Publications

sur la structure du poumon du dauphin (delphinus delphis).		1916	17233067
[peculiarities of blood respiratory function in delphinus delphis embryos].		1951	14879774
observations on the behavior of the porpoise delphinus delphis.	common porpoises have been observed in january, in the area of the hudson canyon, feeding on fish that escaped an otter trawl. an echo-sounder alsorecorded, in one instance, a descent of a porpoise to a depth of 200 feet in less than 2 minutes.	1960	17732402
the structure of comparative anatomy of the nucleus basalis meynert of delphinus delphis linnaeus (mammalia, cetacea, delphinidae).		1963	14052717
denaturation of delphinus delphis myoglobin in visible spectrum.		1964	14166258
[the brain and behavior of delphinus delphis].		1967	5622694
vocalization of naive captive dolphins in small groups.	pure-tone whistles (2403) by four individual dolphins (delphinus delphis bairdi) were analyzed for duration and the elapse of time before either response by another animal or a repeat whistle by the same animal. only five major types of whistle emissions were recorded, all stereotyped and each characteristic of the animal emitting it. only one of the four animals emitted two different whistles, one of which was rare and both of which were stereotyped. a pure-tone chirp and pulsed sounds are disc ...	1968	5636351
preliminary results concerning the gas of arterial and veinous blood in delphinus delphis and stenella styx, (cetacea; odontocetes).		1968	5716612
[on the blood supply of the heart valves of the black sea dolphin (delphinus delphis l.)].		1968	4233059
the distribution, navigation and orientation by the sun of delphinus delphis l. in the western mediterranean.		1968	5705202
relationship between body length and body weight of stenella styx gray and delphinus delphis linné from the western mediterranean.		1968	5728694
[composition of neutral lipids and their fatty acids from whale brain. iv. brains of dolphins (delphinus delphis)].		1969	5361912
on the reversibility of thermal denaturation of delphinus delphis ferrimyoglobin derivatives.		1970	5488950
the thyroid gland of the common (pacific) dolphin, delphinus delphis bairdi.		1970	5442223
[the structure of the cerebellar nuclei of the dolphin (delphinus delphis)].		1970	5511180
leucocytes in the peripheral blood of stenella styx and delphinus delphis (cetacea, delphiniadae) and a haemomyelogram of delphinus delphis.		1970	5438311
[chemoreception in the black sea dolphin--tursiops truncatus mont].		1971	5131479
thermal denaturation of delphinus delphis ferrimyoglobin derivatives in alkaline ph region.		1971	5129588
[demonstration of tolerance to the doppler effect of the sonar emission of delphinus delphis (cétacean odontocete)].		1974	4217670
brain lipids from the porpoise (delphinus delphis). phosphoglycerides rich in isovaleric acid and long-chain iso-acids.	the whole brain of a porpoise (delphinus delphis) comprised 23.1 wt% of phospholipids on a dry weight basis. ethanolamine phosphoglycerides (36.6 wt%), choline phosphoglycerides (27.3 wt%), and serine phosphoglycerides (16.9 wt%) were the major components of the phospholipids. a unique feature of the data was the occurrence of large amounts of isovaleric acid in choline phosphoglucerides (28.1 mol%) and ethanolamine phosphoglycerides (6.4 mol%), together with 11.6 and 15.2 mol% of long-chain (c1 ...	1975	1203247
the complete amino acid sequence of the major component myoglobin of amazon river dolphin (inia geoffrensis).	the complete amino acid sequence of the major component myoglobin from amazon river dolphin, inia geoffrensis, was determined by specific cleavage of the protein to obtain large peptides which are readily degraded by the automatic sequencer. three easily separable peptides were obtained by cleaving the protein with cyanogen bromide at the methionine residues and four peptides were obtained by cleaving the methyl-acetimidated protein with trypsin at the arginine residues. from these peptides over ...	1975	1191640
[cytoarchitectonics of the vestibular nucleic of the brain of the dolphin (delphinus delphis)].	specific features of the structure of the vestibular complex of cetaceans correlating with specific features of the structural functional organization of these representatives of aquatic mammals were detected in a cytoarchitectonic investigation of the topography and strucutral organization of nuclei of the vestibular complex performed in delphinus delphis and compared with the organization of the corresponding structures of the brain of man and chimpanzee.	1976	985096
complete primary structure of the major component myoglobin of california gray whale (eschrichtius gibbosus).	the complete primary structure of the major component myoglobin from the california gray whale, eschrichtius gibbosus, was determined by specific cleavage of the protein to obtain large peptides for degradation by the automatic sequenator. cleavage at the two methionine residues of the apomyoglobin with cyanogen bromide and at the three arginine residues of the methyl acetimidated protein with trypsin resulted in three and four easily separable peptides, respectively, which when sequenced accoun ...	1976	938629
complete amino acid sequence of the myoglobin from the atlantic bottlenosed dolphin, tursiops truncatus.	the complete amino acid sequence of the major component myoglobin from the atlantic bottlenosed dolphin, tursiops truncatus, was determined by specific cleavage of the protein to obtain large peptides that are readily degraded by the automatic sequencer. three easily separable peptides were obtained by cleaving the protein with cyanogen bromide at the 2 methionine residues and 4 peptides were obtained by cleaving the methyl acetimidated protein with trypsin at the 3 arginine residues. by subject ...	1976	974068
complete primary structure of the major component myoglobin of pacific common dolphin (delphinus delphis).	the complete amino acid sequence of the major component myoglobin from pacific common dolphin, delphinus delphis, was determined by the automatic edman degradation of several large peptides obtained by specific cleavages of the protein. more than 80% of the covalent structure was established by the degradation of the apomyoglobin and five peptides from: (1) cyanogen bromide cleavage at the two methionine residues, (2) trypsin cleavage of the acetimidated apomyoglobin at the three arginine residu ...	1977	911808
vaginal calculi in the dolphin.	examination of the reproductive tract of a mature spotted dolphin, stenella attenuata , revealed 13 vaginal calculi, composed primarily of calcium phosphate compounds. vaginal calculi also were found in two mature lagenorhynchus obliquidens and in six mature delphinus delphis .	1977	24228951
pholeter anterouterus fischthal & nasir, 1974 (digenea: opisthorchiidae) redescribed, together with remarks on the genera pholeter odhner, 1914 and phocitrema goto & ozaki, 1930 and their relationship to the centrocestine heterophyids.	photoleter anterouterus fischthal & nasir, 1974, from pelecanus occidentalis linnaeus and pelecanus erythrorhynchos gmelin from florida, usa and the ventro-genital complexes of photeleter gastrophilus (kossack, 1910) from delphinus delphis linnaeus from queensland, australia and of phocitrema fusiforme goto & ozaki, 1930 from alopex lagopus (linnaeus) and phoca vitulina linnaeus from alaska are redescribed. the genus photoleter odhner, 1914 is emended and compared with phocitrema goto & ozaki, 1 ...	1977	876682
the complete amino acid sequence of the major component myoglobin from the arctic minke whale, balaenoptera acutorostrata.	the complete primary structure of the major component myoglobin from the arctic minke whale, balaenoptera acutorostrata, was determined by specific cleavage of the protein to obtain large peptides which are readily degraded by the automatic sequencer. over 80% of the amino acid sequence was established from the three peptides resulting from the cleavage of the apomyoglobin at the two methionine residues with cyanogen bromide along with the four peptides resulting from the cleavage of the methyla ...	1977	836810
fibrous osteodystrophy in a wild dolphin.	skeletal lesions observed during necropsy of a wild mature male dolphin (delphinus delphis) were consistent with fibrous osteodystrophy when examined microscopically. the lesions were pronounced in the ribs, scapulae, and pelvis, with no apparent skull or vertebral involvement. whether the cause was nutritional or nonnutritional was not determined.	1978	738929
complete amino acid sequence of myoglobin from the pilot whale, globicephala melaena.	the complete amino acid sequence of the major component myoglobin from the pilot whale, globicephala melaena, was determined by specific cleavage of the protein to obtain large peptides which are readily degraded by the automatic sequencer. the apomyoglobin was selectively cleaved at the two methionyl residues with cyanogen bromide and the acetimidated apomyoglobin was cleaved at the three arginyl residues by trypsin. from the sequence analysis of four of these peptides and the apoprotein, over ...	1978	656376
complete amino acid sequence of the myoglobin from the pacific spotted dolphin, stenella attenuata graffmani.	the complete amino acid sequence of the major component myoglobin from the pacific spotted dolphin, stenella attenuata graffmani, was determined by the automated edman degradation of several large peptides obtained by specific cleavage of the protein. the acetimidated apomyoglobin was selectively cleaved at its two methionyl residues with cyanogen bromide and at its three arginyl residues by trypsin. by subjecting four of these peptides and the apomyoglobin to automated edman degradation, over 8 ...	1979	454657
dolphin vocalization mechanisms.	although humans have difficulty whistling when in a habitat that is more than 20 meters underwater, dolphins can make certain sounds at great depths through a related mechanism. other dolphin sounds, such as clicks and complex buzzes, are produced by vibrations of the tissue of the nasal plugs, apparently without the use of the larynx; in these instances, the air sacs act as reservoirs. this was determined from studies of tursiops truncatus and delphinus delphis with harmless ultrasonic beams pr ...	1981	17739402
auditory brainstem response in dolphins.	we recorded the auditory brainstem response (abr) in four dolphins (tursiops truncatus and delphinus delphis). the abr evoked by clicks consists of seven waves within 10 msec; two waves often contain dual peaks. the main waves can be identified with those of humans and laboratory mammals; in spite of a much longer path, the latencies of the peaks are almost identical to those of the rat. the dolphin abr waves increase in latency as the intensity of a sound decreases by only 4 microseconds/decibe ...	1981	6940199
genetic control of the immune response to myoglobin. viii. control of antibody affinity.	we have previously shown that the antibody response to mammalian myoglobins is under genetic control. in the present study we examined antibodies to sperm-whale. atlantic bottlenosed dolphin, black sea dolphin, horse and badger myoglobins, raised in high responder strains of mice, to ascertain whether there is genetic control of antibody affinity to mammalian myoglobins. using antisera of varying dilutions, the binding to 125i-labelled homologous myoglobins was studied by inhibition with homolog ...	1981	6795280
role of isovaleroyl lipids in channeling of sound in the porpoise melon.	physical properties (e.g. specific gravity, adiabatic compressibility and sound velocity) of lipids isolated from tissues from contiguous areas of the fatty melon of an echo-locating porpoise (delphinus delphis) were determined to elucidate relations between lipid composition and structure, and sound transmission in the head. lipid content varied greatly within the melon (13.6-77.6% of the tissue weight) and triacylglycerols (80-100%) were the major lipid components. this lipid class was compose ...	1982	7172342
on how the periosteal bone of the delphinid humerus becomes cancellous: ontogeny of a histological specialization.	in cetaceans, the bones of the flippers lack a free medullary cavity and have a cancellous texture, with compact cortices reduced or absent. the present work discusses the ontogenetic basis of these characters in terms of the ontogeny of the structure and textural bone compactness (tbc) of the humeral diaphysis in a growth series of common dolphins (delphinus delphis). the texture of the primary periosteal deposits is compact; soon after their accretion, the deposits undergo an extensive erosion ...	1988	3216395
comparative milk composition of the bottlenosed dolphin (tursiops truncatus), humpback dolphin (sousa plumbea) and common dolphin (delphinus delphis) from southern african waters.	1. gross compositional data for milk samples of tursiops truncatus, sousa plumbea and delphinus delphis are presented and compared with existing cetacean milk values. 2. two factors appear to govern fat content and calorific value of the milk: (a) habitat, and (b) the stage of lactation. 3. delphinus milk is unusual in that it has a higher p than ca content. 4. the fe content in cetacean milk is higher than that for terrestrial mammals and may be related to improved o2 binding requirements.	1989	2575950
[the adaptation to water of whale skin. histologic and histochemical studies of the dolphin, delphinus delphis, and the porpoise, phocaena phocaena].	in the whale the superficial layer of the epidermis (stratum paracorneum) is incompletely cornified and is characterized by high contents of phospholipids, neutral fats, and glycoproteins. this finding, and especially the structure of the dermis (hypodermis) in relation to its function, are discussed as to the role they play in the adaptation of whales to the aquatic environment.	1989	2817417
[the oral prausnitz-küstner reaction in food allergies].	the oral prausnitz-küstner (p-k) reaction was examined in 41 children suspected of ige-mediated food allergy. the recipients were served by their mothers in this study. a positive reaction was observed in 9 children when used hen's egg, cow's milk, chicken, buckwheat, red-bean, salmon or common-dolphin. among them, seven have had an anaphylactic skin reaction (systemic urticaria and/or angioedema) to the foods. the other two were babies who were fed only by the breast milk. therefore, the oral p ...	1991	1892444
observations of vaginal calculi in dolphins.	vaginal calculi have been described from the common (delphinus delphis), pacific white-sided (lagenorhynchus obliquidens) and spotted (stenella attenuata) dolphins. we describe additional calculi found in six sexually mature d. delphis from southern california. three calculi were large (ca. 7 x 5 cm), exhibited concentric layer crystallization, and were unique from previously published descriptions. one calculus described previously and one in our sample appeared to be a fetal skeleton and skull ...	1991	1920661
effects of amino acid substitutions outside an antigenic site on protein binding to monoclonal antibodies of predetermined specificity obtained by peptide immunization: demonstration with region 145-151 (antigenic site 5) of myoglobin.	monoclonal antibodies of predetermined specificity were prepared by immunization with a free (i.e., without coupling to any protein carrier) synthetic peptide representing region 145-151 of sperm whale myoglobin (spmb) and their cross-reactions with eight mb variants were determined. five mbs--bottle-nose dolphin myoglobin (bdmb), pacific common dolphin myoglobin (pdmb), horse myoglobin (hsmb), dog myoglobin (dgmb), and badger myoglobin (bgmb)--have an identical sequence in that region. neverthe ...	1992	1466763
effects of amino acid substitutions outside an antigenic site on protein binding to monoclonal antibodies of predetermined specificity obtained by peptide immunization: demonstration with region 56-62 (antigenic site 2) of myoglobin.	this work was carried out in order to study the effects of substitutions outside antigenic site 2 of sperm whale myoglobin (spmb) on the reactivity of protein variants with antisite 2 monoclonal antibodies (mabs). a synthetic peptide corresponding to region 56-62 (site 2) of spmb was used as an immunogen in mice in its free form (i.e., without coupling to any carrier) to prepare a panel of mabs whose predetermined specificity is directed, by design, against this region. the binding of three of t ...	1992	1280438
a review of heavy metal and organochlorine levels in marine mammals in australia.	study of toxic contaminants in marine mammal specimens collected around australia is currently uncoordinated and piecemeal. most states collect samples but there is little or no financial support for their analysis. this study combines data, published or unpublished, from 13 sources. heavy metals have been analysed in about 676 specimens; over 400 were for mercury levels in p. macrocephalus taken at a whaling station. the remaining samples were mostly from toothed whales, a few baleen whales (< ...	1994	7973602
mass mortality of common dolphins (delphinus delphis) in south west england due to incidental capture in fishing gear.	in the first quarter of 1992, 118 dolphin carcases, of which 54 were positively identified as common dolphins (delphinus delphis), were found stranded on the coast of cornwall and devon. to determine the cause, detailed post mortem examinations were carried out on 38 of the carcases, and the results were compared with those from 20 common dolphins that stranded on the coast of cornwall and devon in the previous 15 months. there was no evidence that the deaths were due to an infectious or parasit ...	1994	8178416
persistent organochlorine residues in small cetaceans from the east and west coasts of southern africa.	organochlorine pollutant levels in the blubber of small cetaceans and ratios between concentrations of compounds, such as dde/tddt and tddt/pcb, were used to identify the chronology of input of ddt and pcb into the coastal waters along the west and east coasts of southern africa. although regression analyses, with time as the only independent variable, do not show a statistically significant decline in tddt from 1980 to 1987 in the common dolphin from the east coast of south africa, there is a f ...	1994	7973604
[water balance in black sea dolphins].		1994	8186751
the use of a shotgun for euthanasia of stranded cetaceans.	a 12-gauge shotgun, loaded with either a solid 28 g lead slug or buckshot consisting of nine individual lead pellets with a total mass of 28 g, was used to shoot the heads of one dead common dolphin (delphinus delphis) and five dead long-finned pilot whales (globicephala melaena) varying in length from 2.5 m to 5 m. the dolphin and the smallest pilot whale were shot with both projectiles from the dorsal surface of the head. the projectiles penetrated the head and dorsal surface of the skull, but ...	1995	16031838
prenatal development of the integument in delphinidae (cetacea: odontoceti).	the prenatal development of epidermis, dermis, and hypodermis was studied in embryos of different age of two delphinid species (stenella attenuata, delphinus delphis), using light and transmission electron microscopical methods. the delphinid embryo is covered by a multilayered tissue formed by four different epidermal generations (periderm, stratum intermedium-i, str. intermedium-ii, str. spinosum) produced by the str. basale. the first layer appears at about 40-50 mm of body length, the second ...	1995	7714905
studies on the fetal development of the gubernaculum in cetacea.	adult cetacean males, like non-mammalian vertebrates and other testicond mammals, have intra-abdominal testes. there is no evidence of a processus vaginalis in them. testicondia in cetaceans is considered secondary as they are judged, evolutionarily, the descendants of terrestrial mammals (ungulates) with testis descent. a possible argument in support of the latter contention would be that cetacean fetuses develop gubernacula which are the primordia of the processus vaginalis and other structure ...	1995	8597291
[viruses of whales and dolphins].	dna- and rna-genome viruses of whales and dolphins belong to families poxviridae, herpesviridae, adenoviridae, orthomyxoviridae, paramyxoviridae, togaviridae, picornaviridae. virological, serological and pathomorphological signs of infection have been registered in odontoceti (bottle-nosed dolphin, atlantic white-sided dolphin, striped dolphin, harbona porpoise, white-beaked dolphin, common dolphin, sperm whale, pilot whale, white whale) and musticeti (sei whale, fin whale, gray whale, and bowhe ...	1996	9044706
[characteristics of hearing of common dolphin (delphinus delphis) using evoked auditory brain stem potentials].		1996	8963237
entanglement in fishing gear and other causes of death in cetaceans stranded on the coasts of england and wales.	between august 1990 and september 1995 the carcases of 422 cetaceans of 12 species that had died around the coasts of england and wales were examined. there were 234 harbour porpoises (phocoena phocoena), 138 common dolphins (delphinus delphis), and 50 individuals of 10 other species of dolphins and whales. the cause of death was diagnosed in the harbour porpoises and common dolphins was entanglement in fishing gear (bycatch). of the cases in which the cause of death was established, 66 (38 per ...	1997	9265709
locomotor design of dolphin vertebral columns: bending mechanics and morphology of delphinus delphis.	the primary skeletal structure used by dolphins to generate the dorsoventral bending characteristic of cetacean swimming is the vertebral column. in the vertebral column of the saddleback dolphin delphinus delphis, we characterize the static and dynamic mechanical properties of the intervertebral joints, describe regional variation and dorsoventral asymmetries in mechanical performance, and investigate how the mechanical properties are correlated with vertebral morphologies. using a bending mach ...	1997	9023994
tetraphyllidean cysticerci in the peritoneal cavity of the common dolphin.	cysticerci of the cestodes monorygma grimaldii and phyllobothrium delphini were encountered during necropsy of an adult common dolphin (delphinus delphis) found dead on the southeastern coast of australia. monorygma grimaldii cysticerci were found within highly organized retroperitoneal cysts, whereas p. delphini cysticerci in the subcutaneous blubber did not occupy specialized structures. there was a localized lymphoplasmacytic host response to the presence of cysticerci of both species, but m. ...	1997	9391979
antibodies to brucella in marine mammals around the coast of england and wales.	following the isolation of previously unrecognised species of brucella from stranded seals and cetaceans in scotland and northern england, a serological survey was carried out to investigate the range of marine mammal species which may have been exposed to brucella species around the coasts of england and wales, the prevalence of infection and the temporal and geographical distribution of seropositive animals. serum collected from 153 stranded marine mammals from the coasts of england and wales ...	1997	9416675
concentration-dependent changes of pcb patterns in fish-eating mammals: structural evidence for induction of cytochrome p450.	data sets on cb concentrations in fish-eating mammals from five laboratories were combined to test and refine a pharmacokinetic model. clear differences in pcb patterns were observed between species. the ability to metabolize chlorobiphenyl (cb) congeners with vicinal h-atoms only in the ortho- and meta-positions and with one ortho-chlorine substituent generally increased in the order otter < cetaceans (harbor porpoise, common dolphin) < phocid seals (harbor and grey seal), but the metabolism of ...	1997	9353208
macroparasites in cetaceans stranded on the northwestern spanish atlantic coast.	an extensive parasitological survey was carried out during autopsy of 80 cetaceans representing 8 species within 4 families (delphinus delphis, stenella coeruleoalba, tursiops truncatus, grampus griseus, globicephala melas, kogia breviceps, phocoena phocoena and megaptera novaeangliae) collected on the northwestern spanish atlantic coast from february 1991 to october 1996. two species of tetraphyllidean cestodes (phyllobothrium delphini and monorygma grimaldii), 2 ascaridoid nematodes (anisakis ...	1998	9676247
serological evidence of morbillivirus infection in small cetaceans from the southeast pacific.	the presence of morbillivirus-specific serum antibodies was examined by an indirect enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ielisa) and virus neutralization tests in serum samples from 30 dusky dolphins (lagenorhynchus obscurus), 8 long-snouted common dolphins (delphinus capensis), 2 inshore and 6 offshore bottlenose dolphins (tursiops truncatus) and 20 burmeister's porpoises (phocoena spinipinnis) taken in fisheries off central peru in 1993-1995. the sera from six dusky dolphins, one common dolphin ...	1998	9549850
morbillivirus infection in stranded common dolphins from the pacific ocean.	from august 1995 to august 1997, six of 18 common dolphins (delphinus delphis) that stranded along beaches of southern california (usa) tested antibody positive for dolphin morbillivirus (dmv). titers ascertained by virus neutralization ranged from 1:50 to 1:910 while those determined by elisa ranged from 1:80 to 1:195. the first individual to strand survived and was released back into the pacific ocean 14 mo later. histopathologic examination of tissues from the other five dolphins did not reve ...	1998	9813847
heavy metals in dolphins stranded on the french atlantic coast.	heavy metal concentrations (total and organic hg, ti, cr, cu, zn, cd and pb) were determined in the muscle, liver and kidney of 36 dolphins stranded on the french atlantic coast between 1977 and 1990: 29 common dolphins delphinus delphis, five bottlenose dolphins tursiops truncatus and two striped dolphins stenella coeruleoalba. total hg concentration in the liver increased with age, while relative methylmercury concentration decreased, reflecting the existence of a slow demethylation process. t ...	1998	9703697
long-term recording of gastric ulcers in cetaceans stranded on the galician (nw spain) coast.	long-term (1990-1996) results of recording gastric ulcers in the common dolphin are presented for the nw spanish atlantic coast. the occurrence and abundance of cetacean carcasses (belonging to 10 species) with gastric ulcers are also given and discussed. ulcerations were detected in 17.2% of the animals examined, with 15% for common dolphins and 0 to 29.4% in other cetacean species. a positive relation was noted between ulcer counts and length and maturity of delphinus delphis. clusters of the ...	1998	9676261
methyl sulphone metabolites of polychlorinated biphenyls (pcbs) in cetaceans from the irish and the aegean seas.	the levels of pcbs and pcb methyl sulphone metabolites were determined in the blubber of six species of cetaceans that originated from the irish sea and the aegean sea (mediterranean). burdens ranging from 2.80 to 27.80 microg g-1 (lipid weight) total pcbs and 0.03 to 0.58 microg g-1 (lipid weight) total methyl sulphones were recorded. the highest cetacean methyl sulphone burden (0.58 microg g-1) was in an irish sea harbor porpoise (phocoena phocoena). methyl sulphone isomer formation capacity, ...	1998	9601929
occurrence and morphological comparisons of campula oblonga (digenea: campulidae), including a report from an atypical host, the thresher shark, alopias vulpinus.	new host records for campula oblonga cobbold, 1858 from the common dolphin, delphinus delphis l., and from the thresher shark, alopias vulpinus (bonnaterre), are reported herein. campulids have not been reported previously from a host that was not a marine mammal. the excellent condition and small size of the gravid specimen and the diet and natural history of the thresher shark lead us to conclude that the digene was acquired from the consumption of infected fish. specimens of c. oblonga from t ...	1998	9576521
broadband spectra of seismic survey air-gun emissions, with reference to dolphin auditory thresholds.	acoustic emissions from a 2120 cubic in air-gun array were recorded through a towed hydrophone assembly during an oil industry 2-d seismic survey off the west wales coast of the british isles. recorded seismic pulses were sampled, calibrated, and analyzed post-survey to investigate power levels of the pulses in the band 200 hz-22 khz at 750-m, 1-km, 2.2-km, and 8-km range from source. at 750-m range from source, seismic pulse power at the 200-hz end of the spectrum was 140 db re: 1 micropa2/hz, ...	1998	9566337
epizootic of morbilliviral disease in common dolphins (delphinus delphis ponticus) from the black sea.	forty-seven common dolphins (delphinus delphis ponticus) were stranded on the northern shores of the black sea between mid-july and early september 1994, more than in previous or subsequent years. two of the 47 dolphins were examined in detail to try to determine the cause of the increased stranding rate. their lesions included broncho-interstitial pneumonia with type ii epithelial cell hyperplasia and multinucleate syncytial cells, neuronal necrosis, gliosis, and non-suppurative meningitis of t ...	1999	10097312
cystacanths of bolbosoma vasculosum in the black scabbard fish aphanopus carbo, oceanic horse mackerel trachurus picturatus and common dolphin delphinus delphis from madeira, portugal.	cystacanths of the acanthocephalan, bolbosoma vasculosum rudolphi 1819, were found to be encapsulated in the connective tissues of the viscera of the black scabbard fish, aphanopus carbo and oceanic horse mackerel, trachurus picturatusfrom madeira, atlantic ocean. juvenile worms were obtained from the intestine of a stranded common dolphin, delphinus delphis, also from madeira. cystacanths were 11-15 mm long, with a proboscis of 18-19 longitudinal rows, eight hooks per row, and two sets of trunk ...	2000	10881281
isolation and characterization of a helicobacter sp. from the gastric mucosa of dolphins, lagenorhynchus acutus and delphinus delphis.	gastric ulcerations in dolphins have been reported for decades. some of these lesions were associated with parasitic infections. however, cases of nonparasitic gastric ulcers with no clearly defined etiology also have been reported in wild and captive dolphins. considerable speculation exists as to whether dolphins have helicobacter-associated gastritis and peptic ulcer disease. the stomachs of seven stranded atlantic white-sided dolphins, lagenorhynchus acutus, and 1 common dolphin, delphinus d ...	2000	11055919
relative volume of the cerebellum in dolphins and comparison with anthropoid primates.	according to the 'developmental constraint hypothesis' of comparative mammalian neuroanatomy, brain growth follows predictable allometric trends. therefore, brain structures should scale to the entire brain in the same way across mammals. evidence for a departure from this pattern for cerebellum volume has recently been reported among the anthropoid primates. one of the mammalian groups that has been neglected in tests of the 'developmental constraint hypothesis' is the cetaceans (dolphins, whal ...	2000	11154999
distribution of mercury in the organs and tissues of five toothed-whale species of the mediterranean.	mercury levels were determined in the tissues and organs (lung, liver, kidney, skin, muscle, bone) of five toothed-whales stranded along the corsican coast between november 1993 and february 1996. the species taken into consideration were the bottlenose dolphin tursiops truncatus, the common dolphin delphinus delphis, the striped dolphin stenella coeruleoalba, the pilot whale globicephala melas and the risso's dolphin grampus griseus. the variation in mercury levels between the different tissues ...	2000	15092940
three-dimensional modeling of hearing in delphinus delphis.	physical modeling is a fertile approach to investigating sound emission and reception (hearing) in marine mammals. a method for simulation of hearing was developed combining three-dimensional acoustic propagation and extrapolation techniques with a novel approach to modeling the acoustic parameters of mammalian tissues. models of the forehead and lower jaw tissues of the common dolphin, delphinus delphis, were created in order to simulate the biosonar emission and hearing processes. this paper o ...	2001	11785831
rotation of middle ear ossicles during cetacean development.	cetacean middle ears are unique among mammals in that they have an elongated tympanic membrane, a greatly reduced manubrium mallei, and an incudal crus longum that is shorter than the crus breve. elongation of the tympanic membrane and reduction of the manubrium is thought to be related to an evolutionary rotation of the incus and malleus out of the plane of the tympanic membrane. we examined if rotation also occurs during ontogeny by comparing the middle ears of two species of dolphins (delphin ...	2001	11466740
magnetic resonance imaging and three-dimensional reconstructions of the brain of a fetal common dolphin, delphinus delphis.	to demonstrate the kinds of data that can be obtained non-destructively and non-invasively from preserved museum specimens using modern imaging technology the head region of a whole body fetal specimen of the common dolphin, delphinus delphis, aged 8-9 months post-conception, was scanned using magnetic resonance imaging (mri). series of scans were obtained in coronal, sagittal and horizontal planes. a digital three-dimensional reconstruction of the whole brain was prepared from the coronal serie ...	2001	11411314
an insight into the epidemiology of dolphin morbillivirus worldwide.	serum samples from 288 cetaceans representing 25 species and originating from 11 different countries were collected between 1995 and 1999 and examined for the presence of dolphin morbillivirus (dmv)-specific antibodies by an indirect elisa (ielisa) (n = 267) or a plaque reduction assay (n = 21). a total of 35 odontocetes were seropositive: three harbour porpoises (phocoena phocoena) and a common dolphin (delphinus delphis) from the northeastern (ne) atlantic, a bottlenose dolphin (tursiops trunc ...	2001	11390111
are the mediterraneantop predators exposed to toxicological risk due to endocrine disrupters?	man-made endocrine disrupting chemicals (edcs) range across all continents and oceans; some geographic areas are potentially more threatened than others: one of these is the mediterranean sea. this basin has limited exchange of water with the atlantic ocean and is surrounded by some of the most heavily populated and industrialized countries in the world. accordingly, levels of some xenobiotics are much higher here than in other seas and oceans. in this research the unexplored hypothesis that med ...	2001	11795396
organochlorine compounds in common dolphins (delphinus delphis) from the atlantic and mediterranean waters of spain.	blubber of free-ranging common dolphins (delphinus delphis) from the northwestern coast of spain (atlantic), sampled in 1984 and 1996, and of common dolphins entangled in fishing nets in the southwestern mediterranean, sampled during 1992 1994, was analysed for organochlorine pollutants. in the atlantic, concentration of all pollutants was significantly higher in males than in females. the overall tpcb/tddt ratio in this area was 3.35, which indicates a predominance of industrial inputs over tho ...	2001	11504349
anthropogenic and natural organohalogen compounds in blubber of dolphins and dugongs (dugong dugon) from northeastern australia.	a range of organohalogen compounds (10 polychlorinated biphenyl [pcb] congeners, ddt and metabolites, chlordane-related compounds, the potential natural organochlorine compound q1, toxaphene, hexachlorobenzene, hexachlorocyclohexanes, dieldrin, and several yet unidentified brominated compounds) were detected in the blubber of four bottlenose dolphins (tursiops truncatus), one common dolphin (delphinus delphis), and seven dugongs (dugong dugon), as well as in adipose tissue of a green turtle (che ...	2001	11462147
heavy metals in the tissues of common dolphins (delphinus delphis) stranded on the portuguese coast.	the concentrations of hg, sn, cr, zn, ni, co, cd, mn, fe and cu were determined in the liver, kidney and muscle of 24 common dolphins stranded on the portuguese coast between 1995 and 1998. nitric acid was used to extract the metals from the tissues for analysis by inductively-coupled plasma/atomic emission spectroscopy (icp/aes). those metals with relatively higher concentrations included fe, zn and hg, particularly in liver. other metals including cr, ni and cd tended to show much lower levels ...	2001	11419603
neuroanatomy of the common dolphin (delphinus delphis) as revealed by magnetic resonance imaging (mri).	in this study, magnetic resonance (mr) images of the brain of an adult common dolphin (delphinus delphis) were acquired in the coronal plane at 66 antero-posterior levels. from these scans a computer-generated set of resectioned virtual images in orthogonal planes was constructed using the programs voxelview and voxelmath (vital images, inc., michigan state univ.). sections in all three planes reveal major neuroanatomical structures. these structures in the adult common dolphin brain are compare ...	2002	12420290
presence of genital spines in a male corynosoma cetaceum johnston and best, 1942 (acanthocephala).	we collected 83 females and 80 males of corynosoma cetaceum from 2 common dolphins, delphinus delphis, collected in northern patagonia (argentina). worms were most similar to specimens collected in other south american localities. however, 1 male had 2 spines adjacent to the genital pore and isolated from the rest of body spines. this finding confirms the recent reassignment of c. cetaceum to corynosoma. absence of genital spines is suggested to be avoided as the sole criterion to exclude specim ...	2002	12054020
heavy metals in soft tissues of tursiops truncatus and delphinus delphis from west atlantic ocean by x-ray spectrometry.	in this work, the concentration of heavy metals in muscle, liver, fat tissue and skin is studied in 15 delphinus delphis and two tursiops truncatus dolphins, stranded along the portuguese coast of the atlantic ocean. sample collection was performed post-mortem and the tissues were kept frozen until analysed. sample preparation included lyophilising and grounding in a teflon mill to avoid contamination by metals. the obtained powder was prepared as pellets for each sample and analysed directly by ...	2002	12146523
perfluorooctanesulfonate and related fluorinated hydrocarbons in marine mammals, fishes, and birds from coasts of the baltic and the mediterranean seas.	perfluorooctanesulfonate (pfos; c8f17so3-), perfluorooctanesulfonamide (fosa; c8f17so2nh2), perfluorohexanesulfonate (pfhxs; c6f13so3-), and perfluorooctanoate (pfoa; c7f15co2-) were detected in 175 samples of liver and blood of bluefin tuna (thunnus thynnus), swordfish (xiphias gladius), common cormorants (phalacrocorax carbo), bottlenose dolphins (tursiops truncatus), striped dolphins (stenella coeruleoalba), common dolphins (delphinus delphi), fin whales (balenoptera physalus), and long-finne ...	2002	12188342
cloning and characterisation of the gh gene from the common dolphin (delphinus delphis).	the sequence of growth hormone (gh) is generally strongly conserved in mammals, but episodes of rapid change occurred during the evolution of primates and artiodactyls, when the rate of gh evolution apparently increased at least 50-fold. as a result, the sequences of human and ruminant ghs differ substantially from those of other non-primate ghs. recent molecular studies have suggested that cetaceans are closely related to artiodactyls and may be deeply nested within the artiodactyl phylogenetic ...	2002	12225773
characterization and clinical manifestations of arcanobacterium phocae infections in marine mammals stranded along the central california coast.	between 1994 and 2000, 141 arcanobacterium phocae isolates were recovered from marine mammals that stranded along the central california coast (usa). arcanobacterium phocae was cultured from tissue sites with abnormal discharge or evidence of inflammation in 66 california sea lions (zalophus californianus), 50 pacific harbor seals (phoca vitulina richardii), 19 northern elephant seals (mirounga angustirostris), five southern sea otters (enhydra lutris nereis), and one common dolphin (delphinus d ...	2003	12685077
marine mammals from northeast atlantic: relationship between their trophic status as determined by delta13c and delta15n measurements and their trace metal concentrations.	the relationship between trophic position through delta13c and delta15n and trace metal concentrations (zn, cd, cu and hg) was investigated in the tissues of six marine mammal species from the northeast atlantic: striped dolphin stenella coeruleoalba, common dolphin, delphinus delphis, atlantic white-sided dolphin lagenorhynchus acutus, harbour porpoise phocoena phocoena, white beaked-dolphin lagenorhynchus albirostris, grey seal halichoerus grypus stranded on french channel and irish coasts. wh ...	2003	12738219
the use of a non-lethal tool for evaluating toxicological hazard of organochlorine contaminants in mediterranean cetaceans: new data 10 years after the first paper published in mpb.	in the mediterranean sea, top predators, and particularly cetacean odontocetes, accumulate high concentrations of organochlorine contaminants and toxic metals, incurring high toxicological risk. in this paper we investigate the use of the skin biopsies as a non-lethal tool for evaluating toxicological hazard of organochlorines in mediterranean cetaceans, presenting new data 10 years after the paper published by fossi and co-workers [mar. poll. bull. 24 (9) (1992) 459] in which this new methodolo ...	2003	12907191
[ulcerative gastritis due to nematoda in a dolphin (delphinus delphis l.) from the adriatic sea].		2003	5152949
[some characteristics of higher nervous activity of the black sea dolphin tursiops truncatus].		2003	5404347
retinoid and lipid patterns in the blubber of common dolphins (delphinus delphis): implications for monitoring vitamin a status.	we determined retinoid concentrations in various body positions of the blubber of 25 common dolphins (delphinus delphis) to study topographical variation in concentrations. specimens were obtained from incidental catches and were apparently healthy. we found concentrations to be high and therefore conclude that blubber represents a significant contribution to total retinoid body load. consequently, blubber is proposed as a tissue of choice for monitoring retinoid status in this species. anterior ...	2004	15050526
the effect of recording and analysis bandwidth on acoustic identification of delphinid species.	because many cetacean species produce characteristic calls that propagate well under water, acoustic techniques can be used to detect and identify them. the ability to identify cetaceans to species using acoustic methods varies and may be affected by recording and analysis bandwidth. to examine the effect of bandwidth on species identification, whistles were recorded from four delphinid species (delphinus delphis, stenella attenuata, s. coeruleoalba, and s. longirostris) in the eastern tropical ...	2004	15603163
skin biopsy of mediterranean cetaceans for the investigation of interspecies susceptibility to xenobiotic contaminants.	various studies on mediterranean cetaceans have revealed bioaccumulation of contaminants such as organochlorines (ocs) and heavy metals. the susceptibility of these animals to organic pollutants and the relationship between bioaccumulation and population decline (as in the case of delphinus delphis) are unexplored fields. in this study, we used a non-destructive approach (skin biopsy) to explore oc bioaccumulation processes and mixed-function oxidase activity (bpmo) in four species of cetaceans: ...	2004	11460743
contamination by persistent organochlorines in cetaceans incidentally caught along brazilian coastal waters.	wide ranges of organochlorine residues were determined in the blubber of franciscana (pontoporia blainvillei), estuarine dolphin (sotalia guianensis), atlantic spotted dolphin (stenella frontalis), and long-beaked common dolphin (delphinus capensis) incidentally caught along brazilian coastal waters. concentrations of ddts and pcbs were the highest, followed by chls, tcpmoh, dieldrin, tcpme, heptachlor epoxide, hcb, and hchs. unexpectedly, significant pollution of pcbs, ddts, tcpme, and tcpmoh w ...	2004	15025172
seroprevalence of toxoplasma gondii antibodies in wild dolphins from the spanish mediterranean coast.	although toxoplasma gondii infection has been found occasionally in cetaceans, little is known of the prevalence of antibodies to t. gondii in wild dolphins. antibodies to t. gondii were determined in serum samples from 58 dolphins stranded in the spanish mediterranean coast. modified agglutination test was used to determine t. gondii antibodies, and a titer of 1:25 was considered indicative of t. gondii infection. antibodies to t. gondii were found in 4 of 36 striped dolphins (stenella coeruleo ...	2004	15270114
concentration and subcellular distribution of trace elements in liver of small cetaceans incidentally caught along the brazilian coast.	concentrations of trace elements (v, cr, mn, fe, co, cu, zn, ga, as, se, rb, sr, mo, ag, cd, sb, cs, ba, t-hg, org-hg, tl and pb) were determined in liver samples of estuarine dolphin (sotalia guianensis; n = 20), franciscana dolphin (pontoporia blainvillei; n = 23), atlantic spotted dolphin (stenella frontalis; n = 2), common dolphin (delphinus capensis; n = 1) and striped dolphin (stenella coeruleoalba; n = 1) incidentally caught along the coast of sao paulo state and parana state, brazil, fro ...	2004	15476836
hepatic lesions in cetaceans stranded in the canary islands.	this article describes the gross, histopathologic, and ultrastructural findings of the livers of cetaceans stranded on the coast of the canary islands between 1992 and 2000. a total of 135 cetaceans were included in the study, among which 25 were common dolphins (delphinus delphis), 23 atlantic spotted dolphins (stenella frontalis), 19 striped dolphins (stenella coeruleoalba), and 15 other species of dolphins and whales. the most common lesion observed in these animals was a nonspecific chronic ...	2004	15017028
acute and chronic gas bubble lesions in cetaceans stranded in the united kingdom.	the first evidence suggestive of in vivo gas bubble formation in cetacea, including eight animals stranded in the uk, has recently been reported. this article presents the pathologic findings from these eight uk-stranded cetaceans and two additional uk-stranded cetacean cases in detail. hepatic gas-filled cavitary lesions (0.2-6.0 cm diameter) involving approximately 5-90% of the liver volume were found in four (two juvenile, two adult) risso's dolphins (grampus griseus), three (two adult, one j ...	2005	15872375
levels of hexabromocyclododecane in harbor porpoises and common dolphins from western european seas, with evidence for stereoisomer-specific biotransformation by cytochrome p450.	commercial hexabromocyclododecane (hbcd) is a high-production-volume flame-retardant applied in polystyrene foams. it contains three stereoisomers, of which gamma-hbcd always dominates. here we report on the levels of hbcd in blubber of harbor porpoise and common dolphin from different european seas. the highest total (sigma)-hbcd levels were measured in harbor porpoises stranded on the irish and scottish coasts of the irish sea (median concentration 2.9 microg (g of lipid)(-1)) and the northwes ...	2005	15871242
cloning and characterization of the gene encoding growth hormone in finback whale (balaenoptera physalus).	in mammals growth hormone (gh) is generally a strongly conserved protein, reflecting a slow rate of molecular evolution. however, during primate and artiodactyl evolution episodes of rapid change occurred, so that the ghs of higher primates and ruminants differ markedly from those of other mammals. to extend knowledge of gh evolution in cetartiodactyla (artiodactyla plus cetacea) we have previously characterized gh genes from several members of this group, including the common dolphin. surprisin ...	2005	15993109
mother-calf transfer of organochlorine compounds in the common dolphin (delphinus delphis).		2005	16228886
differences in ddt and pcb residues between common and striped dolphins from the southwestern mediterranean.	organochlorine concentrations (ocs) and stable isotopes were investigated in the blubber of common dolphins (delphinus delphis) and striped dolphins (stenella coeruleoalba) from the southwestern mediterranean. samples were obtained from dolphins entangled in fishing nets during the 1992-1994 fishing season and from biopsies taken in 1992. intrapopulation variations were studied, but because most of the dolphins were juveniles or calves (90%), no significant differences were found on the basis of ...	2005	15886895
heterotopic kidney tissue in the lung of a free-living common dolphin (delphinus delphis).	a spontaneous case of renal heterotopia involving the lung parenchyma of a free-living, adult, female common dolphin (delphinus delphis), which was found stranded alive on the north adriatic sea coast of italy, is reported in this study. the lesion, slightly visible from the macroscopic point of view, had the histologic appearance of a "foreign tissue island," which was poorly demarcated from the surrounding pulmonary tissue. within such an island, several regularly shaped and apparently mature ...	2005	15753475