Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year(sorted ascending) Filter | PMID Filter |
|---|
| clinical and economic implications of adding hpv tests to the routine cytology follow-up and management of patients with histologically defined cervical intraepithelial neoplasia grade 1. | the objective of this study was to evaluate the clinical and economic implications of adding human papillomavirus (hpv) testing to the follow-up and management protocol of women with a histological diagnosis of low-grade cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (cin1). | 2002 | 12144817 |
| insect cell culture medium supplementation with fetal bovine serum and bovine serum albumin: effects on baculovirus adsorption and infection kinetics. | the effects of insect cell culture medium supplementation with fbs were investigated. bsa was found to be the factor responsible for the increased baculovirus infection rate of fbs-supplemented cultures in a concentration-dependent form up to 25 g l(-)(1). lower rates of baculovirus binding to cells were observed with fbs- and bsa-supplemented cultures compared with infections carried out in serum-free media. virus attachment constants were found to depend on medium matrix composition. an effici ... | 2002 | 12153321 |
| the evidence behind inhibitor treatment with porcine factor viii. | factor viii auto- and alloantibodies neutralise porcine factor viii to a lesser extent than factor viii of human origin. the reduced reactivity of the porcine molecule, predominantly due to sequence variation in the a2 and c2 domains, has been the rationale for using porcine factor viii to secure haemostasis for patients with factor viii inhibitors. porcine factor viii has been shown to provide effective haemostatic control particularly for patients with intermediate inhibitor titres with limite ... | 2002 | 12214138 |
| effective use of gamma irradiation for pathogen inactivation of monoclonal antibody preparations. | gamma irradiation has been used for decades as an effective method of pathogen inactivation of relatively inert materials. until recently, its application to biologicals has resulted in unacceptable losses in functional activity. in this report we demonstrate that the damaging secondary effects of gamma irradiation can be controlled while maintaining the pathogen inactivation properties due to damage by primary effects. control is achieved by a combination of protection from free radical damage ... | 2002 | 12217345 |
| antibodies to selected viral and bacterial pathogens in european wild boars from southcentral spain. | serum samples from 78 european wild boars (sus scrofa) harvested during the 1999-2000 hunting season were tested for antibodies to brucella spp., classical swine fever virus, erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae, haemophilus parasuis, leptospira interrogans serovar pomona, mycoplasma hyopneumoniae, pseudorabies virus (prv), porcine parvovirus (ppv), porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus, salmonella serogroups b, c, and d, streptococcus suis, and swine influenza virus (siv) serotypes h1n1 a ... | 2002 | 12238391 |
| predictive value of alt levels for histologic findings in chronic hepatitis c: a european collaborative study. | the aim of this retrospective study was to determine the predictive value of alanine aminotransferase (alt) levels for histologic findings in patients with chronic hepatitis c virus (hcv) infection. data on 864 hcv rna-positive patients were collected. alt values were obtained at the time of biopsy (before treatment), and normal alt values were defined as normal values obtained at serial evaluations during a 6-month period. histologic results were scored using the metavir system. among all patie ... | 2002 | 12297846 |
| incorporation of an additional viral-clearance step into a human immunoglobulin manufacturing process. | regulatory agencies have mandated that manufacturers of immunoglobulin products incorporate robust viral inactivation or removal steps into their purification processes. we evaluated the effectiveness of incorporating nanofiltration, a generic virus-clearance step, into an existing plasma-fractionation process for a human anti-d immunoglobulin product. | 2002 | 12366764 |
| the etiology and management of genital ulcers in the dominican republic and peru. | clinical diagnosis of genital ulcers is difficult, and diagnostic tests are least available in settings where rates of disease are highest. the world health organization (who) has developed protocols for the syndromic management of genital ulcers in resource-poor settings. however, because risk factors, patterns and causes of disease, and antimicrobial susceptibilities differ from region to region and over time, they must be adapted to local situations. | 2002 | 12370522 |
| inactivation of parvovirus b19 during pasteurization of human serum albumin. | it has been shown that hsa may be contaminated with parvovirus b19 (b19) dna. however, the presence of b19 dna does not necessarily indicate infectious virus. hsa is pasteurized at 60 degrees c for 10 hours and it remains unclear whether this procedure inactivates b19. studies with animal parvoviruses indicate considerable heat resistance at 60 degrees c. however, due to the lack of a suitable cell culture system, the pasteurization process has not been investigated in the past. | 2002 | 12385412 |
| integrated process optimization: lessons from retrovirus and virus-like particle production. | the optimization of production and purification processes is usually approached by engineers from a strictly biotechnological point of view. the present paper envisages the definition and application of an optimization model that takes into account the impact of both biological and technological issues upon the optimization protocols and strategies. for this purpose, the optimization of three analogous but different systems comprising animal cell growth and bioparticle production is presented. t ... | 2002 | 12385709 |
| the production of a genus-specific recombinant antibody (scfv) using a recombinant potyvirus protease. | a single chain variable fragment antibody (scfv; anti-nia scfv102) was selected from a synthetic human antibody library by using a nia protease of plum pox virus (ppv) as an antigen, which was expressed in bacteria. the nia protease forms the nuclear inclusion body a and acts as the major protease in the cleavage of the viral polyprotein into functional proteins. the nia protein was detected with anti-nia scfv102 after expression in escherichia coli cells as well as from ppv-infected nicotiana b ... | 2002 | 12393153 |
| viral pharmacovigilance study of haemophiliacs receiving porcine factor viii. | porcine factor viii (fviii; hyate:c; speywood biopharm ltd, uk) has been used since 1980 for the treatment both of patients with acquired haemophilia and those with congenital haemophilia and inhibitory antibodies. each batch is extensively screened using cell-culture techniques to confirm the absence of viruses. the production process does not incorporate specific virucidal treatment steps, such as heat treatment or the addition of a solvent/detergent mixture. low levels of porcine parvovirus w ... | 2002 | 12410650 |
| case-control study on the association of porcine circovirus type 2 and other swine viral pathogens with postweaning multisystemic wasting syndrome. | a field-based case-control study was conducted to assess the strength of association of porcine circovirus type 2 (pcv2) and some major swine viruses with postweaning multisystemic wasting syndrome (pmws). cases were defined as individual pigs with a clinical history of progressive weight loss and histopathological lesions characteristic of pmws. controls were pigs without clinical signs and histopathological lesions typical of pmws. a total of 31 cases and 56 controls was identified from diagno ... | 2002 | 12423025 |
| usefulness of dna ploidy measurement on liquid-based smears showing conflicting results between cytology and high-risk human papillomavirus typing. | to improve the positive predictive value (ppv) for high-risk human papillomavirus (hr-hpv) in primary screening, dna ploidy was measured on the same liquid-based sample by image cytometry in 984 cases showing discrepancies between cytology and hr-hpv testing. of the conflicting results, 14.5% corresponded to a cytologic lesion (from atypical squamous cells of undetermined significance to high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion [hsil]) without hpv detected, and 85.5% of smears were within norm ... | 2002 | 12428790 |
| pathogen inactivation of blood components: current status and introduction of an approach using riboflavin as a photosensitizer. | riboflavin is a naturally occurring compound and an essential human nutrient. studies in the 1960s and 70s showed that it could be effective, when exposed to visible or uv light, in inactivating viruses and bacteria. this suggested to us that it could act as a photosensitizer useful in the inactivation of pathogens found in blood products, because of its nucleic acid specificity and its limited tendency toward indiscriminate oxidation. the riboflavin molecule is a planar, conjugated ring structu ... | 2002 | 12430933 |
| broad-spectrum virus reduction in red cell concentrates using inactine pen110 chemistry. | the risk of transmission of blood-borne pathogens by transfusion is a persistent problem in medicine. to address this safety issue, inactine pen110 chemistry is being utilized to develop a process for preparing pathogen-reduced red blood cell concentrates (rbcc). the purpose of this study was to characterize the virucidal effectiveness of the inactine pen110 chemistry in full units of rbcc by using a panel of viruses with diverse properties in composition, size and shape. | 2002 | 12437518 |
| identification of immunogenic hot spots within plum pox potyvirus capsid protein for efficient antigen presentation. | pepscan analysis has been used to characterize the immunogenic regions of the capsid protein (cp) in virions of plum pox potyvirus (ppv). in addition to the well-known highly immunogenic n- and c-terminal domains of cp, regions within the core domain of the protein have also shown high immunogenicity. moreover, the n terminus of cp is not homogeneously immunogenic, alternatively showing regions frequently recognized by antibodies and others that are not recognized at all. these results have help ... | 2002 | 12438590 |
| genetic linkage maps of two apricot cultivars ( prunus armeniaca l.), and mapping of ppv (sharka) resistance. | genetic linkage maps for two apricot cultivars have been constructed using aflp, rapd, rflp and ssr markers in 81 f1 individuals from the cross 'goldrich' x 'valenciano'. this family segregated for resistance to 'plum pox virus' (ppv), the most-important virus affecting prunus species. of the 160 rapd arbitrary primers screened a total of 44 were selected. sixty one polymorphic rapd markers were scored on the mapping population: 30 heterozygous in 'goldrich', 19 heterozygous in 'valenciano', seg ... | 2002 | 12582518 |
| factors affecting the transfer of porcine parvovirus antibodies from sow to piglets. | the aim of the study was to investigate the effects of a number of environmental, behavioural and biological factors on passive immunization of piglets as assessed by transfer of porcine parvovirus (ppv) antibodies (ab) from the colostrum of ppv vaccinated mothers to the serum of the piglets. twenty primiparous sows were housed in pens with peat, straw and branches for nest building. half the sows were prevented from achieving feedback from a completed farrowing nest by repeated removal of the n ... | 2002 | 12489874 |
| molecular studies of the synergistic interactions between plum pox virus hc-pro protein and potato virus x. | helper component proteinase (hc-pro) is a multifunctional viral protein involved in vection and movement of potyvirus; suppression of host post-transcriptional gene silencing reaction; and synergism of potyvirus with other viruses, notably potexvirus. when the hc-pro of plum pox potyvirus (ppv) was transiently expressed in n. benthamiana and n. clevelandii plants via potato virus x (pvx) vector, a highly synergistic response of leaf necrosis or plant death, was observed in pvxhc-infected plants. ... | 2002 | 12491099 |
| modified indirect porcine circovirus (pcv) type 2-based and recombinant capsid protein (orf2)-based enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays for detection of antibodies to pcv. | postweaning multisystemic wasting syndrome of swine associated with porcine circovirus (pcv) is a recently reported and economically important disease. simple and reliable diagnostic methods are needed for detecting antibodies to pcv type 2 (pcv2) for monitoring of pcv infection. here, we report the development of two modified indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (elisas): a pcv2 elisa based on cell-culture-propagated pcv2 and an orf2 elisa based on recombinant major capsid protein. pcv2 ... | 2002 | 11777826 |
| host-specific involvement of the hc protein in the long-distance movement of potyviruses. | plum pox virus (ppv) is a member of the potyvirus genus that, in nature, infects trees of the prunus genus. although ppv infects systemically several species of the nicotiana genus, such as n. clevelandii and n. benthamiana, and replicates in the inoculated leaves of n. tabacum, it is unable to infect systemically the last host. the long-distance movement defect of ppv was corrected in transgenic tobacco plants expressing the 5"-terminal region of the genome of tobacco etch virus (tev), a potyvi ... | 2002 | 11799187 |
| the structure of porcine parvovirus: comparison with related viruses. | the structure of baculovirus-expressed porcine parvovirus (ppv) capsids was solved using x-ray crystallography and was found to be similar to the related canine parvovirus (cpv) and minute virus of mice (mvm). the ppv capsid protein has 57 % and 49 % amino acid sequence identity with cpv and mvm, respectively, but the degree of conservation of surface-exposed residues is lower than average. consequently, most of the structural differences are on the surface and are the probable cause of the know ... | 2002 | 11827486 |
| infectious agents identified in pigs with multifocal interstitial nephritis at slaughter. | one kidney was taken from each of 100 pigs at slaughter; 50 had gross lesions of multifocal interstitial nephritis and 50 had no gross lesions. forty-nine of the affected kidneys had lesions that were characterised by the presence of either a few randomly distributed or numerous widely disseminated pale foci, 1 to 3 mm in diameter, on the cortical surface (white-dotted kidneys). microscopically, these focal inflammatory lesions often had a distinct lymphofollicular pattern (follicular nephritis) ... | 2002 | 11871667 |
| porcine factor viii: current status and future developments. | high-purity porcine factor viii (pfviii) (hyate:c, ipsen, uk), with a specific activity of > 125 u mg(-1) protein, has been shown to be effective in up to 90% of bleeds in patients with fviii inhibitors. these inhibitors have been shown to have a median 15% cross-reactivity to pfviii, and even less cross-reactivity in patients with acquired haemophilia. its use is sometimes associated with a transient fall in platelet count and with transfusion reactions. furthermore, it is not virally attenuate ... | 2002 | 11882080 |
| process for the preparation of pathogen-inactivated rbc concentrates by using pen110 chemistry: preclinical studies. | a pathogen-inactivation process for rbc concentrates is being developed by using pen110 chemistry (inactine, v.i. technologies). the objective of this study was to characterize the quality of rbcs prepared by using the pen110 process and to measure the virucidal effect achieved against two viruses. | 2002 | 11896326 |
| dynamics of porcine circovirus type 2 infection in a herd of pigs with postweaning multisystemic wasting syndrome. | to determine the pattern of infection for porcine circovirus type 2 (pcv2) in a herd of pigs with postweaning multisystemic wasting syndrome (pmws). | 2002 | 11911570 |
| parapoxviruses: from the lesion to the viral genome. | viruses of the genus parapoxvirus from the family poxviridae cause widespread but localized diseases of small and large ruminants. the economically most important disease is contagious pustular dermatitis or contagious ecthyma among sheep and goats, often simply called orf. the parapoxviruses (ppv) can be transmitted to man leading to localized lesions that are named pseudocowpox or milkers' node as being mostly restricted to the hands and fingers. in cattle two forms of ppv manifestation are co ... | 2002 | 11911596 |
| exudative epidermitis and porcine circovirus-2 infection in a swedish spf-herd. | an outbreak of exudative epidermitis (ee) among piglets in a swedish spf-herd initiated a survey for indications as to the cause of disease. the herd was established by caesarean section and has been closed to all new animal material, with the exception of semen for artificial insemination (ai). the study comprised serum samples from the spf-herd over a 10-year period (n=109) and a close monitoring of animals in the herd during the period after the ee outbreak. serum samples from conventional bo ... | 2002 | 11955778 |
| molecular variability of the p3-6k1 genomic region among geographically and biologically distinct isolates of plum pox virus. | to evaluate molecular variability in the 5' region of the plum pox virus (ppv) genome, a fragment spanning the c-terminal part of p3, the complete 6k1 and start of the ci gene in 12 slovak and french ppv isolates was amplified in ic-rt-pcr and sequenced. computer analysis of obtained and previously published sequences showed rather substantial differences among isolates of ppv-m and d subgroups (percentage of nucleotide identity ranged from 85.65 to 87.68%). there was a relatively low percentage ... | 2002 | 11958455 |
| cd8alpha- cd11b+ dendritic cells present exogenous virus-like particles to cd8+ t cells and subsequently express cd8alpha and cd205 molecules. | recombinant porcine parvovirus virus-like particles (ppv-vlps) are particulate exogenous antigens that induce a strong, specific cytotoxic t lymphocyte (ctl) response in the absence of adjuvant. in the present report, we demonstrate in vivo that dendritic cells (dcs) present ppv-vlps to cd8+ t cells after intracellular processing. ppv-vlps are captured by dcs with a high efficacy, which results in the delivery of these exogenous antigens to 50% of the whole spleen dc population. in vivo, a few h ... | 2002 | 12021304 |
| simultaneous detection of porcine circovirus 2 and porcine parvovirus in naturally and experimentally coinfected pigs by double in situ hybridization. | a technique for double in situ hybridization to simultaneously detect porcine circovirus 2 (pcv2) and porcine parvovirus (ppv) in the same tissue section was developed and applied to lymph node and spleen from 8 pigs experimentally coinfected with pcv2 and ppv and 20 pigs with naturally occurring postweaning multisystemic wasting syndrome. for double labeling studies, the tissue samples were processed sequentially, first for ppv in situ hybridization using a digoxigenin-labeled probe and then fo ... | 2002 | 12033680 |
| how successfully do general practitioners diagnose herpetic gingivo-stomatitis clinically? | herpetic gingivo-stomatitis is a common, often painful affliction of young children. recently, aciclovir treatment has been found to be effective in hospital-referred cases, an approach limited in general practice where laboratory diagnosis is invariably impractical. this study demonstrated that 49 out of 63 clinical diagnoses of herpetic gingivo-stomatitis [ppv = 78%] made by 27 gps were subsequently validated by laboratory virus culture. this suggests that herpetic gingivo-stomatitis might be ... | 2002 | 12051213 |
| persistent parapoxvirus infection in cattle. | the possibility of persistent parapoxvirus (ppv) infection was investigated by serologically and genetically using cattle infected with the virus experimentally and naturally. three cattle were inoculated with the virus subcutaneously at several spots in the lips and abdominal regions. small papules developed in the inoculated regions, and antibodies to the virus developed and continued persistently. one animal, from which one ppv had been previously isolated, was also subjected to serological a ... | 2002 | 12061631 |
| large scale production and downstream processing of a recombinant porcine parvovirus vaccine. | porcine parvovirus (ppv) virus-like particles (vlps) constitute a potential vaccine for prevention of parvovirus-induced reproductive failure in gilts. here we report the development of a large scale (25 l) production process for ppv-vlps with baculovirus-infected insect cells. a low multiplicity of infection (moi) strategy was efficiently applied avoiding the use of an extra baculovirus expansion step. the optimal harvest time was defined at 120 h post-infection at the moi used, with the cell c ... | 2002 | 12073130 |
| a longitudinal study of cell-mediated immunity in pigs infected with porcine parvovirus. | porcine parvovirus (ppv) is an ubiquitous pathogen causing reproductive failure in swine. protection against reproductive failure caused by acute ppv infection has commonly been related to the presence of specific antibodies in the dam. however, the role of cell-mediated immunity during chronic ppv infection remains to be elucidated, and may be relevant to the pathogenesis of novel diseases such as postweaning multisystemic wasting syndrome (pmws), which may be triggered by coinfection with ppv ... | 2002 | 12081019 |
| the capsid protein of a plant single-stranded rna virus is modified by o-linked n-acetylglucosamine. | plum pox virus (ppv) is a member of the potyvirus genus of plant viruses. labeling with udp-[3h]galactose and galactosyltransferase indicated that the capsid protein (cp) of ppv is a glycoprotein with n-acetylglucosamine terminal residues. mass spectrometry analysis of different ppv isolates and mutants revealed o-linked n-acetylglucosamination, a modification barely studied in plant proteins, of serine and/or threonine residues near the amino end of ppv cp. cp of ppv virions is also modified by ... | 2002 | 11606576 |
| ginseng extract in aluminium hydroxide adjuvanted vaccines improves the antibody response of pigs to porcine parvovirus and erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae. | ginseng, the dry extract prepared from the panax ginseng c.a. mayer-root contain immunomodulators named ginsenosides, which in the pig enhance the antibody response to viral and bacterial antigens. the enhancing effect of ginseng was demonstrated vaccinating pigs against porcine parvovirus (ppv) and erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae infections, using commercially available vaccines. the potency of the licensed, aluminium hydroxide adjuvanted; vaccines were compared with those supplemented with ginsen ... | 2003 | 12507846 |
| fluorescent labelling reveals spatial separation of potyvirus populations in mixed infected nicotiana benthamiana plants. | the distribution of potyviruses in mixed infected nicotiana benthamiana plants was investigated by using green and red fluorescent proteins (gfp, dsred). full-length cdna clones of plum pox virus (ppv-nat-agfps; ppv-nat-red), tobacco vein mottling virus (tvmv-gfp; tvmv-red) and clover yellow vein virus (clyvv-gfp) expressing fluorescent proteins, referred to here as labelled viruses, were used to characterize the distribution of different potyviral populations (e.g. tvmv-gfp/ppv-nat-red), as wel ... | 2003 | 13679622 |
| suppressor activity of potyviral and cucumoviral infections in potyvirus-induced transgene silencing. | the process known as 'recovery' by which virus-infected plants become resistant to the infection is an interesting phenomenon where both rna silencing and virus resistance fully converge. in a previous study, we showed that transgenic nicotiana benthamiana nibv3 plants, transformed with a mutated nib coding sequence from plum pox virus (ppv), showed a delayed, very specific, resistance phenotype, which was induced by the initial infection. this recovery was the consequence of the activation of a ... | 2003 | 13679623 |
| detection of porcine teschoviruses and enteroviruses by lightcycler real-time pcr. | porcine picornaviruses comprising at least 23 serotypes grouped into six species were described as causative agents of neurological disorders, reproductive failure, and aphthae-like dermal lesions of swine. other viruses such as classical swine fever virus (csfv), african swine fever virus, pseudorabies virus (prv), vesicular stomatitis virus, vesicular exanthema virus, porcine respiratory and reproductive syndrome virus, and porcine parvovirus (ppv) may cause diseases with similar clinical symp ... | 2003 | 14500127 |
| association of porcine circovirus 2 with porcine respiratory disease complex. | a retrospective study was performed on natural cases of porcine respiratory disease complex (prdc) to determine the association and prevalence of prdc with porcine circovirus 2 (pcv2) and other co-existing pathogens in korea. histologically, alveolar septa were markedly thickened by infiltrates of mononuclear cells. moderate to marked multifocal peribronchial and peribronchiolar fibrosis were present and often extended into the airway lamina propria. among the 105 pigs with prdc, 85 were positiv ... | 2003 | 14550736 |
| risk factors for porcine post-weaning multisystemic wasting syndrome (pmws) in 149 french farrow-to-finish herds. | a cross-sectional study involving 149 farms was carried out in france in 2000 and 2001 to assess the risk factors for post-weaning multisystemic wasting syndrome (pmws). the farms were divided into three groups according to their current or past pmws status: cases (current and typical pmws), controls#1 (pmws-free farms), and controls#2 (farms which have recovered from pmws). two different comparisons were tested: cases versus controls#1 and cases versus controls#2. in the first comparison, the o ... | 2003 | 14554144 |
| the complete nucleotide sequence of plum pox virus isolates from sweet (ppv-swc) and sour (ppv-soc) cherry and their taxonomic relationships within the species. | plum pox virus (ppv) sweet (swc) and sour (soc) cherry isolates were the first ppv isolates to be recovered from natural infection in sweet and sour cherry plants, respectively. their complete nucleotide sequences have been determined finding a deduced genome organisation typical for ppv species. both genomes are 9795 nucleotides long, excluding the 3' terminal poly(a) tail, and contain an open reading frame of 9432 nt, encoding a polyprotein of 3143 amino acids. the nucleotide and predicted ami ... | 2003 | 14579174 |
| do std clinics correctly diagnose stds? an assessment of std management in hefei, china. | the main purposes of the study were to assess the accuracy of laboratory testing and the diagnosis by physicians in sexually transmitted disease (std) clinics in hefei, china. among 347 men complaining of urethral discharge or dysuria, 240 tested positive at the national centre for either neisseria gonorrhoeae or chlamydia trachomatis, 310 tested positive according to the clinic laboratories, and 347 were diagnosed by the physicians. for chlamydia, the sensitivity and positive predictive value ( ... | 2003 | 14596769 |
| virus concentration using polyethyleneimine-conjugated magnetic beads for improving the sensitivity of nucleic acid amplification tests. | to enhance the sensitivity of virus detection by polymerase chain reaction (pcr) and reverse-transcriptional (rt)-pcr, we developed a novel virus concentration method using polyethyleneimine (pei)-conjugated magnetic beads. pei-magnetic beads adsorbed efficiently the enveloped viruses sindbis virus and herpes simplex 1 virus, and the nonenveloped virus sv-40, but not the nonenveloped viruses porcine parvovirus (ppv) or poliovirus, based on the pcr detection data. furthermore, the infectivity in ... | 2003 | 14599674 |
| whole blood samples as an alternative to serum for detection of immunity to measles virus by elisa. | the aim of this study was to evaluate enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) as a testing strategy for detection of antibodies against measles virus from microquantities of blood soaked onto filter paper. we studied 165 healthy children in the age group of 1 to 2 years, attending the outpatient department of pediatrics. two sets of samples were collected from each child. one by venipuncture and the other on whatman filter paper-3 discs of 20 mm size by finger or heel prick so that each strip ... | 2003 | 14711476 |
| a comparison of the lymphocyte subpopulations of pigs experimentally infected with porcine circovirus 2 and/or parvovirus. | 2003 | 12672380 | |
| comparison of the denka-seiken influ a.b-quick and bd directigen flu a+b kits with direct fluorescent-antibody staining and shell vial culture methods for rapid detection of influenza viruses. | the influ a.b-quick and directigen flu a+b enzyme immunoassays were compared with direct immunofluorescence and cell culture for detection of influenza a and b viruses in a total of 255 patient specimens. both assays identified 23 of 42 influenza a viruses (sensitivity, 54.8%; specificity, 100%; positive predictive value [ppv], 100%; negative predictive value [npv], 91.8%). the influ a.b-quick assay identified 10 of 16 influenza b viruses (sensitivity, 62.5%; specificity, 99.6%; ppv, 90.9%; npv, ... | 2003 | 12734274 |
| comparative serologic and virologic study of commercial swine herds with and without postweaning multisystemic wasting syndrome. | a comparative serologic and virologic study was performed in pigs from 5 herds with postweaning multisystemic wasting syndrome (pmws) and 2 herds without pmws in quebec. in each herd, 60 blood samples were collected at 4-wk intervals from pigs from 3 to 23 wk of age. the serum was evaluated for the presence of antibodies to porcine circovirus type 2 (pcv2) and porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (prrsv), as well as for the presence of nucleic acid of pcv2, prrsv, an porcine parvo ... | 2003 | 12760476 |
| multiplex nested pcr compared with in situ hybridization for the differentiation of porcine circoviruses and porcine parvovirus from pigs with postweaning multisystemic wasting syndrome. | multiplex nested polymerase chain reactions (pcrs) were developed for the simultaneous detection and differentiation of genomic material of porcine circovirus 1 (pcv1), porcine circovirus 2 (pcv2), and porcine parvovirus (ppv) in formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissues. multiplex conventional and nested pcr and in situ hybridization were compared for their ability to detect the 3 viruses in such tissues. xylene deparaffinization followed by proteinase k digestion yielded dna of sufficient qual ... | 2003 | 12760479 |
| genetic variability of porcine parvovirus isolates revealed by analysis of partial sequences of the structural coding gene vp2. | the 3'-terminal 853 nt (and the putative 283 aa) sequence of the vp2-encoding gene from 29 field strains of porcine parvovirus (ppv) were determined and compared both to each other and with other published sequences. sequences were examined using maximum-parsimony and statistical analyses for nucleotide diversity and sequence variability. among the nucleotide sequences of the ppv field strains, 26 polymorphic sites were encountered; 22 polymorphic sites were detected in the putative amino acid s ... | 2003 | 12771420 |
| the major envelope protein, gp5, of a european porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus contains a neutralization epitope in its n-terminal ectodomain. | a set of neutralizing monoclonal antibodies (mabs) directed against the gp(5) protein of european type porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (prrsv) has been produced previously (weiland et al., 1999). this set reacted with a plaque-purified virus (ppv) subpopulation of dutch isolate intervet-10 (i-10), but not with the european prototype prrsv lv. in order to map the neutralization epitope in the gp(5) protein of the ppv strain, the orf5 nucleotide sequence of ppv was determined. ... | 2003 | 12771423 |
| inclusion of hpv testing in routine cervical cancer screening for women above 29 years in germany: results for 8466 patients. | in a prospective cohort study 8466 women attending routine cervical cancer screening were recruited. colposcopy was performed on women with any degree of atypia on cytology and/or a positive high-risk human papillomavirus (hpv)-dna test (hc2; hybrid capture 2((c))), and for a randomly selected sample of 3.4% women with negative findings on both. quality control included reviews of cytology, histology, colposcopy images and retesting of samples with polymerase chain reaction. test diagnostic perf ... | 2003 | 12771924 |
| serum aminotransferase levels and platelet count as predictive factor of fibrosis and cirrhosis in patients with chronic hepatitis c infection. | to assess the ratio of aminotransferases in combination with platelets count as a predictive factor for stages of fibrosis in patients with chronic hepatitis c virus infection. | 2003 | 12779023 |
| design and function of a conformationally restricted analog of the influenza virus fusion peptide. | a conformationally restricted analog of the n-terminal 12-residue peptide segment of the ha2 subunit of the ppv/34, pr/8/34, and jap/57 strains of influenza virus hemagglutinin was synthesized containing three residues of calpha-methyl-valine. this peptide has a higher content of helical structure in the presence of 50% trifluoroethanol or when interacting with liposomes of egg phosphatidylcholine compared with the conformationally more flexible control peptide with the native sequence. the cont ... | 2003 | 12787447 |
| establishment of a porcine parvovirus (ppv) dna standard and evaluation of a new lightcycler nested-pcr assay for detection of ppv. | porcine parvovirus (ppv) is a major causative agent in a syndrome of reproductive failure in swine. in validation (viral clearance) studies, ppv is a model of non-enveloped viruses and is widely used instead of human parvovirus b19, which causes a variety of illnesses including erythema infectiosum (fifth disease) in children and hydrops fetalis in pregnant women. to improve the sensitivity of current pcr-based assays for detection of ppv and to standardize the quantification of ppv, we have dev ... | 2003 | 12821192 |
| clinical relevance of total hcv core antigen testing for hepatitis c monitoring and for predicting patients' response to therapy. | to study the correlation between total hepatitis c virus (hcv) core antigen (ag) and hcv-rna, and to assess the proficiency of hcv core ag testing in monitoring and predicting virologic response during and after pegylated interferon (peg-ifn) and ribavirin combination therapy. a total of 307 samples from treated and untreated patients were used to assess the correlation between the total hcv core ag test and quantitative hcv-rna assays (superquant, and quantiplex branched dna 2.0 assay). twenty- ... | 2003 | 12823600 |
| expression of self-complementary hairpin rna under the control of the rolc promoter confers systemic disease resistance to plum pox virus without preventing local infection. | homology-dependent selective degradation of rna, or post-transcriptional gene silencing (ptgs), is involved in several biological phenomena, including adaptative defense mechanisms against plant viruses. small interfering rnas mediate the selective degradation of target rna by guiding a multicomponent rnase. expression of self-complementary hairpin rnas within two complementary regions separated by an intron elicits ptgs with high efficiency. plum pox virus (ppv) is the etiological agent of shar ... | 2003 | 12823862 |
| effect of temperature on plum pox virus infection. | one of the key factors of progress of an epidemic is the duration of virus availability for a vector in plants, which could be influenced by temperature. using five epidemiologically different isolates of plum pox virus (ppv) we studied the effect of temperature on the virus infectivity, intensity of disease symptoms and virus accumulation in nicotiana benthamiana plants as determined by a double-antibody sandwich-enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (das-elisa). no differences in infectivity and i ... | 2003 | 12828345 |
| an apricot (prunus armeniaca l.) f2 progeny linkage map based on ssr and aflp markers, mapping plum pox virus resistance and self-incompatibility traits. | a genetic linkage map of apricot ( prunus armeniaca l.) was constructed using aflp and ssr markers. the map is based on an f(2) population (76 individuals) derived from self-pollination of an f(1) individual ('lito') originated from a cross between 'stark early orange' and 'tyrinthos'. this family, designated as 'lito' x 'lito', segregated for two important agronomical traits: plum pox virus resistance (ppv) and self-incompatibility. a total of 211 markers (180 aflps, 29 ssrs and two agronomic t ... | 2003 | 12845439 |
| simultaneous detection and differentiation between porcine circovirus and porcine parvovirus in boar semen by multiplex seminested polymerase chain reaction. | a multiplex seminested polymerase chain reaction (pcr) was developed for the simultaneous detection and differentiation among porcine circovirus 1 (pcv1), pcv2, and porcine parvovirus (ppv) from boar semen. primers of pcv1, pcv2 and ppv were specific and did not react with other viruses respectively. twenty (20.4%) and 42 (42.9%) out of 98 whole semen samples were found to be positive for pcv and ppv using multiplex conventional and seminested pcr, respectively. when the separated fractions of p ... | 2003 | 12867738 |
| elimination of ppv and pnrsv through thermotherapy and meristem-tip culture in nectarine. | the plum pox virus (ppv) and prunus necrotic ringspot virus (pnrsv) cause serious disease problems in stone-fruit trees. in this work, the possibility of obtaining plant material free from these viruses through thermotherapy and meristem-tip culture from infected nectarine shoots (prunus persica var. nectarina max, cv. 'arm king') was studied. in addition, the detection of these viruses in in vitro cultures and young acclimatized plantlets with double antibody sandwich-enzyme-linked immunosorben ... | 2003 | 12898177 |
| [serum antibodies detection for serological diagnosis of severe acute respiratory syndrome]. | to evaluate the significance of serum specific antibodies against severe acute respiratory syndrome (sars) virus in the diagnosis of sars and the concordance of ifa and elisa in the antibodies measurements. | 2003 | 12899765 |
| is hsv serology useful for the management of first episode genital herpes? | first episode genital herpes simplex virus (hsv) infections can be classified into three groups, primary genital herpes (no previous exposure to hsv), non-primary first episode (igg antibody to hsv of the non-presenting type), and first episode with pre-existing igg hsv antibodies. the use of igm to classify first episode genital herpes has not been evaluated. | 2003 | 12902573 |
| virus concentration using sulfonated magnetic beads to improve sensitivity in nucleic acid amplification tests. | to enhance the sensitivity of virus detection by polymerase chain reaction (pcr) and reverse-transcriptional (rt)-pcr, we developed a novel virus-concentration method using sulfonated (so-) magnetic beads in the presence of divalent cations. in the presence of either zn(2+) or cu(2+) ions, we showed that so-magnetic beads were able to concentrate non-enveloped model viruses, such as porcine parvovirus (ppv) and poliovirus, which were not concentrated by polyethyleneimine (pei)-magnetic beads.(1) ... | 2003 | 12913251 |
| in vivo, dendritic cells can cross-present virus-like particles using an endosome-to-cytosol pathway. | recombinant parvovirus-like particles (ppv-vlps) are particulate exogenous ags that induce strong ctl response in the absence of adjuvant. in the present report to decipher the mechanisms responsible for ctl activation by such exogenous ag, we analyzed ex vivo and in vitro the mechanisms of capture and processing of ppv-vlps by dendritic cells (dcs). in vivo, ppv-vlps are very efficiently captured by cd8alpha- and cd8alpha+ dcs and then localize in late endosomes of dcs. macropinocytosis and lip ... | 2003 | 12928368 |
| exogenous porcine viruses. | porcine organs, cells and tissues provide a viable source of transplants in humans, though there is some concern of public health risk from adaptation of swine infectious agents in humans. limited information is available on the public health risk of many exogenous swine viruses, and reliable and rapid diagnostic tests are available for only a few of these. the ability of several porcine viruses to cause transplacental fetal infection (parvoviruses, circoviruses, and arteriviruses), emergence or ... | 2003 | 12934944 |
| parvovirus host range, cell tropism and evolution. | the past few years have seen major advances in our understanding of the controls of evolution, host range and cell tropism of parvoviruses. notable findings have included the identification of the transferrin receptor tfr as the cell surface receptor for canine parvovirus and feline panleukopenia virus, and also the finding that specific binding to the canine tfr led to the emergence of canine parvovirus as a new pathogen in dogs. the structures of the adeno-associated virus-2 and porcine parvov ... | 2003 | 12941411 |
| virus-like particle production at low multiplicities of infection with the baculovirus insect cell system. | the baculovirus insect cell expression system (bevs) was used for the production of self-forming porcine parvovirus-like particles (vlps) in serum-free medium. a low multiplicity of infection (moi) strategy was used to overcome an extra virus amplification step, undesirable in industrial production, and to minimize the virus passage effect. it was confirmed that the time of infection (toi) and moi are dependent variables. higher cell densities were obtained at low mois, keeping a constant toi; h ... | 2003 | 12966582 |
| pathogenesis of postweaning multisystemic wasting syndrome reproduced by co-infection with korean isolates of porcine circovirus 2 and porcine parvovirus. | thirty-two colostrum-deprived conventional pigs aged 28 days were co-infected with korean isolates of porcine circovirus 2 (pcv2) and porcine parvovirus (ppv) and observed for up to 35 days post-inoculation (dpi). histopathologically, granulomatous inflammation, with or without intracytoplasmic inclusion bodies, was present in lymphoid tissues (e.g., lymph nodes, thymus, spleen and tonsil) from 20 dpi, being most severe at 24 dpi. pcv2 and ppv dna were detected in the lymph nodes from 3 to 35 dp ... | 2003 | 12531687 |
| generation and characterisation of functional recombinant antibody fragments against rna replicase nib from plum pox virus. | a monoclonal antibody (mab 2a) able to react against the rna replicase nib from plum pox virus (ppv) was obtained and used for generating a specific scfv fragment. the vh and vl coding sequences were cloned and expressed as a fusion scfv protein to alkaline phosphatase. this fusion protein was able to recognise viral nib in both western and tissue-print elisa blots. the affinity and specificity of scfv2a for nib was similar to that of the parental mab and the region yleafy from ppv-nib was ident ... | 2003 | 12535657 |
| inactivation of viral and prion pathogens by gamma-irradiation under conditions that maintain the integrity of human albumin. | the administration of therapeutic plasma protein concentrates has been associated with the real risk of transmitting viral diseases and the theoretical risks of prion transmission. our objective was to determine if gamma-irradiation can inactivate viral or prion infectivity without damaging a protein biotherapeutically. | 2003 | 12542732 |
| ginseng and aluminium hydroxide act synergistically as vaccine adjuvants. | the dry extract prepared from the panax ginseng c.a. meyer-root (total ginseng (t-ginseng)) contain ginsenosides (g-des) which were shown to have adjuvant properties as demonstrated by: (a) injecting guinea pigs with a mixture of t-ginseng and inactivated porcine parvovirus (ppv) as a conventional vaccine; (b)injecting ppv-antigen and t-ginseng simultaneously but separately at different sites on the animal and (c)injecting only the t-ginseng 1 or 2 weeks prior to immunisation with the ppv-antige ... | 2003 | 12559792 |
| controlled gamma-irradiation mediated pathogen inactivation of human urokinase preparations with significant recovery of enzymatic activity. | human sources of urokinase have led to the contamination of in-process lots of commercially available material with human pathogens. effective pathogen inactivation of urokinase preparations can be achieved through the use of gamma-irradiation. additionally, the presence of a free radical scavenger (ascorbate) and the control of temperature have resulted in maintenance of the enzymatic activity of urokinase without a significant effect on the pathogen inactivation properties of gamma-irradiation ... | 2003 | 14624796 |
| peracetic acid-ethanol treatment of allogeneic avital bone tissue transplants--a reliable sterilization method. | based on the european standard en 1040, the validation guidelines of the german federal institute for drugs and medical devices and cpmp guidelines we tested the antimicrobial effectiveness of a peracetic acid-ethanol sterilization procedure (pes) in allogenic avital bone transplants. | 2003 | 14626574 |
| effects of ultraviolet radiation on marine virus-phytoplankton interactions. | abstract ambient ultraviolet radiation (uvr) is harmful to many biological systems and increased uvr, due to a reduced ozone layer, may have many unforeseen consequences. viruses are the most abundant biological particles in the sea and are thought to play an important role in the structure and functioning of aquatic ecosystems. although an increasing number of studies have been published during the last 15 years, aquatic viral ecology is still in its infancy and little is known about the effect ... | 2003 | 19719609 |
| spatial pattern analysis of sharka disease (plum pox virus strain m) in peach orchards of southern france. | abstract the spatial pattern of sharka disease, caused by plum pox virus (ppv) strain m, was investigated in 18 peach plots located in two areas of southern france. ppv infections were monitored visually for each individual tree during one to three consecutive years. point pattern and correlation-type approaches were undertaken using the binary data directly or after parsing them in contiguous quadrats of 4, 9, and 16 trees. ordinary runs generally revealed a low but variable proportion of rows ... | 2003 | 18943618 |
| factors affecting the spread of plum pox virus strain m in peach orchards subjected to roguing in france. | abstract we evaluated the impact of roguing on the spread and persistence of the aggressive plum pox virus strain m (ppv-m) in 19 peach orchard blocks in southern france. during a 7- to 10-year period, orchards were visually inspected for ppv symptoms, and symptomatic trees were removed every year. disease incidence was low in all orchards at disease discovery and was <1% in 16 of the 19 orchard blocks. the spread of sharka disease was limited in all 19 blocks, with an annual disease incidence b ... | 2004 | 18943711 |
| plum pox in north america: identification of aphid vectors and a potential role for fruit in virus spread. | abstract thirteen aphid species were tested for their ability to transmit pennsylvania isolates of plum pox virus (ppv) collected in columbia (penn-3), franklin (penn-4), and york (penn-7) counties, pa. four species, aphis fabae, a. spiraecola, brachycaudus persicae, and myzus persicae, consistently transmitted ppv in preliminary transmission tests. two species, metopolophium dirhodum and rhopalosiphum padi, were occasional inefficient vectors. toxoptera citricida, from florida, also was an effe ... | 2004 | 18943108 |
| expression of a modified nucleocapsid-protein of tomato spotted wilt virus (tswv) confers resistance against tswv and groundnut ringspot virus (grsv) by blocking systemic spread. | summary tobacco transformed with a construct comprising the nucleocapsid-protein (n) gene of tomato spotted wilt virus (tswv) and the 5' non-translated leader sequence of plum pox virus (ppv) as a translation enhancer displays unusually broad resistance against tospoviruses. contrary to expectations, the transgenic plants did not express a higher level of tswv n protein than control plants harbouring the n gene without the ppv enhancer. instead, expression of an n-terminally elongated n protein, ... | 2004 | 20565598 |
| genomes of the parapoxviruses orf virus and bovine papular stomatitis virus. | bovine papular stomatitis virus (bpsv) and orf virus (orfv), members of the genus parapoxvirus of the poxviridae, are etiologic agents of worldwide diseases affecting cattle and small ruminants, respectively. here we report the genomic sequences and comparative analysis of bpsv strain bv-ar02 and orfv strains ov-sa00, isolated from a goat, and ov-ia82, isolated from a sheep. parapoxvirus (ppv) bv-ar02, ov-sa00, and ov-ia82 genomes range in size from 134 to 139 kbp, with an average nucleotide com ... | 2004 | 14671098 |
| scale-up of virus-like particles production: effects of sparging, agitation and bioreactor scale on cell growth, infection kinetics and productivity. | the baculovirus-insect cells expression system was used for the production of self-forming porcine parvovirus (ppv) like particles (virus-like particles, vlps) in serum-free medium. at 2l bioreactor scale an efficient production was achieved by infecting the culture at a concentration of 1.5 x 10(6)cells/ml using a low multiplicity of infection of 0.05 pfu per cell. in a continuous bioreactor, it was shown that the uninfected insect cells were not sensitive to local shear stress values up to 2.2 ... | 2004 | 14687971 |
| quantification of epstein-barr virus load in argentinean transplant recipients using real-time pcr. | post-transplant lymphoproliferative disease (ptld) is a frequent and severe epstein-barr virus (ebv)-associated complication in transplant recipients that is caused by suppression of t-cell function. | 2004 | 15288615 |
| analysis and comparison of the 4b core protein gene of avipoxviruses from wild birds: evidence for interspecies spatial phylogenetic variation. | avipoxviruses have been isolated from a wide variety of avian hosts, and yet little is known regarding the host-virus species variation of the genus avipoxvirus. we have investigated the variations in the viral 4b core protein gene from six different avipoxviruses based on pcr, southern blot and nucleotide sequence analysis to evaluate the suitability of this region for differentiation between avipoxvirus isolates. southern blot and nucleotide sequence analysis revealed considerable interspecies ... | 2004 | 15290371 |
| geographically and temporally distant natural recombinant isolates of plum pox virus (ppv) are genetically very similar and form a unique ppv subgroup. | natural recombinant plum pox virus (ppv) isolates were detected in albania, bulgaria, czech republic, germany, hungary and slovakia. despite different geographical origins and dates of isolation, all the recombinant isolates were closely related at the molecular level and shared the same recombination breakpoint as well as a typical signature in their n-terminal coat protein sequence, suggesting a common origin. biological assays with four recombinant isolates demonstrated their capacity to be a ... | 2004 | 15302961 |
| experimental squalene adjuvant. i. preparation and testing of its effectiveness. | the authors prepared experimental lipoid adjuvant of the oil-in-water (o/w) type, based on squalene (esa: experimental squalene adjuvant), intended for liquid inactivated veterinary vaccines. the final concentration of squalene in the vaccine was 5% (w/v). detergents poloxamer 105 in the concentration of 4% (w/v) and abil-care in the concentration of 2% were used as emulsifiers. the water component was inactivated virus suspension. emulsification at decreased temperatures (up to 37 degrees c) fa ... | 2004 | 15308373 |
| serum levels of hepatitis c virus core antigen as a marker of infection and response to therapy. | hepatitis c virus (hcv) core antigen is a recently developed marker of hepatitis c infection. we compared the predictive power of hcv core antigen with reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (rt-pcr) and branched dna assay for hcv-rna as markers of infection and response to interferon therapy. | 2004 | 15330912 |
| inhibitory effects of cystatins on proteolytic activities of the plum pox potyvirus cysteine proteinases. | in an effort to develop new antiviral strategies effective against potyviruses, several cystatins were evaluated for their ability to inhibit the cysteine proteinases of plum pox potyvirus (ppv) using in vitro proteolytic assays. the following cystatins were purified as gst fusion proteins and shown to be active against papain:oryzacystatins i and ii (oci and ocii), corn cystatin ii (ccii), human stefin a (hsa), the domain 8 of tomato multicystatin (tmc-8) and a large 24kda tomato cystatin (ltcy ... | 2004 | 15351491 |
| p16(ink4a) expression is related to grade of cin and high-risk human papillomavirus but does not predict virus clearance after conization or disease outcome. | the role of p16(ink4a) as a marker of hr-hpv and in the diagnosis of cin has been well established, but its predictive value in the clearance of the virus after cin treatment and its use as a prognostic marker of cervical cancer has not been studied. a series of 302 archival samples, including 150 squamous cell carcinomas (sccs) and 152 cin lesions, were subjected to immunohistochemical staining for p16(ink4a) and hpv testing using pcr with three primer sets (my09/11, gp5/gp6, spf). follow-up da ... | 2004 | 15381905 |
| human papillomavirus (hpv) testing in the management of women with abnormal pap smears. experience of a colposcopy referral clinic. | several detailed algorithms for the appropriate use of human papillomavirus (hpv) testing in the management of women with abnormal pap (papanicolaou) smears have been launched, but their direct country-to-country adoption is difficult. this necessitates their testing in individual settings, which is ongoing in our colposcopy referral clinic. | 2004 | 15493169 |
| the predictive value of p16(ink4a) and hybrid capture 2 human papillomavirus testing for high-grade cervical intraepithelial neoplasia. | we performed p16(ink4a) immunocytochemical analysis and hybrid capture 2 (hc2; digene, gaithersburg, md) high-risk hpv testing on 210 abnormal surepath (tripath imaging, burlington, nc) papanicolaou specimens diagnosed as low-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion (lsil) or high grade squamous intraepithelial lesion (hsil). the results were compared with 121 follow-up biopsy specimens. p16(ink4a) was positive in 57.9% of women with lsil compared with 97.1% of women with hsil. in contrast, hc2 tes ... | 2004 | 15539381 |
| stability of gene silencing-based resistance to plum pox virus in transgenic plum (prunus domestica l.) under field conditions. | plum pox virus (ppv) is one of the most devastating diseases of prunus species. since few sources of resistance to ppv have been identified, transgene-based resistance offers a complementary approach to developing ppv-resistant stone fruit cultivars. c5, a transgenic clone of prunus domestica l., containing the ppv coat protein (cp) gene, has been described as highly resistant to ppv in greenhouse tests, displaying characteristics typical of post-transcriptional gene silencing (ptgs). we show in ... | 2004 | 15587267 |
| a simplified rt-pcr-based detection of recombinant plum pox virus isolates. | closely related natural plum pox virus (ppv) isolates derived from homologous rna recombination between ppv-d and ppv-m have been recently identified and shown naturally spread in several european countries. as their serological properties were identical with those of conventional ppv-m isolates, they could be detected only by combined analysis of at least two different genome parts. to simplify the detection of such recombinants primers specific to ppv-m and ppv-d sequences with binding sites l ... | 2004 | 15595211 |
| simultaneous detection of six stone fruit viruses by non-isotopic molecular hybridization using a unique riboprobe or 'polyprobe'. | a new strategy for the simultaneous detection of plant viruses by molecular hybridization has been developed. two, four or six viral sequences were fused in tandem and transcribed to render unique riboprobes and designated as 'polyprobes'. the 'polyprobe four' (poly 4) covered the four ilarviruses affecting stone fruit trees including apple mosaic virus (apmv), prunus necrotic ringspot virus (pnrsv), prune dwarf virus (pdv), and american plum line pattern virus (aplpv) whereas the 'polyprobe two ... | 2004 | 15664050 |
| properties of a virus isolated from vernonia amygdalina del. in lagos, nigeria. | a previously uncharacterized virus tentatively named vernonia green vein-banding virus (vgvbv) was isolated from vernonia amygdalina del. ("bitterleaf") from lagos, nigeria. the virus was mechanically transmissible but had a narrow host range restricted to nicotiana benthamiana, chenopodium quinoa and c. amaranticolor. it was also transmissible in a non-persistent manner by myzus persicae. the virus was purified from n. benthamiana and about 750 nm long flexuous rod-shaped particles were observe ... | 2004 | 15745049 |
| analysis of a quantitative pcr assay for cmv infection in liver transplant recipients: an intent to find the optimal cut-off value. | preemptive therapy required highly predictive tests for cmv disease. cmv antigenemia assay (pp65 ag) has been commonly used for rapid diagnosis of cmv infection. amplification methods for early detection of cmv dna are under analysis. | 2004 | 15911429 |
| specificity of the antibody response to the pneumococcal polysaccharide and conjugate vaccines in human immunodeficiency virus-infected adults. | nonspecific antibodies, which are thought to be nonprotective, have been shown to contribute a substantial proportion of the measured concentration in the standardized immunoglobulin g (igg) enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) for pneumococcal polysaccharide capsular antibodies. the presence of such antibodies in human immunodeficiency virus (hiv)-infected persons has not been evaluated. the amount of nonspecific antibodies is proportional to the reduction in igg antibody concentration tha ... | 2004 | 14715560 |
| interfacial enzymology of parvovirus phospholipases a2. | the capsid of parvoviruses proteins were recently shown to contain secreted phospholipase a(2) (spla(2))-like activity that is required during host cell entry. parvoviral pla(2) domains have little sequence identity with spla(2)s and lack disulfide bonds. in the present study, after bacterial expression and purification, the biochemical characterizations of these first pla(2)s identified in viruses have been investigated, and a comparison has been made with other known pla(2)s. the specific acti ... | 2004 | 14726513 |
| porcine circovirus-2 and concurrent infections in the field. | porcine circovirus-2 (pcv-2) is the necessary cause of post-weaning multisystemic wasting syndrome (pmws) in swine; however, a variety of co-factors, including other infectious agents, are thought to be necessary in the full expression of disease. porcine parvovirus (ppv) was found in the inoculum used in the first experiments to reproduce pmws in gnotobiotic swine. retrospective and prospective studies in the field and laboratory have demonstrated pcv-2 can act synergistically with ppv to enhan ... | 2004 | 14741128 |