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hantaan virus triggers tlr3-dependent innate immune responses.immediately after viral infection, innate responses including expression of ifn-alpha/beta and ifn-stimulated genes (isgs) are elicited ubiquitously by recruitment of specific pathogen recognition receptors. the velocity to induce ifn-alpha/beta and isgs in response to an infection is often decisive for virulence. interestingly, in primary endothelial cells isgs are induced later by hantaviruses pathogenic to humans than those considered to be nonpathogenic or of low virulence. here we demonstra ...200919234180
[construction of a recombinant adenovirus carrying the hantaan virus glycoprotein g2 gene and its expression in hela cells].we constructed the recombinant adenovirus expressing the glycoprotein g2 of hantaan virus. firstly we obtained coding gene fragment of g2 by pcr, and subsequently inserted the gene of interest into the adenoviral pshuttle vector pad5-cmv. then we co-transfected the recombinant pshuttle vector and adenovirus skeleton plasmid into hek293 cells by calcium phosphate precipitation method. after the recombinant adenovirus were packaged and amplified in hek293 cells, we observed the expression of repor ...200920112705
perspectives on scrub typhus, tick-borne pathogens, and hantavirus in the republic of korea. 200920088033
crossing borders in health communication research: toward an ecological understanding of context, complexity, and consequences in community-based health education in the u.s.-mexico borderlands.in the past 15 years, researchers in health information dissemination have made significant strides in addressing context, complexity, and consequences (sharf's "3 cs") in theory, research, and praxis. the goal of integrating the 3 cs in this field, however, remains a challenge. in this article, the authors present 6 principles of a postmodern ecological approach to health information dissemination that attempts such integration. the authors outline proposed principles and use a multiyear, inter ...200920183369
hantavirus pulmonary syndrome in five pediatric patients - four states, 2009.hantavirus pulmonary syndrome (hps) is a reportable infectious disease with a high case-fatality rate, transmitted to humans by exposure to rodents. each year, 20--40 cases of hps occur in the united states; cases in persons aged <17 years make up fewer than 7% of those cases, and cases in children aged <10 years are exceptionally rare. cdc received reports of five pediatric cases of hps occurring during may 16--november 25, 2009, among children aged 6--14 years from arizona, california, colorad ...200920032925
epidemiological study of hantavirus infection in the samara region of european russia.european russia is a highly endemic area of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (hfrs), a rodent-borne zoonotic disease, caused by hantaviruses. in total, 145 small mammals of four species (myodes glareolus, apodemus flavicollis, a. agrarius, and a. uralensis) were trapped in the samara region of european russia in august 2005 and examined for the presence of hantavirus (hv). anti-hv antibodies were found in six of 68 (8.8%) m. glareolus and in one of 19 (5.3%) a. flavicollis by indirect immun ...200920046023
[geographic expansion of hantavirus pulmonary syndrome in argentina. the southernest case report].since 1995 more than 1000 cases of hantavirus pulmonary syndrome (hps) were reported in argentina, a severe disease and often fatal to humans. most cases were associated with andes virus (and) that caused few events of person-to-person transmission. several lineages of pathogenic and viruses have been described, including and south, hosted by the rodent oligoryzomys longicaudatus which affects the patagonian region of argentina and chile. we studied the clinical and epidemiological characteristi ...200920053606
dobrava-belgrade virus spillover infections, germany.we present the molecular identification of apodemus agrarius (striped field mouse) as reservoir host of the dobrava-belgrade virus (dobv) lineage dobv-aa in 3 federal states of germany. phylogenetic analyses provided evidence for multiple spillover of dobv-aa to a. flavicollis, a crucial prerequisite for host switch and genetic reassortment.200919961690
hsp70 induced by hantavirus infection interacts with viral nucleocapsid protein and its overexpression suppresses virus infection in vero e6 cells.hantavirus (htv) infection is known to induce innate cellular response, a more specified cellular response in the host cells. however, whether it stimulates synthesis of stress proteins, particularly associations of viral proteins, is entirely unknown. the primary focus of this research is using vero e6 cells infected with hantaan 76-118 (htnv) as an in vitro infection model to examine the individual contribution of htv infection to heat shock response. this study shows that htnv infection rapid ...200919956449
sympatry of 2 hantavirus strains, paraguay, 2003-2007.to explore geographic and host-taxonomic patterns of hantaviruses in paraguay, we established sampling sites in the mbaracayu biosphere reserve. we detected jabora virus and itapua37/juquitiba-related virus in locations approximately 20 m apart in different years, which suggested sympatry of 2 distinct hantaviruses.200919961679
cross-sectional survey of hantavirus infection, brazil.a cross-sectional serosurvey was conducted to assess the proportion of persons exposed to hantaviruses in a virus-endemic area of the state of minas gerais, brazil. findings of this study suggested the presence of > or =1 hantaviruses circulating in this region causing hantavirus pulmonary syndrome, mild disease, or asymptomatic infection.200919961680
[association of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome and hla-drb allele polymorphisms in han nationality, hubei province.].to understand the association of human leukocyte antigen (hla)-drb polymorphism and patients diagnosed as hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (hfrs).200920193583
hantavirus regulation of endothelial cell functions.hantaviruses cause two vascular permeability-based diseases and primarily infect endothelial cells which form the primary fluid barrier of the vasculature. since hantavirus infections are not lytic, the mechanisms by which hantaviruses cause haemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (hfrs) or hantavirus pulmonary syndrome (hps) are indeterminate. hps is associated with acute pulmonary oedema and hfrs with moderate haemorrhage and renal sequelae, perhaps reflecting the location of vast microvascular ...200919967132
[thrombocytopenia and acute kidney injury].a 31-year old man is addressed to the emergency department for fever, abdominal pain and vomiting. laboratory tests reveal an inflammatory syndrome, thrombocytopenia, acute kidney injury associated with major proteinuria (more than 3 g/24 h). evaluation will conclude to an acute interstitial nephritis and the serology is positive for hantavirus. this clinical case illustrates differential diagnosis of acute renal failure and reminds the theory of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome : usual cli ...200919998799
[from mice to men: the threat of hantavirus infections].hantaviruses are naturally hosted by small mammals. virus transmission to humans can result in the development of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (asia, europe) or hantavirus cardiopulmonary syndrome (the americas). certain hantaviruses can cause life-treatening infections with case fatality indices up to about 50%. different virus types have evolved which use different species of small mammals (mainly but not exclusively rodent species) as natural reservoirs. it is still unknown why these ...200919999378
molecular diagnostics of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome during a dobrava virus infection outbreak in the european part of russia.a large outbreak of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (hfrs) occurred in the winter of 2006-2007 in a region southeast of moscow in central european russia. of the 422 patients with hfrs investigated in this study, 58 patients were found to be infected by puumala virus, whereas as many as 364 were infected by dobrava-belgrade virus (dobv). early serum samples from 10 dobv-infected patients were used for nucleic acid amplification, which was successful for 5 patients. molecular analyses demon ...200919828747
[genotyping and sequence analysis on g2 segment of hantavirus carried by rat in hebei province].to know the genotype and subtype of hantavirus (hv) carried by host animals in hfrs natural epidemic area of hebei province.200920104766
identification of oligopeptides mimicking the receptor-binding domain of hantaan virus envelope glycoprotein from a phage-displayed peptide library.attachment of enveloped viruses to cells is triggered by the receptor-binding domain (rbd) on envelope glycoproteins (gp) binding to receptors located on the cell surface. to date, recognized receptors and rbd of hantaan virus (htnv) have not been exactly defined. in this study, one monoclonal antibody (mab) 3g1 possessing high neutralizing activity, which is directed against htnv envelope glycoprotein g2, was used to determine the crucial motif of rbd. peptide ligands binding to mab 3g1 were se ...200919767836
complete nucleotide sequence of four rna segments of fig mosaic virus.the complete sequence of four viral rna segments of fig mosaic virus (fmv) was determined. each of the four rnas comprises a single open reading frame (orf) 7,093, 2,252, 1,490 and 1,472 nucleotides in size, respectively. these orfs encode the following proteins in the order: rna-dependent rna polymerase (p1 264 kda), a putative glycoprotein (p2 73 kda), a putative nucleocapsid protein (p3 35 kda) and a protein with unknown function (p4 40.5 kda). all rna segments possess untranslated regions co ...200919777155
[comparison on the difference of virulence between hantaan virus and seoul virus isolated both from rattus norvegicus].comparing the difference of virulence between the strain cgrn5310 (htnv) and the strain hr54 (seov) isolated both from rattus norvegicus.200920193387
[complete sequence of the m segment of amur virus in rodent from china].to study the complete sequence of m segment of amur virus in rodents and to explore their molecular characteristics.200920193388
[rare case of crimean haemorrhagic fever in a pregnant woman].a rare case of crimean haemorrhagic fever in a pregnant woman during the sixth month of gestation is described. the typical clinical course of the disease is present with positive anamnesis and visible locus from tick bite. after several days, fever and local lymphadenitis appear, followed by severe toxicoinfectious and haemorrhagic syndromes. the disease is proved virologically and serologically. the outcome is favourable for the pregnant woman. she is discharged home after 16-day hospital trea ...200920198776
an experimental test of factors attracting deer mice into buildings.deer mice (peromyscus maniculatus) are the principal reservoir host of sin nombre virus (snv). deer mice use a wide variety of habitats including peridomestic settings in and around human dwellings, their presence in and around homes has been implicated as a risk factor for acquiring hantavirus pulmonary syndrome. deer mice are believed to enter buildings in order to gain access to a variety of resources including food, bedding material, and better thermal microclimates. however, no one has expe ...200920628475
simultaneous detection of cdc category "a" dna and rna bioterrorism agents by use of multiplex pcr & rt-pcr enzyme hybridization assays.assays to simultaneously detect multiple potential agents of bioterrorism are limited. two multiplex pcr and rt-pcr enzyme hybridization assays (mpcr-eha, mrt-pcr-eha) were developed to simultaneously detect many of the cdc category "a" bioterrorism agents. the "bio t" dna assay was developed to detect: variola major (vm), bacillus anthracis (ba), yersinia pestis (yp), francisella tularensis (ft) and varicella zoster virus (vzv). the "bio t" rna assay (mrt-pcr-eha) was developed to detect: ebola ...200920224751
bayou virus detected in non-oryzomyine rodent hosts: an assessment of habitat composition, reservoir community structure, and marsh rice rat social dynamics.in the united states, bayou virus (bayv) ranks second only to sin nombre virus (snv) in terms of hantavirus pulmonary syndrome (hps) incidents, having been confirmed in cases from texas and louisiana since its discovery in 1994. this study on bayv infection among sympatric, non-oryzomyine rodents ("spillover") in freeport, tx, is the first to link patterns of hantavirus interspecific spillover with the spatiotemporal ecology of the primary host (marsh rice rat, oryzomys palustris). mark-recaptur ...200920836801
microhabitat characteristics of akodon montensis, a reservoir for hantavirus, and hantaviral seroprevalence in an atlantic forest site in eastern paraguay.hantaviruses may cause serious disease when transmitted to humans by their rodent hosts. since their emergence in the americas in 1993, there have been extensive efforts to understand the role of environmental factors on the presence of these viruses in their host rodent populations. hps outbreaks have been linked to precipitation, but climatic factors alone have not been sufficient to predict the spatial-temporal dynamics of the environment-reservoir-virus system. using a series of mark-recaptu ...200920836810
[expression of partial s gene of hantavirus z10 in pichia pastoris].the purpose of this study is to express partial s gene of hantavirus z10.200920718348
the occurrence of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome in southern parts of bosnia and herzegovina.bosnia and herzegovina (b&h) has been known as an endemic region for hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (hfrs) for over 50 years. multiple epidemics of this disease have been registered so far, especially in endemic parts of central and northeastern bosnia, as well as the sarajevo region. seroepidemiological investigations demonstrate naturalization of hantaviruses and their wide spread in b&h. however, there are no studies from the southern areas of b&h, and endemic foci of this disease are ...200920120399
hantavirus disease (nephropathia epidemica) in belgium: effects of tree seed production and climate.recently, human cases of nephropathia epidemica (ne) due to puumala virus infection in europe have increased. following the hypothesis that high reservoir host abundance induces higher transmission rates to humans, explanations for this altered epidemiology must be sought in factors that cause bank vole (myodes glareolus) abundance peaks. in western europe, these abundance peaks are often related to high tree seed production, which is supposedly triggered by specific weather conditions. we evalu ...200918606026
bovine and human-derived passive immunization could help slow a future avian influenza pandemic.an epidemic of human transmitted avian influenza could have casualties on a scale seen in the great spanish influenza pandemic of 1918. this paper proposes that should such occur before effective vaccines and antiviral drugs are available, the outbreak could be significantly slowed by consumption of raw milk produced by herds of pathogen-free lactating cows intranasally inoculated with heat-sterilized sputa pooled from avian influenza patients, supplemented by parenteral serum immune globulin fr ...200918824305
hantavirus evolution in relation to its rodent and insectivore hosts: no evidence for codivergence.hantaviruses are considered one of the best examples of a long-term association between rna viruses and their hosts. based on the appearance of strong host specificity, it has been suggested that hantaviruses cospeciated with the rodents and insectivores they infect since these mammals last shared a common ancestor, approximately 100 million years ago. we tested this hypothesis of host-virus codivergence in two ways: 1) we used cophylogenetic reconciliation analysis to assess the fit of the viru ...200918922760
corticosteroids modulate seoul virus infection, regulatory t-cell responses and matrix metalloprotease 9 expression in male, but not female, norway rats.human hantaviral disease is mediated by excessive proinflammatory and cd8+ t-cell responses, which can be alleviated by administration of corticosteroids. in contrast with humans, male rats that are infected with their species-specific hantavirus, seoul virus (seov), have reduced proinflammatory and elevated regulatory t-cell responses in tissues where virus persists. to determine the effects of glucocorticoids on seov persistence and immune responses during infection, male and female norway rat ...200818931068
natural host relationships and genetic diversity of rodent-associated hantaviruses in southeastern brazil.hantaviruses are rodent-borne rna viruses that have caused hantavirus cardiopulmonary syndrome in several brazilian regions. in the present study, geographical distribution, seroprevalence, natural host range, and phylogenetic relations of rodent-associated hantaviruses collected from seven counties of southeastern brazil were evaluated.200819001829
[zoonoses transmitted by mouse and rat maintained as laboratory or pet animals].large numbers of mice (mus spp.) and rats (rattus spp.) are maintained for scientific reasons and as pet animals in germany. while laboratory animals are monitored for pathogenic agents, the hygienic status of pet animals is usually completely unknown. despite great efforts, zoonotic infections were reported even in laboratory settings, e.g. with hantavirus (seoul virus), streptobacillus moniliformis, and trichphyton mentagrophytes. however, in current reports, zoonotic infections were transmitt ...200818712260
pathology of puumala hantavirus infection in macaques.hantaviruses are globally important human pathogens that cause hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome and hantavirus pulmonary syndrome. capillary leakage is central to hantaviral diseases, but how it develops, has remained unknown. it has been hypothesized that the pathogenesis of hantavirus infection would be a complex interplay between direct viral effects and immunopathological mechanisms. both of these were studied in the so far best model of mild hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome, i.e. ...200818716663
network "rodent-borne pathogens" in germany: longitudinal studies on the geographical distribution and prevalence of hantavirus infections.hantavirus infections are known in germany since the 1980s. while the overall antibody prevalence against hantaviruses in the general human population was estimated to be about 1-2%, an average of 100-200 clinical cases are recorded annually. in the years 2005 and 2007 in particular, a large increase of the number of human hantavirus infections in germany was observed. the most affected regions were located in the federal states of baden-wuerttemberg, bavaria, north rhine westphalia, and lower s ...200819030894
expression of a hantavirus n protein and its efficacy as antigen in immune assays.hantavirus cardiopulmonary syndrome (hcps) has been recognized as an important public heath problem. five hantaviruses associated with hcps are currently known in brazil: juquitiba, araraquara, laguna negra-like, castelo dos sonhos, and anajatuba viruses. the laboratory diagnosis of hcps is routinely carried out by the detection of anti-hantavirus igm and/or igg antibodies. the present study describes the expression of the n protein of a hantavirus detected in the blood sample of an hcps patient ...200818719741
oligomerization of hantaviral nucleocapsid protein: charged residues in the n-terminal coiled-coil domain contribute to intermolecular interactions.the nucleocapsid (n) protein of hantaviruses (family bunyaviridae) is the most abundant component of the virion; it encapsidates genomic rna segments and participates in viral genome transcription and replication, as well as in virus assembly. during rna encapsidation, the n protein forms intermediate trimers and then oligomers via 'head-to-head, tail-to-tail' interactions. in previous work, using tula hantavirus (tulv) n protein as a model, it was demonstrated that an intact coiled-coil structu ...200818753226
[the reactivity of sera from hemorrhagic fever in patients with renal syndromes to the recombination nucleotide proteins from european hantaviruses in hubei province].five yeast-expressed recombination nucleotide proteins of european hantaviruses were prepared as coated antigens to detect hantavirus-specific antibodies in sera from hemorrhagic fever with renal syndromes (hfrs) in hubei province, through elisa assay. the relativity among hantaviruses prevailing in different areas was investigated.200819040041
vector-borne diseases threaten europe. 200818754168
development of a serotyping elisa system for thailand virus infection.to distinguish thailand virus infection from infections with other hantaviruses, we established an elisa serotyping system using a truncated nucleocapsid protein of thailand virus lacking 49 amino acids at the n-terminus. in evaluations using patient and rodent sera, thailand virus infection was readily distinguished from hantaan and seoul virus infections. therefore, this elisa system is an effective alternative to neutralization tests.200818551243
accumulation of point mutations and reassortment of genomic rna segments are involved in the microevolution of puumala hantavirus in a bank vole (myodes glareolus) population.the genetic diversity of puumala hantavirus (puuv) was studied in a local population of its natural host, the bank vole (myodes glareolus). the trapping area (2.5 x 2.5 km) at konnevesi, central finland, included 14 trapping sites, at least 500 m apart; altogether, 147 voles were captured during may and october 2005. partial sequences of the s, m and l viral genome segments were recovered from 40 animals. seven, 12 and 17 variants were detected for the s, m and l sequences, respectively; these r ...200818559935
the ny-1 hantavirus gn cytoplasmic tail coprecipitates traf3 and inhibits cellular interferon responses by disrupting tbk1-traf3 complex formation.pathogenic hantaviruses replicate within human endothelial cells and cause two diseases, hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome and hantavirus pulmonary syndrome. in order to replicate in endothelial cells pathogenic hantaviruses inhibit the early induction of beta interferon (ifn-beta). expression of the cytoplasmic tail of the pathogenic ny-1 hantavirus gn protein is sufficient to inhibit rig-i- and tbk1-directed ifn responses. the formation of tbk1-traf3 complexes directs irf-3 phosphorylation ...200818614628
[study on the molecular epidemiology of hantavirus carried by rodent hosts in cixi, zhejiang province].to collect more data on the epidemiology of hantavirus in rodents in cixi, zhejiang province.200818843995
[study on the molecular characteristic of natural infection of rodents with hantaviruses in shenzhen city].in order to investigate hantavirus (hv) infection of captured rodents and to understand the genotypes and the molecular characteristic of hantaviruses in shenzhen.200818844081
cross-reactive and serospecific epitopes of nucleocapsid proteins of three hantaviruses: prospects for new diagnostic tools.the diagnosis of infectious diseases is sometimes difficult because of extensive immunological cross-reactivity between related viral antigens. on the path of constructing sero-specific antigens, we have identified residues involved in sero-specific and cross-reactive recognition of the nucleocapsid proteins (nps) of puumala virus (puuv), seoul virus (seov), and sin nombre virus (snv) using serum samples from 17 nephropathia epidemica patients. the mapping was performed by enzyme-linked immunoso ...200818620010
lack of vertical transmission of hantaan virus from persistently infected dam to progeny in laboratory mice.it is unclear how the hantaviruses are transferred from infected to uninfected rodents. we studied the status of persistently infected laboratory mice and examined the frequency of viral transmission to their offspring. expression of hantaan virus nucleocapsid protein was detected in the lungs of persistently infected dams. none of the progeny displayed viral antigen, although they were strongly positive for igg antibodies against hantavirus. there was neither hantavirus rna nor virus-specific i ...200818612586
genetic analysis of hantaviruses carried by reed voles microtus fortis in china.to gain more insights into the epidemiology of hantaviruses in china, the hantaviral s, m and l segment sequences were recovered from two microtus fortis captured in shenyang and four m. fortis trapped in yuanjiang in china. genetic analysis revealed that shenyang sequences are closely related to the sequences of fusong strains of vladivostok virus (vlav). interestingly, the complete s segment and partial l segment sequences from yuanjiang were quite distinct from those of shenyang and fusong st ...200818644410
hantavirus nephropathy.pathogenic rodent-borne hantaviruses cause in humans generalized infections that involve the peripheral vascular bed and severely affect their permeability. we describe a 30-yr-old male patient with clinical symptoms characterizing five conventional phases of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome after an uncommonly severe hantavirus infection with the puumala strain. renal biopsy in this situation typically demonstrates acute hemorrhagic interstitial nephritis, particularly pronounced in the ou ...200818650483
[the hantaviruses causing hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome and pulmonary syndrome].the goal of this review is to provide basic information on hantaviruses as causative agents of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (hfrs) and hantavirus pulmonary syndrome (hps), two zoonotic diseases widely distributed in asia/europe, and the american continent, respectively. hantaviruses are rodent-borne and transmitted to humans by direct contact with infected rodents or their secretions (urine, feces and saliva). both, hfrs and hps share some clinical aspects, however, hemorrhage and renal ...200818670726
[first case of nephropathia epidemica acquired in switzerland].a 43 year healthy old man complains of fever with abdominal pain, vomiting, diarrhoea, followed by the development of thrombocytopenia and acute renal failure. the laboratory tests show the presence of hantavirus specific igm and igg which is confirmed by a specific test revealing puumala serotype as responsible. the patient received a symptomatic treatment with a favourable evolution allowing discharge about ten days after the beginning of symptoms. hantavirus are transmitted by rodents, and th ...200818672548
puumala hantavirus excretion kinetics in bank voles (myodes glareolus).puumala hantavirus is present in bank voles (myodes glareolus) and is believed to be spread mainly by contaminated excretions. in this study, we subcutaneously inoculated 10 bank voles with puumala virus and sampled excretions until day 133 postinfection. levels of shed viral rna peaked within 11-28, 14-21, and 11-28 days postinfection for saliva, urine, and feces, respectively. the latest detection of viral rna was 84, 44, and 44 days postinfection in saliva, urine, and feces, respectively. in ...200818680643
molecular phylogeny of a newfound hantavirus in the japanese shrew mole (urotrichus talpoides).recent molecular evidence of genetically distinct hantaviruses in shrews, captured in widely separated geographical regions, corroborates decades-old reports of hantavirus antigens in shrew tissues. apart from challenging the conventional view that rodents are the principal reservoir hosts, the recently identified soricid-borne hantaviruses raise the possibility that other soricomorphs, notably talpids, similarly harbor hantaviruses. in analyzing rna extracts from lung tissues of the japanese sh ...200818854415
role of mixed th1 and th2 serum cytokines on pathogenesis and prognosis of hantavirus pulmonary syndrome.the hantavirus pulmonary syndrome (hps) is an emerging syndrome in the americas. the disease results from intense immune activation and changes in vascular permeability. the aim of this study was to determine the profile of serum cytokines in hps patients looking for correlation with the clinical parameters, severity and outcome of illness. studying 21 hps patients, we found that il-6 may have an important role in the pathogenesis of hps, being associated with fatal outcome. our results also sup ...200818606242
genetic characterization of hantaviruses isolated from guizhou, china: evidence for spillover and reassortment in nature.to gain more insights into the epidemiology of hantaviruses in the guizhou province, china, rodents were captured in guizhou during the period from 2001 to 2003. in addition, serum sample was collected from one patient. virus isolation was attempted from human serum and rodent samples. four hantaviruses were isolated successfully in cell culture from one human, two a. agrarius, and one r. norvegicus. the nucleotide sequences for the entire s and m and partial l segment were determined from these ...200818428127
[hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome coursing with neurologic symptomatology].at present it is known 2 forms of hantavirus infections in humans: hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (hfrs) induced by viruses hantaan, seoul, puumala and dobrava/belgrade; and hantaviral pulmonary syndrome, induced by sin nombre et al. a case of hrfs, induced by hantavirus dobrava, is described. features of this case are developed neurological manifestations against the background of renal pathology, and difficulties of clinical and laboratory diagnostics in practice.200818441710
seroprevalence against sin nombre virus in resident and dispersing deer mice.through dispersal, deer mice (peromyscus maniculatus) enter peridomestic settings (e.g., outbuildings, barns, cabins) and expose humans and other deer mouse populations to sin nombre virus (snv). in june 2004, research on deer mouse dispersal was initiated at 2 locations in montana. during the course of the study, over 6000 deer mouse movements were recorded, and more than 1000 of these movements were classified as dispersal movements. more than 1700 individual deer mice were captured and tested ...200818447620
[detection of a new natural virus focus dobrava in the astrakhan region].a natural focus of dobrava hantavirus was first revealed in an arid zone of the astrakhan region, by using molecular genetic methods. a polymerase chain reaction was employed to examine 389 lung tissue suspension samples taken from 9 species. hantavirus rna was found in 35 samples from 22 field mice (apodemus agrarius), 8 tamarisk gerbils (meriones temariscinus), 4 common voles (microtus arvalis), and 1 house mouse (mus musculus). sequencing determined the taxonomic affiliation of 18 new isolate ...200818450108
[climatic aspects in hantavirus transmission areas in são paulo state, brazil].the objective of this study was to investigate the spatial distribution of reported hantavirus cases in são paulo state, brazil (n = 80), from 1993 to 2005 and identify local climatic patterns during this period. kernel point estimation of density was used to show the highest concentrations in ribeirão preto, são carlos, franca, tupi paulista, and greater são paulo. increase in the number of cases during this period suggests disease dissemination even when considering increased diagnostic capaci ...200818461243
how to diagnose hantavirus infections and detect them in rodents and insectivores.hantaviruses are carried by rodents and insectivores in which they cause persistent and generally asymptomatic infections. several hantaviruses can infect humans and many of them cause either haemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (hfrs) in eurasia or hantavirus cardiopulmonary syndrome (hcps) in the americas. in humans hantavirus infections are diagnosed using igm-capture tests but also by rt-pcr detection of viral rna. for detection of hantavirus infections in rodents and insectivores, serolog ...200818464294
[immunogenicity of n-protein of puumala hantavirus for noninbred mice in the intramuscular administration of its gene dna].the outbreaks of hantavirus infections in some regions of the russian federation in some years involve considerable material and social losses. in this connection, the designing of the most effective types of vaccines is an urgent task. the authors have created plasmid constructions containing the gene of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome virus, with whose intramuscular injection there is a specific immune response and plasmid dna is detectable in the adjacent tissues within a month after in ...200818756816
juquitiba-like hantavirus from 2 nonrelated rodent species, uruguay.serologic and genetic analyses indicate that a juquitiba-like hantavirus circulates in maldonado, uruguay. this virus is carried by 2 rodent species, oligoryzomys nigripes and oxymycterus nasutus. the same hantavirus in 2 nonrelated species can be explained by a spillover infection or a host-switching event.200818760017
[zoonoses with wildlife reservoirs: a threat to public health and the economy].the world is experiencing an increase in emergent infections as a result of anthropogenic changes of the biosphere and globalization. global warming unrestricted exploitation of natural resources such as forests and fisheries, urbanization, human migration, and industrialization of animal husbandry cause environmental destruction and fragmentation. these changes of the biosphere favor local emergence of zoonoses from their natural biotopes and their interaction with domestic animals and human po ...200818575667
development of an elisa to detect sin nombre virus-specific igm from deer mice (peromyscus maniculatus).peromyscus maniculatus (deer mouse) is the primary reservoir for sin nombre virus (snv). although the presence of igg antibodies is often used as a marker of infection, it provides little information on active infections in a population but usually is an indicator of past infections. the presence of igm antibodies is a much better marker for determining whether active infections are present in a population. a mu-capture snv-specific igm enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) was developed. fr ...200818586333
bench-to-bedside review: rare and common viral infections in the intensive care unit--linking pathophysiology to clinical presentation.viral infections are common causes of respiratory tract disease in the outpatient setting but much less common in the intensive care unit. however, a finite number of viral agents cause respiratory tract disease in the intensive care unit. some viruses, such as influenza, respiratory syncytial virus (rsv), cytomegalovirus (cmv), and varicella-zoster virus (vzv), are relatively common. others, such as adenovirus, severe acute respiratory syndrome (sars)-coronavirus, hantavirus, and the viral hemo ...200818671826
[inhibiting effects of fucoidans on hantaan virus adsorption on a model of peritoneal macrophages in vitro].a model of peritoneal macrophages was used to study the effect of fucoidans from brown seaweeds on the adsorption of hantaan virus. fucoidans were found to have antiviral activity, but to differ in the inhibition of hantavirus adsorption, which was associated with their structural features. the mechanism of their action is assumed to be shown via ligand-receptor interaction with certain cell membrane receptors and via blockage of hantavirus glycoproteins (g1 and g2), resulting in adsorption inhi ...200818590128
a serosurvey for hantavirus infection in wild rodents from the states of rio de janeiro and pernambuco, brazil.sera from 269 rodents obtained during the routine surveillance operations in plague areas of rio de janeiro and pernambuco states, brazil were tested by elisa for specific igg antibodies against a recombinant nucleocapsid (n) protein of araraquara hantavirus. elisa-positive sera were submitted to reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (rt-pcr) for amplification of the virus genome and later sequencing for identification of the viral variant. the samples from the state of pernambuco were ...200818619568
[nephropathia epidemica as the result of a puumala virus infection in a pregnant patient].a 29-year-old woman in the early stage of pregnancy ( approximately 6 (th) week) presented in our hospital with influenza-like symptoms of fever, headache, aching limbs and tenderness over the costovertebral angle. acute oliguric renal failure occurred within a few days.200818770481
heat shock protein 70 fused to or complexed with hantavirus nucleocapsid protein significantly enhances specific humoral and cellular immune responses in c57bl/6 mice.heat shock proteins (hsps) are known to act as an effective molecular adjuvant to enhance the induction of antigen peptide-specific cellular immunity, when coupled with the antigen or peptide. hantaan virus (htnv) nucleocapsid protein (np) is relatively conserved among hantaviruses and highly immunogenic in both animals and humans. to analyze the influence of hsp70 on np vaccine potency, and evaluate the possibility of developing a novel effective vaccine against hantaviruses, we constructed pro ...200818479786
hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome in montenegro.the objective of the study was to analyze the epidemiological features of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (hfrs) in montenegro. the study included 169 cases of hfrs diagnosed in the period between 1995 and 2005 according to the clinical symptoms and serological confirmation. for the analysis of the demographic characteristics of the cases, as well as of the chronological and topographical features of the disease, a descriptive epidemiological method was employed. the average incidence rate ...200818806348
[3 cases of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome morbidity].viral origin of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (hfrs) is known since 40th years of last century. also it is known that contamination of person is performed mainly by air pollution way. we observed a focus with 3 hfrs cases (with laboratory confirmation--antibodies to hfrs hantavirus were found) in one family with one lethal outcome. contamination of patients occurred by air pollution way during stocking vegetables contaminated with rodent's excrements. lethal outcome was stipulated by inc ...200818494292
[hantavirus infections].hantaviruses are enveloped single-stranded ribonucleic acid (rna) viruses that belong to the family bunyaviridae. they are widely distributed and maintained in populations of specific insectivores or rodent host species (mice or rats). in their natural host, hantaviruses develop persistent and asymptomatic infections with lifelong virus shedding in excreta. transmission to humans occurs via direct contact with faeces, urine and saliva of infected rodents, in particular by inhaling virus contamin ...200818497244
[myocardial infarction-like electrocardiogram in acute hantavirus infection. suspected secondary peri-myocarditis].a 19-year-old man was admitted to our hospital because of fever and exhaustion. during his hospital stay he had pain in the back and flanks.200818509800
[fever, nosebleeding and myalgic abdominal pain].a 38 year old patient presented with fever, myalgic abdominal pain, nose bleeding and acute renal failure since five days. a combination of thrombocytopenia, proteinuria, elevated crp and creatinin is common in hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (hfrs) due to hantavirus infection. the benigne form is called nephropathia epidemica. dialysis is infrequently required by patients with the puumala virus. other infection (e.g. malaria, leptospirosis, yellow fever) and systemic diseases (e.g. collag ...200818548800
quasispecies dynamics and fixation of a synonymous mutation in hantavirus transmission.rna-dependent rna polymerases, the key enzymes in replication of rna viruses, have a low fidelity; thus, these viruses replicate as a swarm of mutants termed viral quasispecies. constant generation of new mutations allows rna viruses to adapt swiftly to a novel environment through selection of both pre-existing and de novo-generated genetic variants. here, quasispecies dynamics were studied in vivo in controlled hantavirus transmission from experimentally infected to naïve rodents through infest ...200818420810
acute cardiopulmonary failure in a young man. 200818252925
hantavirus outbreak, germany, 2007. 200818439382
occupational risk of exposure to rodent-borne hantavirus at us forest service facilities in california.hantavirus cardiopulmonary syndrome (hcps) is a frequently fatal viral disease transmitted through rodent secretions and excretions. working around deer mice can increase risk of infection. this study assessed potential risk of hcps at facilities occupied by the us forest service (usfs) in california. in 2004-2005, 18 usfs facilities in eight national forests in california were evaluated for evidence of rodent infestation and circulation of hantavirus. structural deficiencies and evidence of rod ...200818256445
detection of viral bioagents using a shear horizontal surface acoustic wave biosensor.viruses are of high medical and biodefense concern and their detection at concentrations well below the threshold necessary to cause health hazards continues to be a challenge with respect to sensitivity, specificity, and selectivity. ideally, assays for accurate and real time detection of viral agents would not necessitate any pre-processing of the analyte, which would make them applicable for example to bodily fluids (blood, sputum) and man-made as well as naturally occurring bodies of water ( ...200818262781
mechanisms of shock in hantavirus pulmonary syndrome.despite abundant literature on hantavirus, few reports have focused on the shock in hantavirus pulmonary syndrome. this review approaches recent advances that allow us to better understand the pathogenesis of hantavirus pulmonary syndrome shock.200818448975
dobrava virus rna load in patients who have hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome.to asses the role of virus load in the pathogenesis of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome, the serum dobrava virus rna load in 46 patients was measured with a novel quantitative real-time reverse-transcriptase polymerase chain reaction assay and compared to the disease severity. the level of viremia, detected in 26 patients, ranged from 10(2)-10(8) copies/ml of serum. the patients with severe disease had, on average, higher viral rna loads than patients with a milder course of disease (6.15 v ...200818269319
seoul virus in patients and rodents from beijing, china.hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (hfrs) is a significant public health problem with an increasing incidence in beijing, china (report of disease surveillance from the center for disease control and prevention of beijing, china). hantaviruses were detected using rt-pcr method in blood samples of hfrs patients and lung tissues of rodents captured in beijing. phylogenetic analyses of 724bp partial s segment of the hantavirus gene showed that the detected seoul virus (seov) fell into three diff ...200818458321
acute febrile respiratory illness in the icu: reducing disease transmission.acute febrile respiratory illness (fri) leading to respiratory failure is a common reason for admission to the icu. viral pneumonia constitutes a portion of these cases, and often the viral etiology goes undiagnosed. emerging viral infectious diseases such as severe acute respiratory syndrome and avian influenza present with acute fris progressing to respiratory failure and ards. therefore, early recognition of a viral cause of acute fri leading to ards becomes important for protection of health ...200818460521
[epidemiology and laboratories: the missing link on the plans to study and prevent infectious diseases in chile].viral meningitis, hantavirus and vibrio parahaemolyticus infections are used as examples to demonstrate that important shortcomings and limitations exist in chile to study the epidemiology of infectious diseases with modern methods. the lack of a national network of well-connected local and national microbiology laboratories is one of these important shortcomings. the author summarizes the evolution of the systems and institutions that deal with the infectious diseases in the world and in chile.200818273517
prevalence of hantavirus infection in wild rattus norvegicus and r. rattus populations of buenos aires city, argentina.to determine the prevalence of infection with hantaviruses in wild rattus norvegicus and r. rattus populations in areas of buenos aires city.200818291001
puumala hantavirus genetic variability in an endemic region (northern sweden).puumala hantavirus (puuv), naturally harboured and shed by bank voles (myodes [clethrionomys] glareolus), is the etiological agent to nephropathia epidemica (ne), a mild haemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome. both host and virus are found throughout much of the european continent and in northern sweden ne is the second most prevalent serious febrile viral infection after influenza. the reliability of diagnostics by pcr depends on genetic variability for the detection of viral nucleic acids in u ...200818296126
isolation and genetic characterization of hantaviruses carried by microtus voles in china.to gain more insights into hantavirus distribution in china, microtus fortis were caught in jilin province and m. maximowiczii in the inner mongolia autonomous region. hantavirus specific rna was detected by rt-pcr in 3 out of 26 m. fortis and 5 out of 64 m. maximowiczii. two hantaviruses (fusong-mf-682 and yakeshi-mm-59) were isolated successfully in cell culture and their s and m segment nucleotide sequences were determined. phylogenetic analysis of the s and m segment sequences revealed that ...200818297708
[increase in the number of cases of epidemic nephropathy in germany. virological and ecological aspects].epidemic nephropathy (en) is transmitted to humans via rodents. the causative agent of this virus-borne renal disease is the hantavirus puumala. other members of the genus hantavirus cause hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (hfrs) or hantaviral pulmonary syndrome (hps). as with all zoonoses the prevalence of the virus depends on the distribution of the reservoir species. climate changes have direct impact on the number of host animals and influence the incidence of hantaviral infections. a nu ...200818302100
hantavirus causing hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome enters from the apical surface and requires decay-accelerating factor (daf/cd55).the old world hantaviruses, members of the family bunyaviridae, cause hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (hfrs). transmission to humans occurs via inhalation of aerosols contaminated with the excreta of infected rodents. the viral antigen is detectable in dendritic cells, macrophages, lymphocytes, and, most importantly, microvascular endothelial cells. however, the site and detailed mechanism of entry of hfrs-causing hantaviruses in polarized epithelial cells have not yet been defined. theref ...200818305044
characterization of cross-reactive and serotype-specific epitopes on the nucleocapsid proteins of hantaviruses.the hantavirus nucleocapsid (n) protein fulfills several key roles in virus replication and assembly and is the major antigen in humoral immune responses in humans and mice. here we report on epitopes involved in serotype-specific and cross-reactive recognition of the n proteins of hantaviruses using monoclonal antibodies (mabs) against the n proteins of andes virus (andv) and sin nombre virus (snv). the mabs define at least twelve different epitopic patterns which span eight sequences, includin ...200818342973
sex-dependent differences in plasma cytokine responses to hantavirus infection.there are often sex differences in susceptibility to infectious diseases and in level of mortality after infection. these differences probably stem from sex-related abilities to mount proper or unwanted immune responses against an infectious agent. we report that hantavirus-infected female patients show significantly higher plasma levels of interleukin-9 (il-9), fibroblast growth factor 2, and granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor and lower levels of il-8 and gamma interferon-induced ...200818353922
hantaviruses direct endothelial cell permeability by sensitizing cells to the vascular permeability factor vegf, while angiopoietin 1 and sphingosine 1-phosphate inhibit hantavirus-directed permeability.hantaviruses infect human endothelial cells and cause two vascular permeability-based diseases: hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome and hantavirus pulmonary syndrome. hantavirus infection alone does not permeabilize endothelial cell monolayers. however, pathogenic hantaviruses inhibit the function of alphav beta3 integrins on endothelial cells, and hemorrhagic disease and vascular permeability deficits are consequences of dysfunctional beta3 integrins that normally regulate permeabilizing vasc ...200818367532
population, environmental, and community effects on local bank vole (myodes glareolus) puumala virus infection in an area with low human incidence.in this study, the distribution of puumala hantavirus (puuv) infection in local bank vole myodes glareolus populations in an area with low human puuv infection (nephropathia epidemica [ne]) incidence in northern belgium was monitored for 2 consecutive years. bank voles were trapped in preferred habitat and tested for anti-puuv igg. infection data were related to individual bank vole features, population demography, and environmental variables. rare occurrence of puuv infection was found and puuv ...200818370592
multivalent presentation of antihantavirus peptides on nanoparticles enhances infection blockade.viral entry into susceptible host cells typically results from multivalent interactions between viral surface proteins and host entry receptors. in the case of sin nombre virus (snv), a new world hantavirus that causes hantavirus cardiopulmonary syndrome, infection involves the interaction between viral membrane surface glycoproteins and the human integrin alpha(v)beta(3). currently, there are no therapeutic agents available which specifically target snv. to address this problem, we used phage d ...200818391034
[time course of changes in antibodies of various avidity in murine rodents in the epizootic and epidemic processes in hantavirus infection].the paper presents the results of studying the time course of changes in antibodies of varying avidity in murine rodents. the presence of low-avidity antibodies is shown to reflect the status of acute infection in the rodent population and their active viral shedding. a relationship is shown between the detection of low-avidity antibodies in animals in spring and autumn and the rise of endemic hemorrhagic fever (ehf) morbidity. the findings demonstrate it possible to use data on the determinatio ...200818590130
[related substitutions in the small segment of old world hantavirus genome].whether there were related nucleotide substitutions in the s-segments of the genome of tula, puumala, hantaan, dorava/belgrad, and seoul viruses was studied. the significance of the correlations found in nucleotide substitutions was estimated by the level of mutual information. the majority of the correlated changes were synonymous substitutions. the correlations were mostly restricted to non-synonymous substitutions sites: tula 258 (a.a.) and dobrava/belgrad (56 a.a.). in the genome of puumala, ...200818590133
synthesis of 1-beta-d-ribofuranosyl-3-ethynyl-[1,2,4]triazole and its in vitro and in vivo efficacy against hantavirus.there are no fda approved drugs for the treatment of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (hfrs), a serious human illnesses caused by hantaviruses. clinical studies using ribavirin (rbv) to treat hfrs patients suggest that it provides an improved prognosis when given early in the course of disease. given the unique antiviral activity of rbv and the lack of other lead scaffolds, we prepared a diverse series of 3-substituted 1,2,4-triazole-beta-ribosides and identified one with antiviral activity ...200818394724
high rates of molecular evolution in hantaviruses.hantaviruses are rodent-borne bunyaviruses that infect the arvicolinae, murinae, and sigmodontinae subfamilies of muridae. the rate of molecular evolution in the hantaviruses has been previously estimated at approximately 10(-7) nucleotide substitutions per site, per year (substitutions/site/year), based on the assumption of codivergence and hence shared divergence times with their rodent hosts. if substantiated, this would make the hantaviruses among the slowest evolving of all rna viruses. how ...200818417484
dhori virus (orthomyxoviridae: thogotovirus) infection of mice produces a disease and cytokine response pattern similar to that of highly virulent influenza a (h5n1) virus infection in humans.mice infected with dhori virus (dhov) develop a fulminant, systemic, and uniformly fatal illness that has many of the clinical and pathologic findings seen in h5n1 influenza a virus infection. however, the role of host's immune response in dhov infection remains unclear. in this study, the concentrations of 23 inflammatory cytokines and chemokines were measured in the liver, lungs, and sera of mice during the course of dhov infection. liver function, level of viremia, and hematologic response we ...200818385368
passive immunization protects cynomolgus macaques against puumala hantavirus challenge.hantaviruses cause two severe and often fatal human diseases: haemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (hfrs) and hantavirus pulmonary syndrome (hps). presently, there is no effective prevention available for hfrs or hps. here, we studied the effect of passive immunization on the course of infection in cynomolgus macaques challenged with wild-type puumala hantavirus (puuv-wt).200818389907
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