of the ... | 2017 | 28811755 |
| breeding of a new potato variety 'nagasaki kogane' with high eating quality, high carotenoid content, and resistance to diseases and pests. | 'nagasaki kogane' is a new potato variety bred from a cross between 'saikai 35' as a female parent and 'saikai 33' as a male. 'saikai 35' is resistant to bacterial wilt, contains the h1 and rychc genes for resistance to the potato cyst nematode (pcn) and potato virus y (pvy), respectively, and has high carotenoid content, while 'saikai 33' has large and high-yielding tubers and is resistant to both bacterial wilt and pcn. the carotenoid content of 'nagasaki kogane' is higher than that of 'dejima ... | 2017 | 28744186 |
| silencing the tobacco gene for rna-dependent rna polymerase 1 and infection by potato virus y cause remodeling of cellular organelles. | rna-dependent rna polymerase 1 (rdr1) has been shown to be involved in dna methylation, rna silencing and regulating expression of other genes. rdr1 gene expression is stimulated by infection with potato virus y° (pvy). transgenic nicotiana tabacum plants silenced for rdr1 gene expression showed morphological changes in mesophyll cells, associated with remodeling of the nuclei, chloroplasts and mitochondria. rdr1 silencing led to decreased nuclear size, increased heterochromatin content and aggr ... | 2017 | 28719835 |
| the effects of potato virus y-derived virus small interfering rnas of three biologically distinct strains on potato (solanum tuberosum) transcriptome. | potato virus y (pvy) is one of the most economically important pathogen of potato that is present as biologically distinct strains. the virus-derived small interfering rnas (vsirnas) from potato cv. russet burbank individually infected with pvy-n, pvy-ntn and pvy-o strains were recently characterized. plant defense rna-silencing mechanisms deployed against viruses produce vsirnas to degrade homologous viral transcripts. based on sequence complementarity, the vsirnas can potentially degrade host ... | 2017 | 28716126 |
| integrated analysis of tobacco mirna and mrna expression profiles under pvy infection provids insight into tobacco-pvy interactions. | potato virus y (pvy) is a globally and economically important pathogen of potato, tobacco, tomato and other staple crops and caused significant yield losses and reductions in quality.to explore the molecular pvy-host interactions, we analysed changes in the mirna and mrna profiles of tobacco in response to pvy infection. a total of 81 differentially expressed mirnas belonging to 29 families and 8133 mrnas were identified. the gene ontology (go) enrichment analyses showed that genes encoding the ... | 2017 | 28687775 |
| comparison between proteome and transcriptome response in potato (solanum tuberosum l.) leaves following potato virus y (pvy) infection. | plant diseases caused by viral infection are affecting all major crops. being an obligate intracellular organisms, chemical control of these pathogens is so far not applied in the field except to control the insect vectors of the viruses. understanding of molecular responses of plant immunity is therefore economically important, guiding the enforcement of crop resistance. to disentangle complex regulatory mechanisms of the plant immune responses, understanding system as a whole is a must. howeve ... | 2017 | 28684682 |