| the complete nucleotide sequence of a variant of coxsackievirus a24, an agent causing acute hemorrhagic conjunctivitis. | the complete nucleotide sequence was determined for the cdnas that represent the rna genome of the standard strain of a variant of coxsackievirus a24, the eh24/70, one of the agents causing acute hemorrhagic conjunctivitis. the genome is 7461 nucleotide long and is polyadenylated at the 3'-end terminus. following a 750-nucleotide 5'-noncoding region, there was a long open reading frame of 6642 nucleotides, which serve to encode a viral polyprotein consisting of 2214 amino acids. comparison of th ... | 1992 | 1317075 |
| enhancement by stable butyrate derivatives of antitumor and antiviral actions of interferon. | the use of n-butyric acid has been associated with induction of cell differentiation and bypassing of genetic defects in the suppression of malignancy. this biological response modifier satisfies the requirements for specificity and low toxicity, and its use can be considered as an alternative approach to conventional cancer chemotherapy. however, a lack of clinical efficacy has been observed with butyrate and attributed mainly to the rapid metabolism of the compound. butyric acid pro-drugs deri ... | 1992 | 1318271 |
| enteroviruses in recreational waters of northern ireland. | virus surveillance of northern ireland recreational waters, between april 1986 and may 1989 demonstrated widespread enteroviral contamination of coastal and inland waters. in 1986, enteroviruses were detected in 4 of 46 (8.7%) water samples, collected from 6 coastal bathing waters. in 1987, 49 of 107 (45.8%) samples, from 16 coastal bathing waters, yielded enteroviruses; 33 of the enterovirus positive samples passed one or both of the coliform standards outlined by the european economic communit ... | 1992 | 1318220 |
| mobilization of cutaneous immunity for systemic protection against infections. | this laboratory reported that a single subcutaneous (sc) injection of the natural steroid hormone dehydroepiandrosterone (dhea) resulted in significant protection against a lethal herpes virus type 2 encephalitis or a systemic coxsackievirus b4 infection. our previous results have shown that sc injection of dhea resulted in upregulation of the specific host immune response resulting in protection against a lethal infection. this hormone did not have any direct antiviral effects in vitro. further ... | 1992 | 1318664 |
| treatment of coxsackievirus a9 myocarditis in mice with win 54954. | the therapeutic efficacy of an experimental antiviral agent, win 54954, was evaluated in murine myocardial infection with coxsackievirus a9 (cva9). eight-month-old male swiss webster mice were inoculated with 1.5 x 10(4) pfu of cva9, boston strain 13. win 54954, a broad-spectrum antipicornavirus agent, was administered orally in a dose of 0.25, 2.5, 25, 50, 100, or 200 mg/kg of body weight per day on days 1 to 3 after virus inoculation. control animals received xanthan gum carrier only. mice wer ... | 1992 | 1318683 |
| coxsackie b1 virus-induced changes in cell membrane-associated functions are not responsible for altered sensitivity to bacterial invasiveness. | to analyze the possible mechanisms by which coxsackie b1 virus infection affects the invasiveness of shigella flexneri, we have studied the influence of intracellular levels of na+ and k+, atpase activity, cytoplasmic membrane potential, camp level and cell communication through gap junctions. 3h after adsorption of viable or uv-inactivated coxsackie b1 virus the na(+)-k+ gradient of the cell collapsed, atpase activity decreased, the cytoplasmic membranic potential-dependent tetraphosphonium ion ... | 1992 | 1318709 |
| possible role of coxsackie-b virus infection in pancreatitis. | coxsackie-b antibodies were examined in a study of 118 patients with acute and relapsing chronic pancreatitis. the rise in antibody titers was significant in 40 cases. fourteen had acute, five relapsing acute, and 21 chronic pancreatitis. among patients with acute pancreatitis, we detected infectious hepatitis in six cases. two patients with persisting acute pancreatitis received levamisole as an immune adjuvant, which promoted their recovery. it seems that coxsackie-b virus can cause acute panc ... | 1992 | 1318913 |
| [susceptibility of rd-9h8 cells derived from rd cells to enteroviruses and its application for measuring neutralizing antibodies against coxsackievirus group b]. | we carried out cloning of rd cells and obtained cloned cell line rd-9h8, which is highly sensitive to enteroviruses. cytopathic effect (cpe) of rd-9h8 cells was more remarkable than that of original rd cells. the rd-9h8 cells were used to measure the neutralizing antibodies to coxsackievirus group b in sera from 93 medical students collected in oct. 1990 at iwate medical university. the proportions of confirmed positive sera were coxsackievirus type b1 44.1%, type b2 50.5%, type b3 46.2%, type b ... | 1992 | 1320655 |
| identification of candidate sequences that determine virulence in coxsackievirus b4. | we have previously shown that a major determinant of virulence for coxsackievirus b4 mapped to the 5' end of the viral genome. comparison of the corresponding cdna sequences of a virulent and a non-virulent virus has allowed the identification of candidate determinants of virulence in the 5' untranslated region and the capsid proteins vp1, vp2 and vp4. thirteen nucleotide substitutions were observed in a region spanning 3298 nucleotides. four mutations were detected in the non-coding region. of ... | 1992 | 1320798 |
| detection of enteroviruses in endomyocardial biopsy by molecular approach. | enteroviruses are considered to be the most common agents implicated in myocarditis and cardiomyopathy. recent studies have suggested persistent enterovirus infection in chronic disease showing the presence of enteroviral rna in the myocardium. we used gene amplification by pcr which can demonstrate directly the presence of enteroviral sequences in endomyocardial biopsies. the primers were chosen in the 5' non-coding region of the genome representing highly conserved sequences among enteroviruse ... | 1992 | 1320101 |
| an encephalomyocarditis virus epizootic in a baboon colony. | approximately 80 baboon deaths were caused by encephalomyocarditis virus (emcv) infection in a 3060 member research and production colony. the epizootic extended over a 9-month period and occurred in baboons ranging from 1 day to 22 years of age. acute death was the most common history. when clinical disease was detected, it was characterized by labored respiration associated with acute congestive heart failure. the salient necropsy findings were pulmonary congestion and edema, hydropericardium, ... | 1992 | 1320151 |
| pathologically and serologically different avian nephritis virus isolates implicated in etiology of baby chick nephropathy. | three virus isolates (wg-3, -4, and -5) from chicks affected by baby chick nephropathy were orally inoculated into 1-day-old specific-pathogen-free chicks of lines pdl-1 and 15i. additional chicks were orally inoculated with avian nephritis virus (anv) strain g-4260. chicks inoculated with isolates wg-3, -4, and -5 died between 2 and 6 days postinoculation (pi), with mortality ranging from 0% to 53.3%. pathological findings in the dead chicks included nephrosis in chicks inoculated with wg-3, -4 ... | 1992 | 1320866 |
| immunoglobulin class and subclass-specific monoclonal antibody sandwich elisa for the detection of antibodies against coxsackieviruses b, types 1-5. | immunoglobulin subclass-specific elisas were developed for human igg1, igg2, igg3, igg4, igatotal, and igm directed against coxsackie b (cb) virus types 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5. in all the assays the solid phase was coated with immunoglobulin class/subclass-specific monoclonal antibodies, followed by an incubation with the serum specimens. incubation with one of the cb viruses, as well as an incubation with biotinylated serotype-specific monoclonal antibodies to the same virus type provided the virus ... | 1992 | 1321835 |
| detection of enteroviral rna in idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy and other human cardiac tissues. | enteroviruses have been considered to be a possible cause of idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy. we used a polymerase chain reaction methodology for the identification of enteroviral rna in an attempt to provide evidence of a role for enteroviruses in the pathogenesis of idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy. the methodology was shown to identify a wide variety of enteroviruses with a sensitivity up to 0.1-1 plaque-forming units/gram of tissue. 5 of 11 cases (45%) of idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy ... | 1992 | 1321839 |
| cryptosporidium and coxsackievirus b5 causing epidemic diarrhoea in a child-care centre. | | 1992 | 1321327 |
| evaluation of the effects of low molecular weight heparin on inflammation and collagen deposition in chronic coxsackievirus b3-induced myocarditis in a/j mice. | coxsackievirus, group b, type 3 (cvb3) infection of a/j male mice induces chronic myocarditis with increased interstitial fibrosis and collagen deposition. heparin, a naturally occurring sulfated glycosaminoglycan, has both anti-inflammatory and antifibrotic activities besides its well-known anticoagulant activity. this study determined whether heparin treatment could decrease either cardiac inflammation or fibrosis in chronic cvb3-induced myocarditis. control mice were either untreated or treat ... | 1992 | 1321562 |
| postinfectious myocarditis. | | 1992 | 1321685 |
| effect of immunostimulant therapy on acute viral myocarditis in an animal model. | the effect of immunostimulant therapy on acute viral myocarditis, which was induced with encephalomyocarditis virus, was investigated in 4-week-old male balb/c mice. in vitro, peritoneal exudate cells and spleen cells from mice that were pretreated with a synthetic immunoactivating peptide, fk565 (heptanoyl-gamma-d-glutamyl-(l)-meso-diaminopimelyl-(d)-alan ine), significantly inhibited the multiplication of encephalomyocarditis virus in balb/c 3t3 cells compared with peritoneal exudate cells and ... | 1992 | 1322031 |
| two-step pcr in the retrospective diagnosis of enteroviral viraemia. | enteroviral infections are potentially serious in man causing a variety of syndromes and a viraemic phase is probable in most patients. however, virological diagnosis is usually indirect by isolation of the agent from throat or stools when possible, and/or slow due to the need to titrate antibodies in paired sera. because of its high sensitivity the polymerase chain reaction (pcr) offers the possibility of rapid detection of even low-grade viraemia. we have developed a 2-step pcr procedure adapt ... | 1992 | 1322556 |
| analysis and examination of cytokine interactions by the median-effect model: an example with antiviral action of tumor necrosis factor and interferon-gamma. | a mathematical model based on the median effect principle was used to demonstrate its usefulness in studying cytokine interactions. the inhibition of cytopathological effects due to encephalomyocarditis virus (emcv) by interferon-gamma (ifn-gamma) and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (tnf) in wish cells using a microtiter assay was employed. the model was used to analyze the characteristics of the dose-effect relationships of ifn-gamma, tnf, and their combination. the method also was used to define s ... | 1992 | 1322438 |
| acute sensory and autonomic neuropathy: possible association with coxsackie b virus infection. | this report describes a 26 year old woman with a coxsackie b virus infection complicated by an acute pandysautonomic and sensory neuropathy. electrophysiological studies suggested an axonal neuropathy. a sural nerve biopsy performed early in the disease showed axonal degeneration with a virtual absence of unmyelinated fibres and moderate loss of myelinated fibres, mainly affecting the small fibres; this differs from previous reports. an immune-mediated or direct virus action might explain the pa ... | 1992 | 1322452 |
| mumps and coxsackie b3 virus infection of human fetal pancreatic islet-like cell clusters. | islet-like cell clusters (iccs) prepared from human fetal pancreases were infected with mumps or coxsackie b3 virus. double-labeled antibody technique showed that the viruses infected both insulin-secreting and other pancreatic cells and that secretion of immunoreactive insulin into the culture medium of the mumps virus-infected cells had already ceased on day 7. the mumps virus-infected icc clusters produced virus for 14 days, and the mumps virus antigen was detected in the iccs through the who ... | 1992 | 1322538 |
| heat-shock protein induction in adriamycin and picornavirus-infected cardiocytes. | both chemicals, such as the chemotherapy agent adriamycin, and viruses, such as the picornaviruses coxsackievirus b3 and encephalomyocarditis virus, cause metabolic injury in myocardial cells. this injury includes depression of cellular rna and protein synthesis and production of oxygen free radicals which are known to induce increased expression of "heat-shock" or stress proteins (hsp). these hsp can stimulate potent t lymphocyte responses that may then contribute to cardiac damage associated w ... | 1992 | 1323730 |
| viral susceptibility of an established cell line of swine embryo kidney. | the viral susceptibility of a cell line, named ksek6, newly established from the kidney cortex of swine embryo was tested for the indication of cpe occurrences and also plaque formations. the multiplication of porcine adenoviruses was considerably high in the cells among the virus strains tested though plaques of these viruses were hardly visible under agar overlay medium. two strains of swine enteroviruses, aujeszky's disease virus and hemagglutinating encephalomyelitis virus also multiplied we ... | 1992 | 1323743 |
| [serological verification of the role of enteroviruses in the etiology of polyradiculoneuritis and aseptic meningoencephalitis]. | in a group of 38 patients with the guillain-barré syndrome (sgb) and a group of 38 patients selected at random who suffered from meningoencephalitis the authors compared the characteristics by age, sex, onset of the disease (month of the year) and intervals between the onset of the disease and collection of serum samples. using the neutralization microtest, the sera were examined for antibodies against 23 serotypes of enteroviruses incl. polioviruses. the groups differed significantly in the fol ... | 1992 | 1324123 |
| [syndrome of gianotti-crosti associated with hepatitis caused by the coxsackie b4 virus]. | | 1992 | 1324383 |
| neuronal cell cultures as a model for assessing neurotoxicity induced by encephalitic viruses. | primary dispersed and organotypic cultures were prepared from selected brain areas and spinal cords of rat (sprague-dawley) and mouse (sjl/ola(f) ness-ziona) fetuses and neonates. following fiber regeneration, synapse formation and myelination, cultures were infected with one of the following viruses: rabies cvs-21 strain, sindbis alphavirus, west-nile flavivirus and theiler murine encephalomyelitis virus. light and electron microscopical studies showed clear differences in the target cells for ... | 1992 | 1324447 |
| detection of enteroviruses in faeces by polymerase chain reaction. | a polymerase chain reaction (pcr) technique for the detection of human enteroviruses in stool specimens was developed. the test was based on the synthesis of cdna, followed by pcr and slot blot hybridization. the primers used were selected from a highly conserved sequence in the 5'non-coding region of the enteroviral genome. by this method 27 different enterovirus serotypes (15 echo, 6 coxsackie a, 4 coxsackie b, poliovirus type 2 and enterovirus 71) from 89 patients could be detected. using pos ... | 1992 | 1324520 |
| a case-control study of group b coxsackievirus immunoglobulin m antibody prevalence and hla-dr antigens in newly diagnosed cases of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. | from july 1984 through june 1987, we sought referral of all newly diagnosed cases of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus aged 0-29 years in a 14-county area of southern wisconsin. each case was asked to identify an age- and sex-matched friend control. blood specimens were obtained for group b coxsackievirus immunoglobulin m (igm) neutralizing antibody titer on cases and controls and hla-dr typing of cases. there were 225 cases referred, of whom 194 participated. of these, 134 had both hla-dr typ ... | 1992 | 1324601 |
| absence of persistent infection with enteroviruses in muscles of patients with inflammatory myopathies. | we searched for enteroviral nucleic acid sequences using the polymerase chain reaction and slot-blot hybridization in coded muscle biopsy specimens from 39 patients with active inflammatory myopathies (polymyositis, dermatomyositis, and inclusion-body myositis) and from 16 patients with other neuromuscular diseases, including patients with postpolio syndrome. for primers, we used sequences of the noncoding region at the 5' end of the viral rna. we failed to detect specific enteroviral nucleic ac ... | 1992 | 1324633 |
| successive infection of coxsackievirus b3 and encephalomyocarditis virus: an animal model of chronic myocarditis. | successive infection of coxsackievirus b3 and encephalomyocarditis virus was investigated as a disease model of chronic myocarditis. four-week-old c3h/he mice were inoculated with coxsackievirus b3 and then inoculated with encephalomyocarditis virus at 8 weeks old. the hearts were evaluated on histopathological changes compared with those of non-infected mice and mice infected with either virus alone. at 10 weeks old, the hearts of the mice infected successively with both viruses showed co-exist ... | 1992 | 1325552 |
| selective decontamination of the digestive tract contributes to the control of disseminated intravascular coagulation in severe liver impairment. | a premature neonate with severe coxsackie b1 hepatitis acquired in utero developed disseminated intravascular coagulation a few days after birth. the neonate did not respond to conventional treatment. eradication of aerobic gram-negative bacilli (enterobacteriaceae) from the gut with oral nonabsorbable polymyxin e and tobramycin (selective decontamination of the digestive tract) was followed by clinical improvement; disseminated intravascular coagulation was controlled. after an unstable convale ... | 1992 | 1325553 |
| right ventricular cardiomyopathy. | | 1992 | 1325631 |
| [ocular histoenzymatic research on an experimental viral attack]. | we sought to investigate enzyme response appearing subsequent to sub-conjunctival administration of the coxsackie b3 virus. this virus stimulates oxidising enzymes, diaphorase and leucin aminopeptidase, dihydrofolate reductase, and adenosinetriphosphatase. the most typical enzyme changes are been in the chorion of the conjunctival mucose and the corneal parenchyma there by showing that the virus, triggers local immune defence mechanisms. the appearance of highly active langerhans cells around bo ... | 1992 | 1325834 |
| [diaphorase activity at the conjunctival level in an experimentally produced viral infection]. | by coxsackie virus type b3 subconjunctival administration it has been noticed the appearance of a antiviral defense mechanism, revealed by the presence in conjunctival chorion of lymphocytes, plasmocytes and active macrophages. it had also been studied by histochemical methods the responsive way at conjunctival level of nadh2-cytocrom-c-reductase (diaphorase) in experimentally obtained viral aggression. the injected virus has determined the stimulation of the activity of this enzyme at epithelia ... | 1992 | 1325835 |
| effects of lobenzarit on murine acute viral myocarditis. | lobenzarit (cca) is a newly developed immunomodulating drug that has been demonstrated to enhance suppressor t-cell number and function. in this study we investigated the effect of cca on murine myocarditis induced by the encephalomyocarditis (emc) virus. mice were first inoculated with the emc virus. cca (100 mg/kg) was administered daily for 14 days, starting on the day the mice were inoculated. the concentrations of lyt2+ (suppressor/cytotoxic t) cells in the peripheral blood and heart were e ... | 1992 | 1325832 |
| non-cytopathic infection of rhabdomyosarcoma cells by coxsackie b5 virus. | infection of rhabdomyosarcoma (rd) cells by coxsackie b5 virus (cbv5) was non-cytopathic, although low titres of infectious virus were produced after 24 h post-infection. the extent of cbv5 replication in rd cells increased after sequential passage of the virus in these cells. the rd cells from the first cycle of cbv5 infection were recovered and maintained in culture for 3 months (equivalent to 21 passages) releasing infectious virus throughout this period; these cells were considered to be per ... | 1992 | 1326261 |
| mapping of the rd phenotype of the nancy strain of coxsackievirus b3. | the rd variants of group b coxsackieviruses differ from their parental strains in having the ability to replicate in a human rhabdomyosarcoma cell line, rd. the nucleotide sequence of the p1 region of the rd variant of coxsackievirus b3 strain nancy (cb3nrd) was determined by sequencing cloned cdnas, obtained by pcr amplification. a comparison between the established nucleotide sequence and that of the p1 region from the parental virus revealed 12 point mutations which corresponded to six amino ... | 1992 | 1326828 |
| phylogenetically different strains of a variant of coxsackievirus a 24 were repeatedly introduced but discontinued circulating in japan. | variations in the nucleotide sequence of 3 c proteinase of coxsackievirus a 24 variant (ca 24 v) were analyzed to define the route of transmission and spread of the virus which was introduced to japan on three separate occasions, 1985-86, 1988, and 1989. the nucleotide sequences of isolates from the same year's outbreak in japan were identical or closely related, while the isolates from different outbreaks were less closely related to one another than to those from other countries in the same ye ... | 1992 | 1326259 |
| [cellular electrophysiological study of experimental viral myocarditis]. | | 1992 | 1327704 |
| [possible relationship between acute viral myocarditis and dilated cardiomyopathy]. | to explore the possible relationship between acute viral myocarditis and dilated cardiomyopathy (dcm), 35 acute diffuse viral myocarditis (advm) patients with cardiac enlargement were studied for 6 years on average. the results showed that: (1) in 22 advm patients, the dilated hearts had returned to normal on x-ray films. the other 13 cases still had cardiac enlargement complicated with various degrees of cardiac insufficiency (nyha ii/iii) and ecg abnormalities. the manifestation of these 13 pa ... | 1992 | 1327706 |
| ultrastructural study of experimental myocarditis induced by cardiovirus (emcv-m) in swine. | eight 6-week-old piglets were inoculated with a strain of encephalomyocarditis virus (emcv) isolated from an outbreak which occurred naturally in the po valley in 1988. two non-infected animals, kept in the same cage, were used as controls. out of the eight inoculated piglets, two died and two were suppressed on the 2nd post infection day (pid), the four remaining were killed on the 5th, 7th, 11th and 15th pids. control animals were killed at the end of the experiment. the pathogenesis of myocar ... | 1992 | 1327499 |
| [an etiology study on the 1986 epidemic of acute hemorrhagic conjunctivitis in china]. | an epidemic of acute hemorrhagic conjunctivitis (ahc) broke out in shanghai, henan and fujian provinces of china in 1986. twenty four strains of etiologically suspected virus were then isolated but not correctly identified. in 1990 9 out of 24 strains from these three places were re-examined by us in our laboratory, and found feasible to be neutralized by ca 24v antiserum, but not by antiserum to ev 70 as once reported by henan. it was also found that these viruses (one strain from each of these ... | 1992 | 1327682 |
| motor neuron diseases and viruses: poliovirus, retroviruses, and lymphomas. | the viral theory of motor neuron disease (mnd) has been rejuvenated in the last 5 years for several reasons. first, it is now recognized that enteroviruses and picornaviruses similar to poliovirus can persist and induce immune-mediated diseases. in some picornavirus animal models, the immune-mediated disease can occur and continue long after the infectious virus has been cleared, and in some cases of human mnd an immune-mediated disease may occur. second, the human retroviruses human immunodefic ... | 1992 | 1327304 |
| rotavirus and bacterial enteropathogens causing acute diarrhea. | the etiology of rotavirus in acute diarrhoeal illness in children 0-5 years of age, admitted to the pediatric wards of kasturba medical college hospital, manipal was studied, over a period of one year. rotavirus in the faecal samples detected by the slide latex agglutination test accounted for 14.9% of the diarrheas with maximum incidence in the 7-12 months of age group (57.5%). bacterial enteropathogens continued to play a significant role in diarrheal diseases. salmonella enteritis was found m ... | 1992 | 1328046 |
| intracardiac thrombus in murine coxsackievirus b3 myocarditis. | we studied the appearance of intracardiac mural thrombi with time and the relationship between thrombosis and congestive heart failure (chf) in murine coxsackievirus b3 (cb3) myocarditis. four- to six-week-old c3h/he mice were inoculated intraperitoneally with cb3 and were observed for 90 days. mice were sacrificed periodically on days 4, 8, 14, 30, and 90. among 129 mice with myocarditis, 35 (27.1%) developed chf and 40 (31.0%) demonstrated thrombi after day 8. the total incidence of thrombosis ... | 1992 | 1328146 |
| suspect value of non-csf viral cultures in the diagnosis of enteroviral cns infection in young infants. | laboratory criteria used for presumptive diagnosis of enteroviral meningitis were evaluated as predictors of cerebrospinal fluid (csf) infection. records were retrospectively analysed of infants under four months of age admitted to hospital between 1977 and 1987 with viral csf cultures: those with enteroviruses isolated from csf (group 1) were compared with those with enteroviruses isolated only from non-csf sites (group 2). predictive value computations demonstrated that no single or combined n ... | 1992 | 1327928 |
| synergistic interaction of interferon-beta and interferon-gamma in coxsackievirus b3-infected carrier cultures of human myocardial fibroblasts. | the antiviral effects of human interferon-beta (ifn-beta) and human recombinant interferon-gamma (rifn-gamma) were studied in persistently coxsackievirus b3-infected carrier cultures of human myocardial fibroblasts over a period of 21 days. synergism was observed with concentrations as low as 30 iu of ifn-beta plus 10 iu of rifn-gamma/ml, reducing mean viral titers from 6.0 x 10(7) to 1.3 x 10(4) pfu/ml and number of infected cells from 14.4% to 0.1% as determined by quantitative in situ hybridi ... | 1992 | 1328409 |
| combination treatment with ribavirin and interferon for coxsackievirus b3 replication. | the effects of combined treatment with ribavirin and recombinant human leukocyte interferon-alpha a/d against coxsackievirus b3 replication were investigated in cultured cells. recombinant human leukocyte interferon-alpha a/d was applied 12 hours before coxsackievirus b3 inoculation and ribavirin was applied 1 hour after coxsackievirus b3 inoculation on fl (human amnion) cell monolayers. these drugs inhibited coxsackievirus b3 replication synergistically by plaque-reduction assay. this method of ... | 1992 | 1328433 |
| spectrum of monoclonal antibodies to coxsackievirus b-3 includes type- and group-specific antibodies. | fifteen monoclonal antibodies (mabs) made to coxsackievirus b-3 were tested against a panel of enteroviruses by indirect immunofluorescence. the mabs included seven which reacted with coxsackievirus b-3 only, five which reacted with more than one enterovirus included in the panel, one which reacted with broad enteroviral specificity and did not react with any heterologous virus (group specific), and two which reacted with all enteroviruses tested and at least one heterologous virus. the group-sp ... | 1992 | 1328290 |
| detection of enteroviral rna by polymerase chain reaction in faecal samples from patients with aseptic meningitis. | an assay based on the polymerase chain reaction (pcr) for detection of enteroviral rna in stool samples was carried out using specimens from 74 patients with aseptic meningitis. the primer pair and probe were derived from the highly conserved 5' non-coding enterovirus genomic region. enteroviral rna was detected in faeces of all 36 patients in whom an enterovirus was isolated from stool. the pcr assay yielded positive results in additionally 3/6 cases where enterovirus diagnoses were obtained by ... | 1992 | 1328511 |
| serum iga, igg, and igm responses to different enteroviruses as measured by a coxsackie b5-based indirect elisa. | an enterovirus-specific indirect elisa, based on a single local isolate of coxsackie b5 as antigen, was used to study the iga, igg, and igm responses in 19 patients with a recent or current enterovirus infection. twelve different enterovirus serotypes were isolated from 15 patients. paired serum samples were available from 10 and a single serum from 5 of these 15 patients. in addition, 4 patients diagnosed by a significant titer rise of complement fixing antibodies to enterovirus were included. ... | 1992 | 1328509 |
| [selection of dna probes and non-ri-labeled dna probes for clinical application]. | | 1992 | 1328723 |
| [molecular evolution of two enteroviruses which cause acute hemorrhagic conjunctivitis--application of rt-pcr to molecular epidemiology]. | | 1992 | 1328719 |
| t cells expressing the gamma delta t-cell receptor potentiate coxsackievirus b3-induced myocarditis. | initial studies determined whether intraperitoneal (i.p.) injection of balb/c mice with 0.1, 1.0, and 10 mg of adriamycin (a cardiotoxic anthracycline antibiotic) for times ranging between 1 and 9 weeks prior to i.p. injection of 10(5) pfu of coxsackievirus b3 (cvb3) would alter the severity of virus-induced myocarditis. prior adriamycin exposure enhanced pathogenicity of a poorly pathogenic cvb3 variant (h310a1) but had no effect on myocarditis produced by the pathogenic variant (h3). cardiac v ... | 1992 | 1328680 |
| [rapid diagnosis of enterovirus 70 using pcr method]. | | 1992 | 1328718 |
| virus infection and dilated cardiomyopathy. | the implication of virus infection in the pathogenesis of dilated cardiomyopathy has been strengthened by a number of studies demonstrating a progression from myocarditis to this condition. in this context a histological diagnosis from endomyocardial biopsy is mandatory. serological studies have provided only circumstantial evidence. the development and clinical application of enterovirus group-specific hybridization probes and the polymerase chain reaction has allowed the detection of enterovir ... | 1992 | 1329059 |
| [probable compact structure of a cis-active translation element in the 5'-untranslated region of the enterovirus and rhinovirus genome]. | a previously proposed consensus secondary structure model of the internal portion of the 5'-untranslated region of the enterovirus and rhinovirus genomes encompassing the cis-acting translational control element was extended and detailed on the basis of comparative sequence data and biochemical analysis. using this model as a reference, numerous pairs of apparently single-stranded noncontiguous nucleotide stretches with a potential to form inter-domain tertiary bonds were shown to be conserved a ... | 1992 | 1328850 |
| [the role of enteroviruses in the etiology of diseases of the pancreas, kidneys and liver]. | | 1992 | 1329355 |
| genotype-specific in vitro amplification of sequences of the wild type 3 polioviruses from mexico and guatemala. | the extensive nucleotide sequence heterogeneity among independent genotypes of wild polioviruses permits the systematic design of genotype-specific molecular reagents. we have prepared two sets of polymerase chain reaction (pcr) primer pairs specific for the genotype of wild poliovirus type 3 recently endemic to mexico and guatemala. nucleotide sequences of a representative wild type 3 virus isolated in mexico in 1989 differed from the corresponding sabin 3 (leon 12 a1b) sequences at 167 of 900 ... | 1992 | 1329370 |
| interferon treatment reduced adherence, invasiveness and intracellular multiplication of shigella flexneri in coxsackie b1 virus-infected cells. | the effect of interferon treatment on interaction of shigella flexneri with in vitro cultured cells was investigated. pretreatment of hep-2 cells with human interferons had no effect on the susceptibility of cells to s. flexneri, measured by invasiveness and adhesiveness. human leukocyte interferon and human recombinant interferon-alpha-a reduced adhesiveness, intracellular multiplication and invasiveness of s. flexneri in hep-2 cells preinfected with coxsackie b1 virus. also non-receptor mediat ... | 1992 | 1329437 |
| extracellular matrix remodelling after coxsackievirus b3-induced murine myocarditis. | weanling inbred balb/c mice were intraperitoneally inoculated with a myocarditic variant of coxsackievirus b3. at days 1, 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 14, 24 and 30 post-infection (p.i.), myocardial tissue was harvested for viral infectivity titrations and histological studies, including routine techniques (haematoxylin-eosin, masson trichrome and von kossa) and specialized procedures (silver impregnation for reticulin, picrosirius red stain for collagen and immunoperoxidase labelling for laminin). virus was ... | 1992 | 1329915 |
| [effects of multipotent hematopoietic stem cell inhibitory factor on formation of immune response to viral antigen]. | an immunostimulating effect of pif was studied. the augmentation of antibody production to coxsackie a13 virus as well as protective effect during influenza infection have been found out in mice after pif injections. an immunostimulating effect of pif after srbc immunization of mice has been also revealed. possible mechanisms of immunostimulating effect of pif are discussed. | 1992 | 1330072 |
| host resistance assays as predictive models in styrene immunomodulation. | three infection models namely an oncogenic virus encephalomyocarditis (emcv), a rodent strain of malaria, plasmodium berghei, and a rodent hookworm parasite, nippostrongylus brasiliensis, were used to confirm the in vivo immunotoxic potential of styrene reported in our previous communication. the altered host resistance to these challenge infections was evaluated in rodents pre-treated with 0, 0.02, 0.03 or 0.05 x ld50 dose of styrene (5 days/week) for 4 weeks. significantly increased mortality ... | 1992 | 1330943 |
| persistence of viral genome into late stages of murine myocarditis detected by polymerase chain reaction. | enteroviruses have been considered as the most common etiologic agents in clinical myocarditis and dilated cardiomyopathy; however, their pathogenetic role remains unknown. hence, the relation of viral replication and development of cardiomyopathy has been determined in a murine model of myocarditis by evaluating the persistence of viral genome during acute and chronic stages of myocarditis by means of northern blot hybridization and polymerase chain reaction (pcr). | 1992 | 1330363 |
| processing procedures for recovering enteric viruses from wastewater sludges. | a powdered beef extract specially formulated for recovering viruses from environmental samples and designated as beef extract v was evaluated using indigenous and viral seeded wastewater sludge samples. when beef extract v was used to process activated and aerobically digested sludge solids, virus recoveries were shown to be similar to other methods that used commercially available supplemented beef extract. when used to process other sludge solids (primary and activated without primary clarific ... | 1992 | 1331161 |
| identification of precursors of structural proteins vp1 and vp2 of hepatitis a virus. | the morphogenetic pathway of hepatitis a virus (hav), classified as a member of the enteroviruses within the picornaviridae, still remains obscure and seems to differ considerably from that of poliovirus, the most studied representative of this genus. in order to elucidate the precursor/product relationship of hav structural proteins, subviral particles, which represent more than 50% of the viral antigen produced in infected cells, were separated from mature virions and their polypeptide pattern ... | 1992 | 1331311 |
| verapamil ameliorates the clinical and pathological course of murine myocarditis. | the effects of the calcium channel blocking agent, verapamil, were studied in a murine model of viral myocarditis. three groups of 8-wk-old dba/2 mice (n = 25 each) were inoculated with 10 plaque-forming units of encephalomyocarditis virus and randomized to three treatment regimens. group 1 mice received verapamil intraperitoneally (5 mg/kg per d) for 7 d before infection, followed by verapamil orally (mean dose of 3.5 mg/mouse per d) in drinking water during infection. group 2 mice received onl ... | 1992 | 1331179 |
| genomic detection of enteroviruses in the myocardium--studies on animal hearts with coxsackievirus b3 myocarditis and endomyocardial biopsies from patients with myocarditis and dilated cardiomyopathy. | we examined myocardial tissues for the presence of enteroviral rna in animal models with experimental coxsackievirus b3 myocarditis and in endomyocardial biopsy samples obtained from patients clinically diagnosed as having dilated cardiomyopathy or myocarditis using polymerase chain reaction (pcr) gene amplification with enterovirus-generic primers and/or coxsackievirus b3-specific primers. in animal models, coxsackievirus b3 was detected in myocardial tissues up to 28 days, 56 days and 180 days ... | 1992 | 1331557 |
| cellular and molecular bases for the immunopathology of the myocardial cell damage involved in acute viral myocarditis with special reference to dilated cardiomyopathy. | cell-mediated autoimmunity has been strongly implicated in the pathogenesis of the myocardial cell damage involved in viral myocarditis. to investigate the cellular and molecular bases of both target cells and effector cells for cell-mediated cytotoxicity involved in viral myocarditis and dilated cardiomyopathy, we first examined the expression of major histocompatibility complex (mhc) antigens and a cell adhesion molecule, intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (icam-1) in myocardial cells of a muri ... | 1992 | 1331556 |
| [acute malignant myocarditis and pleurodynia as the manifestation of a probable coxsackie b viral infection]. | the authors describe a 45-year-old female patient suffering from rapid-progressing myocarditis with growing disorders in conduction, repolarization alterations and heart dilatation seen for 3 days. the patient died on the 10th day of the disease which started from fever and catarrhal phenomena. attack-like pains in the right half of the chest and abdomen, removable by narcotics, were a remarkable disease manifestation. the diagnosis of myocarditis was verified morphologically. the disease may be ... | 1992 | 1332204 |
| equine fatigue syndrome. | | 1992 | 1332246 |
| conserved tertiary structure elements in the 5' untranslated region of human enteroviruses and rhinoviruses. | a combination of comparative sequence analysis and thermodynamic methods reveals the conservation of tertiary structure elements in the 5' untranslated region (utr) of human enteroviruses and rhinoviruses. the predicted common structural elements occur in the 3' end of a segment that is critical for internal ribosome binding, termed "ribosome landing pad" (rlp), of polioviruses. base pairings between highly conserved 17-nucleotide (nt) and 21-nt sequences in the 5' utr of human enteroviruses and ... | 1992 | 1333125 |
| incessant automatic ventricular tachycardia complicating acute coxsackie b myocarditis. | a 13-year-old girl presented with incessant ventricular tachycardia complicating acute coxsackie b3 myocarditis. electrophysiologic assessment revealed that the tachycardia could not be terminated, overdrive suppressed or accelerated by programmed electrical stimulation, but was transiently slowed by intravenous adenosine triphosphate and had marked spontaneous and sympathoautonomic-mediated fluctuation in the tachycardia cycle length. these features were atypical of reentry and triggered automa ... | 1992 | 1333360 |
| demonstration of the distribution of coxsackie virus rna in neonatal mice by non-isotopic in situ hybridization. | a simple method for the demonstration of coxsackie virus rna by in situ hybridization is described. oligonucleotides complimentary to conserved sequences of coxsackie b genome were synthesised and labelled with digoxigenin using commercially available reagents. in addition to detecting all five coxsackie b strains examined, six strains of coxsackie a were also demonstrated by these probes. using one of the oligonucleotides separately it was possible to distinguish coxsackie a strains from the st ... | 1992 | 1333472 |
| isolation of enteroviruses and adenoviruses in continuous simian cell lines. | the ability of five simian cell lines--bgm, llc-mk2, ma104, vero and bsc-1--to isolate enteroviruses and adenoviruses from faeces was assessed and compared with that of primary or secondary rhesus monkey kidney (rhmk) and hep2 cultures. for enteroviruses, llc-mk2 and bgm were best of the five lines, detecting 77% and 73% respectively of 88 strains isolated, but neither was as good as rhmk, which detected 88%. both vero and bsc-1 detected less than 50%. all cell types were good at isolating polio ... | 1992 | 1333563 |
| [the effect of a coxsackie viral infection on the chromosomal apparatus of the cells of fetuses and newborn mice]. | the coxsackie virus b1 has been studied for its effect on the chromosome apparatus in cells of mouse feti and newborn mice in case of intraperitoneal infection of females on the 3d week of pregnancy. it is stated that the virus readily moves across the placental barrier and induces chromosome aberrations in the cells of feti, their number being 2.5 times higher than the control level. the maximal number of structural chromosome aberrations was registered during the first three days from the mome ... | 1992 | 1333568 |
| virus infection and hand papular dermatoses in young children. | four strains of enterovirus and 1 strain of adenovirus were isolated from stool and pharyngeal swabs by inoculation into primary human embryonic kidney cell culture in 25 cases of dorsum manus infantile papular dermatitis. two strains of coxsackie a-9 virus and 1 strain of echovirus-25 were identified. with the isolated virus as antigen, a matched pair study by sera antibody test was carried out in 43 children with papular dermatitis and 40 normal individuals as controls. in 26 cases of coxsacki ... | 1992 | 1333941 |
| coxsackievirus b4 infection alters thymic, splenic, and peripheral lymphocyte repertoire preceding onset of hyperglycemia in mice. | diabetogenic coxsackievirus b4 infection may trigger autoimmune islet loss in diabetes-susceptible mice, resulting in hyperglycemia in nearly 90% of the animals at 6-8 weeks postinfection (p.i.). to ascertain whether changes in lymphocyte repertoire following infection could predispose these animals to diabetes, alterations in their thymic, splenic, and peripheral lymphocytes were analyzed. additionally, lymphocyte changes were correlated with the virus load in these tissues and with lymphocyte ... | 1992 | 1334127 |
| viral agents and associated lesions detected in a 10-year study of bovine abortions and stillbirths. | in a 10-year survey started in 1980, specimens from 8,995 bovine abortions and stillbirths were submitted to the south dakota animal disease research and diagnostic laboratory. of these, 8,962 were suitable for some type of examination. viruses were associated with 948 (10.58%). bovine herpesvirus-1 (ibr) was detected in 485 (5.41%), and bovine viral diarrhea virus (bvdv) was detected in 407 (4.54%). in 1 year of the survey, bvdv was detected in 8/32 fetuses that had lesions of passive congestio ... | 1992 | 1333814 |
| similar prevalence of enteroviral genome within the myocardium from patients with idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy and controls by the polymerase chain reaction. | to assess the prevalence and significance of enteroviral genome within myocardial biopsy specimens taken from patients with idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy and from controls. | 1992 | 1334684 |
| fever, hepatitis and coagulopathy in a newborn infant. | | 1992 | 1334254 |
| further characterization of a broad-spectrum antiviral substance in human serum. | a broadly active antiviral glycoprotein (uti beta) occurs naturally in human sera at an average antiviral titer of 50 u/ml. this inhibitor is active against all virus families tested to date, including representative poxviruses, herpesviruses, enteroviruses, paramyxoviruses, alpha-viruses, flaviviruses, bunyaviruses, and rhabdoviruses. it is a glycoprotein of approximately 60,000 +/- 10,000 da, which is stable at ph 2 to 10 and at 80 degrees c for up to 10 min. mild oxidation with naio4 and trea ... | 1992 | 1335259 |
| [perinatal viral infections of the central nervous system]. | | 1992 | 1335110 |
| placental phagocytic cells infected with herpes simplex type 2 and echovirus type 19: virological and ultrastructural aspects. | placental macrophage cells were kept in a short-term culture and infected with herpes simplex type 2 virus and echovirus type 19. these were observed under optical and electron microscopy. immunofluorescence, virus titration and autoradiographic technique were used to determine if the virus was replicating in the system. the results showed that the placental phagocytic cells do not allow virus growth and that the virus particles are destroyed right after virus uptake, within 4 h post-infection. ... | 1992 | 1335148 |
| encephalomyocarditis (emc) virus-induced myocarditis by different virus variants and mouse strains. | the mode of occurrence of encephalomyocarditis (emc) virus-induced myocarditis in mice was pathologically and virologically investigated using 2 virus variants (highly diabetogenic emc-d and non-diabetogenic emc-b) and 2 mouse strains (diabetes-susceptible balb/c and diabetes-resistant c57bl/6). mice were inoculated with 10(5) pfu/head of the virus intraperitoneally and observed up to 7 days post inoculation (7dpi). as compared with emc-b-infected balb/c and emc-d-infected c57bl/6 mice, emc-d-in ... | 1992 | 1335759 |
| a prospective study of the polymerase chain reaction for detection of herpes simplex virus in cerebrospinal fluid submitted to the clinical virology laboratory. | polymerase chain reaction (pcr) was prospectively performed with cerebrospinal fluid (csf) from 51 patients whose csf was available for analysis and was submitted for viral culture and/or herpes simplex virus (hsv) serology and 20 patients whose csf was submitted exclusively to the clinical biochemistry laboratory. primers were used that flanked a 92 bp segment of the hsv dna polymerase gene (35 cycles). amplified products were electrophoresed on agarose gel, blotted onto nylon membrane, and pro ... | 1992 | 1335547 |
| properties and classification of hepatitis a virus. | hepatitis a virus (hav) is a member of the picornavirus family. it was first provisionally classified as enterovirus 72, but subsequent determinations of its nucleotide and amino acid sequences showed them to be sufficiently distinct to assign the virus to a new genus. heparna-virus (hep-a-rna-virus) has been suggested as the genus name. hav shares the key properties of the picornavirus family: an icosahedral particle 28 nm in diameter with cubic symmetry, composed of 30% rna and 70% protein. th ... | 1992 | 1335653 |
| [using dot-immunobinding assay for the determination of coxsackie b virus specific igg in patients with viral myocarditis]. | | 1992 | 1335409 |
| t-lymphocyte mediated injury of beta cells in dual-aetiology diabetes mellitus in swiss albino mouse. | earlier we had described a dual aetiology diabetes mellitus (dadm) in mice injected with a sub-diabetogenic dose of streptozotocin (sd-szn) and afterwards infected with coxsackie b3 virus (cbv). further experiments were conducted to understand the mechanism of diabetogenesis. in in vitro stimulation and proliferation tests, the splenic lymphocytes (slc) of mice given either sd-szn or cbv infection showed lower responses to two t cell mitogens than those of control mice, indicating an immunosuppr ... | 1992 | 1335964 |
| further evidence that the nucleic acid of avian encephalomyelitis virus consists of rna. | the nucleic acid of the van roekel strain of avian encephalomyelitis virus (aev) was determined to be rna, according to the inability of the nucleoside analog 5-bromo 2'-deoxyuridine (budr) to inhibit its growth in chicken embryo kidney cell cultures. the test was carried out using known dna and rna viruses as controls, and the results are consistent with classification of aev as a member of the family picornaviridae within the genus enterovirus. | 1992 | 1336656 |
| effects of polyethylene glycol conjugated superoxide dismutase on coxsackievirus b3 myocarditis in mice. | the aim was to examine the role of oxygen derived free radicals in the development of myocarditis by investigating the effects of polyethylene glycol conjugated superoxide dismutase (peg-sod), a potent scavenger of oxygen free radicals, upon coxsackievirus b3 (cb3) myocarditis. | 1992 | 1336713 |
| [acute hemorrhagic viral conjunctivitis]. | two cases of acute hemorrhagic conjunctivitis are described, in which the enterovirus coxsackie 24 was found by serological examination to be the etiological agent. the virus was important from nigeria. the patients suffered by the acute hemorrhagic keratoconjuntivitis with transient iritic irritation without the systemic symptoms. since now this disease with serological verification was not diagnosed in our country. the question of the viral hemorrhagic conjunctivitis and their treatment is dis ... | 1992 | 1336715 |
| target recognition by bovine mononuclear, mhc-unrestricted cytotoxic cells. | a population of bovine non b/non t, cytotoxic lymphocytes with natural killer activity against virus-infected and non-infected embryonic kidney cells was functionally characterized. the data obtained in experiments of flow cytometry and immuno-peroxidase staining show that a cd2-, cd4-, cd8-, tcr gamma delta-, cd3+, cd45+, fcr+ lymphoid killer cell does exist within bovine peripheral blood leucocytes. this population can detect the down-regulation of class i mhc antigens or the expression of emb ... | 1992 | 1336249 |
| activity of glutaraldehyde at low concentrations against capsid proteins of poliovirus type 1 and echovirus type 25. | the activity of glutaraldehyde (gta) against capsid proteins of poliovirus type 1 and echovirus type 25 was studied to understand the mode of action of this reagent against enteroviruses. the viruses were treated with gta concentrations ranging from 0.005 to 0.10%. in the poliovirus particles, high-molecular-weight products were formed by 0.05% gta, whereas in the echovirus particles, they were formed at 0.005% gta. these products consist of complexes composed essentially of vp1 and vp3. there s ... | 1992 | 1336351 |
| [the determination of the antiviral activity of the sorbent evirkhip (in vitro studies)]. | it was found that "evirkhip" possesses a marked antiviral activity confirmed on a model of enteroviruses (coxsackie). the authors also studied the resistance to the drug in the chain: eukaryotic cell-viral particle-prokaryotic cell. the resistance decreased with the shift to right. | 1992 | 1336633 |
| [maternal viral infections as a fetal risk factor]. | after a review of the literature reports from recent years viral infections in pregnant women are presented as a fetal and neonatal risk factor. maternal infections with rubella virus, cytomegalovirus++, hepatitis, coxsackie b, varicella, herpes, poliomyelitis, parvovirus b19 and hiv are discussed stressing their unfavourable effect on the developing embryo, fetus or newborn. | 1992 | 1336911 |
| enteroviral meningitis. diagnostic methods and aspects on the distinction from bacterial meningitis. | | 1992 | 1336894 |
| detection of viral rna in experimental coxsackievirus b3 myocarditis of mice using the polymerase chain reaction. | the presence of the viral rna in the myocardium in experimental coxsackievirus b3 myocarditis of mice was investigated using the polymerase chain reaction (pcr). four-week-old c3h/he mice (n = 35) were inoculated with coxsackievirus b3 (nancy strain, 10(5) plaque-forming units/mouse). we used a pair of primers, which encompass a part of the 5' end sequence of the coxsackievirus b3 genome and can also detect many enteroviral rnas. we found that hearts were positive for the viral rna from 2 to 21 ... | 1992 | 1337265 |
| [chronic fatigue syndrome and virus infection: human herpesvirus 6 (hhv-6) infection]. | chronic fatigue syndrome (cfs) is newly-recognized disease characterized by chronic and debilitating fatigue. it has been suggested that viral infection may be involved in this syndrome from the results of clinical examination, including increased activity of 2',5'-synthetase in leukocytes of patients. the following viruses have been reported as etiologic agents of this disease. first, many studies have found elevated levels of igg to viral capsid antigen and early antigens to epstein-barr virus ... | 1992 | 1337558 |