Publications

[occurence of onchocerca tarsicola bain and schulz-key, 1974, in reindeer (author's transl)].	onchocerca tarsicola is recorded from reindeer (rangifer tarandus l.). this parasite is originally described from red deer (cervus elaphus l.). there are indications that reindeer may not be the primary host of o. tarsicola: 1. reindeer is parasitized only by o, tarsicola whereas red deer, due to speciations, is carrying three related onchocerca species from the same line. 2. o. tarsicola, usually found along tendons distal of the tarsal and carpal joints, is in reindeer frequently found at aber ...	1979	539724
experimental pneumonia in red deer (cervus elaphus l) produced by an ovine chlamydia.	an isolate of chlamydia psittaci from ovine pneumonia produced extensive pneumonia in red deer after endobronchial inoculation. associated clinical signs lasting for several days included pyrexia, inappetance, increased pulse and respiration rate, and physical distress after handling, but no coughing or upper respiratory symptoms. histologically, an acute exudative reaction was present after two days, and an early proliferative response after seven days. both the clinical and pathological respon ...	1979	532073
maternal weight, reproduction, calf mortality and calf growth in farmed red deer (cervus elaphus).		1979	531015
retention time and digestibility of milled hay in sheep and red deer (cervus elaphus).		1979	530995
evaluation of the anaplasmosis rapid card agglutination test for detecting experimentally infected elk.	anaplasmosis was experimentally transmitted from cattle to elk to cattle. six non-splenectomized adult elk (cervus canadensis canadensis) that were inoculated with freshly collected heparinized blood from cattle chronically infected with anaplasma marginale became asymptomatic carriers. although the exposed elk did not develop clinical or hematologic evidence of infection they become seropositive by the serum and plasma rapid card agglutination (rca) tests. blood from the experimentally infected ...	1979	527345
observations on circulatory adjustment in newborn reindeer and elk.	haemodynamics of two reindeer (18 h and 4 days old) and one elk (1 week old) calves were studied by catheterization and angiography. early closure of foetal shunts, high cardiac output and large ejection fractions were observed in all three animals. pulmonary arterial blood pressure decreased to the full-grown level during the first days of life in the reindeer. electrocardiography showed cranial-orientated qrs vector in both species. the cardiovascular system of the cervidae is well developed a ...	1979	522523
yersiniae in the soil of an infected wapiti range.	yersinia enterocolitica was isolated from 10 of 121 soil samples from an area inhabitated by infected wapiti (cervus elaphus roosevelti) in northwest california. significantly (p less than 0.05) more soil samples from a forest habitat were infected, compared to soil samples from prairie habitats. soil was found infected with yersiniae only on dates for which rainfall in excess of 17 mm had occurred during the previous 7 days.	1979	522222
evaluation of the anaplasmosis rapid card agglutination test for detecting experimentally-infected elk.	anaplasma marginale was experimentally transmitted from cattle to elk to cattle. six intact adult elk (cervus canadensis canadensis) inoculated with freshly collected heparinized blood from cattle chronically infected with a. marginale became asymptomatic carriers. although the elk did not develop clinical or hematologic evidence of infection, they became seropositive by the serum(srca) and plasma rapid card agglutination (prca) tests. blood from the experimentally-infected elk produced disease ...	1979	501840
a summary of the prevalence of parelaphostrongylus tenuis in a captive wapiti population.	a total of 87 brains from harvested and collected wapiti and red deer (cervus spp.) were examined grossly and microscopically between 1973 and 1977 in a 2104 ha. preserve. prevalence of infection significantly increased from 26.6% of the sample in 1973 to 64.3% in 1975 (p less than .05). a decline to 47.7% in 1977 (p greater than .05) was not significant. however, the number of clinical cases was significantly higher in 1976-1977 (p less than .02) than previously reported in 1973-1975.	1979	459045
[influenza a antibodies in deer and elk].		1979	456285
effects of season on the secretion of lh and testosterone in intact and castrated red deer stags (cervus elaphus).	at 2--4 monthly intervals during the year blood samples were collected every 15 min for 6 h from 2 intact and 3 castrated red deer stags to study the relationship between season and the secretion of lh and testosterone. in the intact stags plasma lh and testosterone concentrations changed during the year; the lh levels were maximal in august during the phase of testicular redevelopment, while the testosterone levels were maximal from september to november coinciding with the time of peak testicu ...	1979	423165
brucellosis in elk i. serologic and bacteriologic survey in wyoming.	incidence of brucellosis in elk (cervus canadensis) on two winter feedgrounds in wyoming was examined over a 5-year period by testing serum samples using the standard plate agglutination (spt) buffered brucella antigen (bba), rivanol (riv) and complement fixation (cft) tests. thirty-one percent of 1,165 elk were positive by defined criteria. considering each test individually, only 29% (106) of 370 positive sera would have been classified as reactors by the spt, 83% (307) by the bba test and 86% ...	1978	416232
[sarcosporidia of the cloven-hoofed game. iii. sarcosporidia in red deer and fallow deer].	the incidence of sarcosporidia among red-deer and fallow-deer was investigated. the fallow-deer is less discussed because the low number of investigations. the red-deer shows with 15% the lowest incidence among the red-deer, fallow-deer and wild-boar investigated. the sarcosporidia of the red-deer are smaller than those of the roe, therefore the identification in the trichinoscopic picture is more difficult. with regard to this it is recommended to name the sarcosporidia of the red-deer sarcocys ...	1977	413459
[quantitative characteristics of the systems of truncal auditory and visual brain formations in artiodactyla and perissodactyla].	on the ground of cytoarchitectonic investigation and planimetric measurements a volumetric comparison between the systems of truncal formations of auditory and optical analysers were made in the representatives of artiodactyla (deer, elk, gazelle, sheep, wild boar, hippopotamus) and perissodactyla orders (horse). the data obtained demonstrated a great quantitative predominance of the system of optical formation in comparison with that of auditory, which correlates to the leading role of the opti ...	1977	409378
[the nasal cavity and paranasal sinuses of the red deer (cervus elaphus)--anatomical corrosion studies].	by means of thirty skulls of dominating female animals the formation and topography of the cavum nasi and its sinus paranasales of the red-deer are described. the main results are on the one hand the total absence of a sinus frontalis and a sinus sphenoidalis and on the other hand the characteristic formation of the sinus ethmoidales. amongst critical discussion with the available literature concerning the pneumatisation of skulls of red-deer a comparison with the well-known findings about the c ...	1978	357242
salmonellosis in red deer calves (cervus elaphus).		1978	355957
innervation and blood supply of the antler pedicle of the red deer.		1979	295099
enzootic ataxia in red deer.		1979	294534
[comparison of the state of dental health in state farm workers at elk in 1974 and 1977].		1979	290471
the energy cost of locomotion on the level and on gradients for the red deer (cervus elaphus).	the oxygen consumption (vo2) of three castrated male red deer was measured while they walked on a treadmill at 7 degree and 14 degree slopes and on the level at speeds varying from 44.3 to 172.9 m.min(-1). the energy cost of horizontal locomotion in excess of standing was 2.6 j kg(-1).m(-1). the cost of maintenance of posture when walking was the same as that of standing. the energy cost of walking up gradients was 21.5 j kg(-1).vertical m(-1). these results are discussed in relation to values r ...	1977	243923
isolation of louping-ill virus from red deer (cervus elaphus).		1978	208224
the occurrence of antibody to babesia and to the virus of louping-ill in deer in scotland.	sera of wild red deer from 16 localities in scotland were tested by the indirect fluorescent antibody technique for antibody to babesia and by the haemagglutination inhibition test for antibody to the virus of louping-ill. babesial antibody was detected in sera from all localities in proportions ranging from 22 to 100 per cent. antibody to louping-ill virus could not be demonstrated in sera from five of the localities and in the other 11 was found less frequently than was antibody to babesia. se ...	1977	200997
suppression of the excitatory adrenergic neurotransmission; a possible role of cholinergic nerves in the retractor penis muscle.	the excitatory adrenergic response to transmural nerve stimulation of the isolated retractor penis (rp) of dog, cat, horse, boar, elk, bull, ram and goat, as well as the evoked release of 3h from dog rp preloaded with 3h-noradrenaline were studied. in untreated preparations a low concentration of scopolamine could markedly increase the excitatory adrenergic response. on the contrary, physostigmine per se suppressed this response and so did acetylcholine. scopolamine or atropine totally prevented ...	1977	200067
bovine virus diarrhoea antibody in a scottish red deer.		1977	190760
aspects of variation in cranial characters of plains bison (bison bison bison linnaeus) from elk island national park, alberta.		1975	171329
foot-and-mouth disease in british deer: transmission of virus to cattle, sheep and deer.	after exposure for two hours to cattle with foot-and-mouth disease, each of the five species of deer found in the british countryside became infected. clinical disease was typical and severe in the roe and muntjac deer, with some animals dying, less severe in the sika deer and usually subclinical in the fallow and red deer. each species transmitted disease to its own species and to cattle and sheep. the amounts of virus present in the blood, and in oesophageal/pharyngeal samples and excreted as ...	1975	167503
[economic loss from parafascioloksiasis in elk].		1978	151372
observations on epizootiology and distribution of elaeophora schneideri in montana ruminants.	seventy-four moose, 111 elk, 20 mule deer, 8 white-tailed deer, 26 prong-horn antelope, 42 domestic sheep and 3 bighorn sheep from montana or northwestern wyoming were examined post-mortem for evidence of elaeophora schneideri infection in 1973-74. fifteen percent of the mule deer and four percent of the moose were positive for adult arterial worms. this constitutes the first report of e. schneideri in mule deer in montana. no gross signs of blindness or other neurologic disorder were evident in ...	1975	127848
distribution and seasonal prevalence of bovine lungworms in selected areas in western montana.	in a survey (oct, 1967, through aug, 1969) of the distribution and seasonal prevalence of bovine lungworms in beef herds in 3 western montana counties (park, gallatin, and ravalli), infected cattle were detected in 27 of 35 herds. results of 2,125 fecal examinations indicated that 7.8% of all cattle were infected with dictyocaulus viviparus. lungworms were found in 6.6% of 1,038 calves (less than 12 months old), 11.5% of 755 yearlings (1 to 2 years old), and 3.3% of 332 cows (more than 2 years o ...	1975	123141
prevalence of dictyocaulus viviparus infection in rocky mountain elk in teton county, wyoming.	dictyocaulus viviparus infections in rocky mountain elk (cervus canadensis of teton countywere surveyed by fecal analyses during spring, summer and winter and by fecal analyses and necropsies during fall hunting seasons, 1968-1973. prevalance of the lungworms was relatively high: 32-70% during the spring; slightly lower, 30-47%, during the summer; 21-39% in the fall; and declined to the annual low of 8-19% during the winter. conversely, elk summering on big game ridge showed an increase in prev ...	1975	123012
sarcocystis in free-ranging herbivores on the national bison range.	heart, esophagus, diaphragm and skeletal muscle obtained from various herbivores on the national bison range were examined grossly for sarcocystis. sarcocystis was found in 81, 50, 50, and 13% of the mule deer, (odocoileus hemionus), white-tailed deer (o. virginianus), elk (cervus elaphus), and bison (bison bison), respectively.	1979	110949
a serologic survey of mule deer and elk in utah.	sera from mule deer (odocoileus hemionus) and elk (cervus canadensis) in central and northern utah were tested for the prevalence of antibodies to 11 diseases communicable to man or domestic livestock. antibodies to francisella tularensis (at 1:20) were found in 47 of 88 (53.4%) elk and 1 of 89 (1.1%) deer. a screening slide agglutination test for titers to brucella (at 1:20) showed two reactors in elk but none in deer sera. no positive antibody titers were obtained in tests for anaplasmosis, co ...	1978	105153
brucellosis in elk. ii. clinical effects and means of transmission as determined through artificial infections.		1978	99525
the state of aggregation of red deer (cervus elaphus l.) beta-lactoglobulin preparations near neutral ph.	1. the state of aggregation of four red-deer (cervus elaphus l.) beta-lactoglobulin preparations and a control ox beta-lactoglobulin a preparation was studied by sedimentation-equilibrium experiments at ph 6.5 and 20 degrees c. 2. three of the deer preparations and the ox control each behaved as a monomer-dimer system, with a value of log k (where k is the association constant in litres/mol) in the range 5.4-5.5. 3. when one of these deer preparations was examined in the presence of dithiothreit ...	1977	22326
rumen function in red deer, hill sheep and reindeer in the scottish highlands.	red deer, sheep and reindeer grazing on their normal hill ranges were examined at intervals over a period of four years. samples from the digestive tract were taken at different seasons and processed in the field. the red deer and reindeer were killed before samples were taken; rumen samples from the sheep were taken by stomach tube, but a number of animals were also killed at different seasons to correlate stomach tube and whole rumen samples. the animals sampled were representative of the gene ...	1976	10575