Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year Filter | PMID(sorted ascending) Filter |
|---|
| endogenous nitric oxide in the airways of different animal species. | high amounts of endogenous nitric oxide (no) have been demonstrated in the human upper airway, but the role of nasal no is still unclear. the present study aims to describe nasal no excretion in different animal species with special living conditions or anatomy. | 1997 | 9366933 |
| genetic variation in asiatic lions and indian tigers. | previous reports have suggested that asiatic lions and tigers are highly inbred and exhibit very low levels of genetic variation. our analyses on these species have shown much higher degrees of polymorphism than reported. randomly amplified polymorphic dna (rapd) analysis of 38 asiatic lions, which exist as a single population in the gir forest sanctuary in india, shows an average heterozygosity of 25.82% with four primers. sperm motility studies by our colleagues corroborate this data. in india ... | 1997 | 9378147 |
| proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy in steele-richardson-olszewski syndrome. | proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy, localized to the lentiform nucleus, was carried out in nine patients with a clinical diagnosis of steele-richardson-olszewski syndrome (sro) and in eight healthy age-matched controls. three of the nine sro patients had a so-called "eye of the tiger sign" with high signal in the globus pallidus surrounded by a ring of low signal on t2 weighted magnetic resonance imaging previously only reported in hallervorden-spatz disease. one of these patients had pathol ... | 1997 | 9380064 |
| 'tiger tail' pattern on polarized hair microscopic examination is found in healthy infants. | 1997 | 9382577 | |
| immunocytochemical localization of gamma-aminobutyric acid plasma membrane transporters in the tiger salamander retina. | gamma-aminobutyric acid (gaba) plasma membrane transporters (gats) play an important role in regulating gaba neurotransmission in the nervous system. the distribution of two gats, gat 1 and gat 3, in salamander retina was investigated by using affinity-purified polyclonal antisera directed to the predicted c-terminals of rat gat 1 and rat gat 3. gat 1-immunoreactivity (-ir) was found in type ib and iib orthotopic bipolar cells (bcs) located in the distal and middle of the inner nuclear layer (in ... | 1997 | 9390763 |
| linkage map for the asian tiger mosquito [aedes (stegomyia) albopictus] based on sscp analysis of rapd markers. | a linkage map of the asian tiger mosquito [aedes (stegomyia) albopictus (skuse)] was constructed in an f1 intercross by monitoring the segregation of randomly amplified polymorphic dna (rapd) markers analyzed for single-strand conformation polymorphisms (sscp). we hypothesized that sscp analysis would reveal point mutations in rapd fragments that would then segregate as codominant rather than dominant markers which are typically revealed through routine rapd analysis. markers were mapped to indi ... | 2010 | 9419887 |
| [hallervorden-spatz disease]. | based on the history of a 5-year-old boy, the clinical picture and the natural history of hallervorden-spatz disease are reviewed. in the past, the diagnosis of hallervorden-spatz disease has usually been made only post mortem. in the t2 weighted mri images "eye of the tiger" sign is seen. this is due to iron-accumulation in the pallidum and it makes the earlier, in vivo diagnosis of the disease possible. | 1997 | 9441268 |
| interactions of gonadal steroids and pesticides (ddt, dde) on gonaduct growth in larval tiger salamanders, ambystoma tigrinum. | in view of the current worldwide decline in amphibian populations, exploratory studies are needed to assess the potential for environmental contaminants to act as endocrine disrupters of the amphibian reproductive system. the present study investigated the effects of ddt dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (ddt) and dichlorodiphenyldichloroethylene (dde) on the development of amphibian gonaducts. larval male and female tiger salamanders (ambystoma tigrinum), with immature gonads, were immersed in a ... | 1998 | 9446727 |
| phenoloxidase activity of hemocytes derived from penaeus monodon and macrobrachium rosenbergii. | the phenoloxidase (po) activity of hemocyte lysate supernatant (hls) from both tiger shrimp (penaeus monodon) and giant freshwater prawn (macro-branchium rosenbergii) was examined by treating hls with various factors, such as an increase in temperatures from 25 to 70 degrees c, one of four elicitors (beta-1,3-1,6-glucan, zymosan, heat-killed vibrio cells, and lipopolysaccharide), trypsin, one of three protease inhibitors (soybean trypsin inhibitor, p-nitrophenyl-p'-guanidinobenzoate, and benzami ... | 1998 | 9446734 |
| estimating the contributions of nmda and non-nmda currents to epsps in retinal ganglion cells. | whole-cell recordings were obtained from retinal ganglion cells of the tiger salamander (ambystoma tigrinum) in a superfused slice preparation to evaluate contributions of nmda (n-methyl-d-aspartate) and ka/ampa (kainate/alpha-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxalone propionic acid) receptors to excitatory postsynaptic potentials (epsps) of retinal ganglion cells. synaptic activation of retinal ganglion cells was achieved through the use of a brief pressure pulse of hyperosmotic ringer (ringer + suc ... | 2016 | 9447684 |
| [anatomo-functional consideration of an aponeurosis on the caudal radiocarpus in the tiger, lion and domestic cat (panthera tigris, panthera leo and felis catus)]. | this study describes a strong aponeurosis on the caudal surface of the antebrachium, between the mm. flexoris and the m. pronator quadratus. this aponeurosis has not been experimentally validated. by dissection and macroscopic examination of formaldehyde-prepared material, and experimental surgical transection of the structure in f. catus, the aponeurosis is described and its functional capacity is determined. the origin of the aponeurosis is the facies caudalis, margo medialis of the radius and ... | 1997 | 9454511 |
| severe tiger snake envenomation in a wilderness environment. | a 44-year old bushwalker was envenomed in an isolated area late in the afternoon, and a succession of difficulties with his rescue resulted in his not reaching hospital until nearly 24 hours later. this case highlights the problems of prolonged delays before treatment for envenomation, and points to the advantages of physician-staffed emergency helicopter services carrying snake antivenoms into the field. | 1998 | 9469186 |
| action potentials are required for the lateral transmission of glycinergic transient inhibition in the amphibian retina. | transient lateral inhibition (tli), the suppression of responses of a ganglion cell to light stimuli in the receptive field center by changes in illumination in the receptive field surround, was studied in light-adapted mud puppy and tiger salamander retinas using both eyecup and retinal slice preparations. in the eyecup, tli was measured in on-off ganglion cells as the ability of rotating, concentric windmill patterns of 500-1200 micron inner diameter to suppress the response to a small spot st ... | 1998 | 9482814 |
| modulation by zinc of the glutamate transporters in glial cells and cones isolated from the tiger salamander retina. | 1. zinc may be released from some presynaptic glutamatergic neurons, including hippocampal mossy fibres and retinal photoreceptors. we whole-cell-clamped glial (müller) cells isolated from the salamander retina to investigate the effect of zinc on glutamate transporters in these cells. glutamate-evoked currents in these cells are generated largely by carriers homologous to the mammalian glast/eaat1 transporter. 2. zinc inhibited both glutamate uptake into the cells, and glutamate release by reve ... | 1998 | 9490865 |
| forms in general practice. paper war or paper tiger? | to measure gp attitudes to forms in general practice, particularly the common and important ones, and to record the frequency of their use. | 1998 | 9503733 |
| validity and sensitivity of visual analogue scales in young and older healthy subjects. | previous findings from studies on the acute effects of drugs indicate that older subjects report less change on visual analogue scales than do younger subjects, when the observed drug effects on objective performance measures are as great or greater. | 1998 | 9504368 |
| modelling the secondary structures of slippage-prone hypervariable rna regions: the example of the tiger beetle 18s rrna variable region v4. | variable regions within ribosomal rnas frequently vary in length as a result of incorporating products of slippage. this makes constructing secondary structure models problematic because base homology is difficult or impossible to establish between species. here, we model such a region by comparing the results of the mfold suboptimal folding algorithm for different species to identify conserved structures. based on the reconstruction of base change on a phylogenetic tree of the species and compa ... | 1998 | 9512540 |
| protein kinases modulate two glycine currents in salamander retinal ganglion cells. | 1. protein kinase modulation of glycine-activated currents was examined in acutely dissociated ganglion cells from tiger salamander retina using whole-cell voltage-clamp techniques. 2. glycine (100 microm) induced an outward chloride current in cells clamped at 0 mv. co-application of 50 microm forskolin made the glycine-induced current more transient. the combination of forskolin and glycine reduced the later portion of current response without changing the initial peak amplitude. 3. 3-isobutyl ... | 1998 | 9518725 |
| temporal contrast enhancement via gabac feedback at bipolar terminals in the tiger salamander retina. | most retinal amacrine (acs) and ganglion cells (gcs) express temporal contrast by generating action potentials at only the onset and offset of the light stimulus. this study investigated the neural mechanisms that underlie this temporal contrast enhancement. whole cell patch recordings were made from bipolar cells (bcs), acs, and gcs in the retinal slice preparation. the cells were identified by the locations of their somas in the inner nuclear layer and ganglion cell layers, their characteristi ... | 1998 | 9535976 |
| spontaneous cell-mediated cytotoxicity (scmc) in various mammalian species and chickens: selective reaction pattern and different mechanisms. | cultured cell lines derived from donors of various species served as 75se- or 51cr-labelled targets in microcytotoxicity assays. as in human donors, considerable spontaneous cell-mediated cytotoxicity (scmc) was exhibited by peripheral blood lymphoid effector cells from healthy chickens, mink, swine, cattle, horses and tigers. although all target lines tested could be lysed in scmc, there was no 'general scmc target' for all species or all individuals of one species. the selectivity, the kinetic ... | 1980 | 9537048 |
| generalized aa-amyloidosis in siberian tigers (panthera tigris altaica) with predominant renal medullary amyloid deposition. | generalized amyloidosis with predominant renal medullary amyloid deposition was found in four closely related siberian tigers (panthera tigris altaica) suffering from end stage kidney diseases. only minimal to mild amounts of amyloid were deposited in various organs outside the kidneys with individually variable organ involvement. the congo red staining affinity of amyloid deposits was sensitive to potassium permanganate oxidation. the deposits were further characterized as being of the amyloid- ... | 1998 | 9545138 |
| response to change is facilitated by a three-neuron disinhibitory pathway in the tiger salamander retina. | most retinal ganglion cells respond only transiently, for approximately 150 msec at the onset and termination of a light flash. the responses are transient because it has been shown that bipolar-to-ganglion cell transmission is truncated after 150 msec by a feedback inhibition to bipolar cell terminals. the feedback inhibition itself must be delayed by approximately 150 msec to allow the initial bipolar-ganglion cell transmission. this study identifies a three-component serial synaptic pathway f ... | 1998 | 9547252 |
| actin cytoskeleton regulates ion channel activity in retinal neurons. | the actin cytoskeleton is an important contributor to the integrity of cellular shape and responses in neurons. however, the molecular mechanisms associated with functional interactions between the actin cytoskeleton and neuronal ion channels are largely unknown. whole-cell and single channel recording techniques were thus applied to identified retinal bipolar neurons of the tiger salamander (ambystoma tigrinum) to assess the role of acute changes in actin-based cytoskeleton dynamics in the regu ... | 1998 | 9559935 |
| use of videofluoroscopy in zoo dentistry: endodontic procedure in a tiger. | videofluoroscopy was used as a radiographic technique to visualize a canine tooth during root canal therapy in a siberian tiger. videofluoroscopy was useful because the procedure was performed in a zoo setting with no access to an on-site darkroom. the fluoroscopic screen and videotape allowed for immediate viewing of the root canal system. | 1997 | 9571894 |
| restorative dental treatments of abraded canine teeth in a sumatran tiger (panthera tigris sumatrae). | a sumatran tiger had developed severely abraded canine teeth by biting on cage-bars. this resulted in weakening and marked sensitivity of the teeth. indications for, techniques of and complications of restorative dental treatments are described. the outcome of different restorative dental treatments indicates that endodontic treatment should be carried out first if the fracture of a weakened tooth is anticipated. to improve retention, the acid-etch technique is preferred in combination with macr ... | 1997 | 9571900 |
| snake bites recorded by veterinary practices in australia. | to determine the extent of the snake bite problem in domestic animals, its regional significance and the effects of antivenom treatment. | 1998 | 9578756 |
| nodules caused by demodex-like mites in the skin of tiger quolls (dasyurus maculatus). | 1998 | 9578771 | |
| antibody response of lions inoculated with inactivated calicivirus vaccine experimentally prepared. | the majority of lions and tigers in a safari park in japan were suffering from acute vesicular disease caused by a calicivirus infection. all of these animals were injected subcutaneously with an inactivated calicivirus vaccine experimentally prepared with one of the seed viruses originally isolated from sick lions. seroneutralizing antibody of paired sera collected from ten female lions at two week intervals was measured. a significant elevation of specific antibody was detected in the serum sa ... | 1998 | 9579339 |
| regulation of dopa decarboxylase expression during colour pattern formation in wild-type and melanic tiger swallowtail butterflies. | the eastern tiger swallowtail butterfly papilio glaucus shows a striking example of batesian mimicry. in this species, females are either wild type (yellow and black) or melanic (where most of the yellow colour is replaced by black). in order to understand how these different colour patterns are regulated, we examined the temporal order of wing pigment synthesis via precursor incorporation studies, enzyme assays, and in situ hybridisation to mrna encoding a key enzyme, dopa decarboxylase. we sho ... | 1998 | 9584129 |
| are lions and tigers substitutes or associates? evidence against slot filler accounts of children's early categorization. | items in event-based categorical relations, or "slot fillers," have been found to be recalled better by children than items in a taxonomic relation. this has been used as evidence that children's memory is organized around script-based representations rather than taxonomic structures. others have attributed the superior recall of slot fillers to association and typicality rather than memory structure per se. this study was designed to see if the slot filler advantage remains when association and ... | 1998 | 9586210 |
| lions and tigers and bears, oh my! | 1998 | 9597529 | |
| health care systems in transition. ii: east asia--the roaring tigers. | 1998 | 9602440 | |
| the three-dimensional structures of two toxins from snake venom throw light on the anticoagulant and neurotoxic sites of phospholipase a2. | the three-dimensional structures of the class ii anticoagulant phospholipase a2 (pla2) toxin rvv-vd from the venom of russell's viper, vipera russelli russelli, and the class i neurotoxic pla2 notechis ii-5 from the, australian tiger snake, notechis scutatus scutatus, were determined to 2.2 a and 3.0 a resolution, respectively. both enzymes are monomeric and consist of 121 and 119 residues, respectively. a comparison of ten class i/ii pla2 structures showed, among other differences, that the bet ... | 1998 | 9604284 |
| generic noun phrases in mother-child conversations. | generic noun phrases (e.g. tigers are fierce) are of interest for their semantic properties: they capture 'essential' properties, are timeless, and are context-free. the present study examines use of generic noun phrases by preschool children and their mothers. mother-child pairs were videotaped while looking through a book of animal pictures. each page depicted either a single instance of a particular category (e.g. one crab) or multiple instances of a particular category (e.g. many crabs). the ... | 1998 | 9604567 |
| responses of ganglion cells to contrast steps in the light-adapted retina of the tiger salamander. | the impulse discharge of single ganglion cells was recorded extracellularly in superfused eyecup preparations of the tiger salamander (ambystoma tigrinum). contrast flashes (500 ms) were applied at the center of the receptive field while the retina was light adapted to a background field of 20 cd/m2. the incidence of cell types in a sample of 387 cells was: on cells (4%), off cells (28%), and on/off cells (68%). quantitative contrast/response measurements were obtained for 83 cells. on the basis ... | 2014 | 9605524 |
| regulation of cgmp-dependent current in on bipolar cells by calcium/calmodulin-dependent kinase. | the metabotropic receptor mglur6 is localized to the dendrites of on bipolar cells and mediates synaptic input from photoreceptors. the binding of glutamate to the receptor activates a phosphodiesterase (pde), which then hydrolyzes cgmp. a nonselective cationic conductance, believed to be gated directly by cgmp, is turned off as a result of the fall in cgmp levels, and the cell hyperpolarizes. here we present evidence for regulation of the conductance by an additional mechanism that it is indepe ... | 2016 | 9605527 |
| isolation and characterization of laminin-10/11 secreted by human lung carcinoma cells. laminin-10/11 mediates cell adhesion through integrin alpha3 beta1. | a panel of human tumor cell lines was screened for selective expression of laminin alpha5 chain, a newly identified laminin subunit comprising laminin-10 (alpha5 beta1 gamma1) and -11 (alpha5 beta2 gamma1). the lung adenocarcinoma cell line a549 was found to express the alpha5 chain at relatively high levels but no detectable amounts of other alpha chains. the laminin variants containing alpha5 chain were purified from the conditioned medium of a549 cells by immunoaffinity chromatography using t ... | 1998 | 9624186 |
| postsynaptic responses of horizontal cells in the tiger salamander retina are mediated by ampa-preferring receptors. | the postsynaptic responses of sign-preserving second-order retinal neurons (horizontal cells (hcs) and off-bipolar cells) are mediated by cnqx-sensitive ampa/ka glutamate receptors. in this study we used receptor-specific allosteric regulators of desensitization and selected antagonists to determine the glutamate receptor subtypes in tiger salamander horizontal cells. two approaches were employed in this study. the first was to measure postsynaptic currents induced by exogenously applied glutama ... | 1998 | 9630565 |
| age-related changes in the tiger salamander retina. | tiger salamanders have been used in visual science because of the large size of their cells and the ease of preparation and maintenance of in vitro retinal preparations. we have found that salamanders over 27 cm in length show a variety of visual abnormalities. compared to smaller animals (15-23 cm), large animals exhibited a decrease in visual responses determined by tests of the optomotor reflex. small animals responded correctly an average of 84.5% of the time in visual testing at three light ... | 1998 | 9631666 |
| habitat-contingent reproductive behaviour in radio-implanted salamanders: a model and test. | all tiger salamanders, ambystoma tigrinum, entering a small pond in new york state were given radio-implants and tracked throughout breeding to determine whether reproductive behaviour in nature differs from that described in laboratory studies. i formed an extended model of adult reproductive behaviour that included male and female strategies and differential use of habitat components in the breeding pond, and then tested four key predictions regarding adult movement using the sequence of posit ... | 1998 | 9632505 |
| pathogen transmission as a selective force against cannibalism. | cannibalism is uncommon in most species despite being taxonomically widespread. this rarity is surprising, because cannibalism can confer important nutritional and competitive advantages to the cannibal. a general, but untested, explanation for why cannibalism is rare is that cannibals may be especially likely to acquire pathogens from conspecifics, owing to greater genetic similarity among conspecifics and selection for host specificity and resistance to host immune defences among pathogens. we ... | 1998 | 9632508 |
| calcium-sensitive calcium influx in photoreceptor inner segments. | the effect of external calcium concentration ([ca2+]o) on membrane potential-dependent calcium signals in isolated tiger salamander rod and cone photoreceptor inner segments was investigated with patch-clamp and calcium imaging techniques. mild depolarizations led to increases in intracellular ca2+ levels ([ca2+]i) that were smaller when [ca2+]o was elevated to 10 mm than when it was 3 mm, even though maximum ca2+ conductance increased 30% with the increase in [ca2+]o. when external calcium was ... | 1998 | 9636104 |
| metastatic malignant mesothelioma in a tiger (panthera tigris). | an 8-yr-old female tiger (panthera tigris) died following a 2-wk history of progressive depression, anorexia, respiratory insufficiency, and exercise intolerance. at the time of necropsy, numerous coalescing, 4-20-mm, tan, firm nodules were scattered throughout the pleural surfaces of the thoracic wall and the mediastinum, giving a velvety appearance to these surfaces. histologically, the nodules were diagnosed as malignant pleural mesothelioma. secondary metastasis to the regional tracheobronch ... | 1998 | 9638633 |
| experimental analysis of character coupling across a complex life cycle: pigment pattern metamorphosis in the tiger salamander, ambystoma tigrinum tigrinum. | developmental relationships among characters are expected to bias patterns of morphological variation at the population level. studies of character development thus can provide insights into processes of adaptation and the evolutionary diversification of morphologies. here i use experimental manipulations to test whether larval and adult pigment patterns are coupled across metamorphosis in the tiger salamander, ambystoma tigrinum tigrinum (ambystomatidae). previous investigations showed that the ... | 1998 | 9642792 |
| metabotropic and ionotropic glutamate receptors regulate calcium channel currents in salamander retinal ganglion cells. | 1. glutamate suppressed high-voltage-activated barium currents (iba, hva) in tiger salamander retinal ganglion cells. both ionotropic (iglur) and metabotropic (mglur) receptors contributed to this calcium channel inhibition. 2. trans-acpd (1-aminocyclopentane-trans-1s,3r-dicarboxylic acid), a broad-spectrum metabotropic glutamate receptor agonist, suppressed a dihydropyridine-sensitive barium current. kainate, an ionotropic glutamate receptor agonist, reduced an omega-conotoxin gvia-sensitive cu ... | 1998 | 9660896 |
| amino acid neurotransmitters in the retina: a functional overview. | physiological and pharmacological mechanisms of glutamatergic, gabaergic and glycinergic synapses in the tiger salamander retina were studied. we used immunocytochemical and autoradiographic methods to study localizations of these neurotransmitters and their uptake transporters; and electrophysiological methods (intracellular, extracellular and whole cell patch electrode recordings) to study the light responses, miniature postsynaptic currents and neurotransmitter-induced postsynaptic currents i ... | 1998 | 9667005 |
| the intrinsic dynamics of retinal bipolar cells isolated from tiger salamander. | we studied how intrinsic membrane properties affect the gain and temporal pattern of response in bipolar cells dissociated from retinae of tiger salamanders. currents specified by a pseudorandom binary sequence, an m-sequence, superimposed on various means, were injected into the cells. from the resultant membrane voltage response for each mean current, impulse responses were estimated. from each impulse response, transfer function, gain, and time constant were calculated. the bipolar cells acte ... | 2013 | 9685196 |
| a preliminary study of ribosomal dna polymorphism in the tiger shrimp, penaeus monodon. | the preliminary study of rdna polymorphisms in p. monodon showed that inter- and intraindividual polymorphisms of rdna were clearly observed in this species. individual-specific rdna restriction patterns were observed when digested with bamhi and saci. the intergenic spacers (igs) region of p. monodon rdna plays an important role in length heteroplasmy at both between- and within-individual levels in this species. | 1998 | 9701643 |
| volatile components associated with bacterial spoilage of tropical prawns. | analysis of headspace volatiles by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry from king (penaeus plebejus), banana (p. merguiensis), tiger (p. esculentus/semisulcatus) and greasy (metapenaeus bennettae) prawns stored in ice or ice slurry, which is effectively an environment of low oxygen tension, indicated the presence of amines at the early stages of storage (less than 8 days) irrespective of the nature of the storage media. esters were more prevalent in prawns stored on ice (normal oxygen conditions ... | 1998 | 9706797 |
| membrane current noise in dark-adapted and light-adapted isolated retinal rods of the larval tiger salamander. | 1. low-frequency light-sensitive membrane current noise in isolated rod photoreceptors of the larval tiger salamander was recorded using suction electrodes, in the dark, and during light adaptation by backgrounds or by bleaching visual pigment. 2. in background light, noise variance increases and then decreases. for rods desensitized to similar levels by bleaching visual pigment, the noise variance either does not change (weak adaptation) or decreases (with stronger adaptation). 3. the power spe ... | 1998 | 9714869 |
| chronic gastritis in tigers associated with helicobacter acinonyx. | helicobacter pylori-like organisms (hplos) were isolated from the gastric mucosa of two sumatran tigers and identified by polymerase chain reaction analysis as helicobacter acinonyx. at histological examination, both tigers revealed a chronic gastritis associated with hplos as demonstrated by immunolabelling and electron microscopy. this is the first isolation of h. acinonyx from tigers, in which, as previously reported in cheetahs, it may be a cause of gastritis. | 1998 | 9717128 |
| gastric spiral bacteria in small felids. | nine small cats, including one bobcat (felis rufus), one pallas cat (f. manul), one canada lynx (f. lynx canadensis), two fishing cats (f. viverrina), two margays (f. wiedii), and two sand cats (f. margarita), necropsied between june 1995 and march 1997 had large numbers of gastric spiral bacteria, whereas five large cats, including one african lion (panthera leo), two snow leopards (p. uncia), one siberian tiger (p. tigris altaica), and one jaguar (p. onca), necropsied during the same period ha ... | 1998 | 9732040 |
| severe tiger snake envenomation in a wilderness environment. | 1998 | 9734587 | |
| sri lanka. political violence and ethnic conflict. | in recent years, sri lanka has experienced 2 violent rebellions in which youths have played a prominent role, 1 in the majority sinhala community and 1 in the minority tamil community. the former was crushed, but the latter remains ongoing, with the liberation tigers of tamil eelam, who claim to represent the tamil minority, battling the sinhala-dominated government. prospects for peace in the short- and medium term appear poor. these events have generated an impressive body of interdisciplinary ... | 1998 | 9735059 |
| mechanics of lung ventilation in a larval salamander ambystoma tigrinum. | the larval stage of the tiger salamander ambystoma tigrinum is entirely aquatic, but the larvae rely on their lungs for a large proportion of their oxygen uptake. x-ray video and pressure measurements from the buccal and body cavities demonstrate that the larvae inspire using a two-stroke buccal pump and exhale actively by contracting the hypaxial musculature to increase body pressure. larvae begin a breath by expanding the buccal cavity to draw in air through the mouth, while simultaneously exh ... | 1998 | 9739071 |
| contrast enhancement and distributed encoding by bipolar cells in the retina. | responses of bipolar cells, cone photoreceptors, and horizontal cells were recorded intracellularly in superfused eyecup preparations of the tiger salamander (ambystoma tigrinum). contrast flashes of positive and negative polarity were applied at the center of the receptive field while the entire retina was light adapted to a background field of 20 cd/m2. for small contrasts, many bipolar cells showed remarkably high contrast gain: up to 15-20% of the bipolar response was evoked by a contrast st ... | 1998 | 9744922 |
| [amur tiger: path to the third millennium (experience of development of the "strategy of preservation of the amur tiger in russia")]. | the development of a system of measures for conservation of the amur tiger is summarized. in the middle of the 1990s, no marked reduction in the numbers of the amur tiger took place in russia; the animals were always present in most of the forest-covered area of the primorskii and south khababrovsk districts. however, new threats to the survival of the amur tiger appeared. it is necessary to preserve the self-regulating population of the amur tiger throughout its range. the key to solving this t ... | 2016 | 9750434 |
| diurnal variation and effects of feeding on blood glucose in the giant tiger prawn, penaeus monodon. | previous studies on crustacea have demonstrated significant diurnal rhythms in blood glucose. however, glucose concentration in the blood of food-deprived penaeus monodon, held in indoor or outdoor tanks, did not exhibit a diurnal rhythm under photoperiods of 8 h light and 16 h darkness (8l: 16d) or under a 13.5l: 9.5d photoperiod, with simulated or natural full moon conditions. prawns held on photoperiods of constant light, 20l : 4d, 16l : 8d, 12l : 12d, 8l : 16d, 4l : 20d, or continuous darkne ... | 1998 | 9754534 |
| severe rhabdomyolysis after tiger snake bite. | 1998 | 9764082 | |
| a prominence account of syllable reduction in early speech development: the child's prosodic phonology of tiger and giraffe. | when young children produce multiword utterances and words that are polysyllabic in adult speech, they are most likely to omit unstressed syllables. because unstressed syllables are omitted more often in weak-strong (iambic) than in strong-weak (trochaic) environments, a trochaic metrical theory has been proposed to account for the asymmetrical omission pattern. this paper presents an alternative explanation based on the notion of relative prosodic prominence. i propose that syllable prominence ... | 1998 | 9771638 |
| characterization of spontaneous inhibitory synaptic currents in salamander retinal ganglion cells. | spontaneous and light-evoked postsynaptic currents (spscs and lepscs, respectively) in retinal ganglion cells of the larval tiger salamander were recorded under voltage-clamp conditions from living retinal slices. the focus of this study is to characterize the spontaneous inhibitory pscs (sipscs) and their contribution to the light-evoked inhibitory pscs (leipscs) in on-off ganglion cells. sipscs were isolated from spontaneous excitatory pscs (sepscs) by application of 10 microm 6,7-dinitroquino ... | 1998 | 9772236 |
| experimental transmission of white spot syndrome virus (wssv) from crabs to shrimp penaeus monodon. | white spot syndrome virus (wssv) of the black tiger prawn penaeus monodon is a recently discovered baculo-like virus disease which is currently the cause of very serious and widespread losses in the shrimp industry in thailand and elsewhere in asia. three suspected crab carriers of this virus commonly found in shrimp-rearing areas were investigated. these were sesarma sp., scylla serrata and uca pugilator. all these crabs could be infected with wssv by injection and they sustained heavy viral in ... | 1998 | 9789973 |
| histopathology of cultured shrimp showing gross signs of yellow head syndrome and white spot syndrome during 1994 indian epizootics. | two epizootics of cultured shrimp occurred in india in 1994. the first case of mass mortalities of tiger shrimp penaeus monodon in july 1994 was very similar to that caused by yellowhead virus (yhv) infection with regard to gross clinical signs, host species and size of shrimp affected, but it was histologically atypical. very interestingly, intranuclear inclusions typical of a white spot syndrome virus (wssv) infection were present in shrimp showing gross signs of yellow head syndrome, suggesti ... | 1998 | 9789974 |
| envenoming and antivenom use in australia. | australia has a diverse and rich venomous fauna, both terrestrial and marine, including some of the most venomous species in each class. antivenom is the principal therapy for the majority of medically significant envenomings and is currently supplied through a single source, csl, melbourne. cases of envenoming reported to australian poisons information centers (pics) are dominated by spiderbite and insect stings, respectively accounting for 53.7% and 39.3% of all bite/sting calls. marine animal ... | 1998 | 9792162 |
| effects of the herbicide atrazine on ambystoma tigrinum metamorphosis: duration, larval growth, and hormonal response. | we exposed larval tiger salamanders (ambystoma tigrinum) reared in the laboratory from eggs collected from a prairie wetland in north dakota to three concentrations of atrazine (0, 75, and 250 micrograms/l) in a static renewal test to determine the pesticide's effect on (1) plasma corticosterone and thyroxine concentrations, (2) larval size, and (3) days-to-stage at stages 2 and 4 of metamorphic climax. we found significant effects of atrazine on each of these response variables. plasma thyroxin ... | 2013 | 9798254 |
| in intact cone photoreceptors, a ca2+-dependent, diffusible factor modulates the cgmp-gated ion channels differently than in rods. | we investigated the modulation of cgmp-gated ion channels in single cone photoreceptors isolated from a fish retina. a new method allowed us to record currents from an intact outer segment while controlling its cytoplasmic composition by superfusion of the electropermeabilized inner segment. the sensitivity of the channels to agonists in the intact outer segment differs from that measured in membrane patches detached from the same cell. this sensitivity, measured as the ligand concentration nece ... | 1998 | 9806963 |
| tame the paper tiger. | computerizing an organization's policies and guidelines is difficult but rewarding. the assessment, planning, implementation, and evaluation of converting all paper policies and procedures into a computerized system are outlined, with particular focus on organizing guidelines according to the joint commission on accreditation of healthcare organization's (jcaho) functional standards. | 1998 | 9807446 |
| the cardiovascular, coagulation and haematological effects of tiger snake (notechis scutatus) venom. | the cardiovascular, coagulation and haematological effects of tiger snake (notechis scutatus) venom were investigated in anaesthetized, mechanically ventilated dogs. intravenous infusion of venom caused dose-related systemic hypotension, low cardiac output, pulmonary hypertension and raised pulmonary artery occlusion pressure. these effects occurred within several minutes of venom administration but recovered over 30 to 40 minutes. they were accompanied by prolongation of prothrombin and activat ... | 1998 | 9807609 |
| the cardiovascular, coagulation and haematological effects of tiger snake (notechis scutatus) prothrombin activator and investigation of release of vasoactive substances. | the cardiovascular, coagulation and haematological effects of prothrombin activator from tiger snake (notechis scutatus) venom were investigated in anaesthetized mechanically ventilated dogs. infusion caused dose-related systemic hypotension, marked decreases in cardiac output and stroke volume, marked increases in pulmonary artery pressure, pulmonary artery occlusion pressure and pulmonary vascular resistance. effects occurred within several minutes but abated over 30 to 40 minutes. evidence of ... | 1998 | 9807610 |
| severe multi-system failure following delayed presentation with tiger snake envenomation. | a 68 year-old-man presented some twelve hours after a presumed tiger snake bite with coagulopathy, paralysis and muscle necrosis. he suffered multi-system failure requiring prolonged ventilation, haemodialysis and supportive care, to be discharged after 26 days. delays to antivenom therapy after tiger snake envenomation can result in significant morbidity. australian snakes are the most venomous in the world. | 1998 | 9807618 |
| entomoplasma freundtii sp. nov., a new species from a green tiger beetle (coleoptera: cicindelidae). | a mollicute (strain barc 318t) isolated from gut tissue of a green tiger beetle (coleoptera: cicindelidae) was found by dark-field microscopy to consist of non-helical, non-motile, pleomorphic coccoid forms of various sizes. in ultrastructural studies, individual cells varied in diameter from 300 to 1200 nm, were surrounded by a cytoplasmic membrane and showed no evidence of cell wall. the organisms were readily filterable through membrane filters with mean pore diameters of 450 and 300 nm, with ... | 1998 | 9828421 |
| pussycats and baby tigers: non-invasive (pta) and minimally invasive (pt1) bladder carcinomas are not the same! | the histological distinction between non-invasive papillary transitional cell tumours (pta) and minimally invasive bladder carcinomas (pt1) is critical because of an increasing tendency of urologists to perform early cystectomy for recurrent pt1 carcinomas. nevertheless, the diagnosis of minimal stromal invasion is often difficult, resulting in considerable inter-observer variability. recent studies have revealed marked genetic differences between the stages pta and pt1. these data support model ... | 1998 | 9828830 |
| identification and distribution of photoreceptor subtypes in the neotenic tiger salamander retina. | the neotenic tiger salamander retina is a major model system for the study of retinal physiology and circuitry, yet there are unresolved issues regarding the organization of the photoreceptors and the photoreceptor mosaic. the rod and cone subtypes in the salamander retina were identified using a combination of morphological and immunocytochemical markers for specific rod and cone opsin epitopes. because the visual pigment mechanisms present in the tiger salamander retina are well characterized ... | 2008 | 9839981 |
| genetic structure in wild populations of black tiger shrimp (penaeus monodon) using randomly amplified polymorphic dna analysis. | randomly amplified polymorphic dna (rapd) analysis was used to examine genetic variation in wild black tiger shrimp, penaeus monodon. specimens were collected from five geographically separated locations (satun-trang, phangnga, and medan in the andaman sea and chumphon and trad in the gulf of thailand). a total of 100 p. monodon individuals were investigated using seven arbitrarily selected primers. fifty-eight (72.5%) of eighty reproducible rapd fragments ranging in size from 200 to 2200 bp wer ... | 1998 | 9852621 |
| golf related head injuries in children: the little tigers. | head injury is a major cause of morbidity in western society and sport related incidents account for approximately 11% of all head injured patients attending accident and emergency departments. golf was shown to be one of the sports most commonly associated with head injury requiring referral to a regional neurosurgical centre. previous studies have demonstrated that it is predominantly children who sustain golf related head injuries which present either to an accident and emergency department o ... | 1998 | 9854298 |
| mechanics of lung ventilation in a larval salamander ambystoma tigrinum. | the larval stage of the tiger salamander ambystoma tigrinum is entirely aquatic, but the larvae rely on their lungs for a large proportion of their oxygen uptake. x-ray video and pressure measurements from the buccal and body cavities demonstrate that the larvae inspire using a two-stroke buccal pump and exhale actively by contracting the hypaxial musculature to increase body pressure. larvae begin a breath by expanding the buccal cavity to draw in air through the mouth, while simultaneously exh ... | 1998 | 9866876 |
| regulation of sperm function by protein tyrosine phosphorylation in diverse wild felid species. | protein tyrosine phosphorylation is associated with sperm capacitation and the acrosome reaction in several mammalian species. changes in phosphorylation of a 95-kda protein in human, mouse, and domestic cat spermatozoa are known to be influenced by capacitation and exposure to zona pellucida (zp) proteins. we previously reported diminished phosphorylation of 95- and 160-kda proteins in spermatozoa from teratospermic cats, compared with normospermic domestic cats. to determine if these proteins ... | 1998 | 9876019 |
| automatic characterization and classification of ganglion cells from the salamander retina. | the classification of retinal ganglion cells according to their morphological features is addressed by using a comprehensive set of shape measures and several clustering strategies. the morphological features considered include many common measures (such as dendritic radii and the number of dendritic segments) and three new quantifiable measures: 1) the area of influence of the dendritic tree as calculated in an operator-independent manner by using minkowski sausages; 2) the complexity of tortuo ... | 1999 | 9886023 |
| the eye of the tiger sign in cortical-basal ganglionic degeneration. | 1999 | 9918367 | |
| the hemolymph clottable proteins of tiger shrimp, penaeus monodon, and related species. | a clottable protein was purified from the hemolymph of tiger shrimp (penaeus monodon) by sequential deae anion-exchange chromatography. the protein formed stable clots in the presence of ca2+ and the transglutaminase in hemocyte lysate. it is thermostable at temperatures up to 66 degrees c. the molecular mass of the clottable protein was determined to be 380 kda by sds-page and maldi-tof mass spectrometry, and the protein exists as disulfide-linked homodimers and oligomers. the size and amino ac ... | 1998 | 9972292 |
| cytochrome p450 and dependent activities in unexposed and pah-exposed terrestrial annelids. | the cytochrome p450 system of the oligochaetes eisenia f. fetida (tiger worm) and enchytraeus crypticus (pot worm) was analysed using ethoxy-, pentoxy- and benzoxyresorufin as substrates for monooxygenase activity. whole body microsomes of the earthworm e.f. fetida displayed pentrod activity in the range from 0.26 to 1.05 pmol mg protein-1 min-1 and benzrod activity in the range from 0.14 to 0.30 pmol mg protein-1 min-1. exposure of the animals for up to four weeks to 100 mg fluoranthene or benz ... | 1998 | 9972476 |
| rapid desensitization converts prolonged glutamate release into a transient epsc at ribbon synapses between retinal bipolar and amacrine cells. | the mechanisms underlying the conversion of prolonged glutamate release from ribbon synapses in bipolar cells to sustained and transient excitatory postsynaptic responses in identified retinal amacrine cells were studied in tiger salamander (ambystoma tigrinum) retina. a retina slice preparation with whole cell patch recording techniques under voltage- and current-clamp conditions was used to assay the electrical properties of bipolar and amacrine cells. amacrine cells were categorized into two ... | 1999 | 9987038 |
| deficiency of cytosolic arylamine n-acetylation in the domestic cat and wild felids caused by the presence of a single nat1-like gene. | the purpose of this study was to determine the molecular basis for a relative deficiency in the cat of cytosolic arylamine n-acetyltransferase (nat), an enzyme family that is important in the metabolism of xenobiotics and that normally consists of at least two related enzymes, nat1 and nat2. n-acetyltransferase in feline liver showed high affinity (mean km = 2.1 microm) for p-aminobenzoic acid, an nat1 selective substrate in humans and rabbits, but showed a very poor affinity (mean km > 10 mm) f ... | 1998 | 10022754 |
| multiple types of spontaneous excitatory synaptic currents in salamander retinal ganglion cells. | spontaneous and light-evoked excitatory postsynaptic currents (sepscs and leepscs) in retinal ganglion cells of the larval tiger salamander were recorded under voltage clamp conditions from living retinal slices. sepscs were isolated from the spontaneous inhibitory postsynaptic currents (sipscs) by application of 100 m picrotoxin+1 microm strychnine. in addition to the previously reported sepscs [k. matsui, n. hosoi, m. tachibana, excitatory synaptic transmission in the inner retina: pair record ... | 1999 | 10064836 |
| pennsylvania's hcccc (health care cost containment council): cost/quality watchdog or paper tiger? | 1991 | 10115135 | |
| the national practitioner data bank: big brother or paper tiger? | 2000 | 10121442 | |
| taming the tiger: the economics of health care reform. | 1994 | 10133328 | |
| 'any willing provider': a toothless tiger? | 1996 | 10157309 | |
| taming the paper tiger: computerized hazcom systems. | 1997 | 10165569 | |
| popular programs are priceless. | so what do disneyworld, fishing trips, bingo games, bus tours, breakfast, detroit tigers' games, and skating all have in common? they are all events offered to employees and volunteers through st. luke's hospital's workperks program. workperks is an employee-based program that provides opportunities for employees and their families to relax, mingle with co-workers, and have fun. | 2004 | 10168674 |
| let's at least look good. gop seen as proposing managed-care paper tiger. | 1998 | 10180462 | |
| rescuing healthcare from the paper tiger. | 1998 | 10182975 | |
| the metabotropic receptor mglur6 may signal through g(o), but not phosphodiesterase, in retinal bipolar cells. | bipolar cells are retinal interneurons that receive synaptic input from photoreceptors. glutamate, the photoreceptor transmitter, hyperpolarizes on bipolar cells by closing nonselective cation channels, an effect mediated by the metabotropic receptor mglur6. previous studies of mglur6 transduction have suggested that the receptor couples to a phosphodiesterase (pde) that preferentially hydrolyzes cgmp, and that cgmp directly gates the nonselective cation channel. this hypothesis was tested by di ... | 1999 | 10191311 |
| intron splice sites of papilio glaucus pglrh3 corroborate insect opsin phylogeny. | full-length cdna clones encoding the pglrh3 opsin from the tiger swallowtail butterfly papilio glaucus were isolated from cdna synthesized from adult head tissue total rna. this cdna consists of 1679 nucleotides and contains a single open reading frame predicted to be 379 amino acids in length. pcr amplification of genomic dna with primers spanning the coding region yielded a single 2760bp fragment which was sequenced. the pglrh3 gene has nine exons and eight introns, four of which are in unique ... | 1999 | 10196479 |
| convergent strabismus in a white bengal tiger. | a white bengal tiger was noted to have a convergent strabismus with poor vision since a cub. the tiger and a littermate with normal colouring and apparently normal eyes were anaesthetised for comparative ocular examination. a fundus typical of colour-dilute cats and dogs was noted in the white tiger. except for strabismus, no abnormalities were observed. electroretinography showed similar retinal function in both tigers. possible causes of strabismus considered were an adaptation to genetically ... | 1999 | 10197239 |
| impulse encoding across the dendritic morphologies of retinal ganglion cells. | nerve impulse entrainment and other excitation and passive phenomena are analyzed for a morphologically diverse and exhaustive data set (n = 57) of realistic (3-dimensional computer traced) soma-dendritic tree structures of ganglion cells in the tiger salamander (ambystoma tigrinum) retina. the neurons, including axon and an anatomically specialized thin axonal segment that is observed in every ganglion cell, were supplied with five voltage- or ligand-gated ion channels (plus leakage), which wer ... | 1999 | 10200204 |
| [chinese meditation pattern. qi gong: to learn from tigers and bears. series: relaxation technic 1. centers of vital energy]. | 1999 | 10220963 | |
| cutaneous mastocytomas in the neotenic caudate amphibians ambystoma mexicanum (axolotl) and ambystoma tigrinum (tiger salamander). | spontaneous mastocytomas studied in 18 axolotls (ambystoma mexicanum) and six tiger salamanders (ambystoma tigrinum) were gray-white, uni- to multilobular cutaneous protrusions from 2 mm to 2 cm in diameter. tumors were moderately cellular unencapsulated masses that usually infiltrated the dermis and hypodermis with the destruction of intervening tissues. some tumors were invading superficial bundles of the underlying skeletal muscle. tumors consisted of mitotically active cells derived from a s ... | 1999 | 10235473 |
| materials management and the paper tiger. | 1979 | 10242499 | |
| for physicians, is it the lady or the tiger? | 2006 | 10258699 |