Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year(sorted ascending) Filter | PMID Filter |
|---|
| expression of the herpes simplex virus type-2 major dna-binding protein (icp8) gene in cos-1 cells. | by the use of an sv40 origin of replication plasmid vector and the cos-1 cell system, expression of the gene encoding the herpes simplex virus type-2 (hsv-2) major dna binding protein (icp8) has been achieved. the hsv-2 4.5 kb bglii 0 dna fragment containing the icp8 coding region was inserted into the plasmid vector psvod containing the sv40 origin of replication. transfection of cos-1 cells by the resultant recombinant plasmid (psvod20), and subsequent multiplication of this plasmid, led to th ... | 1985 | 3000103 |
| multistep transformation by defined fragments of herpes simplex virus type 2 dna: oncogenic region and its gene product. | diploid syrian hamster embryo cells transfected with bgl ii c fragment of herpes simplex virus type 2 dna acquired a neoplastic phenotype. cultures transfected with its left-hand 64% subclone ecori/hindiii fragment ae (0.419-0.525 map unit) grew into established but nontumorigenic lines. transfection of ecori/hindiii ae-immortalized cells with a 4.4-kilobase sac i/bamhi subfragment within bamhi e (0.554-0.584 map unit; overlaps the right-hand 16% of bgl ii c) converted them to tumorigenicity. th ... | 1985 | 3001705 |
| risk of recurrence after treatment of first-episode genital herpes with intravenous acyclovir. | to determine whether intravenous acyclovir treatment for a first episode of genital herpes could prevent or reduce subsequent recurrences, we combined and analyzed the results of two independently conducted, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled studies. sixty-one patients were enrolled in the two trials; 30 received the drug, and 31 received placebo. at entry the demographic, epidemiologic, and clinical features of acyclovir- and placebo-treated patients from the two centers showed no si ... | 1985 | 3001952 |
| herpes simplex virus antigen detection in human acute encephalitis: an immunohistochemical study using avidin-biotin-peroxidase complex method. | autopsy specimens from six patients with clinically diagnosed herpes simplex virus (hsv) encephalitis were studied. since immunocytochemistry has been reported to be a more reliable and successful method to identify hsv as the etiologic agent, antitype 1 hsv (hsv1) and antitype 2 hsv (hsv2) and the avidin-biotin-peroxidase complex (abc) method were applied to brain paraffin sections. positive immunostaining was observed in front-orbital, mediobasal temporal lobes, cingulate gyrus, and insula. th ... | 1985 | 3002087 |
| [inhibition of virus multiplication by immunoactive peptides]. | in the present study we show that peritoneal macrophages obtained from the mice treated with the immunoactive peptides inhibit the multiplication of herpes simplex virus type 1 (hsv-1) and type 2 (hsv-2), but not that of vesicular stomatitis virus (vsv), and that the intraperitoneal administration of the peptides suppresses the infection with hsv-1 in mice. | 1985 | 3002570 |
| a close association of adriamycin resistance with expression of cell surface antigens in adriamycin-resistant cell lines of herpes simplex virus type 2-transformed syrian hamster cells. | we determined the properties of three adriamycin (adm)-resistant cell lines isolated from a clone of herpes simplex virus (hsv) type 2-transformed syrian hamster cells. the adm-resistant lines (admr-6, -7 and -9) established by continuous exposure of the cells to adm were 20 to 30 times more resistant to adm than was the parent line. these resistant lines exhibited cross-resistance to daunomycin, actinomycin d, chromomycin a3 and vincristine, but not to mitomycin c, bleomycin or methotrexate. up ... | 1985 | 3005209 |
| acyclovir prophylaxis in bone marrow transplant recipients. | forty-two patients undergoing bone marrow transplantation were included in a randomised, double-blind and placebo controlled trial of prolonged acyclovir prophylaxis against infections with viruses of the herpes group. twenty patients were allocated to receive acyclovir and 22 to receive placebo. acyclovir or placebo was administered i.v. at a dose of 250 mg/m2 twice daily, starting 5 days before transplantation. at 5 weeks after transplantation, administration was changed to tablets, 400 mg thr ... | 1985 | 3006228 |
| mechanism of selective inhibition of human cytomegalovirus replication by 1-beta-d-arabinofuranosyl-5-fluorouracil. | four kinds of 1-beta-d-arabinofuranosyl-5-halogenouracil were examined for inhibition of human cytomegalovirus (hcmv) and herpes simplex virus type 1 (hsv-1) and 2 (hsv-2) replication. 1-beta-d-arabinofuranosyl-5-fluorouracil (ara-fu) was the most effective against hcmv, whereas 1-beta-d-arabinofuranosyl-5-bromouracil was the most effective against hsv-1 and hsv-2. the mechanism of action of ara-fu on hcmv replication was also studied. the dttp pool size in human embryonic fibroblasts was increa ... | 1985 | 3010844 |
| virological aspects on herpesvirus infections. | the family herpesviridae include five important human pathogens, herpes simplex virus types 1 and 2 (hsv-1, hsv-2), varicella-zoster virus (vzv) and cytomegalovirus (cmv). the five viruses are represented in all three herpesvirus subfamilies, a subdivision based on differences in phenotypic properties such as length of replication cycle, cytotoxic properties and host cell range. the herpesviruses have dna genomes sharing characteristic anatomical features. they replicate in the nuclei of eukaryo ... | 1985 | 3006235 |
| plaque autoradiography assay for the detection and quantitation of thymidine kinase-deficient and thymidine kinase-altered mutants of herpes simplex virus in clinical isolates. | a plaque autoradiography assay to detect and quantitate thymidine kinase (tk) mutants of herpes simplex virus type 1 (hsv-1) and hsv-2 in clinical samples is described. this method utilizes the selective incorporation of [125i]iododeoxycytidine, a pyrimidine analog selectively phosphorylated by the hsv tk. only cells infected with tk-competent virus will efficiently incorporate iododeoxycytidine and are the only cells detected by autoradiography. furthermore, this assay discriminates between tk+ ... | 1985 | 3010836 |
| [isolation of an endogenous guinea pig herpeslike virus from hartley guinea pigs with latent herpes simplex virus type 2 infection]. | 1985 | 3017012 | |
| selective in vitro and in vivo activities of 5-(2-haloalkyl)pyrimidine nucleoside analogs, particularly 5-(2-chloroethyl)-2'-deoxyuridine, against herpes simplex virus. | 5-(2-chloroethyl)-2'-deoxyuridine (cedu), 5-(3-chloropropyl)-2'-deoxyuridine (cpdu), and 5-(2-chloroethyl)-2'-deoxycytidine (cedc) were evaluated for activity against herpes simplex virus type 1 (hsv-1) and hsv-2 in vitro. their mics for hsv-1 in primary rabbit kidney cell cultures were 0.15, 0.20, and 0.60 micrograms/ml, respectively; their mics for hsv-2 were about 10-fold higher. when tested in parallel, the reference compounds 5-ethyl-2'-deoxyuridine, 5-iodo-2'-deoxyuridine, acyclovir, and ( ... | 1985 | 3010841 |
| [discovery of herpes simplex virus (hsv)-like particles in biopsy samples of cervical carcinoma]. | the tissue of cervical cancer and hsv-2 infected baby rabbit kidney (brk) cells were studied comparatively by electron microscope. in 2 out of 12 samples from patients with cervical carcinoma, some virus-like particles were observed in the cytoplasm or intercellular space. some particles seemed to be enveloped by endoplasmic reticulum. according to their size, structure and morphology, these particles resembled the herpes simplex virus. the relationship between the discovery of herpes simplex vi ... | 1985 | 3015529 |
| the antiviral activity of tetrazole phosphonic acids and their analogues. | 5-(phosphonomethyl)-1h-tetrazole and a number of related tetrazoles have been prepared and their effects on the replication of herpes simplex viruses-1 and -2 have been investigated as well as their abilities to inhibit the dna polymerases induced by these viruses and the rna transcriptase activity of influenza virus a. contrary to an earlier report, 5-(phosphonomethyl)-1h-tetrazole was not an efficient inhibitor of the replication of hsv-1 and hsv-2 in tissue culture. analogues of 5-(phosphonom ... | 1985 | 2417198 |
| comparative activities of combinations of acyclovir, vidarabine or its 5'-monophosphate, and cloned human interferons against herpes simplex virus type 2 in human and mouse fibroblast cultures. | human interferon-alpha a/d (bgl), an alpha-hybrid cloned interferon, displays activity in both human and mouse cell lines. we measured the effects of this interferon in double and triple combinations with acyclovir, vidarabine or its 5'-monophosphate against herpes simplex virus type 2 in mouse and human fibroblasts. a 75% cytopathic effect reduction assay employing a modified checkerboard technique was used. results in human fibroblasts were compared with those obtained when recombinant human i ... | 1985 | 2418779 |
| detection of herpesvirus cervicovaginitis by a sequential papanicolaou--immunoperoxidase technique. | herpes simplex virus (hsv) infection constitutes an immediate threat to the neonate of pregnant women who deliver vaginally, and thus requires a rapid, specific means of diagnosis that is easily applicable to cervicovaginal smears. we applied the peroxidase-antiperoxidase technique to variously fixed, previously stained papanicolaou smears from 60 women with hsv and 18 negative controls using an hsv-2 antibody and either diaminobenzidine (dab) or aminoethylcarbazol (aec) as the chromogen and may ... | 1985 | 2424682 |
| detection of herpes simplex virus type-2 antigen(s) in biopsies from carcinoma of the uterine cervix. | indirect immunofluorescence technique was employed to detect herpes simplex virus type-2 (hsv-2) antigens in tumor biopsies from 215 patients with carcinoma of the uterine cervix. a total of 169 samples (79%) revealed brilliant nuclear fluorescence. inflammatory cells infiltrating the tumor mass were positive to 60 of the 215 patients (28%). samples showed no significant variation in the degree of fluorescence or proportion of cells binding hsv antibody with advancement in the clinical stage of ... | 1985 | 2431113 |
| study of interferon production during pregnancy in mice and antiviral activity in the placenta. | although the mortality rate after herpes simplex virus type 2 inoculation was not significantly different between pregnant mice and nonpregnant mice, systemic interferon production was very high during late pregnancy compared with that in nonpregnant mice. antiviral activity was detected in placentas from all noninfected pregnant mice (80 to 320 u/ml in 20% suspension). the antiviral activity had a broad spectrum and was also effective in the cells of other species; an antiviral effect was shown ... | 1985 | 2413760 |
| frequency of herpes simplex virus-specific helper t lymphocyte precursors in the lymph node cells of infected mice. | we have established a limited dilution assay to estimate the frequency of herpes simplex virus type 1 (hsv)-specific, interleukin 2 (il 2)-producing helper t lymphocyte precursors (htl-p). the estimated frequency of such cells in suspensions of local lymph node (ln) cells 5 days after in vivo virus infection was 1:2470 to 1:5800. frequencies of htl-p in cells from uninfected mice were below levels of detection of our system and were judged to be below 1:100,000. removal of lyt-2+ cells from resp ... | 1985 | 2579150 |
| studies on the herpes simplex virus alkaline nuclease: detection of type-common and type-specific epitopes on the enzyme. | five monoclonal antibodies to the alkaline nuclease of herpes simplex virus (hsv) types 1 and 2 have been used in immunoperoxidase tests to demonstrate the nuclear localization of the enzyme within hsv-1- and hsv-2-infected cells and to purify the enzyme from cells infected with either virus by immunoadsorbant chromatography. affinity chromatography with a 32p-labelled extract of hsv-2-infected cells has enabled us to demonstrate that the nuclease eluting from the immunoadsorbant is a phosphopro ... | 1985 | 2578550 |
| dna-binding protein associated with herpes simplex virus dna polymerase. | purified preparations of herpes simplex virus type 2 dna polymerase made by many different laboratories always contain at least two polypeptides. the major one, of about 150,000 molecular weight, has been associated with the polymerase activity. the second protein, of about 54,000 molecular weight, which we previously designated icsp 34, 35, has now been purified. the purified protein has been used to prepare antisera (both polyclonal rabbit serum and monoclonal antibodies). these reagents have ... | 1985 | 2578573 |
| antibody response to type-common and type-unique epitopes of herpes simplex virus polypeptides. | herpes simplex virus type 1 (hsv1) and type 2 (hsv2) polypeptides with type-common and type-unique epitopes were identified using cross-adsorbed hyperimmune rabbit sera and western blotting techniques. twelve hsv1 and fourteen hsv2 polypeptides with type-specific epitopes were identified. cross-adsorbed human sera reacted to a subset of the type-specific epitopes defined by rabbit sera. human sera with both hsv1- and hsv2-specific antibodies were identified by their reaction to hsv1-type-specifi ... | 1985 | 2580054 |
| human cytotoxic t cell clones directed against herpes simplex virus-infected cells. iii. analysis of viral glycoproteins recognized by ctl clones by using recombinant herpes simplex viruses. | human cytotoxic t cell (ctl) clones specific for herpes simplex virus (hsv) type 1- and type 2-infected cells were generated and were analyzed with regard to the viral glycoproteins they recognize on autologous hsv-infected cells. by use of target cells infected with wild-type hsv strains, a gc deletion mutant of hsv-1, and hsv-1 x hsv-2 intertypic recombinants, some hsv-1-specific ctl clones were found to be directed against l region-encoded ga/b-1, and others against s region-encoded glycoprot ... | 1985 | 2579149 |
| rapid detection of cytomegalovirus in cell culture by indirect immunoperoxidase staining with monoclonal antibody to an early nuclear antigen. | a method for the rapid detection of cytomegalovirus (cmv) in mrc-5 cells 48 h after inoculation with clinical specimens was developed. a commercially available monoclonal antibody to a cmv early nuclear antigen was used in an indirect immunoperoxidase (ipa) staining procedure performed directly on acetone-fixed cell monolayers in standard tubes (16 by 125 mm). of 190 clinical specimens tested, 30 specimens produced cmv cytopathic effect in tissue culture (tc-cpe) within 14 days after inoculation ... | 1985 | 2581991 |
| antigenic and biochemical analysis of gb of herpes simplex virus type 1 and type 2 and of cross-reacting glycoproteins induced by bovine mammillitis virus and equine herpesvirus type 1. | an antiserum was produced to the oligomeric form of glycoprotein b (gb) induced by herpes simplex virus type 1 (hsv-1) strain 17. this antiserum gave a single common precipitin line in agar gel immunodiffusion with hsv-1, hsv-2, bovine mammillitis virus (bmv) and equine herpesvirus type 1 (ehv-1). it also neutralized hsv-1, hsv-2 and bmv but not ehv-1. absorption of the antiserum with excess hsv-2 or bmv antigen resulted in an hsv-1-specific neutralizing antiserum. in immunoprecipitation, two pr ... | 1985 | 2981966 |
| anti-herpes simplex virus and cytostatic activity of some new 5-substituted 1-(4-hydroxybutyl)-and 1-(2-hydroxyethoxymethyl) uracil nucleoside analogues. | two series of 5-substituted acyclic uracil nucleoside analogues (5-x-acyclo-u) were evaluated for their inhibitory effects against three herpes simplex virus type 1 (hsv-1) strains and one type 2 (hsv-2) strain in a plaque inhibition assay on human embryonic lung fibroblast (helf) cell cultures as well as for their ability to inhibit the proliferation of baby hamster kidney cells in suspension (bhk-s) culture. acyclovir [9-(2-hydroxyethoxymethyl)guanine; acv] and (s)-9-(2,3-dihydroxypropyl)adeni ... | 1985 | 2864819 |
| herpes simplex virus hepatitis in mice: effects of treatment with trisodium phosphonoformate. | clinical isolates of herpes simplex virus type 1 (hsv-1) and type 2 (hsv-2) induced focal necrotic hepatitis in icr/schö mice. the extent of the hepatitis could be considerably reduced by trisodium phosphonoformate (pfa) administered for 3 days in a daily dose of 400-600 mg/kg. the hsv hepatitis in mice could serve as a suitable model for testing antiherpetic drugs. | 1985 | 2869661 |
| a prospective study of association of herpes simplex virus and human papillomavirus infection with cervical neoplasia in women exposed to diethylstilbestrol in utero. | one thousand one hundred thirty-four women, enrolled in a prospective study of the development of cervical neoplasia in women exposed to diethylstilbestrol (des) in utero, were examined at least once a year. twenty-three women developed cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (cin) of different degrees during the 7-year follow-up period and were matched with women who did not develop cin during the study period. serum samples were obtained at the time of entry into the study and at the time of diagno ... | 1985 | 2981778 |
| increased mutation frequency after herpes simplex virus type 2 infection in non-permissive xc cells. | the effect of herpes simplex virus type 2 (hsv-2) infection on the frequency of mutations at the hypoxanthine-guanine phosphoribosyl transferase (hgprt) locus was studied in the non-permissive xc cell line. when the cells were infected with 20 to 800 p.f.u./cell, there was initially a lag in cell growth and cell death, but after 4 days there was no difference in growth rate between infected and control cultures. however, the mutation frequency, as determined by the number of 6-thioguanine-resist ... | 1985 | 2981968 |
| evaluation of two immunofluorescence assays with monoclonal antibodies for typing of herpes simplex virus. | an indirect immunofluorescence assay and a direct immunofluorescence assay were evaluated for typing clinical isolates of herpes simplex virus (hsv). the indirect immunofluorescence assay (electro-nucleonics, inc.) correctly identified 16 hsv type 2 (hsv-2) isolates, but failed to identify 4 of 14 hsv-1 isolates because of background fluorescence and instability of reagents. forty-nine hsv-1 isolates were correctly typed by direct immunofluorescence assay (kallestad laboratories, inc.), but 1 of ... | 1985 | 2985651 |
| herpes simplex virus latency in a hyperresistant clone of mouse neuroblastoma (cl300) cells. | herpes simplex virus (hsv) hyperresistant neuroblastoma cells (clone cl300 rii) were latently infected with hsv-1 if cultured in presence of hsv-neutralizing antibody for one or two passages after infection and then passaged further without antibody. by superinfecting hsv-1 latently infected cl300 rii cells with hsv-2, progeny virus with hsv-1 characteristics was regularly rescued. such retrieval of hsv-1 decreased with passage of the latently infected cells. | 1985 | 2982359 |
| protection from genital herpes simplex virus type 2 infection by vaccination with cloned type 1 glycoprotein d. | guinea pigs were vaccinated with truncated herpes simplex virus type-1 (hsv-1) glycoprotein d produced in the genetically engineered mammalian cell line gd10.2. vaccinated animals formed antibodies that neutralized both hsv-1 and herpes simplex virus type 2 (hsv-2) in an in vitro neutralization assay. vaccinated animals were challenged with hsv-2 by intravaginal infection. animals that received the immunogen in freund's complete adjuvant were completely protected from the clinical manifestations ... | 1985 | 2983428 |
| [prevention and therapy of herpesvirus infections]. | the group of the human-pathogenic herpesviruses comprises five subgroups: herpes simplex virus type 1 (hsv-1), herpes simplex virus type 2 (hsv-2), varicella zoster virus (vzv), cytomegalovirus (cmv), and epstein-barr virus (ebv). primary infection with these ubiquitous herpesviruses usually occurs in childhood or during adolescence and frequently remains inapparent. however, it can also give rise to a variety of clinical pictures. important clinical manifestations of herpesvirus infections are ... | 1985 | 2986378 |
| antiviral activity of cp-20,961 against herpes simplex viruses in vitro. | the antiherpesvirus activity of cp-20,961 [n,n-dioctadecyl-n',n'-bis (2-hydroxyethyl) propanediamine, or avridine] was investigated in cultured guinea pig embryo (gpe) cells. plaque formation of herpes simplex virus type 1 (hsv1) and type 2 (hsv2) was inhibited, but vesicular stomatitis virus replication was not inhibited, in gpe cells treated with cp-20,961 before infection. the id50 concentration of cp-20,961 for hsv was about 50 micrograms/ml for 3-4 days of pretreatment. after virus adsorpti ... | 1985 | 2982759 |
| studies on interactions of dtk-hsv mutants with neurons in vitro. | thymidine kinase negative (dtk-) mutants of herpes simplex virus type 1 (hsv-1) multiplied well in rat brain glioma cells. a proportion (less than 1%) of glioma cells survived the infection with hsv and were designated "survivor" glioma cells. survivor cells of dtk- mutant virus infection ceased to produce infectious virus after two passages and were highly resistant to both hsv-1 and hsv-2 but not to vesicular stomatitis virus (vsv). flow cytometric studies indicated morphological differences b ... | 1986 | 2871727 |
| early intrathecal production of specific igm and igg antibodies and alpha-interferon in herpes simplex virus encephalitis. | a complex approach was used in order to establish non-invasively the aetiology in three cases of encephalitis presumptively caused by herpes simplex virus (hsv). as indicative of brain hsv infection was considered the lowered serum to cerebrospinal fluid specific antibody ratio, which also assessed the humoral immune response within the cns. for this purpose, during ongoing brain tissue infection, the early intrathecal (ith) production of igg and igm antibodies was analysed by a differential enz ... | 1986 | 2873733 |
| induction of chromosomal aberrations in human cells by a temperature-sensitive mutant of herpes simplex virus type 2 and its revertants. | the induction of chromosomal aberrations by a temperature-sensitive (ts) mutant of herpes simplex virus type 2 (hsv-2) strain hg52 (ts 13), its revertants 4-8 and 5-8 and by etalon strains hsv-1 17 syn+ and hsv-2 hg52 was studied in human fibroblast and lymphocyte cultures. the effect on chromosomes of the revertants was tested at permissive (31 degrees c) and non-permissive (38 degrees c) temperatures. at 38 degrees c the revertants could not induce dnase activity. the present results contribut ... | 1986 | 2874732 |
| induction of recurrent genital herpes simplex virus type 2 infection by ultraviolet light. | 1986 | 2870285 | |
| transcriptional induction of cellular gene expression during lytic infection with herpes simplex virus. | herpes simplex virus type 2 causes a severe repression of host cell biosynthesis at a number of levels. we show that despite this, non-viral cdna clones derived from cellular rna species which accumulate to high levels after infection can be isolated using differential screening techniques. by using nuclear run-off assays, we have shown that this rna accumulation is mediated by transcriptional induction of the corresponding cellular genes. | 1986 | 2883998 |
| structural features of ribonucleotide reductase. | herpes simplex virus type 1 (hsv-1) encodes a ribonucleotide reductase which comprises two polypeptides with sizes of 136,000 (rr1) and 38,000 mol. wt. (rr2). we have determined the entire dna sequence specifying hsv-1 rr1 and have identified two adjacent open reading frames in varicella-zoster virus (vzv) which have homology to hsv rr1 and rr2; the predicted sizes for the vzv rr1 and rr2 polypeptides are 87,000 and 35,000 mol. wt. respectively. amino acid comparisons with rr1 and rr2 polypeptid ... | 1986 | 2835765 |
| localization of discontinuous epitopes of herpes simplex virus glycoprotein d: use of a nondenaturing ("native" gel) system of polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis coupled with western blotting. | previously, a panel of monoclonal antibodies (mcab) was used to define specific epitopes of herpes simplex virus glycoprotein d (gd) (r. j. eisenberg et al., j. virol. 53:634-644, 1985). three groups of antibodies recognized continuous epitopes; group vii reacted with residues 11 to 19 of the mature protein (residues 36 to 44 of the predicted sequence), group ii reacted with residues 272 to 279, and group v reacted with residues 340 to 356. four additional antibody groups recognized discontinuou ... | 1986 | 2427745 |
| the effect of food dye and other environmental substances on the host defense reaction in mice in relation to virus infection. | environmental substances were examined for their effect on interferon induction and delayed type hypersensitivity (dth) responses in mice. amaranth, safrole, phenacetin and nicotine suppressed the dth response, and suppressed the serum interferon titers induced by virus infection. however, they did not affect the interferon titers which were induced by tilorone, a chemical inducer. the peak of interferon titer was 12 hours after infection with herpes simplex virus type 2 (hsv-2). therefore, amar ... | 1986 | 2432279 |
| enhancement of host resistance against virus infections by mtp-pe, a synthetic lipophilic muramyl peptide--i. increased survival in mice and guinea pigs after single drug administration prior to infection, and the effect of mtp-pe on interferon levels in sera and lungs. | muramyl tripeptide-phosphatidylethanolamine (mtp-pe, cgp 19835) displays prophylactic antiviral activity in mice infected with influenza viruses a and b, parainfluenza 1 virus or herpes simplex type 1 viruses (hsv/1) and in guinea pigs infected with herpes simplex type 2 viruses (hsv/2). mtp-pe is effective when given in a single intranasal dose as early as 1-4 weeks before infection. in the case of hsv/2 infections, prophylactic effectiveness can be demonstrated after a single topical applicati ... | 1986 | 2433236 |
| acyclovir treatment of disseminated herpes simplex virus type 2 infection in weanling mice: alteration of mortality and pathogenesis. | intranasal inoculation of weanling mice with herpes simplex virus type 2 (hsv-2) provides an experimental infection that closely resembles disseminated and central nervous system hsv infections of human neonates. intraperitoneal treatment with acyclovir (acv) successfully reduced mortality even when therapy was begun as late as 2 days and oral therapy as late as 4 days after viral challenge. treatment with acv beginning on day 1 completely inhibited hsv-2 replication in lung, spleen, kidney, olf ... | 1986 | 2427021 |
| antiviral effect of two aryl-oligopeptides, fr41565 and fr48217. | macrophages from mice pretreated with two chemically synthesized immunostimulating aryl-oligopeptides, fr41565 and fr48217, inhibited the multiplication of herpes simplex virus type 1 (hsv-1) and type 2 (hsv-2) in monkey vero cells, and that of vesicular stomatitis virus (vsv) in murine l929 cells. in addition, the aryl-oligopeptides protected mice against a lethal hsv-1 infection. in particular, when treated with fr48217 at 6 mg/kg, all mice survived, whereas all control mice died from the hsv- ... | 1986 | 2427022 |
| herpes simplex virus specifies two subunits of ribonucleotide reductase encoded by 3'-coterminal transcripts. | we have previously described a transcription unit located between map coordinates 0.558 and 0.595 on the herpes simplex virus type 2 strain 333 genome which encodes two mrnas of 5.0 and 1.2 kilobases that share a common 3' terminus, and we have determined the nucleotide sequence of a 38,000-dalton protein specified by the smaller rna (d. a. galloway and m. a. swain, j. virol. 49:724-730, 1984). the entire nucleotide sequence of the 140,000-dalton protein specified by a 3,432-base-pair open readi ... | 1986 | 2419588 |
| human antibody response to herpes simplex virus-specific polypeptides after primary and recurrent infection. | human antibody responses to specific polypeptides of herpes simplex virus types 1 and 2 (hsv-1 and hsv-2, respectively) were assessed in serial serum specimens from 18 infected patients by immunoblot technology. nine patients had hsv-1 infections (six genital and three oral) and nine had hsv-2 genital infections. antibodies to homologous and heterologous hsv antigens were studied and correlated with total microneutralization and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay antibodies as well as correlated ... | 1986 | 2422204 |
| human cytotoxic t cell clones directed against herpes simplex virus-infected cells. iv. recognition and activation by cloned glycoproteins gb and gd. | results of studies in mice and clinical observations in man indicate that t cell-mediated immunity is important in resistance to herpes simplex virus (hsv) infections. this study was undertaken to elucidate the viral antigen specificity of human hsv-immune t cells. purified hsv-1 glycoproteins gb-1 and gd-1, cloned and expressed in mammalian cells, were found to stimulate proliferation of, and interleukin 2 (il 2) production by, peripheral blood lymphocytes (pbl) of hsv seropositive individuals, ... | 1986 | 2423598 |
| an analysis of the biological properties of monoclonal antibodies against glycoprotein d of herpes simplex virus and identification of amino acid substitutions that confer resistance to neutralization. | four monoclonal antibodies to glycoprotein d (gd) of herpes simplex virus (hsv) types 1 and 2 neutralized virus in the presence of complement but exhibited diverse activities in its absence. amino acid substitutions that conferred resistance to neutralization by each antibody were identified by deriving the nucleotide sequence of the gd gene from resistant mutants. each antibody selected a substitution from different parts of the molecule and mutants resistant to a single antibody always arose f ... | 1986 | 2423636 |
| metabolism and mode of action of (r)-9-(3,4-dihydroxybutyl)guanine in herpes simplex virus-infected vero cells. | the metabolism and mode of action of the anti-herpes compound buciclovir [r)-9-(3,4-dihydroxybutyl)-guanine, bcv) has been studied in herpes simplex virus-infected and uninfected vero cells. in uninfected cells, a low and constant concentration of intracellular bcv was found, while in herpes simplex virus-infected cells, an increasing concentration of bcv phosphates was found due to metabolic trapping. the major phosphorylation product was bcv triphosphate (bcvtp) which was 92% of the total amou ... | 1986 | 2418021 |
| induction of neutralizing antibody against varicella-zoster virus (vzv) by vzv gp3 and cross-reactivity between vzv gp3 and herpes simplex viruses gb. | glycoprotein gp3 (64k) is one of the major proteins specified by varicella-zoster virus (vzv). this glycoprotein was purified on an immunoadsorbent consisting of monoclonal antibody (clone 8) against gp3 linked to protein a-sepharose. rabbits were then immunized with the purified antigen to obtain monospecific antisera against gp3. the monospecific antisera and monoclonal antibody immunoprecipitated polypeptides with the same molecular weights of approximately 64,000 (64k), 106k, and 116k from a ... | 1986 | 2418583 |
| synthesis of dihydrofolate reductase and metabolism of related rna in a methotrexate resistant human cell line infected with herpes simplex virus type 2. | using a human cell line with amplified gene copy for dihydrofolate reductase (dhfr) and permissive for herpes simplex virus type 2 (hsv-2), the effect of hsv-2 on dhfr synthesis and on the steady-state level of total cellular and nuclear dhfr rna was examined. there was a reduction in dhfr synthesis accompanied by a proportional decrease in the levels of dhfr messenger rna (mrna) 1 hr after infection. both effects could be induced by hsv pretreated with ultraviolet light and this early virus ind ... | 1986 | 2418585 |
| herpes-related polypeptides from a human cervical carcinoma cell line. | using antiserum against herpes simplex virus type 2 (hsv-2) infected cells, eight polypeptides with similar molecular weights could be immunoprecipitated from the nearly diploid, human cervical carcinoma cell line c4ii and from hsv-2 transformed hamster and mouse cells. only two of these polypeptides corresponded to those from hsv-2 infected cells, including the putative hsv-2 transformation-related 35k protein. partial proteolytic cleavage products of the immunoprecipitated 35k polypeptides fro ... | 1986 | 3017554 |
| cryosurvival of herpes simplex virus-2 during cryopreservation of human spermatozoa. | herpes simplex virus (hsv) is a sexually transmitted agent which has potential association with cervical cancer, as well as with high morbidity and mortality in perinatal infection. its incidence is estimated just after gonorrhea and chlamydia trachomatis infections. cryobanking of human semen is accepted worldwide in therapeutic use for both husband and donor. serious consequences could follow the clinical applications of cryobanked human semen in insemination, if some ejaculates contain hsv an ... | 1986 | 3017635 |
| prospective study on the relationship between cervical neoplasia and herpes simplex type 2 virus. iii. presence of herpes simplex type-2 antibody in sera of subjects who developed cervical neoplasia later in the study. | paired sera taken from 63 subjects who developed cervical neoplasia in the course of a prospective study on this disease were examined for the presence of herpes simplex virus type 2 (hsv-2) antibody. the first serum was taken at enrollment into the study, while the second was obtained after development of the disease, i.e. 2-4 years later. simultaneously, paired sera from a group of control subjects, who remained free of any cytological and colposcopical abnormalities throughout the study, were ... | 1986 | 3015805 |
| antibody response, recurrence patterns and subsequent herpes simplex virus type 2 (hsv-2) re-infection following initial hsv-2 infection of guinea-pigs: effects of acyclovir. | the production of antibody to specific herpes simplex virus type 2 (hsv-2) polypeptides, the recurrence patterns and the susceptibility to re-infection were studied in the guinea-pig model of genital hsv-2 infection. further, we defined the effects of acyclovir (acv) therapy on these parameters of infection. treatment with acv reduced the clinical severity of the initial disease but did not affect vaginal viral shedding. production of neutralizing antibody as well as antibody to the nucleocapsid ... | 1986 | 3016155 |
| analysis of dna from recurrent genital herpes simplex virus isolates by restriction endonuclease digestion. | in a blind study, dna from 40 clinical isolates of herpes simplex viruses was analyzed by restriction endonucleases to determine whether serial isolates from an individual patient could be identified and whether exogenous reinfection occurred within this population. five of the 40 isolates served as controls. based on restriction patterns obtained following bam h1 cleavage of dna, 35 isolates were assigned to 15 patients. isolates from two patients displayed variation in the electrophoretic mobi ... | 1986 | 3012807 |
| a rapid detection of herpes simplex virus by elisa in asymptomatic pregnant women and neonates. | herpes simplex virus (hsv) was detected by the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa). the assay system employed rabbit anti-hsv-2-coated microplates to detect hsv in clinical specimens and the same reagent labelled with peroxidase as a conjugate. the hsv type 2 obtained from vero cell culture and normal cell lysate (ncl) were used as positive and negative reference antigens respectively. hsv was detected in 40 (9.93%) of vaginal swabs obtained from 403 pregnant women just before the deliveri ... | 1986 | 3016912 |
| purulent penile ulcers of patients in singapore. | in 80 patients with painful purulent penile ulcers who attended the outpatient service of middle road hospital in singapore, haemophilus ducreyi was isolated from 18 (22%), herpes simplex virus type 2 from nine (11%), and neisseria gonorrhoeae from eight (10%). primary pathogens were not isolated from 45 (57%) men. painful purulent penile ulcers were more common in uncircumcised men, and patients had often acquired the disease after sexual intercourse with prostitutes in singapore. | 1986 | 3015775 |
| failure to induce cervical cancer in mice by long-term frequent vaginal exposure to live or inactivated herpes simplex viruses. | c57 mice aged 8-10 weeks in groups of 50 each received vaginal cotton pellets soaked in lysates of hep-2 cells, either mock-infected or infected with herpes simplex virus i, herpes simplex virus 2, and highly attenuated recombinant viruses 5 times a week for 89 to 114 weeks. an untreated group was also included. the mock-infected and some of the infected cell lysates were exposed to ultraviolet light at a dose sufficient to inactivate virus. smears of exfoliated vaginal cells collected once a mo ... | 1986 | 3017867 |
| zosteriform spread of herpes simplex virus type 2 genital infection in the guinea-pig. | a model of herpes simplex virus type 2 (hsv-2) infection was developed in the guinea-pig that permits investigation of the role of neural spread of virus in the pathogenesis of genital skin disease. after hsv-2 inoculation of an abraded area lateral to the external genital skin, virus was first detected in the ipsilateral (to the inoculation site) peripheral nerves or genital skin on day 2 or 3 post-inoculation followed by detection in the ipsilateral dorsal root ganglia and spinal cord on day 3 ... | 1986 | 3018127 |
| synergistic inhibitory effect of acyclovir and human native beta-interferon on the growth of herpes simplex virus type 2 in human embryo fibroblast cell cultures. | 1986 | 3018459 | |
| antiherpetic effects of a human alpha interferon analog, ifn-alpha con1, in hamsters. | the efficacy of a novel consensus form of human alpha interferon designated ifn-alpha con1 was evaluated against herpesvirus infections in vitro and in vivo. at comparable antiviral concentrations, natural lymphoblastoid ifn, ifn-alpha con1, the molecular subtype ifn-alpha, and the hybrid ifn-alpha ad(bgl) obtained by recombinant dna methods conferred similar protection against herpes simplex virus type 1 and type 2 (hsv-2) infections of human cells in vitro. whereas 7 x 10(5) u of ifn-alpha ad( ... | 1986 | 3019238 |
| localization and comparative nucleotide sequence analysis of the transforming domain in herpes simplex virus dna containing repetitive genetic elements. | the 7.5-kilobase bamhi e fragment (bamhi-e) of herpes simplex virus type 2 (hsv-2) dna (map position 0.533-0.583) encodes the 144-kda subunit of ribonucleotide reductase and induces the neoplastic transformation of immortalized cell lines. to define the minimal transforming region of bamhi-e, a series of subclones were constructed that spanned the entire fragment. these subclones were assayed for focus formation in rat-2 cells. removal of the promoter region from the viral 144-kda-protein gene l ... | 1986 | 3020562 |
| lack of evidence for intertypic recombinants in the pathogenesis of recurrent genital infections with herpes simplex virus type 1. | clinical observations indicate that herpes simplex virus type 1 (hsv-1) is significantly less likely than herpes simplex virus type 2 (hsv-2) to establish latency in (or reactivate from) sacral ganglionic tissue. in an effort to identify viral functions associated with latency, we analyzed hsv-1 isolates from three patients with established recurrent genital herpes and sought evidence of dna sequences and proteins similar to those found in hsv-2. by restriction endonuclease cleavage patterns and ... | 1986 | 3020720 |
| the herpes simplex virus type 2 equivalent of the herpes simplex virus type 1 us7 gene and its flanking sequences. | nucleotide sequencing studies (d. j. mcgeoch, a. dolan, s. donald, and f. rixon, 1985, j. mol. biol. 181, 1-14) have indicated that herpes simplex virus type 1 (hsv-1) has a coding sequence, referred to as us7, between the genes for the glycoproteins d and e (gd and ge). northern blot analysis and nucleotide sequencing have been carried out to show that the type 2 virus (hsv-2) has an equivalent to the us7 gene. a comparison with the hsv-1 sequence has revealed some surprising similarities and d ... | 1986 | 3016980 |
| suppression and enhancement of humoral antibody formation by herpes simplex virus types 1 and 2. | intraperitoneal infection of mice and rats by herpes simplex virus type 2 (hsv-2) but not type 1 (hsv-1) resulted in suppression of antibody formation on subsequent challenge with hsv-1 or hsv-2. application of silica considerably enhanced antibody formation after primary hsv-1 infection, but only slightly after primary hsv-2 infection. suppression induced by hsv-2 was, however, reduced significantly by injection of silica 21 days later, on the day of the second injection of hsv-2. suppression c ... | 1986 | 3011967 |
| passage of herpes simplex virus type 1 on chick embryo fibroblasts confers virulence for chick embryos. | the pathogenesis of chorioallantoic membrane (cam) infection with herpes simplex virus 1 and 2 (hsv-1 and hsv-2) as well as chick embryo fibroblast (cef) passaged hsv-1 was studied. it was found that hsv-2 is at least a million-fold more virulent than hsv-1 as measured by pfu/ld50 ratios for the embryo. serial passage of hsv-1 in vitro on cef cells selected for a virus (cefp10) which, unlike its parental hsv-1 strain, is able to kill the embryo. the restriction endonuclease maps of cefp10 and it ... | 1986 | 3020830 |
| x-linkage of the early in vitro alpha/beta interferon response of mouse peritoneal macrophages to herpes simplex virus type 2. | the genetics of the early interferon response of mouse peritoneal cells to infection with herpes simplex virus type 2 (hsv-2) was studied in susceptible balb/c and more resistant c57bl/6 mice and in reciprocal crosses between these mice. wash-outs of the peritoneal cavity of normal c57bl/6 mice contained significantly more cells than wash-outs from balb/c mice. therefore, interferon induction with hsv-2 was studied under standardized conditions in vitro. peritoneal cells reacted to hsv-2 infecti ... | 1986 | 3011968 |
| in vitro activity of ketoconazole against herpes simplex virus. | the effects of ketoconazole alone and in combination with acyclovir and adenine arabinoside upon the replication of herpes simplex virus types 1 and 2 (hsv-1 and -2) were investigated by using a yield reduction assay. ketoconazole demonstrated antiviral activity against hsv-1 and -2 and synergistic antiviral activity when it was combined with acyclovir. combinations of ketoconazole with adenine arabinoside resulted in either interference or indifference. the effects of ketoconazole upon the prot ... | 1986 | 3021048 |
| establishment of mutant murine mammary carcinoma fm3a cell strains transformed with the herpes simplex virus type 2 thymidine kinase gene. | to establish cell systems appropriate for investigating the mode of action of antiherpetic nucleoside analogues, mutant cell strains were constructed from murine mammary carcinoma fm3a cells, which were deficient in tk, but were transformed with a recombinant plasmid dna containing the hsv-2 tk gene. the transformed cells incorporated the viral dna, expressed viral tk activity and showed unusually high sensitivity to the cytostatic action of the antiherpetic nucleoside analogues acv and ivdu, bo ... | 1986 | 3021345 |
| the herpes simplex virus type 2 alkaline dnase activity is essential for replication and growth. | a mutant of herpes simplex virus type 2 (hsv-2), which is temperature-sensitive (ts) for the induction of an alkaline dnase activity, was examined at a number of different temperatures. induction of dnase activity by this mutant resembled that of wild-type (wt) virus at 31 degrees c but was greatly reduced at 38.5 degrees c and barely detectable at 39.2 degrees c. virus dna synthesis showed similar patterns, exhibiting wt levels at 31 degrees c, reduced levels at 38.5 degrees c and very little i ... | 1986 | 3011973 |
| sequences homologous to two separate transforming regions of herpes simplex virus dna are linked in two human genital tumors. | ten human genital invasive squamous cell carcinomas and five human premalignant tissues were analyzed for the presence of selected sets of herpes simplex virus 2 (hsv-2) dna sequences. two vulvar tumors and one vulvar dysplastic tissue were found to contain dna sequences homologous to the bglii o fragment (coordinates 0.38-0.42) and the bglii n fragment (coordinates 0.58-0.63) of hsv-2 dna. these two fragments overlap the subsets of hsv-1 and hsv-2 dna sequences (respectively) shown previously t ... | 1986 | 3022470 |
| elisa for detection of igg and igm antibodies to hsv-1 and hsv-2 in human sera. | a rapid, enzyme-linked immunoassay (elisa) was applied to identify and measure specific igg and igm antibodies to herpes simplex viruses types 1 and 2 (hsv-1 and hsv-2). detergent solubilized infected cells and mock-infected cells were used as antigens in the assay. identification of type-specific antibodies was achieved by a competition assay in which clinical sera mixed with hsv-1 or hsv-2 antigens were assayed for reactivity to identical antigens coating wells of polystyrene microtiter plates ... | 1986 | 3021796 |
| a novel glycoprotein for detection of herpes simplex virus type 1-specific antibodies. | a novel herpes simplex virus type 1 (hsv-1)-specific glycoprotein reactive with monoclonal antibody h1379 was purified by affinity chromatography. this glycoprotein, provisionally designated as gg-1, forms two sets of bands with molecular weights of 40-44,000 and 60-88,000. when used in an immunodot enzymatic assay, gg-1 reacted strongly with rabbit antisera to hsv-1, but not with sera hyperimmune to hsv-2. specificity of the assay was further established by the lack of reactivity of convalescen ... | 1986 | 3021801 |
| binding of complement component c3b to glycoprotein gc of herpes simplex virus type 1: mapping of gc-binding sites and demonstration of conserved c3b binding in low-passage clinical isolates. | the sites on glycoprotein gc of herpes simplex virus type 1 (hsv-1) which bind complement component c3b were evaluated by using anti-gc monoclonal antibodies and mutants which have alterations at defined regions of the glycoprotein. monoclonal antibodies were incubated with hsv-1-infected cells in a competitive assay to block c3b binding. each of 12 different monoclonals, which recognize the four major antigenic sites of gc, completely inhibited c3b binding. with this approach, no one antigenic ... | 1986 | 3021981 |
| asymptomatic virus shedding in men with genital herpes infection. | 13 men with a history of recurrent genital herpes simplex virus type 2 (hsv-2) infection were followed daily for 4 weeks with samples taken from the urethra for virus isolation. asymptomatic virus shedding occurred in 5 men who had 1 single positive isolation each. four of these urethral isolates were typed as hsv-1 and 1 as hsv-2. | 1986 | 3016883 |
| specific transfer factor protects mice against lethal challenge with herpes simplex virus. | bovine transfer factor (tfd) specific to herpes simplex virus (hsv)1 or to hsv2 was prepared by immunizing calves with the corresponding virus. the tfd preparations were then injected into swiss mice in an attempt to protect them against a subsequent lethal challenge with hsv1 or hsv2 virus. it was thus shown that injection of anti-hsv tfd protects the mice against the corresponding hsv virus, whereas the injection of a nonspecific tfd (anti-cmv) fails to protect against a challenge with hsv1. f ... | 1986 | 3019568 |
| efficacy of 2'-nor-cyclicgmp in treatment of experimental herpes virus infections. | 9-[(2-hydroxy-1,3,2-dioxaphosphorinan-5-yl)oxymethyl]guanine p-oxide (2'-nor-cgmp), the cyclic phosphate of 2'-nor-deoxyguanosine (2'-ndg) was synthesized by phosphorylation of 2'-ndg and evaluated for antiherpetic activity in cell cultures and in animal protection studies. 2'-nor-cgmp was effective in cell culture against both thymidine kinase deficient and wild-type herpes simplex virus type 1 strains and also against herpes simplex virus type 2. the anti-herpes activity of 2'-nor-cgmp against ... | 1986 | 3022643 |
| construction and properties of a cell line constitutively expressing the herpes simplex virus glycoprotein b dependent on functional alpha 4 protein synthesis. | we report the construction of a cell line constitutively expressing the glycoprotein b (gb) of herpes simplex virus (hsv) 1. the cell line was constructed in two steps. in the first, a baby hamster kidney cell line was transfected with the dna of a plasmid containing the neomycin phosphotransferase gene that confers resistance to the antibiotic g418 and the gene specifying a temperature-sensitive (ts-) alpha 4 protein of hsv-1, the major viral regulatory protein. a clonal cell line, alpha 4/c113 ... | 1986 | 3022001 |
| autonomic nervous system involvement in experimental genital infection by herpes simplex virus type 2. | peroxidase-antiperoxidase technique and histology were employed to elucidate the peripheral routes involved in hsv-2 progression from vagina towards the central nervous system in mice. 12 week-old female balb/c mice were intravaginally infected with 5 x 10(5)ld50 of hsv-2. sixty per cent of animals developed vulvovaginitis, perigenital alopecia and hind-limb paresia. death occurred at 9-11 days post-infection. colon dilatation and urinary bladder distention were observed in all cases. complete t ... | 1986 | 3022683 |
| genetically determined difference in the antiviral action of alpha/beta interferon in cells from mice resistant or susceptible to herpes simplex virus type 2. | resistance of mice to infection with herpes simplex virus type 2 (hsv-2) is genetically determined. embryonic cells from susceptible balb/c and resistant c57bl/6 mice were equally sensitive to infection with hsv-2 as judged by plaque area, plaquing efficiency, endpoint titration and virus yield. cells from c57bl/6 mice showed a higher sensitivity than cells from balb/c mice to the protective action of two preparations of alpha/beta interferon against challenge with hsv-2. this was evident both f ... | 1986 | 3018128 |
| delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol enhances release of herpes simplex virus type 2. | this study was undertaken to determine the effect of micromolar concentrations of delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol (delta-9-thc) on herpes simplex virus type 2 (hsv-2) replication in vitro. virus-infected vero cells pretreated for 24 h with 10(-5) m- or 10(-6) m-delta-9-thc yielded 100-fold increases in infectious extracellular virus. transmission electron microscopy of drug-treated cells revealed plasma membrane dissolution, distension of the smooth and rough endoplasmic reticulum, and the appearan ... | 1986 | 3018134 |
| type specificity of complement-fixing antibody against herpes simplex virus type 2 ag-4 early antigen in patients with asymptomatic infection. | we evaluated the type specificity of complement-fixing (cf) antibody against the ag-4 early antigen of herpes simplex virus (hsv) type 2 (hsv-2) by comparing a commercial ag-4 cf kit (simplex-2; gene link australia, inc., princeton, n.j.) with quantal microneutralization (mn) and absorption-western blotting in testing sera from patients with and without a history of genital herpes. sera characterized as hsv type 1 (hsv-1) or hsv-2 positive or negative by mn were selected and tested by cf, and th ... | 1986 | 3023439 |
| human papillomavirus in clinically and histologically normal tissue of patients with genital cancer. | to study the association of human papillomavirus (hpv) and herpes simplex virus (hsv) with genital cancer, we collected specimens of cervical, vulvar, endometrial, and vaginal tumors at the time of operation in patients with cancer. in some patients, matched internal-control (histologically normal) tissue was also collected. dna extracted from the tissue was probed with radiolabeled hpv type 16 dna, hpv type 18 dna, and cloned fragments of hsv type 2 dna. hybridization to the hindiiia clone of h ... | 1986 | 3020404 |
| herpes simplex virus type 2 mutagenesis: characterization of mutants induced at the hprt locus of nonpermissive xc cells. | in a previous report, herpes simplex virus type 2 (hsv-2) was shown to increase the frequency of mutation at the hypoxanthine phosphoribosyltransferase (hprt) locus of nonpermissive rat xc cells (l. pilon, a. royal, and y. langelier, j. gen. virol. 66:259-265, 1985). a series of 17 independent mutants were isolated after viral infection together with 12 spontaneous noninfected mutants to characterize the nature of the mutations induced by the virus at the molecular level. the dna of the mutants ... | 1986 | 3023954 |
| the nucleotide sequence of the gb glycoprotein gene of hsv-2 and comparison with the corresponding gene of hsv-1. | the nucleotide sequence of the gb glycoprotein gene of hsv-2 has been determined and compared with the homologous gene of hsv-1. the two genes are specified by the same total number of codons (904); eight additional codons of the hsv-1 gene are found within the signal sequence, and eight additional codons of the hsv-2 gene are found at three different sites in the gene. the signal cleavage, membrane-spanning, and eight potential n-linked oligosaccharide sites, as well as 5'- and 3'-regulatory si ... | 1986 | 3024391 |
| mode of action, toxicity, pharmacokinetics, and efficacy of some new antiherpesvirus guanosine analogs related to buciclovir. | 9-[4-hydroxy-3-(hydroxymethyl)butyl]guanine (3hm-hbg), (rs)-9-[4-hydroxy-2-(hydroxymethyl)butyl]guanine ([+/-]2hm-hbg), and cis-9-(4-hydroxy-2-butenyl)guanine (2en-hbg), new acyclic guanosine analogs structurally related to buciclovir (bcv [(r)-9-(3,4-dihydroxybutyl)guanine]), were evaluated in parallel with buciclovir as anti-herpes simplex virus (hsv) agents. in cell cultures, replication of different strains of hsv type 1 (hsv-1) and hsv-2 was inhibited at nontoxic drug concentrations. the co ... | 1986 | 3024562 |
| the antiviral activity against herpes simplex virus of the triterpenoid compounds carbenoxolone sodium and cicloxolone sodium. | dose-response experiments show that the presence of 300 microm cicloxolone sodium (ccx) or 500 microm carbenoxolone sodium (cbx) during the hsv replication cycle reduced the infectious virus yield by 10,000- to 100,000-fold: ccx is the more potent anti-herpes agent. hsv-2 replication was consistently more severely restricted by either drug than was that of hsv-1. the ed50 values obtained for either drug against hsv-1 or hsv-2 correlate well with data from dose-response curves. ccx, and to a less ... | 1986 | 3025156 |
| herpes simplex virus type 1 and 2 in the adrenal glands: replication and histopathology. | the adrenal glands were shown to be the most severely infected organs in the early phase of hsv-1 infections (up to 10 days p.i.) after i.p. infections in mice. virus could be isolated from the adrenal glands as early as one hour after infection with pathogenic and apathogenic strains. infection of the adrenal glands is a result of viremia. the content of hsv-1 (5 strains) was much higher in the adrenals than in spleen and liver. it peaked at 3-4 days p.i. compared to 1-2 days in spleen and live ... | 1986 | 3015081 |
| evaluation of five cell types for the isolation of herpes simplex virus. | five cells were evaluated in a comparative analysis for sensitivity, specificity, and rapidity in detecting the presence of herpes simplex virus hsv-1 and hsv-2. included in this study were human embryonic kidney (hek), rabbit kidney (rk), mrc-5, mink lung (ml), and microtus agrestis (umma). a total of 274 specimens from genital, throat, skin, or other sources that were submitted for hsv isolation were used in the study. the sensitivity of the different cells was assessed by the total number of ... | 1986 | 3013496 |
| rapid identification of herpesvirus simiae (b virus) dna from clinical isolates in nonhuman primate colonies. | a rapid, simple technique, based on restriction endonuclease analysis of radioactively labeled infected cell dna, is described for identification of herpesvirus simiae (b virus) infection in clinical isolates from nonhuman primates. isolates can be screened within 2-3 days from the time of collection of a specimen from a suspect lesion to final viral identification. isolates were obtained from eight animals with suspected b virus infections. the results indicated the presence of b virus in each ... | 1986 | 3013916 |
| a filamentous distribution for the herpes simplex virus type 2-encoded major dna-binding protein. | monoclonal antibodies reacting with the herpes simplex virus (hsv)-encoded major dna-binding protein defined an intracellular filamentous network. this network was associated predominantly with the infected cell nucleus and occurred in cells infected with hsv type 2. it did not co-distribute with microfilaments, microtubules or intermediate filaments, and dna synthesis was required for its formation. we suggest explanations for the occurrence and function of this novel filamentous network struct ... | 1986 | 3014046 |
| characterization of the tumor-associated 38-kd protein of herpes simplex virus type 2. | the bglii n dna fragment of herpes simplex virus type 2 (hsv 2), which is capable of oncogenically transforming cells in vitro, encodes a 37,800-dalton (38-kd) protein that has been seroepidemiologically associated with uterine cervical carcinoma. polyclonal monospecific antiserum was produced against electrophoretically purified 38 kd from hsv 2-infected cells and used to identify antigenic and biochemical characteristics of the protein as well as to probe transformed cells for the expression o ... | 1986 | 3014138 |
| comparative studies of host-cell reactivation, cellular capacity and enhanced reactivation of herpes simplex virus in normal, xeroderma pigmentosum and cockayne syndrome fibroblasts. | host-cell reactivation (hcr) of uv-irradiated herpes simplex virus type 2 (hsv-2), capacity of uv-irradiated cells to support hsv-2 plaque formation and uv-enhanced reactivation (uver) of uv-irradiated hsv-2 were examined in fibroblasts from 4 patients with cockayne syndrome (cs), 5 with xeroderma pigmentosum and 5 normals. all uv-survival curves for hsv-2 plaque formation showed 2 components. hcr was similar to normal for the xp variant strain and the 2 cs strains tested, but substantially redu ... | 1986 | 3014327 |
| carbocyclic analogues of 5-halocytosine nucleosides. | carbocyclic analogues of 5-halocytosine nucleosides were prepared by direct halogenation of the carbocyclic analogues of cytidine, 2'-deoxycytidine, 3'-deoxycytidine, or ara-c. the 5-chloro and 5-bromo derivatives of the cytidine (carbodine) and of the 2'-deoxycytidine analogues and the 5-iodo derivatives of all four of the cytosine nucleoside analogues were prepared. all of the c-5-halocytosine nucleosides, as well as the parent c-cytosine nucleosides, were tested against a strain of herpes sim ... | 1986 | 3018246 |
| a latent infection of herpes simplex virus type 2 in a human neuroblastoma cell line imr-32. | human neuroblastoma (imr-32) cells were infected with herpes simplex virus type 2 (hsv-2) at a multiplicity of infection (moi) of 2 plaque-forming units (pfu)/cell and were cultured at 40 degrees c for 14 days. then neither infectious virus particles nor virus capsids were detected in these cells whereas the presence of virus-specific antigens was observed by immunofluorescent antibody staining technique in 16.9 +/- 3.2 per cent of the infected cell population. when the cultivation temperature w ... | 1986 | 3015082 |
| [comparative study of the effectiveness of acycloguanosine and phosphonoacetic acid in herpetic infection in cell cultures]. | a comparative study of cytotoxicity and antiherpes activity of acycloguanosine (acg) of the soviet and american manufacture and a soviet preparation of phosphonoacetic acid (paa) for herpes simplex virus types 1 and 2 (hsv-1 and hsv-2) was carried out in primary and continuous cell cultures. the acg preparation was shown not to be inferior in maximal tolerated concentration, minimal inhibiting concentration, and chemotherapeutic index (cti) to american drug. zovirax (zvr), in relation to both he ... | 1986 | 3014751 |
| efficacy of the acyclic guanosine analog buciclovir [(r)-9-(3,4-dihydroxybutyl)guanine] in experimental genital herpes. | the efficacy of the anti-herpesvirus drug buciclovir [(r)-9-(3,4-dihydroxybutyl)guanine] was investigated in guinea pigs and mice infected intravaginally with herpes simplex virus type 2. topical treatment initiated early after infection was efficacious, in contrast to topical treatment delayed 24 h or more. systemic treatment of infected mice could not prevent the spread of virus to the brain and mortality. systemically administered buciclovir had an effect in guinea pigs, even after delayed on ... | 1986 | 3013082 |
| activities of 1-(2-deoxy-2-fluoro-beta-d-arabinofuranosyl)-5-iodocytosine and its metabolites against herpes simplex virus types 1 and 2 in cell culture and in mice infected intracerebrally with herpes simplex virus type 2. | as measured by plaque and yield reduction assays, several metabolites of 1-(2-deoxy-2-fluoro-beta-d-arabinofuranosyl)-5-iodocytosine (fiac) were highly active against herpes simplex virus types 1 and 2. these metabolites included the 2'-deoxy-2'-fluoroarabinosyl derivatives of 5-iodouracil (fiau), cytosine (fac), uracil (fau), and thymine (fmau). in mice inoculated intracerebrally with herpes simplex virus type 2, the relative order of potency of these compounds and licensed antiviral drugs was ... | 1986 | 3015003 |