| acquired immunodeficiency syndrome--associated herpes simplex virus retinitis. clinical description and use of a polymerase chain reaction--based assay as a diagnostic tool. | to describe 2 patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome who experienced a rapidly progressive, bilateral retinitis due to herpes simplex virus (hsv) (1 case due to hsv type 1 [hsv-1] and 1 case due to hsv type 2 [hsv-2] and to present a novel diagnostic polymerase chain reaction (pcr)-based assay. | 1996 | 8660167 |
| variability of herpes simplex virus 1 gl and anti-gl antibodies that inhibit cell fusion but not viral infectivity. | herpes simplex virus type 1 gl lacks a transmembrane domain but stably associates with membranes through its oligomerization with the integral membrane glycoprotein designated gh. the gh-gl oligomers are essential for virion infectivity and virus-induced cell fusion. monoclonal and polyclonal antibodies were raised against hsv-1(kos) gl as probes for antigenic structure and functional protein domains. antigenic determinants recognized by these antibodies were found to be present on gl expressed ... | 1996 | 8661409 |
| atp and sh3 binding sites in the protein kinase of the large subunit of herpes simplex virus type 2 of ribonucleotide reductase (icp10). | the large subunit of herpes simplex virus type 2 ribonucleotide reductase (icp10) is a multifunctional protein. it consists of a ribonucleotide reductase and a serine/threonine protein kinase (pk) domain, which has three proline-rich motifs consistent with sh3-binding sites at positions 140, 149, and 396. we used site-directed mutagenesis to identify amino acids required for kinase activity and interaction with signaling proteins. mutation of lys176 or lys259 reduced pk activity (5-8-fold) and b ... | 1996 | 8663276 |
| cervical cancer: is herpes simplex virus type ii a cofactor? | in many ways, cervical cancer behaves as a sexually transmitted disease. the major risk factors are multiple sexual partners and early onset of sexual activity. although high-risk types of human papillomaviruses (hpv) play an important role in the development of nearly all cases of cervical cancer, other sexually transmitted infectious agents may be cofactors. herpes simplex virus type 2 (hsv-2) is transmitted primarily by sexual contact and therefore has been implicated as a risk factor. severa ... | 1995 | 8665469 |
| hydrocephalus induction in mice infected with herpes simplex virus type 2 after antiviral treatment. | by using antiviral chemotherapy to moderate the lethal effect of wild-type herpes simplex virus type 2 (hsv-2), a new mouse model for herpes simplex virus (hsv)-induced hydrocephalus was developed. groups of balb/c mice were infected either intracerebrally (i.c.) or intraperitoneally (i.p.) with a lethal dose of hsv-2. the antiviral agent 2'-fluoro-5-methylarabinosyluracil (fmau) was administered i.p. 2 days after virus inoculation. by day 21, 80 and 71.4% of the mice infected i.c. or i.p., resp ... | 1995 | 8669889 |
| [antiviral activity of tannin from the pericarp of punica granatum l. against genital herpes virus in vitro]. | based on cell culture techniques this study has demonstrated that tannin from the pericarp of punica granatum is an effective component against genital herpes virus (hsv-2). the tannin not only inhibits hsv-2 replication, but also shows stronger effects of killing virus and blocking its absorption to cells. | 1995 | 8679095 |
| meisenheimer rearrangement of azetopyridoindoles. viii. synthesis and antiviral activities of 12-carbaeudistomin analogs. | eudistomins, isolated from the colonial tunicate eudistoma olivaceum, have been a synthetic target due to their strong antiviral activity against herpes simplex virus (hsv-1) and activities against certain types of tumors in vivo. in order to examine the structure-activity relationship of eudistomins, 12-carbaeudistomin analogs were synthesized and their activities against influenza a and b virus, hsv-1, hsv-2 and human cytomegalovirus were investigated. among them, racemic 6-methoxy-12-carbaeud ... | 1996 | 8689725 |
| comparison of a dna probe assay with the plaque reduction assay for measuring the sensitivity of herpes simplex virus and varicella-zoster virus to penciclovir and acyclovir. | a dna probe assay was compared with the plaque reduction assay to determine the sensitivity of clinical isolates of herpes simplex virus (hsv) and varicella-zoster virus (vzv) to penciclovir and acyclovir in mrc-5 cells. in both assays, penciclovir and acyclovir shared comparable activity against cell-free virus (cfv) preparations of vzv and herpes simplex virus type 1 (hsv-1) isolates, whilst acyclovir was significantly more active than penciclovir against herpes simplex virus type 2 (hsv-2) is ... | 1996 | 8690764 |
| therapeutic potential of cidofovir (hpmpc, vistide) for the treatment of dna virus (i.e. herpes-, papova-, pox- and adenovirus) infections. | (s)-1-(3-hydroxy-2-phosphonylmethoxypropyl)cytosine (hpmpc, cidofovir, vistide) is an acyclic nucleoside phosphonate with broad-spectrum activity against a wide variety of dna viruses including herpesviruses [herpes simplex virus type 1 (hsv-1) and type 2 (hsv-2), varicella-zoster virus (vzv), cytomegalovirus (cmv), epstein-barr virus (ebv), human herpesvirus type 6 (hhv-6) and equine and bovine herpesviruses], papovaviruses [human polyoma virus and human papilloma virus (hpv)], adeno-, irido-, ... | 1996 | 8701600 |
| peptide sequences of glycoprotein g-2 discriminate between herpes simplex virus type 2 (hsv-2) and hsv-1 antibodies. | the complete herpes simplex virus type 2 envelope glycoprotein g was represented by overlapping synthetic peptides. herpes simplex virus type 2-specific human seroreactivities were mainly seen against three peptides, peptides g2-64, g2-69, and g2-70, located in the c-terminal part of glycoprotein g. this is, interestingly, a region which has strong homology between herpes simplex virus types 1 and 2. g2-69 was the most herpes simplex virus type 2-specific peptide, reacting with 93% (13 of 14) of ... | 1996 | 8705666 |
| isolation of pyropheophorbide a from the leaves of atalantia monophylla (roxb.) corr. (rutaceae) as a possible antiviral active principle against herpes simplex virus type 2. | antiviral activity-guided isolation studies on the leaves of atalantia monophylla (roxb.) corr. (rutaceae) led to the identification of pyropheophorbide a (1), a simple chlorin derivative, from the chloroform extract (fr. b) as a possible antiviral active principle against herpes simplex virus type 2 (hsv-2). pyropheophorbide a methyl ester (2) was also isolated from the hexane extract (fr. a). | 1996 | 8706147 |
| a comparison of referral patterns and characteristics of patients with first episode symptomatic genital hsv-1 and hsv-2 infections in sheffield. | to ascertain factors associated with hsv-1 and hsv-2 isolates in patients attending a genitourinary medicine clinic with symptomatic first episode genital herpes (fegh). | 1996 | 8707325 |
| activity of penciclovir in antiviral assays against herpes simplex virus. | the effect of penciclovir and acyclovir on the replication of herpes simplex virus type 1 (hsv-1) and type 2 (hsv-2) strains was determined in mrc-5 cells infected with 0.01 pfu/cell and exposed to the drugs for 72 h to allow multiple cycles of replication. penciclovir was significantly more active than acyclovir against three strains of hsv-1 and three strains of hsv-2 at 1 mg/l (p = 0.009), 3 mg/l (p < 0.001) and 10 mg/l (p = 0.001). further comparisons between the compounds were made in mrc-5 ... | 1996 | 8707740 |
| highly virulent strains of herpes simplex virus fail to kill mice following infection via gingival route. | virulence of herpes simplex virus (hsv) in mice has been demonstrated to be dependent on the site of infection. in this experiment, pathogenesis of hsv was studied in 2 different routes of infection in a mouse model system. when balb/c mice were infected with 5 x 10(3) plaque-forming units (pfu) of virulent hsv type 1 miyama gc+ strain (hsv-1-gc+) intraperitoneally, all mice were dead in 6 to 9 days. hsv-1-gc+ was recovered from organs such as the cerebrum, cerebellum, brainstem, and spleen 2 to ... | 1996 | 8708138 |
| herpes encephalitis is a disease of middle aged and elderly people: polymerase chain reaction for detection of herpes simplex virus in the csf of 516 patients with encephalitis. the study group. | to assess the diagnostic potential of the polymerase chain reaction (pcr) in herpes simplex virus (hsv) encephalitis. | 1996 | 8708648 |
| immunohistochemical studies on the transneuronal spread of virulent herpes simplex virus type 2 and its us3 protein kinase-deficient mutant after ocular inoculation. | the transneuronal spread of a virulent wild-type herpes simplex virus type 2 (hsv-2) and its us3 protein kinase-deficient (us3 pk-) mutant was immunohistochemically studied in mice after inoculations into the cornea, anterior chamber, tongue, and masseter muscle. after corneal inoculation, the wild-type virus was demonstrated in various brain stem areas including the trigeminal tract and nucleus, the reticular formation, and cerebellar nucleus group. viral antigen-positive neurons were strictly ... | 1996 | 8709864 |
| induction of cytotoxic t lymphocytes by intramuscular immunization with plasmid dna is facilitated by bone marrow-derived cells. | striated muscle is the predominant site of gene expression after i.m. immunization of plasmid dna, but it is not clear if myocytes or professional antigen-presenting cells (apcs) of hematopoietic origin present the encoded antigens to class i major histocompatibility complex (mhc)-restricted cytotoxic t lymphocytes (ctl). to address this issue, ctl responses were assessed in mice engrafted with immune systems that were partially mhc matched with antigen-producing muscle cells. spleen cells (sc) ... | 1996 | 8710913 |
| gender differences in sexual practices and sexually transmitted infections among adults in lima, peru. | this study examined the prevalences of antibodies to treponema pallidum, chlamydia trachomatis, and herpes simplex virus type 2 in a sample of peruvian adults. | 1996 | 8712268 |
| deletion of the carboxy-terminus of herpes simplex virus type 1 (hsv-1) glycoprotein b does not affect oligomerization, heparin-binding activity, or its ability to protect against hsv challenge. | a recombinant vaccinia virus designated vgbt which expresses a truncated secreted herpes simplex virus gb (gbt) was constructed and compared to v11gb, a vaccinia recombinant previously studied which expresses gb exclusively on the surface of infected cells. indirect immunofluorescence assay (ifa) revealed that gbt was strongly associated with the surface of infected cells despite being released slowly into the cell culture medium. both gb and gbt existed as oligomers, and both membrane bound and ... | 1996 | 8712932 |
| immunomodulatory effects of hsv2 glycoprotein d in hsv1 infected mice: implications for immunotherapy of recurrent hsv infection. | immunological analyses in this laboratory and others have suggested that a nonrecurrent hsv seropositive immune status is more closely correlated with a type 1 t helper cell (th1) response characterized by elevated levels of interferon-gamma and il2 rather than high titers of virus-specific antibodies. effective intervention with an immunotherapeutic vaccine may require modulation of the regulatory network of t helper cells such that there is selective restimulation and expansion of the th1 resp ... | 1995 | 8719523 |
| herpesvirus infections of the vulva. | | 1996 | 8723819 |
| detection of viral antigen in the endolymphatic sac. | a study was devised to determine whether or not any immune defense mechanism is present when a virus invades the human endolymphatic sac (es). the es was removed from 14 fresh autopsy cases having no known pre-mortem diseases in the middle and inner ears. specimens were then examined for viral antigens including herpes simplex (hsv) type 1 and 2, mumps and cytomegalovirus using immunohistochemical methods. dna examination by in situ hybridization was also performed for hsv. hsv antigen and dna w ... | 1996 | 8737782 |
| recurrent meningitis and encephalitis associated with herpes simplex type 2: demonstration by polymerase chain reaction. | | 1996 | 8738952 |
| famciclovir: review of clinical efficacy and safety. | famciclovir is the well-absorbed oral form of penciclovir, an antiviral agent with potent activity against varicella-zoster virus (vzv) and herpes simplex virus (hsv-1) and 2 (hsv-2). after oral administration, famciclovir is rapidly converted to penciclovir with a bioavailability of 77%. penciclovir is efficiently phosphorylated to the active metabolite, penciclovir-triphosphate, and has a prolonged intracellular half-life of approximately 9-10 h in vzv-infected cells, and 10 and 20 h in cells ... | 1996 | 8739594 |
| [a case of neonatal herpes infection which proved to be a mixed infection of herpes simplex virus type 1 and type 2]. | we encountered a case which proved to be a mixed infection of herpes simplex virus (hsv) type 1 and type 2 in retrospective terms by in situ hybridization (ish) and polymerase chain reaction (pcr). the case was a male. the gestational age was 39 weeks and 2 days. the birth body weight was 3024 g. a fever developed from the age of 6 days and he was admitted to the neonatal intensive care unit at the age of eight days. ast was 1042 iu/l, and alt 206 iu/l. in spite of treatment, the patient died at ... | 1996 | 8741714 |
| immunotherapy with low-dose interleukin-2 and interferon-gamma in a murine tumor model. | the aim of this study was to evaluate the therapeutic efficacy of locally administered low-dose interleukin-2 (il-2) alone or together with interferon-gamma (ifn-gamma) in a herpes simplex virus type 2-transformed murine (h238) fibrosarcoma model. in vitro incubation showed that il-2, but not ifn-gamma, had a significant inhibitory effect on dna synthesis in h238 cells. in vivo experiments were performed with balb/c mice to determine the optimal time of treatment with each cytokine after subcuta ... | 1995 | 8746782 |
| simultaneous pcr detection of haemophilus ducreyi, treponema pallidum, and herpes simplex virus types 1 and 2 from genital ulcers. | a multiplex pcr (m-pcr) assay with colorimetric detection was devised for the simultaneous amplification of dna targets from haemophilus ducreyi, treponema pallidum, and herpes simplex virus (hsv) types 1 and 2. by using target-specific oligonucleotides in a microwell format, 298 genital ulcer swab specimens collected in new orleans during three intervals from 1992 through 1994 were evaluated. the results of the m-pcr assay were compared with the results of dark-field microscopy and h. ducreyi c ... | 1996 | 8748271 |
| [the relationship between placental pathology and certain pathogens detected in paraffin-embedded tissues in cases of intrauterine growth retardation]. | to study the relationship between placental pathology and certain pathogens detected in paraffin-embedded placental tissues in cases of intrauterine growth retardation (iugr). | 1996 | 8758801 |
| the characteristic site-specific reactivation phenotypes of hsv-1 and hsv-2 depend upon the latency-associated transcript region. | after replication at sites of initial inoculation, herpes simplex virus type 1 and 2 (hsv-1 and hsv-2) establish lifelong latent infections of the sensory and autonomic neurons of the ganglia serving those sites. periodically, the virus reactivates from these neurons, and travels centripetally along the neuronal axon to cause recurrent epithelial infection. the major clinically observed difference between infections with herpes simplex virus type 1 and type 2 is the anatomic site specificity of ... | 1996 | 8760819 |
| disulfide bond structure determination and biochemical analysis of glycoprotein c from herpes simplex virus. | a biochemical analysis of glycoprotein c (gc of herpes simplex virus was undertaken to further characterize the structure of the glycoprotein and to determine its disulfide bond arrangement. we used three recombinant forms of gc, gc1(457t), gc1(delta33-123t), and gc2(426t), each truncated prior to the transmembrane region. the proteins were expressed and secreted by using a baculovirus expression system and have been shown to bind to monoclonal antibodies which recognize discontinuous epitopes a ... | 1996 | 8764057 |
| synthesis of 2'-aminomethyl derivatives of n-(2-(phosphonomethoxy)ethyl) nucleotide analogues as potential antiviral agents. | a series of purine and pyrimidine n-(2-(phosphonomethoxy)ethyl) derivatives bearing aminomethyl, (dimethylamino)methyl, morpholinomethyl, and (trimethylammonio)methyl groups at the 2'-position were synthesized. the compounds were prepared by alkylation of the heterocyclic bases with appropriately substituted (aminoalkyl)oxiranes followed by condensation of the resulting intermediates with dialkyl ((p-tolylsulfonyl)oxy)methanephosphonate and subsequent treatment of the obtained diester with bromo ... | 1996 | 8765509 |
| synthesis and antiviral activity evaluation of some new aminoadamantane derivatives. 2. | the synthesis of some new aminoadamantane derivatives is described. the new compounds were evaluated against a wide range of viruses [influenza a h1n1, influenza a h2n2, influenza a h3n2, influenza b, parainfluenza 3, herpes simplex virus type 1 (hsv-1) and type 2 (hsv-2), thymidine kinase-deficient (tk-) hsv-1, vaccinia, vesicular stomatitis, polio 1, coxsackie b4, sindbis, semliki forest, reo 1, varicella-zoster virus (vzv), tk- vzv, human cytomegalovirus (hcmv), and human immunodeficiency vir ... | 1996 | 8765514 |
| relationship between antibodies to herpes simplex virus (hsv) and symptoms of hsv infection. | to determine the relationship between antibodies to herpes simplex virus (hsv) types 1 and 2 and diagnosis of orolabial and genital herpes, a cross-sectional survey was done among 869 sexually transmitted disease clinic attendees and 1594 blood donors in london. among clinic attenders, the prevalence of hsv-1 infection was 59.5% and that of hsv-2 infection was 22.7%, and among blood donors the prevalence was 44.6% and 7.6%, respectively. the sensitivity and specificity of a diagnosis of oral her ... | 1996 | 8769602 |
| spontaneous reactivation of thymidine kinase-deficient, acyclovir-resistant type-2 herpes simplex virus: masked heterogeneity or reversion? | herpes simplex virus (hsv) strain 1737, acyclovir-resistant and uniformly thymidine kinase-deficient (tkd) by all conventional assays, clinically reactivated in an aids patient in the absence of antiviral drug pressure. investigation of its neurovirulence and latency characteristics in a mouse model using a tkd plaque isolate (1737-14), however, yielded a neurovirulent, homogeneous, acyclovir-sensitive, tk wild type (tkwt) strain (1737-14me), while trigeminal ganglia from a surviving animal yiel ... | 1996 | 8769603 |
| antiviral properties of extract of opuntia streptacantha. | an extract of the cactus plant opuntia streptacantha inhibited intracellular virus replication and inactivated extracellular virus. inhibition of virus replication also occurred following pre-infection treatment--a favourable finding in terms of in-vivo limitation of virus disease. there was inhibition of both dna and rna virus replication, for example, herpes simplex virus, equine herpes virus, pseudorabies virus, influenza virus, respiratory syncytial virus and human immunodeficiency virus, wi ... | 1996 | 8783800 |
| detection of a transforming fragment of herpes simplex virus type 2 in clinical specimens by pcr. the canadian women's hiv study group. | a pcr assay for the sensitive detection of a transforming fragment of herpes simplex virus type 2 (hsv-2) was developed. oligonucleotide primers were selected in xho-2, a transforming region of the bglii n fragment of hsv-2. the assay reached a sensitivity endpoint of 10 copies of the xho-2 subfragment and did not show cross-reactivity with other herpesviruses, including hsv-1. all 42 hsv-2 isolates scored positive in the assay. the xho-2 pcr assay was evaluated with 216 clinical specimens and t ... | 1996 | 8784564 |
| disseminated herpes simplex virus infection presenting as fever in the newborn--a lethal outcome. | the clinical course of a neonate who presented with fever and tachypnea on day 6 of life is described. he developed disseminated intravascular coagulopathy, hepatic failure, coma and expired at 14 days of age. the post mortem viral cultures from liver, adrenal and lungs were positive for hsv type 2. the fatal outcome of this case of fever, due to hsv infection, emphasizes the need for early treatment of suspicious cases of hsv infection. hsv should be considered in the differential diagnosis of ... | 1996 | 8793716 |
| recurring episodes of meningitis (mollaret's meningitis) with one showing an association with herpes simplex virus type 2. | benign recurrent aseptic (mollaret's) meningitis is a rare disease of unknown aetiology. we report the case of a 27-year-old woman who experienced three episodes of lymphocytic meningitis. human simplex virus (hsv) type 2 dna was detected in the csf by pcr amplification indicating the diagnosis of recurrent hsv type 2 meningitis. our observation suggests that search of herpes virus dna by pcr amplification on csf may be useful in unexplained recurrent meningitis. | 1996 | 8793718 |
| detection of herpes simplex virus dna in cerebrospinal fluid samples using the polymerase chain reaction and microplate hybridization. | as conventional polymerase chain reaction (pcr) procedures are time-consuming and laborious, we developed and evaluated a rapid semi-automatic microplate method to detect the amplified pcr products. the use of pcr, with subsequent hybridization in microplates, is described for the detection of herpes simplex virus (hsv) dna in cerebrospinal fluid samples. the principle of the method is based on two phases. firstly, the amplification of the viral dna in the sample is undertaken using a pair of pr ... | 1996 | 8793825 |
| new antiherpesvirus agents. their targets and therapeutic potential. | of the large number of agents under development for the treatment of herpes virus infections [herpes simplex virus types 1 and 2 (hsv-1 and hsv-2), varicella zoster virus (vzv), cytomegalovirus (cmv), epstein-barr virus (ebv)], only ten have apparently reached clinical development. aciclovir was approved for the treatment of hsv infections over 10 years ago, and it remains an important and reliable antiviral agent. recent approvals in some countries of valaciclovir for vzv infection and famciclo ... | 1996 | 8799682 |
| effect of age and route of inoculation on outcome of neonatal herpes simplex virus infection in guinea pigs. | the morbidity and mortality of neonatal herpes simplex virus infection remains unacceptably high despite antiviral therapy. a better understanding of factors that might contribute to this poor outcome is needed but has been hindered by a lack of a good animal model. the recently described guinea pig model of neonatal hsv-2 infection was used to explore the effect of age and route of inoculation on the outcome of infection. after intranasal inoculation the onset, extent, and severity of the prima ... | 1996 | 8801285 |
| epidemiology of herpes simplex virus type 2 infections in a high-risk adolescent population. | the seroprevalence of infection with type 2 herpes simplex virus (hsv-2) was determined in 135 adolescents detained in a juvenile detention facility. a total of 16% of enrollees were seropositive for hsv-2. age of onset of sexual intercourse, number of lifetime partners, frequency of condom use, and history of sexually transmitted diseases did not predict hsv-2 seropositivity. | 1996 | 8803729 |
| evaluation of antiherpetic compounds using a gastric cancer cell line: pronounced activity of bvdu against herpes simplex virus replication. | we developed a rapid and simple method for the screening of antiviral agents against herpes simplex virus (hsv) in a model of gastrointestinal herpetic infection in vitro. this method was based on inhibition of hsv-induced cytopathogenicity in gastric adenocarcinoma mkn-28 cells, as monitored by an mtt colorimetric assay. from the various compounds that were evaluated for their activity against hsv-1 and hsv-2, brivudine (bvdu) emerged as the most effective. when the 50% effective concentration ... | 1996 | 8805100 |
| unique fold and active site in cytomegalovirus protease. | human herpesviruses are responsible for a variety of diseases. they are divided into three subfamilies: alpha includes herpes simplex viruses (hsv-1 and hsv-2) and varicella-zoster virus (vzv); beta includes cytomegalovirus (cmv) and human herpesvirus-6 (hhv-6); and gamma includes epstein-barr virus (ebv). each virus encodes a serine protease that is essential for its replication and is a potential target for therapeutic intervention. human cmv is a ubiquitous opportunistic pathogen that can res ... | 1996 | 8805707 |
| cellular uptake and biological effects of antisense oligodeoxynucleotide analogs targeted to herpes simplex virus. | in this study, we synthesized antisense oligodeoxynucleotides (odns) with phosphodiester, phosphorothioate (s-odns), or methylphosphonate linkages complementary to the splicing acceptor site of immediate-early pre-mrna 5 of herpes simplex virus type 1 (hsv-1). the antiviral activity of each analog on cytopathic effect in cells infected with hsv-1 or hsv-2 was assessed and compared with the cellular uptake of the analog. we found that antisense s-odns showed the most potent antiherpetic activity, ... | 1996 | 8807060 |
| nucleosides with a twist. can fixed forms of sugar ring pucker influence biological activity in nucleosides and oligonucleotides? | the sugar moiety of nucleosides in solution is known to exist in a rapid dynamic equilibrium between extreme northern and southern conformations as defined in the pseudorotational cycle. in the present work, we describe how the bicyclo[3.1.0]hexane template fixes the ring pucker of 2'-deoxy-methanocarba-nucleosides 1-5 and 12 to values corresponding to either one of these two extreme conformations that are typical of nucleosides. the syntheses of the fixed northern conformers 1-5 were performed ... | 1996 | 8809162 |
| subclinical shedding of hsv: its potential for reduction by antiviral therapy. | | 1996 | 8815678 |
| seroepidemiology and control of genital herpes: the value of type specific antibodies to herpes simplex virus. | herpes simplex virus (hsv) type 2 is the main cause of genital herpes infections. conventional serological techniques cannot discriminate between antibodies specific to hsv types 1 and 2, so these methods cannot be used in the seroepidemiological investigation of genital herpes infections. the discovery of type specific antigens in hsv-1 and hsv-2, most notably glycoprotein g (gg), has been successfully exploited to develop assays for the detection of type specific hsv antibody. the presence of ... | 1996 | 8820192 |
| disseminated herpesvirus infection during pregnancy. | a case of disseminated herpes simplex virus infection during pregnancy is reported, and 26 similar cases are reviewed. the present case was unusual in that it occurred in the 12th week of gestation, whereas all but one of the other cases occurred in the second or third trimester. this rare complication is generally preceded by a flu-like prodrome with or without oral or genital lesions. the clinical presentation is (1) encephalitis without hepatic involvement, (2) hepatitis with or without centr ... | 1996 | 8824966 |
| inoculation herpes simplex virus infections in patients with aids: unusual appearance and location of lesions. | two patients with aids developed protracted infection due to autoinoculation of herpes simplex virus in the great toe and the external ear, respectively, both unusual areas for inoculation. the appearances of the lesions were also unusual; severe hyperkeratosis was noted in both cases and a mass lesion in the external ear in one case. both patients' conditions responded to acyclovir, although one patient required amputation of a digit due to intractable pain. in each case, the diagnosis was dela ... | 1996 | 8824981 |
| lack of detection of hsv dna in pbmcs and lymph nodes of hiv-infected persons. | | 1996 | 8825709 |
| the relationship of human papillomavirus-related cervical tumors to cigarette smoking, oral contraceptive use, and prior herpes simplex virus type 2 infection. | it has now been established that infection with human papillomavirus (hpv) is necessary for the development of most cervical cancers. hpv is not sufficient for the development of cancer. other exposures or host factors are necessary for cancer to occur. as part of an ongoing, population-based case-control study of invasive cervical cancer, we investigated the role of cigarette smoking, oral contraceptive (oc) use, and herpes simplex virus type 2 (hsv-2) as potential cofactors with hpv in the dev ... | 1996 | 8827359 |
| acyclic nucleotide analogs derived from 8-azapurines: synthesis and antiviral activity. | reaction of phosphoroorganic synthons with 8-azaadenine, 8-aza-2, 6-diaminopurine, and 8-azaguanine using cesium carbonate yielded regioisomeric 8-azapurine n7-, n8-, and n9-(2-(phosphonomethoxy)alkyl) derivatives. this reaction followed by deprotection afforded isomeric 2-(phosphonomethoxy)ethyl (pme), (s)-(3-hydroxy-2-(phosphonomethoxy)propyl) [(s)-hpmp], (s)-(3-flouro-2-(phosphonomethoxy)propyl) [(s)-fpmp], (s)-(2-(phosphonomethoxy)propyl) [(s)-pmp], and (r)-(2-(phosphonomethoxy)propyl) [(r)- ... | 1996 | 8831773 |
| herpetic croup: two case reports and a review of the literature. | croup is an acute infectious illness usually occurring in children; it is characterized by brassy cough and stridor. the main pathogens include mainly parainfluenza and influenza viruses. recently there have been reports of prolonged croup caused by the herpes simplex viruses. we report two cases of prolonged croup due to herpes simplex types 1 and 2. we also review and summarize the reported pediatric cases of herpetic croup. | 1996 | 8834994 |
| a case of varicella-zoster myelopathy. | early diagnosis of neurological complications of varicella-zoster virus (vzv) is important because of its treatability. we performed polymerase chain reaction (pcr) to detect vzv-dna from the cerebrospinal fluid (csf) of a patient with myelopathy. | 1996 | 8836311 |
| the pharmacological profile of famciclovir. | famciclovir is the well-absorbed oral form of penciclovir, a potent and selective antiviral agent, with activity against members of the herpesvirus family, including varicella-zoster virus (vzv), and herpes simplex virus-1 (hsv-1) and hsv-2. famciclovir is rapidly absorbed and converted to penciclovir. penciclovir has excellent bioavailability (77%) after oral administration of 500 mg of famciclovir. similar to acyclovir, famciclovir is converted by phosphorylation to its active metabolite, penc ... | 1996 | 8840412 |
| a short-term plaque assay for antiviral drug research on herpes simplex virus type 2. | in antiviral drug research, gelatinized growth medium cannot be used after infection to avoid the development of secondary plaques, because agar or other chemicals may interfere with the assessment of cytotoxic activity of antiviral compounds. in this study we evaluated quantitatively the different expression of cytopathic effects of herpes simplex virus type 2 (hsv-2) in vero cell cultures utilizing different periods of incubation after infection, and analysed the incidence of viral progeny par ... | 1996 | 8841042 |
| in vitro study of a double infection by herpes simplex virus type 2 and chlamydia trachomatis. | sexually transmitted diseases (stds) may recognize multiple etiological agents. among them, chlamydia trachomatis (ct) and herpes simplex virus type 2 (hsv-2) cause symptomatic, subclinical and asymptomatic infections of the urogenital tract which can lead to serious sequelae. in the present study the coinfection and superinfection by ct and hsv-2 in epithelial cultured cells from human cervix (hela 229) are described. a double infection, followed by the intracellular synthesis of chlamydial and ... | 1996 | 8841043 |
| a facile synthesis of 4'-thio-arabinonucleosides as potential antiviral agents from d-glucose. | as potential antiviral agents, 4'-thio-arabinonucleosides were synthesized. methyl 3-o-benzyl-xylo-furanoside, readily obtained from d-glucose, was converted to 1,4-anhydro-4-deoxy-4-thio-arabinitol. the protection of hydroxyl groups and the pummerer rearrangement, followed by lewis acid induced glycosylation afforded 4'-thio-arabinonucleosides. the compounds showed anti hsv-1 activity. | 1995 | 8841532 |
| synthesis of carbocyclic oxetanocin analogs bearing fluorine and their antiviral activities. | a new procedure to introduce the fluorine into the carbocycle of carbocyclic oxetanocin in a (c.oxt-a) was developed. the cyclobutanols 5 and 10, obtainable from the 2,3-di-o-benzoate 3, were condensed with 6-chloropurine using mitzunobu reaction to give the cyclobutyl nucleosides 6 and 11, respectively. addition of iodine fluoride to compound 6 afforded [(1r*,2s*,3r*)-isomer 7 as a sole addition product, which was converted to 1. this compound (1) exhibited a broad spectrum of antiviral activit ... | 1995 | 8841601 |
| multicentre clinical trial with herpes simplex virus vaccine in recurrent herpes infection. | the aim of this work was to confirm our preliminary clinical and immunological evaluation of the protective effects of a herpes simplex virus (hsv) vaccine derived from killed virus in the treatment of relapsing facial or genital herpes simplex infection. a total of 142 patients were treated with the hsv vaccine and a control group of 50 were treated with intermittent oral acyclovir (acv). the vaccine reduced annual active disease days in vaccinees to 11.59 (+/- 15.3) after treatment (65.11 +/- ... | 1995 | 8845402 |
| the cell-coded polypeptide u90 increased by herpes simplex virus type 2 infection induces fos and dna synthesis. | lytic infection with herpes simplex virus type 2 (hsv-2) induces synthesis of a cell-coded protein of molecular mass 90 kda, termed u90. u90, whose expression is specific in tumour cells is, in addition, excreted from he cell. to determine if the function of u90 could be advantageous for the virus the protein was purified from the medium of hsv-2 infected cells, shown to be similar to the internalized form and its effect on cell growth studied. addition of u90 to quiescent fibroblast cells stimu ... | 1995 | 8847520 |
| sexually transmitted diseases in australia: a decade of change. epidemiology and surveillance. | survival data in the last decade for sexually transmitted diseases (stds) other than human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) are uneven across the states/territories. the incidence of gonorrhoea decreased by more than 80%, but at different times in different patient groups, different states, and different anatomical sites. there was a resurgence of rectal gonorrhoea in homosexual men in 1989-1991. resistance to penicillin steadily increased, and partial resistance to quinolones has emerged. there was ... | 1995 | 8849191 |
| comparison of effects of famciclovir and valaciclovir on pathogenesis of herpes simplex virus type 2 in a murine infection model. | the effects of famciclovir (fcv) and valaciclovir (vacv) were compared in a cutaneous infection model for herpes simplex virus type 2 (hsv-2). the compounds were administered orally from day 1 to day 5 postinfection. both compounds reduced local inflammation and virus replication in the skin. fcv markedly reduced mortality and virus replication in the nervous system. on the cessation of therapy after 5 days, when the levels of infectious virus in the tissues were reduced to below the level of de ... | 1996 | 8849238 |
| synthesis and antiviral activity of 5-substituted (2's)-2'-deoxy-2'-c-methylcytidines and -uridines. | synthesis of several 5-substituted (2's)-2'-deoxy-2'-c-methylcytidines (8) and -uridines (6, 11) has been accomplished using radical deoxygenation of the 2'-tert-alcohols via their methyl oxalyl esters as a key reaction. anti-herpes simplex virus type-1 and -2, and anti-varicella-zoster virus activities of the newly synthesized nucleosides were evaluated. among them, the 5-iodouracil derivative 6e showed the most potent activity against herpes simplex virus type-1, with an ec50 of 0.14 microgram ... | 1996 | 8851469 |
| administration of oral acyclovir suppressive therapy after neonatal herpes simplex virus disease limited to the skin, eyes and mouth: results of a phase i/ii trial. | neonatal herpes simplex virus (hsv) infections limited to the skin, eyes and mouth (sem) can result in neurologic impairment. a direct correlation exists between the development of neurologic deficits and the frequency of cutaneous hsv recurrences. thus, the national institutes of allergy and infectious diseases collaborative antiviral study group conducted a phase i/ii trial of oral acyclovir therapy for the suppression of cutaneous recurrences after sem disease in 26 neonates. | 1996 | 8852914 |
| polymerase chain reaction on cerebrospinal fluid for diagnosis of virus-associated opportunistic diseases of the central nervous system in hiv-infected patients. | to assess the diagnostic reliability of polymerase chain reaction (pcr) on cerebrospinal fluid (csf) for virus-associated opportunistic diseases of the central nervous system (cns) in hiv-infected patients. | 1996 | 8853727 |
| genital herpes simplex virus infection in females in ibadan nigeria. | in a study of female patients attending the sexually transmitted diseases clinic of the university college hospital ibadan, nigeria, herpes simplex virus was isolated from the cervix of 5 of 117 patients, a prevalence rate of 4.3%. two (1.7%) of these patients had hsv in the vagina. the viruses were identified by culture in hep-2 cell line, chloroform sensitivity test, complement fixation test and indirect immuno-fluorescent antibody technique. only one (20%) of the five patients has hsv-1 in th ... | 1996 | 8855674 |
| cause of oral ulcers in hiv-infected patients: a study of 19 cases. | to study the cause and clinical aspects of oral ulcers in hiv-infected patients. | 1996 | 8863306 |
| inhibition of three alphaherpesviruses (herpes simplex 1 and 2 and pseudorabies virus) by heparin, heparan and other sulfated polyelectrolytes. | the first step of the herpes virus infection is the attachment to heparan sulfate molecules on the cellular membrane. in order to improve the characterization of this phenomenon, we compared the inhibitory effect of six sulfated polyelectrolytes (pe): heparin, heparan, low molecular weight heparin, chondroitin, dextran and protamine on plaque formation by pseudorabies virus (prv) were compared. the pe with the highest antiherpetic effect was heparin, followed by dextran sulfate. heparan sulfate, ... | 1996 | 8867366 |
| herpes simplex virus blocks intracellular transport of hla-g in placentally derived human cells. | spontaneous fetal loss is associated with herpes simplex virus (hsv) infection as deduced from epidemiologic data. to date, the underlying mechanisms remain to be elucidated, but an immune component is suspected. hla-g is a class i mhc molecule selectively expressed on extravillous cytotrophoblast; this cell type does not express conventional hla-a or -b, whereas expression of novel hla-c-like products has been reported. while its function remains unclear, a role for hla-g in silencing nk cells ... | 1996 | 8871634 |
| induction of a protective immune response by mucosal vaccination with a disc hsv-1 vaccine. | the vaccine potential of a genetically disabled herpes simplex virus type 1 virus (disc hsv-1) was investigated in the guinea pig model of intravaginal (i.vag.) hsv-2 infection. three mucosal vaccination routes, i.vag., intranasal (i.n.) and oral, were compared for their ability to protect guinea pigs from challenge with wild-type hsv-2. each was effective, particularly the i.n. route, which almost completely abolished primary disease. this was accompanied by significantly lower challenge virus ... | 1996 | 8873393 |
| effects of the estrous cycle on local humoral immune responses and protection of intranasally immunized female mice against herpes simplex virus type 2 infection in the genital tract. | this study demonstrates that the levels of gb-specific igg and iga in vaginal washes of mice immunized intranasally (i.n.) with a recombinant adenovirus vector expressing herpes simplex virus (hsv) glycoprotein b (adgb8) vary inversely with each other and are dependent on the stage of the estrous cycle. anti-gb iga titers in vaginal washes were significantly higher during estrus than diestrus or proestrus, whereas specific igg titers were significantly higher during diestrus than estrus. this wa ... | 1996 | 8874509 |
| immunization with dna vaccines encoding glycoprotein d or glycoprotein b, alone or in combination, induces protective immunity in animal models of herpes simplex virus-2 disease. | dna vaccines expressing herpes simplex virus type 2 (hsv-2) full-length glycoprotein d (gd), or a truncated form of hsv-2 glycoprotein b (gb) were evaluated for protective efficacy in two experimental models of hsv-2 infection. intramuscular (i.m.) injection of mice showed that each construction induced neutralizing serum antibodies and protected the mice from lethal hsv-2 infection. dose-titration studies showed that low doses (< or = 1 microgram) of either dna construction induced protective i ... | 1996 | 8876149 |
| evaluation of a new general primer pair for rapid detection and differentiation of hsv-1, hsv-2, and vzv by polymerase chain reaction. | the polymerase chain reaction (pcr) enables rapid and sensitive detection of vzv and hsv dna and its efficiency depends mainly on the choice of the primers. primers should hybridize to conserved dna sequences within the viral genomes in order to avoid unreliable amplification due to dna sequence variation between different strains. the aim of the study was to design and to evaluate a general primer pair which permits fast and reliable detection of hsv and vzv. the genes ul 15 of hsv and ul 42 of ... | 1996 | 8877759 |
| enhancement of hsv-dna infectivity, in vero and rs cells, by a modified calcium-phosphate transfection technique. | infectivity of herpes simplex virus (hsv) dna was assessed by employing the calcium-phosphate transfection technique described by chen and okayama, originally applied to increase the efficiency of plasmid transfection by n, n-bis (2-hydroxyethyl)-2-aminoethane sulfonic acid (bes). the experimental conditions and efficiency of this transfection procedure were evaluated comparing the viral progeny titers obtained by the chen and okayama transfection method using dna from wild-type strains of hsv-1 ... | 1996 | 8879137 |
| escherichia coli expressed herpes simplex virus gg1 and gg2 proteins in elisa and immunoblotting assays. | the type 1 and type 2 glycoprotein g (gg1 and gg2) of herpes simplex virus (hsv) were expressed in escherichia coli as fusion proteins with the maltose binding protein (mbp) using the pmal-c2 expression vector. the mbp-gg1 fusion protein contains all but the four amino acids from the amino-terminus of gg1, whereas the mbp-gg2 fusion protein was missing the first 30 amino acids that comprise the signal peptide of the protein. the diagnostic value of these antigens was examined by two methods: (1) ... | 1995 | 8880385 |
| viral serologies in patients with chronic fatigue and chronic fatigue syndrome. | chronic fatigue syndrome (cfs) is an illness characterized by disabling fatigue associated with complaints of fevers, sore throat, myalgia, lymphadenopathy, sleep disturbances, neurocognitive difficulties, and depression. a striking feature of cfs is its sudden onset following an acute, presumably viral, illness and the subsequent recurrent "flu-like" symptoms. it has been speculated that both cfs and debilitating chronic fatigue (cf) that does not meet strict criteria for cfs may be the direct ... | 1996 | 8890037 |
| suitability and clinical application of a multiplex nested pcr assay for the diagnosis of herpes simplex virus infections. | a novel multiplex nested polymerase chain reaction (pcr) assay was designed and evaluated for routine diagnosis of herpes simplex virus (hsv) infections in patients with either putative hsv infection of the central nervous system or suspected hsv keratitis. single-tube amplification of hsv type 1 (hsv-1) or type 2 (hsv-2) dna extracted from cerebrospinal fluid (csf) or from keratectomy specimens was followed by differentiation of the virus type-specific pcr products either by agarose gel analysi ... | 1996 | 8890044 |
| the role of laboratory investigation in the diagnosis and management of patients with suspected herpes simplex encephalitis: a consensus report. the eu concerted action on virus meningitis and encephalitis. | as effective therapies for the treatment of herpes simplex encephalitis (hse) have become available, the virology laboratory has acquired a role of primary importance in the early diagnosis and clinical management of this condition. several studies have shown that the polymerase chain reaction (pcr) of csf for the detection of herpes simplex virus type 1 (hsv-1) or type 2 (hsv-2) dna provides a reliable method for determining an aetiological diagnosis of hse. the use of pcr in combination with t ... | 1996 | 8890768 |
| coinfection of the central nervous system by cytomegalovirus and herpes simplex virus type 1 or 2 in aids patients: autopsy study on 82 cases by immunohistochemistry and polymerase chain reaction. | we evaluated the frequency and histopathological features of concomitant infections of the central nervous system (cns) with cytomegalovirus (cmv) and herpes simplex viruses type 1 or 2 (hsv1/2) in a large series of patients who had died from aids. eighty-two autopsy cases with a histological diagnosis of cmv necrotizing encephalitis were examined retrospectively. cmv and hsv1/2 were detected by immunohistochemistry (ihc) with poly- and monoclonal antibodies and by nested polymerase chain reacti ... | 1996 | 8891073 |
| relationship of sexual mixing across age and ethnic groups to herpes simplex virus-2 among unmarried heterosexual adults with multiple sexual partners. | sexual mixing is important to understanding how sexually transmitted diseases (stds) spread in the general population, and, identifying people who mix across social groups aids hiv-std prevention. the authors examined (a) the extent to which people have sexual partners from other sexual networks (disassortative mixing) in a probability sample of unmarried heterosexual adults reporting multiple sexual partners (n = 545) and (b) the relationship between mixing and herpes simplex virus-2 (hsv-2). a ... | 1996 | 8891715 |
| induction of fos protein expression in spinal cord neurons by herpes simplex virus infections in the mouse. | after the inoculation of a highly attenuated strain of herpes simplex virus (hsv) type 1 into the mouse hind-paw planter skin, a few neurons and glial cells were viral antigen-positive in the dorsal root ganglia (drgs) and anterior horn of l4 and l5 segments of the lumbar spinal cord. fos-containing nuclei, however, were not found in the drgs or the lumbar cord segments. after the inoculation of a highly neuroinvasive strain of hsv type 2, many virus-positive neurons and glial cells were detecte ... | 1996 | 8892392 |
| disulfide bonds of herpes simplex virus type 2 glycoprotein gb. | glycoprotein b (gb) is the most highly conserved envelope glycoprotein of herpesviruses. the gb protein is required for virus infectivity and cell penetration. recombinant forms of gb being used for the development of subunit vaccines are able to induce virus-neutralizing antibodies and protective efficacy in animal models. to gain structural information about the protein, we have determined the location of the disulfide bonds of a 696-amino-acid residue truncated, recombinant form of herpes sim ... | 1996 | 8892856 |
| high frequency of cd8+ cytotoxic t-lymphocyte precursors specific for herpes simplex viruses in persons with genital herpes. | herpes simplex virus (hsv)-specific cd8+ cytotoxic t lymphocytes (ctl) have rarely been detected in humans, presumably because of virus-induced mechanisms that downregulate major histocompatibility complex class i expression. we have developed a method that has allowed us to consistently demonstrate hsv-specific cd8+ precursor ctl (pctl) from hsv type 1- and 2-seropositive persons. major histocompatibility complex-restricted hsv-specific cd8+ pctl were found in 10 consecutively tested hsv type 1 ... | 1996 | 8892947 |
| chronic meningitis due to herpes simplex virus in an immunocompetent host. | herpes simplex virus (hsv) typically causes mucocutaneous disease, encephalitis, and acute men ingitis. there have been no previous reports of chronic meningitis due to this virus. a case of chronic meningitis due to herpes simplex virus type 2 (hsv-2) in a previously healthy 35-year-old woman whose predominant symptoms were headache and meningism without fever is described. analysis of cerebrospinal fluid (csf) revealed a lymphocytic pleocytosis, elevated protein, and hypoglycorrhachia. the dia ... | 1996 | 8894573 |
| t cell recognition and cytokine production elicited by common and type-specific glycoproteins of herpes simplex virus type 1 and type 2. | t cell recognition of common and type-specific herpes simplex virus (hsv) glycoproteins was measured in 72 subjects. t cells were stimulated with whole hsv-2 antigen and glycoproteins gb2, gd2, and gg2. t cell proliferation in response to hsv-2 antigen and gg2 was significantly higher in subjects with hsv-2 infection than in those with hsv-1 infection only; responses to gb2 and gd2 were the same. t helper (th) type 1 and th2 cytokine production in response to whole hsv-2 antigen, gb2, and gd2 wa ... | 1996 | 8896488 |
| ex vivo protocol for testing virus survival on human skin: experiments with herpesvirus 2. | we report an ex vivo method, which uses pieces of human skin excised during routine plastic surgery, for testing survival of hazardous pathogens. using this procedure, we compared the survival of human herpesvirus 2 on human skin and on metal disks. at the physiological skin temperature of 32 degrees c, the half-life of the virus on skin was 1.44 h while on metal disks it was 0.36 h. even at ambient temperature (22 degrees c), the virus lost infectivity faster (half-life = 0.96 h) on metal disks ... | 1996 | 8900020 |
| clinicopathologic correlations in acute retinal necrosis caused by herpes simplex virus type 2. | the acute retinal necrosis syndrome is a rapidly progressive and potentially devastating disease. a case of acute retinal necrosis developed in an immunocompetent man, presumably due to the stress, trauma, or immunomodulation related to a craniotomy for a parasellar craniopharyngioma. vitrectomy and endoretinal biopsy were performed. polymerase chain reaction studies of the vitreous revealed herpes simplex virus type 2 as the cause, which has not been previously well documented. results of cereb ... | 1996 | 8906037 |
| detection of herpes simplex virus type 1 by an in situ polymerase chain reaction technique. | the purpose of our study was to develop a method for detecting herpes simplex virus (hsv) dna that combined the high sensitivity of the polymerase chain reaction (pcr) with the precise anatomical localization provided by in situ hybridization (ish). we used in situ pcr (ispcr), ish, and standard pcr methods to determine the proportion of vero cells carrying hsv-1-specific dna before and after 1, 2, and 4 h of infection with hsv-1 or with hsv-2. uninfected vero cells and vero cells infected with ... | 1996 | 8907381 |
| herpes simplex virus type 2 in brazil: seroepidemiologic survey. | the incidence of genital herpes is increasing worldwide. herpes simplex virus type 2 (hsv-2) is the most common cause of genital ulcerations among the sexually transmitted diseases (stds). in order to investigate the sexual transmission of genital herpes infection in brazil, the prevalence of specific antibodies to hsv-2, in populations of high and low risk for stds was evaluated. | 1996 | 8915732 |
| patient recognition of recrudescent herpes labialis: a clinical and virological assessment. | the purpose of this study was to ascertain how accurate the general public was at diagnosing the condition of recrudescent herpes labialis. | 1996 | 8916645 |
| topically applied human recombinant monoclonal igg1 antibody and its fab and f(ab')2 fragments protect mice from vaginal transmission of hsv-2. | a recombinant human anti-herpes simplex virus monoclonal igg1, antibody and the corresponding fab and f(ab')2 fragments were tested for efficacy in preventing vaginal transmission of hsv-2 infection in a well-established mouse model for genital herpes. igg1, fab, and f(ab')2 were approximately equally protective; vaginal delivery of 1-5 ng provided approximately 50% protection, and vaginal delivery of 400 ng completely protected mice from genital herpes infection (p < 0.001). these results sugge ... | 1996 | 8918548 |
| seroprevalence of and risk factors for antibodies to herpes simplex viruses, hepatitis b, and hepatitis c among southwestern hispanic and non-hispanic white women. | few published data describe the seroprevalence of antibodies to herpes viruses and hepatitis viruses among southwestern minority women. | 1996 | 8919741 |
| replication of herpes simplex virus type 1 and 2 in the medulla of the adrenal gland after vaginal infection of mice. | after vaginal infections of mice with neuroinvasive strains of herpes simplex virus type 1 and 2 (hsv-1, hsv-2) virus replicates in the epithelium of the vagina, in the paravaginal ganglia, in the spinal cord and finally in the brain and in the adrenal glands. however, viral antigens could be demonstrated only in the medulla of the adrenal glands but not in the cortex, as assessed by immunohistochemistry (ihc). hsv could not be isolated from liver, spleen, uterus, and ovaries. this contrasts to ... | 1996 | 8920831 |
| long-lived cytotoxic t lymphocyte memory in mucosal tissues after mucosal but not systemic immunization. | the induction and maintenance of long-term ctl memory at mucosal surfaces may be a critical component of protection against mucosal pathogens and is one goal towards development of effective mucosal vaccines. in these studies we have functionally evaluated short and long-term ctl memory in systemic and respiratory or genital-associated lymphoid tissues following mucosal or systemic routes of immunization. our results indicate that shortly after immunizing mice with a recombinant adenovirus vecto ... | 1996 | 8920875 |
| [the effect of opisthorchis on the manifestations of herpesvirus type 2 in an experiment and their possible participation in the mechanism of the occurrence of primary liver cancer]. | the impact of opisthorchiasis on the manifestations of herpes simplex viruses type 2 (hsv-2) was studied. the parasites were established to tend to cause the body's hypersensitivity to hsv-2, particularly after repeated invasions and in summer, the process being characterized by urogenital and bile duct lesions coupled with high proliferation rate in their epithelium. opisthorchiasis became a reservoir and an additional source of viral infection. there were also a definite damage to their reprod ... | 1996 | 8926929 |
| [retrospective study of cervical papillomavirus lesions: early herpes simplex virus proteins as markers of risk for progression]. | specific types of human papillomavirus (hpv) are currently implicated as etiologic agent of benign and malignant lesions of the genital tract. previous studies highlighted the presence of early proteins (icsp 11/12) of herpes simplex virus type 2 (hsv-2) mainly in hpv infected lesions of the cervix. this paper reports a retrospective study on the clinical course of benign cervical alterations in a 70 women population followed-up for 24 months. hpv and hsv-2 (late and early) antigens were detecte ... | 1996 | 8927276 |
| herpes simplex virus type 1 encephalitis in acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. | herpes simplex (hsv) infection of the central nervous system is uncommon in aids and usually has an atypical topography. this review is centred around the case of a 49-year-old homosexual patient with aids who died from diffuse encephalopathy. neuropathological examination revealed necrotic and haemorrhagic changes involving both temporal lobes, insulae and cingulate gyri. cowdry type a intranuclear inclusion bodies were abundant but inflammation was minimal. electron microscopy confirmed charac ... | 1996 | 8930949 |
| neonatal herpes simplex virus infection in the british isles. | this study was set up to estimate the incidence of neonatal herpes simplex virus (hsv) infection in the british isles, and to document the outcome of neonatal infection. paediatricians reported cases of neonatal hsv through the active reporting scheme of the british paediatric association surveillance unit. over a 5 1/2 year period (1986-91) 76 infants with neonatal hsv infection were reported, an incidence of recognised infection in the british isles of 1.65/100000 livebirths. twenty-five infan ... | 1996 | 8931058 |