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[epidemiology and laboratories: the missing link on the plans to study and prevent infectious diseases in chile].viral meningitis, hantavirus and vibrio parahaemolyticus infections are used as examples to demonstrate that important shortcomings and limitations exist in chile to study the epidemiology of infectious diseases with modern methods. the lack of a national network of well-connected local and national microbiology laboratories is one of these important shortcomings. the author summarizes the evolution of the systems and institutions that deal with the infectious diseases in the world and in chile.200818273517
prevalence of hantavirus infection in wild rattus norvegicus and r. rattus populations of buenos aires city, argentina.to determine the prevalence of infection with hantaviruses in wild rattus norvegicus and r. rattus populations in areas of buenos aires city.200818291001
puumala hantavirus genetic variability in an endemic region (northern sweden).puumala hantavirus (puuv), naturally harboured and shed by bank voles (myodes [clethrionomys] glareolus), is the etiological agent to nephropathia epidemica (ne), a mild haemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome. both host and virus are found throughout much of the european continent and in northern sweden ne is the second most prevalent serious febrile viral infection after influenza. the reliability of diagnostics by pcr depends on genetic variability for the detection of viral nucleic acids in u ...200818296126
isolation and genetic characterization of hantaviruses carried by microtus voles in china.to gain more insights into hantavirus distribution in china, microtus fortis were caught in jilin province and m. maximowiczii in the inner mongolia autonomous region. hantavirus specific rna was detected by rt-pcr in 3 out of 26 m. fortis and 5 out of 64 m. maximowiczii. two hantaviruses (fusong-mf-682 and yakeshi-mm-59) were isolated successfully in cell culture and their s and m segment nucleotide sequences were determined. phylogenetic analysis of the s and m segment sequences revealed that ...200818297708
[increase in the number of cases of epidemic nephropathy in germany. virological and ecological aspects].epidemic nephropathy (en) is transmitted to humans via rodents. the causative agent of this virus-borne renal disease is the hantavirus puumala. other members of the genus hantavirus cause hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (hfrs) or hantaviral pulmonary syndrome (hps). as with all zoonoses the prevalence of the virus depends on the distribution of the reservoir species. climate changes have direct impact on the number of host animals and influence the incidence of hantaviral infections. a nu ...200818302100
hantavirus causing hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome enters from the apical surface and requires decay-accelerating factor (daf/cd55).the old world hantaviruses, members of the family bunyaviridae, cause hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (hfrs). transmission to humans occurs via inhalation of aerosols contaminated with the excreta of infected rodents. the viral antigen is detectable in dendritic cells, macrophages, lymphocytes, and, most importantly, microvascular endothelial cells. however, the site and detailed mechanism of entry of hfrs-causing hantaviruses in polarized epithelial cells have not yet been defined. theref ...200818305044
a soluble and heat-resistant form of hantavirus nucleocapsid protein for the serodiagnosis of hfrs.hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (hfrs) is a rodent-borne viral zoonosis characterized by fever, hemorrhagic manifestations, and renal disorder. the causative agent of hfrs has been identified as a hantavirus. hantavirus nucleocapsid proteins have recently been shown to be immunodominant antigens in hfrs, inducing an early and long-lasting immune response, and their amino termini are sensitive tools for the detection of specific antibodies in hfrs patient sera. previous work has demonstrate ...200817826847
profiling of external metabolites during production of hantavirus nucleocapsid protein with recombinant saccharomyces cerevisiae.recombinant strains of saccharomyces cerevisiae, producing hantavirus puumala nucleocapsid protein for diagnostics and as a candidate vaccine were analyzed for uptake and excretion of intermediary metabolites during process optimization studies of fed-batch bioreactor cultures. concentrations of glucose, maltose, galactose, pyruvate, acetaldehyde, ethanol, acetate, succinate and formaldehyde (used as a selection agent) were measured in the culture medium in order to find a metabolite pattern, in ...200817985082
seroepidemiological study on hantavirus infections in india.hantaviruses are etiological agents of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome in many parts of asia and europe. there has been no documented case of hantavirus disease from india, although serological evidence exists. we investigated the prevalence of hantavirus in the indian population and tried to identify potential risk groups for hantavirus infections. the presence of hantavirus-specific igg antibodies was prospectively evaluated in 661 subjects belonging to different groups, i.e. patients wi ...200817996913
immune serum produced by dna vaccination protects hamsters against lethal respiratory challenge with andes virus.hantavirus pulmonary syndrome (hps) is a highly pathogenic disease (40% case fatality rate) carried by rodents chronically infected with certain viruses within the genus hantavirus of the family bunyaviridae. the primary mode of transmission to humans is thought to be inhalation of excreta from infected rodents; however, ingestion of contaminated material and rodent bites are also possible modes of transmission. person-to-person transmission of hps caused by one species of hantavirus, andes viru ...200818032485
treatment of hantavirus pulmonary syndrome.viruses in the genus hantavirus can cause one of two serious illnesses when transmitted from rodents to humans: hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (hfrs) or hantavirus pulmonary syndrome (hps). of the two diseases, hps is more severe with an approximate 40% mortality across the americas. the high rate of mortality could be reduced if effective therapeutics could be discovered for treatment of this illness. herein we review approaches being explored for the discovery of therapeutics for hps an ...200818093668
differential regulation of pathogens: the role of habitat disturbance in predicting prevalence of sin nombre virus.deer mice (peromyscus maniculatus) are the primary reservoir for sin nombre virus (snv), a north american hantavirus that causes disease with high mortality in humans. recent studies have proposed that habitat disturbance affects prevalence of snv in deer mice; however, the outcomes proposed in these studies are in opposition to each other. our objectives were to test these divergent hypotheses by: (1) measuring snv infection in deer mice within a patchwork of disturbance; and (2) evaluating the ...200818064494
kinship, dispersal and hantavirus transmission in bank and common voles.hantaviruses are among the main emerging infectious agents in europe. their mode of transmission in natura is still not well known. in particular, social features and behaviours could be crucial for understanding the persistence and the spread of hantaviruses in rodent populations. here, we investigated the importance of kinclustering and dispersal in hantavirus transmission by combining a fine-scale spatiotemporal survey (4 km2) and a population genetics approach. two specific host-hantavirus s ...200818071626
viral genome sequencing by random priming methods.most emerging health threats are of zoonotic origin. for the overwhelming majority, their causative agents are rna viruses which include but are not limited to hiv, influenza, sars, ebola, dengue, and hantavirus. of increasing importance therefore is a better understanding of global viral diversity to enable better surveillance and prediction of pandemic threats; this will require rapid and flexible methods for complete viral genome sequencing.200818179705
hantaviruses: underestimated respiratory viruses? 200818181749
prevalence and genetic diversities of hantaviruses in rodents in beijing, china.a total of 835 rodents captured in beijing, china, were tested for hantavirus infection. fifty-five (6.6%) were positive for viral rna when lung tissue samples were examined by reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction. of 666 sera collected from the above rodents, 50 (7.5%) were positive for igg antibody by elisa. among the 50 seropositive rodents, 37 were positive for viral rna. in addition, five rodents were positive for viral rna but negative for igg antibody. the infection rates among ...200818187791
tula hantavirus isolate with the full-length orf for nonstructural protein nss survives for more consequent passages in interferon-competent cells than the isolate having truncated nss orf.the competitiveness of two tula hantavirus (tulv) isolates, tulv/lodz and tulv/moravia, was evaluated in interferon (ifn) -competent and ifn-deficient cells. the two isolates differ in the length of the open reading frame (orf) encoding the nonstructural protein nss, which has previously been shown to inhibit ifn response in infected cells.200818190677
genetic analysis of hantaviruses carried by myodes and microtus rodents in buryatia.hantavirus genome sequences were recovered from tissue samples of myodes rufocanus, microtus fortis and microtus oeconomus captured in the baikal area of buryatia, russian federation. genetic analysis of s- and m-segment sequences of buryatian hantavirus strains showed that myodes-associated strains belong to hokkaido virus (hokv) type while microtus-associated strains belong to vladivostok virus (vlav) type. on phylogenetic trees buryatian hokv strains were clustered together with m. rufocanus- ...200818190679
association between the dqa mhc class ii gene and puumala virus infection in myodes glareolus, the bank vole.puumala virus (puuv) is a hantavirus specifically harboured by the bank vole, myodes (earlier clethrionomys) glareolus. it causes a mild form of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (hfrs) in humans, called nephropathia epidemica (ne). the clinical severity of ne is variable among patients and depends on their major histocompatibility complex (mhc) genetic background. in this study we investigated the potential role of class ii mhc gene polymorphism in the susceptibility/resistance to puuv in t ...200817693139
effect of predators of juvenile rodents on the spread of the hantavirus epidemic.effects of predators of juvenile mice on the spread of the hantavirus are analyzed in the context of a recently proposed model. two critical values of the predation probability are identified. when the smaller of them is exceeded, the hantavirus infection vanishes without extinguishing the mice population. when the larger is exceeded, the entire mice population vanishes. these results suggest the possibility of control of the spread of the epidemic by introducing predators in areas of mice colon ...200817694347
genetic characterization and phylogeny of a hantavirus from western mexico.hantaviruses can cause two serious illnesses when transmitted from their rodent reservoirs to humans; hantavirus pulmonary syndrome (hps) in the new world and hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome in the old world. cases of hps were first recognized in the americas in small, focal outbreaks in rural populations in the southwestern usa in 1993. since that time, outbreaks as well as sporadic cases of hps have been recognized throughout the americas. remarkably, hps cases have not been reported in ...200817963942
how host population dynamics translate into time-lagged prevalence: an investigation of sin nombre virus in deer mice.human cases of hantavirus pulmonary syndrome caused by sin nombre virus are the endpoint of complex ecological cascade from weather conditions, population dynamics of deer mice, to prevalence of snv in deer mice. using population trajectories from the literature and mathematical modeling, we analyze the time lag between deer mouse population peaks and peaks in snv antibody prevalence in deer mice. because the virus is not transmitted vertically, rapid population growth can lead initially to redu ...200817701378
a protein that replaces the entire cellular eif4f complex.the eif4f cap-binding complex mediates the initiation of cellular mrna translation. eif4f is composed of eif4e, which binds to the mrna cap, eif4g, which indirectly links the mrna cap with the 43s pre-initiation complex, and eif4a, which is a helicase necessary for initiation. viral nucleocapsid proteins (n) function in both genome replication and rna encapsidation. surprisingly, we find that hantavirus n has multiple intrinsic activities that mimic and substitute for each of the three peptides ...200818971945
genomic organization and phylogenetic utility of deer mouse (peromyscus maniculatus) lymphotoxin-alpha and lymphotoxin-beta.deer mice (peromyscus maniculatus) are among the most common mammals in north america and are important reservoirs of several human pathogens, including sin nombre hantavirus (snv). snv can establish a life-long apathogenic infection in deer mice, which can shed virus in excrement for transmission to humans. patients that die from hantavirus cardiopulmonary syndrome (hcps) have been found to express several proinflammatory cytokines, including lymphotoxin (lt), in the lungs. it is thought that t ...200818976466
first genetic detection of tula hantavirus in wild rodents in the netherlands. 200818977537
hantavirus antibodies in rodents and human cases with pulmonary syndrome, rio negro, argentina.in río negro province, argentina, human cases of hantavirus pulmonary syndrome (hps) appeared in the region of subantarctic forests. the andes virus (andv) has been identified in the region both in oligoryzomys longicaudatus rodents and in humans, with the main transmission being from rodents to humans but also showing the possibility of human to human transmission. between 1996 and 2004, in 40 campaigns, 29.960 night-traps for capturing live rodents were set up. blood samples were obtained from ...200818977707
hantavirus cardiopulmonary syndrome: implications for transport management and care.a 14-year-old boy with cardiorespiratory failure was referred for air medical transport. the complexity of care during air medical transport and subsequent diagnosis of hantavirus warranted a post hoc review of the literature to establish optimal transport management criteria.200818992690
natural host relationships and genetic diversity of rodent-associated hantaviruses in southeastern brazil.hantaviruses are rodent-borne rna viruses that have caused hantavirus cardiopulmonary syndrome in several brazilian regions. in the present study, geographical distribution, seroprevalence, natural host range, and phylogenetic relations of rodent-associated hantaviruses collected from seven counties of southeastern brazil were evaluated.200819001829
surveillance of vector-borne diseases in germany: trends and challenges in the view of disease emergence and climate change.the changing epidemiology of vector-borne diseases represents a growing threat to human health. contemporary surveillance systems have to adapt to these changes. we describe temporal trends and geographic origins of vector-borne diseases in germany with regard to strengths of existing disease surveillance and to areas marked for improvement. we focused on hantavirus infection (endemic in germany), chikungunya fever (recently emerging in europe) and dengue fever (imported from tropical regions), ...200819030882
network "rodent-borne pathogens" in germany: longitudinal studies on the geographical distribution and prevalence of hantavirus infections.hantavirus infections are known in germany since the 1980s. while the overall antibody prevalence against hantaviruses in the general human population was estimated to be about 1-2%, an average of 100-200 clinical cases are recorded annually. in the years 2005 and 2007 in particular, a large increase of the number of human hantavirus infections in germany was observed. the most affected regions were located in the federal states of baden-wuerttemberg, bavaria, north rhine westphalia, and lower s ...200819030894
emergence of hantavirus in south germany: rodents, climate and human infections.human hantavirus (serotype puumala) infections are prevalent throughout europe. the bank vole is the main reservoir of the puumala virus (puuv). between 2001 and 2006, the annual incidences in germany ranged from 0.1 to 0.5 per 100,000 inhabitants. about half of the cases were reported from the state of baden-württemberg (bw) in southwest germany. in 2007, 1,089 puuv infections were reported from bw. this reflects an incidence of 10.1:100,000, which is more than 11 times higher than the mean inc ...200819030895
[hantavirus mucosal vaccine through different mucosal with heat-labile enterotoxin b subunit as adjuvants].to evaluation the effect of different mucosal vaccination pathway on hantavirus with the recombinant e. coli heat-labile enterotoxin b subunit (rltb) as adjuvant.200819031694
[the reactivity of sera from hemorrhagic fever in patients with renal syndromes to the recombination nucleotide proteins from european hantaviruses in hubei province].five yeast-expressed recombination nucleotide proteins of european hantaviruses were prepared as coated antigens to detect hantavirus-specific antibodies in sera from hemorrhagic fever with renal syndromes (hfrs) in hubei province, through elisa assay. the relativity among hantaviruses prevailing in different areas was investigated.200819040041
antiviral effect of human saliva against hantavirus.hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (hfrs) and hantavirus pulmonary syndrome are zoonotic diseases caused by rodent borne hantaviruses. transmission to humans occurs usually by inhalation of aerozolized virus-contaminated rodent excreta. although human-to-human transmission of andes hantavirus has been observed, the mode of transmission is currently not known. saliva from puumala hantavirus (puuv)-infected patients was shown recently to contain viral rna. to test if human saliva interferes wit ...200819040288
immunological mechanisms mediating hantavirus persistence in rodent reservoirs.hantaviruses, similar to several emerging zoonotic viruses, persistently infect their natural reservoir hosts, without causing overt signs of disease. spillover to incidental human hosts results in morbidity and mortality mediated by excessive proinflammatory and cellular immune responses. the mechanisms mediating the persistence of hantaviruses and the absence of clinical symptoms in rodent reservoirs are only starting to be uncovered. recent studies indicate that during hantavirus infection, p ...200819043585
sin nombre virus infection in deer mice, channel islands, california. 200819046540
storage of cellular 5' mrna caps in p bodies for viral cap-snatching.the minus strand and ambisense segmented rna viruses include multiple important human pathogens and are divided into three families, the orthomyxoviridae, the bunyaviridae, and the arenaviridae. these viruses all initiate viral transcription through the process of "cap-snatching," which involves the acquisition of capped 5' oligonucleotides from cellular mrna. hantaviruses are emerging pathogenic viruses of the bunyaviridae family that replicate in the cytoplasm of infected cells. cellular mrnas ...200819047634
[the dynamics of t lymphocyte subsets in hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome].to investigate the t cell subsets changes in hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (hfrs) patients.200819080298
[detection of anti-hantavirus antibodies in forest workers in the north-east of poland].to estimate exposition to hantaviruses in a high-risk population (forest workers) in the north-east of poland.200819108515
[molecular epidemiological study on the host and role of the hantavirus and orientia tsutsugamushi in the same epidemic area].to investigate whether hantavirus (hv) and orientia tsutsugamushi ( ot) can naturally infect and coexist in their host and role.200819115620
the effect of habitat fragmentation and species diversity loss on hantavirus prevalence in panama.habitat fragmentation and diversity loss due to increased conversion of natural habitats to agricultural uses influence the distribution and abundance of wildlife species and thus may change the ecology of pathogen transmission. we used hantaviruses in panama as a research model to determine whether anthropogenic environmental change is associated with changes in the dynamics of viral transmission. specifically, we wanted to determine whether hantavirus infection was correlated with spatial attr ...200819120179
recent discoveries of new hantaviruses widen their range and question their origins.hantaviruses belong to the bunyaviridae family. while usually hosted by wild mammals, they are potentially pathogenic for humans, and several serologically distinct groups associated with different syndromes have been identified. yet, investigations have mostly been conducted where human infections by hantaviruses constitute a real and well-identified public health problem, i.e., the holarctic and neotropical areas. some hantaviruses have also been described from a suncus murinus in india and a ...200819120180
expression of l protein of hantaan virus 84fli strain and its application for recovery of minigenomes.hantaan virus (htnv) is an old world hantavirus associated with hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (hfrs). to visualize the localization of the l protein of htnv strain 84fli within cells, a fusion protein composed of enhanced green fluorescent protein and l protein, egfp-l, was expressed in vero cells. the 273 kda expressed fusion protein of egfp-l localized in the perinuclear region. we also described the development of a reverse genetics system for htnv strain 84fli. the rna polymerase i ( ...200819133012
[investigation of modes of hantavirus infection transmission from rodents to humans].hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (hfrs) is a focal zoonosis of viral etiology that appears in many countries of the world. investigation demonstrated that for epidemic of hfrs is necessary to have intensity of epizootic process. the increased number of mice-like rodents in enzootic foci of hfrs is the most important factor. this investigation pointed out to high risk of direct contact with rodents secrets, from visible urine and feces traces of rodents that are present in large number of pa ...200819145808
ecological surveillance of small mammals at firing points 10 and 60, gyeonggi province, republic of korea, 2001-2005.throughout korea, small mammals are hosts to a number of disease-causing agents that pose a health threat to u.s. and korean military forces while they conduct field-training exercises. a seasonal rodent-borne disease surveillance program was established at two firing points (fp), fp-10, and fp-60, and conducted over five years from 2001 through 2005 in response to hantavirus cases among u.s. soldiers. the ecology of these sites consisted primarily of tall grasses associated with semi-permanent ...200819263858
[the molecular epidemiologic investigation of hantavirus carried by rodent hosts in wenzhou, zhejiang province].to study the epidemiological features of hantavirus in rodents in wenzhou, zhejiang province.200819173853
corticosteroids modulate seoul virus infection, regulatory t-cell responses and matrix metalloprotease 9 expression in male, but not female, norway rats.human hantaviral disease is mediated by excessive proinflammatory and cd8+ t-cell responses, which can be alleviated by administration of corticosteroids. in contrast with humans, male rats that are infected with their species-specific hantavirus, seoul virus (seov), have reduced proinflammatory and elevated regulatory t-cell responses in tissues where virus persists. to determine the effects of glucocorticoids on seov persistence and immune responses during infection, male and female norway rat ...200818931068
barn owl (tyto alba) predation on small mammals and its role in the control of hantavirus natural reservoirs in a periurban area in southeastern brazil.the aim of this study was to inventory the species of small mammals in uberlândia, minas gerais, brazil, based on regurgitated pellets of the barn owl and to compare the frequency of rodent species in the diet and in the environment. since in the region there is a high incidence of hantavirus infection, we also evaluate the importance of the barn owl in the control of rodents that transmit the hantavirus. data on richness and relative abundance of rodents in the municipality were provided by the ...200819197490
new genetic lineage of tula hantavirus in microtus arvalis obscurus in eastern kazakhstan.genomic sequences of tula (tulv) hantavirus were recovered from tissue samples of european common voles microtus arvalis (subspecies obscurus) captured in kazakhstan, central asia. phylogenetic analysis of the s genomic segment of kazakh tulv strains showed that they form distinct, well supported genetic lineage and share a more ancient common ancestor with two russian lineages of tulv. the deduced sequence of the nucleocapsid (n) protein of kazakh tulv strains carried specific amino acid signat ...200819440462
hantaviruses: an emerging public health threat in india? a review.the emerging viral diseases haemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (hfrs) and hantavirus cardiopulmonary syndrome (hcps) are a cause of global concern as they are increasingly reported from newer regions of the world. the hantavirus species causing hfrs include hantaan virus,seoul virus, puumala virus, and dobrava-belgrade virus while sin nombre virus was responsible for the 1993 outbreak of hcps in the four corners region of the us. humans are accidental hosts and get infected by aerosols gener ...200819208975
[molecular characterization and sequence comparison of the m and s segments of hantavirus zj5 strain].in order to understand the molecular characters of hantavirus zj5 strain, its complete m and s genome were sequenced and compared with that of other hantavirus strains.200819544637
[identification and analysis of an seo strain of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome hantavirus from guangxi].to identify hantavirus from lung specimens of rats captured in guangxi.200819544640
hantavirus infection: a review and global update.hantaviruses have the potential to cause two different types of diseases in human: hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (hfrs) and hantavirus pulmonary syndrome (hps). hfrs, initially described clinically at the turn of the 20th century, occurs endemically in the asian and european continents, while hps, recognized as a clinical entity since 1993, represents the prototype of emerging diseases occurring in the western hemisphere. approximately 150,000 to 200,000 cases of hfrs are hospitalized ea ...200819736383
infections in the natural environment of british columbia, canada.the canadian province of british columbia has a luxurious environment, complete with the multitude of wildlife and insects, and would at first glance appear to be suitable for the transmission of diseases in nature communicable to humans. despite this potential, such diseases are relatively uncommon, although several have the potential for serious consequences. attention has been recently focused on hantavirus infection, water-borne toxoplasmosis and parasitic diarrheal diseases, cryptococcosis ...200820701841
isolation and characterization of microsatellite markers in oligoryzomys longicaudatus (muridae, sigmodontinae, oryzomini), the natural reservoir of genotype andes hantavirus.the rodent oligoryzomys longicaudatus or long-tailed pygmy rice rat is the reservoir of the aetiological agent of the hantavirus pulmonary syndrome in southern argentina and chile. we characterize 11 polymorphic microsatellite loci which would be useful for studies on microgeographical population structure in the species. amplification of these loci in 42 individuals from four natural populations revealed four to 21 alleles per locus, and values of observed heterozygosities ranging from 0.371 to ...200821586078
cyclic hantavirus epidemics in humans--predicted by rodent host dynamics.wildlife-originated zoonotic diseases are a major contributor to emerging infectious diseases. hantaviruses cause thousands of human disease cases annually worldwide, and understanding and predicting human hantavirus epidemics still poses unsolved challenges. here we studied the three-level relationships between the human disease nephropathia epidemica (ne), its etiological agent puumala hantavirus (puuv) and the rodent host of the virus, the bank vole (myodes glareolus). a large and long-term d ...200921352757
transient hypopituitarism in a patient with nephropathia epidemica.involvement of the pituitary gland is only rarely observed in hantavirus infection. this report describes the case of a patient who had transient hypopituitarism requiring hormonal replacement therapy due to hypophysitis as a result of puumala virus infection. mri studies revealed oedematous swelling of the gland as a morphological correlate. this report provides new evidence that hypopituitarism can be a serious complication in puumala virus infection and highlights the clinical implications of ...200921691389
crossing borders in health communication research: toward an ecological understanding of context, complexity, and consequences in community-based health education in the u.s.-mexico borderlands.in the past 15 years, researchers in health information dissemination have made significant strides in addressing context, complexity, and consequences (sharf's "3 cs") in theory, research, and praxis. the goal of integrating the 3 cs in this field, however, remains a challenge. in this article, the authors present 6 principles of a postmodern ecological approach to health information dissemination that attempts such integration. the authors outline proposed principles and use a multiyear, inter ...200920183369
[expression of partial s gene of hantavirus z10 in pichia pastoris].the purpose of this study is to express partial s gene of hantavirus z10.200920718348
bayou virus detected in non-oryzomyine rodent hosts: an assessment of habitat composition, reservoir community structure, and marsh rice rat social dynamics.in the united states, bayou virus (bayv) ranks second only to sin nombre virus (snv) in terms of hantavirus pulmonary syndrome (hps) incidents, having been confirmed in cases from texas and louisiana since its discovery in 1994. this study on bayv infection among sympatric, non-oryzomyine rodents ("spillover") in freeport, tx, is the first to link patterns of hantavirus interspecific spillover with the spatiotemporal ecology of the primary host (marsh rice rat, oryzomys palustris). mark-recaptur ...200920836801
microhabitat characteristics of akodon montensis, a reservoir for hantavirus, and hantaviral seroprevalence in an atlantic forest site in eastern paraguay.hantaviruses may cause serious disease when transmitted to humans by their rodent hosts. since their emergence in the americas in 1993, there have been extensive efforts to understand the role of environmental factors on the presence of these viruses in their host rodent populations. hps outbreaks have been linked to precipitation, but climatic factors alone have not been sufficient to predict the spatial-temporal dynamics of the environment-reservoir-virus system. using a series of mark-recaptu ...200920836810
[genotyping and sequence analysis on g2 segment of hantavirus carried by rat in hebei province].to know the genotype and subtype of hantavirus (hv) carried by host animals in hfrs natural epidemic area of hebei province.200920104766
perspectives on scrub typhus, tick-borne pathogens, and hantavirus in the republic of korea. 200920088033
[construction of a recombinant adenovirus carrying the hantaan virus glycoprotein g2 gene and its expression in hela cells].we constructed the recombinant adenovirus expressing the glycoprotein g2 of hantaan virus. firstly we obtained coding gene fragment of g2 by pcr, and subsequently inserted the gene of interest into the adenoviral pshuttle vector pad5-cmv. then we co-transfected the recombinant pshuttle vector and adenovirus skeleton plasmid into hek293 cells by calcium phosphate precipitation method. after the recombinant adenovirus were packaged and amplified in hek293 cells, we observed the expression of repor ...200920112705
the occurrence of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome in southern parts of bosnia and herzegovina.bosnia and herzegovina (b&h) has been known as an endemic region for hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (hfrs) for over 50 years. multiple epidemics of this disease have been registered so far, especially in endemic parts of central and northeastern bosnia, as well as the sarajevo region. seroepidemiological investigations demonstrate naturalization of hantaviruses and their wide spread in b&h. however, there are no studies from the southern areas of b&h, and endemic foci of this disease are ...200920120399
simultaneous detection of cdc category "a" dna and rna bioterrorism agents by use of multiplex pcr & rt-pcr enzyme hybridization assays.assays to simultaneously detect multiple potential agents of bioterrorism are limited. two multiplex pcr and rt-pcr enzyme hybridization assays (mpcr-eha, mrt-pcr-eha) were developed to simultaneously detect many of the cdc category "a" bioterrorism agents. the "bio t" dna assay was developed to detect: variola major (vm), bacillus anthracis (ba), yersinia pestis (yp), francisella tularensis (ft) and varicella zoster virus (vzv). the "bio t" rna assay (mrt-pcr-eha) was developed to detect: ebola ...200920224751
an experimental test of factors attracting deer mice into buildings.deer mice (peromyscus maniculatus) are the principal reservoir host of sin nombre virus (snv). deer mice use a wide variety of habitats including peridomestic settings in and around human dwellings, their presence in and around homes has been implicated as a risk factor for acquiring hantavirus pulmonary syndrome. deer mice are believed to enter buildings in order to gain access to a variety of resources including food, bedding material, and better thermal microclimates. however, no one has expe ...200920628475
[comparison on the difference of virulence between hantaan virus and seoul virus isolated both from rattus norvegicus].comparing the difference of virulence between the strain cgrn5310 (htnv) and the strain hr54 (seov) isolated both from rattus norvegicus.200920193387
[complete sequence of the m segment of amur virus in rodent from china].to study the complete sequence of m segment of amur virus in rodents and to explore their molecular characteristics.200920193388
[association of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome and hla-drb allele polymorphisms in han nationality, hubei province.].to understand the association of human leukocyte antigen (hla)-drb polymorphism and patients diagnosed as hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (hfrs).200920193583
[rare case of crimean haemorrhagic fever in a pregnant woman].a rare case of crimean haemorrhagic fever in a pregnant woman during the sixth month of gestation is described. the typical clinical course of the disease is present with positive anamnesis and visible locus from tick bite. after several days, fever and local lymphadenitis appear, followed by severe toxicoinfectious and haemorrhagic syndromes. the disease is proved virologically and serologically. the outcome is favourable for the pregnant woman. she is discharged home after 16-day hospital trea ...200920198776
hantavirus species in india: a retrospective study.hantaviruses cause hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome in europe and asia. there are about 20 documented hantavirus species and newer species are being described worldwide, especially in non-rodent reservoirs, i.e shrews. focus reduction neutralization test is the classical serotyping technique for hantavirus. however, this study employs a previously established serotyping elisa, to retrospectively analyze known hantavirus igg reactive samples for infecting serotypes. the result suggests prese ...200919736405
[serological characteristics of hantaviruses from clinical specimens analyzed in 1998-2008 in the department of virology, public health institute, ostrava].in 1998 - 2008, serum samples from 464 patients, predominantly residents of the moravia-silesian region, were examined in the department of virology, public health institute in ostrava, using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) for the detection of specific anti-hantavirus antibodies. seropositivity was ascertained in 41 persons (8.8%). more patients tested seropositive against hantaan virus (24, i.e. 58.5%) than against puumala virus (13, i.e. 31.7%). four persons were reactive against bo ...200919750821
inhibition of tnf-alpha-induced activation of nf-kappab by hantavirus nucleocapsid proteins.hantaviruses cause two human diseases thought to be immune-mediated: hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (hfrs) and hantavirus pulmonary syndrome (hps). we recently reported that the nucleocapsid (n) protein of hfrs-causing hantaan virus (htnv) inhibits tumor necrosis factor-alpha (tnf-alpha) activation of nuclear factor-kappab (nf-kappab). here we measured the ability of other hantaviral n proteins to similarly interfere with the inflammatory process of tnf-alpha. we found that like htnv n, t ...200919751407
identification of oligopeptides mimicking the receptor-binding domain of hantaan virus envelope glycoprotein from a phage-displayed peptide library.attachment of enveloped viruses to cells is triggered by the receptor-binding domain (rbd) on envelope glycoproteins (gp) binding to receptors located on the cell surface. to date, recognized receptors and rbd of hantaan virus (htnv) have not been exactly defined. in this study, one monoclonal antibody (mab) 3g1 possessing high neutralizing activity, which is directed against htnv envelope glycoprotein g2, was used to determine the crucial motif of rbd. peptide ligands binding to mab 3g1 were se ...200919767836
complete nucleotide sequence of four rna segments of fig mosaic virus.the complete sequence of four viral rna segments of fig mosaic virus (fmv) was determined. each of the four rnas comprises a single open reading frame (orf) 7,093, 2,252, 1,490 and 1,472 nucleotides in size, respectively. these orfs encode the following proteins in the order: rna-dependent rna polymerase (p1 264 kda), a putative glycoprotein (p2 73 kda), a putative nucleocapsid protein (p3 35 kda) and a protein with unknown function (p4 40.5 kda). all rna segments possess untranslated regions co ...200919777155
evaluation of an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay based on araraquara virus recombinant nucleocapsid protein.laboratory diagnosis of hantavirus cardiopulmonary syndrome (hcps) in brazil has been performed mostly by detection of igm antibodies to recombinant antigen purified from sin nombre virus and andes virus (andv). recently, a recombinant nucleocapsid (rn) protein of araraquara virus (arav), a brazilian hantavirus, was obtained in escherichia coli. to evaluate arav rn as antigen for antibody detection, serum samples from 30 patients from argentina seropositive for hantavirus were tested. all sample ...200919635882
[survey on host animal and molecular epidemiology of hantavirus in chuxiong prefecture, yunnan province].to determine the hosts of hantavirus (hv) and its molecular epidemiological characteristics, to provide evidence for prevention and control on hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (hfrs).200919642377
production and characterization of monoclonal antibodies against the recombinant nucleoprotein of araucaria hantavirus.hantaviruses are rodent-borne rna viruses that cause hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (hfrs) or hantavirus pulmonary syndrome (hps). from the first detection of infection in brazil in 1993 until 2009, 1161 cases of hps have been reported, with mortality rates of around approximately 40%. currently, due to the absence of a vaccine or specific antiviral therapy, the only way to reduce mortality by hantavirus infection is a fast and precise diagnosis that allows for supportive clinical health ...200919654026
genetic characterization of a juquitiba-like viral lineage in oligoryzomys nigripes in rio de janeiro, brazil.hantaviruses, family bunyaviridae, are rodent-borne rna viruses that have caused cases of hantavirus cardiopulmonary syndrome (hcps) in various regions of the americas. there are five hantaviral lineages associated with hcps in brazil: juquitiba virus (juqv), araraquara virus (arav), laguna negra-like virus (lnv), castelo dos sonhos virus (casv), and anajatuba virus (anajv). three additional hantaviruses have been described in rodents alone: rio mearim virus, jaborá virus, and a hantavirus linea ...200919660427
degradation and aggresome formation of the gn tail of the apathogenic tula hantavirus.the cytoplasmic tails of envelope glycoprotein gn of pathogenic hantaviruses but not of the apathogenic prospect hill virus (phv) were recently reported to be proteasomally degraded in simian cos7 cells. here, we show that the cytoplasmic tails of the glycoproteins of the apathogenic hantaviruses tula virus (tulv) and phv are also degraded through the ubiquitin-proteasome pathway, both in human hek-293 and in simian vero e6 cells. tulv gn tails formed aggresomes in cells with proteasomal inhibit ...200919675185
[pulmonary and cardiovascular syndrome due to hantavirus: clinical aspects of an emerging disease in southeastern brazil].pulmonary and cardiovascular syndrome due to hantavirus is a disease caused by inhalation of aerosols from the excreta of wild rodents contaminated by viruses of the bunyaviridae family. we studied the clinical and laboratory manifestations of 70 cases that occurred in the region of ribeirão preto, sp, brazil, between 1998 and 2007. the frequency of symptoms was as follows: dyspnea (87%), fever (81%), coughing (44%), headache (34%), tachycardia (81%), low arterial blood pressure (56%), metabolic ...200919684976
young man with kidney failure and hemorrhagic interstitial nephritis. 200919556044
hantavirus infection and habitat associations among rodent populations in agroecosystems of panama: implications for human disease risk.hantavirus cardiopulmonary syndrome (hcps), which is caused by infection with choclo virus, is uncommon in panama, yet seropositivity among rural residents is as high as 60%. to clarify the environmental risk factors favoring rodent-to-human transmission, we tested serum from 3,067 rodents captured over a five-year period for antibodies against recombinant n protein of hantavirus by enzyme immunoassay and strip immunoblot. among 220 seropositive rodents, oligoryzomys fulvescens, the reservoir of ...200919556568
hantaan virus triggers tlr3-dependent innate immune responses.immediately after viral infection, innate responses including expression of ifn-alpha/beta and ifn-stimulated genes (isgs) are elicited ubiquitously by recruitment of specific pathogen recognition receptors. the velocity to induce ifn-alpha/beta and isgs in response to an infection is often decisive for virulence. interestingly, in primary endothelial cells isgs are induced later by hantaviruses pathogenic to humans than those considered to be nonpathogenic or of low virulence. here we demonstra ...200919234180
acute febrile illness caused by hantavirus: serological and molecular evidence from india.study of hantavirus infections in india is in its early stages. as early symptoms of hantavirus disease can be non-specific and the diagnosis confirmed only by laboratory testing, use of appropriate diagnostic tools is important. to improve the diagnosis of hantavirus infections in india, commercial elisa systems followed by indirect immunofluorescence assays were used to detect anti-hantavirus igm and igg in samples from patients with acute febrile illness. of 347 patients tested, 5.2% showed s ...200919237179
hantavirus infections in europe: from virus carriers to a major public-health problem.in europe, hantavirus disease or hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome is an endemic zoonosis that affects tens of thousands of individuals each year. the causative agents are viruses of the genus hantavirus, family bunyaviridae, rodents and insectivores act as carriers. in all european countries there is a seroprevalence for hantaviruses in the general population but not all countries report cases. here, we give an overview of the hantavirus situation in europe.200919254169
[rodents and rodent associated disease vectors: the network of "rodent carrying pathogens" introduces itself]. 200919263029
[cloning and expression of the nucleoprotein gene of puumala-like virus].in order to detect hokkaido virus (hokv), a recombinant baculovirus containing the nucleoprotein (np) gene of hokv was constructed, and then the np was expressed in insect cell.200919565881
[study on the difference of genes and the type identification of hantavirus from lishui, zhejiang province].to isolate hantavirus from lishui county--one of the epidemic regions for hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (hfrs), in zhejiang province, and to identify the serotype and molecular/biological characteristics of a new htn subtype hantavirus (hv) strains, hopefully to provide evidence for hfrs prevention and therapy.200919565882
hantaviral infections of rodents: possible scenarios. 200919568690
the first established focus of hantavirus infection in poland, 2007.the first hantavirus infection outbreak in poland (with different seroetiology) was identified between august-december 2007. thirteen cases were reported in southeast poland: 12 cases in the carpathians bordering with northeast slovakia, mainly in the forested areas of the bieszczady mountains, and one case approximately 100-120 kilometres north from the others, in the adjacent sub-carpathian region. four additional cases of past infection were identified retrospectively, based on the presence o ...200919572481
evolutionary insights from a genetically divergent hantavirus harbored by the european common mole (talpa europaea).the discovery of genetically distinct hantaviruses in shrews (order soricomorpha, family soricidae) from widely separated geographic regions challenges the hypothesis that rodents (order rodentia, family muridae and cricetidae) are the primordial reservoir hosts of hantaviruses and also predicts that other soricomorphs harbor hantaviruses. recently, novel hantavirus genomes have been detected in moles of the family talpidae, including the japanese shrew mole (urotrichus talpoides) and american s ...200919582155
a single immunization with a recombinant canine adenovirus type 2 expressing the seoul virus gn glycoprotein confers protective immunity against seoul virus in mice.seoul virus (seov), a member of hantavirus genus, is one of the causative agents of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (hfrs) and afflicts tens of thousands of people annually. in this paper, we evaluate the immune response induced by a replication-competent recombinant canine adenovirus type 2 expressing the gn protein of seov (rcav-2-gn) in balb/c mice. sera from immunized mice contained neutralizing antibodies that could specifically recognize seov and neutralize its infectivity in vitro. ...200919583957
hantavirus infection: a case report from india.the clinical presentation of hantavirus infections in india is unclear. we report here a case of hantavirus infection in a 46 year old quarry worker presenting with fever, abdominal pain, jaundice, thrombocytopenia and renal dysfunction. seroconversion and rising anti-hantavirus igg titers were taken as evidence of hantavirus infection. clinicians should consider hantavirus infections in the differential diagnosis of acute febrile illness along with scrub typhus, leptospirosis and dengue.200919584514
analysis of the immune response to hantaan virus nucleocapsid protein c-terminal-specific cd8(+) t cells in patients with hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome.hantaan virus (htnv), the prototype member of the hantavirus genus in the family bunyaviridae, causes hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (hfrs), which is characterized by capillary leakage, hemorrhage, and renal injury, and is an important public health problem in china. some kinds of immune cells, particularly cd8(+) t cells, are involved in the pathogenesis of hantavirus infection. the nucleocapsid protein (np) of the hantavirus is the most conserved structural protein and the most abundant ...200919594396
temporal and geographic evidence for evolution of sin nombre virus using molecular analyses of viral rna from colorado, new mexico and montana.all viruses in the family bunyaviridae possess a tripartite genome, consisting of a small, a medium, and a large rna segment. bunyaviruses therefore possess considerable evolutionary potential, attributable to both intramolecular changes and to genome segment reassortment. hantaviruses (family bunyaviridae, genus hantavirus) are known to cause human hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome or hantavirus pulmonary syndrome. the primary reservoir host of sin nombre virus is the deer mouse (peromyscus ...200919602267
hantaviruses and climate change.most hantaviruses are rodent-borne emerging viruses. they cause two significant human diseases, haemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome in asia and europe, and hantavirus cardiopulmonary syndrome in the americas. very recently, several novel hantaviruses with unknown pathogenic potential have been identified in africa and in a variety of insectivores (shrews and a mole). because there is very limited information available on the possible impact of climate change on all of these highly dangerous p ...200919604276
hantavirus reservoir oligoryzomys longicaudatus spatial distribution sensitivity to climate change scenarios in argentine patagonia.oligoryzomys longicaudatus (colilargo) is the rodent responsible for hantavirus pulmonary syndrome (hps) in argentine patagonia. in past decades (1967-1998), trends of precipitation reduction and surface air temperature increase have been observed in western patagonia. we explore how the potential distribution of the hantavirus reservoir would change under different climate change scenarios based on the observed trends.200919607707
a habitat-based model for the spread of hantavirus between reservoir and spillover species.new habitat-based models for spread of hantavirus are developed which account for interspecies interaction. existing habitat-based models do not consider interspecies pathogen transmission, a primary route for emergence of new infectious diseases and reservoirs in wildlife and man. the modeling of interspecies transmission has the potential to provide more accurate predictions of disease persistence and emergence dynamics. the new models are motivated by our recent work on hantavirus in rodent c ...200919616014
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